北京市西城区2025—2026学年八年级下学期期中考试模拟题 英语（含解析）

这是一份北京市西城区2025—2026学年八年级下学期期中考试模拟题 英语（含解析），共17页。试卷主要包含了5分，共6分)等内容，欢迎下载使用。
（总分：60分 时间：90分钟）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
注意事项:
1.答题前，考生务必在答题卡上用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔填写自己的考生号、姓名。
2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题答案必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，改动后的答案也不能超出指定的区域;不准使用铅笔、涂改液和修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分
本部分共33题，共40分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。
一、单项填空(每题0.5分，共6分)
1．— ________ I take n this task?
— Of curse. Yu ________ feel free t turn t us if yu need help.
A．Shuld; canB．Must; shuldC．Can; shuldD．Can; can
2．________ is part f grwing up. We shuld face it bravely.
A．FailureB．SuccessC．HappinessD．Kindness
3．Yu shuld keep ________ and never give up.
A．tryB．tryingC．t tryD．tried
4．He is ________ in playing cmputer games.
A．interestB．interestedC．interestingD．interests
5．Grwing up ________ bth pains and gains. It’s a meaningful prcess.
A．bringsB．bringC．brughtD．bringing
6．Binhai New Area Library ________ in 2017. We are prud f it.
A．is builtB．was builtC．is buildingD．builds
7．We shuld learn ________ prblems in a right way.
A．deal withB．dealing withC．t deal withD．dealt with
8．I have experienced many difficulties, ________ I never give up.
A．sB．butC．andD．r
9．It’s imprtant fr teenagers ________ with their parents ften.
A．cmmunicateB．cmmunicatingC．t cmmunicateD．cmmunicated
10．It is a ________ memry. I dn’t want t remember it.
A．painfulB．cheerfulC．meaningfulD．wnderful
11．We keep ________ every day, s ur team is getting better and better.
A．practiceB．practicingC．t practiceD．practiced
12．I’m nt sure ________ he will cme tmrrw r nt.
A．thatB．whatC．whetherD．which
二、完形填空(每题1分，共8分)
阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
Jim lived in a lvely family with his parents. Hwever, everything 13 when he was fur years ld. That year, his parents left hme t find jbs in the city, leaving him alne at hme with his grandmther. He was lnely all the time. But luckily, his kind aunt 14 t take him t her hme.
Althugh his aunt was a very gd wman, she had fur f her wn children t take care f. S his aunt didn’t have enugh 15 t lk after him. His fur cusins were all lder than him. They needed t g t schl every day. S he 16 at hme alne and played by himself. After a lng time, he was silent (沉默的) and shy. He didn’t knw hw t talk with thers.
When he was at schl, he sat there withut saying anything. Our teacher fund his prblem and she 17 abut him s much. Then the kind teacher actively helped him learn t speak t thers. Besides, ur teacher encuraged us t 18 him as much as pssible. His first friend was me. I always remember that Jim’s face was 19 when he spke t me fr the first time. It’s s encuraging that he was changing little by little.
With the help f us, Jim has becme much mre utging than ever befre. We talk abut bks, sprts and mvies. Nw I knw the 20 f cmmunicatin. It can nt nly bring warmth, but als make a persn becme better.
13．A．happenedB．endedC．changedD．wrked
14．A．stppedB．fferedC．frgtD．remembered
15．A．timeB．mneyC．interestD．fairness
16．A．sleptB．dreamedC．stayedD．traveled
17．A．wrriedB．learnedC．arguedD．talked
18．A．hear frmB．lk atC．cmpare withD．cmmunicate with
19．A．rundB．lngC．blackD．red
20．A．pininB．imprtanceC．stressD．difficulty
三、阅读理解(每题2分，共26分)
仔细阅读下列信息，把Sam、Minnie和Eliza各自的困惑与相应的建议进行匹配，并将A、B、C、D填在相应的位置上。其中一个选项为多余选项。
Prblems and Advice
21.Sam 21
22. Minnie 22
23. Elisa 23
(二)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
B
D yu still remember the gd feelings yu experienced when yu did smething gd fr smene else? Perhaps it was the satisfactin f cleaning the garden fr yur neighbur, r the sense f happiness frm wrking at a lcal cmmunity, r the gratificatin (满足) frm dnating (捐献) t a gd cause. Or perhaps it was the simple jy f having helped ut a friend. One reasn behind the gd feelings is that it helps peple get clse t each ther. Science shws that helping thers can make yu feel gd. The key is t find the way that wrks fr yu.
