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备考2027中考英语一轮复习之七八年级核心考点精讲精练 专题十四 宾语从句
展开 这是一份备考2027中考英语一轮复习之七八年级核心考点精讲精练 专题十四 宾语从句,共7页。试卷主要包含了宾语从句,宾语从句基本概念与结构,连接词分类与选择,宾语从句语序,宾语从句简化等内容,欢迎下载使用。
【教材出处】
八上 Mdule 1 Hw t learn English:宾语从句初步感知(that 引导宾语从句)
八下 Unit 4 Helping ut:that 引导宾语从句(I think / I believe 等句型)
八下 Unit 5 Lking int nature:if /whether 引导宾语从句
八下 Unit 6 Living with nature:连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句
九年级 Unit 1 Teenagers tday:it 作形式宾语 + 宾语从句
【考点精讲】
考点一 宾语从句基本概念与结构
定义:在句中充当宾语成分的从句,可作动词宾语、介词宾语。
作动词宾语:I knw that he is a teacher.
作介词宾语:She is wrried abut what she shuld d.(她担心自己该做什么)
标准结构:主句 + 连接词 + 宾语从句(必须为陈述句语序)
例:I think(主句)+ that(连接词)+ he is a gd student(陈述句语序从句)
⚠️ 核心规则:无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句,宾语从句统一使用主语 + 谓语 + 其他的陈述句语序。
考点二 连接词分类与选择
一、that 引导宾语从句
后接完整陈述句,无实义,常省略。
I think (that) he is right. 我认为他是对的。
She said (that) she wuld cme. 她说她会来。
We knw (that) the earth ges arund the sun. 我们知道地球绕太阳运转。
拓展:it 作形式宾语,that 从句后置
结构:主语 + find/think/believe + it + 形容词 / 名词 + that 从句
例:I find it interesting that he can speak three languages.
我觉得他会说三种语言这件事很有趣。
二、if /whether 引导宾语从句
由一般疑问句转化而来,表 “是否”,多数情况可互换;以下场景只能用 whether:
三、连接代词引导宾语从句
what /which/wh /whm/whse,在从句内承担句子成分,不可省略。
I dn’t knw what he is ding.(what 作 ding 宾语)
She asked wh wuld cme t the party.(wh 作从句主语)
I wnder whse bk this is.(whse 作 bk 定语)
四、连接副词引导宾语从句
when /where/why /hw,在从句作状语,不可省略。
Culd yu tell me when the train will arrive?(when 时间状语)
I dn’t knw where he lives.(where 地点状语)
She asked why he was late.(why 原因状语)
五、连接代词 vs 连接副词对比
考点三 宾语从句语序
统一规则:连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 剩余成分
错误:I dn’t knw where des he live.
正确:I dn’t knw where he lives.
错误:Can yu tell me what is his name?
正确:Can yu tell me what his name is.
错误:She asked why was he late.
正确:She asked why he was late.
特殊情况:连接词本身在从句中作主语,无需调换语序
I dn’t knw wh can help me.(wh 是从句主语)
She asked what happened.(what 是从句主语)
考点四 宾语从句时态呼应
1. 主句为一般现在时 / 一般将来时
从句时态不受主句约束,根据实际句意自由选择。
He says that he will cme tmrrw.(主现,从将来)
She tells me that she has finished hmewrk.(主现,从现在完成)
I will tell him that I am a student.(主将来,从现在)
2. 主句为一般过去时
从句统一改用对应过去类时态(一般过去 / 过去进行 / 过去将来 / 过去完成)
He said that he was a teacher.(主过,从一般过去)
She tld me that she was watching TV then.(主过,从过去进行)
I thught that he wuld cme.(主过,从过去将来)
He said that he had finished his wrk.(主过,从过去完成)
3. 客观真理、自然规律、永恒事实
无论主句何种时态,从句固定用一般现在时
The teacher said that the earth ges arund the sun.
He tld me that light travels faster than sund.
考点五 宾语从句简化
前提:主句主语与从句主语保持一致,可简化为「连接词 + t d」
1. 连接代词 / 副词 + t d
原句:I dn’t knw what I shuld d.
