初中英语新人教版八年级下册Unit1—Unit3知识点整理（2026春）

这是一份初中英语新人教版八年级下册Unit1—Unit3知识点整理（2026春），共19页。学案主要包含了核心短语，词性转换，重点句型，核心语法，拓展考点，满分作文，话题作文，单元话题积累等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【核心短语】
1.in fear 害怕，恐惧
2.take up 开始做某事，进入
3.give up 放弃
4.s far 到目前为止
5.get ver 克服（困难）
6.express feelings 表达感情
7.in return 作为回报
8.create an app 创建一个应用程序
9.a sense f achievement 成就感
10.spare-time activities 业余活动
11.deal with stress 应对压力
12.expect t d sth.期望做某事
13.dream f 梦想；渴望
14.teach me t play the guitar 教我弹吉他
15.nce in a while 偶尔；间或
16.make me feel happy 让我感到开心
17.g fr an uting 外出游玩；远足
18.spend hurs practising single strkes 花了好几个小时练习单个笔画
19.have a try 试一试
20.reduce stress 减轻压力
21.be up t sb.由某人决定
【词性转换】（考试高频变形）
1.ski v.滑雪→skier n.滑雪者 →skiing n.滑雪（运动）
2.prgram v.编写程序；n.程序→prgrammer n.程序设计员
3.express v.表达；adj.直达的→expressin n.表达；表情
4.instructr n.教练；指导者 →instruct v.指导；教授 →instructin n.指示；指导
5.scared adj.感到惊慌的 →scare v.使害怕；惊吓→scary adj.吓人的；可怕的
6.manage v.完成；管理 →management n.经营 →manager n.管理者
7.reduce v.减少；缩小 →reductin n.减少；降低
8.stress n./v.压力 →stressed adj.焦虑的；紧张 →stressful adj.有压力的
9.Italian adj./n.意大利人→Italy n.意大利（国家名）
10.allw v.允许 →allwance n.津贴；允许
11.sense n./v.感觉 →sensible adj.明智的；合理的
12.achievement n.成就 →achieve v.实现；获得
13.teenage adj.青少年的 →teenager n.青少年 →teens n.十几岁
14.freign adj.国外的→freigner n.外国人
15.suggestin n.建议→suggest v.建议；暗示
16.failure n.失败→fail v.失败；未能
17.inspire v.激励→inspiratin n.灵感；鼓舞 →inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的 →inspired adj.受启发的
18.surprisingly adv.惊人地 →surprise v./n.惊讶 →surprising adj.令人惊讶的 →surprised adj.感到惊讶的
19.imprtantly adv.重要地→imprtant adj.重要的→imprtance n.重要性
【重点句型】（写作&完形填空必背）
1.Teng Fei usually prgrams in his rm every evening.
滕飞通常每天晚上都在自己的房间里进行编程。
2.Yaming finishes his hmewrk and practices calligraphy after study.
亚明学习结束后会完成作业、练习书法。
3.Maya started cllecting pstcards when she was five.
玛雅五岁的时候就开始收集明信片了。
4.Emma used t be afraid f ice skating, but she practiced and nw she can skate very well.
艾玛过去害怕滑冰，但她不断练习，现在已经能够滑得非常自如了。
5.Why dn’t yu try calligraphy? It’s relaxing and helps yu learn abut Chinese culture.
你为什么不试试书法呢？书法既令人放松，又能帮助你了解中国文化。
6.Playing the guitar makes him prud because he can play fr friends.
弹吉他让他感到很自豪，因为他可以为朋友们演奏。
7.Maya feels happy when cllecting pstcards, because she can learn abut places all ver the wrld.
玛雅收集明信片时很开心，因为她能了解世界各地的风土人情。
8.What d yu d in yur free time? I play the flute t relax myself.
你在空闲时间做什么？我吹长笛放松自己。
9.Hw did yu spend yur weekend? I went t the sprts centre t g skating.
你周末怎么度过的？我去体育中心滑冰了。
10.Hw did yu take up painting? I saw my mther paint.I decided t have a try.
你是怎么开始画画的？我看妈妈画画，就决定试一试。
11.What did yur instructr say?She tld me nt t give up s easily.