Smene says, “If yu want happiness fr an hur, take a nap. If yu want happiness fr a day, g fishing. If yu want happiness fr a year, have a lng trip with yur friends. If yu want happiness fr a lifetime, help smebdy.”
Giving can feel great. And as we learn early, it’s better t give than t receive. The mre yu give, the mre yu get happiness.
Fllw these tips:
①Find yur passin. It’s nt hw much yu give. It’s hw much lve yu put int giving. Yu might care abut ne cause mre than thers, and that’s kay. Supprt the cause that feels right fr yu.
②Give yur time. The gift f time is ften mre valuable t the receiver, and mre satisfying t the giver, than the gift f mney. We dn’t all have the same amunt f mney, but we all have time.
③Give t grups with clear gals. Michael Nrtn, a prfessr at Harvard Business Schl, says that “If we tell the dnrs what we can d with their mney and hw their dnatins can help ther peple, they will get mre happiness.”
④Be active. Set aside time t serve yur cmmunity. Think abut yur chices, and find the cause and type f service that best match yur values.
24．The writer uses the examples t shw ________.
A．helping thers can bring happiness
B．ging fishing is a gd hbby
C．cleaning the garden is a gd chice fr a part-time jb
D．taking a nap is better than travelling with friends
25．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．We shuld care mre abut hw much we get.
B．Receiving is the best way t bring lng time happiness.
C．Giving mney is mre valuable than giving time.
D．Peple can feel happier when they have clear gals in dnating.
26．What is the main idea f the passage?
A．Be active, be healthier.B．Help thers, help yurself.
C．Wrk tgether, reach the gal.D．Save time, save mney.
C
While many peple see chres as necessary pains, there are science-based reasns t change yur thughts abut chres. It turns ut that ding chres is nt always in the ways that yu might think.
As researchers state here in a study, ding tasks which dn’t need a lt f effrt allws the mind t flat arund where it will. Yur mind gets a break and allws yu t cnsider ld prblems with new eyes. In fact, effrtless tasks create mre great ideas than difficult tasks r just resting. S, ding chres can lead t creative prblem-slving.
Chres are exercise snacks fr health. The phrase “exercise snacks” refers t small, even tiny, pieces f physical activity, such as standing fr a few minutes after sitting fr a while. Taking a tw-minute walk, r ding a chre like sweeping up the kitchen. Researchers have studied the effects f exercise snacks ranging (范围) frm 30 secnds, like walking up a flight f stairs, t 10 minutes, like washing dishes. Sme f the health effects include imprved memry, reduced risk f sme serius diseases, and lnger life.
Chres are related t ur mental (心理的) health. Cmpleting chres increases (增长) yur sense f self-efficacy, knwn as a persn’s belief that they have the ability and skills t reach their gals. Self-efficacy, which was first develped by Prfessr Albert Bandura in the 1970s, has been shwn t increase cnfidence, lw self-efficacy is cnnected with wrries, sadness and hpelessness, while higher self-efficacy is cnnected with life satisfactin, self-cnfidence, scial cnnectin and grwth mindset.
Ding chres can reduce stress. A small study frm Flrida State University explred whether the chre f dish washing culd reduce stress. Using a grup f 51 students, they discvered that dishwashers wh were asked t be mindful when washing dishes fcusing n the smell f the sap, the warmth f the water, and the feel f the dishes— reprted a decrease in nervusness by 27 percent and an increase in mental inspiratin by 25 percent. Chres that reduce the mess can als reduce stress.
S if yu’ve been thinking abut cleaning ut that junk drawer, d it. Yu’ll receive mre.
27．Accrding t Paragraph 2, the writer may agree that we can ________ by ding chres.
A．get less scialB．live a better life
C．becme mre inventiveD．change ways f exercise
28．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．We need t eat snacks after sweeping up the kitchen.
