2026年高考考前最后一课：英语试题

这是一份2026年高考考前最后一课：英语试题，共22页。

热点01 2026年“全民阅读活动周”——阅读中国，提高全民素养（P2）
热点02 2026年世界地球日——我们的力量 我们的星球（P6）
热点03 第二届人形机器人北京半马，“荣耀闪电”夺冠（P12）
热点04 张雪的机车梦，从泥泞小路到世界之巅（P15）
热点05 抗战胜利纪念日阅兵—激发爱国情怀（P16）
热点06 台湾光复纪念日—爱国统一民之所向（P19）
速查01 听力高考高频词汇（P21）
速查02完形填空高考高频词汇 （P30）
速查03 阅读理解高考高频词汇（P37）
速查04 语法填空高考高频词汇（P45）
速查05 高考应用文写作16个高频高级句式（P89）
速查06 应用文首尾段黄金句式18组36例（P93）
速查07读后续写精彩开头两大类23个句子（P97）
速查08读后续写情绪描写60句（P100）
速查09 读后续写情绪表达八大高分句式（P103）
速查10 读后续写十九类经典结尾句57例（P105）
速查11 读后续写五大类主题升华句20例（P109）
01 听力高分攻略14招（P110）
02 阅读理解高分攻略19招（P116）
03 阅读7选5高分攻略8招（P141）
04 完形填空高分攻略13招（P155）
05 语法填空高分攻略22招（P161）
06 提高应用文写作表达能力26招（P183）
07 读后续写关键6招（P191）
易错梳理01 最易写错的词形转换词汇73例（P192）
易错梳理02 最易写错的不规则动词28个（P195）
易错梳理03 易写错的规则动词变形21个（P197）
易错梳理04 易理解错的熟词生义108个（P198）
易错梳理05常考完形填空一词多义23例（P210）
易错梳理06 2025年高考中的复合词59个（P215）
压轴预测01 2026最可能考的10篇应用文（P218）
压轴预测02 2026最可能考的5篇读后续写（P225）
压轴预测03 2026最可能考的10篇阅读理解（P234）
压轴预测04 2026最可能考的5篇阅读7选5（P256）
压轴预测05 2026最可能考的5篇完形填空（P265）
压轴预测06 2026最可能考的5篇语法填空（P280）
高考考前最后一卷链接 ""
考前指导
2026年高考获胜第一步：培养健康心理（P288）
2026高三冲刺阶段英语怎么复习备考更高效（P289）
考中实战
2026高考英语规范答题七大提醒（P291）
考场中的十大答题技巧（P293）
考后疏导
聚焦可控因素：志愿填报（P294）
高考只是人生一站：建立“可控思维”和“成长型心态”（P295）
热点01 2026年在全国范围内
推动“全民阅读活动周”——阅读中国，提高全民素养
【热点解读】阅读周以全国范围内的阅读活动拉开帷幕——书展、读书沙龙、经典作品朗诵会……随着各地社区迎接中国首届全国阅读周（每年四月第四周举行），全国各地正举办丰富多彩的阅读主题活动。第五届全国阅读大会于周一在华东江西省省会南昌开幕，标志着这场为期一周的阅读推广活动正式拉开帷幕。
【命题预测】全民阅读将是2026年高考最可能考的热点
【命题方向】1.应用文写作 2.语法填空 3.阅读理解：纸质阅读和数字阅读
Reading week launches with natinwide reading events
Bk fairs, reading salns, recitatin f classic wrks... Diverse reading-related events are being held acrss China as cmmunities welcme the cuntry's first Natinal Reading Week, set fr the furth week f April every year.
The fifth Natinal Cnference n Reading, which pened Mnday in Nanchang, the capital f East China's Jiangxi Prvince, marks the fficial start f the week-lng campaign.
In Beijing, the 12th Reader Open Day set t be hsted by the Zhnghua Bk Cmpany n Wednesday will feature exhibitins n traditinal Chinese culture and talks by prminent authrs. Meanwhile, the China Written Wrks Cpyright assciatin annunced the "Tp 10 Mst Ppular Authrs and Wrks fr 2025," srted by fee incme and the frequency f article licensing usage.
The events cme as China's reading habits cntinue t evlve. A natinal survey launched by the Chinese Academy f Press and Publicatin and released at the event shwed that the cmprehensive reading rate amng Chinese adults reached 82.3 percent in 2025, up 0.2 percentage pints frm 2024.
The findings als shwed that the average number f bks read per persn, including bth print and digital frmats, reached 8.39 in 2025.
Accrding t the survey, China's mass digital reading market nearly dubled ver the past five years, grwing frm 30.25 billin yuan ($4.4 billin) t 59.48 billin yuan. Meanwhile, the ttal number f digital reading titles exceeded 70 millin, reflecting the grwing ppularity f nline platfrms. Last year, 80.8 percent f Chinese adult citizens reprted engaging in digital reading. A grwing number f peple turned t audibks and vide bk reviews, with the figures rising frm 38.5 percent and 5.7 percent in 2024 t 38.7 percent and 6.3 percent in 2025, respectively.
Hwever, paper bks retained their appeal, as 45.9 percent f Chinese adults still preferred physical bks t ther reading frmats. Meanwhile, in terms f cntent, literature was particularly favred.
It can be seen frm these figures that China's adult reading rate has shwn a steady upward trend, with the fundatin fr natinwide reading cntinuing t strengthen, Zhang Peng, a cultural researcher and assciate prfessr at Nanjing Nrmal University, tld the Glbal Times n Tuesday.
Despite the cnvenience f digital reading, peple's demand fr deep engagement, structured learning, and meaningful intellectual and spiritual enrichment remains strng, nted Zhang.
These trends reflect a steadily strengthening reading culture in China, with brader participatin in reading, deeper engagement amng readers, and the rapid integratin f digital reading int everyday life, Zhang said.
In 2025, the bk reading rate amng minrs in China reached 86.7 percent frm 86.6 percent in 2024. Average bk cnsumptin per capita rse t 11.72 vlumes, an increase f 0.07 bks cmpared with the previus year's 11.65.
It suggests that reading habits are becming mre diversified and accessible acrss age grups, including amng minrs, added Zhang.
……
"The launch f the very first Natinal Reading Week advances the gal f encuraging everyne t read, and it des s in an almst ceremnial fashin. Frm what I have bserved, the impact f this event is already significant: A genuine atmsphere f reading nw surrunds me in everyday life. This shws that reading is n lnger just a slgan r a passing trend, it is smething that truly tuches peple's hearts," Wang Ya, a Chinese writer and prfessr at Schw University, tld the Glbal Times n Tuesday.
Wang stressed that fstering a bk-lving sciety requires beynd reading events t cultivate lng-term reading habits, and eventually, t make reading a daily way f life. Only then will the fragrance f bks and the spirit f culture take rt in cmmunities.
"I lk frward t a time when everyne, in the bradest sense, becmes a true reader: Smene wh embraces bks, enjys learning, and sees reading as an essential, natural part f living," said Wang.
【写作可用的素材金句】
1.★★★（图表写作）Accrding t the survey, China's mass digital reading market nearly dubled ver the past five years, grwing frm 30.25 billin yuan ($4.4 billin) t 59.48 billin yuan. Meanwhile, the ttal number f digital reading titles exceeded 70 millin, reflecting the grwing ppularity f nline platfrms. 调查显示，中国大众数字阅读市场规模在过去五年间几乎翻了一番，从302.5亿元人民币（约合44亿美元）增长至594.8亿元人民币。与此同时，数字阅读书籍总数已超过7000万种，反映出在线平台的日益普及。
2.★★★（图表写作）Hwever, paper bks retained their appeal, as 45.9 percent f Chinese adults still preferred physical bks t ther reading frmats. Meanwhile, in terms f cntent, literature was particularly favred.然而，纸质书籍依然具有吸引力：45.9%的中国成年人仍更偏爱实体书籍而非其他阅读形式。在内容方面，文学作品尤其受到青睐。
3.★★★（图表写作）It can be seen frm these figures that China's adult reading rate has shwn a steady upward trend, with the fundatin fr natinwide reading cntinuing t strengthen.从这些数据可以看出，中国的成年人阅读率呈现稳步上升趋势，全国阅读普及基础持续巩固。
4.It suggests that reading habits are becming mre diversified and accessible acrss age grups, including amng minrs.这表明阅读习惯在各年龄群体（包括未成年人）中正变得日益多样化且易于普及。
5.★★★★★（观点类或活动报道类写作）The launch f the very first Natinal Reading Week advances the gal f encuraging everyne t read, and it des s in an almst ceremnial fashin. Frm what I have bserved, the impact f this event is already significant: A genuine atmsphere f reading nw surrunds me in everyday life. This shws that reading is n lnger just a slgan r a passing trend, it is smething that truly tuches peple's hearts.首届全国阅读周的启动旨在推动全民阅读，其举办方式几乎带有仪式感。据我观察，这一活动的影响已十分显著：如今我的日常生活中处处洋溢着浓厚的阅读氛围。这表明阅读已不再仅仅是一句口号或昙花一现的潮流，而是真正触动人心的活动。
6.★★★★★（建议类或问题解决类写作）Fstering a bk-lving sciety requires beynd reading events t cultivate lng-term reading habits, and eventually, t make reading a daily way f life. Only then will the fragrance f bks and the spirit f culture take rt in cmmunities. 要培育一个热爱书籍的社会，仅靠举办阅读活动是不够的；还需要培养长期的阅读习惯，最终让阅读成为日常生活的一部分。唯有如此，书籍的芬芳与文化的精神才能在社区中生根发芽。
7.★★★★★（观点态度类写作）I lk frward t a time when everyne, in the bradest sense, becmes a true reader: Smene wh embraces bks, enjys learning, and sees reading as an essential, natural part f living.我期待着这样一个时刻：从最广泛的意义上来说，每个人都能成为真正的读者——那些热爱书籍、享受学习，并将阅读视为生活不可或缺且自然而然的一部分的人。
【热点押题1】
你校英文报最近开设专栏讨论在数字化时代如何看待碎片化阅读。请以My Views n Fragmented Reading为题投稿，谈谈你的理解和看法。内容包括：
1．对碎片化阅读的理解；
2．简述利弊并表明你的态度。
注意：1．词数80左右；2．请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Views n Fragmented Reading
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【参考范文】One pssible versin:
Versin 1
My Views n Fragmented Reading
Nwadays, fragmented reading — scrlling thrugh shrt vides r brwsing brief articles — has becme increasingly ppular. In my pinin, this trend has bth advantages and disadvantages.
On the psitive side, fragmented reading saves time and allws us t acquire infrmatin quickly. With just a smartphne, we can access diverse knwledge anytime, anywhere. Hwever, the drawbacks are equally bvius. Cnstant expsure t shrt, scattered cntent weakens ur ability t fcus and think deeply.
Persnally, I believe fragmented reading shuld serve as a supplement, nt a substitute, fr traditinal in-depth reading. While it satisfies ur need fr quick infrmatin, we shuld als reserve time fr reading bks that require sustained attentin and reflectin.Versin 2
My Views n Fragmented Reading
Fragmented reading, characterized by scrlling thrugh shrt vides and brief articles, dminates ur daily lives. Frm my perspective, thugh cnvenient, this reading style des mre harm than gd.
Admittedly, fragmented reading ffers efficiency. We can grasp news highlights r learn practical tips within minutes. Yet the prblems cannt be ignred. Firstly, it fragments ur attentin span, making it increasingly difficult t cncentrate n lnger texts. Secndly, the infrmatin btained is ften shallw and discnnected, failing t build a systematic knwledge structure.
Therefre, my attitude is clear: while we may ccasinally benefit frm fragmented reading fr quick updates, we shuld priritize deep reading f cmplete wrks. Only by immersing urselves in bks can we truly develp critical thinking and gain prfund insights. Let’s nt sacrifice depth fr speed.
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以“My Views n Fragmented Reading”为题，给校英文报专栏投稿，谈谈对数字化时代碎片化阅读的理解，简述其利弊并表明自身态度。
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Persnally, I believe fragmented reading shuld serve as a supplement, nt a substitute, fr traditinal in-depth reading.
拓展句：Persnally, I hld the belief that fragmented reading shuld serve as a supplement, nt a substitute, fr traditinal in-depth reading.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Persnally, I believe fragmented reading shuld serve as a supplement, nt a substitute, fr traditinal in-depth reading.（运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句作believe的宾语）
【高分句型2】While it satisfies ur need fr quick infrmatin, we shuld als reserve time fr reading bks that require sustained attentin and reflectin.（运用了while引导的让步状语从句以及that引导的定语从句）
【热点押题2】假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的外国好友Jim正在参与一个关于“信息时代如何高效阅读”的研究项目，请你给他写一封邮件，分享你的观点。内容包括：
1.信息时代对阅读的影响；
2.你的阅读方式和理由。
注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
Knwing yu’re wrking n a prject abut efficient reading in the infrmatin age, I’m glad t share my views with yu.
In my pinin, the infrmatin age has bth advantages and disadvantages fr reading. On ne hand, we have easier access t a vast amunt f infrmatin. On the ther hand, the fld f infrmatin can easily distract us, affecting ur reading speed and understanding.
I prefer reading e-bks n my tablet because it’s cnvenient and allws me t carry a library wherever I g. Als, I use apps that help me rganize my reading list and set reading gals. I believe chsing the right tls and setting clear gals are key t efficient reading in this age.
Best regards
Li Hua
热点02 2026年世界地球日——我们的力量 我们的星球
【热点解读】今天是第57个地球日，这一节日旨在提醒人们保护我们的地球。与去年一样，今年的主题是“我们的力量，我们的星球”。该主题重点关注清洁能源，同时也提醒人们自己拥有应对气候危机的力量。
【命题预测】环境保护将是2026年高考最可能考的热点
【命题方向】1.应用文写作 2.阅读理解
Earth Day 2026: Reasns fr Cncern & Hpe
Every year, Earth Day rganizers arrange thusands f activities arund the glbe, and encurage thers t d the same. Huge numbers f peple take part. This year, ver 10,000 events are planned.
Sme activities are celebratins, and sme are meant t teach peple abut envirnmental prblems. Many thers, such as trash pickups and planting trees, are aimed at directly slving these prblems.
Reasns fr Cncern
In 2026, there are many reasns t feel like the Earth isn’t being prtected very well. US President Dnald Trump has pulled the US ut f the "httpsnewsfrkids.net/articles/2020/12/14/five-years-after-paris-deal-wrld-waits-fr-actin/" Paris Climate agreement. His gvernment is rapidly "https://newsfrkids.net/articles/2026/02/17/us-reverses-majr-climate-rule/" reversing many effrts t tackle the climate crisis. Mr. Trump’s gvernment has als been prmting fssil fuels and "https://newsfrkids.net/articles/2025/08/27/trump-stps-wind-prject-thats-80-cmplete/" attacking renewable energy surces.
Outside the US, ther cuntries are falling behind n their prmises t cut carbn emissins. Last year, carbn emissins frm fssil fuels were at a recrd high. It was als the third httest year ever recrded n Earth.
Wars arund the wrld are als causing serius envirnmental prblems. Large wars like "httpsnewsfrkids.net/articles/2026/02/24/fur-years-f-war-in-ukraine-us-iran-tensins/" Russia’s war n Ukraine, the war in Sudan, and the "https://newsfrkids.net/articles/2026/04/07/iran-war-after-5-weeks-threats-peace-effrts/" US and Israel’s war with Iran dn’t nly cause waste, death, and destructin. They als release huge amunts f pllutin f many kinds.
The first 14 days f the Iran war led t 5 billin metric tns f carbn emissins. That’s 10% f the amunt nrmally created by the entire planet in a year. The Iran war has als led t il spills, and ther serius pllutin.
Reasns fr Hpe
Despite thse cncerns, great prgress is still being made. China lwered its emissins last year. China is using less cal, and leads the wrld in slar and wind pwer. N cuntry has sld mre electric vehicles than China. Rughly half f the new cars sld in China are electric.
The wrld is using mre electricity than ever befre. But nw, renewable surces are supplying almst all f the extra needed pwer. Slar energy grew by 30% last year, and is nw supplying mre energy than ever befre. Battery strage, which allws slar t be used even at night, grew by ver 40% last year.
And renewable energy surces cntinue t get cheaper and cheaper. Fr this reasn, renewable energy cntinues t grw, even in places where the gvernment is nt encuraging it, like the US.
This year’s Earth Day theme is a reminder that “pwer” means mre than just clean energy. There is als pwer in the simple chices we make – ur daily effrts and actins. Our cmbined effrts can be the mst pwerful frce fr keeping ur planet healthy.
【写作可用的素材金句】
1.★★★★★（活动类）Sme activities are celebratins, and sme are meant t teach peple abut envirnmental prblems. Many thers, such as trash pickups and planting trees, are aimed at directly slving these prblems.有些活动是庆祝活动，有些则是为了向人们普及环境问题的相关知识；而许多其他活动（如清理垃圾和植树）则旨在直接解决这些问题。
2.★★★★★（建议类）This year’s Earth Day theme is a reminder that “pwer” means mre than just clean energy. There is als pwer in the simple chices we make – ur daily effrts and actins. Our cmbined effrts can be the mst pwerful frce fr keeping ur planet healthy.今年地球日的主题提醒我们：“力量”并不仅仅指清洁能源；我们所做的简单选择——日常的努力与行动——同样蕴含着力量。正是我们共同努力，才能成为保护地球健康最强大的力量。
【热点押题1】为了提升环保意识，你校高三年级于上周六组织了“绿色远足”活动。假设你是校报记者，请为此次活动撰写一篇新闻报道。内容包括：
1.活动目的；
2.过程与内容；
3.呼吁同学们积极参与环保行动。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Hiking fr the Envirnment: Learning by Ding
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【参考范文】
Hiking fr the Envirnment: Learning by Ding
Last Saturday, in rder t enhance students’ envirnmental awareness, ur schl’s Senir Three rganized a “Green Hike” activity.
Starting frm schl, the students carried reusable bttles and clth bags fr ec-friendliness. Walking t a nearby nature reserve, the students picked up litter alng the path, seeing firsthand hw littering harms the envirnment. Teachers als intrduced lcal plants and animals, explaining their prtectin needs.
This activity was great — the students exercised while learning abut nature. Clse cntact and cleaning made the students care mre abut the envirnment. Schls shuld rganize mre such activities t fster students’ envirnmental awareness and respnsible actins. Meanwhile, we sincerely hpe that all students will actively participate in such activities.
【热点押题2】假如你是李华，你的外国朋友Chris报名参加了“世界地球日”海报设计大赛，他创作了两个版本（见下图），向你征求意见。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1．你的选择；
2．说明理由。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
Glad t hear yu’re participating in the Wrld Earth Day pster cntest!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】Pssible Versin 1
Dear Chris,
Glad t hear yu’re participating in the Wrld Earth Day pster cntest! Between the tw versins, I highly recmmend the first ne, “There is n Planet B.”
I prefer this design fr tw main reasns. Visually, the pster features a crying and sweating Earth, with factry chimneys emitting txic smke n its tp. It vividly highlights the severe envirnmental crises we are facing, such as glbal warming and air pllutin. Mre imprtantly, the slgan itself is brilliant. By cleverly playing n the phrase “Plan B”, it sends a pwerful warning t the public: ur planet is irreplaceable, and we have n backup hme t escape t. Therefre, we must stp the destructin befre it’s t late.
I believe this thught-prvking pster will surely leave a lasting impressin n the judges. Best f luck!
Yurs,
Li HuaPssible Versin 2
Dear Chris,
Glad t hear yu’re participating in the Wrld Earth Day pster cntest! Bth versins are fantastic, but I favr the secnd ne, “OUR ACTIONS, OUR FUTURE.”
What makes this pster stand ut is the perfect cmbinatin f its image and slgan. In terms f the image, it presents a hpeful scene where a pair f hands gently hlds the Earth. On tp f the glbe, leafy trees and a bright sun vividly symblize a green, sustainable future. Mrever, the slgan perfectly matches the drawing. Written entirely in bld capitals, the wrds create a strng impact, cnveying a highly psitive message that the destiny f ur planet literally lies in ur wn hands.
I’m sure this inspiring design will shine in the cntest and mtivate mre peple t take cncrete ec-friendly actins. Gd luck!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【热点押题3】阅读理解
Fr decades, scientists have mnitred nly a narrw range f chemical pllutants in the envirnment. Yet the mdern wrld cntains thusands f industrial cmpunds, frm industrial catings t husehld cleaners, and mst have never been systematically tested fr safety. T discver what else might be hidden in nature, researchers are turning t sme unexpected assistants: sea lins, cndrs (加州秃鹰), alligatrs (短吻鳄) and ther animals.
These creatures act as “sentinel species,” meaning they can ffer insight int the invisible chemistry f their surrundings. Because they live lng lives and ccupy the tp f fd webs, pllutants tend t build up in their tissues. By studying their bld, feathers, r rgans, scientists can detect nt nly familiar pllutants such as PCBs and flame retardants but als entirely new chemical families that had previusly gne unnticed.
A technique knwn as nn-targeted analysis allws researchers t search fr all chemical cmpunds within an animal sample rather than searching fr ne pllutant at a time. Using this pen-ended methd, teams have identified hundreds f chemicals in wild animals — many came frm industrial prducts, plastics, and husehld cleaners. Each finding helps map hw mdern pllutants travel thrugh air, water, and fd chains.
In Califrnia, cndrs that feed n marine carcasses carry signs f chemicals transprted frm the cean. Alligatrs in Flrida reveal pllutants leaking frm factries and wastewater systems. These results serve as a warning: pllutin is nt limited t cities r industrial znes but spreads acrss ecsystems and species, including humans.
Scientists argue that this brader apprach culd reshape hw envirnmental mnitring is dne. Rather than reacting t ne chemical crisis after anther, researchers can nw build a cmprehensive picture f eclgical health. As ne bilgist said, “When wildlife tells us smething is wrng, it’s nt just abut them — it’s abut the planet we share.” The message is bth scientific and mral: prtecting nature’s warning species means prtecting urselves.
1．What des the underlined phrase “sentinel species” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Pllutant indicatrs.B．Waste cllectrs.
C．Chemical prducers.D．Husehld cleaners.
2．Why des the authr mentin cndrs and alligatrs in paragraph 4?
A．T cmpare their dietary patterns in the wild.
B．T prve harmful substances differ in varius regins.
C．T explain the link between diet and chemical expsure.
D．T emphasize pllutants can travel thrugh varied habitats.
3．What can be inferred abut the brader apprach in the last paragraph?
A．It helps reslve envirnmental crises effectively.
B．It replaces the existing pllutin mnitring methds.
C．It prvides an integrated view f envirnmental prblems.
D．It judges wildlife’s living cnditins thrugh human behavir.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Hw Humans Prtect the Warning Species
B．Hw Animals Accumulate Industrial Pllutants
C．Hw Humans Benefit frm Wildlife Mnitring
D．Hw Animals Help Scientists Track Dwn Pllutants
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了动物如何帮助科学家追踪污染物及相关情况。
1．词句猜测题。根据第二段中“These creatures act as “sentinel species,” meaning they can ffer insight int the invisible chemistry f their surrundings. Because they live lng lives and ccupy the tp f fd webs, pllutants tend t build up in their tissues. By studying their bld, feathers, r rgans, scientists can detect nt nly familiar pllutants such as PCBs and flame retardants but als entirely new chemical families that had previusly gne unnticed.(这些生物充当“sentinel species”，它们能帮助人类了解周遭环境中肉眼无法察觉的化学物质状况。由于这类生物寿命较长，且处于食物链顶端，污染物容易在它们的体内组织中不断累积。通过研究它们的血液、羽毛或器官，科学家不仅能检测出多氯联苯、阻燃剂等常见污染物，还能发现以往从未被留意到的全新化学物质类别。)”可知，这些生物能指示污染物，sentinel species指的是“能指示污染物的物种”，即“污染物指示者”。故选A。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段中“In Califrnia, cndrs that feed n marine carcasses carry signs f chemicals transprted frm the cean. Alligatrs in Flrida reveal pllutants leaking frm factries and wastewater systems.(在加利福尼亚州，以海洋动物尸体为食的加州秃鹰携带着从海洋中运输过来的化学物质的迹象。佛罗里达州的短吻鳄揭示了工厂和废水系统泄漏的污染物。)”可知，作者提到加州秃鹰和短吻鳄是为了强调污染物可以通过不同的栖息地传播。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Scientists argue that this brader apprach culd reshape hw envirnmental mnitring is dne. Rather than reacting t ne chemical crisis after anther, researchers can nw build a cmprehensive picture f eclgical health.(科学家们认为，这种更广泛的方法可能会重塑环境监测的方式。研究人员现在可以构建一个全面的生态健康图景，而不是对一个又一个的化学危机做出反应。)”可推知，这种更广泛的方法为环境问题提供了一个综合的视角。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“T discver what else might be hidden in nature, researchers are turning t sme unexpected assistants: sea lins, cndrs (加州秃鹰), alligatrs (短吻鳄) and ther animals.(为了发现自然界中还隐藏着什么，研究人员求助于一些意想不到的助手：海狮、加州秃鹰、短吻鳄和其他动物。)”可知，本文主要讲述了动物如何帮助科学家追踪污染物，所以D项“Hw Animals Help Scientists Track Dwn Pllutants(动物如何帮助科学家追踪污染物)”适合作为本文标题。故选D。
热点03 中国人工智能机器人迅猛发展
——第二届人形机器人北京半马，“荣耀闪电”夺冠
【热点解读】第二届人形机器人半程马拉松比赛于周日在北京电子城举行。共有100多支机器人队伍参赛，其中包括五支国际队伍。官方数据显示，共有26个品牌、超过300台人形机器人参与角逐。据中国传媒集团（CMG）报道，荣耀战队派出的遥控机器人“闪电”率先冲过终点线，用时48分19秒。然而根据赛事的加权评分规则，另一支荣耀战队派出的自主导航机器人“闪电”以50分26秒的净用时夺得冠军。
【命题预测】人工智能科技将是2026年高考最可能考的热点
【命题方向】1.应用文写作 2.阅读理解
Secnd humanid rbt half marathn pens in Beijing with ver 100 teams;
Hnr 'Lightning' wins in 50 minutes, 26 secnds
The secnd humanid rbt half marathn tk place in Beijing E-Twn n Sunday. Mre than 100 rbt teams participated, including five internatinal teams. A ttal f 26 brands and mre than 300 humanid rbts cmpeted, fficial data shwed.
A remtely cntrlled "Lightning" rbt frm ne Hnr team was the first t crss the finish line, clcking 48 minutes and 19 secnds, accrding t China Media Grup (CMG). Under the event's weighted scring rules, hwever, an autnmus-navigatin "Lightning" rbt frm anther Hnr team wn the title with a net time f 50 minutes and 26 secnds.
The imprvement was dramatic. At the 2025 Wrld Humanid Rbt Games, the winning rbt, Tiangng Ultra, cmpleted the race in 2 hurs, 40 minutes and 42 secnds, accrding t CMG.
Rbts that participated the event include Hnr's Yuanqi Zai and Lightning, Unitree's H1, Tiangng 1.0 Ultra, Tiangng Ultra-2026, Tiangng Ultra-2025 and Netix Rbtics' B2.
Experts said that while the inaugural event fcused mre n validating technical feasibility, this year's cmpetitin emphasizes the industry's verall maturity. The cntest has shifted frm shwcasing islated technical breakthrughs t testing end-t-end capabilities, as related technlgies mve ut f labratries and tint mre cmplex, real-wrld applicatin scenaris — a sign that the sectr is evlving frm prving whether it can be dne t cmpeting ver hw well it can be dne, they nted.
Glbal Times reprters n-site bserved a marked leap in bth speed and running psture amng humanid rbts cmpared with the inaugural event. Crwds repeatedly gasped as the machines sprinted past, visibly struck by their pace and fluidity. In cntrast t last year, when many rbts struggled t maintain balance at the start, nearly all entrants this year executed clean, stable takeffs.
Accrding t the participating cmpanies, the humanid rbts entered in this year's race have undergne majr upgrades frm the previus editin, including imprvements in terrain adaptability, endurance and anti-interference capabilities.
Beijing Humanid Rbt Innvatin Center C's embdied Tiangng ULTRA-2026, winner f the 100-meter title at the 2025 Wrld Humanid Rbt Games, has returned t the track with a fcus n high-speed running, cmplex-terrain adaptatin, autnmus navigatin and strng anti-interference capabilities, accrding t the cmpany.
Hnr, the first cnsumer device maker t field a humanid rbt half-marathn runner, brught its self-develped Lightning rbt, which stands 1.69 meters tall and features a mecha-style design built fr explsive speed.
Sngyan Dynamics, runner-up in the previus editin, has sent six autnmus-navigatin teams and six remte-cntrlled teams, all equipped with its self-develped full-size humanid rbt B3, which stands abut 2 meters tall and uses a 72-vlt high-vltage platfrm and a water-cled mtr system, the cmpany tld the Glbal Times in a statement.
Als, Unitree's H1 rbt, which psted multiple strng results at the 2025 Wrld Humanid Rbt Games, has been ptimized fr lng-distance racing with upgrades t endurance, gait-cntrl algrithms and anti-interference perfrmance.
On April 11, Unitree released a vide shwing the H1 running 100 meters at a speed f 10 meters per secnd — clse t the peak human sprint speed f 10.44 meters per secnd set by Jamaican legend Usain Blt during his 9.58-secnd wrld-recrd run.
The event is abut five times the size f the inaugural editin and, fr the first time, has attracted five internatinal teams frm cuntries including France, Germany and Brazil.
【热点押题】建议信——考查思辨
假定你是李华，你的英国好友Mike发现很多同学借助AI直接生成作文，他对此感到困惑，写信询问你的看法。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
(1) 你的态度；
(2) 你的建议。
注意：
(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mike,
I hpe this email finds yu well. Thank yu fr sharing me with yur wrries abut using AI fr English essays. After careful cnsideratin, here is what I think.
While AI bsts efficiency and language skills, relying t heavily n it risks slwing yur grwth. Fr ne thing, writing isn’t just creating text — it’s a jurney t develp critical thinking, creativity, and self-expressin. Fr anther, letting AI draft essays fr yu takes away chances t prmte yur ability t imprve vcabulary and plish sentences. Therefre, it is strngly recmmended that yu shuld rganize yur ideas first, and then turn t AI fr grammar checks r inspiratin, which enables yu t develp skills while using tech’s benefits. Never frget: AI amplifies yur ptential but can’t replace yur riginality.
Stay curius, and trust yur ptential! Feel free t discuss it further.
Yurs,
Li Hua
热点04 张雪的机车梦，从泥泞小路到世界之巅
【热点解读】2026年3月29日，在世界超级摩托车锦标赛（WSBK）葡萄牙站比赛中，中国摩托车品牌“张雪机车”以绝对优势包揽双回合冠军，打破了欧美日品牌长达数十年的垄断。当法国车手驾驶着中国制造的赛车高举五星红旗时，远在重庆观赛的品牌创始人张雪热泪盈眶。张雪的逆袭是一部不折不扣的奋斗史。14岁时，家境贫寒的他辍学成为修车学徒，双手沾满洗不掉的黑机油；19岁那年，为了争取一次在电视上展示车技的机会，他冒雨骑行一百多公里死缠烂打地追赶节目组。在造车路上，他砸上全部身家坚持自主研发四缸发动机，只为不再被国外品牌“卡脖子”。爆火之后，面对暴增的订单和投资诱惑，他依然保持清醒，甚至立下了一条商业上“不划算”的规矩：绝不把大排量机车卖给驾龄不满一年的新手。张雪用20年的热爱与执着证明：真正撑住一个人的，从来不是运气和天赋，而是死心塌地的热爱。
【命题预测】有贡献的著名人物将是2026年高考最可能考的热点
【命题方向】语法填空
Zhang Xue, a trailblazer wh made histry in the wrld f mtrcycling has brken Eurpean and American dminance in the internatinal mtrcycle racing scene, becming a surce f pride fr Chinese sprts.
Her jurney t success was nt easy. She faced cuntless challenges and dubts, but never let them stp her. With unwavering passin and relentless training, she pushed the limits f what was thught pssible. On the track, Zhang Xue shws extrardinary skill, curage, and fcus. Every turn, every acceleratin, reflects her years f hard wrk and dedicatin. She didn’t just cmpete—she redefined what a Chinese female rider can achieve.
By creating histry, Zhang Xue prves that with perseverance and belief, n barrier is insurmuntable. She is nt nly a racing champin but als an inspiratin fr yung peple t chase their dreams, regardless f the dds. Zhang Xue’s stry reminds us that greatness lies in curage, perseverance, and the curage t challenge the status qu. She has paved the way fr mre Chinese athletes t shine n the glbal stage.Let’s celebrate Zhang Xue— an innvatr, a champin, and a true pineer in mtrcycling histry.
【译文】
张雪，这位在摩托车界创造历史的开拓者，打破了欧美选手在国际摩托车赛事中的垄断地位，成为中国体育的骄傲。
她的成功之路并不平坦。她面临无数挑战与质疑，却从未因此止步。凭借坚定不移的热爱与不懈训练，她不断突破可能的极限。在赛道上，张雪展现出超凡的技术、勇气与专注力。每一个弯道、每一次加速，都折射出她多年的汗水与奉献。她不只是参赛 —— 她重新定义了一名中国女车手所能达到的高度。
通过创造历史，张雪证明：只要有毅力与信念，没有无法逾越的障碍。她不仅是赛车冠军，更是激励年轻人不畏艰难、追逐梦想的榜样。张雪的故事提醒我们：伟大源于勇气、毅力，以及敢于挑战现状的魄力。她为更多中国运动员在国际舞台上绽放光芒铺平了道路。让我们为张雪喝彩 —— 一位革新者、一位冠军，更是摩托车运动史上真正的先驱。
【热点押题】
In China, where career success is cmmnly linked t strng educatinal backgrunds, the recent achievements f Zhang Xue -- 1.________（fund）f ZXMOTO -- stand ut even mre strikingly.
At merely 39, Zhang, a middle schl drput, has gne frm a repair shp apprentice t a figure rewriting China's mtrsprt histry, 2.________ ne f his mtrcycles securing tw victries at the Prtuguese rund f the Superbike Wrld Champinship (WSBK) a week ag, tppling decades f Eurpean 3.________ Japanese dminance.
In a race 4.________ every tenth f a secnd cunts, the ZXMOTO mtrcycle thundered past the finish line, 5.________（leave）its nearest rival nearly fur secnds behind.
The feat went viral n the Chinese scial media platfrm Weib, racking up mre than 50 millin 6.________（view）in just ne week. Yet the sensatin was abut mre than the victry itself; it was abut the man wh made 7.________ all happen.
While many have marveled at Zhang's cmmand f the machine, a skill hned frm humble beginnings, his stry has sparked nline discussins abut the grwing imprtance f practical expertise, the very kind that vcatinal educatin seeks t cultivate, in China's 8.________（rapid）evlving ecnmy.
Back in his teens, Zhang 9.________（start）his career frm a repair shp, where he ften immersed himself in engines, his hands slick with grease. By 22, he culd assemble an engine blindflded in less than an hur n a televisin shw.
That apprenticeship gave him insights n 10.________（engineer）degree culd. He learned every way a mtrcycle culd break dwn.
【答案】1.funder 2.with 3.and 4.where 5.leaving 6.views 7.it 8.rapidly 9.started 10.engineering
【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了张雪的成长经历。
1.funder考查词形转换。 在中国，职业成功通常与良好的教育背景密切相关，而 ZXMOTO 创始人张学近期取得的成就显得尤为突出。此处意为：创始人。故填funder。
2.with考查介词的用法。 此处是with+名词+现在分词的结构。故填with。
3.and考查并列连词。 此处Eurpean和Japanese之间是并列关系。故填and。
4.where考查定语从句。此处a race是先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
5.leaving考查现在分词作状语。此处现在分词短语作结果状语。故填leaving。
6.views考查名词复数。这一壮举在中国社交媒体平台微博上引发病毒式传播，短短一周内观看量就突破5000万次。此处指观看量，根据句意可知，填views。
7.it考查代词。此处it指张雪成功这件事。故填it。
8.rapidly考查词形转换。修饰动词evlving用副词的形式，故填rapidly。
9.started考查动词时态。根据前面的时间状语Back in his teens青少年时期，可知，用一般过去时。故填started。
10.engineering考查词形转换。这段学徒经历让他获得了普工程学位无法提供的深刻见解。他掌握了摩托车各种故障的排查方法。此处工程学位，用engineering的形式。故填engineering。
热点05 抗战胜利纪念日阅兵—激发爱国情怀
【热点解读】2025年9月3日，中国在北京举行盛大的军事阅兵式，以纪念中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。本次阅兵的主题为“铭记伟大胜利，弘扬和平与发展”，旨在帮助民众铭记历史、缅怀英雄、珍视和平，并激励年轻一代。
【命题预测】重大活动将是2026年高考最可能考的热点
【命题方向】语法填空
On September 3, 2025, China will hld a great military parade in Beijing. It is t mark the 80th anniversary f the victry in the Chinese Peple's War f Resistance Against Japanese Aggressin and the Wrld Anti-Fascist War. The event has a theme: "Cmmemrating the Great Victry, Uphlding Peace and Develpment".Its aim is t help peple remember histry, hnr heres, cherish peace, and encurage yung peple.
The parade will last abut 70 minutes and include 45 frmatins. These frmatins have many parts, such as an aerial flag guard, ft frmatins, hnr guards carrying histrical battle flags, equipment clumns, and air flyvers. The equipment sectin will shw China's hme-made active-duty main battle equipment. This will let peple see hw much defense technlgy has imprved. New-generatin armred vehicles, aircraft, and unmanned systems will be n display. They will shw that China is wrking hard t mdernize its natinal defense.
A special part f the parade will be the perfrmance by the jint military band. There are 14 rws in the band, which symblize the 14-year resistance. There are als 80 trumpet players, and they represent the 80th anniversary. The band will play famus wartime sngs, which will be a strng tribute t histry.
This parade is nt just a shw f military strength. It is a serius prmise t keep peace and learn frm histry. As fficials have emphasized, the event will shw hw China's defense technlgy has prgressed. It will als shw China's determinatin t help wrld peace. Many internatinal guests and war veterans are expected t attend, which highlights that this cmmemratin is imprtant fr the whle wrld.
【热点押题】
On September 3, 2025, China will hld a great military parade in Beijing. It is 1._______（mark） the 80th anniversary f the victry in the Chinese Peple's War f Resistance Against Japanese Aggressin and the Wrld Anti-Fascist War. The event has a theme: "Cmmemrating the Great Victry, Uphlding Peace and Develpment". 2._______（it） aim is t help peple remember histry, hnr heres, cherish peace, 3._______ encurage yung peple.
The parade will last abut 70 minutes and include 45 frmatins. These frmatins have many parts, such as an aerial flag guard, ft frmatins, hnr guards 4._______（carry） histrical battle flags, equipment clumns, and air flyvers. The equipment sectin will shw China's hme-made active-duty main battle equipment. This will let peple see hw much defense technlgy has imprved. New-generatin armred vehicles, aircraft, and unmanned 5._______（system） will be n display. They will shw that China is wrking hard t 6._______（mdern） its natinal defense.
A special part f the parade will be the perfrmance by the jint military band. There are 14 rws in the band, 7._______ symblize the 14-year resistance. There are als 80 trumpet players, and they represent the 80th anniversary. The band will play famus wartime sngs, which will be a strng tribute t histry.
This parade is nt just a shw f military 8._______（strng）. It is a serius prmise t keep peace and learn 9._______ histry. As fficials have emphasized, the event will shw hw China's defense technlgy has prgressed. It will als shw China's determinatin t help wrld peace. Many internatinal guests and war veterans 10._______（expect） t attend, which highlights that this cmmemratin is imprtant fr the whle wrld.
【答案】1.t mark 2.Its 3.and 4.carrying 5.systems 6.mdernize 7.which 8.strength 9.frm 10.are expected
【解析】
1.t mark考查不定式。这是为了纪念中国人民抗日战争胜利和世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年。此处不定式表示目的和将来的动作。故填t mark。
2.Its 考查代词。它的目的是帮助人们记住历史，尊重英雄，珍惜和平，并鼓励年轻人。此处用形容词性物主代词，表示：它的，故填Its。
3.and考查并列连词。它的目的是帮助人们记住历史，尊重英雄，珍惜和平，并鼓励年轻人。此处是并列谓语。故填and。
4.carrying考查现在分词短语作定语。意为：仪仗队举着历史上的战旗。此处hnr guards 和carry之间是主动关系，故填现在分词carrying。
5.systems考查名词复数。新一代装甲车、飞机和无人系统将展出。此处指多种系统。故填systems。
6.mdernize考查词形转换。他们将表明，中国正在努力实现国防现代化。此处its natinal defense是宾语，故用动词。故填mdernize。
7.which考查定语从句。带子上有14行，象征着14年的抵抗。此处是which引导的非限制性定语从句。故填which。
8.strength考查词形转换。 这次阅兵不仅仅是展示军事力量。此处f是介词，其后名词作宾语，故填strength。
9.frm考查介词。这是一个保持和平和从历史中吸取教训的严肃承诺。此处表示从……中吸取教训。故填frm。
10.are expected考查动词的时态和语态。预计许多国际嘉宾和退伍军人将出席。此处预计做……，为are expected t d。故填are expected。
热点06 台湾光复纪念日—爱国统一民之所向
【热点解读】中国纪念台湾恢复80周年，为统一提供力量。
【命题预测】重大活动将是2026年高考最可能考的热点
【命题方向】语法填空
BEIJING, Oct. 25 (Xinhua) -- A meeting cmmemrating the 80th anniversary f Taiwan's restratin t China was held in Beijing n Saturday, the first Cmmemratin Day f Taiwan's Restratin（台湾光复纪念日）.
Addressing the gathering f abut 500 attendees, Wang Huning called n cmpatrits n bth sides f the Taiwan Strait t wrk tgether t advance natinal reunificatin, and t leave n rm fr "Taiwan independence" separatist activities in any frm.
The event was rganized fllwing a decisin by China's natinal legislature n Friday t designate Oct. 25 as the fficial cmmemrative day.
In 1894, Japan initiated a war against China and then ccupied Taiwan.
On Oct. 25, 1945, a ceremny t accept Japan's surrender in the Taiwan Prvince f the China war theater f the Allied pwers was held in Taipei. Frm that pint n, Taiwan and the Penghu Islands returned t China's svereign jurisdictin.
Wang nted that the victry f the Chinese Peple's War f Resistance against Japanese Aggressin and Taiwan's restratin t China represented a great triumph and a shared glry f the Chinese peple and the Chinese natin.
The establishment f the cmmemrative day demnstrates the unwavering cmmitment f all Chinese peple t uphld the ne-China principle and safeguard natinal svereignty and territrial integrity, he emphasized.
It als reflects the CPC's steadfast reslve t fulfill its histrical missin and achieve cmplete reunificatin f the mtherland, he said, adding that it has further strengthened the internatinal cnsensus that there is nly ne China, and that Taiwan is an inalienable part f that ne China.
At this imprtant time t bear histry in mind and frge ahead tgether, Wang stressed that peple n bth sides f the Strait shuld shulder their histrical respnsibilities in prmting peaceful develpment f crss-Strait relatins and realizing natinal rejuvenatin.
The tp plitical advisr emphasized the imprtance f adhering t peaceful reunificatin and the "ne cuntry, tw systems" plicy, as well as uphlding the ne-China principle and the 1992 Cnsensus.
He called fr jint effrts t safeguard the majr achievements f victry in the Chinese Peple's War f Resistance against Japanese Aggressin, deepen crss-Strait exchanges and integratin, uphld the verall interests f the Chinese natin, and strive fr natinal rejuvenatin.
【热点押题】
BEIJING, Oct. 25 (Xinhua) -- A meeting cmmemrating the 80th anniversary f Taiwan's restratin t China was held in Beijing n Saturday, the first Cmmemratin Day f Taiwan's Restratin（台湾光复纪念日）.
1.________（address） the gathering f abut 500 attendees, Wang Huning called n cmpatrits n bth sides f the Taiwan Strait t wrk tgether t advance natinal reunificatin, and t leave n rm fr "Taiwan independence" separatist activities in any frm.
The event was rganized fllwing a decisin by China's natinal legislature n Friday t designate Oct. 25 2.________ the fficial cmmemrative day.
In 1894, Japan initiated a war against China and then ccupied Taiwan.
On Oct. 25, 1945, a ceremny t accept Japan's surrender in the Taiwan Prvince f the China war theater f the Allied pwers 3.________（hld） in Taipei. Frm that pint n, Taiwan and the Penghu Islands returned t China's svereign jurisdictin.
Wang nted that the victry f the Chinese Peple's War f Resistance against Japanese Aggressin and Taiwan's restratin t China represented a great triumph and a 4.________（share） glry f the Chinese peple and the Chinese natin.
The establishment f the cmmemrative day demnstrates the unwavering cmmitment f all Chinese peple t uphld the ne-China principle and safeguard natinal svereignty and 5.________（territry） integrity, he emphasized.
It als reflects the CPC's steadfast reslve t fulfill its histrical missin and achieve cmplete reunificatin f the mtherland, he said, adding 6.________ it has further strengthened the internatinal cnsensus that there is nly ne China, and that Taiwan is 7.________ inalienable part f that ne China.
At this imprtant time t bear histry in mind and frge ahead tgether, Wang stressed that peple n bth sides f the Strait shuld shulder their histrical 8.________（respnsibility） in prmting peaceful develpment f crss-Strait relatins and realizing natinal rejuvenatin.
The tp plitical advisr emphasized the 9.________（imprtant）f adhering t peaceful reunificatin and the "ne cuntry, tw systems" plicy, as well as uphlding the ne-China principle and the 1992 Cnsensus.
He called fr jint effrts 10.________（ safeguard） the majr achievements f victry in the Chinese Peple's War f Resistance against Japanese Aggressin, deepen crss-Strait exchanges and integratin, uphld the verall interests f the Chinese natin, and strive fr natinal rejuvenatin.
【答案】1.Addressing 2.as 3.was held 4.shared 5.territrial 6.that 7.an 8.respnsibilities 9.imprtance 10.t safeguard
【解析】1.Addressing考查现在分词作状语。在约500名与会者面前，王洪宁呼吁台湾海峡两岸同胞共同努力推进国家统一。此处是主动关系，故填Addressing。注意大写。
2.as考查介词。中国全国人大决定将10月25日定为全国法定纪念日，随后举行了相关纪念活动。此处as意为：作为。故填as。
3.was held考查动词的时态和语态。1945年10月25日，盟军在台湾省举行日本投降仪式，台湾及澎湖列岛正式回归中国主权管辖。此处a ceremny是主语，故用被动语态。故填was held。
4.shared考查过去分词。中国人民抗日战争的胜利和台湾回归祖国，是中华民族和中国人民共同的胜利和荣耀。此处shared为过去分词转化为的形容词，意为：分享的。故填shared。
5.territrial考查词形转换。设立纪念日表明，所有中国人民都坚定不移地致力于维护一个中国原则，维护国家主权和领土完整。此处修饰名词integrity用形容词形式。故填territrial。
6.that考查宾语从句的连接词。他还表示，这也反映了中国共产党坚定不移地履行其历史使命，实现祖国完全统一的决心，并进一步加强了国际共识，即只有一个中国，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。此处adding后是宾语从句，后面的宾语从句，意思完整，不缺成分，故填that。
7.an考查冠词用法。即只有一个中国，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。故填an。
8.respnsibilities考查名词复数。在这个铭记历史、共同前行的重要时刻，王强调两岸人民应肩负历史责任，推动两岸关系和平发展，实现民族复兴。此处指多种责任，故填respnsibilities。
9.imprtance考查词形转换。这位高级政治顾问强调，必须坚持和平统一和“一国两制”政策，坚持一个中国原则和1992年共识。根据前面的the和后面的f，以及句意：重要性，故填名词imprtance。
10.t safeguard考查不定式的用法。他呼吁共同努力，维护中国人民抗日战争胜利的重大成果，深化两岸交流与融合。此处不定式作目的状语。故填t safeguard。
一、词汇部分
速查01 听力高考高频词汇
1.以数字为核心的高频词汇
（1）数字表达法
①分钟表达：直接读，或用past（过了；相加）和t（相差，相减）
●8:10→eight ten /ten past eight
●15分: quarter 8:15→eight fifteen/fifteen past eight /a quarter past eight
●9:45→nine frty five/ fifteen t ten/a quarter t ten离10点还差15分钟
②年份表达：（三种读法，两两一读最常见）
●两位而位读 1920→nineteen twenty 1902→nineteen h tw
●先读百位再其它1949→nineteen frty nine/nineteen hundred and frty nine
●先读千再读个位或十位2008→tw thusand eight
③折扣：20% discunt = 8折
④小/分数：1.5%→ne pint(点) five percent；3/4→three quarters/ three furths(分子用基数，分母大于2用序数+s)
thirteen （十三）thirty （三十） thirtieth（第三十） thirties（三十几岁） furteen （十四）frty（四十）frtieth（第四十） frties（四十几岁）fifteen（十五）fifty（五十）
⑤时间变化：take tw days ff 休两天假
超前：earlier／ahead f time /in advance 准时: n time /n schedule
推迟：put ff/ delay /late / pstpne
（2）常考数词及相关词【高频再现】
①millin 百万thusand 千hundred 百dzen （人或物）十二个，一打scre 二十decade 十年
②spring, summer, autumn/fall, winter
③January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, Octber, Nvember, December
④Mnday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday
⑤1st first;​2nd secnd;​3rd third; 4th furth; ​5th fifth;​9th ninth;12th twelfth.