简化:I dn’t knw what t d.
原句:She asked where she culd g.
简化:She asked where t g.
原句:He desn’t knw hw he can slve the prblem.
简化:He desn’t knw hw t slve the prblem.
2. whether + t d
原句:I dn’t knw whether I shuld g.
简化:I dn’t knw whether t g.
【高频失分点整理】
失分点 1 误用疑问句语序
误:Culd yu tell me where is the pst ffice?
正:Culd yu tell me where the pst ffice is?
解析:宾语从句必须主谓顺置,疑问句语序仅用于单独问句。
失分点 2 if 一词多义混淆
宾语从句中 if = 是否;
I dn’t knw if he will cme.(正确)
条件状语从句中 if = 如果;
I will g if it desn’t rain tmrrw.(正确)
区分方法:if 引导的句子放在动词 / 介词后作宾语 = 宾语从句;表假设条件 = 状语从句。
失分点 3 忽略客观真理时态不变
误:The teacher said that the earth went arund the sun.
正:The teacher said that the earth ges arund the sun.
失分点 4 what /hw 混用(缺成分判断失误)
I dn’t knw what t d.(d 缺少宾语,用代词 what)
I dn’t knw hw t get there.(句子主谓完整,缺方式状语,用副词 hw)
失分点 5 that 的省略与保留
单一句宾语从句:that 可省略 I think (that) he is right.
两个并列宾语从句,第二个从句前 that 不可省略:
He said that he was tired and that he wanted t rest.
【九年级衔接预览】
九上 Unit 1:it 作形式宾语结构 I find it + adj. + that 从句;
九上 Unit 5:议论文中宾语从句综合运用。
复习核心:陈述句语序、连接词辨析、时态呼应、疑问词 + t d 简化。
三级过关精练
过关一・基础达标
一、填入合适连接词
I knw ________ he is a gd student.
I dn’t knw ________ he will cme tmrrw.
She asked me ________ I liked the mvie.
Culd yu tell me ________ the pst ffice is?
I dn’t knw ________ she is ding nw.
He asked ________ bk is mine.
I wnder ________ he didn’t cme t the party.
Can yu tell me ________ I can get t the statin?
She said ________ she wuld help me.
I dn’t knw ________ t g r nt.
二、单项选择
I dn’t knw ________ he is.
A. wh B. whm C. which D. whse
Culd yu tell me ________ the nearest hspital is?
A. what B. why C. when D. where
She asked me ________ I culd help her.
A. that B. if C. what D. which
I think ________ he will cme n time.
A. that B. if C. what D. when
I dn’t knw ________ he didn’t cme t schl.
A. when B. where C. why D. which
Can yu tell me ________ ?
A. where des he live B. where he lives
C. where did he live D. where he lived
She said that she ________ t Beijing the next day.
A. will g B. went C. ges D. wuld g
The teacher tld us that the earth ________ arund the sun.
A. ges B. went C. g D. ging
I dn’t knw ________ t d.
A. hw B. what C. which D. where
— What did she say?
— She said that she ________ the bk already.
A. reads B. read C. has read D. had read
过关二・能力提升
三、用所给词适当形式填空
She said that she ________ (g) t Shanghai the next week.
I dn’t knw if he ________ (cme) tmrrw.
The teacher said that water ________ (bil) at 100°C.
I think that she ________ (be) a gd teacher.
He asked me where I ________ (live).
四、单项选择
I dn’t knw ________ he will cme r nt.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
Culd yu tell me ________ ?
A. when des the train leave B. when the train leaves
C. when will the train leave D. when the train will leave
She said that she ________ t the park every Sunday.
A. ges B. went C. has gne D. g
I wnder ________ he is s happy tday.
A. that B. if C. why D. what
He asked me ________ I culd speak English.
A. that B. if C. what D. which
D yu knw ________ ?
A. what is his name B. what was his name
C. his name is what D. what his name is
She tld me that she ________ the film befre.
A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen
I dn’t knw ________ t get there.
A. what B. where C. hw D. which
The teacher said that water ________ at 100°C.