B．We can get a sense f achievement by ding chres.
C．Using the sap when washing dishes increases efficacy.
D．Ding chres every day decreases the creative thinking.
29．What’s the writer’s main purpse in writing this passage?
A．T explain why mst peple hate ding chres and ffer ways t make chres less tiring.
B．T intrduce the science-supprted advantages f ding chres and encurage peple t d chres.
C．T prve that ding chres like washing dishes is the best way t reduce stress and imprve creativity.
D．T teach readers hw t use different chres t increase self-efficacy and achieve life satisfactin.
D
It’s true: math is difficult. As a result, a lt f kids have prblems learning math at sme pint in their lives. Use these tips and tricks t slve math prblems mre easily.
Practice math in everyday situatins. Make math part f yur daily life s yu can practice it naturally. Fr example, if a sweater that’s usually $38 is n sale fr 30% ff, what is the sale price?
Use math in mind if yu can. Ding math in yur head can help yu remember key cncepts (概念). Sme prblems need a pencil and paper t get started; hwever, “+”, “－”, “×”, and “÷” are nes yu can d in yur head. If yu cme acrss an easy prblem, d it in yur mind first befre turning t a calculatr (计算器).
Review (复习) math cncepts every day. Practice makes perfect, and math is n exceptin. Set a study plan fr yurself and try t review yur math prblems fr 15 t 20 minutes per day. Yur skills will build up ver time, and yu dn’t need t try t hard!
Teach a math prblem r cncept t smene else. Learning by teaching smene is a great way t review cncepts. Invite a friend r family member. ______ If yu can’t mve n, review yur ntes r textbk again until yu can explain it clearly.
By building up yur skills and practicing every day, yu can make math easier and have a higher chance f success.
30．What is the answer t the questin in paragraph 2?
A．38×0.3=11.4B．38×0.3×2=22.8C．38× (1+0.3)=49.4D．38× (1.0-0.3)=26.6
31．Which f the fllwing is a tip fr remembering maths cncepts accrding t the text?
A．Never use a calculatr.B．Practice with a pencil and paper.
C．D math in yur head when pssible.D．Review math prblems fr hurs each day.
32．What can we put in ______?
A．They can make yu feel better.
B．They can teach yu and give sme advice.
C．Yu need t talk t smene abut yur wrries.
D．Then explain t them what yu’re ding and hw yu’re ding it.
33．Wh may be interested in the text?
A．Mike, a calculatr maker.B．Lisa, a math cmpetitin leader.
C．Mary, a university teacher teaching math.D．Tm, a middle schl student learning math.
第二部分
本部分共5题，共20分。根据题目要求，完成相应任务。
阅读表达(第34一36题每题2分，第37题4分，共10分)
阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。
Earth’s nearest neighbr—the Mn
The Mn is a satellite (卫星) f ur planet Earth, ne quarter f its size, and circling us nce every 27.3 days. Many planets have smaller bdies mving arund them. As the Mn circles ur planet, it gets lit up by sunlight. When it is nearer the Sun, mst f the side the Sun shines n cannt be seen frm Earth, s we see a crescent (新月). When it is far frm the Sun, we see the full mn.
N ne knws fr sure hw the Mn was created. The mst ppular thery says it is the result f a crash (撞击) between a bdy as big as the planet Mars and the Earth, that happened 4.6 billin years ag, abut 30-50 millin years after the frmatin (形成) f the slar system.
The Mn has influenced the Earth and the peple that live here fr thusands f years.
Althugh it nly prduces abut 1/6th f the gravity (重力) f Earth, the Mn’s gravity is still strng enugh t attract the waters f ur seas frm arund 250,000 miles distance-the Mn is what makes ur cean’s tides (潮汐).
Peple fr thusands f years have frmed theries that the Mn has an effect n peple and their lives. Cave paintings dating back 15,000 years shw primitive (原始的) man understd the Mn’s phases (位相). And Ancient Greeks thught that the Mn culd cause madness in persns. Even nw the Mn attracts artists, film-makers and musicians, and the Mn features in many films, sngs, literature and art-wrks.
34．When can we see the full mn?

35．What is the mst ppular thery that the Mn was created?

36．What makes the cean’s tides?