⑥1/2: a/ne half;​1/3: a/ne third;​1/4: a/ne quarter; 2/3: tw thirds;​1.5: ne and a half
⑦Zer: 用于表达精确科学、医学、经济以及温度。eg:Ten degrees belw zer.
Nught: 用于表示数字、年龄等。eg: Children aged nught t six.
0: 用于读出银行账户、电话号码等。
Nil: 用于表示团队比赛的比分。eg: One nil: 1:0
⑧feet: 英尺​inch: 英寸​meter/metre: 米centimeter: 厘米​unce: 盎司​gram: 克 pund: 磅
⑨在英国
100 pence/p = 1 British pund
在美国
1c = ne cent ; a penny 一分硬币
5c = five cents ; a nickel 五分硬币
10c = ten cents ; a dime 一角硬币
25 cents = twenty-five cents ; a quarter 贰角五分硬币
⑩first,secnd,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,eleventh,twelfth, twice
3/5的读法three fifths/three in five/three ut f five；
1/2读法ne secnd/ne in tw/ne ut f tw/a half；
1/4读法ne furth/ne in fur/ne ut f fur/a quarter；
3/4读法three furths/three in fur/three ut f three/three quarters；
68sixty-eight；
168ne hundred and sixty-eight；
1,668ne thusand,six hundred and sixty-eight；
1,666,668ne millin,six hundred and sixty-six thusand,six hundred and sixty-eight；
1,666,666,668ne billin,six hundred and sixty-six millin,six hundred and sixty-six thusand,six hundred and sixty-eight
2.以天气为核心的高频词汇
3.以对话发生场景为核心的高频词汇
①在餐馆：
②在酒店：
③在银行：
④在校园：
⑤在图书馆：
⑥在医院及健康：
⑦在机场：
⑧在商场购物：
⑨在邮局：
⑩在出租屋：
4.以人物关系为核心的高频听力词汇
5.以职业为核心的高频词汇
6.以人物特征或人物感受为核心的高频词汇
7.以交通为核心的高频词汇：
8.以兴趣爱好与运动为核心的高频词汇：
9.以观光旅游为核心的高频词汇：
10.以电话为核心的高频词汇：
11.听力测试中有时通过变换说法来提高试题的难度：
速查02 完形填空高考高频词汇
1.与人物情绪相关的高频词汇
①形容词
②副词
③名词
④动词
2.与人生感悟、哲理类相关的高频词汇
①形容词
②副词
③名词
④动词
2.与描述事件发生的过程相关的高频词汇
①形容词
②副词
③动词
④名词
3.与事件发生结果相关的高频词汇
①动词
②副词
③名词
④形容词
4.议论文和说明文完形填空常用的高频词汇
速查03 阅读理解高考高频词汇
1.研究报告类高频词汇
2.阅读理解中医学、科普类高频词汇
①医学类
②科普类
3.阅读理解中社会生活、心理学类高频词汇
①社会生活类
②心理学类
4.阅读理解记叙文中描写人物相关的高频词汇
记叙文命题中题干和选项中常考的描述作者态度的词：
①表示赞同+积极
②表示否定+消极
③表示客观中立
④主观词
⑤表怀疑不确定
⑥一般不选的词汇：（偶尔有例外，注意看题）
表达歧视，偏见，不平等的词：
表达冷漠，不关心，不感兴趣的词：
表示迷惑，不清楚的词：
表达容忍，沉溺，放纵的词：
表示情感态度过于强烈，过于否定，过于肯定的词：
5.记叙文中描写人物的高频词：
6.熟记常用同义替换词汇或短语
第一组
warm暖和的
warm up 转暖
mild温和的
fine 晴朗的
clear up 天空放晴 sunny/bright/clear 阳光明媚的 fggy/dense/heavy fg 雾天/浓雾 windy有风的
calm无风的
breeze／light wind 微风 mderate 风力不大
strng／high winds 大风
typhn 台风
trnad 龙卷风
strm 风暴
cludy 阴天
vercast 多云
thunder 打雷
lightening 闪电
rainy有雨的
light rain 小雨
shwer 阵雨
drizzle 毛毛细雨
dwnpur 倾盆大雨
wet／damp／humid 潮湿的 freezing-cld 冰冷的
icy结冰的
unusual 不同寻常的天气
get wrse 天气恶化
weather in Lndn／Seattle 意指不好的天气
weather in Califrnia 意指好天气heavy snw 大雪
snwstrm 暴风雪
blizzard大风雪
weather frecast 天气预报
g ut fr dinner／dinner ut／eat ut 出去吃饭
cafeteria 自助餐厅
buffet 自助餐
canteen／dining hall 食堂，餐厅 cffee shp／cafe 咖啡屋
snack bar 小吃街、大排挡
bk／make a reservatin 预定 waiter／waitress 男／女服务生 menu 菜单
special dish／specialty 招牌菜 serve 上菜
appetizer开胃菜
plain water 自来水（西餐中洗手）
drinks／beverages饮料
sft drink 软饮料；不含酒精饮料
range juice 桔汁
cke／Cca Cla 可口可乐
wine 葡萄酒；果蔬酒
beer 啤酒
whisky 威士忌
brandy 白兰地
dressing调味酱
pepper 胡椒
ketchup番茄酱
steak牛排
rare 三分熟
medium 半熟的
well-dne 全熟
chicken 鸡肉
beef牛肉
prk 猪肉
bacn 培根；腌肉
barbecue 吃烤肉的野餐
fast fd 快餐
sandwich 三明治
sup 汤
fried fd 油炸食品
French fries 炸薯条
pizza 披萨
apple pie 苹果派
spaghetti 意大利
vegetable salad 蔬菜沙拉
dessert（饭后）甜品，水果
dughnut 甜面圈
tast 吐司
cheese 奶酪
knife and frk 刀叉
chpsticks 筷子
spn勺子
plate 盘子
tray 托盘
dish 碟子
tthpick 牙签
paper twel纸巾
table clth 桌布
tip 小费
Delicius/tasty/yummy 可口的 hrrible/awful/disgusting 难吃的 pay the bill 付账
g Dutch＝Let’s g fifty fifty. AA制
This is my treat！／It’s n me！ 我请客！
Keep the change！不用找零钱了！
make a reservatin 预定房间 single rm 单间
duble rm 双人间
rm rate 房价
receptin／frnt desk 接待处receptin 服务台
check in 入住
identity／ID card 身份证
receptinist 服务员
fill in／ut a frm 填表 registratin 登记
accmmdatin 住宿
rm number房间号
rm key 房间钥匙
rm service 客房服务
wake-up call 叫醒电话
tips 小费
business hur 营业时间
identity／ID card 身份证
check accunt支票账户
savings accunt 储蓄账户
fixed depsit 定期存款
interest rate 利率
pen an accunt 开户
draw／withdraw mney 取钱
depsit mney 存钱
cash a check 兑现支票
current depsit／current accunt 活期存款
credit card 信用卡
majr主修；专业
tuitin 学费
schlarship 奖学金
register 注册
assignment 作业
presentatin 课堂发言
final exam 期末考试
statinery 文具
preview 预习
g ver／review 复习
be absent 缺课
cut a class 逃课
term／semester 学期
seminar研讨会
librarian 图书管理员
library card 借书证
bk-shelf书架
reading-rm 阅览室
keep 保留
renew 续借
return 还书
verdue 借书逾期
pay a fine 交罚款
reference bk 参考书
peridical 期刊
science fictin 科幻小说 stry-bk 故事书
picture-bk 图画书
fever发烧
cugh 咳嗽
sre-thrat 喉咙痛
headache 头疼
stmachache肚子疼；胃疼 tthache 牙疼
backache 后背疼
pain 疼痛
dizzy眩晕的
injured 受伤
make an appintment 预约
see a dctr 去医院看医生
clinic 诊所
Health Center 医疗中心 emergency rm/department急诊室
ambulance 救护车
ICU（intensive care unit）特护病房
nurse 护士
dentist 牙医
physician 内科医生
regular dctr 私人医生
surgen外科医生
patient 病人
check up／exam 检查
shw ne’s tngue 伸出舌头 physical examinatin 体检
take ne's temperature / bld pressure 测量体温／血压
heart 心脏
lung 肺
medical result 诊断结果
nthing serius 不严重

have／catch a cld 感冒
flu 流感
heart attack 心脏病
suffer frm 受...苦
first aid 急救
emergent treatment 急救处理 treatment 治疗手段
peratin 手术
visiting hurs 探视时间
write a prescriptin开处方
give an injectin 打针
aspirin阿司匹林
pills／tablets 药丸／药片
take medicine 吃药
passprt 护照
visa 签证
luggage／baggage 行李
suitcase 行李箱
captain 机长
pilt 飞行员
stewardess空姐
flight attendant 空中乘务员
bk／reserve 预定
nn-stp/direct flight 直航 transfer 换乘、转机
ne way/single ticket 单程票 rund trip ticket 往返票
airline 航空公司
flight number 航班号 airway 航线
cnfirm the flight 确认航班
bard 登机
timetable时间表
see sb ff 送行
check in 办理登机手续
security check 安检
behind schedule 晚点
cancel取消
departure lunge 候机室
departure time 起飞时间
barding pass／card 登机牌departure gate 登机口
welcme n bard 欢迎登机departure t 前往
bund fr...飞往方向去的
fasten the safety/safe belt 系紧安全带
take ff 起飞
safe landing 安全着陆
arrival 进港
safe landing 安全着陆
destinatin 目的地
custms 海关
pick up 接机
first／business／ecnmy cabin 头等／商务／经济舱
a windw seat 靠窗的座位
an aisle seat 靠走道的座位
airsick 晕机
jetlag 飞机时差反应
supermarket 超市
bk stre 书店
grcery 食品店；杂货店
clthing stre／shp 服装店
mall 商场
department stre 百货商场 shpping center／mall 购物中心large/medium/small大号／中号／小号
bargain 便宜货
style 款式
brand 品牌
secnd-hand 二手的
ppular／fashinable 流行的
in fashin 流行
ut f fashin／date 过时的
catalg 产品目录
wl羊毛；毛线
cttn 棉制的lse 宽松的
tight 紧身的
frmal 正式的
casual 休闲的
price tag 价格标签
50％ ff 打五折
30％ discunt 打七折
n sale 减价出售
selling seasn 销售旺季
ut f stck 脱销／缺货
in stck 有货
shpping cart 购物手推车
cunter 柜台
check-ut cunter付账台
cashier 收银台
credit card 信用卡
pay in cash 用现金支付
pay in check用支票支付
pay by installment分期付款 receipt收据
refund 退款
Salesman/salespersn 售货员saleswman 女售货员
shp assistant 店员
exchange 调换
fit yu 合你身
try n 试穿
match相配
cstume传统服装；戏服
clthing 衣服总称
clthes 衣服（复数）
bts 靴子
trusers/pants 裤子
jeans牛仔裤
shrts 短裤
shirt 短袖汗衫
bluse 女士衬衫
sweater 毛衣
jacket 夹克衫
vercat 大衣；外套
unifrm 制服
men’s suit 男性套装
tie 领带
scarf 围巾
hat／cap 帽子
glves 手套
underwear 内衣
scks 短袜
stckings 长筒袜
stamp 邮票
zip cde 邮编
claim 领取
send／pst／deliver a letter 寄信 express mail 快件
airmail 航空信件
surface mail 平邮
registered letter 挂号信 internatinal airmail 国际航空邮件 envelpe 信封
EMS（Express Mail Service）邮政特快专递
package／parcel 包裹
parcel frm 包裹单
delivery投递，传送
insurance 保险
weight 重量
verweight 超重
pstage 邮费
extra pstage 额外邮资
landlrd 房东
landlady 女房东
tenant 房客
rent租／租金
depsit 押金
cntract 合同
fr rent 可出租的房子
fr sale 可销售的房子
apartment／flat 公寓
living cnditins 住房条件accmmdatin 住宿
drm／drmitry 宿舍
live n campus 住校
light／black ut 熄灯
furnished 有家具电器的
furniture 家具
dining table 饭桌
cupbard／cabinet 橱柜
dresser 梳妆台
twel毛巾
sheet 床单
curtain 窗帘
blanket 毯子
carpet 地毯
televisin 电视
dishwasher 洗碗机
fridge 冰箱
ven 烤箱
washing machine 洗衣机
d laundry洗衣服
dry cleaner 干洗店
air-cnditiner 空调
heat 暖气
gas 煤气
electricity 电
shamp洗发水
sap香皂
shaver 剃须刀
lift 电梯
stairs 楼梯
balcny阳台
living rm 起居室
sitting／guest rm 客厅
dining rm 餐厅
kitchen 厨房
bathrm 浴室
tilet 卫生间
basement 地下室
lcatin 位置
transprtatin 交通
suburb市郊
dwntwn 市中心
rmmate室友
neat 整洁的
messy 脏乱的
nisy 吵闹的
cnsiderate 体贴的
talkative 能说会道的
active and sciable积极的,爱交际的
just the ppsite 恰恰相反
have a lt in cmmn有很多共同点
has a very bad temper 脾气坏
in a bad md 心情不好
deskmates 同桌
rmmates 室友
clleagues同事
wrkmates 工友
cusins 堂兄妹，表兄妹
bss and clerk 老板和职员
emplyer and emplyee 雇主与雇员
dctr and patient医生和患者dentist and patient 牙医和病人husband and wife 丈夫和妻子pliceman and driver警察和司机
passenger and driver 行人和司机 waiter and custmer服务生和顾客interviewer and interviewee 面试官和被面试者
reprter and actr 记者和演员
Occupatin/prfessin 职业 candidate 候选人
interviewee 面试者
interviewer 面试官
Bss/emplyer 老板
HR manager 人事经理
cmpany directr 公司主管
general manager 总经理 department head 部门领导 secretary 秘书
clerk 职员
emplyee/wrker/staff 员工 clleague/fellw wrker/wrkmate 同事
Custmer/client 客户
resume简历
Certificate/diplma证书，文凭 cpy/phtcpy 复印
applicatin letter 求职信
educatinal backgrund 教育背景recmmendatin 推荐信
interview 面试
pst／psitin 职位
jb pprtunity 工作机会
salary 薪水
experience 经验
qualificatin 资历
jb ffer 工作邀请
part-time jb 兼职工作
full-time jb 全职工作
training 训练；培训
wrk vertime 加班
shift wrk 倒班工作
allwance 津贴
prmtin 晋升；升职
break 短暂休息
vacatin 休假
ask fr leave 请假
sick leave 病假
have a week ff 休一周假
annual leave 年假
paid leave 带薪休假
fire／dismiss 解雇
retire 退休
nurse 护士
clerk 职员
librarian 图书管理员
president 总统/主席/校长
emplyer 雇主
emplyee 雇员
pilt 飞行员
guide 导游
babysitter 临时保姆
athlete 运动员
secretary 秘书
salesman 销售员
tutr 家教/导师/助教
cach 教练
cnductr 售票员/指挥/导体engineer 工程师
receptinist 接待员
firefighter 消防员
architect 建筑师
perfrmer 演员
psitive 积极的
negative 消极的
ptimistic 乐观的
pessimistic 悲观的
ppsite 相反的
pleasant 令人愉快的
enthusiastic 热情的
rewarding 值得的
upset 失望的
depressed 沮丧的，萧条的discuraged 沮丧的
demanding 苛刻的
wrried 担心的
serius 严肃的/严重的/认真的crrect 正确的
cmmn 常见的，普通的
exact 精确的
extra 额外的
nervus 紧张的
anxius 焦虑的
curius 好奇的
varius 许多的
generus 慷慨的
awesme 很好的
exhausted 精疲力竭的
available 可用的，有空的
humrus 幽默的
grateful 感谢的
typical 典型的
suitable 合适的
thughtful 沉思的，体贴的
cnsiderate 体贴的
prfessinal 专业的，职业的incredible 难以置信的
necessary 必要的
indifferent 不关心的
frequent 频繁的
fluent 流利的
diligent 勤奋的
strict 严格的
gentle 温和的，轻柔的
cntent 满足的，内容，目录
guilty 愧疚的
excellent 杰出的
brilliant 杰出的
rmantic 浪漫的
unique 独一无二的，唯一的flexible 灵活的
tugh 艰难的，坚强的
blind 盲的，盲目的
deaf 聋的，不愿听的
prper 恰当的
similar 相似的
familiar 熟悉的
legal/illegal合法/非法的
bred/bring 无聊的excited/exciting 兴奋的
amazed/amazing 吃惊的pleased/pleasing 高兴的amused/amusing 愉快的satisfied/satisfying 满足的puzzled/puzzling 困惑的cnfused/cnfusing 困惑的frustrated/frustrating 挫败的delighted/delighting 高兴的frightened/frightening 害怕disappinted/disappinting失望的cnvenient/incnvenient方便的/不方便的
cmfrtable/uncmfrtable舒服的/不舒服的
embarrassed/embarrassing尴尬的
by bike／bicycle 骑自行车
by taxi／cab 乘坐出租车
by subway／undergrund 乘地铁by cach 乘坐长途汽车
by train 乘坐火车
by express train 特快列车
by bat／ship／sea乘船，水路
by land 陆路
by plane／air 乘飞机
by high-speed rail 乘坐高铁
bus stp 公交车站
tunnel隧道
at the railway/train statin在火车站
parking lt／space／spt／place 停车场
bking／ticket ffice 售票处
fare 交通费用
cnductr 售票员
give sb a ride 让某人搭车
drp sb ff 让某人下车
a hard seat 硬座
a sft seat 软座
sleeping car 卧铺车
hard sleeper 硬卧
sft sleeper 软卧
ne way trip／ticket 单程／单程票 rund trip／ticket 往返／往返票 waiting rm 候车室
platfrm 站台，月台
carriage／cach 车厢
dining car 餐车
sidewalk／pavement人行道highway 公路
freeway／expressway／mtrway 高速公路
passenger 乘客
passer-by 路人
pedestrian行人
traffic rules 交通规则
traffic plice 交警
ticket 罚单
rush hur 交通高峰期
crwded 拥挤的
heavy traffic 拥挤的交通
traffic jam 交通阻塞
ne-way street 单行道
rad sign 路标
break dwn 发生故障；抛锚 scratches 刮蹭
fix／repair 修理
flat tire 爆胎
garage车库
warning light 警示灯
traffic lights 交通灯
run the red light 闯红灯
ver speed 超速
car accident／crash 车祸
survive 幸存
entertainment 娱乐
detective film 侦探片
actin mvie 动作片
cartn 漫画／动画片
cmedy 喜剧
hrrr film 恐怖片
western film 西部片
dcumentary 纪录片／文献片hiking徒步旅行
camping 野营
diving 潜水
surfing 冲浪
skiing 滑雪
cmpetitin 竞争
the sprts field 运动场
sprtsman／athlete／player 运动员
cach 教练
champin 冠军
gld medal金牌
silver medal银牌
brnze medal铜牌
sccer英式足球
vlleyball 排球
baseball 棒球
tennis 网球
table tennis 乒乓球
glf高尔夫
jgging 慢跑
freestyle 自由泳
backstrke 仰泳
breaststrke 蛙泳
butterfly蝶泳
wrestling 摔跤
shting 射击
bxing 拳击
weightlifting举重
relay race 接力赛
break the recrd 打破纪录
g t the theater/mvies 去看电影
histric spts 古迹
scenery 风景
waterfall瀑布
beach 沙滩
seashre 海岸
lawn 草地
temple 寺庙
z动物园
g sightseeing 观光
a guided tur 有导游的旅行
travel agency旅行社
suvenir 纪念品 travel/trip/tur/vyage旅行
railway 铁路
subway/undergrund 地铁
fascinating 激动人心的
thrilling刺激的
unfrgettable 难忘的
terrific 好极了
fantastic 极好的
give sb. a call/ring (call／telephne／ring／phne sb) 给某人打电话 culdn’t get thrugh.打不通
dial the wrng number 拨错号码 srry, I'm afraid yu have the wrng number.对不起，您拨错号啦。
The line is bad/engaged./It kept a busy line.电话占线。
answering machine 自动答录机 take／leave a message 留言 peratr 接线员
put thrugh 接通电话
hang up 挂断
hld n／hang n 稍等
Wh's speaking?/Wh is that？您是谁？
Hell！This 您好，我是
Extensin six tw ne six，please．请转6216。
Hld n／Hld the line，please.请稍等，别挂断。
I'll call back later/again./I’ll ring him／her up again.我一会儿再打
mbile phne／cellphne 移动电话
smartphne 智能手机
telephne bx／bth 电话亭
pay phne 公用电话
persnal phne call 私人电话
lng distance call 长途电话
cllect call 对方付费的电话 verseas call 越洋电话
presentatin n[C] 报告；陈述 talk, speech, lecture
turn in 上交；提交 hand in,submit
the whle time 一直 all the time
be anxius abut 为······忧虑 be wrried abut, be cncerned abut
raise mney 筹钱 cllect mney
drp ut (f schl) 退学；辍学 quit schl, leave schl
quit vi& vt 停止；戒掉 give up
pick up 取（某物）；（开车）接（人） cllect
sign up fr 报名参加 register fr, enter
bviusly adv 显然；明显地 clearly
take advantage f sth 利用某物 make use f sth
acrss frm 在对面；在对过 ppsite
free time 空余/业余/闲暇时间 spare time, leisure time
gather vt 收拢；收集 cllect
shw up 到场；露面 turn up, arrive
cnvince vt 说服 persuade
incredibly adv 极其 extremely
a cuple f 几个 a few
hair cut n [发型] hairstyle
view a huse 看房 check n a huse, see a huse
date back t 追溯到 date frm
check-up n[C] 体格检查；健康检查 medical / physical examinatin
set up 创建；建立 start, fund, establish
ut f shape 身体不好；不健康 in pr health
hld sb up 耽误某人 delay /keep sb
psitive adj 乐观的 hpeful, ptimistic
nw and then 有时；偶尔 frm time t time, smetimes, nce in a while
n ne’s wn 独自；单独 by neself, alne
as usual 像平常一样；照例 as always
can’t stand 不能忍受 can’t bear
g up （温度等）上升 rise
straight away 立即；马上 at nce, in an instant, immediately, in a secnd, in a mment
regard sth as 认为某物是······ cnsider sth as
pass dwn 把······传给某人；把······往下传 hand dwn
freeway n[C] 高速公路 highway, expressway
grade n[C]成绩；分数 mark
take part in 参与（某事）；参加（某活动） jin in
take sb’s place 代替；替换 take the place f sb, replace sb
hand ut 分发 give ut
take ver 接管；接手 take cntrl f
attempt vt 尝试 try
exit vi&vt 离去；离开 leave
place vt （小心或有意）放置；安放 put
fill ut 填写（表格等） fill in
thrughut the wrld 全世界 all ver the wrld, arund the wrld
under pressure 在压力下；承受压力 under stress
at present 现在；目前 nw, at the mment, right nw
take care f 负责；处理 deal with
due t 由于；因为 because f, wing t, as a result f
bring abut 导致；引起 cause
bring up 抚养，提起（某个话题）raise
wrk ut 锻炼 exercise
unusual adj 不寻常的 uncmmn
reservatin n[C]（房间、座位等的）预定 bking
screen vt 放映（电影） shw
get arund 出行；各处走动 get abut
break dwn （机器等）出故障 g wrng, nt wrk
g fr 选择 chse
cncentrate n 集中精力于 fcus n
have / run a temperature 发烧 have / run a fever, be burning up
lk thrugh 翻查；翻找 g thrugh
speedy adj 迅速的；快捷的 quick
be mad at 对······很生气 be angry with, be annyed with
ne hundred percent 完全地 cmpletely
be f medium height 中等身高 be f average height
in gd shape 情况良好 in gd cnditin
把·····和·····连接起来
result in 造成；导致 lead t
mean t d sth 打算做某事 intend t d sth, plan t d sth
bear sth in mind 将某物/事记在心中；记住某物/事 keep sth in mind
part n[C] 角色 rle
altgether adv 总共 in all, in ttal
attend a lecture 听讲座 g t a lecture
absrb vt 理解；掌握 take in
frm a band 组建乐队 rganise a grup
ache vi 疼痛hurt
be in charge f 负责 be respnsible fr
free f charge 免费 fr free
mrever adv 而且；此外 in additin, furthermre
clse by 在不远处；在近旁 nearby
packed adj 异常拥挤的；挤满人的 crwed
pleased adj. 高兴的；乐于做的 enjyable adj. 有乐趣的；令人愉快的 nice adj. 美好的，愉快的
scared adj 害怕的 frightened, afraid
drp n[C] 下降；下跌 fall
hrrible adj 可怕的；吓人的 terrible
pinin n[C]意见；看法 view, idea
invent vt 编造；虚构 make up
earn mney 挣钱 make mney
escape vi & vt 逃走；逃脱 get away frm
keep a jurnal 记日记 keep a diary
warm adj 温情的；热心的；友好的 friendly
presenter n[C] (广播、电视)节目主持人 hst, hstess
Yu can’t be serius! 你一定是开玩笑吧！ Yu must be jking!
a wide variety f 各种各样的 all / different kinds f , all srts f
except fr 除······之外 apart frm, aside frm
apprach vi&vt (时间)临近 cme near
mre r less 几乎；差不多 almst
rather than 而不是 instead f
prevent sb/ sth (frm) ding sht 阻止某人 / 某物做某事 stp sb / sth frm ding sth
current adj 当前的；现在的 present
figure ut 弄懂；弄清楚 wrk ut
sufficient adj 足够的；充足的 enugh
in the meantime 在此期间；与此同时 meanwhile
t be hnest 说实话；坦率地说 t be frank
pstpne vt 延迟；延期 put ff
put aside 储存；保留 save, put away
earn / make a living 谋生 supprt neself
distinct adj 明显的 clear
despite prep 即使；尽管 in spite f
get stuck in 陷（入）；困（于）be trapped in
plus prep 和；外加 as well as
defeat vt 击败；战胜 beat
switch sth n / ff 开/ 关（电灯、机器等） turn sth n / ff
cme in handy 有用处；派上用场 be useful
clse dwn 关闭 shut dwn
wrn ut 疲惫不堪的；精疲力竭的 tired, exhausted
be thirsty fr 渴望；渴求 be eager fr
ahead f time 超前 in advance
I mean it.我是认真的。 I’m serius.
reliable adj 可靠的；可信的 dependable
identify vt 认出；识别 recgnise
a number f 许多；大量 quite a few
ccupy vt 占据；占用 take up
gal n[C] 目标 aim, bjective
adjust t 适应 adapt t
ultimately adv 最后；最终 eventually, finally
breathe in 吸气 take a breath
cancel vt 取消 call ff
absent-minded adj 健忘的；心不在焉的 frgetful
1.cautius adj.小心翼翼的
2.reliable adj.可靠的，可信赖的
3.patient adj.耐心的
4.plain adj.简单的，朴素的
5.lucky adj. 幸运的
6.amazing adj.令人惊异的
7.silent adj.沉默的
8.calm adj.平静的，冷静的
9.punctual adj 守时的
10.gentle adj.温柔的
11.enthusiastic adj.热情的；热烈的；热心的
12.energetic adj 精力充沛的，有活力的
13.talkative adj.爱多说话的，多嘴的，健谈的
14.unfrgettable adj. 难忘的
15.respectable adj. 值得尊敬的
16.respectful adj.恭敬的，有礼貌的
17.distinguished adj.著名的；卓著的；高贵的
18.awkward adj.尴尬的，笨拙的
19.sensitive adj.敏感的，体贴的
20.hnest adj.诚实的
21.cnfident adj.自信的
22.shy adj.害羞的，羞涩的
23.thughtful adj. 深思的，沉思的；体贴的
24.light-hearted adj. 无忧无虑的
25.unique adj.唯一的，独一无二的，独特的
26.favurable adj.赞同的，有利的
27.physical adj.身体的，物理的
28.ridiculus adj. 可笑的，荒谬的
29.mtivated adj. 有动机的，有目的的；有积极性的
30.accessible adj.易接近的，易打交道的，可理解的
surprisingly adv.令人惊讶地
unwillingly adv. 不情愿地
unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地
eagerly adv. 热切地；渴望地
willingly adv. 情愿地
will 意志
curage 勇气
patience 耐心
determinatin 坚定
faith 信念
effrt 努力
cnfidence 自信
ambitin 雄心
energy 精力
talent/gift 天赋
ability 能力
ptential 潜力
intelligence 智力
advantage 优势
disadvantage 劣势
strength(s) 优点
weakness(es) 缺点
shrtcming 缺点；短处
drawback 缺点；不利条件
feeling 越觉
emtin 感情
anger 怒
delight 快乐
sadness 悲
srrw 悲伤
stare 盯着看
glare 瞪眼看
warn 警告
cmplain 抱怨
quarrel 吵架
cry呼喊
call叫
shut 大叫
scream尖叫
man 呻吟
sigh叹气
thrw扔
shake 摇
quake 震动；颤抖
tremble 发抖；战栗（因寒冷、愤怒等）
tuch摸
embrace 拥抱
hug抱
hld拿着；持有；抱住
cry哭泣
shed tears 流泪
weep哭泣
smile 微笑
laugh大笑
laugh at 嘲笑
burst int laughter=burst ut laughing突然大笑
sb 抽泣
burst int tears/burst ut crying 突然哭起来
cngratulatins n sb祝贺某人celebrate 庆祝／庆贺
bserve 庆祝; 遵守；观测
praise 表扬
think highly f 高度评价
blame sb fr sth 因某事责备某人sb is t blame 某人对····负有责任criticize 批评
scld sh fr sth 因某事责骂某人
speak ill f说···的坏话
like/lve/be fnd f/be keen n/adre/be int/prefer/enjy/in
have a lw pinin f sb对某人评价不好
favur f/be crazy abut 喜欢dislike 不喜欢
hate 讨厌／恨
awful 讨厌的
disgusting 令人厌恶的
ignre忽视／不理睬
verlk忽视think/believe/cnsider/feel认为
as far as sb be cncerned 就某人而言
cnclude/infer 推断
dubt 怀疑
admire/respect/shw respect fr 敬佩／向·····表示敬意
clear adj.清楚的，清晰的
familiar adj. 熟悉的
silent adj.沉默的
calm adj.平静的，冷静的
secret adj.秘密的
efficient adj.高效的，有效的
flexible adj.灵活的
cmplex adj.复杂的
precius adj.宝贵的，珍贵的essential adj.必要的，重要的
wrthwhile adj.值得的
urgent adj. 紧急的，急迫的
shallw adj.浅的，肤浅的
adptable adj.可采用的，可收养的acceptable adj.可以接受的
available adj.可利用的，可使用的，可得到的
impressive adj.印象深刻的
practical adj. 实践的，实际的
similar adj. 类似的，相似的
cnvenient ad. 方便的，便利的dubtful/skeptical ad可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能确定的cmplicated adj. 难懂的，复杂的grateful adj. 感激的；表示感谢的happy adj. 幸福的；快乐的warm-hearted adj. 热心的，富于同情心的，慈爱的
unexpected出乎意料的
exactly adv. 确切地，精确地／恰好地，正好地／（用于答语）完全正确，的确这样
frtunately adv.幸运地
prperly adv. 适当地；正确地；恰当地
simply adv. 简单地；仅仅，只，不过
accidentally adv. 偶然地；意外地
regularly adv. 定期地，有规律地naturally adv.自然地
frequently adv.经常地，频紧地bviusly adv.显面易见（＝apparently)
necessarily adv.必要地，必须地，必然地
relatively adv.相对地，比较地abslutely adv.绝对地；极其
neatly adv.整洁地
highly adv.高度地，非常
strngly adv. 强烈地，坚固地reasnably adv. 合乎情理地
equally adv. 平等地
sner r later迟早，早晚
nce in a while 偶尔，时不时地
aim/gal/bjective 目标
intentin 企图
purpse 意图
belief 信念
means 手段
methd方法
way方式
manner 方法
apprach 途径
advice 建议
suggestin 建议
idea 想法
prpsal 提议；建议
view 看法
recmmendatin 推荐
habit 习惯
custm 习俗
practice 惯例；操作；练习
energy精力，力气；毅力；努力；能量
explain 解释
remind 提醒
declare 宣布
express 表达
grasp 握住; 理解；领会打击
strike 突然地击打／突然想到get=btain=acquire 获得
gain 获得
wn/pssess 拥有
lse 丢了
be lst/be missing 失踪／不见gne 不见了
die away 逐渐消失
suffer a (great) lss 遭受损失
fade away 逐渐消失/减弱
have有
wn 拥有
ccupy=pssess占有
affrd 买得起
pay付款
pay ff 付清；
make it 成功做到
succeed/be successful 成功
win赢／获胜
make prgress 取得进步
cme true 实现
realize ne’s dream 实现某人的梦想
lse失败／损失
fail t d 未能做
failure 失败／故障
defeat 击败／挫败
suffer 遭受
lss损失
beat打败
turn. . .int reality 把·····变为现实
advise/suggest/recmmend/prpse 建议
demand/urge 强烈要求
persuade 劝说
handle/d with/deal with/vercme/slve/settle 处理／解决
pursuit/run after/seek fr/chase 追求／追赶
catch up with 赶上
keep up with 跟上
mature v. 长大成人；成熟；酿成；到期 adj. 成熟的；酿熟的；成年的；到期的
cme alive精神为之一振，活跃起来；栩栩如生
g thrugh经历；度过
understand明白，理解；了解；得知；默认；领会
immediate adj. 立即的，立刻的vivid adj.生动的，通真的
smth adj.平稳的,光滑的，顺利的private adj. 私人的
persnal adj.个人的
sudden/abrupt adj. 突然的
accurate adj. 精确的，准确的traditinal adj 传统的
previus adj.以前的
srry抱歉的brave勇敢的
safe安全的
unexpected意想不到的
unavidable不可避免的
uneventful太平无事的
restless不安的
hardly adv. 几乎不
generally adv.一般地，通常地instead adv. 代替，相反apprximately adv.近似地；大约specially adv. 专门地
entirely adv. 完全地
extremely adv.极端地，非常
nt nearly=far frm=nwhere near 远非，远远不，一点儿也不
badly adv. 很，非常；严重地meanwhile adv. 期间，同时
slightly adv. 稍微，轻微地
merely adv. 仅仅，只（＝nly)
scarcely adv. 几乎不；简直不
mre r less或多或少，差不多increasingly adv.越来越多地
nw and then 偶尔，有时
lk看（动作）
ntice 注意
glimpse 瞥见
bserve (为了研究进行的）观察 catch sight f 看见
whisper sth t sb 对某人耳语某事infrm sb f sth 通知某人某事talk/persuade sb int ding sth 说服某人做某事
bargain 讨价还价
chat with 聊天
describe 描述
debate 辩论
ask询问
interview采访
questin提问
ask sb fr sth 向某人要
answer 回答
respnd (t)回应
listen t听（动作）
hear听（结果）
pick up 收听
verhear无意中听到
write 写
describe 描写
drp a line写（信）
draw 画
take dwn/write dwn写下，记下take 拿走
bring拿来
hld拿着
carry 扛／挑
fetch (去）拿来
lift举
put放
lay铺／放置
take; take hld f 抓着
seize 紧抓
scratch 挠
hit (一次性地）打击
beat (不间断地）打击
attack 攻击
drp掉下／使落下
fall 突然倒下／落下
send 寄送
deliver 递送
give给
ffer 主动给予
kick踢
knck 敲
tip 轻敲
walk走／散步
run跑
climb爬
jump跳
skip 跳过；不做（某事）
slip滑到；悄悄溜
enter 进人
crawl 匍匐前进
sit dwn/be sealed/seat neself/take a seat坐下
take a nap 打盹
be asleep 睡着
have a rest 休息一会
rest 休息
put n穿（动作）
wear穿／戴
try n 试穿
be dressed in穿（状态）
make up 化妆
get changed换衣服
be in red穿着红色衣服
take ff 脱下
remve 移走；脱下（衣服等）
cnsume 消耗；吃喝
sip小口喝
have a meal=have supper 吃饭 tast干杯
taste品尝
treat sb t 请某人吃……
help neself t 自用（食物）
feel 感觉／触摸
sense 感觉到
guess 猜测
assume 假定；认为； 承担
suppse认为；假设
wnder 想知道
dubt /be skeptical abut怀疑 knw 懂得／知道
learn认识到／学到
realize 意识到
understand 理解
remember 记得
be familiar with 熟悉
apply t 应用; 适用
try t d sth 努力做某事
try ding sth尝试做某事
attempt t d sth 试图做某事 manage t d 努力完成
make effrts 努力
spare n effrt t d sth/try ne’s best t d sth 尽某人最大的努力去做某事
d as much as ne can t d 尽某人所能去做
ck烹饪
wash洗
chp切；砍
clean 变干净
brush 刷
cver盖
uncver 揭开盖子; 揭露spend. . .in ding sth/n sth 某人花费··在（做）某事上
sb can/can't affrd. . .t d sth 某人能／不能承受做某事
it takes sme time/mney t d sth 做某事花费了一些时间／金钱
sb pays sme mney fr sth某人为某物花了一些钱
sth csts sb sme mney某物花了某人一些钱
at ne’s expense 由某人付钱
save (up)攒钱
take part in/jin(in)/attend/participate in 参加
cmpete in/fr/against/with参加比赛/为...竞争/与······竞争
think f考虑到
think f as...把···看成...
think abut/cnsider考虑到
think ver 仔细考虑
be cncerned abut担心 take. . .int accunt/cnsideratin考虑到. . .
plan/intend/design t d sth 打算做某事
be ging t d/be abut t d/will d sth 将要做某事seem/appear/seem like/as if/as thugh 似乎／好像pen/start/set.up 开办
accuse sb f/charge ab with 控告某人犯有...
help sb ut 帮助某人摆脱困境save/rescue sb frm sth 使某人免于做某事
treat sb fr 某人因···而接受治疗cure sb f 治好某人的·. . . .
aid sb in ding sth/t d sth (=help sb with sth=assist sb in ding sth)帮助某人做某事
run away/escape/flee/hide frm躲避ban /frbid /keep /prevent /prhibit/stp sb frm ding sth 阻止某人做某事／禁止某人做某事prepare准备
cnfirm证实
acquire获得
searched搜索
recgnised认出
fllwed跟随
invited邀请
gathered聚集、采集
cleaned清除
drpped掉落
checked检查
shake摇晃
light点燃；点亮
measure测量
decrate装饰
jump跳
test测试
climb攀爬
sign up注册，报名
calm dwn冷静下来
check ut退房，结账离开
head ff启程，出发
arrange安排
interrupt中断
cmplete完成
recrd记录
find找到
hide隐藏
start启动
fix修理
set up建立
head ff离开
arrive at到达
break int闯入
remve移动
spt发现
identify确认
adpt收养
vacatin/hliday 假期
spring break 春季休假
summer vacatin 暑假
winter vacatin 寒假
trip/jurney/tr/vyage/travel 旅行 turist 游客
passenger旅客
camping 露营
picnic 野餐
hiking远足
clerk职员
secretary 秘书
passer-by 路人
minister 部长
manager 经理
waitress女服务员
guest 客人
hst 主人
assistant 助手
custmer顾客
neighbur 邻居
relative 亲盛
patient 病人
staff全体雇员
crew 全体工作人员
nurse 护士
teacher 老师
cnductr 售票员
tailr 裁缝
sailr 水手
inventr 发明家
gardener园丁
guard门卫
restaurant 餐馆
kitchen 厨房
menu 菜单 b
ill 账单
rder 点菜
tip 小费
fruit 水果
salad 沙拉
vegetable 蔬菜
clinic 诊所
hspital 医院
dctr 医生
physician (内科)医师
surgen 外科医生
specialist 专家
patient病人
arm胳膊
head头
hair头发
brain 大脑
waist 腰
back 后背
shulder 肩膀
wrist 手腕
knee 膝盖
figure n. 数字；位数；人影
diagram 示意图
table 表格
chart图表
reading 阅读
translatin 翻译
essay 散文
pem 诗歌
paper 报纸
nvel/fictin 小说
article 文章
magazine 杂志
newspaper 报纸
jurnal 日志
diary 日记
file文件夹
frm 表格
dcument 文件；文档
class 课堂
curse 课程
lecture 课
example 例子
message 信息
nte 笔记
wrd 单词
phrase 短语
idim 俚语；成语
subject 科目
questin 问题
truble 麻烦
difficulty 困难
grade 年级
match 比赛
game 比赛
activity 活动
hld a meeting/debate/ceremny 开会／举行辩论赛／举行典礼
sight 视觉
hearing 听觉
tuch 触觉
smell 嗅觉
sense 感觉
mney 金钱
pssessin个人财产
wealth财富
belngings 个人财产
frtune 财富
treasure 财宝
diamnd 钻石
event 赛事
game 比赛
match 比赛
sprts 运动
player 参赛选手
cach 教练
judge 裁判
jgging 漫跑
weightlifting 举重
clthes 衣服（统指各种衣服）
clth布（不可数名词）
clthing衣服（服装的总称)
claim 宣称；声称
admit 承认
deny 否决
annunce 公布
intrduce 介绍
cmment remark 评论
repeat 重复
discuss 讨论
mentin 提起评论
see sb ff 给某人送行
find找到（结果）
lk fr找（过程）
find ut 查明
discver/explre 发现／探索 inspect 视察
hunt fr=search fr=seek/seek fr=in search f 寻找
search sb 搜身
search sb fr sth为寻找某物而搜某人的身
check 检查／核实
examine审问／（仔细地）检查 lest 检测／检验
nthing left什么都没留下 disappear 消失
be missing 失去
gne 没有
rise 上升／升起
g up 增长／上涨
drp减少／降低
arise 增加／提高／举起
increase 增加
decrease 减少
reduce=bring dwn 碱少／降低buy买
purchase 购买
pay fr为……付钱
sell卖／销售
n sale 减价销售
fr sale 待售
bargain 讨价还价／便宜货
cme int being/existence 形成／产生
exist存在
appear 出现
survive 幸存（survivr 幸存者）turn up 出现／被找到
disappear 消失
die ut灭绝pass away 去世
be ut f night看不见
develp 发展／壮大／增强
evlve 进化；演变
imprve 改进／提高
grw生长;种植
grw up 长大（grwn-up 成年人） g bad/wrng/sur变坏／出错／变酸
change/change int 变／变成refrm 改革
arrive at/reach/get t 到达
return t 回到
stay in sp待在某地
visit/pay a visit t参观；拜访
leave fr 动身去
n ne’s way t 在某人去···的路上
upn ne’s arrival at/in一到达. . .