你的老师说了什么？她告诉我不要轻易放弃。
【核心语法】动词不定式（t d）考点汇总
不定式基本结构：t+动词原形，部分情况省略t；无单复数、人称变化，不能单独作谓语
1.五种用法分类
①带t作宾语补足语常用动词：
ask/encurage/want/wish/tell/rder等
例：ask sb t d；encurage sb t d
②不带t作宾补 使役动词、感官动词后：
make/let/have；see/watch/ntice/hear/feel
例：make sb d；see sb d
③作目的状语 表动作目的，翻译“为了…”
例：get up early t catch the bus 早起赶公交
④作结果状语 固定结构：
enugh t d（足够…去做）；t…t d（太…而不能）
⑤作原因状语 放在happy/glad/sad等情绪形容词后，说明情绪缘由
例：I’m glad t see yu.
【拓展考点】
（1）不定式作宾语（高频动词分类背诵）
①打算、想要：want / wuld like / plan / hpe
②决定、计划：decide / make a plan
③努力、设法：try / manage
④同意、承诺：agree / prmise
⑤其他常用：learn / refuse / chse / frget / remember
（2）疑问词+不定式结构
不定式常和 what/when/where/hw/wh 等疑问词连用
例：when t start；hw t slve the prblem
（3）不带t不定式口诀
一感二听三让五看半帮助
一感：feel；二听：hear, listen t；三让：let, make, have；五看：see, watch, ntice, lk at, bserve；半帮助：help（可带t也可省t）
【满分作文】
My Relaxing Hbbies
Everyne has hbbies, and hbbies can help us reduce stress and make ur life mre clrful.I have many relaxing hbbies in my free time.
In the past, I was very shy and had few hbbies.Later, I tk up calligraphy in my spare time.At first, I was nt gd at it and wanted t give up.But my teacher encuraged me nt t stp practicing.I kept trying and finally I gt a strng sense f achievement.
Besides calligraphy, I als lve cllecting pstcards.It helps me learn abut different places and cultures arund the wrld.Once in a while, I g fr an uting with my parents n weekends.It makes me feel relaxed after a week’s study.
Hbbies are very imprtant fr us.They can help us deal with stress in ur busy schl life.I believe gd hbbies will always inspire me t becme a better persn.
Unit 2 Stay Healthy
【核心短语】
身体不适类
1.have a sre thrat 喉咙痛
2.have a stmachache 胃痛
3.have a tthache 牙痛
4.have a headache 头痛
5.have a backache 背痛
6.have a cut 割伤
7.have a fever 发烧
8.have a runny nse 流鼻涕
9.have a cugh 咳嗽
10.have a bruised knee 膝盖淤青
11.have the flu 得了流感
12.hurt neself 伤到自己
13.feel terrible / nt feel well 感觉不舒服
应对建议类
1.lie dwn and rest 躺下休息
2.drink sme water with hney 喝些蜂蜜水
3.see a dentist 看牙医
4.put smething warm n yur stmach 用暖物敷肚子
5.clean the area and cver it 清洗并包扎伤口
6.press dwn n yur nse 按住鼻子（止鼻血）
7.take sme medicine 吃药
8.drink enugh water 喝足量的水
9.rest at hme 在家休息
10.wear a mask 戴口罩
11.put sme ice n it 冰敷
12.g t the dctr 去看医生
安全防护类
1.put ut the fire 灭火
2.turn ff the stve 关掉炉子
3.use a fire extinguisher 使用灭火器
4.fall ff the bike 从自行车上摔下来
5.take care f neself 照顾自己
6.prtect neself 保护自己
7.keep urselves safe 保证自身安全
其余高频短语
1.suffer frm 受苦；受折磨
2.sit dwn 坐下
3.take ne's temperature 给某人量体温
4.prevent…frm… 防止……；阻止……
5.what's mre 更有甚者；更为重要的是
6.catch fire 着火
7.turn n 接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开