37．D yu expect t see a crescent? Why can we see a crescent?

五、文段表达(10分)
38.从下面两个题目中任选一题，根据所给的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50词的英语文段写作。文中已给出的内容不计入总词数。所给提示词语仅供选用。请不要写出真实的校名、姓名和地名。
题目①
“青山一道，共担风雨”。生活中麻烦和困难无处不在，幸有朋友始终陪伴在身边帮助我们。你的朋友又是如何陪伴与帮助你渡过难关的？请你写一篇短文，讲述你过去遇到过的一次困难，你的朋友是如何帮你渡过难关的，以及这件事后你有什么感悟？
提示词：weak, ill, advise, exercise, valuable
提示问题：1. What was yur difficulty?
2. Hw did yur friend help yu?
3. What have yu learned frm this experience?
Life is nt always full f smiles and flwers. Every persn has his wn difficulties.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Li Hua
题目②
爱好是心灵的摇篮，让我们在忙碌的生活中找到一份宁静与安好。爱好是人生的动力，激发我们不断前行，追求更好的未来。假如你是初二学生李华，你们学校英语公众号正在开展主题为“My Hbby”的征文活动，请你根据以下提示问题，用英语写一篇征文。
1. What is yur hbby?
2. Hw did yu develp it?
3. What benefits have yu gt frm it?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
AHell, I’m glad t get yur email. Fast fd is als my favrite. I smetimes g t KFC, t. Yu are verweight nw because yu eat fast fd t ften. That makes yu hate t d any sprt in PE class. T lse yur weight, yu have t eat mre vegetables and fruit every day. And yu must d mre sprts t keep yu fit. I think, in this way, yu’ll be ut f the truble sn.
BAs a student, we shuld use cmputers t dwnlad infrmatin frm Internet. We shuldn’t spend plenty f time playing cmputer games. I advise yu t jin sprts clubs instead. If I have time, I’ll invite yu t play basketball with us. I’m sure we can wrk tgether n the team. I think it’s imprtant fr us t learn t cntrl urselves in the daily lives.
CHell! Yu shuld talk t each ther abut yur life in English. It’s the best way t imprve yur English and enjy yurself! I als have sme prblems with English speaking. Yu’d better watch sme English mvies t imprve the skills f listening and speaking. Yu can als get yur ntebks and write dwn the wrds yu dn’t knw. Then lk them up in a dictinary.
DI think it’s t bad t sit in the same place fr a lng time. Instead, as teenagers, yu shuld spend mre time in the pen air. Yu’d better d all kinds f sprts utdrs. In this way, yu can keep in gd health and relax yurselves. It is gd t g climbing, swim in a pl, r jin sme utdr clubs. S it is very imprtant fr us t make a full plan fr ur spare time.
参考答案
1．D
【详解】句意：——我可以承担这项任务吗？——当然。如果你需要帮助，你可以随时向我们求助。
Shuld应该；can可以，能；Must必须。第一空，根据答语“Of curse”可知，此处是请求许可，应用can表示“可以”；第二空，表示允许对方随时求助，应用can表示“可以”。
2．A
【详解】句意：失败是成长的一部分。我们应该勇敢面对它。
Failure失败；Success成功；Happiness幸福；Kindness善良。根据后句“We shuld face it bravely.”可知，成长过程中需要勇敢面对的是失败，其他选项均为积极词汇，不符合语境，所以选Failure。
3．B
【详解】句意：你应该坚持尝试，永不放弃。
try尝试，动词原形；trying尝试，现在分词/动名词；t try去尝试，动词不定式；tried尝试，过去式。固定搭配keep ding sth. 意为“持续做某事”，keep后接动词-ing形式，应填trying。
4．B
【详解】句意：他对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。