hurt受伤；伤害
injure 意外受伤
bleed出血
get burnt 烧伤
damage损坏
destry破坏
ruin毁灭
be in ruins 沦为废墟
break dwn 发生故障／失败
be brken 坏掉
repair修理
rebuild重建
restre 恢复／修复fix修理agree/disagree 同意／反对
accept 接受
refuse/tum dwn拒绝
be against 反对
rle fr/against 投票赞成／反对
cpy/imitate 模仿
cme abut/take place 发生
break ut 爆发
g ff/explde 爆炸
fasten扎牢 fix安装
set设置
equip装置
be armed with用···武装be equipped/furnished with 装备有predict预测
turn ut 结果是，证明是
ensure确保
realize 意识到，实现
settle 定居，解决
judge 判定，裁决
ignre 忽略
frm 形成
affect 影响，感染
witness 见证
apprve 赞成，批准
recgnize辨认出，承认
spread传播，散播
cmplete 完成
reflect 反射，反映，反省
prve 证明
accmplish 完成实现
vercme 克服
abandn遗弃，放弃
cut ff切除
g up上升
slide dwn滑下
hld nt抓牢
return返回
fight打仗
agree同意
sharpen提高，改善；加强，加重
eventually adv.最终，最后
therwise adv. 否则
nevertheless adv. 然而；不过
lately adv. 最近
besides adv. 除……以外还有
rarely adv.罕见地
splendidly adv.极好地，壮丽地especially adv.特别地，尤其地
finally最终
surprisingly令人意外地
naturally自然地
incident 事件
accident事故
mark分数
academic achievement 学习成绩；学术成就
schlarship 奖学金
degree 学位
bring 无聊的
prud骄傲的
psitive 积极的
ashamed 惭愧的，感到难为情的cnvincing使人信服的,有说服力的
inncent 清白的，无辜的，无知的regular 有规律的
disappinting 令人失望的
equal 平等的，势均力敌的
unique 独一无二的
fundamental 基础的，根本的
determined 坚定的，坚决的reasnable 合理的
key关键的，重点的
cruel 残酷的
mistaken adj. 搞错的；不正确的 accurate adj. 正确的，精确的；精准的
incredible adj. 不可思议的；惊人的；难以置信的；未必可能的
make use f使用，利用
skillfully adv. 巧妙地，精巧地apparently adv. 据说；好像，看来，显然
rutinely adv. 例行公事地；常规地，惯常地；老一套地
benefit n. 好处；优势；福利费；保险金；慈善活动 v. 获益
rebuild v. 重建；使恢复
reduce v. 减少，缩小；使变成；节食
recrd n. 记录，记载
change n. 变化，变革；替代物；找零
apply v. 申请；应用；适用；涂，敷；有关，涉及
lcatin n. 地点，位置
image n. 形象；声誉
rapidly adv. 快速地，迅速地
separately adv. 分别地，单独；分离地；个别地
select v. 选择，选拔；（在计算机屏幕上）选定
design v. 设计；制图；构思
imprve v. 改进；提高
autmatically adv. 自动地；机械地；无意识地
restrictin n. 限制，限定；拘束
spread v. 开展；伸开；传播
shwn up显示
ppnent n. 对手；反对者；敌手riginally adv. 起初，原来；独创地 cntemprary adj. 当代的；同时发生的
identify鉴定，识别
preserve保护，保存
randm 随机的
cnsult咨询
cause原因，事业
sacrifice牺牲
functin功能
interactive相互的，互动的
frmal正式的
relatinship关系
instructin 教导，说明
mre r less或多或少，差不多，几乎
mdern现代的
system系统
evaluate 评价，估价
cmplex adj. 复杂的
assume 假设
thery理论
permanent永久的
applicatin申请，应用程序
sample样本
mderate 中等的，适度的 classificatin 分类
phenmenn 现象
valuable 有价值的，贵重的ccasinally 偶尔地
demnstrate 证明，演示，显示nnsense 废话，荒谬的
n the cntrary 相反
cnclusin 结论
apprpriate 合理的
manufacture 制造，制造业
pssibility 可能性
technlgy 技术
inefficient 效率低的
principle 原则
demanding 要求高的
academic 学术的
annual 每年的
requirement 要求
essential adj. 必要的，重要的hwever然而
therefre因此
similarly相似地
frtunately幸运地
instructin命令
descriptin说明
experiment实验
assumptin假设
cmprehend理解
predict预测
explre探索
ignre忽略
partly部分地
vaguely含糊地
exactly确切地
apprach方法
ability能力
belief看法；信仰
identity身份
purpse目的
relate t有关联
insist n坚持
make up弥补
limitatin限制
requirements必要条件
theries理论
findings检验发现
tentative实验性的
impressive令人印象深刻的
creative创造性的
effective有效的
leadership领导力
assess评估
rganize组织
develp发展，培养
measure测量
bnd纽带lack缺少
management管理
persnality个性
cmmunicatin交流
dcument n. 文件；文档 v. 记录 extinct adj. 灭绝的；废除了的 bidiversity n. 生物多样性
detect v. 发现；查明；测
technlgy n. 科技；技术性机器 bservatin n. 观察；监视；评论 applicatin n. 申请；请求；申请书；运用；生效；应用软件；勤奋；努力；涂抹；施用
authr n. 作者；作家；发起人assistant adj. （用于头衔前）助理的；副的 n. 助手；副手
utnumber vt. 数量多于；比…多 specimen n. 样品；抽样；标本 increasingly adv. 不断增加地 bservatinal adj. 观察的，观测的 investigate v. 调查；研究
statistician n. 统计学家，统计员 illustrate v. 说明；插图于… experiment n. 实验 v. 做实验 estimatin n. 评价，判断；估算 cnduct v. 进行，组织，实施；指挥；传导（热或电）
independent adj. 独立的；无关联的
accurate adj. 精确的；精准的 capitalize vt. 估计…的价值；把…定为首都 vi. 利用
verestimate vt. 对…作过高的评价
underestimate vt. 对…估计不足average adj. 平均的；n. 平均数；平均水平 v. 平均为；算出…的平均数
cancel v. 取消，终止；废除，注销 crrelated adj. 有相互关系的 accuracy n. 精确（性），准确（性）
twist vt. 搓，捻；连结，交结 vi. 扭动；旋转，转动 n. 丝线
phenmenn n. 现象；杰出的人individual adj. 单独的；个人的；独特的 n. 个人；某种类型的人 significantly adv. 有重大意义地dminant adj. 占支配地位的；（基因）显性的
respnse n. 答复；反应
ptential adj. 潜在的 n. 可能性 implicatin n. 含义；可能的影响reveal v. 揭示；展示
encunter v. 遭遇；偶遇 n. 偶遇eye-catching adj. 引人注目的feature n. 特征 v. 以…为特征imperfect adj. 有缺点的，不完美的datasets n. 数据集；资料组versampled 过度采样的
identificatin n. 识别；密切关联riginally adv. 起初，原来psychlgist n. 心理学家
tempt vt. 引诱，怂恿；吸引
device n. 装置，器具；策略preschler n. 学龄前儿童
mechanism n. [生]机制，机能，[乐]机理；（机械）结构，机械装置[作用]，（故事的）结构；机械作用
dramatically adv. 戏剧地；显著地mismatch n. 错配，失谐prize n. 奖品v. 重视；撬动；竭力打探cnnectivity n. 连通性
thughtful adj.缜密思考过的cnsumptin n. 消费，消耗量temptatin n. 诱惑，引诱；诱惑物effectively adv. 有效地
balln n. （热）气球 v. 膨胀，激增relatively adv. 关系上地；相对地
survey n. 调查 v.审察，测量
submit v. 顺从；提交；主张；建议meaningful adj.有意义的
interactin n. 互相影响；互动
participant n. 参加者，参与者；关系者categry n. 种类；类别submissin n.服从；提交
recgnize vt.认出；承认 vi. 确认distinguish v. 区分；辨别出
alternative adj. 可供替代的 ambiguus adj. 模棱两可的；不明确的 apprpriately adv. 恰当地，合适地
randm adj. 随机的；任意的explanatin n. 解释；理由；阐述abnrmal adj. 反常的，不正常的abstract adj. 抽象的v. 写摘要academic adj. 学业的，学术的accelerate v. (使)加快，(使)加速accumulate v. 积累，积聚acquisitin n.获得，得到；获得物allergic adj. 过敏的
apprximately adv. 近似；大约budget n.预算v.谨慎花钱adj.花钱少的calculate vt.计算，预测；估计challenging adj. 具有挑战性的characteristic n.特征；特色adj.典型的
circumstance n. 条件；环境；状况
cincidence n. 巧合，巧事cmpensate v. 弥补，补偿；赔偿cmpnent n.成分；组成部分cntrversial adj.有争议的deliberately adv. 故意地，蓄意地discriminatin n. 歧视；辨别力eliminate vt. 清除；淘汰envirnmentally-related 与环境有关的
fragment n. 碎片；片段influential adj. 有很大影响的ingredient n. 成分，食材；要素，因素
integrate v. (使)合并，(使)结合maximum adj.最多的，最大极限的 n. 最大量，最大限度(反：minimum)
verppulated adj. 人口过多的
perceive v.理解；注意到
permanent adj.长久的，永恒的ppularizatin n.通俗化，普及stimulate v. 刺激；激发；促进transfrmatin n. 转变，改观
alleviate vt. 减轻,使...缓和absent-minded adj.心不在焉的，恍惚的
bacteria n.(复数)细菌
bandage n.绷带
chrnic adj.长期的,慢性的,惯常的capsule n.胶囊vt.装入胶囊
disable v.使...失去能力
disrder n.杂乱,混乱 vt.扰乱discmfrt n.不适vt.使不适diagnse v.诊断 vi. 判断,诊断
dizzy adj，晕眩的vt.使困惑，使晕眩
transplant vt.移植(器官)
prescribe vi.开药方 vt.规定,开处方vitamin n.维生素
prtein adj.蛋白质的n.蛋白质xygen n.氧氧气
sthe v.缓和，使..安静，安慰resistant adj.抵抗的n.抵抗者
immune adj.免除的,免疫的n.免疫者
syndrme n.综合征;典型表现，典型行为
handicap n.障碍 vt.加障碍物surgen n.外科医生
physician n.内科医生
pregnancy n.怀孕
remedy n.治疗法,补救 vt.治疗stress n.压力v.强调vt. 强调
strke n.中风;打击;vt.抚摸
pill n.药丸 vt.服用药丸
tablet n.药片，片状物
scar n.疤痕vt.&vi.使...有伤
qualify vt.取得资格vi.取得资格 undertake vt.从事,承担；负责 cardivascular adj. 心血管的
assign v.分配,指派 赋值
digital adj.数字的,电子的dimensin n.容积n.范围;方面electrical adj.电的,电气科学的electrnic adj.电子的;电子操纵的ptical adj视觉的,光学的
universal adj.通用的,宇宙的n.通用slar adj.太阳的,太阳能的
slid adj.固体的n.固体,实心
mechanical adj.机械的,呆板的precise adj.精确的,准确的,认真的lgical adj符合逻辑的psychlgical adj.心理(学)的
assign v.分配,指派 赋值
digital adj.数字的,电子的dimensin n.容积n.范围;方面electrical adj.电的,电气科学的electrnic adj.电子的;电子操纵的ptical adj视觉的,光学的
universal adj.通用的,宇宙的n.通用slar adj.太阳的,太阳
sidelined v. 使退出比赛( sideline的过去式和过去分词 )；使下场（尤指由于受伤）；把…排除在核心之外；
essential adj. 基本的；根本的 n. 必需品；基本知识
cmplicated adj.复杂的；难处理的understandable adj. 能懂的，可理解的
accessible可进入/使用的infrmative adj. 提供信息的Artificial General Intelligence通用人工智能
tipping pint n. 卸载点；引爆点、临界点、量变到质变的分界点
structured thinking结构化思维abandned adj.废弃的
envirnmentally friendly环保的sustainable adj.可持续的
dispse f丢弃
circumstance n．条件，环境
slid adj.固体的n.固体,实心mechanical adj.机械的,呆板的precise adj.精确的,准确的,认真的lgical adj符合逻辑的psychlgical adj.心理(学)的
phenmenn n.现象，非凡的人或事物
element 成分,元素,基本原理
bilgy n.生物学
evlutin n.进化，发展，进展mathematics n.数学
frmula n.公式;adj.方程式的statistic n.统计数值
carbn n.碳,灯芯,复写纸measurement n.测量,衡量,尺寸,大小
intelligence n.理解力，智力，情报graph n.图表v.用图表表示navigatin n.航行，航海，导航infinite adj.无限的,无穷的n.无限visual adj.视觉的n.可视化mnitr v. 监控 n. 监测仪器
emissin n. 发出；排放（物）pesticide n. 杀虫剂，农药sustainability n.持续性，永续性chemicals n. 化学药品
transfrm v. 使改变形态
radmap n. 路标
frthcming adj. 即将到来的revlutin n. 革命；变革
allcate vt.分配assess v．评估；
估算
bankrupt adj.破产的
bigraphy n．传记
bst v．提高；推动；使增长
civilize v．使文明，开化cmprehensin n．理解cnsciusness n．意识；观念crdinatin n．协调
celebrity n．名人
critically adv.批判性地
depressed adj.萧条的
discipline n．纪律
emergence n．兴起
financial squeeze财政困难
flurish v．繁荣
genuine adj.真的；真诚的
initiative n．倡议，新方案
mdify v．调整；修饰
pursuit n．追求；消遣
spnsr n．赞助者 v．赞助
tragedy n．悲剧
thrive v．旺盛，繁荣
tend v．倾向
dishnest adj.不诚实的vilent behaviurs暴力行为
chas n. 混乱，杂乱
mrality n. 道德；道德观
mral virtues道德美德
cruelty n. 残酷，虐待；不公humbleness n. 谦逊，粗鄙
religin n. 宗教；教派；心爱的事物
scial instincts社会本能
cmmunity n. 社会（团体）
mtivate vt.促动，激发，诱导；刺激
behaviural patterns行为模式 efficient adj. 效率高的
accmpany v. 陪同，陪伴；伴随advantageus adj. 有利的；有好处的
self-discipline自我修养,自律capacity n.容量；才能 adj.无虚席的
strengthen v. 巩固；加强；增强self-cntrl n.自控；自我克制
philsphy n. 哲学；哲学思想；生活信条
minimalism n. 最低纲领，极保守行动
intlerable adj.无法容忍的；难堪slitude n. 单独，孤独
aggressive adj.挑衅的；积极进取的cnceited adj.自负的，傲慢的 frustrate vt. 挫败；使受挫折
lnely adj. 孤独的；寂寞的；偏僻的
stress n.压力；强调 v. 强调
suspect v. 猜想，觉得；怀疑
bully v. 恐吓，威逼
victim n. 受害者；牺牲品
anxiety n. 忧虑，焦虑；渴望 psychlgy n. 心理（学）；思想
psychlgist n. 心理学家self-esteem n. 自尊；自大；傲骨 suicidal thughts自杀念头
neglect v. 疏忽 n. 忽略；怠慢empathy n. 移情作用；同感sympathetic adj. 同情的；赞同的respect n. 尊敬 v. 遵守assertiveness n. 魄力；自信supprtive adj. 支持的，拥护的，赞助的
cmplex adj.复杂的 n. 复合体psychlgical prblem心理问题mental health心理健康
scietal expectatins社会期望verwhelming adj. 势不可
cmpetitive adj. 竞争的；有竞争力的
extracurricular adj.课外的
deprivatin n. 剥夺；丧失；匮乏priritize vt. 按重要性排列；优先处理
verbal abuse言语虐待
scial exclusin n. 社会排斥cyberbullying网上欺凌
ppularizatin n. 普及
emtinal intelligence情绪misunderstand v. 误解
mtivatin n. 动力；积极性
stability n. 稳定；坚定，恒心
acclaim 赞同，称赞
cncerned关心的
appreciatin 欣赏，感
appreciative 感激的，欣赏的apprval 赞成，承认，正式批准apprving 赞成的
cmpensatry 补偿的，赔偿的cnfident 自信的，有信心的defensive 为…而辩护
desirable 值得拥有的，令人满意的
enthusiastic 热情的，积极性的，狂热的
enthusiasm热情，热心
favrable 赞成的，有利的，赞许的frank坦白的，真诚的，直率的influential 有影响的
mdest 谦虚的，适度的
psitive 肯定的，积极的，实际的prfund意义深远的
respectable可敬的，可观的，体面的
satisfactin 满意，满足
sthing镇静的，慰藉的
supprtive支持的，支援的sympathy 同情，同情心，同感，赞同
cnsent同意
impressed / impressive 留下深刻印象的
humrus 幽默的
ambiguus 模棱两可的
warning警告的，引以为戒的unwilling 不情愿的 = reluctant pessimistic悲观的= permissive depressed 沮丧的 = frustrated = glmy hesitancy 犹豫
hesitant 犹豫的，不愿的
arrgant 傲慢的，自大的
biased 有偏见的
cnservative 保守的，守旧cntempt 轻视，耻辱
cntemptuus 轻视的
detestatin 憎恶，厌恶
disapprval 不赞成
disgust 厌恶，反感
dubtful 可疑的，怀疑的
enraged 激怒的
guilty 有罪的，内疚的harmful 有害的
sympathetic 同情的
talented 有才能的，有天赋的tlerance 宽容，容忍
tlerant 宽容的，容忍的understanding 了解，认识，谅解admiring 赞赏的
rewarding 有回报的
instructive 有教育意义的
impulsive 冲动的，任性的indignatin 愤慨indulgence 沉溺，放纵
insulted 受辱的，辱骂的
misleading 令人误解的
negative 否定的，消极的，阴性的
ppsed 反对的
bjectin 异议
ppsitin反对
self-centered 以自我为中心的，自私的
irnic讽刺的 = sarcastic = satiric
disappinted 失望的
radical 激进的
disapprval 不赞成
hstile有敌意的
undesirable 不受欢迎的，不合意的
uneasy 心神不安的
unwrthy 不值得的，无价值的
wrried 闷闷不乐的，焦虑的
cynical愤世嫉俗的
arbitrary 武断的
permissive悲观的
factual 事实的
detached 不含个人偏见的，客观的disinterested 无私的impartial 公平的，不偏不倚的
neutral 中立的 = impersnal ambiguus 模棱两可的cnservative保守的
bjective 客观的
bjectiveness客观性
unbiased 没有偏见的
unprejudiced 公平的，无偏见的，没有成见的
cautius谨慎的
cautiusness 谨慎，小心
curisity 好奇，好奇心
puzzled 困惑的，迷惑的
subjective 主观的
apprehensive 担心的
intlerant不能容忍的，偏执的critical批评的，挑剔的，决定性的criticism 批评
cmprmising 妥协的
dissatisfied 不满意的
infrmative 提供资讯的
frmal 正式的
infrmal 非正式的
sensitive 敏感的
discntent不满的
dubius 怀疑的
questining 质疑的
uncertain 态度不明的
unclear不确定的
skeptical 怀疑
skepticism 怀疑
suspicin 怀疑，猜疑
questinable 可疑的
discriminatin歧视
discriminated 歧视的
prejudice偏见
prejudiced 偏见的
bias 偏见
biased 偏见的
unfair 不公平的，不公正的
cntemptuus 轻蔑的，鄙视的，侮辱的
scrnful 轻蔑的，鄙视的
inequality 不平等
cntemptible 令人轻视的，可轻视的
indifference 漠不关心
indifferent 漠不关心的
uninterested 不感兴趣的uncncerned 不关心的
carefree 不关心的
apathetic 冷漠的= impassive 冷漠的
uncertainty 不确定
uncertain 不确定的
puzzled 困惑的= cnfused
ambiguus模棱两可的
unclear不清楚的
tlerant 容忍的
tlerance 容忍
indulgence 放纵，沉溺
indulged 放纵的
indulgent 放纵的
permissive 放纵的
sacrifice 牺牲
sacrificial 牺牲的
satiric 讽刺的
enthusiastic 热情的
strngly 强烈地，强有力的desperate绝望的
cnceited 自负的
destructive 破坏性的，毁灭性的
mcking 嘲讽的
able有才干的，能干的
active 主动的，活跃的
adaptable适应性强的
aggressive有进取心的
alert机灵的
ambitius有雄心壮志的
analytical善于分析的
apprehensive有理解力的argumentative好争辩的
aspiring有志气的，有抱负的attractive有魅力的，有吸引力的bad-tempered 脾气暴的
bigmuth多嘴多舌的
bland冷漠的
bssy 专横跋扈的
brave勇敢的
brilliant有才气的，聪颖的
capable有才能的
caring体贴的，有同情心的
cheerful开朗的
childish 幼稚的
cmical滑稽的
cmpetent能胜任的cnfident有信心的
cnsiderate体贴的
cnstructive建设性的
cperative合作精神的
curageus勇敢的，有胆量的creative富有创造力的
cultured有教养的
dashing有一股子冲劲的demanding苛刻的
determined坚决的
devted有献身精神的
dependable可靠的
depressing沉闷的
disciplined守纪律的
dishnest不诚实的
disrganized无组织的
dutiful尽职的
easy-ging随和的
efficient有效率的
energetic精力充沛的
enthusiastic充满热情的
expressive善于表达的
faithful守信的，忠诚的
frceful性格坚强的
frgetful健忘的
frank直率的，真诚的
friendly友好的
funny有趣的，古怪的
generus慷慨大方的，宽宏大量的gentle有礼貌的，绅士般的
greedy 贪婪的
hard-wrking勤劳的
helpful助人的，有益的
helpless无助的，没用的
hnest诚实的
humrus幽默的
incnsiderate轻率的
independent有主见的
initiative 有首创精神的
inventive有发明才能的
just 正直的
kind-hearted好心的
knwledgeable有见识的
learned精通某学问的
lyal忠心耿耿的
mean吝啬的
methdical有方法的
mdest谦虚的
mdy情绪化的
mtivated目标明确的
narrw-minded心胸狭窄
nisy聒噪的
bjective客观的
pen-minded虚心的
ptimistic乐观的
rderly守纪律的
riginal有独创性的
utging外向友好的
painstaking辛勤的，苦干的，刻苦的
passinate充满热情的
pessimistic悲观的
plite有礼貌的
ppular受欢迎的
practical实际的
purpseful意志坚强的
pushy有进取心的
persnality有个性的人
qualified合格的
realistic实事求是的
reasnable讲道理的
reliable可信赖的
respnsible负责的
rmantic浪漫的，空想的self-cnscius自觉的
selfish自私的
selfless \ unselfish无私的
sensible明白事理的
sensitive敏感的
sincere真诚的
skeptical多疑的
smart精明的
sciable好交际的
spirited生气勃勃的
steady踏实的，稳定的straightfrward老实的
strict严格的
supprtive助人的
strng-willed意志坚强的sympathetic有同情心的
thughtful体贴人的
talented有才能的，有天赋的
tireless孜孜不倦的
tlerant容忍的
virtuus善良的,道德高尚的
trustful容易相信人的
trustwrthy值得信任的understanding理解人的
ungrateful不领情的
upright正直的
sweet-tempered性情温和的
1.跟…有关 be related t= be assciated with= be linked t= be cnnected with
2.多种多样 a variety f +n. /varieties f +n. =varius +n. =all kinds f=all srts f = diversities f
3.提前 in advance, ahead f time, ahead f schedule
4.厌烦 be tired/sick f=be bred with=be fed up with
5.区分 distinguish/tell A frm B
6.亲自 persnally, in persn
7.只有 nly, nbdy/nthing but
8.出版 cme ut, be published
9.尤其 particularly, in particular
10.锻炼 exercise, wrk ut
11.谋生 make/earn a living
12.代表 represent, stand fr, (be) n behalf f
13.结合 cmbine, mix sth.up
14.前进 advance, mve frward
15.舒适 cmfrtable, at ease
16.十年 decade, ten years
17.两周 frtnight, tw weeks
18.二十 scre, twenty
19.十二 dzen, twelve
20.成人 adult, grwn-up
21.删除 delete, cut ut
22.回答 answer, reply t
23.进入enter, cme/g int
24.雇用某人emply/hire sb, take sb n
25.移走 remve, take away
26.吸收 absrb, take in
27.与…一致 agree/be cnsistent/crrespnd with
28.缺席 be absent frm, be nt present at
29.收割 harvest, gather, get in
30.抵制 byctt, refuse t accept, resist, reject
31.与...相反/对立 cntradict, be ppsite t
32.放弃 abandn, g away frm, leave, give up
33.代替 replace, take the place f
34.背诵 recite, learn…by heart
35.害怕 fear, be afraid/scared f
36.退（学） quit, drp ut f (schl)
37.推迟 delay, pstpne, put ff
38.去拿来 fetch, g and bring back
39.相匹配 match, g with
40.精力充沛 energetic, full f energy
41.少数 a minrity f, a small number f
42.打扰 cause truble t, bther, disturb
43.描述 describe, give a descriptin f
44.后来 afterwards, after that, later n
45.目前 nwadays, at present, at the present time
46.取消 cancel, call ff
47.宣布 annunce/declare sth, make sth knwn t the public
48.逃跑 escape, run away
49.担心 wrry abut, be cncerned/anxius abut
50.提到 mentin, refer t, talk abut/f
51.展览 n shw/display/exhibitin
52.勇敢（去做） be brave t, have curage t
53.违法的 illegal, nt legal, against the law
54.满足需要 cater t/meet/satisfy the need
55.重力gravity, the pull f the earth
56.算出calculate, figure ut
57.与…不同differ frm, be different frm, vary frm…t…
58.高兴起来cheer up, becme happy
59.乱七八糟in a mess, in disrder
60.气喘吁吁breathless, ut f breath
61.做出决定determine, decide, make a decisin
62.对……有害d harm t, be harmful t
63.相似，相像resemble, be like, be similar t
64.低语，耳语whisper, speak in a lw vice
65.寻找，追求seek, lk/search/hunt fr
66.茫然，困惑at a lss, puzzled/cnfused
67.取笑，逗弄tease, make fun f, laugh at, amuse
68.提高，改善imprve, make/becme better
69.庆祝celebrate, hld a celebratin
70.长胖put n/gain weight, grw fat
71.熟悉knw…well, be familiar with
72.处理handle, settle, deal with, cpe with
73.到处everywhere, here and there
74.加速accelerate, speed up, quicken
75.保证，确保ensure, guarantee, make sure/certain
76.一年一次的annual, yearly, every year
77.挨饿，饿死starve, g hungry, die frm hunger
78.充当；起……的作用act as, serve as
79.榜样mdel, example
80.怒视glare at, lk at sth angrily
81.平静的calm, nt excited
82.抽象的abstract, nt specific
83.积极的active, nt passive
84.残酷地cruelly, withut mercy, mercilessly
85.复杂的cmplicated, nt simple, cmplex
86.人造的artificial, man-made
87.故意地deliberately, n purpse, purpsely
88.独自地alne, by neself
89.有危险in danger, at risk
90.占...比例accunt fr, make up
91.青少年adlescent, teenager
92.看医生g t see/cnsult a dctr
93.更喜欢prefer sth, like sth better
94.使生气anny sb, make sb angry
95.报道此事cver/reprt the event
96.很多a lt (f), a great deal (f)
97.影响交通hld up/blck traffic
98.澄清，阐明clarify, make sth clear
99.可得到的be available, be easily gt
100.试验try ut, test
101.无论如何anyhw, in any way
102.在……后面behind, at the back f
103.无论什么whatever, n matter what
104.使某人高兴cheer sb up, make sb happy
105.得出结论cnclude, draw a cnclusin
106.聪明的clever, bright, wise, smart
107.做报告give a presentatin/talk/speech
108.辍学，退学drp ut f/leave schl
109.出国g abrad, g t a freign cuntry
110.控告accuse sb f sth, charge sb with sth
111.置若罔闻turn a deaf ear t, refuse t listen t
112.使能做某事enable sb t d, make sb able t d
113.不理，忽视ignre, verlk, pay n attentin t
114.受欢迎的be ppular with, be well received (by...)
115.成功做某事manage t d sth, succeed in ding sth
116.把...分开 break sth apart, split/divide/separate sth
117.劝某人做 advise sb t d, try t persuade sb t d
118.方式，方法way, slutin, apprach, methd, means
119.信任，信赖 trust, believe, have cnfidence/faith in
120.制订计划make a plan, wrk ut a plan, draw up a plan
121.开始存在appear, cme int being, cme int existence
122.在农村，城市 in the cuntryside/city, rural/urban areas
123.除……之外besides, as well as, in additin t, apart frm
124.用...替换 replace…with, use…as an alternative t…
125.情况良好in (a) gd cnditin, in a gd state/situatin
126.可进入／接近的be accessible, be easy t enter/reach/use
127.再一次again, nce mre, nce again, ver and ver again
128.对……全然不知be in the dark abut, knw nthing abut
129.把某物分配给某人allcate sth t sb, divide sth amng sb
130.认为think/believe that, hld the view that, argue/claim that
131.用完某物run ut f sth, lack sth, sth run ut, sth be used up
132.防...止疾病prtect…frm sickness, avid/prevent sickness
133.值得，应得deserve sth, be wrthy f sth, be wrth ding sth
134.反对be against, ppse, bject t, disagree with, disapprve f
135.老年人ld peple, the ld, senir citizens, the aged, the elderly
136.劝某人不要做 discurage sb frm ding, persuade sb nt t d
137.有机会使用／做have access t sth, have the chance f ding sth
138.充满 be full f, be filled with, be flded with, be crwded with
139.下降，减少 decline, cme/g dwn, drp, fall, decrease, reduce
140.突然笑/哭起来burst int laughter/tears, burst ut laughing/crying
141.告诉某人某事tell sb sth, infrm sb f sth, keep sb infrmed f sth
142.宁做A不做B d A rather than (ding) B, d A instead f (ding) B
143.对某人生气get angry with sb, get crss with sb, be annyed with sb
144.全世界all ver/arund the wrld, wrldwide, glbally, internatinally
145.吸引某人interest/attract/draw sb, appeal t sb, catch sb’s eye/attentin
146.优于，胜过have the advantage ver, have the edge ver, be better than
147.重要 cunt, matter, be imprtant, significant, vital, crucial/be f imprtance
148.致力于apply/bend/cmmit/devte neself t, be bent/cmmitted/devted t
149.旨在做aim/be aimed at ding, be designed/intended t d, be meant t d sth
150.偶然地 incidentally, accidentally, by chance/ accident/ cincidence, casually, ccasinally
151一…就… n ding; immediately, directly, instantly; the mment, the minute, the secnd, the instant; as sn as, n sner…than, hardly/scarcely…when
第二组
1.away frm 除了…之外=aside frm=n tp f = ther than= in additin t= as well as except fr= except =but
2.by neself 靠自己，独自= (all) n ne’s wn= (all) alne fr neself 为自己
3.be in pssessin f…拥有=be pssessed f…= pssess…= take pssessin f
4.lk after…照顾= take care f… = care fr…= deal with… = attend t…
5.lk n/upn A as B 把A视为B=think f A as B=view A as B =see A as B =regard A as B = cnsider A as B
6.表示“阻止、防止、禁止”的动词都可以与frm连用
ban/ prhibit/ restrict/ restrain sb frm ding sth 禁止某人做某事
prevent/stp sb (frm) ding sth 阻止某人做某事=keep sb frm ding sth例外：frbid sb t d sth 禁止某人做某事
7.have a liking fr… 喜欢= like/lve/enjy…= be fnd f…
8.t be frank with yu, 坦白说/ 老实说= frankly speaking, …= t tell yu the truth,… = t be hnest (with yu), …
9.feel at ease感到轻松 =feel relaxed nt feel at ease 感到不安 =feel unease
10.lk ut fr…小心/注意…=watch ut fr…
11.by n means 决不，绝不= nt… by any means=nt…at all=nt …in the least=nt …in the slightest
=under n circumstances以上结构用于句首时，使用部分倒装的结构
12.burst int tears 突然大哭 =burst ut crying burst int laughter 突然大笑 =burst ut laughing
13.fr nthing 免费=fr free = free=withut payment
14.fr the time being目前= fr the present
15.see t it + that从句 务必确定…=make sure + that从句 =ensure that从句（其中that后接从句，大多使用一般时态、完成时态）
16.be tired frm +名词/代词/动名词（ding） 因…而疲劳/累be tired f +名词/代词/动名词（ding）对…厌倦
be sick and tired f +名词/代词/动名词（ding）对…厌倦 相当于be sick f与be tired f的结合，起到强大作用 相当于be bred with…或be fed up with…
17.lk dwn n/upn 轻视/瞧不起某人= despise/scrn/disdain
18.lk up t sb 尊敬某人= respect sb = hld sb in high esteem
19.make up fr… 为…补偿；弥补= cmpensate fr…（高考考过）
20.the rad t +名词 通往…之道= the key t +名词...的钥匙/答案
21.Hw’s it ging with yu? 你近来如何？=Hw are yu (ding)?
22. n purpse 故意地=deliberately =intentinally
23.be ut f wrk 失业/不上班=be ut f a jb=be unemplyed
24.n the dt一分不差地/准时=t the minute = exactly
25.by the minute 一分一秒地=minute by minute =each/every minute
26.in a minute 待会儿= in a secnd = in a mment
27.keep in tuch with 与…联络= keep in cntact with …=make cntact with… =cntact…
28.cme up with… 想出/提出…（答案，主意等）=figure ut…=hit n/upn= put frward
29.make sb ut t be 断言某人是…= think/maintain/assert that sb is
30.make ut 了解…= understand =take in
31.What d yu say t ding sth? 做…你让我如何？=Hw/What abut ding sth?
32.stuff A with B 以B填塞A= stuff B int A
33.fr all… 尽管…=despite… = in spite f…
34.be bund fr +地点名词 开往/驶往某地= head fr = leave fr = make fr =start fr =set ff/ut fr
35.be bund t + 名词 被绑在…上=be tied t= be fastened t= be attached t
36.prefer t d + rather than d 喜欢做…胜于做/而不喜欢做=prefer t d + instead f ding
37.fr gd 永远地；永久地=fr gd and all= frever = fr ever = fr ever and ever= eternally = permanently
38.wnder at 对…感到惊异=be amazed at
39.fr all I knw, … 就我所知，…=as far as I knw, …=s far as I knw, …= t my knwledge, …
= t my understanding, … be beynd ne’s understanding 超过某人是所能理解的范围
40.in the interest f 对…有利的=fr the benefit f
41.be in cperatin with 与…合作cperate with 与…合作
42.put…int practice 将…付诸实施/施行= put…int actin= carry ut…put…in/int practice 将…付诸实行
in practice 实际上= =in reality
43.put aside… 存（钱等）=set aside… =save…
44.A get acquainted with B A与B认识= A make B’s acquaintance acquaint vt.使认识
45.buy sth fr +钱 用多少钱买某物=buy sth at the cst/price/rate f +钱 以某价格买某物=pay钱 fr sth
buy sth fr sb 买某物给某人（高考英语考过）= buy sb sth
46.be abve ding sth 不愿意/不屑于…= be unwilling t d sth=be reluctantly
47.keep up with 跟上/赶上；与…并驾齐驱=keep pace with=keep abreast f
48.industrius 勤奋的=hardwrking =diligent
49.be secnd t nne 不亚于任何人/物，= be the best=have n peer/rival/equal=be withut ne’s peer
无人能出其右，没有敌手be secnd t +名词/代词 仅次于…
50.all f a sudden 突然；忽然= all at nce = suddenly =sharply= ut f the blue= withut warning
51.cheat n sb 对某人不忠=be nt faithful t sb
52. learn…by heart 将…背起来=memrize注：recite 指发声背出
53. g n with 继续从事=get n with =cntinue (with)
54. at ne’s leisure 在某人空闲/有空时=in ne’s free/spare time leisure 闲暇，空闲
55.cme acrss 无意间发现…= happen n =encunter
56.run int sb 与某人不期而遇；偶遇= bump int sb = encunter sb
57.cme t 苏醒；恢复知觉= cme arund = cme rund
58.by degree 渐渐地= little by little = gradually
59.be in charge f 负责…= be respnsible fr… 负责…（对…负责）= take respnsibility fr…（对/为…负责）
be respnsible t sb fr sth 对某人负责某事
60.because f 因为/由于=wing t =n accunt f = due t
61.bring n 导致/引起=bring abut = lead t = lead up t=cntribute t =cause= accunt fr=make fr=result in (result frm…起因于…)
62.withut result 没有成效= t n avail = in vain = fr nthing
63.with the cming f… 随着…的到来= with the appraching f…
64.n the cntrary 相反地= instead
65.at a strke 一口气；一次= withut stpping
66.with a view t ding sth 为了从事/为了做某事=with an eye t ding sth =fr the purpse f + ding sth
= in rder t d （可句首、句中）= s as t d （多用于句中）
67.the key t… 开启…的的钥匙/秘诀the slutin t sth …的解决方法the answer t sth …的答案
68.in place f 取代…=instead f
69.identify with… 同情…，认同…
70.be particular abut 对…挑剔= be picky abut= find fault with sb
71.be under repair 在修理中= be being repaired
72.inquire int 调查…= lk int = investigate
73.inquire after sb 问候某人的健康状况= ask fr sb
74.lk frward t +名词/代词/ding 期待…=expect t d= anticipate +名词/代词/ding
75.be keen n/abut… 热衷于…= be enthusiastic abut
76.be capable f ding sth 有能力做…= be able t d sth
77.t sme extent 就某种程度上来说= t sme degree = in a sense
78.t the end 到最后= t the bitter end
79.jke abut 对…开玩笑=make fun f=play jkes/a jke n sb= play tricks/a trick n sb
80.at heart 心地上，本质上=by nature
81.be bent n ding sth 一心想要做某事
= be determined t d sth
82.n/upn sth/ding sth, +主语+动词… 一…，就… =as sn as +主语+动词，+主句（主语+动词…）
83.be prud f 为…感到骄傲/自豪= take pride in = pride neself n
84.be typical f 是…的特征/写照= be characteristic f
85. tell A frm B 区别A于B的不同/差异= tell the difference between A and B=tell A and B apart
=distinguish A frm B
86.set up 建立=fund =establish
87.set abut (ding) sth 开始着手= set ut t d sth=begin/start t d =begin/start ding/sth
88.devte …t… 将…致力于/献身于…=dedicate …t…
89.apprve f… 赞同disapprve f… 反对/不赞成apprve （及物动词为“批准、核准”）
90.turn ut (t be) 结果是（系动词）=prve (t be)
91.turn up 出现，到达= shw up =arrive, appear
92.be free frm… 没有…/脱离…=be free f…= be withut…
93.be dressed in… 穿着…= have n…= be wearing…
94.be different frm 与…不同= differ frm be indifferent frm 对…漠不关心
95.play a big/an imprtant part in (ding) sth 在…方面扮演重要角色play a big/an imprtant rle in (ding) sth
96.be blivius f 忘却…=be frgetful f =frget…
97.d away with… 除去/摆脱…= get rid f…
98.put up with 容忍=tlerate =bear =stand=withstand
99.be famus fr +名词/代词/动名词 因…而出名=be knwn fr = be nted fr be ntrius fr 因…而恶名昭彰
100. keep t the rules 坚守规则= stick t the rules=cnfrm t the rules =cmply with the rules
101. be unaware f 不知道…= be uncnscius f
102. be cnfident f 对…有信心= have cnfidence in
103. be thankful t sb fr ding sth 因某事感激某人= be grateful t sb fr ding sth= be bliged t sb fr ding sth= be indebted t sb fr ding sth
104. be incapable f 无能力做某事=be unable t d
105. be senir sb by年 比某人年长…岁=be lder than sb by 年 be junir sb by年 比某人年幼…岁= be yunger than sb by年 prir t… 在…前= befre
106. by +时间 最迟不超过某时间= nt later than =befre
107. be fr sth 赞成 =be in favr f sthbe against 反对 =be ppsed t
108. be ppsed t (ding) sth 反对…=bject t (ding) sth =ppse (ding) sth
109. cme ff 发生，举行=cme abut= take place = happen = ccur
110. succeed t 继承= take ver = inherit
111. cnsist in 在于… = lie in
112. cnsist f 由…组成=be made up f =be cmpsed f
113. run after 追逐/追求…= chase be after sb = be chasing sb 追赶某人
114.be sensitive t （心理上）对…敏感be allergic t （生理上）对…敏感/过敏be sensible f 感觉到…的
=be aware f =be cnscius f 知道…
115. call n sb t d 呼吁/要求某人做某事=urge sb t d =ask sb t d
116. call sb dwn 责骂/责备某人=scld sb = tell sb ff
117. depend n 依赖/指望=rely n =cunt n =lk t sb = turn t sb都可以后接sb t d sth 指望/依赖某人去做某事，都可以后接fr sth depend n sb fr help 指望/求助于某人的帮助=lk t sb fr help=cunt n sb fr help=rely n sb fr help =turn t sb fr help
118. lk fr 寻找 =search/ hunt/ seek fr lk t 指望/依赖 lk t sb fr help 指望/依赖某人帮忙
119. with regard t 关于…=in regard t =with respect t =in respect f=cncerning =regarding=as t =abut, n
120. take A fr B 误将A当作B= mistake A fr B
121. call n sb 拜访某人= pay a visit t sb= pay sb a visit =visit call fr 需要…（主语多为sth）= require
122. call ff 取消 =cancel
123. be equal t 胜任=be cut ut fr =be cmpetent fr
124. get thrugh with 做完= be thrugh with = finish= be finished with = be dne with
125. fr ages 好长一段时间=fr a lng time
126. fr the time being 目前=fr the present
127. live a …life 过着…的生活=lead a…life = have a …life
128. be in high spirits 心情很好=be in gd md=be in gd humr
be in lw spirits 心情很差=be in a bad md=be in a bad humr
129. be thrugh sth 经历某事= experience sth =underg sth =g thrugh sth
130. in detail 详细地= at length
131. stand fr 代表/表示=represent=be n behalf f=symblize
132. present sb with sth 赠与某物给某人=present sth t sb
133. prvide sb with sth 提供某物给某人= prvide sth fr sb=supply sb with sth=supply sth t sb=affrd sb sth
=affrd sth t sb
134. be brught up 被抚养长大= be raised= be reared bring up = raise 将某人抚养长大
135. agree with sb 和某人看法相同= see eye t eye with sb
136. attend t 对…专注= pay attentin t= be attentive t
137. take n 带有/呈现出…= assume
138. take after 和…相像=resemble
139. make fun f 取笑…= tease
140. brush…aside 忽视/漠视=ignre
141. brush up n 复习=g ver =review =revise
142. hpe fr sth 期待/希望…=wish fr =lng fr = desire
143. g with 与…相配=match
144. turn dwn 拒绝=reject =refuse
145. keep ff… 远离…；不让…接近=stay away frm
146. by accident 不经意间；无意地；偶然地=by chance =accidentally =unexpectedly
147. take …ff…. 将…从…取下来 take …ut f… 把…拿出来从…= take …frm…
148. blame sb fr sth 因为…责怪某人；把某事归罪于某人身上= blame sth n sb=lay/ place/ put the blame n sb fr sth
149. talk sb int ding sth 说服某人做某事=persuade sb t d sth
150. talk sb ut f ding sth 说服某人不要做某事=persuade sb nt t d sth=dissuade sb frm ding sth
速查04 语法填空高考高频词汇
1.牢记动词转换成名词的规律
（1）动词变名词：①动词（以t/te/ze/ce/ve结尾）+后缀-in/-tin 变名词
②动词+后缀-atin变名词
③动词 + 后缀-ment 变名词
④动词+后缀-sin/-ssin变名词
⑤动词 + 后缀-ance 变名词
⑥动词 + 后缀-al 变名词
⑦动词 + 后缀-ant 变名词
⑧动词 + 后缀-ure 变名词
⑨动词 + -age 变名词
⑩动词 + 后缀-ence / -ency 变名词
⑪动词 + 后缀-y （包括+-ry / -cy） 变名词
⑫动词+后缀-catin/-actin变名词
⑬动词+后缀-ptin变名词
⑭动词+后缀-itin变名词
⑮动词 + 后缀-t 变名词
⑯动词 + 后缀-sis 变名词
⑰动词 + 后缀-ice 变名词
⑱动词 + 后缀-ety 变名词
⑲动词+表示“人”的后缀
（2）牢记形容词转换为名词的规律
形容词变名词：①形容词 + 后缀-ity 变名词
②形容词 + 后缀-ty 变名词
③形容词 + 后缀-th 变名词
④形容词 + 后缀-ness 变名词
⑤形容词 + 后缀-ce 变名词
⑥形容词 + 后缀-cy 变名词
⑦形容词 + 后缀-y 变名词
⑧形容词 + 后缀-dm 变名词
⑨形容词 + 后缀-ism 变名词
⑩形容词 + 后缀-age 变名词
⑪形容词 + 后缀-tin 变名词
⑫形容词 + 后缀-ship 变名词
⑬形容词 + 后缀-ght 变名词
⑭形容词 + 后缀-ice 变名词
⑮特殊的形容词变名词
（3）形容词转化成动词①形容词 +后缀 -en 变动词
②前缀en- + 形容词 变动词
③形容词 + 后缀-ize 变动词
④形容词 + 后缀-ate 变动词
⑤形容词 + 后缀-ify 变动词
（4）名词转化成动词
（5）牢记动词转化为形容词的规律
①动词 + 后缀-ed 变形容词
②动词 + 后缀-ing 变形容词
③动词 + 后缀-able / -ible 变形容词
④动词 + 后缀-ive 变形容词
⑤动词 + 后缀-ant 变形容词
⑥动词 + 后缀-ent 变形容词
⑦动词 + -us 变形容词
⑧动词 + 后缀-ful 变形容词
⑨动词 + 后缀-less 变形容词
⑩动词 + 后缀-y 变形容词
⑪动词 + 后缀-ary 变形容词
⑫动词 + 后缀-ate 变形容词
（6）名词转化为形容词的高频词形转换规律
①名词 + 后缀 -y 变形容词
②名词 + 后缀 -ly 变形容词
③名词 + 后缀 -al 变形容词
④名词 + 后缀 -ful 变形容词
⑤名词 + 后缀 -less 变形容词
⑥名词 + 后缀 -ate 变形容词
⑦名词 + 后缀 -able / -ible 变形容词
⑧名词 + 后缀 -ive 变形容词
⑨名词 + 后缀 -us 变形容词
⑩名词 + 后缀 -ish 变形容词
⑪名词 + 后缀 -ic 变形容词
⑫名词 + 后缀 -ed 变形容词
⑬名词 + 后缀 -ing 变形容词
⑭名词 + 后缀 -an / -ian 变形容词
⑮名词 + 后缀 -en 变形容词
⑯名词 + 后缀 -ern 变形容词
⑰名词 + 后缀 -sme 变形容词
⑱名词 + 后缀 -ar 变形容词
⑲名词 + 后缀 -ary 变形容词
⑳名词 + 后缀 -ant变形容词
㉑名词 + 后缀 -ent 变形容词
（7）形容词转化为副词的高频词形转换词汇
①绝大多数辅音字母加e结尾的形容词直接加-ly
②直接加ly
③以"辅音字母+y"结尾，把y变成i再加ly
④词尾为ic加-ally
⑤以le结尾，去e加-y:
速查05 高考应用文写作16个高频高级句式
第一部分 运用非谓语动词，简明扼要
应用文写作满分攻略1--分词作结果状语
（2025·全国一卷）Redubling effrts t bst academic perfrmance, we pay little heed t ther classmates’ persnalities, hbbies, strengths, and even aspiratins.我们加倍努力提升学业成绩，却很少关注其他同学的性格、兴趣爱好、优势乃至抱负。
（2025·全国一卷）Such an inviting clumn, adpting a “descriptin and guess” apprach, must expse everyne t thers’ characteristics, thus strengthening mutual understanding.这种采用“描述与猜测”方法的引人入胜的专栏，必须让每位读者了解他人的特征，从而增进相互理解。
（2025·天津第一次）Visitrs can engage in hands-n activities like virtual reality experiences and DIY wrkshps, making their visits mre immersive and appealing.游客可参与虚拟现实体验及DIY工作坊等互动活动，使参观过程更具沉浸感与吸引力。
(2024新高考1卷)My piece received cmmendatins frm bth my instructr and peers,filling me with pride and mtivatin t cntinue imprving my artistic skills.我的作品受到了我的导师和同行的赞扬，让我充满了自豪和动力,以继续提高我的艺术技能。
应用文写作满分攻略2--不定式作目的状语
1.（2026年1月·浙江卷）Let’s make a jint effrt t prtect ur library bks and ensure wisdm is passed dwn n clean pages.让我们携手保护图书馆藏书，让智慧得以在洁净的书页间代代相传。
2.In rder t enrich ur scial experiences, varius activities are being held and I picked cking class where we can learn basic knife skills, fd decrating and traditinal cking methds. 为了丰富我们的社交体验，我们开展了多种活动，我报名参加了烹饪课程，学习了基本刀工技巧、食物装饰以及传统烹饪方法。
第二部分 运用并列句nt als...，强调意义升级
应用文写作满分攻略3--并列句nt als...
（2025·天津第二次）They display nt nly histrical relics but als artwrks and mdern scientific achievements, catering t diverse interests. 这些场所不仅陈列历史文物，还展示艺术作品与现代科技成果，满足多元化的参观需求。
（2025年1月·浙江卷）Nt nly may it distract us frm ur studies and even disrupt the schl rder, but it might als cause unnecessary cmparisns and affect ur self-esteem when the vides dn’t get the expected respnse.这不仅可能分散我们对学习的注意力，甚至扰乱校园秩序，当视频未能获得预期反应时，还可能导致不必要的比较并影响我们的自尊心。
第三部分 运用三大从句，让表达内容更丰满
应用文写作满分攻略4--主句，which/wh/whse等引导的非限制性定语从句
（2025·全国二卷）Yur insights int Canadian sprts will surely enrich ur readers’ understanding f glbal sprts culture, which will be f benefit t us.您对加拿大体育的深刻见解必将丰富读者对全球体育文化的理解，这对我们自身也将大有裨益。
（2025·全国一卷）I’m writing t express that my predilectin ges t “Guess wh I am”, which capitalizes n an bject clause t signal its ptential cntents.写信是想说明，我最钟爱的是《猜猜我是谁》，它巧妙运用宾语从句来暗示潜在内容。
应用文写作满分攻略5 状语从句，主句，if/when/whether等引导的状语从句
（2025·天津第一次）Whether yu’re a histry enthusiast, an art lver, r simply eager t learn, museums have smething fr everyne.无论您是历史爱好者、艺术鉴赏家，还是单纯渴望求知，博物馆总能为您提供丰富体验。
（2025·天津第二次）If aliens ever cme acrss the disc, a universal greeting will be a warm and friendly invitatin fr them t learn mre abut ur beautiful planet and the peple n it.如果外星人真的发现了这张光盘，他们将收到一条充满温暖与友好的通用问候信息，邀请他们进一步了解我们这颗美丽的星球以及生活在这颗星球上的居民。
应用文写作满分攻略6-- There is n dubt/denying that...毫无疑问/不可否认….
(2024新高考1卷)There is n denying dubt that it was a challenging task t balance the clrs and the lighting.不可否认，平衡颜色和灯光是一项具有挑战性的任务。
应用文写作满分攻略7--The reasn that...…的原因是… 动词+that宾语从句
(2023新高考1卷)The reasn why I have different ideas is that randmly pairing up students may lead t an imbalanced prblem.我有不同想法的原因是，随机配对学生可能会出现不平衡问题。
（2025·天津第二次） It reminds us that despite ur varius cultures and histries, we share the same desire t cmmunicate and cnnect with each ther.这提醒我们，尽管我们的文化与历史各不相同，但我们同样渴望彼此沟通与联系。
第四部分 运用it句式，句式灵活亮眼
应用文写作满分攻略8--It be+过去分词(said/believed/suppsed/reprted)+that..从句/不定式短语
(2024新高考1卷)It is widely accepted by us students that this class ffered us the access t learning art frm the real life rather than the textbks.我们学生普遍接受的是,这门课为我们提供了从现实生活而不是教科书中学习艺术的途径。
（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）I think it’s nt a gd idea t randmly pair up students fr the spken English training after class. 我认为在课后随意安排学生进行口语训练并非明智之举。
应用文写作满分攻略9--主语+谓语动词+it+that..从句/不定式短语
[2023·新高考Ⅰ卷] I’d appreciate it if yu culd take my suggestins int serius accunt.恳请您认真考虑我的建议。
[2022·全国乙卷] Therefre, make it a pint t read extensively beynd the classrm and we can reap mre than we expected.因此，务必广泛阅读课堂之外的书籍，我们就能收获超出预期的成果。
第五部分 运用特殊句式，表达更加有力类型
应用文写作满分攻略10--Only+副词/介词短语/状语从句+助动词/系动词+主语+谓语+宾语
(2026年1月浙江卷)Only in this way can we enjy the pleasure f reading tgether. 唯有如此，我们才能共享共读的乐趣。
[2020·全国卷Ⅱ] Exhausted as we were, we were mre than pleased with this meaningful experience.尽管我们已精疲力竭，但对这次富有意义的经历仍感到非常满意。
(2024新高考1卷)Only in this innvative frm f art educatin was I prvided with an pprtunity t appreciate the beauty f art.只有在这种创新的艺术教育形式中,我才得到一次机会去欣赏艺术的美。
应用文写作满分攻略11--adj./n./adv.+as+主语+谓语，主句
(2023新高考1卷)True as it is that randmly pairing up students can cntribute t mre interactin tsme extent, there may als be sme ptential prblems that cannt be ignred.诚然，随机配对的学生可以在一定程度上促进更多的互动,也可能存在一些不可忽视的潜在问题。
应用文写作满分攻略12--S+adj./adv.十系动词/助动词+主语+其他
(2023新高考1卷)S excited and privileged am I t hear the news that yu will hld an ral English curse fr ur students.听到你将为我们的学生开办一门英语口语课程的消息,我感到非常兴奋和荣幸。
应用文写作满分攻略13--It is/was+被强调成分+that/ wh...