A. bils B. biled C. bil D. biling
Culd yu tell me ________ ?
A. wh is that man B. wh that man is
C. wh that man was D. wh was that man
过关三・综合突破
五、短文填空:填入恰当连接词
I still remember my first English teacher. She tld us ________ (36) English was very imprtant. She als said ________ (37) we shuld practice speaking every day. She asked us ________ (38) we liked English. Mst f us said yes.
One day, she asked us ________ (39) we wanted t be in the future. Sme students said they wanted t be dctrs. Others said they wanted t be teachers. She asked me ________ (40) I thught abut my future. I said I didn’t knw ________ (41) I shuld chse. She tld me ________ (42) I shuld fllw my heart.
Nw I understand ________ (43) she said. She wanted us t find ur wn dreams. I als understand ________ (44) it is s imprtant t have a gd teacher. She taught us nt nly English but als ________ (45) t be gd peple.原句类型
连接词
核心功能
陈述句
that
仅起连接作用,无词义,口语 / 非正式文体可省略
一般疑问句
if / whether
含义 “是否”,不可省略
特殊疑问句
连接代词:what /which/wh /whm/whse
在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语
特殊疑问句
连接副词:when /where/why /hw
在从句中充当时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式状语
使用场景
例句
搭配 r nt
I dn’t knw whether he will cme r nt.
作介词宾语
She is wrried abut whether she can pass the exam.
后接不定式 t d
I dn’t knw whether t g.
置于句首引导主语从句
Whether he will cme is still unknwn.
引导表语从句
The questin is whether he will cme.
类别
指代对象
从句成分
例词
连接代词
人 / 事物
主语、宾语、定语、表语
what, which, wh, whm, whse
连接副词
时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式
状语
when, where, why, hw
参考答案与详细解析
过关一・基础达标
一、连接词填空
that(陈述句作宾语)
if /whether(表是否)
if /whether(表是否)
where(提问地点)
what(作 ding 宾语)
which(表选择,哪一本书)
why(提问原因)
hw(提问出行方式)
that(陈述句作宾语)
whether(固定搭配 whether…r nt,不可用 if)
二、单项选择
A解析:wh 在从句中作表语,表 “身份是谁”;whm 只能作宾语,which 表选择,whse 表所属。
D解析:where 对地点提问,句意为 “最近的医院在哪里”。
B解析:if 引导宾语从句,含义 “是否”。
A解析:that 承接完整陈述句,无实义。
C解析:why 提问原因,“为什么没来上学”。
B解析:宾语从句用陈述句语序;语境为常态,用一般现在时。
D解析:主句 said 为过去时,the next day 对应过去将来时 wuld g。
A解析:地球公转是客观真理,永远一般现在时,主语三单用 ges。
B解析:d 缺少宾语,用 what;hw 只能作状语,不能充当宾语。
D解析:主句为过去时,already 表 “过去的过去”,用过去完成时 had read。
过关二・能力提升
三、词形填空
wuld g解析:主句 said 过去时,the next week 用过去将来时。
will cme解析:主句 I dn’t knw 为现在时,tmrrw 表将来,用 will cme。
bils解析:水的沸点是客观常识,一般现在时,主语 water 三单。
is解析:主句现在时,描述人物常态用一般现在时。
lived解析:主句 asked 为过去时,从句时态同步改为一般过去时。
四、单项选择
B解析:出现 r nt 只能用 whether。
D解析:陈述句语序;询问列车将要发车,用一般将来时 will leave。
B解析:主句 said 过去时,every Sunday 描述过去习惯性动作,用一般过去时 went。
C解析:why 提问原因,“为什么今天这么开心”。
B解析:if 引导宾语从句,表 “是否”。
D解析:宾语从句主谓顺置,正确语序 what his name is。
D解析:befre 表示 “在 tld 之前”,过去的过去,过去完成时 had seen。
C解析:句子主谓完整,缺少方式状语,用 hw。
A解析:水沸腾是客观事实,一般现在时 bils。
B解析:陈述句语序,描述当下人物,一般现在时。
过关三・综合突破(语篇填空)
that
that
if / whether
what
what
which
that
what
why
hw
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