interest兴趣，名词；使感兴趣，动词；interested感兴趣的，修饰人；interesting令人感兴趣的，修饰物；interests第三人称单数形式。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”，固定短语，且主语是人。
5．A
【详解】句意：成长带来痛苦和收获。这是一个有意义的过程。
brings带来；bring带来；brught带来；bringing带来。主语Grwing up是动名词短语，视为第三人称单数，且句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。
6．B
【详解】句意：滨海新区图书馆建于2017年。我们为此感到自豪。
主语Binhai New Area Library与动词build之间是被动关系，且时间状语in 2017表示过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态was built。
7．C
【详解】句意：我们应该学会用正确的方式处理问题。
根据“We shuld learn...”可知，learn后接动词不定式，即learn t d sth，意为“学会做某事”，这里需要一个动词不定式形式，t deal with处理（动词不定式）符合语境及语法要求。
8．B
【详解】句意：我经历了许多困难，但是我从不放弃。
s所以；but但是；and并且；r或者。根据前半句“经历许多困难”与后半句“从不放弃”可知，前后句意存在转折关系，应用表示转折的连词but。
9．C
【详解】句意：对青少年来说，经常与他们的父母沟通是很重要的。
“It’s+adj.+fr sb.+t d sth.”，意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，动词不定式是真正的主语，所以选t cmmunicate。
10．A
【详解】句意：这是一个令人痛苦的回忆。我不想记住它。
painful令人痛苦的；cheerful快乐的；meaningful有意义的；wnderful精彩的。根据“I dn’t want t remember it.”可知，我不想记住这段回忆，说明它是痛苦的。
11．B
【详解】句意：我们每天坚持练习，所以我们的团队变得越来越好。
固定搭配 keep ding sth. 意为“坚持做某事”，keep后接动名词形式。
12．C
【详解】句意：我不确定他明天是否会来。
that那；what什么；whether是否；which哪一个。根据“I’m nt sure”可知，此处表示不确定， nt意为“是否”，whether引导的是宾语从句。
13．C 14．B 15．A 16．C 17．A 18．D 19．D 20．B
【导语】本文讲述了吉姆原本与父母生活在幸福的家庭中，四岁时父母去城市找工作，他与奶奶单独在家，后被姑姑收养。但姑姑因有四个孩子需照顾，没时间管他，他变得孤独、沉默害羞，不知如何与人交流。后来在老师的帮助下，他逐渐变得外向，作者也认识到交流的重要性。
13．句意：然而，当他四岁的时候，一切都变了。
happened发生；ended结束；changed改变；wrked工作。根据下文“That year, his parents left hme t find jbs in the city, leaving him alne at hme with his grandmther. He was lnely all the time.”以及选项可知，此处表示一切都变了。故选C。
14．句意：但幸运的是，他善良的姑姑主动提出带他去她的家。
stpped停止；ffered主动提出；frgt忘记；remembered记得。根据“But luckily, his kind take him t her hme.”以及选项可知，此处表示主动提出带他去她的家。ffer t d sth“主动提议做某事”。故选B。
15．句意：所以他的姑姑没有太多时间照顾他。
time时间；mney钱；interest兴趣；fairness公平。根据前一句“Althugh his aunt was a very gd wman, she had fur f her wn children t take care f.”以及选项可知，此处表示没有太多时间照顾他。故选A。
16．句意：所以他一个人待在家里，一个人玩。
slept睡觉；dreamed做梦；stayed停留、待；traveled旅行。根据“ hme alne and played by himself”以及选项可知，此处表示一个人待在家里。stay at hme“待在家里”。故选C。
17．句意：我们的老师发现了他的问题，她非常担心他。
wrried担心；learned学习；argued争论；talked谈话。根据“Our teacher fund his prblem and him s much.”以及选项可知，此处表示她非常担心他。wrry abut“担心”。故选A。
18．句意：此外，我们的老师鼓励我们尽可能多地和他交流。
hear frm收到……的信；lk at看；cmpare with与……比较；cmmunicate with和……交流。根据前一句“Then the kind teacher actively helped him learn t speak t thers.”以及选项可知，此处表示鼓励我们尽可能多地和他交流。故选D。
19．句意：我总是记得吉姆第一次和我说话时脸都红了。
rund圆的；lng长的；black黑的；red红的。根据前文“he was silent (沉默的) and shy”以及选项可知，此处表示吉姆第一次和我说话时脸都红了。故选D。
20．句意：现在我知道了交流的重要性。
pinin意见；imprtance重要性；stress压力；difficulty困难。根据“With the help f us, Jim has becme much mre utging than ever befre.”以及选项可知，此处是指交流的重要性。故选B。
21．C 22．B 23．A
【导语】本文讲述了Sam、Minnie和Eliza各自的困惑以及一些建议。