[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] In my memry, it is Yuth that accmpanies me thrugh my whle high schl.在我的记忆中，青春始终如影随形，贯穿整个高中岁月。
[例句]It wasn't until that mment that I realized I was s desperate fr the prize t prve myself.直到那一刻,我才意识到我非常渴望这个奖项来证明自己。
应用文写作满分攻略14--虚拟语气
[2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷] Withut yur recgnitin and guidance, I culdn’t have written this article. Again thank yu very much!若没有您的认可与指导，我将无法完成本文的撰写。再次衷心感谢！
[2022·全国甲卷] It is high time that we prtected the cean. 是时候保护海洋了。
[2019·浙江6月考] Additinally, withut yur help, I wuld nt have been a tp student in English and wuld nt have wn the English Speech Cntest.此外，若没有您的帮助，我既无法成为英语班的尖子生，也难以赢得英语演讲比赛。
第六部分 运用独立主格，表达简洁好用
应用文写作满分攻略15--With十宾语+非谓语动词，主句
I think it will be great if the speech can be cmbined with a shrt vide shwing his achievements. 我认为，如果能将这篇演讲与一段展示他成就的短视频结合起来，将会非常出色。
A by stands n the bridge, hlding a bunch f blming flwers, with neatly inscribed wrds “Best wishes” belw, the entire sculpture witnessing ur friendship.男孩伫立在桥上，手中捧着一束盛开的鲜花，下方工整镌刻着“祝好”字样，整座雕塑见证着我们的友谊。
Physics will never be my favurite bject ,but I think that I'll d well in the exam with Mrs Chen teaching me.虽然物理永远不会是我最喜欢的课,但是我想有陈老师教我,我在考试中会取得好成绩的。
应用文写作满分攻略16—独立主格结构，主语+谓语……
He was lying n the grass, his hands crssed under his head.他躺在草地上,双手交叉放在头下。
The sunlight reflecting ff the water and flwers blming near the lake, the extrardinary scenery gave me inspiratin fr my painting.阳光反射在水面上,湖边鲜花盛开,这样美的景象给了我画画的灵感。
速查06 应用文写作首尾段黄金句式18组36例（按可能考的顺序排列）
一、建议信
I’m Li Hua, ne f yur students. In rder t adjust t the mixed accents f British and American English in listening practice, I’m wndering if yu culd accept the fllwing suggestins I wuld like t ffer n ur ral English lessns.
我是李华，您的学生之一。为了帮助大家在听力练习中适应英美英语混合的口音，我想请教您能否采纳我对我们的英语口语课程提出的以下建议。
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd cnsider my suggestins.
恳请您考虑我的建议。
二、活动报道
The schl’s yearly sci-tech festival was successfully held last week, aiming t encurage students’ active engagement with science and technlgy.
该校年度科技节上周圆满举行，旨在鼓励学生积极投身于科学与技术领域。
It served as a platfrm fr yung minds nt nly t shwcase their creativity and ingenuity, but als t explre hw they might reshape the future by means f science.
这项活动备受好评，因为它不仅为我们提供了锻炼身体的机会，还增强了团队凝聚力。
三、征文投稿
In rder t enrich students’ after-schl life and strengthen their mind, ur schl rganized a lng-distance hiking activity last weekend. All the students as well as ur teachers participated in it.
为了丰富学生的课后生活并增强他们的心理素质，我校上周末组织了一次长途徒步活动。全体学生及教师均积极参与了此次活动。
The activity benefits me greatly. Nt nly des it relax me but als it stimulates my passin fr utdr exercise and cultivated my perseverance.
这项活动让我受益匪浅。它不仅让我放松身心，还激发了我对户外运动的热情，并培养了我的毅力。
四、图表类
Recently, a survey n students’ after-class physical exercise has been cnducted amng students in ur schl. The results are as fllws.近日，我校对学生课后体育锻炼情况开展了一项调查，结果如下。
I hld the view that whatever clubs we chse, we shuld learn t relax urselves besides cncentrating n ur studies. Only in this way can we imprve ur efficiency and make ur schl life meaningful.
我认为，无论我们选择哪所学校，除了专注于学业之外，都应该学会放松身心。唯有如此，才能提高学习效率，让校园生活更加充实有意义。
五、人物介绍类
The persn I wuld like t interview mst is Yang Liwei, wh is nt nly the first Chinese t g t space but als ne f the greatest astrnauts in the wrld.我最想采访的人是杨利伟,他不仅是第一个进入太空的中国人,而且是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。
He set s gd an example fr us students that we all shuld learn frm him.他为我们学生树立了如此好的榜样,我们都应该向他学习。
六、书面通知
Our schl is scheduled t rganize an activity, whse theme is "Labr Is the Mst Glrius" this weekend.
我们学校计划本周末组织一场主题为“劳动是最光荣的”的活动。
Hpefully, yu will benefit a lt and be immersed in the wrld f fascinating petry. Yur participatin will surely make a difference.
希望您能从中获益良多，并沉浸于精彩纷呈的诗歌世界之中。您的参与必将产生积极影响。
七、道歉信
I’m terribly srry t infrm yu that I am nt able t accmpany yu this weekend as planned. I’ve just been tld that I have t g and visit my sick grandfather in the cuntryside, wh was suddenly admitted t the hspital. I hpe the change wn’t cause yu t much truble. 非常遗憾地通知您，我无法按原计划在本周末陪同您前往。我刚刚接到通知，需要去乡下探望生病的祖父——他突然被送进了医院。希望这一变动不会给您带来太多麻烦。
Once again, I am srry fr any incnvenience caused. I wuld appreciate it if yu culd understand my situatin and frgive me. I am lking frward t yur reply.
对于造成的任何不便、我再次表示歉意。如果你能理解我的处境并原谅我，我将不胜感激。我期待你的回复。
八、邀请信
I am writing t invite yu t jin in an exciting hiking activity themed “Embrace Nature, Strengthen Bdy and Mind”.我写信是想邀请您参加一场主题为“拥抱自然，强健身心”的精彩徒步活动。
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd spare the time t cme. I am lking frward t yur early respnse.
如果你能抽出时间来，我将不胜感激。期待您的早日回复。
九、申请信
I'm Li Hua, a senir 3 student. Knwing that the English Assciatin f ur schl is nw in need f sme vlunteers t meet the visiting freign students, I'm writing t apply fr the psitin.
我是李华，一名高三学生。得知我们学校的英语协会现在需要一些志愿者来接待来访的外国学生，我写信申请这个职位。
I wuld be grateful if yu culd take my applicatin int cnsideratin. Lking frward t yur reply.
如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。期待您的回复。
十、求助信
I am writing t ask a favr frm yu. Our schl is planning a bkmark designing activity this week. Knwing that yu’re quite experienced in designing, I wnder if yu culd give me sme help and advice.
我写信是想向您请求一个帮忙。我们学校这周计划开展一个书签设计活动。鉴于您在设计方面经验丰富，不知您能否给予一些帮助和建议。
I will be very grateful if yu are kind enugh t lend me a hand. Please let me knw as sn as pssible.
如果您能慷慨地帮我一把，我将非常感激。请尽快告知我。
十一、演讲稿
It’s a great hnur/privilege fr me t stand here and make/deliver/give a speech/an address entitled/with the title f “Grw Up in Labr”.
能站在这里发表题为《在劳动中成长》的演讲，对我来说是一项莫大的荣誉。
Frm this experience, I learned that befre we begin t d anything, we shuld plan it carefully.
That’s all. Thank yu !
从这次经历中，我明白在开始做任何事情之前，都必须仔细规划。已经完毕。谢谢！
十二、咨询信
My name is Li Hua, a Senir Three student. I have been ffered the pprtunity t participate in the summer camp f "Natinal English Innvatin Cntest". S I'm writing t inquire abut the details.
我叫李华，是一名高三学生。我有机会参加“全国英语创新大赛”夏令营。因此，我写信询问有关细节。
Yur early reply wuld be highly appreciated. Thank yu in advance!非常感谢您能尽早回复。提前致谢！
十三、感谢信
Hw are yu ding? Knwing that yu are leaving fr yur cuntry, I'm writing t extend my sincere gratitude t yu fr my English learning.
你好吗？得知您即将回国，我写这封信是为了对您教我英语表示衷心的感谢。
Please accept my heartfelt thanks again. I d hpe that I have the chance t repay yur kindness. Hpefully, everything ges well n yu.
请再次接受我衷心的感谢。我真希望有机会报答您的好意。我真心希望你一切顺利。
十四、倡议书
On behalf f the Students' Unin, I'd like t call n all senir three students t adpt a healthy lifestyle.
我谨代表学生会号召所有高三学生养成健康的生活方式。
We are suppsed t g t bed early and get up early, and take meals regularly and slwly enugh. Furthermre, it is advised that we spare as much time as pssible t wrk ut.
我们应该早睡早起，有规律地慢慢吃饭。此外，建议我们抽出尽可能多的时间来锻炼身体。
十五、投诉信
I am Li Hua, a regular custmer f yur website. I felt srry t truble yu but I am afraid I have t make a cmplaint.
我是李华，贵公司网站忠实客户。我很抱歉麻烦你，但恐怕我不得不投诉。
I am waiting fr a reasnable explanatin and expecting an psitive feedback.
我正在等待一个合理的解释，并期待肯定反馈。
十六、祝贺信
I am mre than delighted t hear that yu have wn first prize in the cntest, s I’ m writing t express/cnvey my cngratulatins.
得知你在比赛中获得一等奖我真的非常高兴／兴奋，因此 我写信向你表示祝贺。
Cngratulatins again, and I wish yu further success!
再次表示祝贺，并预祝你取得更大的成功。
十七、告知信
I am writing t infrm yu f a change abut the upcming crss-cuntry race scheduled fr next Friday. The reasn fr this change is t ensure the safety and smth running f the race.
我写信是为了通知你下周五即将举行的越野赛的变化。做出这一改变的原因是为了确保比赛的安全和顺利进行。
If yu have any questins r cncerns, please d nt hesitate t cntact us.
如果您有任何问题或疑虑，请随时与我们联系。
十八、日记/周记
This mrning, I was walking n the street when I caught sight f tw travellers wh were reading a map, lking puzzled.今天早上,我走在街上,突然看到两个旅行者正在看地图,一脸困惑。
This is really an educative and eye-pening activity, in which I was impressed with the cnvenience and benefits brught by technlgy.这真的是一次有教育意义且开阔眼界的活动,在这次活动中我对科技带来的便利和好处印象深刻。
速查07 读后续写精彩开头两大类23个句子
从情绪上分类
一、情感渲染类
Tm wke up and fund many peple standing arund him . When he was tld what Jhn had dne fr him , tears started welling up in his eyes and rlling dwn his cheeks.当他被告知约翰对他的所做作为，泪水夺眶而出，顺着脸颊流下。
【点评】该句利用眼泪的动作描写，反映人物的悲伤情绪，非常生动形象。
二、环境烘托类
We drve thrugh several states and saw lts f great signs alng the way.I lked ut f the car windw,winding rivers,lfty muntains,sunny beaches,deep valleys, hlding me entirely in their fascinatin.
【点评】这里运用了“视觉+环境+拟人”的描写手法，赋予无生命的景物以感情，语言生动，感染力强。
三、悬念设置类
1.The letter in sb's hand felt like a ticking time bmb, its cntents unknwn but surely hlding the pwer t change everything.
（某人手中的信就像一颗定时炸弹，其内容虽未知，但肯定有改变一切的力量。）
2.The sudden silence that filled the air after the [event] was mre deafening than any nise, leaving sb n edge, waiting fr the next thing t happen.
（[事件]之后突然充斥在空气中的寂静比任何噪音都更震耳欲聋，让某人紧张不安，等待着下一件事的发生。）
四、回忆关联类
1.As sb lked at the [bject r scene], memries f that fateful day came flding back, as vivid as if they had happened just yesterday.
（当某人看着[物体或场景]时，那个决定性日子的记忆如潮水般涌回，就像它们昨天才发生一样清晰。）
2.The familiar smell f [scent] transprted sb back t his/her childhd, triggering a fld f emtins and lng - frgtten memries.
（[气味]那熟悉的味道将某人带回了童年，引发了大量的情感和被遗忘已久的记忆。）
从句式上归纳
几种常见的开头方式
一、以非谓语动词(短语)、with复合结构或独立主格结构开头
1.(2025·全国II卷)In a class discussin, I was invited t explain the meaning f my name. Standing up, I felt a mix f nervusness and excitement.
【点评】现在分词短语作伴随状语，人物的画面感跃然纸上。
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)I went t my teacher’s ffice after the award presentatin.With excited tears in my eyes, I thanked him again, adding that it was he wh let me get a taste fr writing.
【点评】with复合结构和现在分词短语表示伴随,增加了文章表达的简洁性和语言表达的丰富性。
3.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)We sat dwn next t each ther, but David wuldn’t lk at me.Drpping his head, he was in lw spirits.
【点评】开头用了分词充当时间状语,不仅使行文简洁,而且突出动作,惟妙惟肖。
二、以名词性从句、状语从句或定语从句等从句开头
1.(2025·全国I卷)I realized it was me wh was at fault. I had been s fcused n keeping the party under cntrl that I failed t cnsider hw imprtant Tby was t my brther during this difficult time.
【点评】用状语从句和宾语从句，让内容表达紧凑，一个句子既表达了自己当时的状态，又表明了事情的原因。
2.(2021·浙江高考·1月卷)I was stuck fr five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger.Hw I wished I had nt acted s flishly, making myself a laughing stck f my family!
【点评】由该段首句内容“我被困了五六分钟,但感觉要长得多。”可知,该段开始可描写作者是多么后悔把头插入南瓜中,此处用了感叹句,且wished后加了宾语从句。
3.(2021·浙江高考·1月卷)I was stuck fr five r six minutes thugh it felt much lnger. My brther came up with an idea that he culd cut the pumpkin with a knife.
【点评】该句idea后面that引导同位语从句,对idea进行解析,同位语使文章更加紧凑,同时增加了文章表达的高级性。
三、以形容词/副词(短语)开头
1. (2018.06浙江高考读后续写范文摘录)Para 2: We had n idea where we were and it gt dark. Exhausted and hungry, I wndered if we culd find ur way back.
【点评】此处是形容词作状语的结构，作了后面句子的伴随状语。
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷) A few weeks later, when I almst frgt the cntest, there came the news. Unexpectedly, I beat a lt f participants and wn the first prize.
【点评】根据该段首句内容“几个星期后,当我几乎忘记比赛的时候,传来了消息。”可知,开始可以写作者得知这个消息时的感受,可以写兴奋、吃惊或意外,本句用了副词unexpectedly描述当时的意外的心情。
3.(2021·浙江高考·6月卷)I was surprised that my dad allwed me t use the mney as I wished. Excited and verjyed, I rushed int my rm and lay in bed thinking abut hw t spend the mney.
【点评】由该段首句内容“我很惊讶,我爸爸允许我按照我的意愿使用这笔钱。”可知,本段可描写作者兴奋的心情,开始用excited and verjyed准确地描写了作者的这种心情。
四、以倒装句、强调句等句型开头
1.(2022·浙江高考·6月卷)As they came in my directin, I put n my brightest and happiest smile.Nervus as I felt, I did my utmst t keep myself calm and hand ut the delicately-wrapped meal t thse in need, with my hands trembling.
【点评】这里“Nervus as I felt”用了倒装句,提高了文章表达的质量。
2.(2021·浙江高考·1月卷)That vide was psted the day befre Hallween. It was my brther wh did that fr amusement.
【点评】由该段首句内容“这段视频是在万圣节前一天发布的。”可知,该段续写开始部分可以补充说明谁发的,这里用了强调句,突出发视频之人。
五、以介词短语开头
When the girl was walking in the garden , a snake appeared suddenly.At the sight f the snake, she screamed at the tp f her vice. 一看到蛇，她就以最大的声音尖叫起来。
【点评】句中at the sight f 意为“一看到... ”，在句中作时间状语，用在此处，能完美地呼应段首句中的“suddenly突然”，与前一句衔接自然生动。
六、以时间状语开头
1.I didn’t leave the injured dg.And then the inner vice whispered t me, “g all ut t save the pr creature.”
就在那时/那个时刻，我内心有个声音低声说道“竭尽全力帮助这个可怜的小生灵吧。”
【点评】此处加上时间状语then 使得句子与所给段首句的衔接更加自然，描写更加生动。
2.At that mment, I can’t help but shed tears f gratitude. 在那个时刻，我唯有流下感激的泪水。
【点评】时间状语 at that mment 不仅起到衔接过渡的作用，还可以让文章更加生动自然。
七、以对话或独白开头
1.Then appeared a rescue bat with a ple attached t it.“Dn’t wrry, the rescue bat is n the way.” ne f the men shuted.
【点评】此处借鉴一考生的文章，这里的语言描写使得文章画面感很强，与段首句完美衔接，符合故事发展的逻辑，反映了见义勇为者看到希望时的兴奋。
2.The car abruptly stpped in frnt f him. “Get int the car.” Paul shuted at Mac.
【点评】该句简洁明了，刻画了一幅生动的画面即大难临头，恰逢有人拔刀相助的快意，生动形象，情节紧凑。
八、以连词开头
My mther had been preparing the dinner all the mrning.Althugh she was kind f tired , she felt very excited , expecting us t cme back.
【点评】此处用连词“尽管”与段首句妈妈忙了一早上进行呼应，更反衬出妈妈为了孩子回家不辞辛劳。
速查08 读后续写情绪描写60句
临近高考：关于读后续写的描写素材，每种情绪的句子，烂熟1——3个句子足够，烂熟才能用上，伤其十指，不如断其一指。我们不是用力背十个句子，而是用十倍的力背一个句子，让其随心所欲能用上。
一、积极情绪
1.高兴与兴奋
1．★She laughed, with her eyes shining with excitement. 她笑了，眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
2．★The mment she saw her mther, Jane's face lit up with delight.一看到母亲，简的脸上就闪现出灿烂的笑容。
3．★When she gt the news f her winning the first prize, her heart was filled with jy.
当她得到获得一等奖的消息时，她心里充满了喜悦。
2.感激与感动
1. ★Deeply mved by his wrds, I thanked him again.我深为感动，再次向他表示感谢。
2. ★Tears filling her eyes, she ffered her heart gratitude.她热泪盈眶，表示衷心的感谢。
3. ★Tears f jy welled up their eyes as the brther and sister hugged tightly tgether. 喜悦的泪水涌了出来。兄弟姐妹紧紧拥抱在一起时。
4. ★With tears streaming dwn her face, he ran t mum’s warm hug, and said thanks t her.他泪流满面，跑到妈妈温暖的拥抱前，对她说了声谢谢。
3.宽慰与温暖
1.★She felt warm in the cld day， and believed there was kindness in every crner. 她在寒冷的天气里感到了温暖，相信处处都有好心人。
2.★Tears f appreciatin welled up in her eyes as she thanked the stranger fr his help, but he just smiled warmly．当她感谢陌生人的帮助时，感激的泪水涌上了她的眼睛，但他只是暖暖地一笑。
3.★Reaching the tall building where her ffice was, Alice breathed a sigh f relief.爱丽丝到了她办公室所在的大楼。她如释重负地松了口气。
4.满意
1.★A sense f prfund satisfactin settled within him, as if he had finally reached the summit f a lng and arduus jurney.
一种深深的满足感在他内心沉淀，仿佛他终于抵达了漫长而艰难旅程的巅峰。
2.★She wre a cntented smile n her face, her eyes half-clsed in a state f serene fulfillment.
她脸上带着满足的微笑，眼睛半闭着，处于一种宁静的满足状态。
3.★He was filled with a warm glw f satisfactin, his heart at peace and his mind free frm wrry.
他心中充满了温暖的满足感，内心平静，思绪无忧。
5.自信/自豪
1.★He walked at a rapid pace with his back straight and his head held high.他昂首挺胸地快步而行。
2.Mary had her head held high, as if she were prud.玛丽昂首挺胸, 似乎十分骄傲。
3.★He pulled himself up t his full height.他昂首挺胸, 站得笔直。
4.★Frm him I learned t stand up tall, t be prud f wh I am.从他那里我学会了昂首挺胸,为自己骄傲。
消极情绪
1.恐惧与惊恐
1.★Yu can nt imagine hw frightened we were at the apprach f the plar bear. 你无法想象北极熊向我们逼近时我们是多么的恐惧。
2.★Extremely frightened， I felt my legs were trembling and my palms were sweating. 惊恐之下，我觉得我两腿发抖，手心冒汗。
3.Lking at the plar bear's bldy muth, she was nearly dead with fright.看着北极熊的血盆大口，她几乎吓晕过去。
4.T peple's shck， a trnad struck a small twn nearby. 使人们震惊的是，龙卷风袭击了附近的一个小镇。
5.Hearing the bad news, Mary frze with shck， as if rted n the grund. 得知这个坏消息，玛丽僵住了，动弹不得。
6.★Astnished/Surprised/Amazed， Mary realized that he had als recgnized what her actin meant. 玛丽惊讶地意识到他也明白了她的举动意味着什么。
2.吃惊
2.Our muths drpped pen in surprise.我们惊讶地张大了嘴。
3.★A lk f surprise spread ver her face.惊愕的表情在她的脸上蔓延开来。
4.He just glued his eyes t me, utterly dumbfunded.他只是两眼盯着我，完全傻掉了。
5.★He was t surprised t speak r even t think.他惊讶得说不出话来，甚至脑子都不灵了。
6.My jaw drpped in astnishment when I saw the size f the audience.当我看到这么多观众时，我惊讶得目瞪口呆。
7.★The mment I pened the bx, my eyes grew wide in great surprise/astnishment.我一打开盒子，就惊奇地睁大眼睛。
3.生气与愤怒
1. ★His face flamed with anger.他气得面红耳赤。
2. ★His teeth lcked tgether in anger.他气得咬牙切齿。
3. ★He lked as if he were ging t burst.他看上去快要气炸了。
4. ★Biling with rage, Jim shk his fist at me. Jim 怒火中烧，朝我挥舞着拳头。
4.尴尬与羞愧
①★S ashamed was she that she culd feel the bld rush t her face.她感到非常羞愧，都能觉得血液涌上脸颊。
②An expressin f shame crssed his face.他脸上掠过一阵羞愧的神情。
③★Her face was ht with shame.她羞得脸上火辣辣的。
④★He came t my ffice,shamefaced, t aplgize.他一脸愧色,到我办公室来道歉。
⑭★T my shame, I never did help them.我感到惭愧的是, 我从来没有帮助过他们。
5.后悔、内疚与自责
1. ★The lady remembered her implite wrds with a deep sense f shame.
女士想起自己说过的粗鲁话，感到十分羞愧。
2．★I felt embarrassed and guilty abut my silly mistake.我为自己愚蠢的错误感到尴尬内疚。
3．★She felt s ashamed that she culd feel her face burning. 她非常羞愧，都能感到自己脸上滚烫。
4．★S ashamed was she that she culd feel the bld rush t her face.
她羞愧难当，觉得血液涌上了脸。
6.悲伤与沮丧
1.Tears streamed dwn my face as sadness engulfed me.
泪水顺着脸颊流下，悲伤笼罩着我。
2.I feel like a dark clud is hanging ver me, casting a shadw n my sul.
我感觉像是有一片乌云笼罩着我，给我的心灵蒙上了一层阴影。
3.The weight f disappintment rests heavily n my shulders.
失望的重担沉重地压在我的肩上。
速查09 读后续写情绪表达八大通用高分句式
句式 1: ①adj. and adj. …主+谓+宾 ;②Feeling+adj., 主+谓 +宾 (形容词短语; 伴随状语)
例1 Ashamed and embarrassed, Jack lwered his head, stepping back t his seat withut saying a wrd.
杰克羞愧难当，低着头，一句话也没说，退回到自己的座位上。
例2 Jyful and excited, Lisa raised her head, walking cnfidently t the stage with a bright smile.
喜悦而雀跃，丽莎昂首挺胸，带着灿烂的笑容自信地走向舞台。
句式2: Sb. was +情绪adj.+that +主+谓+宾；S+情绪adj+was sb that+主+谓+宾….(某人如此……以至于…)
例1 S frightened was Neil that she shivered all ver like a leaf.
尼尔吓得浑身发抖，像一片树叶般战栗不止。
例2 S thrilled was Emily that she laughed heartily like a singing bird.
艾米丽非常激动，她笑得像一只唱歌的鸟儿。
句式3: sb. was verwhelmed/vercme/seized/cnsumed/flded with/by +情绪名词 (某 人深感、充满某种情绪 )
例1 Never in his life had he been verwhelmed with such anger that he strmed ut f the rm, slamming the d r furiusly behind him.
他一生中从来没有被如此强烈的愤怒所淹没，以至于他冲出房间，砰地关上门，或者愤怒地跟在身后。
例2The child was flded with jy when he discvered the brightly wrapped present under the Christmas tree, its ribbns shimmering in the twinkling lights.
当孩子发现圣诞树下那包装得闪闪发光的礼物时，他欣喜若狂，它的丝带在闪烁的灯光下闪闪发光。
句式 4 ①主+谓+宾...,with/in+情绪名词 ②T ne’s/Out f +情绪名词，主+谓+宾
例1 He turned t me, with his eyes full f hrrr.他转向我，眼中充满了恐惧。
例2 T his disappintment, he didn’t win the prize immediately, which threw him int lw spirits.
令他失望的是，他没有立即赢得奖，这使他情绪低落。
例3 She turned t me, with her eyes sparkling with jy, hlding the glden trphy high abve her head.
例4她转过身来，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒，高举着金色的奖杯。
句式 5 Biling with/Filled with/Overcme by...+情绪名词，主+谓+宾（非谓语+情绪名词）
例1 Biling with rage, Sheldn shk his fist at me.
谢尔顿怒火中烧，朝我狠狠挥动着拳头。
例2 Filled with pride, the basketball team celebrated their victry under the glittering gym lights.
篮球队满怀自豪，在闪闪发光的体育馆灯光下庆祝他们的胜利。
句式 6 主+谓+宾...,+情绪名词+ding...（独立主格结构）
例1 She std silently, shame washing ver her face.
她静立原地，羞愧如潮水般漫上脸颊。
例2 Excitement rushing thrugh me, my smile stretched frm ear t ear.
句式 7 ①Sb.felt a great sense f +情绪名词+welling up in sb’s heart ②Sb.felt a mixture f+情绪名词2+and+情绪名词2+welling up in sb’s heart
例1 Seeing the helicpter distancing farther and farther, Jane felt a mixture f depressin and grievance welling up in her heart.看着直升机渐行渐远，简的心中涌起一阵抑郁与委屈交织的复杂情绪。
例2 Hlding the champinship trphy, Tm felt a wave f pride and gratitude swelling within him.
拿着冠军奖杯，汤姆感到一股自豪和感激之情涌上心头。
句式 8 情绪名词+谓语+宾语……（无灵主语内外情绪）
例1 His despair and wrry drained away and he was wild with jy.
他的绝望与忧虑烟消云散，欣喜若狂。
例2 A surge f gratitude and ptimism verwhelmed me.
一股感激和乐观的情绪淹没了我。
速查10 读后续写十九类经典结尾句57例
几种常见具体话题的结尾通用句（结尾的句子一定不要太长，太啰嗦，避免出现大脚现象。）
一、亲情类
1.“The Mther hugged the twins tightly, whispering, ‘This is the best surprise in the wrld!’”
母亲紧紧地抱住双胞胎，轻声说道：“这是世界上最好的惊喜！”
2.“Only then did I realize that hw much my mm lved me.”
直到那时我才意识到妈妈有多爱我。
3.“It was at that mment that I had a full understanding f the significance f family.”
就在那一刻，我完全理解了家庭的意义。
二、助人类
1.“Smetimes ur small actin can make a great difference t thers.”
有时候，我们的一个小举动就能给他人带来巨大的改变。
2.“The mther gave each f us a big hug, whispering in ur eyes, ‘Thank yu fr yur kindness. It's yur lve that has warmed us up.’”
这位母亲给了我们每个人一个大大的拥抱，看着我们的眼睛轻声说道：“感谢你们的善良。是你们的爱温暖了我们。”
3.“It ccurred t me that a simple act culd make the wrld s much better.”
我突然想到，一个简单的举动就能让世界变得美好得多。
三、遗憾与反思
1.As he lked back n his life, he realized that the greatest regret was nt the mistakes he had made, but the chances he had let slip by.
当他回首往事时，意识到最大的遗憾不是犯下的错误，而是错过的机会。
2.Lking back, the missed pprtunity feels like a fleeting meter, leaving me with regret but als urging me t cherish every future chice.
回望往昔，那份未能把握的机会如同错过的流星，让我深感遗憾，却也促使我更加珍惜未来的每一次抉择。
3.Beneath the shadw f failure and regret, I reflect deeply, realizing that the path f grwth is never smth. Only by learning frm mistakes can we g further.
在失败与遗憾的阴影下，我深刻反思，意识到成长之路从无坦途，唯有从错误中汲取教训，方能行得更远。
四、友谊与陪伴主题
1. True friendship is the rare gem that shines brightest in the darkest times, ffering cmfrt and strength.
真正的友谊是稀世珍宝，在最黑暗的时刻闪耀得最亮，给予安慰和力量。
2. A friend is smene wh knws all abut yu and still chses t stand by yur side.
朋友是一个了解你的一切，却仍然选择站在你身边的人。
3. In the tapestry f life, it is the threads f friendship that add the mst vibrant clrs and warmth.
在人生的织锦中，是友谊的线增添了最鲜艳的色彩和温暖。
五、勇气与坚持主题
1. Curage is nt the absence f fear, but the strength t mve frward despite it.
勇气不是没有恐惧，而是尽管有恐惧，仍然向前迈进的力量。
2. Curage is the spark that ignites the fire f determinatin, driving us t cnquer ur fears.
勇气是点燃决心之火的火花，驱使我们战胜恐惧。
3. Every step taken in the name f curage is a victry, n matter hw small it may seem.
以勇气之名迈出的每一步，无论看起来多么微小，都是一次胜利。
六、 经验教训
1.It's never t late t learn.活到老，学到老。
2. After this experience, I eventually understd the imprtance f time management, and began t adjust my schedule with cautin.经过这段经历，我终于明白了时间管理的重要性，并开始谨慎地调整自己的时间表。
3. The valuable lessn Mr. Green taught him will be kept in his mind frever.他会永远记住格林先生给他上的宝贵的一课。
七、人与动物关系类
1. Thrugh this experiences, they realize that the bnd between humans and animal is built n lve, trust, and mutual respect.
通过这次经历，他们意识到人类与动物之间的纽带建立在爱、信任和相互尊重的基础上。
2. This taught them an invaluable lessn that treating animals with kindness and respect creates a wrld f lve and harmny.
这教给他们宝贵的一课，善待动物并尊重它们创造了一个充满爱和和谐的世界。
3. This magical kitten was changing ur lives and this was just the beginning.
这只神奇的小猫正改变我们的生活，而这仅仅是开始。
八、 同学朋友关系
1. Thrugh thick and thin, they discvered the beauty f friendship, finding cmfrt, laughter, and a sense f belnging in each ther's cmpany.在顺境和逆境中，他们发现了友谊的美，从对方身上找到了安慰、欢笑和归属感。
2. Their friendship grew strnger as they embraced each ther's imperfectins and std by each ther's side.
随着彼此接纳对方的不完美并始终相互支持，他们的友谊变得更加牢固。
3. Thrugh laughter, tears, and shared mments, they fund strength and slace in their friendship.通过笑声、眼泪和共同的时刻，他们在友谊中找到了力量和安慰。
九、比赛表演类
1. He eventually prved himself t be a strng-willed man even thugh he wasn’t the first.
他最终证明了自己是一个意志坚强的人，尽管他不是第一个。
2. Never in his wildest dream had he expected that he wn the first prize.
他做梦也没想到自己获得了一等奖。
3. Meanwhile, a strm f thunderus applause rang thrugh the classrm.
与此同时，雷鸣般的掌声响彻整个教室。
十、生活趣事类
1. This unfrgettable experience reminded Maggie that nthing is impssible if yu trust yurself.
这段难忘的经历提醒Maggie，如果你相信自己，没有什么是不可能的。
2. Bathed in the warm sunshine, we made ur way hme happily.
沐浴着温暖的阳光，我们高高兴兴的朝家走去。
3. There is n dubt that it has becme the mst unfrgettable experience, which I will cherish frever in my life！
毫无疑问，这已经成为我一生中最难忘的经历，我将永远珍惜。
十一、 校园师生关系
1. The student and teacher develped an unbreakable bnd, where wisdm and inspiratin flwed between them, creating a lasting friendship built n mentrship and shared accmplishments.学生和老师建立了一种牢不可破的纽带，他们之间的智慧和灵感互相流动，创造出一种基于导师关系和共同成就的持久友谊。
2 In the end, the student and teacher realized they had frmed a special bnd that wuld last a lifetime, filled with respect, guidance, and gratitude.最终，学生和老师意识到他们建立了一种特殊的纽带，将伴随一生，充满尊重、指导和感激。
3 Thrugh their jurney, the teacher's impact n the student went beynd the classrm, teaching them valuable lessns abut perseverance, kindness, and the pursuit f dreams.
在他们的旅程中，老师对学生的影响超越了教室，教给他们有关坚持、善良和追求梦想的宝贵教训。
十二、诚信类
1.Integrity is built in mments f chice, when n ne is watching but ur wn cnscience.
正直在抉择的瞬间铸就，此时无人注视，唯有我们的良知。
2.A single lie may save the mment, but hnesty preserves smething far greater: trust.
一句谎言或许能应付当下，但诚实能守护更珍贵的东西：信任。
3.What we d when tempted reveals nt just ur character, but ur true values.
面对诱惑时的所作所为，不仅暴露我们的品格，更彰显我们真正的价值观。
十三、教诲类
1.The mst valuable lessns are rarely taught with wrds, but learned thrugh experience.
最珍贵的教训很少通过言语传授，而是从经历中习得。
2.Wisdm cmes nt frm having all the answers, but frm asking the right questins.
智慧并非源于知晓所有答案，而是源于提出恰当的问题。
3.Smetimes life's hardest teachings becme ur greatest guides.
有时，生活中最艰难的教诲会成为我们最伟大的指引。
十四、和解类
1.Frgiveness is nt giving up n justice, but freeing urselves frm the weight f resentment.
宽恕并非放弃正义，而是将自己从怨恨的重负中解脱出来。
2.Understanding cmes nt frm being right, but frm seeing the wrld thrugh anther's eyes.
理解并非源于证明自己正确，而是源于站在他人的视角看世界。
3.Peace begins when we chse t mend what's brken, even when we didn't break it.
当我们选择修复破碎的关系 —— 即便并非我们造成的破碎 —— 和平便开始了。
十五、充满希望和鼓舞类结尾
1.With renewed determinatin, she set ut n her jurney, knwing that the future held endless pssibilities waiting t be explred.
带着重新燃起的决心，她踏上了旅程，深知未来充满了无限可能，等待着她去探索。
2.Facing challenges, we fear neither wind nr rain, fr ur hearts are illuminated by light, and hpe frever shines the way frward.
面对挑战，我们不惧风雨，因为心中有光，希望永远照亮前行的路。
3. Every ending is but the prlgue t a new beginning. Embracing hpe, we bravely step int the unknwn tmrrw.
每一个结束都是新开始的序章，怀揣希望，我们勇敢步入未知的明天。
十六、面对逆境、积极向上类
1.“It's nt what happens t yu, but hw yu react t it that matters.”
重要的不是发生在你身上的事情，而是你对它的反应。
2.“Be brave, rise t setbacks, and make effrts. Yu will end up creating miracles.”
要勇敢，直面挫折，努力奋斗。你最终会创造奇迹。
3.“The jurney t success is nt smth. It is full f challenges and difficulties.”
成功的道路并非一帆风顺。它充满了挑战和困难。
十七、追求梦想类
1.“It's true: If the dream is big enugh, the facts dn't cunt.”
确实如此：如果梦想足够远大，现实因素就不足为惧。
2.“Only then did I realize that it's never t late t be all yu can pssibly be.”
直到那时我才意识到，成为最好的自己永远都不晚。
3.“The jurney t success is nt smth. It is full f challenges and difficulties.”
成功的道路并非一帆风顺。它充满了挑战和困难。
十八、脱险类
1.“What a narrw escape!”
真是死里逃生啊！
2.“I wuld still feel a strng sense f fear whenever I lked back n the thrilling experience.”
每当回想起那次惊心动魄的经历，我仍然会感到一种强烈的恐惧感。
3.“It turned ut that there is always a way ut f any difficult situatins as lng as we stay calm.”
事实证明，只要我们保持冷静，任何困境都总有出路。
十九、哲理与思考类结尾
时间的流逝
1.Time, like a relentless river, carried away the memries f the past, leaving nly faint traces n the shre f the present.
时间如一条无情的河流，带走了过去的记忆，只在当下的岸边留下淡淡的痕迹。
生活的真谛
2.In the end, life was nt abut reaching the summit, but abut enjying the jurney and cherishing the mments alng the way.
最终，生活的意义不在于达到顶峰，而在于享受旅程，珍惜沿途的每一刻。
选择与后果
3.Life is nt abut finding the perfect slutin, but abut learning t embrace the imperfectins that make us human.
生活不在于找到完美的解决方案，而在于学会接受那些让我们成为人类的不完美之处。
速查11 读后续写五大类主题升华句20例
家庭亲情类主题句(Family)
1. The early sunlight streaming in, the whle family was bathed in happiness and lve.
1.清晨的阳光照进来，全家人沉浸在幸福和爱中。
2. It was at that mment that I had a full understanding f the significance f family.
2. 正是在那一刻，我对家庭的意义有了充分的认识。
3. Since then, my father's wrds have always sunded in my ears frm time t time, guiding the way f my life.
3. 从那时起，我父亲的话时不时在我耳边响起，指引着我生活的方向。
4. It ccurred t me that the precius lessn taught by my Dad wuld definitely guide the way f my future.
4. 我突然想到，我父亲教我的宝贵的一课肯定会指引我未来的道路。
助人为乐类主题句(Genersity)
1. I made up my mind t pass n lve t thers. Just as a saying ges, “Rses given, fragrance in hand. ”
1. 我决心把爱传递给他人。俗话说，“赠人玫瑰，手有余香。”
2. Frm the unfrgettable experience, I have realized that this randm act f kindness has a great influence n me.
2. 从难忘的经历中，我意识到这种随意的善举对我有很大的影响。
3. By shwing kindness t thers, the yung by learned that he culd make a psitive impact n the wrld arund him.
3. 通过对他人表现出善意，这个小男孩学会了他可以对周围的世界产生积极影响。
4. With grateful tears hanging in her eyes, she kept expressing her gratitude: “Thank yu s much!”
4. 她含着感激的泪水，不停地表达感激之情：“太感谢你了！”
遇险脱困类主题句(Escape)
1. Octber 20 was s unfrgettable that it wuld stay in my memry frever.
1. 10月20日是如此难忘，它将永远留在我的记忆。
2. One simple act f kindness is a blessing fr bth the giver and the receiver.
2. 一个简单的善举是给予者和接受者的祝福。
3. I realized hw lucky I was t be rescued and hw blessed I am t have such supprtive friends.
3. 我意识到能够被营救、能够有这样支持我的朋友是多么幸运。
4. This painful adventure teaches me nt t despair even in the darkest hur, because after every night there is a day.
4. 这次痛苦的冒险教会了我即使在最黑暗的时刻也不要绝望，因为黑夜之后就是黎明。
比赛表演类主题句(Perfrmance)
1. It was Mm's encuragement and determinatin nt t give up that helped her win the game.
1. 是妈妈永不放弃的鼓励和决心帮助她赢得了比赛，并使她意识到她必须要保持专注。
2. If it had nt been fr this event, they wuldn't have realized that they shuld cperate and cultivate team spirit t achieve their gals.
2. 如果不是因为这次活动，他们就不会意识到他们应该通过合作和培养团队精神来实现自己的目标。
3. Never in his wildest dream had he expected that he wn the first prize.
3. 他做梦也没想到自己获得了一等奖。
4. This experience served as a reminder that the best way t gain recgnitin is t display yurself and make yurself knwn.
4. 这段经历提醒我们，获得认可的最佳方式是展示自己，让自己出名。
个人成长类主题句(Grwth)
1. I knew fr sure that every time I lst patience in the future I wuld remember my grandfather's wrds.
1. 我知道将来每当我失去耐心时，我都会记起祖父的话。
2. Reflecting n what had happened, what I wanted t utter was that it was such a memrable experience that I wuld never frget it.
2. 我回想刚刚发生的一切。我想说的是，这是一次如此难忘的经历，我永远都不会忘记。
3. He finally cnquered everyne present and his face was brad with his usual big tthy smile .
3.他终于征服了在场的每一个人，脸上露出了他一贯的笑容。
4. Lucy was relieved that she culd be seen and understd, with her smile sparkling like a diamnd.
4. 露西感觉很欣慰，因为她能被人看到和理解，她的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
重难题型 听力高分攻略14招
【解题妙招1】速记下关键内容——避免追悔莫及
例Hw much will the wman pay?
A. 50 dllars. B. 95 dllars. C. 100 dllars.
【听力原文】W: Is this Hertz Car Rentals? I want t rent a car. Hw much is it?
M: 20 dllars a day. If yu have a membership card,we’ll give yu a 5% discunt. Hw lng d yu want t keep it?
W: 5 days. Here is my card, sir.
●【正确的解题方法】速记数字20 dllars a day→membership ；a 5% discunt→5 days；my card→推理计算20X5-5=95→选B。
●【追悔莫及的教训】直接听音频→都能听明白→只是瞬间记忆→听完之后才醒悟需要计算→后悔莫及只能猜答案
【解题妙招2】识别同义句改写是关键——听力材料和选项之间有差距
例W: James, yu’ve been watching TV fr the whle evening. What’s n?
M: It’s a science prgram n the rigin f the universe.I’ll give a presentatin n it in my class tmrrw.
1. What will James d tmrrw?
A. Watch a TV prgram.
B. Give a talk.
C. Write a reprt.
●【正确的解题方法】捕捉信息give a presentatin→看选项Give a talk→同义句转换→选B。
●【追悔莫及的教训】直接听音频→捕捉信息give a presentatin→找不到选项→不知所措只能猜答案
【解题妙招3】考前牢记习惯用语（搭配）——准确理解对话信息
例M: What shall we d tday? Gd weekends shuldn’t be wasted. Hw abut ging swimming?
W: I culdn’t agree mre.
Frm the dialgue, what d we knw abut the weekend?
A. They will g swimming.
B. They wn't g swimming
C. They will waste the weekend.
●【正确的解题方法】捕捉信息I culdn’t agree mre→I culdn’t agree mre.=I cmpletely agree. 我完全同意。
→选A。
●【追悔莫及的教训】直接听音频→捕捉信息I culdn’t agree mre→以为是否定意思→They wn't g swimming→导致错误
【解题妙招4】熟悉特殊句式——防止错误理解对话信息
例W: I wn’t have anything t wear t wrk n Mnday unless I pick up my clthes at the dry cleaners.
M: Then yu’d better hurry. It clses at nn n Sundays.
W: Oh! I shuld have gne there Saturday.
What day is it when the cnversatin takes place?
A. Saturday. B. Sunday. C. Mnday.
●【正确的解题方法】捕捉信息yu’d better hurry. It clses at nn n Sundays→I shuld have gne there Saturday是虚拟语气，说明不是Saturday→选B。
●【追悔莫及的教训】直接听音频→捕捉错误信息I shuld have gne there Saturday→不能瞬间理解虚拟语气→导致错误
【解题妙招5】彻底听明白才是王道——3个选项都在对话中提到
例（2025·全国I卷）5. Where are the speakers heading?
A. The Art Centre.B. The Grand Theatre.C. The Stne Bridge.
【听力原文】W: Nw we've crssed the stne bridge, turn right again. Lk! Here's the Art Center. The Grand Theatre is tw blcks away.
M: Nearly there. We wn't be late then.
*crss v.穿过
*blck n.街区
●【正确的解题方法】速记stne bridge→Here's the Art Center→The Grand Theatre is tw blcks away.→选B。
●【追悔莫及的教训】直接听音频→都能听明白→只是瞬间记忆→听完之后没留印象→后悔莫及只能猜答案
【解题妙招6】观点与态度题：
⑴说话者通过语气和语调的变化表达意义和观点，反映其真实态度、情感和意图。
⑵说话人有时会用虚拟语气来表达自己的观点和态度。
⑶注意说话人使用but，hwever, instead , 这些词后的信息往往是考点。
⑷熟悉口语中表示赞同或反对的常用词。如：agree, can’t agree mre, dislike, lve,hate等。
【解题妙招7】行为方式题
常见提问方式：
①What are the speakers ging t d?
②What des the man / wman plan t d?
③What will the man / wman mst prbably d?
④What will the man / wman d first?
⑤What’s the man / wman ging t d?
【高分技巧】
①这类对话中会出现一系列的动作，动作有先后顺序。留心选项中和听力中每个动作及动作对应的人和时间并做记录。
②抓住对话中出现的表示动作先后顺序的连词、介词、副词，如first, befre, after, nw, right nw, then, since, last等。
③注意对话中所使用的时态和重复出现的词，它们往往是答题的关键。
【解题妙招8】地点场景题
这类题目侧重考查谈话的地点、事件发生的地点、说话者要去的地方以及说话者来自何地等。对话或独白中通常直接出现谈话或事件发生的地点，考生只需听清便可作答，题目相对来说比较简单。
①地点题一般由where引出，选项一般是“介词+地点名词”构成，这类题中，有些地点会直接提到，有些则要根据讨论的内容判断，还有些兼而有之。
②此类题往往会列举一系列与时间或地点相关的细节，然后针对某一细节提问。
③此类题会出现几个地点，迷惑考生，所以要一一记录。
【高分技巧】
①熟悉与某特定地点或场所相关的词或短语，以此判断对话发生的地点或场所，如barding一出现，立即想到机场、码头，听见bk a rm就想到旅馆等。
②边听边记，善于掌握对话中的关键词。
【解题妙招9】意见建议题
请求与建议题的考查点一般有两种情形：甲方请求乙方帮忙或邀请乙方做某事，乙方给予肯定、否定或考虑一下的答复；甲方遇到某种困难或麻烦，乙方给予解决的建议或措施。
常见提问方式：
①What des the man / wman suggest the wman / man d?
②What des the man / wman suggest / mean?
③What des the man / wman want the wman / man t d?
④What ffer did the man / wman give?
⑤What is the man’s / wman’s advice?
【高分技巧】
①大多数情况下，第二个人谈话内容是题目重点。无论第一个人提出的是请求还是建议，第二个人的态度和反应往往都是解题的关键。
②对话中往往一方提出请求或者问题，另一方给出建议。
③熟记表请求或建议的句型。
表请求：Wuld yu please…?Culd / Wuld yu…?
I wnder if…Wuld yu like t…?
Wuld yu mind…?Can / Shall I…?
表建议：Why dn’t yu / we…?Why nt…?
If I were yu, I’d…. Yu’ll have t… / get t…
Yu’d better…Hw / What abut…?
Yu might as well…
【解题妙招10】因果关系题
这类试题大多针对事件的原因或做事的目的进行提问。在对话中，一般由第二个人说出原因或目的，因此考生通常要把注意力放在第二个人答话的内容上；有时第一个人也会直接表明原因或目的，故考生也不可忽视其话语中的信息。
常见提问方式：
①Why?
②What’s the reasn fr…?
③What is the cause f…?
④Fr what purpse did he / she…?
⑴对话中出现一些表因果关系的标志性词。
⑵大部分因果关系表达不会直接出现信号词，而是比较含蓄，往往先肯定地表明赞同的态度，然后利用转折说出直接原因，如I’d lve t…, but…; I wish I wuld, but…。
【高分技巧】
1.对话另一方的猜测 （回答同意与否）
W: Then what happened? Did yu have a quarrel with yur friends?
M: Dn't wrry Mm. It purs utside and I frget t take an umbrella.
2.言外之意（同义词替换，同意转化).
I was abut t answer but the phne was dead. (was ut f pwer).
3.理清易误解选项 （选择加表态）
W: Yu went t s early last night. Were yu feeling tired r ill?
M：Neither. I culdn't stand the cldness in the living rm.
4.补充隐藏信息
Why des the girl stand utside？A. Her mther isn’t at hme. 没人开门
She fails the exam.不敢回家 C. She lses the key.打不开门
M: Why are yu standing utside again? Is yur key lst r isn't Mm at hme? W. The key is in my pcket and Mmmy is at hme, but ...
M: Oh, I see. Yu failed yur exam again.
W: Yu are really a mind reader, Dad.
5.考查重点在原因，一般由对话中的第二个人说出。
6.熟悉表因果的词：because, since, fr, as, s, cause, because f, nw that, due t, thanks t, wing t, as a result f, give rise t, result in, result frm, s that, be respnsible fr, such…that…
【解题妙招11】人物关系题
常考的人物关系：父子/女、母子/女、夫妻、师生、老板与秘书、同学、同事、服务员与顾客、医生与病人、管理员与借阅者、房东与租客等。
【高分技巧】
⑴抓住对话中与职业身份相关的关键词、术语、环境。
⑵注意两人的语气、口吻、亲密度。
⑶对话中往往不直接说出某人身份，要求从对话中判断,例如对话中的称呼语。
【解题妙招12】数字细节题
高考听力试题中涉及的时间与数字主要包括时刻、年份、年龄、距离、速度、价格、尺寸、数量、号码等。少数试题会在材料中直接给出时间或数字，考生只需听出问题所问的时间或数字便可轻松作答。多数题目则需要进行简单的运算，这就要求考生不仅要听清时间或数字，还要弄清时间或数字之间的关系。
常见提问方式：
①Hw much / many…?
②Hw far…?
③Hw lng…?
④What time…?
⑤When…?