8.n way 不可能；没门
9.be abut t d sth.即将；正要（做某事）
10.stp suddenly 突然停住
11.first aid 急救
12.eat ut 上馆子吃饭；在外用餐
13.frm nw n 从现在起
14.flu seasn 流感季节
15.take gd care f his health 照顾好他的健康
16.in a panic 惊慌失措
17.pur the il int the pan 将油倒入平底锅中
18.nthing but 除了……都不是
【词性转换】（考试高频变形）
1.身体部位→病痛类名词
back → backache 背痛
head → headache 头痛
stmach → stmachache 胃痛
tth → tthache 牙痛
2.后缀 -less 变形
care → careless 粗心的
harm → harmless 无害的
pain → painless 无痛的
clur → clurless 无色的
3.人称代词→反身代词
my → myself 我自己
yur → yurself 你自己 / yurselves 你们自己
him → himself 他自己
her → herself 她自己
it → itself 它自己
ur → urselves 我们自己
them → themselves 他们/她们/它们自己
4.动词、形容词、名词互变
1.press v.压；按 → pressure n.压力
2.careless adj.粗心的 → carelessness n.粗心 → careful adj.仔细的（反义词）→ care n.关心
3.suffer v.受苦 → suffering n.痛苦 → sufferer n.患者
4.medicine n.药；医学 → medical adj.医学的；医疗的
5.descriptin n.描写 → describe v.描述
6.patient n.病人；adj.有耐心的 → patience n.耐心
7.injury n.伤害 → injure v.伤害 → injured adj.受伤的
8.illness n.疾病 → ill adj.生病的
9.clear adj.清晰的；v.清理 → clearly adv.清晰地
10.pain n.疼痛 → painful adj.疼痛的
11.brightness n.亮度 → bright adj.明亮的 → brightly adv.明亮地
12.envirnment n.环境 → envirnmental adj.环境的
13.crss v.穿越 → crssing n.十字路口
14.happily adv.快乐地 → happy adj.快乐的 → happiness n.幸福
15.burn v.燃烧 → burning adj.燃烧的 → burnt adj.烧焦的
16.quick adj.迅速的 → quickly adv.迅速地
17.safety n.安全 → safe adj.安全的 → safely adv.安全地
18.sadly adv.伤心地 → sad adj.悲伤的 → sadness n.悲伤
19.luckily adv.幸运地 → lucky adj.幸运的 → luck n.运气
20.badly adv.严重地 → bad adj.糟糕的
21.harm n./v.伤害 → harmful adj.有害的 → harmless adj.无害的
22.check v./n.检查 → checker n.检验员
23.nervusly adv.紧张地 → nervus adj.紧张的 → nervusness n.紧张
【重点句型】（写作&完形填空必背）
1.— What's wrng? — I ate t much last night.Nw my stmach aches.
怎么了？我昨晚吃得太多了。现在我的肚子疼。
2.Yu shuldn't eat s much next time.
下次你可别吃这么多啦。
3.What's the matter? I have a really bad tthache.
怎么了？我的牙齿疼得厉害。
4.Yu shuld see the dentist and get an X-ray.Yu culd eat sme sft fd fr nw.
你应该去看牙医并做一下X光检查。目前你可以吃些软食。
5.Hw did yu hurt yurself? I hurt myself when I fell ff my bike.
你是怎么受伤的？我是在从自行车上摔下来的时候受伤的。
6.Be mre careful next time.If we are nt careful, we can easily hurt urselves.
下次要更加小心些。如果我们不够小心，就很容易伤到自己。
7.Mr Liu knws hw t take care f his health because he used t be a dctr himself.
刘先生懂得如何保持健康，因为他自己曾经是一名医生。
8.I'm suffering frm a bad headache.
我正遭受着严重的头痛。
9.He turned n the stve and left the il t heat while he prepared the chicken.
他打开炉灶，让油在火上加热，同时开始准备鸡肉。
10.He was s clse t the pan that a flame jumped nt his shirt.
他离锅子太近了，以至于一缕火焰瞬间就烧到了他的衬衫上。
【核心语法】
1.情态动词 shuld / shuldn't / culd（表建议）
- shuld：语气强硬，表理应、必须做某事
结构：主语 + shuld + 动词原形
否定：主语 + shuldn't + 动词原形
例：Yu shuld take medicine fr yur fever.