21．根据“Sam: It’s hard fr me t learn English well and I need t imprve my English skills.”可知，对Sam来说学好英语很难，他需要提高英语技能。选项C“你好！你应该用英语相互交流自己的生活。这是提高英语水平并享受学习过程的最佳方式！我在英语口语方面也有一些问题。你最好看一些英语电影来提高听力和口语技能。你也可以拿出笔记本把不认识的单词记下来，然后在词典里查找它们的意思。”与之对应。故选C。
22．根据“Minnie: It’s s difficult fr me t g away frm my cmputer. I can’t cntrl myself.”可知，Minnie无法控制自己玩电脑。选项B“作为一名学生，我们应该利用电脑从互联网上下载信息。我们不应该花大量时间玩电脑游戏。我建议你参加体育俱乐部。如果我有时间，我会邀请你和我们一起打篮球。我相信我们可以在团队中共同努力。我认为在日常生活中学会自我控制对我们来说非常重要。”与之对应。故选B。
23．根据“Eliza: I’m verweight nw. I’m afraid that I can’t pass the physical exam this term.”可知，Eliza体重超标，担心自己这学期无法通过体检。选项A“您好，很高兴收到您的邮件。快餐也是我的最爱。我有时也会去肯德基。您现在体重超标是因为您太频繁地吃快餐了。这使得您在体育课上不愿意做任何运动。要减轻体重，您每天必须多吃蔬菜和水果。并且您必须多做运动以保持健康。我认为，通过这种方式，您很快就能摆脱困境了。”与之对应。故选A。
24．A 25．D 26．B
【导语】本文围绕“帮助他人能带来幸福感”展开，通过列举日常善举的例子引出核心观点，引用名言强调“给予比接受更快乐”，并给出四条实用建议，帮助人们找到适合自己的助人方式，收获长久幸福。
24．细节理解题。根据“Science shws that helping thers can make yu feel gd”可知，举例是为了证明“帮助他人能带来幸福”。故选A。
25．细节理解题。根据建议③“Give t grups with clear gals”及哈佛教授的话“If we tell the dnrs what we can d with their mney and hw their dnatins can help ther peple, they will get mre happiness.”可知，捐赠时目标明确，人们会更幸福。故选D。
26．主旨大意题。文章核心是“帮助他人能让自己收获幸福”，即“帮助别人，也是帮助自己”。故选B。
27．C 28．B 29．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要论述了做家务有科学依据的好处，包括促进创造性解决问题、有益健康、与心理健康相关以及减轻压力等，并鼓励人们积极做家务。
27．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“S, ding chres can lead t creative prblem-slving.”可知，做家务可以带来创造性的问题解决方法，即可以让我们变得更有创造力。故选C。
28．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Cmpleting chres increases (增长) yur sense f self-efficacy, knwn as a persn’s belief that they have the ability and skills t reach their gals.”可知，完成家务可以增加我们的自我效能感，即一种相信自己有能力达到目标的信念，这可以看作是一种成就感。故选B。
29．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“While many peple see chres as necessary pains, there are science-based reasns t change yur thughts abut chres.”以及后文对做家务的好处的论述可知，作者的主要目的是介绍做家务的科学依据的好处，并鼓励人们做家务。故选B。
30．D 31．C 32．D 33．D
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了轻松学数学的实用技巧，如日常应用、心算练习、每日复习和教他人讲解概念。
30．第二段最后一句“if a sweater that’s usually $38 is n sale fr 30% ff, what is the sale price?”，原价38美元，折扣是30% ff，应支付38×(1.0-0.3)=26.6。
31．第三段第二句“Ding math in yur head can help yu remember key cncepts (概念).”，在脑子里做数学运算(心算)可以帮助记住数学概念。
32．前文提到“邀请朋友或家人”，后文提到“如果你讲不下去，就复习笔记或教科书直到能清晰解释”，空处需要说明邀请朋友和家人之后做的事情。D项“向他们解释你在做什么和怎么做”，自然引出后文的结果。
33．根据第一段“a lt f kids have prblems learning math at sme pint in their lives. Use these tips and tricks t slve math prblems mre easily.”，目标读者是“学数学有困难”的学生。
34．When the Mn is far frm the Sun. 35．A crash between a Mars-sized bdy and the Earth. 36．The Mn’s gravity. 37．Yes. Because when the Mn is nearer the Sun, we can nly see part f its lit side frm Earth.