⑴该类题常常涉及时间、日期、价格、年龄、距离、速度、电话号码等。
⑵出题形式为数字辨析和计算。
⑶对话中常出现易混淆的数字，如furteen和frty。
⑷出现与数字运算有关的词，如：duble, twice, cuple, times, quarter, divide, add up t等。
【高分技巧】
⑴边听边记录数字。
⑵注意数字的单位。
⑶掌握数字的读法。
【解题妙招13】方式与方法
方式与方法题主要涉及说话者如何做某事或者打算如何做某事、采用何种方式或方法达到某种效果或目的。此类试题有个很明显的特征，即大多用hw进行提问。
【浙江卷】
Hw des the wman g t wrk this week?
A. By car. B. By bike. C. On ft.
【听力原文】
M: If I were yu, I'd just walk t wrk. It wuld take yu abut 20 minutes. Riding a bike is a gd chice, t.
W:I agree. But this week my husband is away n business, s I have t drive my kids t schl befre I g t wrk. I'm pressed fr time, yu knw.
【解析】
本题考查女士这周去上班的交通方式。对话中女士说本周她的丈夫出差，所以她必须在上班前开车送孩子们去上学，意思就是她要开车上班，故A项正确。
【解题妙招14】最后叮嘱：在高考考场上，一定不要纠结没听懂的个别词，务必着眼于听力内容的整体，抓住对话的大意。
重难题型 阅读理解高分攻略19招
第一部分 细节理解题--按图索骥
【解题妙招1】 \l "_Tc25045" 直接信息题——“一找二定三比对”
直接信息题常以应用文的形式出现在考题中，涉及的话题有：广告类、活动安排类、书籍或电影介绍类、演出信息类等。
“带着问题找答案”先从题干中提取关键性词语(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。简言之，可采用“一找二定三比对”的方法。
【思维导图】
例：（2025年全国一卷·阅读理解B24，2.5分）节选In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cwby wh saved his twn, a strict father wh demanded his sn earn straight A’s, and a mdern-day Juliet wh died f heartbreak after her parents rejected the lve f her yung life. Mre than nce, I fund myself wndering just hw my students, wh’d created these peple, knew their subjects s well.
24. Wh are the peple mentined at the beginning f paragraph 1?
A. Ninth graders.B. Students’ parents.
C. Mdern writers.D. Fictinal characters.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“In my ninth-grade writing class last year, I met a cwby wh saved his twn, a strict father wh demanded his sn earn straight A’s, and a mdern-day Juliet wh died f heartbreak after her parents rejected the lve f her yung life. Mre than nce, I fund myself wndering just hw my students, wh’d created these peple, knew their subjects s well. (去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎离世。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。
题干关键词the peple mentined。注意文章重点定位：文章中的ninth-grade writing class；created these peple是关键，这说明在写作课上，所以的学生创作的人物形象。此处a cwby；a strict father；a mdern-day Juliet……
【解题妙招2】间接信息题——理解同义表达是关键
间接信息题解题指导
间接信息题常出现在各种文体中，会涉及各个方面的内容。解此类试题常用“同义表达”法。
该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用cnduct对文中的carry ut进行同义转换,用finally对文中的eventual进行同义转换。
间接细节理解题的解题关键：
信息题的核心关键是识别同义句表达。目前高考中直接读出答案的细节理解题占的比重越来越少，很多情况下是对文章命题出处语句的不同程度的改写，因此，要想准确定位就要识别同义句表达。
最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。
改写类别：1.改写阅读理解的题干。把题干中的关键词通常采用同义词的手段改写为同义句，这时，我们要找到文章中的同义词进行定位。
2.改写阅读理解中的选项。阅读理解问题中的选项很大程度上不是文章定位中的原句，大多采用了同义句表达的形式。识别选项中与原文定位中的同义句是选出正确答案的关键。
【思维导图】
例（2025年全国一卷·阅读理解C 28，2.5分）节选While safety imprvements might have been made t ur streets in recent years, transprt studies als shw declines in pedestrian (行人) mbility, especially amng yung children. Many parents say there’s t much traffic n the rads fr their children t walk safely t schl, s they pack them int the car instead.
28. What phenmenn des the authr pint ut in paragraph 1?
A. Cars ften get stuck n the rad.
B. Traffic accidents ccur frequently.
C. Peple walk less and drive mre.
D. Pedestrians fail t fllw the rules.
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety imprvements might have been made t ur streets in recent years, transprt studies als shw declines in pedestrian (行人) mbility, especially amng yung children. Many parents say there’s t much traffic n the rads fr their children t walk safely t schl, s they pack them int the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。
做事实细节题最基本也最常用的方法是题干定位法。一般在原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分析，便可确定答案。
题干关键词phenmenn；the authr pint ut。注意文章内容定位和选项之间的同义句转换。文章中的declines in pedestrian (行人) mbility--walk less；t much traffic--drive mre找到并理解了这些同义表达，正确答案就水落石出。
【解题妙招3】数字计算题——注意隐含条件，防止小河翻船
\l "_Tc25045"1 直接计算题
数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。这类计算题从文中找到相关信息，直接进行相关的计算就可以得出答案。数字计算题最常用的解题方法：1.仔细理解题干中的信息要求；2.从文章中定位计算需要的信息；3.通过简单的计算得出答案。
\l "_Tc25045" 2 间接计算题
应用文文中的计算题有时需要考虑间接的隐含条件才能计算正确。这些“暗”信息会涉及附加条件以及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。数字计算题的设问方式以when，in which year，hw many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。
此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。
【思维导图】
(2023·新高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读A节选)Prices
22.Hw much d yu pay fr renting a bike with hand brake and three gears fr tw days？
A．15.75. B．19.50.C．22.75.D．29.50.
【思维过程】
●题干关键词→renting a bike→with hand brake and three gears→tw days
●文章定位：
●解析思维过程→1 day (24 hurs)→Hand Brake, Three Gears→€14.75
●间接附加条件→1 day y→€8（经常被忽视）
●解析思维过程→1 day+1 day→€14.75+8=22.75欧元
●故选C
第二部分 推理判断题---依文推理定选项
【解题妙招4】如何做引申推断题
根据阅读文章整体或某一段落的内容进行引申推断得出推断结果。引申推断的方法：1.通过分析文章内容，推断出文章中事实的结论，得出新的判断；2.推理判断的结论不是文章中的原句，而是在文章基础上，通过逻辑推理得出的结论。
（1）思维导图
（2）引申推断的设问方式
1. What can be inferred abut the
2．What can be inferred abut the last paragraph?
3．What can we learn frm
4．What can we infer abut frm the text?
（3）错误选项的特点
1. 似是而非：只是对原文信息简单重述，而不是依据文章提供事实依据推断出来的结论。
2. 夸大事实：对文章的事实或证据进行夸大；有时，选项内容与原文一致无需推断。
3. 推理过度：选项往往过于绝对化或片面化(以偏概全)，有时会出现nly, all等词语。
4. 掺入常识：根据考生已有常识是正确的，但不是根据文章中的证据推断出来的结论。
（4）解题技巧：
引申推断题属于深层理解题，要求根据语篇内容，推断具体细节。做此类题目关键是要正确把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，要忠实于原文，千万不能主观臆断，随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点。
1．定位信息：通过寻读找到相关信息点。
2．字面理解：理解相关信息点字面意义。
例（2025年新高考二卷·阅读理解D32；2.5分）Des yur sul die a little every time yu thrw away unused fd? Mine des. Maybe that feeling cmes frm grwing up in Suth Africa, where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was mre f an uncmfrtable reminder f fact than a prayer at dinner time.
32. What can be inferred abut the authr’s early life?
A. He witnessed fd shrtage.B. He enjyed the lcal cuisine.
C. He dnated fd t Africans.D. He helped t ck at hme.
【答案】A
【解析】A推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Maybe that feeling cmes frm grwing up in Suth Africa where the phrase “there are children starving in Africa” was mre f an uncmfrtable reminder f fact than a prayer at dinner time. (这种感觉或许源于在南非的成长经历 —— 在那里，“非洲还有孩子在挨饿” 这句话与其说是晚餐时的祈祷，不如说是对现实令人不安的提醒)” 可知，作者在南非长大，那里有孩子挨饿是事实，由此可推断作者早年目睹了食物短缺的情况。故选A。
正确选项的意思和原文信息点属于同义，表达的意思相近。是立足于原文推断出的内容，不是原文直接叙述的内容。
【解题妙招5】如何判断写作目的和意图
（1）目的意图题的设问方式
What is the main purpse f the authr writing the text?
The purpse f the text is t get mre peple t _______.
The writer f the stry wants t tell us that________.
The fact…is mentined by the authr t shw________.
The authr writers the last paragraph in rder t ________.
（2）解题技巧：
写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。
一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。
（3）思维导图
例（2025年全国一卷·阅读理解D34；2.5分）
Crucially, this prcess relies n the water cntaining enugh calcium carbnate (碳酸钙) t trap the plastics. In the study, biling hard water cntaining 300 milligrams f calcium carbnate led t an almst 90 percent drp in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams f calcium carbnate, biling reduced the level f plastics by just 25 percent. Additinally, the research didn’t include all types f plastics. The team fcused nly n three cmmn types — plystyrene, plyethylene and plyprpylene — and they didn’t study ther chemicals previusly fund in water such as vinyl chlride.
Still, the findings shw a ptential path frward fr reducing micrplastic expsure — a task that’s becming increasingly difficult. Even bttled water, scientists fund earlier this year, cntains 10 t 1,000 times mre micrplastics than riginally thught.
34. What des the authr try t illustrate by mentining bttled water in paragraph 4?
A. The imprtance f plastic recycling.B. The severity f the micrplastic prblem.
C. The danger in verusing pure water.D. The difficulty in treating plluted water.
【答案】B
【解析】B推理判断题。根据第四段的“Still, the findings shw a ptential path frward fr reducing micrplastic expsure — a task that’s becming increasingly diffcult. Even bttled water, scientists fund earlier this year, cntains 10 t 1,000 times mre micrplastics than riginally thught.( 尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。故选B。
判断写作目的和意图要关注：1.看清楚的作者的观点或态度还是文中的人物的观点或态度，再定位关键信息进行分析；2.利用文中的描写环境以及表达感情色彩、观点或态度的词语或句子推断作者的观点态度；3.利用文中人物的话语判断其观点或态度；4.切勿用自己的观点代替作者或文中人物的观点。
【解题妙招6】观点态度题
（1）思维导图
（2） 观点态度题的设问方式
1.What is the authr’s attitude t
2. Which wrd best describes the authr’s attitude
3. The authr’s attitude twards may best be described as .
（3）解题方法：
做此类题目必须透过文章的字面意义去理解。作者的态度和观点无非也就是三种：支持、赞同、乐观；反对、批评、怀疑、悲观；中立、客观。作者的态度和观点常用一些形容词、副词和不定意义的动词来表达，如pssible, impssible, seem, strange等。这时需要注意的是：一定要理清作者所列举的事例与其观点、态度是一致的还是相反的。有些文章作者的观点态度隐含在文章的字里行间，需要通读全文，才能做出正确的判断。注意熟悉一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语。
褒义词有：supprtive(支持的)；psitive(积极的)；ptimistic(乐观的)；enthusiastic(热情的)等。
贬义词有：negative(否定的，消极的)；irnic(讽刺的)；critical(批评的)；disgusted(厌恶的)；disappinted(失望的)等。
中性词有：indifferent(漠不关心的)；uninterested(不感兴趣的)；bjective(客观的)；neutral(中立的)等。
例（2024·全国甲卷·阅读理解C31）
Dctrs see up t 150 patients every day. The train’s equipment allws fr basic checkups. “I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned,” says Ducke. “They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want. ”
31. What is Ducke’s attitude tward the Saint Lukas’ services?
A. Appreciative.B. DubtfulC. Ambiguus.D. Cautius.
【答案】A
【解析】推断判断题。根据最后一段的““I was very impressed by the dctrs and their assistants wrking and living in such little space but still staying fcused and very cncerned, ” says Ducke. “They were the best chance fr many rural peple t get the treatment they want. ”(“医生和他们的助手在这么小的空间里工作和生活，但仍然保持专注和非常关注，这给我留下了深刻的印象，”Ducke说。这是许多农村人获得他们想要的治疗的最好机会。”)”可知，Ducke对Saint Lukas的服务持赞赏的态度，故选A。
【解题妙招7】如何判断人物和事件的特征
（1）思维导图
（2）人物和事件特征的设问方式
1．Which f the fllwing best
2．Accrding t the text, which wrds can best describe
3.Which f the fllwing best describe accrding t Paragraph
4.Hw wuld the authr feel abut the utcme f the event?
5.What did the authr think f
（3）解题技巧
把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。
例（2025年1月浙江卷·阅读理解B27，2.5分）
I’ve been trying ut these strategies and I’ve fund that when I’m less restrictive, they d make better decisins. “Feeding is a lng game,” says Markey. “The fd yu have available makes a huge difference. Even if they dn’t eat it, they’ re seeing it. And then all f a sudden it clicks.”
27. What des the authr think f the strategies she has been fllwing?
A. Cstly. B. Cmplex.
C. Wrkable. D. Cntradictry.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I’ve been trying ut these strategies and I’ve fund that when I’m less restrictive, they d make better decisins. 我一直在尝试这些策略，我发现当我限制时，它们确实会做出更好的决定。”可知,作者认为她采取的策略是可行的。故选C。
【解题妙招8】如何判断文章出处题
（1）思维导图
（2）文章出处的设问方式
①Where is this text prbably taken frm?
②In which sectin f a website can the text appear?
（3）解题技巧
“推断文章出处”类试题应从文章的内容或结构入手来判断其出处：
旅游指南类文章(a travel guide)：此类文章旨在介绍某一旅游景点的自然景观和人文特色，目的是吸引游客来访。
广告英语类文章(an advertisement)：现代生活中广告无处不在，英语阅读理解也是如此。有时会考查微型海报、通知、启示、时刻表、图表等。
课件展示类文章(a class presentatin)：此类文章往往紧扣主题，口语性强、语言活泼，形式新颖，伴随有图片、图表、文字介绍等信息。
网络网页类文章(an Internet page)：此类文章往往会提供超级链接标志，如Fr mre infrmatin, please click here.
新闻报道类文章(a news reprt)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及人物、时政、教育、体育、科技等，突出新颖性、突发性和真实性。新闻呈“倒金字塔”结构，第一段概括全文内容最重要。
研究报告类文章(a research paper)：此类文章重点介绍科技领域最新研究成果：新发现、新思想、新发明。第一段概括介绍，然后分段陈述。文章结构严谨，语言规范，句式复杂。
图书评论类文章(a bk review)：书评、影评类文章涉及到作者介绍，内容梗概、人物性格评论，写作特色以及个人好恶等内容。
科普杂志类文章(a science magazine)：此类文章内容广泛，涉及到日常生活习惯、健康饮食、太空与海洋、创造与发明、计算机发展、人类未来、动物世界等。其重点是普及科学知识，提高科学素养。
例（2026·河南省青桐鸣联考）A new high-strength, degradable surgical adhesive (黏合剂) develped at the Suth China University f Technlgy ffers a simple and highly effective way t stp bleeding, seal air leaks in the lungs, and even repair brken bnes. Created by Prfessr Shi Xueta and his team, this new type f glue represents a majr breakthrugh in medical adhesives.
Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A medical textbk.B．A persnal blg pst.
C．A prduct advertisement. D．A science news reprt.
【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段“A new high-strength, degradable surgical adhesive (黏合剂) develped at the Suth China University f Technlgy ffers a simple and highly effective way t stp bleeding, seal air leaks in the lungs, and even repair brken bnes. Created by Prfessr Shi Xueta and his team, this new type f glue represents a majr breakthrugh in medical adhesives.(华南理工大学研发的一款新型高强度可降解医用手术黏合剂，能提供一种简便且高效的方案，实现止血、封堵肺部漏气甚至修复骨折的功效。这款由施雪涛教授及其团队研发的新型黏合剂，标志着医用黏合剂领域的一项重大突破)”结合文章主要说明了华南理工大学团队研发出一种高强度可降解医用黏合剂，可止血、封肺漏气、修骨折，对肺部伤口密封率达100%，已进入技术转化阶段，有望提升手术效果与患者安全性。可知，文章是一则科学新闻报道。故选D。
【解题妙招9】如何判断文章走势
（1）思维导图
（2）文章走势的设问方式
1. What will be discussed further in the cming paragraph?
2．What may the researchers d next accrding t the last paragraph?
3．What wuld the authr mst prbably discuss next?
4．Where des the article g next?
5.What wuld the fllwing paragraph talk abut?
（3）解题技巧
对事件可能的结局或下一段可能涉及的内容等进行猜测推理。做此类题目时，务必把握作者的写作思路，如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系、对比关系来叙述，从而做出比较科学的、合情合理的预测判断。特别要注意文章最后一段的内容及最后几句话。
例（2023•全国乙卷·阅读理解C31节选）
……Accrding t a new study frm market analysts, 1 in 5 Britns say that watching ckery prgrammes n TV has encuraged them t try different fd. Almst ne third say they nw use a wider variety f ingredients(配料) than they used t, and just under 1 in 4 say they nw buy better quality ingredients than befre. One in fur adults say that TV chefs have made them much mre cnfident abut expanding their ckery knwledge and skills, and yung peple are als getting mre interested in cking. The UK's bsessin(痴迷) with fd is reflected thrugh televisin scheduling. Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast mre ften than befre. With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it’s n lnger “uncl” fr bys t like cking.
( )31.What might the authr cntinue talking abut?
A. The art f cking in ther cuntries.
B. Male chefs n TV prgrammes.
C. Table manners in the UK.
D. Studies f big eaters.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章尾句“With an increasing number f male chefs n TV, it?s n lnger ‘uncl’ fr bys t like cking.”可知,随着越来越多的男厨师出现在电视上,男孩喜欢烹饪已经不再是“不酷”的事了。由此可推知,接下来作者可能会接着讨论电视节目上的男厨师们。故选B项。
做这类题时，应把握作者的写作思路(如文章可能按事件发展的经过描写，也可能按因果关系，对比关系来叙述)，从而作出比较科学的，合情合理的猜测。和原文中表达一致的答案，一定不能选。
【解题妙招10】写作手法题解题指导
类型1、指文章的组织方式；2、全文或某个段落所运用的写作方法。
题目特点:
Hw did the researchers carry ut the new study?
Hw did researchers cllect evidence fr the study?
Hw did the researchers reach their cnclusin?
This advertisement is made mre believable by
The authr supprts his view by
Hw did the tw prfessrs reach the cnclusin f their study?
In which way did researchers draw a cnclusin?
必备词汇:
by analyzing different categries分析不同的类别
analyzing the reasns分析原因
classifying分类
cmparing data比较数据
cmparing the statistics比较统计数据
cnducting experiments进行实验
写作手法题解题技巧
根据"原文定位"来判断
先根据题干判断是具体某段还是全文写作手法，然后寻找标志词，进而找到答案。
①by giving examples 通过举例。标志词:fr example，fr instance
②by analyzing causes通过分析原因。标志词:as a result/cnsequence!ens
③by giving definitin通过下定义。标志词:that is t say
④by listing data statistics/figures通过列数字。标志词:具体数字
⑤by describing a prcess通过描述过程。标志词:first，secnd，third，finally
⑥by fllwing time rder遵作时间顺序。标志词:in1920，in the 1940s，nwadays
⑦by making cmparisn/cntrast通过对比。标志词:but, while,
⑧by making classificatins 过分类。标志词
⑨by analyzing cause and effect 通过分析因果。标志词:That is
⑩by fllwing space rder 遵循空间顺序。标志词:由近及远，由外到内
例（2025年新高考一卷·阅读理解D32；2.5分）
Micrplastics have becme a cmmn surce f pllutin acrss the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and n the Himalayas, stuck inside vlcanic rcks, filled the stmachs f seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snw. They are even appearing inside humans.
32. Hw des the authr present the issue in the first paragraph?
A. By quting an expert.B. By defining a cncept.
C. By giving examples.D. By prviding statistics.
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Micrplastics have becme a cmmn surce f pllutin acrss the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and n the Himalayas, stuck inside vlcanic rcks, filled the stmachs f seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snw. They are even appearing inside humans.(微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类身体里。)”可推断，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。故选C。
【解题妙招11】读者对象题解题指导
1.【提问方式】
1) Wh is the passage written fr_____?
2) The text is written mainly fr_____.
3) Wh are the intended readers f the passage?
4) The passage is prbably written fr______.
5) Wh might be mst interested in this piece f infrmatin?
6) The passage is prbably written by________.
2.【技巧点拨】
要理解短文内容，特别是要从作者的措辞和语气去判断这篇文章是为谁而写和哪些人写的。
例（2026·河南省新未来质量检测）But mre than definitin and clarificatin, we need cntextualizatin — t lk arund the term as we use it and see when and hw it’s used, and what kind f reactin it causes when that happens. Here, there’s a lt t lk at: hw t teach it, hw t assess it, what rle it plays in the learning prcess, hw t use it in misleading schl missin statements, hw t casually drp it in classrm walkthrughs r walkthrugh dcuments.
Wh is mst likely t be the target audience fr this article?
A．prfessin seekers.B．Curse designers.
C．Thughtful parents.D．Self-learning students.
【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Here, there’s a lt t lk at: hw t teach it, hw t assess it, what rle it plays in the learning prcess, hw t use it in misleading schl missin statements, hw t casually drp it in classrm walkthrughs r walkthrugh dcuments.(在这里，有很多内容值得探讨：如何教授它、如何评估它、它在学习过程中扮演着怎样的角色、如何将其运用在具有误导性的学校使命宣言中、又如何在课堂巡查或巡查报告中随意提及它)”可知，课程设计者最有可能是本文的目标读者。故选B。
第三部分 主旨大意题——着眼整体重匹配
【解题妙招12】总结文章标题
标题归纳题要求考生在理解文章的基础上，结合文章的体裁和结构，从所给选项中选出适合文章的标题。标题是文章中心思想的精练表达。此类题目主要考查考生把握主题和理解中心思想的能力，要求考生在理解文章的基础上运用判断、归纳、概括等方法，对文章的主题进行提炼或高度概括，最终准确地选出文章的标题。记叙文、说明文和议论文三种文体涉及的不同话题的阅读材料都会考查到标题归纳题。
1.文章标题类设问方式
·The best title f the passage is ________.
·Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
·What wuld be the best title fr the passage?
·The mst apprpriate title f the passage is ______.
2.文章标题的特点
①概括性：能概括全文并体现文章的主旨；
②针对性：内涵相符，范围一致；
③新颖性：新颖奇特，吸引眼球；
④精准性：不改变原文的意思和感情色彩
⑤简短性：名词短语,动名词短语或祈使句。
3.解题妙招：
例（2025年全国二卷·阅读理解31；2.5分）When Snja Detrinidad pened her nline shp selling huseplants, she didn’t have high hpes fr it. But the ppsite happened: She was flded, shipping ut 1,200 rders in June f 2020 alne. In the past year, Detrinidad sent ut mre than 70,000 plants. Her success is just ne example f increased time at hme leading t an explsin in the huseplant industry.
“Plants are in fashin right nw,” says Dr. Melinda Knuth, a researcher frm the University f Flrida. “Peple wh live in plant-rich envirnments reprt a higher life satisfactin rating, ” she says. “Adding mre nature t ur envirnment can change ur md and hw we think.” Plants can imprve ur state f mind in a few ways but the biggest is by decreasing ur level f crtisl, the stress hrmne (激素) in ur bdy.
“Students wh are arund plants perfrm better academically than students wh are in a classrm withut plants,” says Knuth. “This prductivity als translates int the wrkplace fr adults. Our study shwed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave fr peple wh were in plant-rich wrkplaces.”
If yu’re amng the grups f peple wh are enjying the mental and physical health benefits f surrunding yurself with plants, dn’t beat yurself up if ne (r a few!) desn’t make it. “Dctrs practice medicine and lawyers practice law and yu shuld allw yurself the practice it takes t sustain a plant. Tending t plants is an exercise in patience and learning. Be invested in taking care f it, but if it dies, g get anther ne,” Detrinidad says.
31. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Time t Replace HuseplantsB. Plants Bst Yur Md
C. Tips n Chsing HuseplantsD. Plants Brighten Yur Hme
【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。文章第一段以Detrinidad的成功为例引出室内植物行业的兴起，第二段至第三段通过Knuth的研究说明植物能通过降低皮质醇水平改善心情、提升生产率，第四段鼓励人们尝试养植物。全文核心围绕“植物对情绪和健康的积极影响”展开。选项B“Plants Bst Yur Md (植物改善你的情绪)”最能概括文章主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选B。
【解题妙招13】文章大意
1.解题思路
2. 文章大意类设问方式
·What's the main idea/pint f the passage?
·The passage is mainly abut ________.
·The passage is mainly cncerned abut ________.
·Which f the fllwing best states the main idea f the passage?
·Which f the fllwing statements best expresses the main idea/theme f the passage?
·In this passage the authr discusses primarily ________.
·The subject discussed in this text is ________.
·The general/main idea f the passage is abut ________.
3.解题技巧：
方法1：主题句法
解答主旨大意题，找准文章的主题句是关键。下面介绍两种快速找出主题句的方法。
(1)根据文体和写作手法来定位主题句
(2)根据行文标志来定位主题句
方法2：高频词法
全文中无明显主题句时，我们可以利用文章中的高频词。任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，有的文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫做主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。
方法3：逆向思维法
在两个选项看上去都十分正确无法选择时，试着从选项出发，想象一下如果自己以此选项来写文章会有哪些内容，然后把它与文章的内容比较，接近的即为正确选项。
例（2023年1月·浙江卷·阅读理解B 篇）
Live with rmmates? Have friends and family arund yu? Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.
I experienced this when I started switching t a zer waste lifestyle five years ag, as I was living with my parents, and I cntinue t experience this with my husband, as he is nt cmpletely zer waste like me. I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.
Zer waste was a radical lifestyle mvement a few years back. I remember shwing my parents a vide f Bea Jhnsn, sharing hw cl I thught it wuld be t buy grceries with jars, and have s little trash! A few days later, I came back with my first jars f zer waste grceries, and my dad cmmented n hw silly it was fr me t carry jars everywhere. It came ff as a bit discuraging.
Yet as the mnths f reducing waste cntinued, I did what I culd that was within my wn reach. I had my wn bedrm, s I wrked n remving things I didn’t need. Since I had my wn tiletries (洗漱用品), I was able t start persnalising my rutine t be mre sustainable. I als ffered t ck every s ften, s I prtined ut a bit f the cupbard fr my wn zer waste grceries. Perhaps yur husehld wn’t entirely make the switch, but yu may have sme cntrl ver yur wn persnal spaces t make the changes yu desire.
As yu make yur lifestyle changes, yu may find yurself wanting t speak up fr yurself if thers cmment n what yu’re ding, which can turn itself int a whle husehld debate. If yu have individuals wh are nt n bard, yur wrds prbably wn’t d much and can ften leave yu feeling mre discuraged.
S here is my advice: Lead by actin.
27．What is the text mainly abut?
A．Hw t get n well with ther family members.
B．Hw t have ne’s wn persnal space at hme.
C．Hw t live a zer waste lifestyle in a husehld.
D．Hw t cntrl the budget when buying grceries.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Chances are that if yu’re lking t live a mre sustainable lifestyle, nt everyne arund yu will be ready t jump n that bandwagn.(如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，可能不是你周围的每个人都准备好加入这一运动)”及第二段中的“I’ve learned a few things alng the way thugh, which I hpe yu’ll find encuraging if yu’re ding yur best t figure ut hw yu can make the change in a nt-always-supprtive husehld.(在这个过程中，我学到了一些东西，我希望如果你在一个不总是支持你的家庭中尽最大努力去弄清楚如何做出改变，你会感到鼓舞)”可知，文章主要讲述了作者如何在家庭中过零浪费的生活方式。故选C。
【解题妙招14】段落大意题
1.整体思路
2.段落大意类设问方式
·What des the authr tell us in Paragraph
·The main idea f the secnd paragraph prbably is ________.
·The first paragraph is mainly abut ________.
·Which f the fllwing can best summarize Para.1?
·What is the first paragraph mainly abut?
3.解题技巧：
段落大意题主要考查段落的主要意思，是对一个段落的基本内容的简缩和概括。概括、总结、归纳段落大意就是用准确的、简练的语言把一个段落的主要意思明确而完整地表达出来。
做题时要特别注意“首尾兼顾”，即所问段落的首句和尾句。一是因为它们往往体现主旨要义，二是因为利用这些信息可以迅速提炼段落结构框架，在框架下的主旨判断，其准确性更高。
例（2025年全国二卷·阅读理解D 34，2.5分）节选It shuld be nted that nne f the items n wastED’s menu was technically made frm garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples f meat cuts and prduce that mst restaurants wuld never cnsider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish cllars, rejected sweet ptates, and cucumber butts were all re-apprpriated and, with the help f a number f gd chefs, turned int excellent cuisine.
34. What is paragraph 5 mainly abut?
A. Why the ingredients were used.B. Which dishes were best liked.
C. What the dishes were made f.D. Where the ingredients were bught.
【答案】C
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第五段“It shuld be nted that nne f the items n wastED’s menu was technically made frm garbage. Instead, all the ingredients (配料) used were examples f meat cuts and prduce that mst restaurants wuld never cnsider serving. Things like kale ribs, fish cllars, rejected sweet ptates, and cucumber butts were all re-apprpriated and, with the help f a number f gd chefs, turned int excellent cuisine. (值得注意的是，从技术上讲，wastED的菜单上没有一项是由垃圾制成的。相反，所有使用的食材都是大多数餐馆永远不会考虑供应的肉类部位和农产品。羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等东西都被重新利用，在许多优秀厨师的助力下，变成了美味的菜肴)”可知，本段主要介绍了wastED菜单上的菜品所用的配料，如羽衣甘蓝茎、鱼颈肉、被挑拣的红薯和黄瓜蒂等，所以本段主要讲的是这些菜肴是由什么做成的。故选C。
第四部分 词句猜测题——根据语境推测词义是主流
【解题妙招15】如何猜测单词的意思
（1）常见的设问方式：
①What d the underlined wrds “” mean in paragraph 7?
②What des “” underlined in paragraph 3 refer t?
③ The wrd "" in paragraph 2 means _________?
④What d the underlined wrds “” prbably mean?
（2）解题技巧：
①“上下文语境”猜词义：根据上下文语境暗示，如下定义、举例、重述等线索，猜测生词含义。
②“背景常识”猜词义：利用日常生活和文化背景相关的常识可以准确猜测句中生词的含义。
③“逻辑关系”猜词义：利用3种逻辑关系词前后的词语确定画线词含义。
例（2025年新高考一卷·阅读理解B26；2.5分）
As a new unit started, I asked everyne t write a persuasive piece n a health-related tpic f their chice. This time they fund the exercise much mre interesting. Fr the next tw assignments, a persnal-narrative unit fllwed by a creative-writing wrkshp, I nly required that the piece meet the specificatins f its genre (体裁) and that it cntain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students tk n diverse tpics and turned in stries, 10 t 20 pages each, with characters that bradened my view and tuched my heart.
26. What des the underlined wrd “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Mixed.B. Amazing.C. Similar.D. Disturbing.
【答案】B
【解析】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“The results were staggering. The students tk n diverse tpics and turned in stries, 10 t 20 pages each, with characters that bradened my view and tuched my heart. (结果是staggering。学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。staggering意为“令人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。
根据具体语境推断词义，文章中diverse--10 t 20 pages each--bradened my view and tuched my heart→staggering→amazing。
【解题妙招16】如何猜测代词的意思
代词指代题——“就近原则”猜代词
在文章中，为了避免语意的重复和啰嗦，常用一些代词指代上文所说的人或事。在平时的学习中，熟悉代词的含义十分重要。在文章的具体语境中常出现的代词有it、this、that、he、them、they、ne、thse等。一般来讲，it/this/that指代一件事；it/he/them/they/ne/thse可指代前面内容提到的人或事。
（1） 猜测代词意思的设问方式
①What des “this” refer t in the secnd paragraph?
②What des the underlined “thse” in paragraph 3 refer t?
③What des “That” underlined in paragraph 5 prbably mean?
（2）解题方法：
例（2025年全国二卷·阅读理解B26；2.5分）
There are up t 30 students at any given time in H’s class. She generally wrks with their regular teachers t get lessns and tests being used at their hme schls. Sme teachers dn’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice t the kids,” H says. “They think their teachers dn’t care abut their schlwrk.”
26. What des the underlined wrd “it” refer t in paragraph 4?
A. Offering regular lessns.B. Paying extra attentin.
C. Assigning n schlwrk.D. Shwing n sympathy.
【答案】C
【解析】词句猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词所在句“Sme teachers dn’t give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead. “I feel like it is a disservice t the kids,” H says. (一些老师不给孩子们布置任何作业，而是表达同情。H说：“我觉得这对孩子们是一种伤害”)” 可推知，其中的“it”指的是不给孩子们布置作业这件事。故选C。
【解题妙招17】如何猜测短语的含义
（1）常见的设问方式：
①What d the underlined phrase “” mean in paragraph 2?
②Which f the fllwing best explains “” underlined in paragraph 2?
③What d the underlined phrase “” mean in paragraph 3?
④What d the underlined phrase "" refer t in the last paragraph?
（2）解题技巧：
猜测短语题要利用出现短语的上文与其意义上的联系或下文进一步的叙述来猜测它的意思或利用文章中所出现的与短语意思相反的内容来猜测其语意。
例（2024新课标I卷第28题）
When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding. The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks – like identifying the main idea in a reading passage – t nes that require mental abstractin – such as drawing inferences frm a text.
28. What des the underlined phrase “shine thrugh” in paragraph 2 mean?
A. Seem unlikely t last.B. Seem hard t explain.
C. Becme ready t use.D. Becme easy t ntice.
【答案】D
【解析】词句猜测题。根据前文“When reading texts f several hundred wrds r mre, learning is generally mre successful when it’s n paper than nscreen. A large amunt f research cnfirms this finding.(当阅读几百字或更多的文本时，在纸上学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现)”可知，在纸上学习更有成效，以及后文“when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.(当实验人员从提出简单的任务(如识别阅读文章的主旨)转移到需要思维抽象的任务(如从文本中推断)时)”推知，此处应是表达“当实验者从简单的任务转向需要精神抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见”之意，所以shine thrugh应是“显而易见”之意，和D项意思相近。故选D项。
【解题妙招18】如何猜测句子的意思
（1）常见的设问方式：
①The underlined part "" in Para. 2 prbably means __________.
②By saying “” in Para. 2, the authr means _______.
③What d the wrds “” in paragraph 1 prbably mean?
④What des the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?
（2）解题技巧
句意理解题通常需要考生理解的是一个具有概括性的句子或是考查考生对谚语、格言警句等的理解，要求考生通过上下文的情景暗示及文章的主题思想来判断句意，只有紧密结合语境，才能既理解相应的字面意思，也理解相应的深层含义。
例（2019•浙江卷·阅读理解C篇）
Mney with n strings attached. It’s nt smething yu see every day. But at Unin Statin in Ls Angeles last mnth, a bard went up with dllar bills attached t it with pins and a sign that read, "Give What Yu Can, Take What Yu Need."
Peple quickly caught n. And while many tk dllars, many thers pinned their wn cash t the bard. “Peple f all ages, races, and sci-ecnmic(社会经济的)backgrunds gave and tk, ”said Tyler Bridges f The Tlbx, which created the prject. "We even had a bride in her wedding dress cme up t the bard and take a few dllars." Mst f the bills n the bard were singles, but a few peple left fives, tens and even twenties. The vide clip(片段)shws ne man wh had fund a $ 20 bill pinning it t the bard.
“What I can say fr the flks that gave the mst, is that they were full f smiles,” Bridges said. “There’s a certain feeling that giving can d fr yu and that was apparent in thse that gave the mst." Mst peple wh tk dllars tk nly a few, but Bridges said a very small number tk as much as they culd.
While the clip might lk like part f a new ad campaign, Bridges said the nly gal was t shw genersity and sympathy. He added that he hpes peple in ther cities might try similar prjects and pst their wn vides n the Internet.
“After all, everyne has bad days and gd days," he said. “Sme days yu need a helping hand and sme days yu can be the ne giving the helping hand.”
24. What des the expressin "mney with n strings attached" in paragraph 1 mean?
A. Mney spent withut hesitatin.
B. Mney nt legally made.
C. Mney ffered withut cnditins.
D. Mney nt tied tgether.
【答案】C
【文章大意】文章介绍了Tyler Bridges 所发动的一个项目，让有善心的人捐助钱财，让需要的人自取钱财，而这个项目的宗旨就在于让人们能够互相帮助。
【解析】句意理解题。根据下文的故事并结合第一段板上写的言语“Give what yu can. Take what yu need”可知，这里的钱是可以随意拿取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C。
【解题妙招19】最后叮嘱：阅读理解的整体思路方法：
重难题型 阅读7选5高分攻略8招
第一部分 利用设空位置解题
【解题妙招1】标题句的特征及解题技巧
1.应当首先观察其他段落标题的句式结构，根据已有小标题的句式特征，则可迅速缩小选择范围。标题应当短小精悍，多为名词词组、动名词或祈使句。
2.根据小标题下面的内容，进一步确定小标题选项的准确性。小标题一定要它后面的内容保持一致。
1.解题技巧：
段落标题句：1.观察其他段落标题的表达形式；2.段落标题句的特点：短小且语言精炼，以祈使句或短句为主；3.阅读段落内容，提炼中心句，留意体现主旨的原词、同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词。
2.思维方法：
例（2025年1月•浙江卷·阅读7选5）
One f the mst cmmn mistakes in cmmunicatin is trying t d t much. 36 There’s n value in delivering any kind f cmmunicatin, whether written, spken, frmal, r infrmal, if the message desn’t cme acrss clearly. Being clear and brief — while maintaining interest and including everything yur listeners need t knw — is a high-level cmmunicatin skill.
Here are sme tips wrth fllwing in rder t cmmunicate mre effectively.
Keep yur audience in mind.
Yur audience will naturally be mre interested and engaged when yu tailr yur cmmunicatins t their interests. 37 This will engage their desire t understand and interact with the infrmatin.
Dn’t use ten wrds when ne will d.
Even the mst engaged and cmmitted audience will eventually get bred. Keeping yur message simple and clear will make it easier fr peple t understand. 38 Hwever, they’re hearing it fr the first time. Keep it simple.
39
If yu’ve ever wrked as an instructr, manager, trainer r cach, yu’ll knw that there are few better ways t learn new infrmatin than t teach it. Ask the audience t cntribute their ideas r t take a rle in explaining new cncepts and plicies t thers. Allw them t lead discussins and meetings t develp their cmmunicatin skills.
Cnsider the best methd t deliver yur message.
If the infrmatin yu’re cmmunicating isn’t urgent, cnsider sending an email. Written cmmunicatin will give yur audience mre time t review it, think it ver, and fllw up with questins. 40
Building effective cmmunicatin skills takes time, but the effects are wrth the effrt.
A．Be patient.
B．Get the audience invlved.
C．The best messages are ften simple.
D．Speak directly t what matters t them.
E．Yu may be surprised by what yur listeners ffer.
F．It will als give them a handy recrd t refer back t.
G．As the speaker, yu already knw what yu’re ging t say.
【思维过程】
●39空为小标题句，观察其他小标题句的特征，它们都是祈使句。
●选项定位7个选项中有3个是祈使句ABD→看小标题下面的内容→①cntribute their ideas r t take a rle in explaining new cncepts and plicies t thers（贡献自己的想法，或在向他人解释新概念和政策方面发挥作用）②Allw them t lead discussins and meetings t develp their cmmunicatin skills让他们主持讨论和会议，以发展他们的沟通技巧→B．Get the audience invlved.
●故选B
【解题妙招2】段首空解题
首先应当采取形似原则，观察与其他段落首句是否出现相同结构，一般考查祈使句的相同结构居多。其次应当研读上一段的内容，尤其是上一段结尾的内容，结合本段内容，看选项是否符合逻辑上的紧密衔接。
段首题具有鲜明的语言特征，要么是段落标题句(主旨句)，要么就是段落主题句。
1.段落小标题：概括段落大意，特征突出，短小且语言精炼
2.段落主题句：段落主旨概括性，与其它段落承上启下
设空在段首——思考是“段落主题句”还是“承上启下句”
1.把握形似，确定段落标题句
2.根据一致，确定段落主题句
3.瞻前顾后，确定段落过渡句
例（2024年1月•浙江卷·阅读七选五节选）
40 A scial cnnectin is ften a big part f learning. There are things yu can d t ease this prblem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking nline curses with a friend, s yu can mtivate each ther t stay n track. Yu can als find students n the class discussin bard t rganize a study grup, r schedule in-persn meetings with yur prfessr t discuss curse cncepts.
A．But that desn’t mean there aren’t deadlines.
B．Yur mtivatin shuld be yur main cncern.
C．D yu knw that nline curses are als part f yur educatin?
D．Prfessr Alex Davidsn teaches the same curse in persn and nline.
E．The chief cmplaint abut nline curses is that they lack human interactin.
F．If yu take an nline curse, what can yu d t ensure the best pssible grade?
G．A survey fund that 29 percent f cllege students registered fr nline curses.
G. Dictinaries dn’t always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【思维过程】
●40空为段首句。
●看段首句40空下面的内容→ A scial cnnectin is ften a big part f learning. There are things yu can d t ease this prblem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking nline curses with a friend, s yu can mtivate each ther t stay n track. Yu can als find students n the class discussin bard t rganize a study grup, r schedule in-persn meetings with yur prfessr t discuss curse cncepts.→scial cnnectin、mtivate each ther、 the class discussin、rganize a study grup→互动的内容→E．The chief cmplaint abut nline curses is that they lack human interactin.→human interactin人们间的互动
●故选E
【解题妙招3】考查段中句
如何应对段中句的考查
段中设空题通常考查过渡句和细节句。段中句若位于主题句后，很可能是说明原因、举例证明、分述细化主题、解释前面句中的某个概念等；位于段落中间可能起衔接作用。要重点阅读空前一句和空后一句，找出它们之间的逻辑关系，或者根据意义的连贯性得出答案。解题时要特别注意体现时间、原因、方式、转折等逻辑关系的语篇标志词(关联词)。
段中设空题：
①细节句：设空位于段中，首先阅读选项并画出关键词；然后重点阅读设空处的前一句和后一句，画出关键词，找出它们之间的逻辑关系或根据意义的连贯性得出答案；阅读各个选项，标记关键词；比较匹配关键词，确定答案；利用词汇复现找到答案；利用表并列、转折、递进和因果的关系的关联词找到答案。
②过渡句：阅读空处前后内容，挖掘内在的逻辑关系；阅读各个选项，标记表示转折、并列、递进或因果关系的关联词；注意词汇复现：同源词、同义词、近义词或反义词复现，不同时态形式的动词等。
段中设空考查逻辑关系
段中设空主要考查上下文的逻辑关系。有时会出现下列衔接词汇或短语结构: first, secnd, then, next, later, sn, s, but, hwever, additinally, what’s mre, that is, namely, in ther wrds, fr ne thing. . . fr anther等, 这些词汇和短语结构在文章中起到提示逻辑关系的作用,是解题时需要重点关注的部分。考生应对常用的逻辑关系了然于心，并在阅读时能有效地找出关键信息。常考逻辑关系如下，
①总分关系：指选项是中心句；
②并列关系：指选项与前句或后句在结构或内容上一致；
③递进关系：指后句对前句进行补充说明或语义上的延伸；
④转折关系；指选项与前句或后句语义相反或相对，后句往往是对前句的修正，表达作者的真正意图；
⑤例证关系：指后句是前句的具体实例。
⑥概括阐释：指前句对后句或后句对前句进行归纳概括，若前句归纳，后句即是对前句的具体阐释，使得概念更加清晰易懂；若后句概括，即后句是对前句所阐释的内容进行意义整合；
⑦因果关系：指选项与前后句构成因果关系。
例（2025•浙江新高考卷·阅读填空节选）
Dn’t use ten wrds when ne will d.
Even the mst engaged and cmmitted audience will eventually get bred. Keeping yur message simple and clear will make it easier fr peple t understand. 38 Hwever, they’re hearing it fr the first time. Keep it simple.
A．Be patient.
B．Get the audience invlved.
C．The best messages are ften simple.
D．Speak directly t what matters t them.
E．Yu may be surprised by what yur listeners ffer.
F．It will als give them a handy recrd t refer back t.
G．As the speaker, yu already knw what yu’re ging t say.
【思维过程】
●38空为段中句。
●看段中句38空下文的内容→ Hwever, they’re hearing it fr the first time.(然而，他们是第一次听到这些)→上句和这个句子内容构成转折关系→G．As the speaker, yu already knw what yu’re ging t say.→fr the first time与already→表现出了转折关系
●故选G
【解题妙招4】如何应对段尾句考查
1．细节句：①与上文是转折或对比关系；②与上文是并列或递进关系。
2．总结句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语，如therefre、 as a result、 thus、 t sum up、 t cnclude、 in a wrd等。
3．段落过渡句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
段尾设空的题多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。即要么是结论句，要么就是承上启下句。
题型和考查角度：
①结论句：用于总结本段内容，常含有总结性的词语。
②承上启下句：此空处的答案能够将上段和下段的内容连贯起来。
③细节句：空前一句或两句是重点语句，应该重点阅读；锁定空前重点语句中的高频词汇和体现逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有表逻辑关系的关联词；寻找选项中是否有与上文相同或相似的句式结构。
④过渡句：瞻前顾后找线索；阅读上一段的结尾，结合下一段的开头，留意衔接词和关键词；注意所选答案是否衔接上下段内容；阅读空前段落内容，抓住主旨，总结空前的内容，并利用词汇复现等技巧选出正确答案。
例（2025•全国II卷）
●Yu’ll feel like yu have mre time.
Peple ften feel they are t busy t vlunteer. Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it. ___17___
A. Helping the cmmunity lwers rates f depressin.
B. Vlunteering as a family may be just the thing yu need.
C. Vlunteering has a lifelng effect n kids and teenagers.
D. Vlunteering can be the first step in breaking dwn prejudice.
E. Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits.
F. Yu may even learn that yur kid has a talent yu didn’t knw abut befre.
G. Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day.
【思维过程】
●17空为段尾句。
●看段尾句17空上文的内容→ Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it.→G. Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day.→构成因果关系，解释了yu have mre time的原因
●故选G
【答案】G
【解题妙招5】利用词汇复现解题
1.原词重复信息
(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
___37___ Sme peple register a list f things they want r need fr their new hme at a lcal stre r stres.Sme cmmn things peple will put n a gift registry include kitchen tls like knives and things like curtains.Even if there isn’t a registry, a gd husewarming gift is smething t decrate the new huse with, like a piece f art r a plant.
A．This isn’t usual thugh.
B．It is traditinal t bring a gift t a husewarming party.
C．Yu can als bring fd r drinks t share with the ther guests.
D．If yu’re lucky enugh t receive gifts, keep them in a safe place.
E．It als gives peple a chance t see what the new hme lks like.
F．The best husewarming parties encurage ld friends t get tgether.
G．This was s that the persn culd keep their hme warm fr the winter.
【解析】本题可用原词重复信息解题，根据本段中多次出现的“gift”可知，该段的主题应该是带礼物。B项“带礼物去乔迁聚会是传统”概括了本段内容。B项中的“gift”与下文多次出现的“gift”为原词复现。故选B。
2.代词重复信息
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Recently, peple have begun studying the cnnectin between the natural wrld and healing (治愈)．__38__ In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery ...
A．Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B．S what are yu waiting fr?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F．Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G．All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【解析】根据设空处后的“In these places patients can g t be near nature during their recvery.”可知，在这些地方，病人在康复期间可以接近大自然。these places应指代设空处提到的地点，G项中的Healing Gardens为these places指代的地点，且Healing为上文中healing的复现，故G项符合语境。
3.派生重复信息
(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
__40__ While the sun’s rays can age and harm ur skin, they als give us beneficial Vitamin D．T make sure yu get enugh Vitamin D — but still prtect yur skin — put n sunscreen right as yu head utside.It takes sunscreen abut fifteen minutes t start wrking, and that’s plenty f time fr yur skin t absrb a day’s wrth f Vitamin D.
A．Fresh air cleans ur lungs.
B．S what are yu waiting fr?
C．Being in nature refreshes us.
D．Anther side benefit f getting fresh air is sunlight.
E．But is fresh air really as gd fr yu as yur mther always said?
F．Just as imprtantly, we tend t assciate fresh air with health care.