Yu shuldn't eat sweet fd when yu have a tthache.
- culd：语气委婉，表委婉提议、可供选择的做法
结构：主语 + culd + 动词原形
例：Yu culd drink hney water fr a sre thrat.
Yu culd rest at hme instead f ging t schl.
2.反身代词
核心用法
1.作宾语：动作作用于主语自身
Dn't cut yurself with the knife.
He hurt himself when he fell.
2.作同位语：强调“亲自、独自”
She cked dinner herself.
We finished the wrk urselves.
固定搭配
1.enjy neself 玩得开心
2.take care f neself 照顾自己
3.hurt neself 伤到自己
4.by neself 独自
5.teach neself 自学
6.help neself (t sth.) 随便吃/取用
【话题作文】
写作思路
1.开头：点明健康与安全的重要性
2.主体：分点介绍保持健康、日常避险的具体做法
3.结尾：总结观点，发出倡议
高分范文
Hw t Stay Healthy and Safe
Health is the mst imprtant thing in ur lives.Withut gd health, we can't study r live happily.It's als necessary fr us t keep safe all the time.Here are sme useful suggestins.
First, we need t develp gd living habits t stay healthy.We shuld eat mre fruit and vegetables and drink enugh water every day.We had better stay away frm junk fd.Ding sprts regularly can als make us strng.When we feel sick, we must g t see a dctr in time and take medicine as tld.
Secnd, we have t pay attentin t safety in daily life.Be careful when we use fire r stves.If we get hurt accidentally, we shuld deal with the wund crrectly.When riding bikes, never ride t fast n the street.We must learn t prtect urselves all the time.
Health and safety are the base f a happy life.Let's take gd care f urselves frm nw n.
Unit 3 Grwing Up
【核心短语】
（一）动作&交际类
1.deal with 处理；对付
2.clear the air 尽释前嫌；消除隔阂
3.get acrss 解释清楚；传达
4.cut half 切成两半
5.put neself in sb’s shes 设身处地为某人着想
6.shut 把……封闭起来
7.let dwn 使失望
8.be hard n 对……苛刻严厉
9.take back 撤回；收回
10.pull tgether 齐心协力
11.g wrng 出问题；出错
12.shut at 冲……大喊
13.take a deep breath 深呼吸
14.wake up 醒来
15.aplgize t sb.向某人道歉
（二）情绪&状态类
1.feel blue 感到忧郁
2.n tp f the wrld 欢天喜地
3.all smiles 笑容满面
4.in lw spirits 情绪低落
5.in high spirits 情绪高涨
6.a heavy heart 心情沉重
7.a light heart 心情轻松
8.have a lng face 愁眉苦脸
9.lk n the bright side 乐观看待；往好处想
（三）其他高频短语
1.in future 今后
2.n purpse 故意地
3.s that 为了；以便
4.be prud f 为……骄傲
5.a bit 有点儿
6.plenty f 大量；充足
7.frm time t time 不时；偶尔
8.even thugh 即使；虽然
【词性转换】（考试高频变形）
1.emtin (n.情绪) → emtinal (adj.情感的)
2.upset (adj.沮丧的) → upsetting (adj.令人心烦的)
3.lnely (adj.孤独的) → lneliness (n.孤独)
4.shck (v./n.震惊) → shcked (adj.感到震惊的) → shcking (adj.令人震惊的)
5.advise (v.建议) → advice (n.建议，不可数)
6.hurt (v./n.伤害) → hurtful (adj.伤人感情的)
7.anger (n.怒火) → angry (adj.生气的) → angrily (adv.生气地)
8.frgive (v.原谅) → frgiving (adj.宽容的)
9.cmmunicate (v.) 交流 → cmmunicatin (n.) 交流
10.present (v.展示) → presentatin (n.展示；陈述)
11.pressure (n.压力) → press (v.按压；施压)
12.grw (v.) 成长 → grwth (n.) 成长；生长
13.decide (v.决定) → decisin (n.决定)
14.prud (adj.自豪的) → pride (n.自豪；骄傲)
15.repeat (v.重复) → repetitin (n.重复)
16.slve (v.解决) → slutin (n.解决办法)
17.jy (n.快乐) → jyful (adj.高兴的)
18.thank (v.感谢) → thankful (adj.感激的)
19.behave (v.表现) → behaviur/behavir (n.行为)
20.different (adj.不同的) → difference (n.差异) → differently (adv.不同地)
21.relax (v.放松) → relaxed (adj.感到放松的) → relaxing (adj.令人放松的)
22.nrmal (adj.正常的) → nrmally (adv.通常；正常地)
23.mean (v.意思是) → meaning (n.含义)
24.deep (adj.深的) → deeply (adv.深深地)
25.clear (adj.清楚的) → clearly (adv.清楚地)
26.encurage (v.) 鼓励 → encuragement (n.) 鼓励
27.independent (adj.) 独立的 → independence (n.) 独立
28.brave (adj.) 勇敢的 → bravery (n.) 勇敢
【重点句型】（写作&完形填空必背）
1.What makes yu upset?