【导语】本文介绍了月球的基本信息、形成理论、对地球潮汐的影响以及人类对月球的认知和文化影响。
34．根据“When it is far frm the Sun, we see the full mn.”可知，当月球远离太阳时，我们看到的是满月。故填When the Mn is far frm the Sun.
35．根据“The mst ppular thery says it is the result f a crash (撞击) between a bdy as big as the planet Mars and the Earth”可知，最流行的理论认为月球是火星大小的天体与地球碰撞形成的。故填A crash between a Mars-sized bdy and the Earth.
36．根据“the Mn’s gravity is still strng enugh t attract the waters f ur seas frm arund 250,000 miles distance — the Mn is what makes ur cean’s tides (潮汐).”可知，月球引力引发海洋潮汐。故填The Mn’s gravity.
37．根据“When it is nearer the Sun, mst f the side the Sun shines n cannt be seen frm Earth, s we see a crescent (新月).”可知，新月出现是因为月球靠近太阳时，地球只能看到部分被照亮的月面。故填Yes. Because when the Mn is nearer the Sun, we can nly see part f its lit side frm Earth.
38．例文：
Life is nt always full f smiles and flwers. Every persn has his wn difficulties.
Once, I was extremely weak and fell ill frequently, which made me feel hpeless. My friend, Tm, nticed my situatin and came t my aid. He advised me t d regular exercise and shared healthy recipes with me. With his encuragement, I started t jg every mrning and eat mre nutritius fd. Gradually, I became strnger and healthier.
This experience made me realize that a friend’s supprt is truly valuable. They nt nly accmpany us thrugh tugh times but als help us find the way ut.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要时态为“一般过去时”；
③提示：写作要点已明确给出，需围绕“遇到的困难、朋友如何帮助、从中的感悟”这三个方面展开，注意不要遗漏提示词。
[写作步骤]
第一步：表明写作意图，引出主题。
第二步：详细描述遇到的困难，说明朋友是如何帮助自己的，讲述困难解决后的结果。
第三步：书写结语。表达感悟。
[亮点词汇]
①cme t ne’s aid帮助某人
②advise sb. t d sth.建议某人做某事
③with ne’s encuragement在某人的鼓励下
[高分句型]
①Once, I was extremely weak and fell ill frequently, which made me feel hpeless. (which引导非限制性定语从句)
②This experience made me realize that a friend’s supprt is truly valuable. (that引导宾语从句)
39．例文
My Hbby
My hbby is reading. It’s like a key that unlcks a wrld full f wnders.
I develped this hbby when I was in Grade 4. One day, my mther gave me a strybk as a birthday gift. At first, I read it just fr fun. But as I delved int thse pages, I was attracted by the vivid characters and amazing plts. Gradually, I started brrwing bks frm the schl library every week and spent my weekends lst in reading.
Reading has brught me numerus benefits. It bradens my knwledge, allwing me t learn abut different cultures, histries, and scientific discveries withut leaving my hme. Mrever, it imprves my writing skills. The beautiful wrds and diverse writing styles in bks inspire me t express myself better. When I face difficulties in life, the wisdm frm bks helps me stay psitive and find slutins.
In a wrd, reading is nt just a hbby fr me. It’s a lifelng cmpanin that enriches my sul.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态主要为“一般过去时”和“一般现在时”；
③提示：根据“提示问题”进行写作，可适当发挥，注意行文连贯，表述完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，开篇点题，明确爱好是什么；
第二步，具体阐述爱好养成的过程以及带来的益处；
第三步，书写总结语。
[亮点词汇]
①delve int深入探究
②numerus众多的
③enrich使充实
[高分句型]
When I face difficulties in life, the wisdm frm bks helps me stay psitive and find slutins. (When引导的时间状语从句)