G．All acrss the cuntry, recvery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
【解析】本题从两个角度分析：(1)下文中的“beneficial”与D项中的“benefit”属于同根词，属于派生词重复信息；(2)本段介绍了阳光的多种好处。D项中的“sunlight”与空格后的“sun’s rays”相呼应，符合逻辑通顺原则。故选D。
4.反义重复信息
(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)
There is als the matter f tne (语气)．Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? __39__.Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
A．Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B．Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C．Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D．The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E．Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F．Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G．An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
【解析】本题可以从两个方面进行考虑：(1)根据空格前一句“谁没有收到令人烦恼的邮件而毁掉一整天？”，及空格后“表情符号可以让交流感觉更友好”可知，此处需要一个句子来承上启下，要从逻辑上进行考虑。B项“即使是一封正式的电子邮件也会让人觉得冷冰冰、不友好”，承上启下，符合语境；(2)根据空格后的“friendlier”和B项中的“unfriendly”语义相反可知，空后是表情符号的优点，空处是没有表情符号的电子邮件的缺点。故选B。
【解题妙招6】利用一致关系
1.代词指代一致
（2023新高考I卷39题）
Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. 39 That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
【解析】39.根据空后内容“That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend r family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。故选C。
2.句式一致
（2016高考II卷）
A garden that’s just right fr yu
Have yu ever visited a garden that seemed just right fr yu, where the atmsphere f the garden appeared t ttal mre than the sum(总和) f its parts? 16 . But it desn’t happen by accident. It starts with lking inside yurself and understanding wh yu are with respect t the natural wrld and hw yu apprach the gardening prcess.
● 17
Sme peple may think that a garden is n mre than plants, flwers, patterns and masses f clr. Others are cncerned abut using gardening methds that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 18 .Hwever, there are a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. One f them cmes frm ur earliest years.
●Recall(回忆)yur childhd memries
Our mdel f what a garden shuld be ften ges back t childhd. Grandma’s rse garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be gd r bad, but that’s nt what’s imprtant. 19 — hw being in thse gardens made us feel. If yu’d like t build a pwerful bnd with yur garden, start by taking sme time t recall the gardens f yur yuth. 20 . Then g utside and wrk ut a plan t translate yur childhd memries int yur grwn-up garden. Have fun.
A. Knw why yu garden
B. Find a gd place fr yur wn garden
C. It’s ur experience f the garden that matters
D. It’s delightful t see s many beautiful flwers
E. Still thers may simply enjy being utdrs and clse t plants
F. Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t
G. Fr each f thse gardens, write dwn the strngest memry yu have
【解析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了如何种植一个正好适合你的花园。
16.F考查上下文的衔接。根据文章首句及下文的But it desn’t happen by accident.可知，这里讲了“你是否曾去过一个花园……但是它不是偶然发生的。”故F. Yu can prduce that kind f magical quality in yur wn garden, t符合语境。
17.A考查小标题。根据下文的a number f ther reasns that might explain why yu want t garden. 可知，本段主题与你想要种植花园的原因有关，再加上句式特征祈使句。故选A。18. E考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的"Sme peple may think..."和"Others are cncerned abut..."可知此处表达的是人们种植花园的不同原因,而E项中的"Still thers may simply enjy..."与上下文衔接自然,故选E项。19. C考查上下文的衔接。根据上文的" that’s nt what’s imprtant"和下文中的"hw being in thse gardens made us feel"可知此处讲的应是什么是重要的,故C项符合语境。20. G考查上下文的衔接。上文的"the gardens f yur yuth"以及下文的"yur childhd memries"与G项中的"thse gardens"和"the strngest memry yu have"相呼应,故选G项。
【解题妙招7】利用逻辑关系解题
1.转折关系
（2022全国乙卷）
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
40 , but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【解析】40. F。设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。故选F。
2.因果关系
（2020新高考卷）
Even the mst successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the nly ne wh cares abut any mistake is the ne wh is speaking. Peple’s attentin wanders cnstantly. In fact, mst peple nly absrb abut 20 percent f a speaker’s message. S, dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne. 38
A. D the ppsite.
B.Y u want t be an effective public speaker.
C. Yu dn’ t need t aplgize fr a minr slip.
D. When it cmes t public speaking, less is usually mre.
E. The bjective f mst speeches is t benefit the audience
F. Take the fear ut f public speaking by fcusing n yur listeners
G. Hwever, the majrity f peple are effective speakers because they train t be.
【解析】38. C。根据上文中的“S，dn’t stp speaking when yu make a mistake unless it’s a truly serius ne.”可知，当你犯错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可以推知，空处承接上文，说明犯小错误无需道歉，故C项正确。
3.递进关系
（2023全国甲卷）
●Practice gratitude (感激)
Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic. 37 . “Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia.
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
【解析】37.根据上文“Thankfulness has a lt f benefits: Research shws it makes us happier, less stressed and even mre ptimistic.(感恩有很多好处：研究表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文““Shwing thankfulness can fster self-cntrl,” said Ye Li, researcher at the University f Califrnia. (加州大学的研究员叶丽说：“表达感激可以培养自我控制能力。”)”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句继续说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐心”符合语境，故选E。als表示递进关系。
【解题妙招8】熟悉阅读7选5的整体流程：
重难题型 完形填空高分攻略13招
【解题妙招1】利用文章首段信息解题
首段首句知全文
高考完形填空，首句不设空，使之成为一个很好的提示句。它往往是了解文章的一个窗口，由此可判断故事发生的人物、时间、地点、气氛等多方面信息，对我们理解全文有着重要的启示作用。
例（2025年北京卷·完形填空）At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed. The 1 t stand ut cnsumed me, pushing me twards a regrettable decisin.
1．A．prmiseB．cmpetitinC．desireD．hesitatin
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：引起注意的欲望吞噬着我，促使我做出了一个令人遗憾的决定。A. prmise承诺；B. cmpetitin竞争；C. desire欲望；D. hesitatin犹豫。根据前文“At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed.”可知，作者学业优秀却感觉不被关注，所以有引起注意的欲望。故选C项。
首段首句At 15, I excelled academically yet felt vershadwed and unnticed. 15岁那年，我在学业上成绩优异，却总觉得自己被光芒掩盖，无人问津。为后文打下了伏笔。
【解题妙招2】利用逻辑关系解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，hwever，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有s，therefre，thus，because, fr，since，as等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有thugh，althugh，despite, in spite f等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, nce，prvided that，in case f等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is t say, in ther wrds等)；顺序关系(连接词有befre，after，and，first，secnd，then，next, finally等)。
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。
1.（2025年全国一卷·完形填空45；1分）【转折关系】That left a huse still stuffed with things that, while nt particularly ___45___, didn’t belng in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).
45. A. cnventinalB. valuableC. cmplicatedD. tlerable
【答案】B
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得房子里仍然堆满了那些虽然不是特别值钱，但不应该放在垃圾填埋场的东西。A. cnventinal 传统的；B. valuable 有价值的；C. cmplicated 复杂的；D. tlerable 可容忍的。根据上文“while nt particularly”以及下文“didn’t belng in a landfill”可推知，此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。【此处while意为：尽管。与后面构成转折关系】
2.（2025年全国二卷·完形填空48；1分）【并列关系】Since setting ut n the jurney, the fitness lver has nt nly managed t ___48___ an impressive set f muscles — but als a huge fllwing n scial media.
48. A. grwB. cntrlC. activateD. relax
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从踏上这段旅程以来，这位健身爱好者不仅产生了令人惊叹的肌肉，还在社交媒体上收获了庞大的粉丝群。A. grw形成，产生；B. cntrl控制；C. activate激活；D. relax放松。根据下文“an impressive set f muscles”可推知，此处指她练出肌肉，即产生肌肉。故选A。【此处nt als...并列关系】
【解题妙招3】利用上下文语境解题
完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
例（2025年北京卷·完形填空2,1分)节选One day, during a class in the IT lab with my classmates, ur teacher mentined missing cmputer parts. 2 lks exchanged, everyne wndered hw it culd happen in a lcked lab. “It’s pssible t pen that lck with anther key,” I said.
2．A．CuriusB．HpefulC．DistantD．Envius
【答案】A
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大家交换着好奇的眼神，都想知道在一个锁着的实验室里怎么会发生这种事。A. Curius好奇的；B. Hpeful有希望的；C. Distant遥远的；D. Envius嫉妒的。根据后文“everyne wndered hw it culd happen”可知，大家对电脑零件丢失这件事感到好奇。故选A项。
【解题妙招4】利用固定搭配解题
在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。
值得注意的是：英语完形填空中的词义辨析，大多是利用短语和语境解题，与词义辨析没什么关系。
例（2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空22,1分)节选Upn arriving, he fund the pian in very rugh shape — dust was everywhere, and there was a gluey substance under the keys that 22 them frm wrking.
22．A．rescuedB．defendedC．liberatedD．prevented
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rescued拯救；B. defended防御；C. liberated解放；D. prevented阻止。根据前文“there was a gluey substance under the keys”和后文“them frm wrking”可知，这种粘性物质导致琴键无法正常工作， ding是固定搭配，意为“阻止……做……”。故选D。
【解题妙招5】利用原词复现解题
（2025年全国一卷·完形填空42；1分）【原词复现】 We had decided n key items fr the ___42___ we were mving t in twn, dnated what we culd, and rented a place t stre ur suppsedly imprtant bjects.
……
I sit in my apartment tday,
42. A. htelB. fficeC. cttageD. apartment
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们已经为即将搬到城里的公寓选定了关键物品，尽可能捐赠了能捐的东西，并租了一个地方来存放我们自认为重要的物品。A. htel 酒店；B. ffice 办公室；C. cttage 小屋；D. apartment 公寓。根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment tday”可推知，此处指作者一家人搬到了公寓。故选D。【原词复现】apartment 公寓--apartment 公寓（选项）
【解题妙招6】利用同义词复现解题
（2025年全国一卷·完形填空46；1分）【同义词复现】I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10. A cuple f messages came in, ne wanting additinal ___26___, anther asking fr a price cut.
26. A. feesB. phtsC. receiptsD. mdels
【答案】B
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有几条信息进来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条请求降价。A. fees 费用；B. phts 照片；C. receipts 收据；D. mdels 模型。根据上文“I tk a picture f the vase”及“additinal”可推知，此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。【同义词复现】picture---pht
【解题妙招7】利用反义词复现解题
（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空47.1分）【反义复现】
When I met Tiffy’s wners, they seemed very 47 . Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm, but I culd tell this was hard fr him, having t leave his dg t a stranger and trust that everything wuld wrk ut.
( )B.nervusC.annyedD.curius
【答案】B
【解析】根据空后“Gerge, the husband, was trying t be calm…”可知,作者见到狗的主人时,他们非常紧张。cnfused困惑的; nervus紧张的; annyed恼怒的; curius好奇的。故选B项。【反义复现】nervus--calm
【解题妙招8】利用情感态度解题（记叙文尤为突出）
在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的情感态度的相关词汇就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。
情感态度：①关注故事的转折点和相关人物的情绪变化；②判断作者与文中其他人物的情感态度；③积累表达“爱憎好恶”的词汇和固定短语。
例（2025年全国二卷·完形填空）【积极情绪】Determined t turn her life arund, Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a ___45___ lifestyle, befre discvering a passin fr weightlifting.
45. A. riskyB. traditinalC. cmfrtableD. healthy
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Dnhue女士决心改变生活，开始锻炼身体并遵循健康的生活方式，之后她发现了对举重的热爱。A. risky有风险的；B. traditinal传统的；C. cmfrtable舒适的；D. healthy健康的。根据上文“Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut”可推知，此处指她选择健康的生活方式。故选D。
根据人物的情感变化解题是一个重要线索，此处Determined正面意义的词，表达了正向情绪，所以后文，相对应的就是健康的生活方式。Determined--healthy。
【解题妙招9】利用首尾呼应解题
完形填空文章或段落存在首尾呼应的关系，文章首句常含有解题的关键信息，是判断文章体裁、预测主旨大意的突破口，而尾句或尾段会在故事即将结束的时候有一个主题意义的呈现或思想的升华。通过结合首段(或首句)和尾段(或尾句)信息，考生可以更好地解答部分题目。
例(2024•新课标Ⅰ卷）I’ve been mtivated — and demtivated — by ther flks’ achievement s all my life.
I’ve ____54____ a lt since then. I’ve cme t accept that whatever ____55____ I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.
54. A. traveledB. maturedC. missedD. wrried
55. A. limitsB. datesC. galsD. tests
【答案】BC
【解析】54.首尾呼应题。根据第一段可知，我的一生中，别人的成就激励着我，也让我失去动力。最后一段句意：从那以后我成熟了很多。我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. traveled旅行；B. matured (情感和认识)成熟；C. missed思念；D. wrried担心。根据后文“I’ve cme t accept that whatever _________ I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，作者不再轻易放弃，所以是成熟了很多。和开头呼应，故选B项。
55.首尾呼应题。句意：我已经开始接受这样一个事实：无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的。A. limits限制；B. dates日期；C. gals目标；D. tests测试。根据后文“I set fr myself, they just have t be my wn.”可知，此处应是“无论我为自己设定什么目标，它们都必须是我自己的”，和开头呼应，符合语境。故选C项。
【解题妙招10】关注熟词生义解题
高考对“熟词生义”的考查主要放在考生十分熟悉的课标内词汇上。考生可能对某些词汇的常见词义较为熟悉，而想不到这些词汇不常用的词义，即“生义”。命题人有时会对这些词义进行考查。“熟词生义”的意外失分屡见不鲜。
例1. (2025·全国一卷·完形填空)Encuraged, I psted mre. My daily psts and the visits I received became a precius ray f light in the chas f my huse. Each exchange prvided a chance t 51 the landfill and t please anther persn I might nt therwise have encuntered.
( )B.spare C.findD.check
【答案】B
【解析】根据上文语境以及下文the landfill可推知,此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替把旧物丢去垃圾填埋场,此处spare意为“免去”,表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。remve 移除;spare省得,免去;find 发现;check 检查。
例2. (2025年1月·浙江卷·完形填空)“It’s a great pprtunity t share my passin fr fd and t meet new peple,” said Ribeir. Smetimes she prepares traditinal Brazilian dishes in hnur f her native hme; ther times she 49 dinner curses with her favurite beers.
( )B.tastes C.rdersD.pairs
【答案】D
【解析】空格后提到的啤酒与晚餐属于同级关系。空格处需要一个动词和with呼应,D选项pair意为“搭配”,在这里最符合上下文语境,表示她给晚餐配上佳酿。
【解题妙招11】利用一词多义解题
例(2024·浙江1月卷)In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he shwed me just hw much ne can gain frm travelling with an pen mind, and a willingness t 55 with lcals frm all walks f life.
( ) B.side C.negtiate D.engage
【答案】D
【解析】根据后文with lcals frm all walks f life可知,此处是指和各行各业的当地人打交道,应用短语engage with。故选D。cperate合作; side 支持; negtiate协商; engage与……建立密切关系。
engage v.（使）参与,接洽；v.雇用；聘用；吸引住（注意力、兴趣），engage一词多义
【解题妙招12】利用生活常识解题
生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。
例（2025年天津第一次卷·完形填空32,1分)节选A vide was psted n TikTk shwing hw he cleaned and tuned the pian, which has received mre than 1,500 32 . “S glad the pian is restred, Thank yu fr bringing a new life t the pian!” ne persn wrte.
32．A．invitatinsB．awardsC．cmmentsD．ffers
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：TikTk上发布了一段他清洁和调音钢琴的视频，收到了1500多条评论。A. invitatins邀请；B. awards奖项；C. cmments评论；D. ffers提供。根据前文“A vide was psted n TikTk”可知，视频发布在社交平台上，收到的应是网友的评论，后文也引用了网友的留言。故选C。
根据生活常识：手机或电脑上评论就是cmments。
【解题妙招13】完形填空总体思路记心间：
重难题型 语法填空高分攻略22招
【解题妙招1】提示词是动词—考查动词的时态和语态
一、确定作谓语
分析句子结构，若句中无谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但空处所填词与之是并列关系时，空处就用谓语动词。
若填谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致
(1)根据语境、并列谓语、时间标志词等确定用哪种时态；
(2)根据主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系以确定语态；
(3)根据人称和数，确保主谓一致。
二、确定时态
1.根据具体的时间状语：常见的时态的时间状语标志词
2.根据具并列关系：
考查动词时态的题目有时可以根据句子或谓语动词之间的平行关系词“and, but, r, rather than, neither... nr..., nt nly... but als...”等前后的谓语动词的时态必须一致来确定时态。
3.根据常用句式定时态：
(1)was/were ding... when...＋一般过去时
(2)was/were abut t d... when...＋一般过去时
(3)it is the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋现在完成时
(4)it was the＋序数词＋time＋that...＋过去完成时
(5)N sner had＋主语＋dne... than＋一般过去时
(6)Hardly/Scarcely had＋主语＋dne... when＋一般过去时
(7)It will be＋时间段＋befre＋一般现在时
4.根据语境暗示。没有标志性的时间状语，且其他参照物都不明显的情况下，通过正确理解语境暗示解题，也是解决时态问题尤其是易错题的重要方法。
三、确定语态
1.根据逻辑辨别主动或被动关系
(1)分析句子结构，发现提示词作谓语，若与主语之间是主动关系，应考虑用主动语态；若是被动关系则考虑用被动语态。
(2)被动语态的基本形式为：be＋过去分词。
(3)运用上面的技法来判断是什么时态的被动语态，再根据主谓一致判断be动词的形式。
2.主动表被动
(1)当feel，lk，smell，taste，sund等后面接形容词时；
(2)当read，sell，wear，write，wash等作不及物动词表示主语内在“品质”或“性能”时；
1．（2025年全国一卷·语法填空61；1.5分）A decent winner always ____61____ (try) t beat the ppnent by n mre than ne r tw pints as a gesture (姿态) f respect fr the ther side. ”
【答案】 tries
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
2.（2025年北京卷·语法填空18，1.5分）Hwever, accrding t a reprt by the Wrld Wildlife Fund, turists ____18____ (leave) ver 1.3 billin tns f fd waste last year, which accunted fr abut 8% f the ttal glbal gas release in 2024.
【答案】 left
【解析】考查时态。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客产生了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，这约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。根据“last year”可知，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，“leave”的过去式是“left”。故填left。
3. （2025年北京卷·语法填空15，1.5分）Making chices is part f life. By the time yu brushed yur teeth, yu ____15____ (make) several decisins even withut nticing.
【答案】 had made
【解析】考查时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状语“By the time yu brushed yur teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。
4.(2025年1月浙江卷·语法填空62；1.5分)The cncept ____62____ (be) certainly nt new — men have been renting gd suits fr decades — but fr female shppers, it is just taking ff. This clthing-as-service mdel fllws the brader scietal mvement twards shared ecnmies.
【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：这个概念当然并不新鲜——几十年来，男性一直在租赁优质西装——但对于女性购物者来说，它才刚刚兴起。系动词be作谓语，句子陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语The cncept是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式is。故填is。
【解题妙招2】谓语动词的主谓一致
1．（2025年全国二卷·语法填空61；1.5分） And in the prcess, I’ve experienced things that really surprise me at times. The “sunshine scent (香味)” f freshly sunned clthes ____61____ (be) ne f them.
【答案】 is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：晒过的衣服的“阳光的味道”就是其中之一。本句描述的是一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The “sunshine scent (香味)” f freshly sunned clthes为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is。
2.(2025全国一卷·语法填空60；1.5分)“The players’ persnalities 60 (reveal) during the game, and ne’s weaknesses are expsed t the ppnent,” she adds.
【答案】are revealed
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ persnalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。
【解题妙招3】提示词是动词—考查非谓语动词作状语
分析句子结构，所给提示词是动词时，若句中已有谓语动词，又无连词时，则考虑填非谓语动词。
方法一 非谓语动词作状语
1．寻找线索
(1)挖空句有谓语动词，通常用逗号把状语与主干分隔开。
(2)我们需要认真分析句子结构，明确句子成分，先甄别出句子的主干，再确定用哪种形式作状语。
2．解题指导
(1)找句子主干：认真阅读挖空的句子，找出句子的主语、谓语(和宾语)，从而正确理解句意。
(2)确定谓语动词和非谓语动词：分析所给的提示词与主语和谓语动词之间的关系。
(3)确定填哪种非谓语动词形式：
①主语与提示词是逻辑上的主谓关系：表目的，用t d; 表出乎意料的结果，用nly t d; 表时间、条件、原因、让步、伴随、自然而然的结果，用ding。
②主语与提示词是逻辑上的动宾关系：表动作还未发生，用t be dne; 表动作已经发生，用dne。
1. （2025年天津高考一卷·语法填空5，1分）5．________（impress） the audience, the speaker prepared a detailed and engaging presentatin.
【答案】T impress
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了给听众留下深刻印象，这位演讲者精心准备了一份详尽且引人入胜的演讲内容。“准备演示文稿”的目的是“为了给观众留下深刻印象”，不定式T impress表目的，符合语境。故填T impress。
2．（2025高考北京卷·语法填空17，1.5分） When ____17____ (travel), we engage with cultures and experiences. Hwever, accrding t a reprt by the Wrld Wildlife Fund, turists left ver 1.3 billin tns f fd waste last year, which accunted fr abut 8% f the ttal glbal gas release in 2024.
【答案】traveling
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：旅行时，我们接触不同文化和体验不同经历。句子主语“we”与“travel”之间是主动关系，用现在分词，构成“when+现在分词”的状语从句省略结构。故填traveling。
3.（2026·江西省赣抚吉联盟联考） (make) f high-quality semi-carse wl, it is prized fr its elasticity, resilience and bright clrs.
【答案】Made
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它由高品质的半粗羊毛制成，因其弹性、韧性以及鲜艳的色彩而备受青睐。空格处需用非谓语动词作状语。逻辑主语“it”（指代和田地毯）与“make”（制作）之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。首字母大写。故填Made。
【解题妙招4】非谓语动词作定语
1．寻找线索
(1)空格可在名词或代词之前，也可在名词或代词之后，对该名词或代词起修饰或限定作用。
(2)如果有逗号隔开，放在名词或代词之后，通常对该名词进行补充说明，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。
2．解题指导
(1)如果名词中心词是该动作的发出者，通常用现在分词(短语)作定语。
(2)如果名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用过去分词(短语)作定语。
(3)如果表示未发生的动作，且名词中心词是该动作的承受者，通常用动词不定式作定语。
1．（2025年全国二卷·语法填空62；1.5分）Grwing up, my family and ur neighbrs never used cltheslines t dry clthing denying me the chance ____62____ (discver) ne f the great wnders f sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clthes fr an entire day.
【答案】t discver
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance t d sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discver的不定式，作定语。故填t discver。
2．（2025年全国二卷·语法填空65；1.5分）If yu’ve never experienced the “sunshine scent” frm a sheet r shirt ____65____ (leave) t sun fr a day, well, yu’re missing ut n ne f life’s wnders.
【答案】 left
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：如果你从未体验过在阳光下晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫散发的“阳光的味道”，那么你就错过了生活中的一大奇观。本句已有谓语have experienced，此处应用非谓语动词，a sheet r shirt和leave“使处于某种状态”之间是逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填left。
【解题妙招5】非谓语动词作补足语
1．寻找线索
动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词都可充当宾语补足语。
(1)不定式作宾补：allw, ask, beg, cmmand, encurage, expect, frbid, invite, persuade, tell等＋sb t d sth。
(2)have sb/sth ding “让某人/某物一直做”； have sb/sth dne “使某人/某物被……”。
(3)with复合结构
①with＋宾语＋t d，表示动作还未发生；
②with＋宾语＋ding，表示主动、动作正在进行；
③with＋宾语＋dne，表示被动、动作已完成。
2．解题指导
(1)动词不定式作宾语补足语，通常表示一个宾语发出的动作。在一些结构中必须用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
(2)现在分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的发出者，表示一个正在进行的、主动的动作。
(3)过去分词作宾语补足语，宾语是动作的承受者，表示一个完成的、被动的动作。
1.（2025年天津高考一卷）15．The schl has decided t build an AI lab and the teachers wuld like t see the cnstructin prject ________（carry）ut in the next schl year.
【答案】carried
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：学校已决定建造一个人工智能实验室，老师们希望看到这个建设项目在下一个学年得以实施。“see+宾语+宾语补足语”是固定结构，cnstructin prject与carry ut之间是被动关系，即项目“被实施”，强调被动和完成的意义，应用过去分词carried ut作宾语补足语。故填carried。
2.（2026·河南省实验中学高三模拟二）The prgram was launched t invite participants
(explre) the essence f beauty and Eastern philsphical utlks shwn in art.
【答案】t explre
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目旨在邀请参与者探索艺术中展现的美之本质与东方哲学观。invite sb. t d sth.是固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，此空应是动词不定式形式t explre，作宾语补足语。故填t explre。
【解题妙招6】非谓语动词作宾语
1．寻找线索
动词不定式和动名词都可以充当宾语。牢记非谓语动词作宾语的固定结构：
(1)介词(如by, fr, f, with, withut, after等)之后加动名词作宾语，注意t的身份识别。
(2)只能跟动名词作宾语的动词和短语：advise, admit, allw, avid, appreciate, ban, delay, deny; be accustmed t, be devted t, lead t, bject t等。
(3)在下列动词之后，常接不定式作宾语：decide, demand, ffer, hpe, prmise, agree, plan, manage, refuse, wish, pretend, learn, want等。
2．解题指导
(1)仔细观察挖空的句子。
(2)找出(句子的)谓语动词。
(3)确定填动名词还是动词不定式。
1.（2025年全国高考一卷·语法填空65，1.5分）“We hpe ____65____ (present)the rather abstract G game and AI in a visual cntext, and initiate dialgues with minimalist art, cnceptual art and expressinism.”
【答案】 t present
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hpe，此处为非谓语动词，hpe t d sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填t present。
2.（2025年1月浙江首考·语法填空，65,1.5分） I knw that desn’t always mean _____65_____ (return) a dress n the Mnday after a special weekend,” she says.
【答案】 returning
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。根据句意，表示“意味着……”，用固定搭配mean ding sth.，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填returning。
【解题妙招7】非谓语动词作主语
1．寻找线索
主语是谓语陈述的对象，通常位于句首。动名词(ding)和动词不定式(t d)都可以充当主语。
2．解题指导
(1)句中缺少主语，找到句子的谓语部分，确定应用ding还是t d作主语。
(2)表示抽象的、习惯性的或经常性的动作用ding，表具体某一次的动作用t d。
(3)掌握用动名词或不定式作主语的句型：
①It's ＋adj.(hard/difficult/easy/pssible/kind等)(＋fr/f sb)＋t d sth
②It's n use/n gd/n fun/a pleasure/n pleasure/a waste f time ding sth
③It takes sb＋sme time/mney＋t d sth
（2026·江苏省苏州八校高三联考）Reinterpreting traditin thrugh mdern art, integrating classical ideas int current sciety, and (turn) cultural wisdm int practical slutins are key t keeping these traditins alive and relevant.
【答案】turning
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过现代艺术重新诠释传统，将古典理念融入当代社会，将文化智慧转化为实际解决方案，这些是让这些传统得以延续并保持其相关性的关键所在。此处作句子的主语，用动名词形式。故填turning。
【解题妙招8】非谓语动词作表语
1．寻找线索
非谓语动词作表语包括现在分词、过去分词和动词不定式三种。空格通常在系动词 be, becme, get, seem, appear, lk, turn等之后，描述主语的特点或状态。
2．解题指导
(1)主语是表示人的名词或代词，通常用过去分词作表语，表示主语的心情和感受。
(2)主语是表示事物的名词或代词，通常用现在分词作表语，表示事物的特点。
(3)动词不定式作表语通常表示未发生的动作。
(2022•新高考全国卷Ⅰ改编)The GPNP's main gal is _________ (imprve) cnnectivity between separate ppulatins and hmes f giant pandas, and eventually achieve a desired level f ppulatin in the wild.
【答案】t imprve
【解析】考查非谓语动词。表示“目标”的词汇，如aim、gal、target等作主语时，通常用动词不定式作表语。
【解题妙招9】提示词为动词—考查转换为名词或形容词
动词变为名词
动词变形容词
1.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Many supermarkets are n lnger ding “buy ne get ne free” prmtins because f the 60 (criticize) that they lead t waste. Cnsumers prefer mney ff individual items.
【答案】criticism
【解析】考查名词。句意：许多超市不再进行“买一送一”的促销活动，因为有人批评这种活动会造成浪费。根据“that they lead t waste”可知，此处应用名词criticism表示“批评”作宾语。故填criticism。
2.（2024·新高考I卷）These sepals pen n warm days t give the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cld weather, the structure stays 59 (clse) t prtect the plants.
【答案】clsed
【解析】考查形容词。句意：然后在寒冷的天气里，这个结构保持关闭，以保护亚热带植物。空处用于stays之后作表语，应用形容词clsed，表示“紧闭的”，符合题意。故填clsed。
【解题妙招10】提示词为名词—考查名词复数、所有格和词形转换
解题思路
提示词为名词，要根据空格的位置确定转换为名词的复数、形容词、动词或名词的所有格。
(1)提示词为可数名词单数，如分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，应考虑填名词的复数。
(2)提示词为名词，其后为名词(短语)，则需要改变词性，通常变为形容词。
(3)提示词为名词，作谓语，应把名词转换为动词。
必备知识
名词考查转化为形容词或动词的后缀
1.（2025年1月·浙江卷）As peple nw chse t wear mre clthes fewer 57 (time), clthing rental services have becme increasingly ppular.
【答案】times
【解析】考查名词。句意：由于人们现在选择少穿的衣服更多了，服装租赁服务越来越受欢迎。time表示“次数”时是可数名词，fewer修饰可数名词复数形式。故填times。
2．（2025年全国一卷·语法填空56；1.5分）Yu try t lead the ppnent int yur trap and frce them t fllw yur ‘____56____ (guide)’ till they lse,” explains Wang Wei, a G player amng the visitrs t the exhibitin.
【答案】guidance
【解析】考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作fllw的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。
3. （2025年全国二卷·语法填空63；1.5分）The sun-dried clthes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks t the absence f smg and plenty f blue sky ____64____ (afternn) with lts f fresh air.
【答案】afternns
【解析】考查名词的数。句意：我住的地方，晒干的衣服闻起来特别香，这要归功于没有烟雾，而且下午有很多蓝天和新鲜空气。afternn“下午”是可数名词，此处指不止一个下午，应用复数形式afternns。故填afternns。
4.（2025年1月·浙江首考·语法填空64，1.5分）“I really want t make this wrk fr ____64____ (peple) lives tday.
【答案】peple’s
【解析】考查名词所有格。句意：我真的想让这个(服装租赁服务)适合如今人们的生活，我知道这并不总是意味着在一个特别的周末后的周一归还礼服。提示词修饰名词lives，需用名词所有格peple’s，作定语。故填peple’s。
【解题妙招11】提示词为形容词、副词—考查形容词、副词比较等级及词形转换
提示词是形容词、副词的解题思路
考查形容词或副词的比较级和最高级的转化以及形容词与副词的互相转化。
1．寻找线索
(1)通常设置在名词之前、动词之后，或句首、句尾。
(2)形容词变副词规律
①以­e结尾的形容词，一般不去e，直接加­ly：immediate→immediately, brave →bravely, plite →plitely, wise →wisely。
②一些以­e结尾的形容词，去e加­(l)y：true → truly, simple → simply, gentle → gently, pssible → pssibly。
③“辅音字母＋­y”结尾，变y为i，再加­ly：happy → happily, easy → easily。
④以­ic结尾的形容词，加­ally：ecnmic → ecnmically, basic → basically。
2．解题指导
(1)形容词、副词的词性转化
①分析句子结构，发现提示词是形容词且需要改变词性时，应考虑用派生的副词或名词；
②若空处作定语、表语，应考虑填形容词形式；
③若空处修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，应考虑填副词形式；
④若空处在介词后，应考虑用名词作宾语。
(2)形容词、副词添加词缀变反义词。根据句意和前后逻辑关系，确定表示否定意义时，添加否定前缀(un­， im­， dis­等)或否定后缀(­less)变为反义词。
(3)利用标志词或隐含信息把形容词、副词转化为比较级、最高级。
1．（2025年全国二卷·语法填空57；1.5分）I was brn and raised in Cleveland, Ohi in the United States. Yet nw, I live in the cuntryside f Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, where bamb and tea bushes (灌木) grw wild in the muntains, chickens are always free-range, and ____57____ (center) heating desn’t exist.
【答案】central
【解析】central考查形容词词形转换。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空修饰名词heating，应用形容词central“中央的，中心的”，作定语。故填central。
2．（2025年全国一卷·语法填空65；1.5分）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement f the pieces, and the energy flw fllwing each mve inspired artists t create il paintings, sculptures, ____65____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints fr the exhibitin.
【答案】digitally
【解析】考查副词词形转换。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。
3. （2025高考北京卷·语法填空，14题，1.5分） Maybe this mrning yu debated whether t get up r stay in bed slightly ____14____ (lng).
【答案】lnger
【解析】考查比较级。句意：也许今天早上你还在纠结是起床还是多睡一会儿。此处表示“多睡一会儿”，应用比较级lnger，表示“更久”。故填lnger。
【解题妙招12】提示词为代词—考查代词宾格、物主代词或反身代词
提示词为代词，应考虑以下几种情况：
1.若分析句子结构发现提示词作主语，则应考虑人称代词的主格形式；
2.若分析句子结构发现提示词作宾语，则应考虑人称代词的宾格形式；
3.若分析句子结构发现提示词作定语，则应考虑形容词性物主代词；
4.若分析句子结构发现提示词作动词或介词的宾语，且和主语是同一人时，则应考虑反身代词。
1.（2024·全国甲卷）This area, with (it) unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved fr all peple f the natin t enjy - as a natinal park.
【答案】its
【解析】考查代词。句意：这个地区拥有独特的、令人惊叹的自然美景，必须作为国家公园保护好，为了所有国家的人都能享受。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its，故填its。
2.（2020·新高考卷）As well as lking at exhibits, visitrs can play with cmputer simulatins (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in histry r walking thrugh a rainfrest.
【答案】themselves
【解析】考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitrs，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
【解题妙招13】提示词为基数词—考查其序数词或其他形式
1.基数词和序数词的相互转换
①一般来说，序数词是由相应的基数词词尾加th构成。
②十位整数序数词的构成方法是将y变为i，再加e t h。
③两位或两位以上的基数词变成序数词时，仅将个位数变成序数词。
此外，常考的基数词、序数词一般会在100以内，具体见下表。
ne—first tw—secnd three—third fur—furth five—fifth six—sixth seven—seventh eight—eighth nine—ninth ten—tenth eleven—eleventh twelve—twelfth thirteen—thirteenth furteen—furteenth fifteen—fifteenth sixteen—sixteenth seventeen—seventeenth eighteen—eighteenth nineteen—nineteenth twenty—twentieth thirty—thirtieth frty—frtieth fifty—fiftieth sixty—sixtieth seventy—seventieth eighty—eightieth ninety—ninetieth
2.与数词相关的表达法
①分数是由基数词作分子，序数词作分母构成的。除了分子是＂1＂的情况外，序数词都要用复数。
②表示某人的大约年龄，即“几十多岁”时，使用基数词的复数形式。“in sb.'s＋整十的基数词的复数”意为“在某人几十多岁时”。如：in his fifties。
③当hundred, thusand, millin, billin前面有基数词时，用单数形式，词尾不加-s；前面有many, several, a few修饰时，仍用单数形式。如：several billin years。
④“数词＋普通名词＋形容词”构成的合成形容词中，数词和普通名词都要用单数形式。
（2023·全国甲卷）Fables were part f the ral traditin f many early cultures, and the well-knwn Aesp’s fables date t the 62 (six) century, B. C.
【答案】sixth
【解析】考查数词。句意：寓言是许多古代文化口述传统的一部分，而著名的伊索寓言可以追溯到公元前6世纪。century“世纪”前面要用序数词形式。故填sixth。
【解题妙招14】考查定语从句的关系词
1．确定是定语从句
设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句。当确定为定语从句后，首先要看看先行词指人、物、时间、地点，还是其他，然后再根据先行词在句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。
2．掌握三步法解题技巧
(1)分清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。
①先行词的后面出现逗号，是非限制性定语从句。
②that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
③which引导非限制性定语从句，可以代表主句的全部或部分内容；代表整个主句时，which意为“这一点”。
④as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句中或句首，意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是be seen, be knwn, be reprted, be mentined, be said, be ften the case等。
(2)寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表示时间，地点，还是原因)。
①先行词指人：that/wh/whm/whse；
②先行词指物：that/which/whse；
③表示时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。
(3)判断定语从句所缺成分，确定关系词。
①缺少主语：that/which/wh；
②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/wh/whm；
③缺少定语：whse；
④缺少时间、地点或原因状语时分别用when、where、why。
1．that与which的区别
(1)只用which不用that的情况：
①当关系代词前面有介词或介词短语时；
②引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)只用that不用which的情况：
①当先行词是all、everything、nthing、smething、few、little、much等不定代词时；
②当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the very、the nly、any、the last等修饰时；
③先行词既有人又有物时。
2．which与as
1．（2025年全国一卷·语法填空56；1.5分）An exhibitin at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwrk inspired by G, r weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ riginated in China mre than 4,000 years ag.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为G, r weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2．（2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空56；1.5分）Chinese cultural elements cmmemrating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is knwn as “the Shakespeare f Asia,” add an internatinal character t Stratfrd-upn-Avn, William Shakespeare’s hmetwn.
【答案】wh
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词wh引导。故填wh。
3.（2025年全国高考二卷·语法填空56；1.5分）I was brn and raised in Cleveland, Ohi in the United States. Yet nw, I live in the cuntryside f Zhejiang, China with my Chinese husband and his family, ____56____ bamb and tea bushes (灌木) grw wild in the muntains, chickens are always free-range, and central heating desn’t exist.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而现在，我和我的中国丈夫和他的家人住在中国浙江的农村，在那里山上野生竹子和茶树丛生，鸡总是自由放养的，而且没有集中供暖。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the cuntryside f Zhejiang，China，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【解题妙招15】考查名词性从句的连接词
1．确定是名词性从句
空处无提示词，先确定主句的主谓结构，再确定空处和空后的内容在主句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
2．利用两个技巧搞定名词性从句
Tip1：分析句子成分
(1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、wh、whm、which、whatever等。
(2)从句中缺少状语(结合句意判断)，用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、hw (表方式)、why (表原因)等。
(3)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。
(4)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。
Tip2：结合句意和引导词的本义解题
有些引导词在句中有很鲜明的意义，如whether/if (是否)、whever (无论谁)、whatever (无论什么)、because (因为)、why (为什么)等。结合句意和语境，不难解决这类试题。
3．牢记what和that的区别
(1)that没有词义，且在从句中不作任何成分。
(2)what在从句中表示 “……的(东西)” (有时候可以不译)，在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
1．（2025年天津一卷）12．________he managed t finish the marathn inspired his classmates t push their limits in sprts.
【答案】That
【解析】考查主语从句连接词。句意：他成功跑完马拉松这件事，激励了同学们在体育运动中挑战自己的极限。此处That无意义，只起连接作用。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，从句“____he managed t finish the Marathn”成分完整，不缺成分，应用只起连接作用、无实义的that来引导。故填That。
3. （2025年天津二卷）10．Knwing _________ yur weakness lies is ne f the first and mst challenging steps in learning t manage yurself.
【答案】where
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：知道你的弱点在哪里是学习自我管理的第一步也是最具挑战性的步骤之一。“yur weakness lies”是宾语从句，表示“你的弱点在哪里”，用连接副词where引导宾语从句，在从句中作地点状语。故填where。
3. （2025高考北京卷）The truth, thugh, is ____13____ culd be guessed — there’s never anyne else here. Just me, Nick, and the quiet frest.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：不过，真相正如所料 —— 这里从来没有其他人。“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what引导，what在从句中作主语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。
【解题妙招16】考查状语从句的连词
1．确定是状语从句
空处所在的句子作整个句子的状语时，应用状语从句的引导词。
2．状语从句的特殊考点要记牢
(1)连词befre的意义及句型
It will be＋一段时间＋befre ...“多久以后才……”；It wn't be＋一段时间＋befre ...“用不了多久就……”。
(2)连词since的意义及句型
It is ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句＝It has been ＋一段时间＋since引导的时间状语从句。
该固定句型意为“自从……以来，已经多长时间了”。
(3)whether ...，疑问词＋-ever，引导让步状语从句。
(4)where引导地点状语从句。
1． the days went by, the villagers gradually frgt the terrible fld that had destryed their hmes years ag.
【答案】As
【解析】考查时间状语从句。句意：随着日子一天天过去，村民们逐渐忘记了多年前摧毁他们家园的可怕洪水。“the days went by”描述时间的流逝，句首用“As”引导时间状语从句，可表示“随着”，符合语境。故填As。
2．The yung athlete didn’t stp training hard he achieved his gal f winning the gld medal in the natinal cmpetitin.
【答案】until/till
【解析】考查连词。句意：这位年轻的运动员一直刻苦训练，直到在全国比赛中实现了赢得金牌的目标才停止。根据“didn’t stp training hard”与“achieved his gal”的逻辑关系可知，此处是nt... until/ till...，意为“直到……才……”，此处需填入连词until/ till，连接主句和时间状语从句，表动作持续的终点。故填until/ till。
3． mment they arrived at the scene, they immediately jined their Turkish partners t carry ut a rescue plan and saved the wman.
【答案】The
【解析】考查冠词和时间状语从句。句意：他们一到现场，就立即与土耳其伙伴合作执行救援计划，并成功救出那名女子。固定短语the mment意为“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句，位于句首，单词首字母应大写。故填The。
【解题妙招17】考查并列连词
1．确定填并列连词
无提示词，空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等；而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系，应填并列连词。
2．两个技巧要熟用
技巧1：关系分析法
分析空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。
(1)表示并列或递进关系的有and、bth ...、nt nly (als) ...、neither ...等。
(2)表示选择关系的有r、either ...、nt ...等。
(3)表示转折或对比关系的有but、while等。
(4)表示因果关系的有s、fr等。
技巧2：句型法
(1)祈使句＋and/r＋陈述句，如表示顺承用and，表示转折用r。
(2)when作并列连词的常用句型：
Sb be ding sth when ...
Sb be abut t d sth when ...
Sb had (just) dne sth when ...
Hardly ...
1．（2025年全国高考一卷·语法填空61，1.5分）Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement f the pieces, ____61____ the energy flw fllwing each mve inspired artists t create il paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints fr the exhibitin.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：图说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子战略布局的美感，每一步棋的能量流动，激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网印刷。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement f the pieces, the energy flw fllwing each mve三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
2.（2024年1月浙江卷·语法填空57，1.5分）Either yur shpping is then t heavy t carry hme 57 yu can’t use what yu’ve bught while it’s still fresh.
【答案】r
【解析】考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词r。故填r。
【解题妙招18】考查冠词的用法
判定用冠词的方法
1.注意泛指还是特指
①如果空格后的名词或“形容词＋名词”前没有形容词性物主代词、不定代词、名词所有格或指示代词等限定词时很可能填冠词。
②如果空格及后面的名词在文中第一次出现，可翻译成“一个(本、种等)”，一般填a/an；如果是前文已经提到过，可翻译成“这/那个，这/那些”，一般填the。
③如果名词后有f短语、不定式、分词或从句等作定语时很可能填the。
2.注意固定搭配
例如：in charge f...负责……，in the charge f...由……负责；in frnt f在……前面(外部)，in the frnt f在……前面(内部)；in pssessin f...拥有……，in the pssessin f...为……所有；ut f questin毫无疑问，ut f the questin不可能；by sea乘船，by the sea在海边；at table在吃饭，at the table在桌旁。
1．（2025年全国一卷·语法填空57；1.5分） G is ne f ____57___ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The mvements f the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas f Eastern philsphy, accrding t Tu Ningning, wh is in charge f the exhibitin.
【答案】the
【解析】考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
2. （2025年1月浙江卷·语法填空56，1.5分）The price f fashin — ecnmically and envirnmentally — has led t the rise f ____56____ new way f dressing, and it’s beginning t take ff in Australia, t.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：时尚在经济和环境方面的代价催生了一种新的穿衣方式，这种方式也开始在澳大利亚流行起来。可数名词way在句中表示“一种方式”，泛指，且new发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【解题妙招19】考查介词的用法
介词的判定及对策
高考通常考查介词与动词、形容词或者名词的搭配。学生应该熟练掌握常见介词的基本用法及介词与其他词类的搭配；如果名词或者代词在句子中不作主语、表语或者动词的宾语时,其前面一般是填介词。在学习的过程中应注意对短语的归纳、积累、比较和记忆。
基本介词的用法
据句式和搭配填介词
(1)与动词搭配，如： remind sb f sth“提醒某人某事”；rb sb f sth“抢劫某人某物”。
(2)与名词或代词搭配，如： by accident“偶然”；by neself “靠自己”。
(3)与形容词搭配，如：be curius abut“对……感到好奇”；be prud f “因……而自豪”。
(4)其他搭配，如：nt ...“直到……才……”；frm ...“从……到……”；between ... “在……和……之间”。
1．（2025年全国一卷·语法填空62；1.5分）“A decent winner always tries t beat the ppnent ____62____ n mre than ne r tw pints as a gesture (姿态) f respect fr the ther side. ”
【答案】by
【解析】考查介词。句意：一个得体的胜者总是试图以不超过一两目的优势击败对手，以此表达对对方的尊重。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。
2.（2024年新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空63；1.5分）The Glasshuse stands 63 a great achievement in cntemprary design, t huse the plants f the suthwestern part f China at the end f a path retracing (追溯) the steps alng the Silk Rute which brught the plants frm their native habitat in Asia t cme t define much f the richness f gardening in England.
【答案】as
【解析】考查介词。句意：“玻璃屋”是当代设计的一个伟大成果，容纳了来自中国西南部的植物。建筑位于公园内一条小路的末端，这条小路追溯了丝路沿线，各种植物品种正是沿此线从其亚洲原生地来到英国，并由此定义了英国园艺的丰富性。根据句意可知，空处指的是“作为”，应用介词as。故填as。
【解题妙招20】考查代词的用法
代词用法指导：
1．通过句子成分确定所填代词的形式
如果作主语，则用人称代词的主格；如果作宾语或表语，则用人称代词的宾格；如果作定语，则用形容词性物主代词；如果作宾语、表语或同位语且又和句子的主语为同一人或物，则用反身代词。
2．通过句式结构和“指代”，判断是否用it
如果指代上文提到的同一个事物，则用it；如果指代天气、时间、距离或环境情况则用it；如果作形式主语或形式宾语，则用it；注意一些固定用法：dislike/hate/appreciate/depend n/see t...＋it＋从句。
1. （2025·天津第一次高考）2．Equipped with mdern facilities, tday’s libraries differ greatly frm________ f the past.
【答案】thse
【解析】考查代词。句意：如今的图书馆配备了现代化的设施，与过去的图书馆相比有了很大的不同。此处 thse那些，指代前文的复数名词“libraries”，为特指用thse。故填thse。
2.（2026·吉林省实验中学高三摸底） was put int use in December 2021, helping Las becme a cuntry with easy transprt in Sutheast Asia.
【答案】It
【解析】考查代词。句意：它于2021年12月投入使用，帮助老挝成为东南亚交通便利的国家。分析句子可知，这里指代前面提到的 “the China-Las Railway”，在句子中作主语，所以用代词 “it”。句首单词首字母大写，故填It。
【解题妙招21】有提示词的解题整体策略：
【解题妙招22】无提示词的解题整体策略：
重难题型 提高应用文写作表达能力26招
书面表达能力是高考英语的核心素养之一。英语写作能力是指学生用英语进行书面表达的能力，特别是在真实语境中传递与沟通信息、再现生活经历、表达观点、意图和情感的能力，要在发展语言技能的同时，提高发现问题和解决问题、批判和创新的能力。
书面表达的核心是：学生能够写出自然、流畅和高水平的句子来表达自己的情感和态度，记述事情的经过，阐述自己的观点，清晰说明事物的特点或某种现象。所以提高学生的词句写作能力是提高学生写作能力的根本。
后高考时代，英语应用文的明显特点：核心：描述形象（问题）+提出合理建议（解决问题）；书信格式是外壳，是容器。关键是考查学生的思辨能力。
学生应用文写作存在的问题：1.描述现象干瘪乏味；2.给出的建议，言辞无力，底气不足。
解决方案：
一、打开思维、发挥想象、增加细节---让句子表达丰富多彩
【解题妙招1】增加定语从句
例1 我知道我们的校报正在为明年12月举行的科技节收集英文口号，所以我写信是为了推荐我的口号。（增加定语从句，补充详细而具体的内容）
Knwing that ur schl newspaper is cllecting English slgans fr the Science&Technlgy Festival t be held in December, I’m writing t recmmend mine, which I believe can fully reveal the theme.
例2 任何人都可以在2月25日前在304房间注册。所以不要错过最后期限！（增加定语从句让简单句变高级句型，让内容丰富，尽显英语功底）
Anyne wh is interested in it can sign up in Rm 304 befre Feb. 25. S dn’t miss the deadline!
例3 此外，世界名人的故事也很吸引我。（增加定语从句使表达更丰富）
Besides, the stries f wrld-famus peple are als attractive t me, which help me learn a lt frm them.
例4 你最好在课前充分准备，简要了解唐代历史。（增加定语从句使表达更圆满）
Yu'd better make full preparatins befre class and have a brief understanding f the histry f Tang Dynasty, which helps yu learn mre abut traditinal Chinese culture.