什么事让你心烦？
2. I was shcked when I heard the news.
听到这个消息时我很震惊。
3.He really felt srry abut letting everybdy dwn.
他真的为让大家失望而愧疚。
4.Why dn’t yu talk t them t clear the air?
你为什么不和他们谈谈、消除误会呢？
5.Yu shuld put yurself in her shes and understand her feelings.
你应该设身处地为她着想，理解她的感受。
6.If yu did smething wrng, yu shuld say srry.
如果你做错了事，就应该道歉。
7.Yu can take a deep breath when yu feel angry.
生气时你可以深呼吸。
8.Try t lk n the bright side instead f staying in lw spirits.
试着乐观面对，不要一直情绪低落。
9.Dn’t shut yurself away when yu have truble.
遇到麻烦时不要把自己封闭起来。
10.Althugh yu argued, yu are still very clse friends.
虽然你们吵了架，但依旧是挚友。
11.Yu wn’t knw hw he feels until yu talk t him.
只有和他沟通，你才能了解他的想法。
12.Yu can write t yur parents s that they’ll knw hw yu feel.
你可以给父母写信，让他们了解你的心声。
13.It’s imprtant t learn frm yur mistakes s that yu dn’t repeat them in future.
吸取教训、避免再犯错误至关重要。
【核心语法】
1.让步状语从句（althugh/thugh/even thugh 虽然，尽管）
用法：引导让步关系，不与but连用
例句：Even thugh I made a mistake, I didn’t give up.
2.时间状语从句（until 直到……）
用法： 意为“直到……才”
例句：I didn’t calm dwn until I tk a deep breath.
3.目的状语从句（s that 以便，为了）
用法：从句常搭配 can/culd/will/wuld 等情态动词
例句：She cmmunicates with thers s that she can make mre friends.
4.条件状语从句（if 如果）
用法：遵循“主将从现”原则
例句：If yu feel stressed, yu can take a break.
【单元话题积累】
Hw t Manage Emtins While Grwing Up
Grwing up is a jurney full f different emtins.Smetimes we feel jyful, but we may als feel upset, lnely r mad.It is nrmal t have all kinds f feelings, but we must learn t deal with them prperly.
Last mnth, I had a quarrel with my best friend.I said sme hurtful wrds and let him dwn.After that, I stayed in lw spirits all day and dared nt talk t anyne.I even wanted t shut myself away.My teacher nticed my prblem and advised me t cmmunicate with my friend.She tld me t put myself in his shes and try t understand him.
I fllwed the advice.I tk a deep breath and said srry t him.Luckily, he chse t frgive me.We finally cleared the air between us.Frm this experience, I gt an imprtant decisin that I shuld cntrl my anger.
Nw I have sme useful ways t cheer myself up.When I feel bad, I chse t lk n the bright side.I never push myself t hard r shut at thers.I als learn t pull tgether with my friends when things g wrng.
Grwing up means learning t manage emtins.I will keep mving frward and becme a mre emtinal and thughtful persn.
数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself 我自己
yurself 你自己
himself 他自己 /herself 她自己 /itself 它自己
复数
urselves 我们自己
yurselves 你们自己
themselves 他们 / 她们 / 它们自己