【解题妙招2】增加介词短语作定语
例1 我只是把它们放在脸盆里。（增加介词短语作定语让表达更具体，尽显高中英语语言功底）
I just put them in the basin full f water.
例2 她是个女孩。（增加介词短语作定语让表达更具体，尽显高中英语语言功底）
She is a girl with a pair f black eyes and lvely dimples n her rund face.
【解题妙招3】增加具体的形容词作定语
王老师是个好老师。（增加形容词作定语让表达更具体）
Mr. Wang is a kind, patient and knwledgeable teacher.
【解题妙招4】综合使用定语（体会一下句子的表达是不是内容更具体，更丰富，更好了啊）
例1 Mr. Wang is a gd teacher.→Mr. Wang is a kind, patient and knwledgeable teacher wh knws hw t enlighten us students.
例2 I rde t Park yesterday→I, tgether with Tm and Jerry, rde t Zhngshan Park yesterday, feeling rather
【解题妙招5】增加动词-ing形式作状语
例句1：欢迎参加并对影片提出意见。
What's mre, every ne f yu will be welcme t participate in it, enjying mvie, having a heated discussin afterwards and giving yur wn cmments.
例句2：我想和你分享毕业典礼活动细节。
Knwing yu're interested in ur cming graduatin activity, I wuld like t share the details with yu.
【解题妙招6】增加with复合结构作状语
例句：表达希望
With the Chinese Culture Cmmunicating Event appraching, I d hpe yu can have a better knwledge f Chinese tea.
【解题妙招7】增加目的状语
例句1：我们学校今天在表演中心举行了一场音乐会。
In rder t enrich the life f teachers and students as well as welcme the cming f Spring Festival, ur schl held a cncert in the perfrmance center tday.
例句2：想试一试的请速报名。
Whever wants t have a try, please sign up quickly s that yu dn't miss the chance f being the winner.
【解题妙招8】增加结果状语
例句1：我们可以在当地的护理社区度过周末，提供帮助，比如做一些清洁工作，或者和他们聊天。
We can spend weekends in the lcal nursing cmmunity, ffering help like ding sme cleaning, r chatting with them s that they wn’t feel lnely.
例句2：将安排一系列与环保相关的讲座。
A series f lectures related t envirnmental prtectin will be arranged, thus arusing peple's awareness f living a lw-carbn life.
【解题妙招9】增加原因状语
例句：我从小就梦想当一名老师。
I have dreamed f being a teacher since I was a child, because I think teaching is a sacred prfessin.
【解题妙招10】增加方式状语 by ding ...
例句：但是，我们许多人都忽略了良好生活习惯的重要性。
Hwever, many f us ignre the imprtance f gd living habits by eating junk fd and staying up late.
【解题妙招11】通过列举具体的实例来补充说明
1．such as ...
例句：其次，带一个小礼物是个好主意。
Secnd, it is a gd idea t bring a small gift, such as a bunch f flwers r a bx f chclate if they have yung children.
2．fr example/instance
例句：如今，我们中的一些人在校园里已经养成了一些坏习惯。
Nwadays, sme f us have frmed sme bad habits n campus.Fr instance, sme students leave the lights n in the daytime; sme leave much fd n the table after eating.
3. well as ...
例句：这项活动一定会帮助我们反思高中三年的学校生活。
The activity will surely help us reflect n the three years' senir high schl life as well as lk frward t a better jurney in the future.
【解题妙招12】增加个人感受、评价、希望等
1．增加个人感受
例句：虽然这个暑假我觉得很累，但我为我所做的事情感到很高兴。
Althugh I was very tired this summer hliday，I felt very happy fr what I did because I gt a knwledge f farming experience.
2．增加评价
例句：我想这样的活动是必要的且有意义的。
I think such activities are necessary and meaningful, frm which I learn that we shuld help peple wh are in truble if pssible.
3．增加希望
例句：我坚信这是我一生中最难忘的午餐。
I hld the firm belief that it was the mst unfrgettable lunch in my life, because it made me enjy the pleasure f labr.
4．增加倡议
例句：我从这次经历中学到爱护和保护我们的社区是我们的责任。
What I learnt frm this experience is that it is ur duty t lve and prtect ur cmmunity.S the Chairman f ur schl suggests ur schl hld a series f activities t call n students t take actin t d it.
二、学会运用高级词汇--让句子表达有深度和高度
【解题妙招1】使用具体化单词，让表达更生动形象
所谓词义具体化原则，是指写作中尽量避免使用意义宽泛、笼统的表达，而要根据语境使用具体生动的词。
S gd d they lk that I think yu culd be interested in them.
→S attractive and alive d they lk that I think yu culd be interested in them.
【解题妙招2】高级词汇优先
为了表现自己的语言功底，吸引阅卷老师的眼球，尽量用高年级阶段学到的高级词汇代替低年级阶段学到的词汇。
Eventually, I want t knw which aspects f traditinal Chinese culture aruse yur curisity mst.
→Eventually, I am strngly eager t knw which aspects f traditinal Chinese culture aruse yur curisity mst.(2021·全国甲作文)
【解题妙招3】短语优先原则
用短语代替不仅会使文章增加亮点，而且如果关键时刻思维短路，用短语凑词数也是一个很好的选择。
1．形容词变短语的方法：f＋同根名词
Furthermre, guzheng is very significant t Chinese flk music leading yu t a fantastic wrld f music.
→Furthermre, guzheng is f great significance t Chinese flk music leading yu t a fantastic wrld f music.
2．动词变短语的方法：同义短语替换
knw/realize→be aware f
help sb→give sb a hand/d sb a favur
use→make (gd/full) use f/take advantage f
understand→figure ut/make sense f
If anyne helps yu, yu shuld express yur sincere gratitude t him r her.
→If anyne gives yu a hand, yu shuld express yur sincere gratitude t him r her.
三、学会运用高级句式--让句子表达语出惊人
【解题妙招1】运用介词短语
In the Spring Festival f 2024, many peple chse t spend the Spring Festival in cities where they wrked instead f returning t their hmetwns t reduce the pressure f the traffic.(介词短语作状语)
在2024年的春节上，许多人选择在他们工作的城市度过春节，而不是回到家乡，以减少交通压力。
【解题妙招2】运用动词不定式短语
On arrival at the nursing hme, my classmates and I visited the elderly in grups and gave presents t them t shw ur respect and lve fr them. (动词不定式短语作目的状语)
一到养老院，我就和同学们一起去看望老人，并给他们送礼物，以表达我们对他们的尊重和爱。
Such an activity can prvide us students with a chance t take part in scial activities and help thse in need.(动词不定式短语作定语)
这样的活动可以为我们的学生提供一个机会来参加社会活动，并帮助那些有需要的人。
【解题妙招3】运用分词短语
Yuth cvers a wide variety f tpics t attract senir students, leading us int the uter wrld.(动词-ing短语作状语)
《青春》题材广泛，吸引高年级学生，带领我们走进外面的世界。
On arriving at the farm lcated in the suburb f ur city, the sea f vegetables came int ur sight, which included cucumbers, tmates and s n.(过去分词短语作定语)
一到位于我们城郊的农场，蔬菜的海洋就映入我们的眼帘，有黄瓜、西红柿等。
【解题妙招4】并列关系常用句型或词语
既……又……，nt (als)...不但……而且……，既不……也不……，when...这时……，and和，as well as和；又
①（2024·陕西省渭南市高三上学期教学质量检测一模）It nt nly taught me hw t care fr peple in need, but let me experience the pleasure f helping thers.
它不仅教会了我如何照顾有需要的人，而且也让我体验到帮助别人的乐趣。
②[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷，写作]I sincerely hpe that Yuth can make new prgress and that mre readers will share their wn stries.
我衷心希望《青年报》再创辉煌，让更多的读者分享自己的故事。
③As far as I knw, it is neither t ht nr t cld in winter in Shanghai.
据我所知，上海的冬天既不太热也不太冷。
【解题妙招5】选择关系常用句型或词语
或者……或者……，不是……而是……，r或者，therwise 否则
①If yu're interested in it, yu may either send an email t 12345@ sina.cm r sign up in persn.
如果你对它感兴趣，可以发邮件到12345@ sina.cm或者亲自报名。
②In my pinin, the sn refuses t cmmunicate with his parents nt because he has n time but because he is unwilling t.
在我看来，儿子拒绝与父母沟通不是因为他没有时间，而是因为他不愿意。
【解题妙招6】转折关系常用词语
but但是，hwever 然而，while 然而
①[2021·全国乙卷]I knew my lines, but I was terrified t have t recite them in frnt f an audience.
我知道我的台词，但我很害怕要在观众面前背诵。
②My friend Jhn takes a psitive attitude twards life while his sister desn't.
我的朋友约翰对生活采取积极的态度，而他的妹妹却不是。
【解题妙招7】因果关系常用词语
fr因为，s 因此，therefre 因此
[2020·浙江卷7月]I'm wndering whether yu have recvered frm yur sickness. Therefre, I am writing t yu t shw my cncern fr yur health.
我想知道你病好了没有。 因此，我写信给你是为了表达我对你健康的关心。
【解题妙招8】as和which引导的非限制性定语从句
定语从句有多种形式，引导词也有若干，但最容易掌握、最常运用的是as和which引导的非限制性定语从句。
(1)表达“正如……”这一含义时，我们常用as引导的非限制性定语从句，它常放在主句之前，有时也可放在主句之中或主句之后。常见的句式有：
·As we all knw is knwn t all ...
众所周知……
·As the famus saying ges ...
正如名言所说……
As we all knw, ur friends lend us a helping hand when we need help and they help us get thrugh difficult situatins.
众所周知，在我们需要帮助的时候，我们的朋友会伸出援手，并且他们会帮助我们渡过困境。
(2)which引导的非限制性定语从句
which在引导非限制性定语从句时，可以指代某个单词，也可以代指整个主句，在从句中可以作主语或宾语。
T intrduce traditinal Chinese culture, ur schl will hld a theme class meeting, which will be exhibited n the English website.
为了介绍中国传统文化，我们学校将举办一场主题班会，并在英语网站上展示。
【解题妙招9】what和that引导的名词性从句
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。其中what、 that所引导的名词性从句是写作中常见的高级表达方式。what在名词性从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语，而that在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用。
I sincerely hpe that Yuth can make new prgress and that mre readers will participate in the interactin and share their wn stries.
我真心希望《青春》能有新的进步，更多的读者参与互动，并分享自己的故事。
What yu tld me abut yur cuntry bradened my hrizns and inspired my interest in freign culture.(主语从句)
你告诉我的关于你的国家的事情开阔了我的视野，并激发了我对外国文化的兴趣。
【解题妙招10】强调句
强调句的使用是为了突出强调句子的某一部分，它是一种比较容易掌握的高级表达方式。其构成：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/wh＋句子其他部分。
(2022·全国乙卷)Frm my perspective, whatever methd we chse, it is ur inner interest and enthusiasm that allw us t make brilliant prgress in English.(强调句)
从我的角度来看，无论我们选择什么方法，是我们内在的兴趣和热情让我们在英语上取得辉煌的进步。
【解题妙招11】倒装句
在写作中倒装句应用比较广泛，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和完全倒装。常见的有：
(1)“nly＋状语”置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
(2021·全国乙卷)In cnclusin, nly by being smart nline learners can we truly enjy the benefits f mdern technlgy.
总之，只有成为明智的在线学习者，我们才能真正地享受现代技术的好处。
(2)nne、 neither、 nr、 nt、 never、 hardly、 little、 seldm等否定词，以及由n或者nt构成的否定短语，如nt nly als ...、 at n time、 by n means等置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。
Thrugh this activity, nt nly can we demnstrate ur life skills, but als we can appreciate the life frm a new angle.
通过这项活动，我们不仅可以展示我们的生活技能，而且我们还可以从一个新的角度来欣赏生活。
During the walk, nt nly did we breathe the fresh air but als appreciated the fantastic surrunding views.
在散步的过程中，我们不仅呼吸了新鲜空气，而且欣赏了周围的美景。
(3)在s/such ...结构中，当s/such ...位于句首时，其后的句子用部分倒装。
In the Frest Park, s attractive was the landscape that all ur stress was relieved.
在森林公园里，风景如此迷人，我们的压力都减轻了。
重难题型 读后续写关键6招
一、研读文本
【解题妙招1】精读文本,掌握关键信息
根据记叙文六要素:5W1H,什么人(Wh)什么时间(When)在什么地方(Where)因为什么(Why)做了什么事情(What),最后有了什么发展(Hw)等, 精读短文,明确故事人物关系,理清故事主要事件,并找到该篇短文的写作线索理清情节脉络,把握情感变化,领会主旨要义。继而顺藤摸瓜,连环设问,步步为营,合乎逻辑地预测后续情节发展,直至勾画出清晰的整体脉络。
【解题妙招2】理清记叙文的3大线索
即时间线、情节线和情感线。阅读文本时要抓住这三条主线。必要时可以列出这些线索，以更好地理解文章，为续写做好准备。只有对原文的脉络线索和段落结构有正确和深刻的理解，续写的内容才能和原文衔接紧密，情境融洽度高。
【解题妙招3】确定文章主题和故事的发展方向
这一点至关重要。只有把握了文章的主旨意图，才能很好地完成续写。确保续写的内容和原文要有逻辑上的一致性，并能回应原文的信息。
【解题妙招4】分析文章的用词特点和行文风格
考生要仔细阅读给定的上文，在充分理解文章内容的基础上，认真体会上文的用词特点和行文风格，只有这样才能使续写的内容在语言色彩上和行文风格上与所给文章保持高度一致。
二、构思续写思路
【解题妙招1】四句话语定框架
Step 1:续写大方向+段首句→正能量的结局
Step 2: 续写第一段首句+第二段首句→第一段的框架
Step 3:续写第一段的最后一句→衔接第一段和第二段
Step 4: 续写第二段的首句+正能量结局→第二段的框架
【解题妙招2】构思情节三注意
① 续写中情节的设计要符合人物形象的刻画和主题的凸显。好的故事情节和语篇框架是读后续写得高分的第一要素。
②续写中的情节设计必须依据情节发展和常识。在给定的框架内,可按“所见、所闻、所想、所做、所感”等给每段写5至8个句子。读后续写的情节需要和原文逻辑融洽,帮助原文作者“圆”全文,并且让人感到自然。
③续写中的情节设计要尽可能简洁。一般就是续写一个到两个解决方案的组合。如:别人的安慰让我镇定下来,然后耐心等待,不一会儿救援人物出现,脱险结束。核心情节共三句,中间是感情的变化。
【温馨提示】读后续写的其他技巧，参考高频考点速查速记
【易错点梳理1】最易写错的词形转换词汇73例
1.anxiety n. 担心,忧虑—anxius adj. 不安的—anxiusly adv. 不安地
2.apply v. 申请;请求；运用—applicatin n. 请求;申请书；运用—applicant n. 申请人
3.argue v. 争辩;争吵—argument n. 争论;争辩【去掉e】
4.analyse/ze v. 分析—analysis n. 分析
5.anger n. 生气,愤怒—angry adj. 生气的—angrily adv. 生气地,愤怒地
6.accuracy n. 准确;准确性;精确度—— accurate adj. 准确的
7. admit v. 承认;准许进入——admissin n. 承认;准许加入
8. admire v. 钦佩——admirable adj. 令人钦佩的——admiratin n. 钦佩
9.act n. 行动;行为v. 行动;扮演actin n. 行为;行动;活动active adj. 积极的;主动的actively adv. 积极地activity n. 活动actr n. 男演员actress n. 女演员
10.athlete n. 运动员—athletic adj. 健壮的;体育的
11. able adj. 有能力的;能干的——ability n. 才能;能力
12. acquire v. 获得,学到 acquisitin ——n. 获得;习得
13.advise v. 劝告；建议—advisable adj. 可取的；明智的；适当的
14. benefit v. (使)受益 n. 利益;好处—beneficial adj. 有益的;有利的
15.bleed v. 出血,流血—bld n. 血,血液
16.behave v. 表现—behaviur n. 行为,举止
17.change v. 改变,变化—changeable adj. 易变的,变化无常的
18.cmpare v. 比较;比喻,比作—cmparable adj. 可比较的—cmparative adj. 相比的,比较而言的—cmparisn n. 比较
19.cmpete v. 竞争;比赛—cmpetitin n. 竞争;竞赛—cmpetitive adj. 竞争性的;有竞争力的—cmpetitr n. 比赛者;竞争者
20. cmplain v. 抱怨—cmplaint n. 抱怨;不满,投诉
21.cnsider v. 考虑;认为—cnsiderate adj. 体贴的;考虑周到的—cnsideratin n. 考虑;体谅
22. cruel adj. 残忍的—cruelly adv. 残忍地—cruelty n. 残忍
23. curius adj. 好奇的—curiusly adv. 好奇地—curisity n. 好奇心
24.challenge n. 挑战；比赛邀请；质疑 v. 对…怀疑；挑战 ---challenging adj. 艰巨的；有挑战性的
25.create v. 引起；创造；创作——creative a. 创新的; 有创造力的——creativity n. 创造；创作——creatin n. 创造；创作
26. cautin n. 谨慎—cautius adj. 小心的;谨慎的—cautiusly adv. 谨慎地
27.depart→departure离开；出发
28.day n. 日，白天——daily a. 每日的; 日常的 ad. 每天；天天 n. 日报
29. dead adj. 死的 adv. 完全地;非常—deadly adj. 致命的 adv. 极度地,非常—death n. 死,死亡—
die v. 死亡dying adj. 垂死的;临终的
30.describe v. 描写,叙述—descriptin n. 描述,描写
31.electric adj. 电的;电力的;导电的;带电的—electrical adj. 电的;与电有关的—electricity n. 电;电学;电流—electrnic adj. 电子的;电子学的;关于电子的
32.energetic adj. 精力旺盛的;充满活力的—energetically adv. 精力充沛地—energy n. 精力;能量
33.enjy v. 享受;喜欢—enjyable adj. 愉快的,快乐的—enjyment n. 享受;欢乐
34.enthusiastic adj. 热心的,热情的—enthusiastically adv. 热情地—enthusiasm n. 热情；热心
35. explain v. 解释,说明—explanatin n. 解释,说明
36. expse v.使暴露;揭露—expsed adj. 无遮蔽的;易受攻击的—expsure n. 暴露;揭发
37. face n. 脸,面子v. 面对—facial adj. 面部的
38. fail v. 失败—failure n. 失败
39. furnished adj. 有家具的—furniture n. 家具
40.height n. 高;高度;高地—high adj. 高的—highly adv. 很,非常
41.injure v. 损害;伤害—injury n. 伤害;损害;损坏—injured adj. 受伤的
42.intend v. 想要,打算—intentin n. 意图;目的—intended adj. 意欲达到的；为……打算（或设计）的
43.knwledge n. 知识---knwledgeable adj. 博学的，知识渊博的；有见识的
44. laugh v. 笑—laughter n. 笑, 笑声
45.length n. 段;节;长度 —lng adj. 长的;长时间的 adv. 长久地;始终
46. library n.图书馆—librarian n.图书管理员
47.marriage n.结婚;婚姻;婚礼—marry v. 结婚;嫁;娶
48. memrial n.纪念物;纪念碑—memry n. 记忆;记忆力;纪念;回忆
49.muntain n. 山—muntainus adj.多山的;巨大的;山一般的
50.necessary adj. 必要的—necessarily adv. 必然地;必要地—necessity n. 必要性
51.plitical adj. 政治的—plitician n. 政治家—plitics n. 政治;政治学
52. pssibility n. 可能(性);可能的事—pssible adj. 可能的—pssibly adv. 可能,也许
53.prefer v. 宁愿;更喜欢—preference n. 偏爱;优先选择—preferred adj. 首选的;有优先权的
54.pride n. 自豪;骄傲—prud adj. 自豪的;骄傲的—prudly adv. 骄傲地;自豪地
55.reality n. 现实—realise/ze v. 实现;认识到
56. rely v. 依靠—reliable adj. 可信赖的
57. respnsibility n. 责任;职责—respnsible adj. 负责的
58.recgnize vt. 认出；识别；承认—recgnitin n. 认识，识别；承认
59.space n. 空间——spacius adj. 宽敞的；广阔的
60.science n. 科学—scientific adj. 科学的—scientist n. 科学家
61. shrt adj. 短的;不足的—shrtage n. 不足,缺乏—shrten v. 变短,缩短
62. similar adj. 相似的—similarly adv. 同样地;相似地—similarity n. 相似性
63. simple adj. 简单的—simply adv. 简单地—simplify v. 简化
64. succeed v. 成功—success n. 成功;成功的人或事—successful adj. 成功的—successfully adv. 成功地
65.survival n. 幸存;生存—survive v. 幸存;比……活得长—survivr n. 幸存者
66.tend v. 倾向,趋于—tendency n. 趋向,趋势
67. thery n. 理论;学说;看法;意见—theretical adj. 理论上的
68.thrill n. 激动;刺激v. (使)激动—thriller n. 惊险小说—thrilling adj. 令人激动的
69.true adj. 真的;真实的—truly adv. 真正地;真实地;诚恳地—truth n. 信任,信赖
70. urge v. 催促—urgent adj. 急迫的
71. value n. 价值—valuable adj. 宝贵的;有价值的—valueless adj. 没有价值的; 不值钱的
72. vary n. 不同;变化—variety n. 多样性;变化—varius adj. 不同的,各种各样的
73. weigh v. 称……的重量—weight n. 重量;体重
【易错点梳理2】最易写错的不规则动词
写出下面表格中不规则动词的过去式、过去分词和现在分词
【易错点梳理3】易写错的规则动词变形
写出下面表格中动词的过去式、过去分词和现在分词
【易错点梳理4】易理解错的熟词生义
2025年高考真题熟词生义40例
1.cell 【生义】电池 【熟义】n.细胞, 小牢房, 小房间
（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）Hydrgen fuel cells are a lighter chice than batteries fr trucks, but making green hydrgen is expensive.
2.keep【生义】保存【熟义】v.保持, 继续
（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）Liquid ammnia is easy t keep and transprt, but it is hard t ignite (点燃) and requires an engine redesign.
3.breakdwn【生义】(对庞杂信息的)分类，分析【熟义】故障; 垮掉
（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）“Here's the breakdwn f the emissins in 2018 fr different mdes f transprt.”
4.green【生义】环保的【熟义】绿色的
（2025·全国一卷·阅读A）“The fuels fr transprt need t be nt just green, cheap and pwerful, but als lightweight and safe enugh t be carried arund.”
5.piece 【生义】文章,作品 【熟义】n.块, 碎片, 部件, 一件, 一块, 项
（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）Fr the next tw assignments, a persnal narrative unit fllwed by a creative writing wrkshp, I nly required that the piece meet the specificatins f its genre (体裁) and that it cntain a thesis.
6.tuch【生义】使感到 【熟义】v.碰，（使）接触
（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）The students tk n diverse tpics and turned in stries, 10 t 20 pages each, with characters that bradened my view and tuched my heart.
7.staggering【生义】令人吃惊的，惊人的【熟义】摇晃的; 蹒跚的
（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）“The results were staggering. The students tk n diverse tpics and turned in stries, 10 t 20 pages each, with characters that bradened my view and tuched my heart.”
8.strike【生义】给(某人以……)印象; 让(某人)觉得【熟义】打击; 罢工; 撞击
（2025·全国一卷·阅读B）“They culd have written pages n the necessity f cmputers, but writing, in and f itself, simply didn't strike them as imprtant.”
9.accunt【生义】考虑; 解释【熟义】账户; 账目; 描述
（2025·全国一卷·阅读C）“We invest a lt in rads that help us rush thrugh, but we fail t accunt fr the true csts.”
10.trap【生义】收集，吸收【熟义】v.使陷入困境, 设陷阱捕捉, 卡/夹/绊住
（2025·全国一卷·阅读D）Crucially, this prcess relies n the water cntaining enugh calcium carbnate (碳酸钙) t trap the plastics.
11.senir【生义】高年级/毕业班学生；大四的学生 【熟义】adj.级别/地位高的，资深的, (比赛)成人的，高水平的
（2025·全国一卷·阅读7选5）Janna Wright, a senir plitical science majr, lves cffee and ges t the cafe at least six days a week.
12.spare【生义】使免遭(麻烦、痛苦等); 免去【熟义】抽出; 匀出; 备用的
（2025·全国一卷·完形填空）“Each exchange prvided a chance t spare the landfill and t please anther persn I might nt therwise have encuntered.”“每一次交流都为保护垃圾填埋场提供了机会，也让我有机会去取悦另一个我可能不会遇到的人。”
13.cut【生义】削减; 降低【熟义】切; 割; 砍
（2025·全国一卷·完形填空）“I tk a picture f the vase and psted it nline, fr $10. A cuple f messages came in, ne wanting additinal phts, anther asking fr a price cut.”“我拍了这张花瓶的照片，然后在网上发了上去，收费10美元。有几条信息来了，一条想要更多的照片，另一条要求降价。”
14.reveal【生义】(在此处用的被动语态)被展现; 被显露，强调在比赛过程中自然而然地展现出个性【熟义】揭露; 透露(常指主动地将不为人知的事情公开)
（2025·全国一卷·语法填空）“The players' persnalities are revealed during the game, and ne's weaknesses are expsed t the ppnent.”
15.shape【生义】影响、决定…的发展(动词，抽象意义上的“塑造”)【熟义】形状(名词); 塑造、使成形(动词，侧重物理形态)
（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Each has a persnality shaped by the gds and services prduced and traded fr centuries.
16.skirt【生义】沿…边缘走; 绕过(动词)【熟义】裙子(名词)
（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Skirting the twn square, yu'll find lvely shps, eateries, and the Black and White Huse Museum.
17.line【生义】沿……排列; 排成一行[熟义]线条; 线路
（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Butcher shps, greengrcers, bakeries, and cheese shps line the twn square.
18.brder【生义】v.毗邻, 环绕【熟义】n.边界（地区）, 边疆
（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）Brdering the square, the Ludlw Castle is a “must explre” medieval strnghld.
19.ship【生义】vt.& vi.运送; vt.把…装上船 注意过去式shipped【熟义】n.船,（舰船上的）全体船员
（2025·全国二卷·阅读A）The shape creates a perfect market where gds culd be shipped and received using the river as a highway.
20. fld【生义】v. 大量涌来；大量涌去【熟义】n. 洪水；水灾 v. 淹没
（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）But the ppsite happened: She was flded, shipping ut 1,200 rders in June f 2020 alne.
但结果却截然相反：她忙得不可开交，仅2020年6月就发出了1200份订单。
21. translate 【生义】v. （使）改变形式；转化【熟义】v. 翻译
（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）This prductivity als translates int the wrkplace fr adults.这种生产力同样适用于成年人的职场。
22. leave【生义】n. 假期；休假【熟义】v. 离开（某地）；辞去（工作、职务等）
（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）Our study shwed that there was a 30% decrease in sick leave fr peple wh were in plant-rich wrkplaces.我们的研究表明，在植物丰富的办公环境中工作的人，病假减少了30%。
23. practice【生义】v. （医生、律师等）执业，从业【熟义】v. 练习 n. 练习
（2025·全国二卷·阅读C）Dctrs practice medicine and lawyers practice law and yu shuld allw yurself the practice it takes t sustain a plant.
医生行医，律师执业，而你也应该给自己时间去练习如何养护植物。
24.tailr【生义】v. 专门制作（或改制）；定做 【熟义】n. （定做男装的）裁缝 v. 定做（衣服）
（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）Each dish was tailr-made t raise awareness regarding fd waste.每道菜都是为提高人们对食物浪费的认识而量身定制的。
25.address【生义】v. 处理；关注 【熟义】v. （在信件、包裹等上）写收信人姓名地址；致辞；演讲 n. 住址；寄送地址
（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways t address prblems f sustainability, and that yu can make an amazing meal ut f almst anything.
尽管如此，它提醒我们，解决可持续性问题的方法有很多，你几乎可以用任何东西做出美味佳肴。
26.determine【生义】v.准确算出 【熟义】v.决定, 敲定，安排, 下决心
（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）A study by the Fd Waste Alliance determined that the average restaurant generates 33 punds f fd waste fr every $1,000 in revenue (收入), and f that waste nly 15.7% is dnated r recycled. 食品浪费联盟的一项研究精确表明，每1000美元的收入，平均餐馆会产生33磅的食物浪费（收入），其中只有15.7%的垃圾被捐赠或回收。
27.review【生义】n.评论 【熟义】n.回顾, 检阅
（2025·全国二卷·阅读D）Thugh wastED received enthusiastic reviews, it was designed frm the start as a shrt-lived experiment; 尽管《Waste ED》获得了热烈的评价，但它从一开始就被设计成一个短暂的实验；
28.maintain【生义】v. 维持；保持【熟义】v. 维护；养护；保养；坚持；断言；主张
（2025·全国二卷·阅读7选5）Washingtn University fund that adults 55 and lder wh vlunteered had better memry and maintained verall health lnger than thers their age.
华盛顿大学发现，55岁及以上从事志愿工作的成年人比同龄人记忆力更好，整体健康状况维持得更久。
28.wrk ut【生义】锻炼 【熟义】计算出；解决
（2025·全国二卷·完形填空）Ms Dnhue began t wrk ut and fllw a healthy lifestyle, befre discvering a passin fr weightlifting.多诺霍女士开始锻炼和遵循健康的生活方式，然后才发现自己对举重运动的热情。
29.raise【生义】v. 抚养 【熟义】v.提升，举起, 站立, 增加，提高, 筹集
（2025·全国二卷·语法填空）I was brn and raised in Cleveland, Ohi in the United States. 我出生并成长在美国俄亥俄州的克利夫兰。
30.spare 【生义】v. 使免遭；使免受；免除【熟义】v. 抽出，拿出（时间、金钱等） adj. 备用的；额外的；空闲的；空余的
（2025·全国二卷·读后续写）This apprach spared me the discmfrt f having t ver-explain.这种方法让我避免了过度解释的尴尬。
31.physical【生义】physical adj.物质的 【熟义】adj.身体的, 物理学的, n.体格检查
（2025·1月浙江·阅读A）N renewals (续借) are allwed fr physical items brrwed thrugh ILL.通过ILL借阅的实体物品不得续借。
32.cnsume【生义】v. 吃喝【熟义】v.消耗, 消费
（2025·1月浙江·阅读B） the kids themselves decide what and hw much they want t cnsume — even if that means ccasinally eating mre ckies than carrts.孩子自己决定他们想要吃什么和吃多少——即使这意味着偶尔吃更多的饼干而不是胡萝卜。
33.discurage【生义】v.阻拦, 拟制【熟义】v. 使灰心
（2025·1月浙江·阅读C） frming a cperative ecsystem that cnserves water and discurages weeds.
形成一个节约用水和抑制杂草的协作生态系统。
34. planet【生义】n.地球【熟义】n.行星
（2025·1月浙江·阅读C）The benefits are substantial fr bth gardener and planet.这对园丁和地球都有很大的好处。
35.plt【生义】n.一块土地【熟义】n.阴谋, 情节; v.图谋, 计划, 设计情节
（2025·1月浙江·阅读D）Cmpared t traditinal garden plts, they increase carbn absrptin, reduce strmwater runff and bst habitat and bidiversity significantly.Cmpared t traditinal garden plts, they increase carbn absrptin, reduce strmwater runff and bst habitat and bidiversity significantly.与传统菜园相比，它们增加了碳吸收，减少了雨水径流，并显著促进了栖息地和生物多样性。
36.map 【生义】n.地图【熟义】vt.[遗传学]比对，遗传
（2025·1月浙江·阅读D）These qualities, in turn, are mapped nt prducts that have been assigned a gender.
37.tailr【生义】v.调整【熟义】 n.裁缝
（2025·1月浙江·阅读7选5）Yur audience will naturally be mre interested and engaged when yu tailr yur cmmunicatins t their interests. 当你根据他们的兴趣调整你的沟通方式时，你的听众自然会更感兴趣和投入。
38. develp【生义】v.培养【熟义】 v.成长，发展, 出现, 开发
（2025·1月浙江·阅读7选5）Allw them t lead discussins and meetings t develp their cmmunicatin skills.让他们主导讨论和会议，以培养沟通能力。
39.pair【生义】v.使配对【熟义】n.一双, 一对（两个…）
curse【生义】n.一道菜【熟义】n.课程，讲座, 进程
（2025·1月浙江·完形填空）Other times she pairs dinner curses with her favrite beers.其他时候，她会用自己喜欢的啤酒搭配晚餐。
40.head【生义】v.朝着【熟义】n.头,顶部, 校长, 领导人
headed t weddings abrad, with a lnger-term rental perid.那些去国外参加婚礼的人，租期更长。
2024年高考真题熟词生义35例
1. address【熟义】n.地址【生义】v.处理；应对
(2024新课标II卷阅读D篇)This absrbing new bk by Catrina Campbell is a practical radmap addressing the challenges psed by the frthcming AI revlutin (变革).
2. call【熟义】v.打电话【生义】n.请求；呼吁
(2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) We wanted t d smething where we d a call t artists in the Bay Area t submit stries fr a cntest.
3. chief熟义：最重要的；首要的；主要的【生义】首席的
(2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) …says Alicia Trst, the chief cmmunicatins fficer fr the San Francisc Bay Area Rapid Transit
4. clsely【熟义】adv.紧密地，密切地【生义】adv.仔细地
(2024全国甲卷完形填空)She wuld sit quietly at the far end f the lng dinner table, listening clsely.
5. cnditin【熟义】n.状况【生义】n. 疾病
(2024新课标I卷阅读B篇) Leigh Tindale’s dg Charlie had a serius heart cnditin.
6. cver【熟义】v.覆盖【生义】①v.报道②v.涉及，处理③v.走完(一段路程)
①(2024新课标I卷听力) Jnsn began writing abut sprts as a secnd year student at the University f Clrad, cvering high schl vlleyball games fr his hmetwn newspaper.
②(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) And are listening t and viewing cntent as effective as reading the written wrd when cvering the same material?
③(2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) Hwever, mst prduce at the stre went thrugh weeks f travel and cvered hundreds f miles befre reaching the table.
7. draw【熟义】v.画【生义】v.吸引
(2024新课标II卷七选五) G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu.
8. enter【熟义】v.进入【生义】v.报名参加
(2024新课标I卷完形填空) I gt a gd bike and rde a lt. I dreamed f entering cycle races until I flew t San Dieg t visit my sister.
9. favr【熟义】n.帮助；恩惠【生义】v.偏袒，特别照顾
(2024全国甲卷完形填空) Like in typical families, where bys were favred much mre than girls, my grandma had t stay at hme t d husewrk.
10. favrite【熟义】adj.最喜爱的【生义】n.最喜欢的东西
(2024新课标I卷语法填空) These plants included mdern Western favrites such as rsemary, lavender and fennel.
11. gegraphy【熟义】n.地理【生义】n.布局
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) With paper, there is a literal laying n f hands, alng with the visual gegraphy f distinct pages.
12. greens【熟义】adj.绿色的【生义】n.绿叶菜
(2024新课标卷II阅读C篇) The innvative design requires little effrt t achieve a reliable weekly supply f fresh greens.
13. intrduce【熟义】v.介绍【生义】v.使初次了解/尝试
(2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) This infrmative walk led by Richard Smyth intrduces yu t the basic principles f phtgraphy in the wild.
14. leaf 熟义：叶，叶子；纸页，书页 【生义】翻页
(2024新课标I卷阅读七选五)I can leaf thrugh with my fingers
15. riginal【熟义】adj.最初的 【生义】adj.原创的
(2024新课标II卷阅读B篇) Sme are classic shrt stries, and sme are new riginal wrks.
16. pse【熟义】n.姿势【生义】v.提出
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.
17. piece【熟义】n.碎片【生义】n.文章，报道
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Hwever, psychlgists have demnstrated that when adults read news stries, they remember mre f the cntent than if they listen t r view identical pieces.
18. pint【熟义】v.指向【生义】n.观点
(2024新课标II卷阅读D篇) Campbell’s pint is t wake up thse respnsible fr AI — the technlgy cmpanies and wrld leaders — s they are n the same page as all the experts currently develping it.
19. pwer【熟义】n.力量【生义】v.驱动
(2024新课标II卷阅读D篇) In the wrng hands, such a bk culd prve as cmplicated t prcess as the cmputer cde (代码) that pwers AI ...
20. prmise【熟义】v.承诺【生义】v.有……的希望；有……的可能
(2024新课标II卷阅读A篇) With envirnmentalist Eanna Lamhna as the guide, this walk prmises t be an infrmative tur.
21. print【熟义】n.印刷 【生义】n.印刷品；出版物
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The benefits f print reading particularly shine thrugh when experimenters mve frm psing simple tasks — like identifying the main idea in a reading passage — t nes that require mental abstractin — such as drawing inferences frm a text.
22. prperty【熟义】n.资产【生义】n.性质，特性
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related t paper’s physical prperties.
23. rle【熟义】n.角色 【生义】n.作用
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Digital texts, audi and vide all have educatinal rles, especially when prviding resurces nt available in print.
24. rll【熟义】v.滚动【生义】v.行驶
(2024新课标I卷读后续写) Finally, with just tw minutes t spare we rlled int the bus statin.
25. say【熟义】v.说【生义】v.比方说
(2024新课标I卷阅读C篇) Audi (音频) and vide can feel mre engaging than text, and s university teachers increasingly turn t these technlgies — say, assigning an nline talk instead f an article by the same persn.
26. sensitive 熟义：敏感的 【生义】易受影响的；需保护的
(2024新课标I卷阅读A篇) …play a vital rle in restring sensitive resurces and prtecting endangered species.
27. skip【熟义】v.跳过【生义】v.避开；不做
(2024新课标II卷七选五) Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur.
28. side【熟义】n.一边【生义】n.一面；方面
(2024新课标II卷七选五) Yu’ll cmpete with fewer turists, save mney, experience a different side f a ppular place.
29. sleep 熟义：睡眠 生义：死，长眠
(2024新课标I卷阅读B篇)…she was prepared t put him t sleep.
30. slwer【熟义】adj.缓慢的【生义】adj.冷清的
(2024新课标II卷七选五)Yu’ll cmpete with fewer turists, save mney, experience a different side f a ppular place, and bst the ecnmy when turism is traditinally slwer.
31. slid【熟义】adj.固体的【生义】adj.可靠的
(2024新课标II卷阅读C篇) While farmer’s markets are a slid chice t reduce the jurney, Babyln Micr-Farm (BMF) shrtens it even mre.
32. tell【熟义】v.告诉；告知【生义】v.辨别，识别
(2024全国甲卷阅读B篇) That’s why mst pet cats are able t tell immediately if their wners were arund any ther cats, which they dn’t usually like.
33. thrw【熟义】v.投；掷；抛【生义】v.把……拉制成坯
(2024全国甲卷阅读A篇) Wheel Thrwing
34. translate【熟义】v.翻译 【生义】v.(使)转变
(2024新课标II卷阅读D篇)... but, thankfully, Campbell has mre than tw decades’ prfessinal experience translating the heady int the understandable.
35. visibility【熟义】n.能见度【生义】n.关注度；知名度
(2024新课标II卷语法填空) Thse cultural elements have increased Stratfrd’s internatinal visibility.
2023年高考真题熟词生义33例
1. structure熟义：结构n 生义：总体安排
[2023年1月浙江首考]Camp Structure : The day is divided int tw thematic sessins per age grup...
探险营总体安排：这一天每个年龄组分为两个专题会议...
2. assign熟义：分派，布置（工作、任务）v 生义：确定（价值、功能等）
[2023年1月浙江首考]The rules that assign meaning lie nt just inside ur heads, but als utside, in sciety, in scial memry, scial cnventins and scial relatins.
确定意义的规则不仅存在于我们的头脑中，也存在于社会之外，存在于社会记忆、社会习俗和社会关系中。
3. run 熟义：跑v 生义：运行
[2023年1月浙江首考]Mst trains perate just nce a day and sme run nly three times a week, s missing yurs can be a disaster.
大多数火车每天只开一趟，有些火车一周只开三趟，所以错过你的火车可能是一场灾难。
4. unfld熟义：打开v 生义：展现，呈现
[2023年1月浙江首考]Read a bk, knit, d a crsswrd puzzle, r simply watch the wrld unfld utside the windw.
一本书，织毛衣，做一个填字游戏，或者只是看看窗外的世界。
5. type n熟义：类型生义：具有某种特征的人
[2023年1月浙江首考]Train trips aren't fr impatient types.火车旅行不适合没有耐心的人。
6. stretch n熟义 v（时间上）延续；（空间上）延伸 生义：一片地域
[2023年1月浙江首考]I fllwed beekeeper Ziyad ver a wide stretch f grassland befre entering a thick jungle.
我跟着养蜂人齐亚德穿过一片广阔的草原，然后进入了一片茂密的丛林。
7. inch熟义：n 英寸v生义：慢慢移动
[2023年1月浙江首考]Sitting n a branch, he inched twards it and blew smke frm his trch int a tiny hle in the hive.
他坐在一根树枝上，慢慢地向蜂箱靠近，用手电筒把烟吹进蜂箱上的一个小洞里。
8. sharp熟义：尖的，锋利的adj. 生义：刺耳的
[2023年1月浙江首考]Suddenly, Ziyad let ut a sharp cry.
突然，齐亚德发出一声刺耳的喊叫。
9. curt n熟义：法院，法庭；球场生义：宫廷，宫殿
[2023年1月浙江首考]In cntrast t the curt life and upper-class culture represented by the Frbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple f Heaven, the hutngs reflect the culture f grassrts Beijingers.
与紫禁城、颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同反映的是北京人的草根文化。
10. stuff 熟义：n 东西，物品v生义：塞，填满
[2023年1月浙江首考]I stuffed a piece f clth int the hle and tk her utside, clsing the dr securely behind me.
我把一块布塞进洞里，把她带了出去，随手把门牢牢地关上。
11. branch n.熟词：树枝，分枝；生义：分部。
[2023全国甲卷] Head Chef David Thmpsn pened this branch in the Metrplitan Htel in 2010.
总厨师大卫•汤普森于2010年在大都会酒店开设了这个分店。
12. credit 熟词：n. 信用，信贷；生义：v.认为是……的功劳。
[2023全国甲卷]She credits these skills t her late grandfather and builder Derek Llyd.
她把这些技能归功于她已故的祖父和建造者德里克•劳埃德。
13. split v. 熟词：分裂；分开；生义：分担，分摊。
[2023全国甲卷]Terri avided lsing the depsit n the huse she rented by splitting the rent with a rmmate.
特里通过和室友分担房子租金避免了她租的房子上的押金。
14. quarter n. 熟词：四分之一；一刻钟，十五分钟；生义：住所，住处
[2023全国甲卷]Putting electric fencing arund chicken huses and ther farm animal quarters is als highly effective at getting grizzlies away.
在养鸡场和其他农场动物住处做电剑网也很有效地使灰熊远离。
15. vice n. 熟词：嗓音，说话声；生义：意见，呼声
[2023全国甲卷]The vice f the bilgists has stpped the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service frm delisting grizzlies.
生物学家的呼声已经阻止了美国鱼和野生动物的伤害灰熊。
16. square n. 熟词：正方形，正方形物；生义：广场
[2023新高考Ⅰ]Cycling is the mst ecnmical, sustainable and fun way t explre the city, with its beautiful canals, parks, squares and cuntless lights.
骑自行车是一种最经济、可持续、最有趣的方式来探索这座城市,它的运河、公园、广场和无数的灯光。
17. strategic adj. 熟词：战略的，策略的；生义：有用的，重要的
[2023新高考Ⅰ] With ver 2,500 bikes stred in ur five rental shps at strategic lcatins, we make sure there is always a bike available fr yu.
在重要地点我们的五家租赁商店里,有超过2500辆自行车，我们确保有一辆自行车可供你使用。
18. trap n. 熟词：陷阱，网，圈套，诡计；生义：困境
[2023新高考Ⅰ] Yu’ll hear these participants’ stries and learn what strategies wrked well fr them, and what traps they encuntered that yu shuld avid.
你会听到这些参与者的故事,学习哪些策略对他们来说很有效,以及他们遇到的你应该避免的困境。
19. capitalize v.熟词：提供资金；生义：利用
[2023新高考Ⅰ] This effect capitalizes n the fact that when peple make errrs, thse errrs aren’t always the same.
这一效应利用了一个事实,即当人们犯错时,这些错误并不总是一样的。
20. draw熟词：画画；生义：吸引，使感兴趣
[2023新高考ⅠI] Discver why artists and phtgraphers cntinue t be drawn t this special place.
发现为什么艺术家和摄影师继续被吸引到这个特殊的地方。
21. leaf 熟义：n. 叶；叶片；叶子生义：vt 匆匆翻阅；浏览
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]As I leafed thrugh the nvel, a piece f paper fell ut.
当我翻阅小说时，一张纸掉了出来。
22. land熟义：n. 陆地；大地生义：落；降落；着陆
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]S, all the way acrss the cuntry, yur sister’s ld bk landed in yur hands.
所以，在全国各地，你姐姐的旧书都落在了你手里。
23. issue 熟义：重要议题；争论的问题生义：一期；期号
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]In every issue, yu will find an interesting mix f interviews and essays n the gd life, histry, philsphy, arts and fashin phtgraphy.
在每一期中，你都会发现关于美好生活、历史、哲学、艺术和时尚摄影的采访和文章的有趣组合
24. cver 熟义: v. 掩蔽；遮盖生义: 包括；包含
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]The 2.5-hur tur cvers the Gyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much mre.
2.5小时的游览包括古耶风车、瘦桥、国立博物馆、喜力啤酒厂等。
25. curse 熟词：课程生义：跑道
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]On Oct. 1l, hundreds f runners cmpeted in a crss-cuntry race in Minnesta. Melanie Bailey shuld have finished the curse earlier than she did.
10月1日，数百名选手在明尼苏达州参加越野赛。Melanie Bailey本应该比她早完成这门课的。
26. irn熟义：n. 铁生义：（用熨斗）熨，烫平
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]It might be the time when yu helped a friend with their hmewrk, when yu did the irning withut being asked.
这可能是你帮助朋友做家庭作业的时候，也可能是你在没有被要求的情况下熨衣服的时候。
27. harvest 熟义：n. 收获季节；收割；收获生义：v. 收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼）
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Turning sil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sund like tugh wrk fr middle and high schl kids.
翻土、拔草、收割卷心菜，对中学生和高中生来说，这听起来像是一项艰巨的工作。
28. prduce 熟义：v. 生产；制造 生义：n. 产品；（尤指）农产品
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Urban Spruts’ classes, at tw middle schls and tw high schls, include hands-n experiments such as sil testing, flwer-and-seed dissectin, tastings f fresh r driedprduce, and wrk in the garden.
在两所初中和两所高中开设的“城市豆芽”课程包括动手实验，如土壤测试、花和种子解剖、品尝新鲜或干燥的农产品，以及在花园里工作。
29. still 熟义：adv. 还；还是；仍然；依旧生义：adj. 静止的；平静的；安静的；寂静的
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]Whether yu paint still lifes, prtraits, r landscapes, paint frm life as much as pssible.
无论你画的是静物画、肖像画还是风景画，都要尽可能地从生活中绘画。
30. crrect 熟义：adj. 准确无误的；精确的；正确的生义v.：改正；纠正；修正
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]I asked my lder sister t crrect my grammar.
我请姐姐纠正我的语法。
31. sht vt 射击生义 n 尝试，努力
[2023新高考Ⅰ&Ⅱ卷]If yu’re willing t apply yurself, I think yu have a gd sht at this.
如果你愿意努力，我认为你有很好的机会做到这一点。
32. walk 熟义：n. 行走；步行；徒步旅行；散步生义：a walk f life行业；职业；地位；阶层
[2023全国乙卷]Tan treated wmen frm all walks f life.
谭治疗过各行各业的女性。
33. back 熟义：n. （人体或动物的）背部，背；腰背生义：v. 支持；证实
[2023全国甲卷]Several studies have backed this up and fund that indr plants can imprve creativity, fcus and memry.
几项研究支持了这一观点，并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。
【易错点梳理5】常考完形填空一词多义23例
【01】accunt
1.I dn't have a bank accunt.
2.She gave the plice a full accunt f the incident.
3.She retired early n accunt f pr health.
4.Cursewrk is taken int accunt as well as exam results.
5.The Japanese market accunts fr 35% f the cmpany's incme.
6.Hw d yu accunt fr the shw's success?
7.We have t accunt fr every penny we spend n business trips.
【01】accunt 1.n账户 2.n描述；叙述；报告 3. n accunt f 由于；因为 4.taken… int accunt 把…考虑在内5. accunt fr（数量上、比例上）占比 6. accunt fr解释；说明7.accunt fr报账
【02】address
1.The letter was crrectly addressed, but delivered t the wrng huse.
2.I was surprised when he addressed me in English.
3.The judge shuld be addressed as ‘Yur Hnur’.
4. He is due t address a cnference n human rights next week.
5. Yur essay des nt address the real issues.
【02】address 1.vt 写地址邮寄给 2.vt 对某人说话 3.vt冠以（某种称呼） 4. vt 对……演讲 5.vt设法解决；处理
【03】apprach
1. Spring is appraching.
2. He didn't apprach the frnt dr at nce.
3. What's the best way f appraching this prblem?
4. My English teacher is easy t apprach.
5. The appraches t the palace were guarded by trps.
6. We will be explring different appraches t gathering infrmatin.
【03】1. vt （时间）临近 2. vt （空间）3. vt处理 4. vt接洽5. n 通道 6. n方法
【04】bear
1.She culdn't bear the thught f lsing him.
2.D parents have t bear the whle cst f tuitin fees?
3.The ice is t thin t bear yur weight.
4.The dcument bre her signature.
5.She had brne him six sns.
6.The eight-year bnd will bear annual interest f 10.5%.
7.Will these effrts bear fruit?
【04】bear 1.承受；忍受2.承担责任3.支撑；承受（重量）4. 带有 (标记或特征)5.生育(孩子) 6.产生 (利息)7.结果实
【05】beynd
1.It's beynd me why she wants t marry Jeff.
2.What lies beynd the muntains?
3.Sme shps keep pen beynd midnight.
4.The fruit is beynd my reach.
5.I knw nthing beynd what he tld me
6.The immediate future is clear, but it's hard t tell what lies beynd.
7.The park is beautiful beynd descriptin.
【05】beynd 1. prep使无法理解2. prep在另一边3.迟于； 晚于4. prep超出 5. prep除了 6. Adv (时空) 更远处 7.难以描述
【06】charge
1.The restaurant charged ￡20 fr dinner.
2.He was charged with murder.
3.He charged int my rm and demanded t knw what was ging n.
4.Befre use, the battery must be charged.
5.They charge the calls t their credit-card accunt.
6.Delivery is free f charge .
7.They decided t drp the charges against the newspaper.
8.They left the au pair in charge f the children fr a week.
9.He tk charge f the farm after his father's death.
【06】charge 1.vt 收费 2.vt 指控；控告 3. charge int 猛冲4.vt 充电 5.vt 把账记在……上 6.free f charge 免费 7.n 指控；控诉 8. in charge f负责 9.take charge f掌控；负责
【07】claim
1.Scientists are claiming a majr breakthrugh in the fight against cancer.
2.A lt f lst prperty is never claimed.
3.The car crash claimed three lives.
4.Yu can claim n yur insurance fr that cat yu left n the train.
5.Yu can make a claim n yur insurance plicy.
【07】claim 1.vt 宣称 声称 断言 2.vt 认领；索取 3. vt（事故、灾难）夺走，夺去（生命）4.vt 索取 索要（保险）5.n尤指向公司、政府等）索款，索赔
【08】curse
1.The cllege runs specialist language curses.
2.He's seen many changes in the curse f his lng life.
3.The lunch was excellent, especially the first curse.
4.He radied the pilt t change curse.
5.The wisest curse wuld be t say nthing.
【08】curse 1.n 课程2. n过程in the curse f在…过程中3.n 一道菜 4.n 航向，航道 5.n 做法
【09】cver
1.He laughed t cver his nervusness.
2.The survey cvers all aspects f the business.
3.$100 shuld cver yur expenses.
4.By sunset we had cvered thirty miles.
5.The reserve cvers an area f sme 1,140 square kilmetres.
6.The BBC will cver all the majr games f the turnament.
7.I'm cvering fr Jane while she's n leave.
8.Are yu fully cvered fr fire and theft?
9.The plice cvered the exits t the building.
【09】cver 1.vt掩盖；掩饰 2.vt 包含 涵盖 3.vt足够支付……费用 4.vt行走（一段路程）5.vt 占地面积 6.vt 报道；采访 7 cver fr顶替，替补8.vt投保险 9.vt用枪瞄准
【10】credit
1.We bught the dishwasher n credit.
2.The bank refused further credit t the cmpany.
3.He's a player wh rarely seems t get the credit he deserves.
4.She is a credit t the schl.
5.It was fantastic seeing my name in the credits.
6.He's nly 30, and he already has fur nvels t his credit.
7.T his credit, Jack never tld anyne exactly what had happened.
8.The educatin department ffered a “free” curse, called Thinking Chess, fr three credits.
9.$50 000 has been credited t yur accunt.
10.The cmpany is credited with inventing the rbt.
【10】credit 1.n赊账 欠账 2.n 贷款 3.n赞扬，认可 4.n 为…赢得荣誉的人或物5.n片头字幕，片尾字幕6.have sth t ne’s credit. 取得…成就 7.t ne’s credit使值得赞扬8.n学分9.vt存入金额 10.be credited with 把…归于
【11】develp
1.Her sn develped asthma when he was tw.
2.I had the film develped yesterday.
3.We need t develp lcal industries.
4.He develped int a strng leader.
5.They develped a slar airplane.
【11】develp1.患（病）2.冲洗（胶片）3.发展4. 成长5. 研制
【12】fail
1.She never fails t email every week.
2.The examiners failed ver half the candidates.
3.The brakes n my bike failed half way dwn the hill.
4.She tried t be brave, but her curage failed her.
5.The rains had failed and the rivers were dry.
6. He was 58, and his health was failing rapidly.
7. I want yu here by tw 'clck withut fail.
8.The whle thing was a cmplete failure.
【12】fail 1.vt 未能做 never fail t d 总是做某事2.vt 使不及格 3.vi （机器；身体部位）失灵 4.vt 有负于；使失望；使无能为力 5.vi 歉收；缺乏 6.vi （视力、健康）衰退；下降 7. withut fail务必；必定 8.n 失败；失败的人/物
【13】feature
1.An interesting feature f the city is the ld market.
2.Her eyes are her mst striking feature.
3.We are delighted t see the Sunday Times running a lng feature n breast cancer.
4.The film features Cary Grant as a prfessr.
5.The prgram will be updated each week and feature highlights frm recent games.
【13】feature 1.n特色；特征；特点 2.n面容的一部分（如鼻、口、眼）3.n（报章、电视等的）特写，专题节目 4.vt 由…主演 5.vt 以…为重点
【14】fix
1.There is n quick fix fr the steel industry.
2. I need a fix f cffee befre I can face the day. n
3. He tried t get a fix n the yung man's mtives, but he just culdn't understand him.
4. Has the date f the next meeting been fixed?
5. Yu have t fix visits up in advance with the museum.
6. Can I fix a drink fr yu?
7. The car wn't start—can yu fix it?
8. She fixes her eyes n a lcal fficial.
【14】fix1. n（尤指简单、暂时的）解决方法2. n一次用量3. n理解；了解4. vt决定，确定（日期、时间、数量等）5. vt安排；组织6. vt 提供，准备（尤指食物）7. vt 修理；校准8.fixe eyes n vt 凝视
【15】hit
1.She hit him n the head with her umbrella.
2.The twn was hit by bmbs again last night.
3.Fllw this ftpath and yu'll eventually hit the rad.
4.It hit me that I had a chice.
5.She hit upn the perfect title fr her new nvel.
6.When his late paintings were shwn at the museum they were a hit.
【15】hit 1.vt 击中 2.vt袭击；命中 3.vt 到达 hit the rad 上路 4.vt 突然想到 5.hit upn突然有个好主意 6.n 轰动一时的人、物
【16】nte
1.She left a nte fr Ben n the kitchen table.
2.See nte 3, n page 259.
3.He sat taking ntes f everything that was said.
4.We nly exchange ntes and traveler's cheques.
5.He played the first few ntes f the tune.
6.Please nte that the ffice will be clsed n Mnday.
7.The lake is nted as a hme t many birds.
【16】nte1.短笺；便条2.注释；按语；批注3.记录，笔记4.纸币5.音调；音符6.注意；留意7.nted著名的
【17】pst
1.I'll send the riginal t yu by pst.
2.He has held the pst fr three years.
3.Is it OK if I pst the cheque t yu next week?
4.A cpy f the letter was psted n the ntice bard.
5.If yu pst infrmatin n the Internet, yu make the infrmatin available t ther peple n the Internet.
【17】pst 1.n邮寄 投递 2.n 职位 岗位 3.vt 邮寄 4.vt 张贴 公布 5.vt 发帖子
【18】serve
1.Breakfast is served between 7 and 10 a.m.
2.Are yu being served?
3.His linguistic ability served him well in his chsen prfessin.
4.The sfa will serve as a bed fr a night r tw.
5.Hw lng have yu served in the army?
【18】serve1.提供；端上2.接待，服务3.对…有用；能满足…的需要4.用作; 充作 5.服役; 任职
【19】slip
1.She slipped ver n the ice and brke her leg.
2.He slipped ut f the huse befre the thers were awake.
3.They'd slipped sme mney t the guards.
4.Dn't let the chance t wrk abrad slip thrugh yur fingers.
5.She knew that time was slipping away.
【19】slip 1.vi 滑倒；摔倒 2.vi 溜走；悄悄走 3.vi悄悄塞；偷偷放 4.vi 错失（机会）5. slip away飞逝；流逝
【20】spt
1.She was wearing a black skirt with white spts.
2.The baby's whle bdy was cvered in small red spts.
3.He shwed me the exact spt t wash the car.
4.He answered the questin n the spt.
5.Yu've just sptted a mistake n the frnt cver.
【20】spt 1. 斑点；点2.污迹；污渍丘疹，疱疹3.地点4.当场5.注意到；发现
【21】strike
1.The tree was struck by lightning .
2.He fell, striking his head n the edge f the table.
3.He struck the table with his fist.
4.The area was struck by an utbreak f COVID-19.
5.It suddenly struck me hw we culd imprve the situatin.
6.She strikes me as a very efficient persn.
7.The unin has vted t strike fr a pay increase f 6%.
8.The clck has just struck three.
9.I was struck by her yuth and enthusiasm.
【21】strike 1.vt 击中；袭击 2.vt 碰撞；撞击 3.vt敲打；击打 4.vt（疾病；灾难）侵袭 5.vt 突然想起 6. vt 给（某人以…）印象7.vi罢工 8.vt报时 9. vt 被某人（或某物）打动10.vt擦火柴
【22】subject
1.It was I wh first raised the subject f plastic surgery.
2.Surprisingly, maths was vted their favurite subject.
3. "White nise" was played int the subject's ears thrugh headphnes.
4.Flights are subject t delay because f the fg.
5.The article is ready t publish, subject t yur apprval.
【22】subject 1.n 话题，主题 2.n 课程 3. n 实验对象 4.be subject t d受…影响的5.be subject t sth取决于
【23】tip
1.Here are useful tips n hw t save mney.
2.He gave the waiter a generus tip.
3.That walking stick has a metal tip.
4.The tip f the fingers are very sensitive.
5.D remember t tip the prter.
6.The bus stpped abruptly, nearly tipping me ut f my seat.
7.The sign n the wall read ‘N tipping.’
【23】tip 1. n告诫；提示2. n小费；赏钱 3. n 末段附件4. n 末段，尖端5. vt给小费6. vt倾倒；倒出7. vi 倒垃圾
【易错点梳理6】2025年高考中的复合词
（2025·全国一卷）
1.breakdwn n. （关系）破裂；（计划等）失败；神经衰弱；故障；分类；分解 合成词break+dwn
2.lightweight adj. 轻量的；轻型的n. 轻量级选手；轻东西 合成词light+weight
3.hydrcarbn n. 碳氢化合物 复合词：hydr（水）+ carbn（碳）
4.mind-blwing adj. 令人兴奋的；令人惊叹的 合成词mind+blwing
5.cwby n. 牛仔；奸商 复合词 cw+by
6.Mdernday adj. 现代的；当代的 复合词 Mdern+day
7.heartbreak n. 心碎；悲痛 复合词heart+break
8.wrkshp n. 车间；工场；研讨会 复合词 wrk+shp
9.yearbk n. 年鉴；年报 year+bk
10.widespread adj. 普遍的；广泛流传的 wide+spread
11.wnership n. 所有权；产权 wner+ship
12.expressway n 高速公路（express + way）
13.upgrade v. 升级；改进n. 升级 up+grade
14.intake n. 摄入量；吸入 in+take
15.milligram n. 毫克（质量单位） milli（千分之一）+gram（克）
16.veruse v 过度使用（ver- + use）
17.micrplastic n. 微塑料 micr+plastic
18.pick-me-up n 提神物品 pick+me+up
19.giveaway n 赠品（give + away）
20.daylight n. 日光；白昼（day+light）
21.landfill n. 垃圾填埋场（land+fill）
22.silkscreen n. 丝网印刷；绢网印花法silk+screen
23.artwrk n.艺术品, 插图 art+wrk
（2025·全国二卷）
1.greengrcer n. 蔬菜水果商 green+grcer
2.strnghld n. 要塞；据点strng+hld
3.schlwrk n.功课, 家庭作业schl+wrk
4.tailr-made特制的, 定做的tailr+made
5.self-cnfidence自信
6.well-being n.健康, 幸福, 保持良好状态
7.weightlifting n.举重weight+lifting
8.well-liked 很受欢迎well+liked
9.wrkut n.锻炼wrk+ut
10.lifestyle n.生活方式life+style
11cuntryside n.乡村
12.free-range 自由放养的free+range
13.sunshine n.阳光，日光, 晴朗，晴天sun+shine
14.clthesline n.晒衣绳clthes+line
15.sun-dried日晒干的sun+dried
（2025年1月·浙江卷）
1.fee-card 费用卡 fee+card
2.well-knwn 众所周知的, 出名的 well+knwn
3.plantsman n.苗圃工作者，花卉栽培者plants+man
4.fur-seasn四季fur+seasn
5.wildlife n.野生生物wild+life
6.dd-lking 怪异dd+lking
7.runff n.决胜投票, 附加赛, 径流run+ff
8.strmwater 暴雨水 strm+water
9.bidiversity n.生物多类状态，生物多样性bi+diversity
10.self-driving 自动驾驶self+driving
11.utdated adj.过时的，旧式的，落伍的，不流行的; v.使过时(utdate的过去式和过去分词)ut+dated
12.high-level 高电平, 高级, 高能级, 高水位high+level
13.three-curse 三道菜three+curse
14.platfrm n.讲台, 平台, 站台, 计算机平台plat+frm
15.secndhand adj.旧的, 用过的, 二手的secnd+hand
16.verstuff v.装填过度，给（软椅、沙发等）加厚软垫ver+stuff
17.wardrbe n.衣橱, 全部服装, 服装部ward+rbe
18.utright adv.完全地, 彻底地, 坦率地，不客气地, 即刻，马上; adj.完全的，彻底的ut+right
19.ne-time 一次性的ne+time
20.special-ccasin 特别的时刻, 特别的场合special+ccasin
21.weekend n.周末; v.过周末week+end
22.landfill n.废渣埋填法, 垃圾填筑地land+fill
压轴预测 01 2026最可能考的10篇应用文
1.问题解决类
（原创题）近日某中学一位高三学生给校长写信，要求拆除学校里的噪鹃鸟窝拆除，以保持学校的安静，助力高三学生学习。假如你是这个学校的校长，请给学生写一封回信，信的内容包括：
1.你做出的决定；2.说明理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；kel n.噪鹊
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文1】
Dear Student,
Thank yu fr yur letter regarding the kel birds' nests n ur campus. I sincerely appreciate yu bringing this cncern t my attentin, and I fully understand yur desire fr a quiet study envirnment during this crucial final year.
After careful cnsideratin, my decisin is nt t remve the nests, but t implement practical measures t reduce the nise disturbance fr ur senir students.
The reasns fr this decisin are threefld. First, the kel is a prtected species, and its presence enriches ur campus ecsystem. Remving their hme cntradicts ur cmmitment t envirnmental educatin. Secnd, frm a practical standpint, simply remving nests is ften ineffective and may cause the birds t relcate and call mre frequently. Instead, we will install temprary sund-absrbing panels n the windws facing the nests and prvide free, high-quality earplugs t any student in the affected classrms. Finally, learning t maintain fcus despite minr distractins is a valuable skill that will benefit yu lng after the exams.
We are cmmitted t supprting yur academic success. Please feel free t share any further suggestins.
Sincerely,
Yur Principal
【参考范文2】
Dear Student,
Thank yu fr yur thughtful letter regarding the kel birds' nests n campus. I truly understand yur cncern abut maintaining a quiet envirnment fr ur senir students during this critical exam preparatin perid. I appreciate yu taking the initiative t vice this fr yur peers.
After careful cnsideratin and cnsultatin, my decisin is nt t remve the nests, but t implement measures t minimize the disturbance t ur study areas.
The reasns are as fllws: Firstly, the kel is a prtected species, and its presence signifies a healthy ecsystem. Our campus shuld be a place where we learn t cexist with nature. Secndly, simply remving nests is nt a permanent slutin and may disrupt the birds' natural behavir. Instead, we will install sundprfing films n windws near the nests and prvide free earplugs fr students in affected classrms. Finally, develping the ability t cncentrate amidst minr distractins is a valuable life skill that will serve yu well beynd the exams.
We are cmmitted t supprting yur studies. Let's wrk tgether t create a harmnius learning envirnment.
Best regards,
Yur Principal
【解析】本题以写信为基本框架，以人与自然和谐相处为思想核心，通过看图认识噪鹃。核心素养是给出恰当的处理方式并说明理由，强调了英语知识的具体运用。本题很有参考价值。
2.传统文化类
（创新题）假定你是李华。你的朋友Alex计划参观中国国家博物馆，他来信请你推荐一件你喜欢的展品。请你给他回复邮件，结合外观、功能等，推荐这盏汉代的雁鱼青铜灯 (Brnze Wild Gse-and-Fish Lamp) 。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Alex,
Glad t hear yu’re visiting the Natinal Museum f China!
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】（本题极具参考价值，它兼顾了课本图片、推荐信、看图写话于一体）
参考范文一
Dear Alex,
Glad t hear yu’re visiting the Natinal Museum f China! My tp recmmendatin is the Han Dynasty Brnze Wild Gse-and-Fish Lamp.
This lamp is designed as a wild gse with a fish in its muth. What’s special is hw it wrks. When the lamp is lit, smke rises thrugh its neck and int its bdy, which is filled with water. There, the smke is purified by the water, greatly reducing indr air pllutin.
I find its design clever and ec-friendly. It truly reflects the wisdm f the ancient Chinese peple. I’m sure yu’ll like it!
Best regards,
Li Hua
参考范文二
Dear Alex,
Glad t hear yu’re visiting the Natinal Museum f China! I’d like t recmmend a remarkable exhibit t yu, which is the Brnze Wild Gse-and-Fish Lamp frm the Han Dynasty.
This lamp is shaped like a graceful wild gse lking back with a fish in its muth. What makes it incredible is its functin. When the il burns, smke travels thrugh the gse’s neck int its water-filled bdy. Then the water captures sme f the lamp’s pllutants, effectively purifying the air.
This lamp is nt just a light surce, but a windw int hw the ancient Chinese cmbined art, science, and envirnmental awareness t create practical masterpieces. Yu’ll find it truly impressive. Enjy yur visit!
Best regards,
Li Hua
参考范文三
Dear Alex,
Glad t hear that yu’re visiting the Natinal Museum f China! Fr an exhibit that I find truly fascinating, I’d recmmend the Brnze Wild Gse-and-Fish Lamp frm the Han Dynasty.
This lamp takes the frm f a wild gse, with its lng neck curved gracefully backward and a fish held in its muth. Beynd its stunning appearance, the lamp’s true brilliance lies in its clever design. When it is lit, the smke prduced is channeled thrugh the gse’s neck int its bdy. The water stred inside absrbs sme emissins, preventing them frm being released int the air. What a remarkable ec-friendly design frm 2, 000 years ag!
This lamp perfectly cmbines artistic beauty with practical functin, reflecting the incredible wisdm f the ancient Chinese. I believe yu’ll be deeply impressed by it!
Best regards,
Li Hua
【解析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给朋友Alex写一封推荐信，推荐中国国家博物馆中的一件展品——汉代的雁鱼青铜灯，并结合其外观和功能进行描述。
3观点、态度类
假定你是李华，你的英国好友Mike发现很多同学借助AI直接生成作文，他对此感到困惑，写信询问你的看法。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
(1) 你的态度；
(2) 你的建议。
注意：
(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Mike,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Mike,
I hpe this email finds yu well. Thank yu fr sharing me with yur wrries abut using AI fr English essays. After careful cnsideratin, here is what I think.
While AI bsts efficiency and language skills, relying t heavily n it risks slwing yur grwth. Fr ne thing, writing isn’t just creating text — it’s a jurney t develp critical thinking, creativity, and self-expressin. Fr anther, letting AI draft essays fr yu takes away chances t prmte yur ability t imprve vcabulary and plish sentences. Therefre, it is strngly recmmended that yu shuld rganize yur ideas first, and then turn t AI fr grammar checks r inspiratin, which enables yu t develp skills while using tech’s benefits. Never frget: AI amplifies yur ptential but can’t replace yur riginality.
Stay curius, and trust yur ptential! Feel free t discuss it further.
Yurs,
Li Hua
4.图表类（图表写作不可忽视）
假如你是校学生会主席李华。校英文报拟增设一个新栏目以满足同学阅读需求。就此，你向全校同学发放了调查问卷。调查结果如下：
请你给校英文报主编Lisa老师写一封邮件，内容包括：
1．调查结果；
2．你的建议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Lisa,
I hpe this email finds yu well.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Lisa,
I hpe this email finds yu well. As fr the new clumn in the Schl English Paper, I’ve cnducted a survey amng the students, and the results are as fllws: 26% f the students prefer t read classics such as nvels and bigraphies, while 17% suggest latest glbal news. 57% express their strng interest in reading abut study and exam skills.
Based n the survey, I believe “Learning Crner” clumn might be an excellent chice, which can present integrated academic tips and share study resurces plus vcabulary-building strategies.
Thank yu fr cnsidering the students’ vices. Please feel free t cntact me if yu need additinal details r cllabratin. I’m lking frward t the new clumn.
Yurs,
Li Hua
5.看图写话类
你校英文报将举行“艺术与心理健康”主题征文活动。请结合下图写一篇短文投稿，内容要点如下:
1. 艺术对心理健康的好处;
2. 发出倡议。
注意:
1. 写作词数应为 80 左右;
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Art Lifts Spirits
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Art Lifts Spirits
As we can see in the picture, drawing an apple with a pencil brings peace and fcus. Art, in fact, is a pwerful helper fr ur mental health.
It lets us express feelings that are hard t put int wrds, calms ur busy minds, and gives us a sense f achievement. When creating art, we frget stress and find inner jy.
Let’s pick up a brush, pen r crayn! Spend 10 minutes a day n simple art—drawing, clring r ddling. It will lift ur spirits and keep ur minds healthy.
6.户外活动类（接触大自然、增强体魄）
假定你是李华，本期你校开展了一些课后社会实践活动，包括参观红色历史纪念地、农业劳动体验、参观工厂和企业、志愿服务等。请你写一篇心得体会向某英文报投稿，内容包括：
（1）你的课后社会实践活动经历； （2）你的收获及感悟。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
参考词汇：社会实践 —— scial practice
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
My After-schl Scial Practice Experience
This semester, ur schl rganized varius after-schl scial practice activities. I tk part in the agricultural labr experience and vlunteered at a lcal nursing hme.
On the farm, I learned t plant vegetables and harvest crps, which made me realize hw hard farmers wrk. At the nursing hme, I chatted with the elderly and helped them clean rms, bringing warmth t bth f us.
These experiences taught me the value f labr and the jy f helping thers. I als understd that scial practice cnnects us with the real wrld, making us mre respnsible and thankful. It was truly a meaningful jurney.
7.选择方案类（体现思辨思想）
假定你是李华，你班正筹备“生活美学”(Life Aesthetics)英文手抄报比赛，外教Sara建议从“beauty frm nature”和“fun f handcrafts”两个主题中择一创作。请你代表班级给Sara写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.你的选择；
2.说明理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sara,
I’m writing t share my chice fr ur “Life Aesthetics” handwritten newspaper.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Sara,
I’m writing t share my chice fr ur “Life Aesthetics” handwritten newspaper. I’d like t chse “fun f handcrafts”. My reasns are as fllws.
First, handcrafts are mre accessible t us students. We can shwcase ur wn creatins — like paper-cutting, kntting, r even handmade bkmarks — which feels mre persnal than simply describing nature scenes. Secnd, the prcess f making things by hand is itself an aesthetic experience. It allws us t appreciate beauty thrugh creatin, nt just bservatin.
This theme may encurage mre classmates t participate actively. What d yu think?
Yurs,
Li Hua
压轴预测 02 2026最可能考5篇读后续写
1.传播中国文化
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
T braden her sn Zhang Ming’s internatinal perspective, Ms. Liu, a Chinese mther, decided t send him t a summer camp at a junir high schl in Britain. They stayed with a hst family. Its wner was Lily, a kind and warm-hearted lcal wman. During the summer camp, Zhang Ming enjyed varius activities every day, making new friends and learning abut British culture.
One afternn, after finishing the summer camp activities, Zhang Ming returned t the hst family. He felt extremely thirsty, with sweat puring dwn his face. He culd hardly catch his breath and began t have a terrible headache. Ms. Liu immediately realized that her sn was suffering frm heatstrke (中暑). She knew she needed t relieve his symptms in n time.
Quickly, Ms. Liu fund a spn frm the kitchen. She asked Zhang Ming t lie n the bed and gently scraped (刮) his back with the spn. Just as she fcused n scraping, Lily passed by their rm.
When she saw Ms. Liu scraping Zhang Ming’s back with a spn, she was greatly shcked. She thught Ms. Liu was abusing her sn and culdn’t help but let ut a cry.
Ms. Liu was disturbed by Lily’s cry and stpped at nce. She explained t Lily patiently that this was a traditinal Chinese treatment called guasha, which was used t treat heatstrke. She tld Lily that guasha culd help prmte bld circulatin (循环) and relieve the discmfrt caused by heatstrke. Althugh Lily listened t Ms. Liu’s explanatin and the misunderstanding was cleared up, she still dubted whether guasha was really effective.
Three days later, the weather was even htter. When Ms. Liu was in the living rm, she saw Lily walking unsteadily, hlding her head. Lily said she felt dizzy and ht, and culd barely breathe. Ms. Liu quickly checked and fund that Lily als had heatstrke. She immediately ffered t treat Lily with guasha.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Lily hesitated fr a mment, and then agreed t give guasha a try. _________________________________________________________________
In the fllwing days, Lily shared her experience with neighbrs. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Lily hesitated fr a mment, and then agreed t give guasha a try. Ms. Liu asked Lily t lie n the sfa and gently scraped her back with a clean spn. During the prcess, Lily felt a slight feeling f warmth spreading ver her back. Half an hur later, when the scraping was dne, Lily sat up slwly. Surprisingly, the dizziness and heat had faded a lt, and she culd breathe smthly again. She was amazed by the effect f guasha, hlding Ms. Liu’s hand and expressing her gratitude repeatedly. She aplgized fr her misunderstanding earlier and admitted that traditinal Chinese medicine is truly magical.
In the fllwing days, Lily shared her experience with neighbrs. She tld them hw guasha, a traditinal Chinese therapy, had cured her heatstrke quickly withut any medicine. Sme neighbrs wh had suffered frm similar summer discmfrt r wrked utdrs were curius and asked Ms. Liu fr help. Under Ms. Liu’s patient guidance, mre and mre lcal peple tried guasha and praised its effectiveness. This small incident nt nly helped Lily get rid f her illness, but als became a wnderful bridge cnnecting Chinese and British cultures.
【解析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了中国母亲刘女士带儿子参加英国夏令营，儿子中暑后，她用中式刮痧为其缓解不适，引发寄宿家庭主人莉莉的误会。后来莉莉也中暑，亲身尝试刮痧并迅速好转，打消疑虑。她向邻里分享体验，让中式刮痧被当地人认可，成为中英文化交流的纽带。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“莉莉犹豫了片刻，然后决定尝试一下刮痧疗法。”可知，第一段可描写莉莉亲身尝试刮痧并迅速好转，打消疑虑。
②由第二段首句内容“在接下来的日子里，莉莉把她的经历分享给了邻居们。”可知，第二段可描写莉莉向邻里分享体验，让中式刮痧被当地人认可，成为中英文化交流的纽带。
2.续写线索：犹豫了片刻——亲身尝试刮痧并迅速好转——打消疑虑——向邻里分享体验——中式刮痧被当地人认可——成为中英文化交流的纽带
2.人和动物和谐相处
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Team captain Gani Catan had never imagined that ne day he wuld perfrm first aid — nt n a teammate, but n a small seagull (海鸥). Yet that was exactly what happened n a sunny afternn in Istanbul.
Gani lved ftball mre than anything. Ever since he was a by, he dreamed f playing in big matches and leading his team t victry. As captain f Istanbul Yurdum Spr, he had already helped his team reach the final f the Istanbul 1st Amateur League Play-Off Final — a game that culd earn them prmtin t a higher divisin. He trained hard every day, running fast, passing accurately, and building strng teamwrk. This match meant everything.
The stadium was full f excited fans. As the match kicked ff, the tw teams played with great intensity, bth fighting fr cntrl. The ball flew back and frth acrss the field, with each side launching fierce attacks. Gani was at the heart f the actin, leading his teammates with energy and determinatin. He made precise passes, prevented the ppnent’s attacks, and even had a few shts n gal.
Hwever, in the 22nd minute, an unexpected incident ccurred. The galkeeper, Muhammet Uyanik, launched the ball away frm his penalty area (罚球区). He kicked it high int the air. Suddenly, just as the ball rse, a seagull flew acrss the field. Unfrtunately, the bird was hit. The bird fell t the grund with a thud (砰的一声), lying mtinless.
All that happened was beynd the players’ expectatin. They stpped at nce. Silence spread acrss the field. Gani was the first t reach the seagull. He culd see that the bird was unrespnsive and seemed t be struggling t breathe. Withut a mment’s hesitatin, he knelt dwn beside the seagull.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Using basic first-aid knwledge he had picked up, Gani decided t take actin.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
The medical staff praised Gani fr his quick thinking and brave actins.
____________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】
Using basic first-aid knwledge he had picked up, Gani decided t take actin. He gently placed his thumb and frefinger n the bird’s chest and began pressing its chest. Fr abut tw minutes, he kept ging, his eyes fixed n the little creature. As he cntinued, he began t see mvement return t the bird’s legs and eyes. Gradually, the seagull started respnding again. The ther players brught water ver, and Gani carefully gave the bird a few sips. Once the seagull seemed a bit strnger, Gani and his teammates carried it carefully t the medical staff.
The medical staff praised Gani fr his quick thinking and brave actins. Althugh the match ultimately ended in defeat fr Istanbul Yurdum Spr, csting them the champinship title, Gani didn’t let the result define the day. “We missed ut n the champinship, but helping save a life is a gd thing,” he said. “This was mre imprtant than the champinship.” He had never expected t save a bird’s life n the ftball field. He realized that smetimes, the mst meaningful mments in life cme frm unexpected places. This experience taught him that cmpassin and kindness are mre valuable than any title.
【解析】本文以“足球场上的意外救援”为线索展开，讲述了足球队长加尼在关键决赛中，遇到一只被足球击中的海鸥，他放弃比赛间隙，运用急救知识救助海鸥，最终虽球队失利，却收获了比冠军更珍贵的成长与感悟的故事。
1. 段落续写
① 由第一段首句“运用他学到的基本急救知识，加尼决定采取行动。”可知，接下来可描写加尼实施急救的具体动作、急救过程中的细节、海鸥的反应变化，以及队友的配合，最后将海鸥交给医护人员。
② 由第二段首句“医护人员赞扬了加尼敏捷的思维和勇敢的行为。”可知，接下来可描写医护人员的评价、球队比赛的最终结果，以及加尼对此次经历的感悟，体现救助生命比冠军更有意义，升华主题。
2. 续写线索
实施急救（按压胸部、喂水）——海鸥逐渐恢复活力——将海鸥交给医护人员——医护人员赞扬加尼——球队决赛失利——加尼感悟（救助生命比冠军更重要）——收获成长与珍贵感悟
3.科技改变生活
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Mae. I’ve always been passinate abut explring and slving prblems — whether fixing a brken ty r figuring ut hw a phne app wrks. This led me t jin ur schl’s Cding (编程) Club. In ur first lessn, Ms. Davis tld us that cding is mre than writing lines f cde. It is abut using technlgy t make life easier fr thers.
“Yur prject,” she annunced in class ne day, “is t create a simple app that slves a real-life prblem.” “Yu have ne week t prepare,” She added gently, hping this wuld give us enugh time t find inspiratin and finish the prject.
The challenge stayed with me as I walked t my neighbr Mrs. Thmpsn’s apartment after schl. She had invited me fr tea, as she ften did n Tuesdays. Mrs. Thmpsn was kind and cheerful, but lately she had been a little frgetful, ften misplacing her keys r repeating the same stry twice withut realizing it. When I arrived, she was in the kitchen.
“Mae! Gd timing,” she greeted me warmly, and then stpped, glancing at the kettle. “Did I already bil water fr tea?”
I checked the kettle — it was still warm. We laughed abut it as I pured water, and sn we were chatting. Our cnversatin turned t her weekly bk club with friends. Mrs. Thmpsn smiled, talking abut her tw ld friends. Mr. Brwn arrived late fr the game, and Mrs. Smith failed t bring her glasses twice. “We’re quite a grup,” she said.
Then her expressin grew thughtful. “We manage, f curse. But smetimes I think wuldn’t it be nice if smething simply reminds us? Take medicine. Water the plants. Friday fr bk club.” She tapped her head with a sft laugh.
Her wrds sank in. At that mment, an idea frmed in my mind. As I std up t leave, I smiled mysteriusly, “Give me a few days, and I’ll bring yu a little surprise.”
“Oh? I’ll try nt t frget that,” she laughed.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That night, I sat at my desk, ntebk pen and mind racing with details.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
A week later, I presented my prject t Ms. Davis.
____________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】
That night, I sat at my desk, ntebk pen and mind racing with details. I decided t design a gentle reminder app especially fr the elderly. I listed simple functins: imprtant dates, daily tasks, and warm ntes. I fcused n making the wrds big and the buttns easy t tuch. Whenever I felt stuck, I thught f Mrs. Thmpsn’s kind smile and her wish fr smething t help her remember. I carefully tested every part again and again, making sure it was simple and helpful. Deep in my heart, I hped this little app culd bring cnvenience and warmth t her and mre elderly peple.
A week later, I presented my prject t Ms. Davis. I intrduced the app’s purpse and shwed hw it wrked. Ms. Davis praised my thughtful idea and spke highly f my prject. After class, I brught the app t Mrs. Thmpsn. She was delighted and tried it at nce. “This is exactly what I need,” she said happily. Watching her smile, I truly understd what Ms. Davis had meant: cding is nt just cde, but a way t use technlgy t care fr thers.
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了主人公Mae加入编程俱乐部，需完成一个解决实际问题的App项目。她从健忘的邻居Mrs. Thmpsn的需求中获得灵感，设计了一款提醒类App，最终展示项目并理解了编程的意义 —— 用科技关爱他人。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，我坐在书桌前，笔记本打开着，思绪在脑海中飞速运转，脑海中浮现着各种细节”可知，第一段可描写作者想专门为老人设计一款“提醒App”，并描写设计过程和决心。
②由第二段首句内容“一周后，我向Davis女士展示了我的项目情况”可知，第二段可描写Davis女士对这款App的认可以及作者向Mrs. Thmpsn演示其使用方式，最后描写作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：明确设计理念，专为老人设计的一款“提醒App”—— 设计过程和决心 ——向Ms. Davis展示项目并获得认可 ——向Mrs. Thmpsn演示App的使用方法 —— 感悟
4.校园温情
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Ms. Rivera had taught math lng enugh t recgnize the lk n a student’s face when numbers stpped meaning anything. It wasn’t bredm exactly. It was a quiet withdrawal, as if the mind had stepped back and clsed a dr. She saw that lk n Jnah in the secnd week f the semester.
Jnah sat near the back, his ntebk crwded nt with ntes, but with dinsaurs. Lng-necked giants marched acrss the blank areas. Sharp-tthed hunters filled the whle pages. When Ms. Rivera explained math prblems, Jnah’s pencil slwed, and then drifted back t drawing scales and claws. On quizzes, he left prblems unfinished, as if he had started a sentence in a language he n lnger trusted himself t speak.
Instead f reminding Jnah, Ms. Rivera began t watch. She nticed hw he stayed after the bell t add shadws t a tail, hw he carefully labeled bnes, and hw his backpack was decrated with a small, wrn dinsaur keychain. A student frzen by numbers, yet cmpletely alive when his wrld had teeth and tails.
One afternn, Ms. Rivera fund Jnah in the empty classrm, erasing and redrawing the same creature. When Jnah saw Ms. Rivera, he stiffened, ready fr a warning. But she nly asked, “Hw many species have yu drawn s far?” Jnah hesitated, and then started cunting sftly. “, thirteen.” She ndded. “And if five f them are meat-eaters and the rest eat plants, hw many plant-eaters d yu have?” He answered withut realizing it and then lked up, surprised.
That evening, a smart idea hit Ms. Rivera fr her next lessn. The next day, instead f a list f exercises, the bard shwed a simple sketch f a grup f dinsaurs and a pile f fd. “If three dinsaurs share nine fish,” she asked, “hw many des each dinsaur get?” A few students laughed, but Jnah didn’t. He leaned frward, cunting with his fingers.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then, fr the first time, Jnah raised his hand.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________
After that class, Ms. Rivera nticed a change in Jnah.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】
Then, fr the first time, Jnah raised his hand. It lingered in the air fr a mment, as if he might still pull it back befre he spke. “Three,” he said, and then, seeing Ms. Rivera wait, he added, “Each dinsaur gets three fish.” His vice was quiet but steady. When she asked hw he knew, he walked t the bard and drew three small circles under each figure, cunting nce, then again. A few students leaned clser; smene whispered, “That makes sense.” Jnah returned t his seat with strange warmth in his chest — he was less surprised that he was right than that the answer had cme withut fear.
After that class, Ms. Rivera nticed a change in Jnah. He began raising his head when prblems were discussed, and his answers grew clearer. His ntebk nw held numbers beside sketches. Mre imprtantly, he n lnger hid frm difficulty. Instead, he chse t face it with patience, trying, adjusting, and trying again. Ms. Rivera understd that true educatin was nt abut frcing knwledge int a clsed mind, but abut building a bridge — by meeting a student where his passin already lived and guiding him frm there. And she had fund that bridge in Jnah’s dinsaurs, turning his lve fr the prehistric int the key that unlcked the wrld f numbers.
【解析】本文以学生Jnah的数学学习为线索展开，讲述了Rivera女士发现学生Jnah对数学感到迷茫退缩，却痴迷于画恐龙；她没有批评Jnah，而是发现他的兴趣点，将数学问题与恐龙结合，巧妙引导Jnah主动思考数学问题；最终Jnah克服对数学的恐惧，主动举手答题，逐渐爱上数学，Rivera女士也领悟到真正的教育是结合学生兴趣、搭建沟通桥梁的道理。
1. 段落续写：
① 由第一段首句内容 “然后，Jnah第一次举起了手”可知，第一段可描写Jnah举手答题时的紧张与坚定，准确说出答案并在黑板上演示解题过程，同学们的反应，以及Jnah答题后内心的温暖与成就感，体现他对数学的恐惧开始消散。
② 由第二段首句内容 “那节课之后，Rivera女士注意到Jnah身上的变化”可知，第二段可描写Jnah的具体转变，不再逃避数学难题，而是耐心尝试；同时点明Rivera女士的感悟。
2. 续写线索：Jnah第一次举手 —— 紧张答题、准确给出答案 —— 黑板演示解题过程 —— 获得同学认可 —— 内心充满温暖与成就感 —— 课后Jnah发生转变——Rivera女士领悟教育真谛
5.邻里关系（关键时刻展现人性的善良）（十分经典）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jane had a deep affectin fr birds. Every mrning, she scattered (抛撒) seeds in her backyard and whispered, “Gd mrning, my little friends!” T her, their sngs sunded like cheerful laughter, and she ften laughed alng with them.
Hwever, her neighbr, Mr. Thmpsn, didn’t share her jy. He was cnstantly annyed by the birds that flew int his yard. “They’re t nisy!” he cmplained. “And they make such a mess in MY yard!” His sharp wrds made Jane feel quite uneasy, yet she refused t give up n her feathered friends. She firmly believed that every small creature deserved care.
One mrning, Jane discvered a small sparrw (麻雀) shaking under the fence. One f its wings lked bent at a painful angle. Filled with wrry, Jane carefully picked it up and named it Pip. She placed him in a small, warm basket in a safe crner right next t the fence.
A week passed. Pip was getting better but still unable t fly. One afternn, while Jane was feeding Pip by the fence, Mr. Thmpsn shuted frm his side, “Yu’re just asking fr truble!” Jane gently lifted Pip in her hands s Mr. Thmpsn culd see him thrugh the gaps in the fence. “Lk, Mr. Thmpsn. Pip’s wing is hurt.” Mr. Thmpsn cast an impatient glance at the tiny creature. Fr a mment, his frwn (皱眉) sftened. “That wing...” he said sftly, almst t himself.
Just then, Jane’s mther called her frm the driveway, saying they were leaving fr a family visit. Jane waved a quick gdbye t Pip and hurried t the car. Hwever, n their way hme, a heavy strm brke ut. Watching the trees shaking in the strng wind, Jane felt very wrried abut Pip, wh was left all alne in the yard. The mment they pulled int the driveway, she dashed tward the backyard, calling Pip’s name. 注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
T her hrrr, the basket was empty.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
At this mment, Mr. Thmpsn appeared with Pip.
____________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】
T her hrrr, the basket was empty. Jane’s heart sank as she frantically searched the yard, her vice trembling with fear as she called Pip’s name. Tears welled up in her eyes as she imagined the wrst, fearing that Pip might have been blwn away by the strm r hurt by the falling branches. She knelt dwn, scanning the grund fr any sign f the little sparrw, her hands shaking as she picked up twigs and leaves.
At this mment, Mr. Thmpsn appeared with Pip. He held the sparrw gently in his hands, his expressin a mix f cncern and embarrassment. “I fund him hiding under my prch,” he said, his vice sfter than usual. “The strm was t strng fr him.” Jane rushed ver, tears f relief streaming dwn her face as she tk Pip back. She lked up at Mr. Thmpsn, her eyes shining with gratitude. “Thank yu.” she whispered, her heart verflwing with jy and newfund respect fr her neighbr.
【解析】本文以Jane与邻居Mr. Thmpsn围绕鸟类的矛盾冲突为线索展开。Jane对鸟类满怀热爱，不仅每日在院子抛撒种子与鸟儿互动，还悉心救助了一只受伤的麻雀Pip。然而，邻居Mr. Thmpsn却对鸟儿极为厌烦，觉得它们吵闹且把院子弄得杂乱不堪。一次，Jane因外出遭遇暴风雨，回家后发现安置Pip的篮子空了，她顿时心急如焚，害怕Pip遭遇不测。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“令她惊恐的是，篮子是空的。”可知，第一段可着重描写Jane发现篮子空了之后，内心极度惊恐，进而在院子里疯狂寻找Pip，脑海中不断浮现各种Pip可能遭遇不幸的可怕场景。
②由第二段首句内容“这时，汤普森先生带着Pip出现了。”可知，第二段可描写汤普森先生讲述找到Pip的过程，Jane对汤普森先生表达感激之情，同时她对汤普森先生的看法也发生了转变。
2. 续写线索： Jane发现篮子空了——内心焦急、流泪寻找——担忧Pip遭遇危险——Mr. Thmpsn带着Pip出现——Mr. Thmpsn说明救助经过——Jane欣慰落泪、道谢——邻里关系缓和
压轴预测 03 2026最可能考10篇阅读理解
1.（科技与保护动物）Cities have adpted different appraches when it cmes t street lighting, but all appraches have priritized bright unifrm street lighting fr safety. Hwever, evidence shws that this artificial lighting can change the behavir f ncturnal (夜行的) wildlife. T address this prblem, Gladsaxe, a suburb f Cpenhagen, intrduced a new lighting apprach by installing red-spectrum (红色光谱) LED street lighting alng a 700-meter stretch f Frederiksbrgvej and the Farum cycle superhighway.
Gladsaxe’s red lighting helps limit the eclgical impact that ften cmes with white light while still preserving visibility fr rad users. As far as a trade-ff arund light pllutin ges, the Gladsaxe prject prvides a ptential mdel fr ther cities.
During the initial installatin in 2022, the lighting design used 30 ne-meter-high bllards (桩) spaced30 meters apart t prject red light that leaves spaces f cmplete darkness between them, which the designers said allw light-shy bats t crss withut expsure while still prviding lighting cntinuity fr the bicycle path. At lcatins where cyclists and pedestrians crss the rad, the prject added 12 ples at 3.5 meters t create a distinct visual envirnment and imprve safety at thse pints.
Partnering design cmpany Light Bureau reprted the installatin met required lighting and unifrmity levels in selected sectins t supprt Danish rad and cycle-path standards, and the prject received a Build Back Better GREEN Award in 2022 fr minimizing negative impacts n bidiversity while prviding safe passage fr rad users. Light Bureau stated it intended t cntinue wrking with bilgists t evaluate whether the red-spectrum apprach achieved its intended eclgical utcmes, indicating pst-installatin mnitring and assessment wuld infrm future installatins r adjustments.
The prject is nw being viewed as a ptential mdel fr ther cities wrldwide dealing with light pllutin and its effects n wildlife, while demnstrating hw urban design can be adapted t meet bth human safety needs and envirnmental gals.
1．What is the purpse f the Gladsaxe prject?
A．T reduce energy cnsumptin.B．T make the streets mre pleasing.
C．T imprve visibility fr residents.D．T minimize disturbance t wildlife.
2．What can be learnt abut the bllards and the ples?
A．They are intended t ensure the safety f installers.
B．They balance the needs f animals and path users.
C．They serve as special decratins alng the rute.
D．They are f similar heights and evenly spaced.
3．What can we say abut the prject based n Light Bureau’s reprt?
A．It’s received recgnitin.B．It’s pstpned intended utcmes.
C．It’s secured partnerships.D．It’s stpped light pllutin wrldwide.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．White Light, Bright Night.B．Light Pllutin in the City.
C．Red Light, Safe Night.D．Lighting fr the Wildlife.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了哥本哈根郊区Gladsaxe通过安装红色光谱LED路灯来减少对野生动物的干扰，同时确保道路使用者的安全，为其他城市提供了潜在的模式。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Hwever, evidence shws that this artificial lighting can change the behavir f ncturnal (夜行的) wildlife. T address this prblem, Gladsaxe, a suburb f Cpenhagen, intrduced a new lighting apprach by installing red-spectrum (红色光谱) LED street lighting alng a 700-meter stretch f Frederiksbrgvej and the Farum cycle superhighway. (然而，有证据表明，这种人工照明会改变夜行野生动物的行为。为了解决这个问题，哥本哈根郊区Gladsaxe引入了一种新的照明方式，在700米长的Frederiksbrgvej和Farum自行车高速公路上安装了红色光谱LED路灯。)”以及第二段中“Gladsaxe’s red lighting helps limit the eclgical impact that ften cmes with white light while still preserving visibility fr rad users. (Gladsaxe的红色照明有助于限制白光通常带来的生态影响，同时仍为道路使用者保持可见度。)”可知，Gladsaxe项目的目的是尽量减少对野生动物的干扰。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“During the initial installatin in 2022, the lighting design used 30 ne-meter-high bllards (桩) spaced30 meters apart t prject red light that leaves spaces f cmplete darkness between them, which the designers said allw light-shy bats t crss withut expsure while still prviding lighting cntinuity fr the bicycle path. At lcatins where cyclists and pedestrians crss the rad, the prject added 12 ples at 3.5 meters t create a distinct visual envirnment and imprve safety at thse pints. (在2022年的初步安装过程中，照明设计使用了30个一米高的路桩，间隔30米，投射出红光，使它们之间留有完全黑暗的空间，设计师说，这可以让怕光的蝙蝠在不暴露的情况下穿过，同时仍为自行车道提供连续的照明。在骑自行车的人和行人过马路的地方，该项目增加了12根3.5米高的杆子，以创造一个独特的视觉环境，并提高这些地方的安全性。)”可知，路桩和杆子平衡了动物和道路使用者的需求。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Partnering design cmpany Light Bureau reprted the installatin met required lighting and unifrmity levels in selected sectins t supprt Danish rad and cycle-path standards, and the prject received a Build Back Better GREEN Award in 2022 fr minimizing negative impacts n bidiversity while prviding safe passage fr rad users. (合作设计公司Light Bureau报告称，安装的选定部分达到了所需的照明和均匀度水平，符合丹麦道路和自行车道标准，该项目在2022年获得了“重建更好绿色奖”，因为它在为道路使用者提供安全通道的同时，最大限度地减少了对生物多样性的负面影响。)”可知，根据Light Bureau的报告，该项目获得了认可。故选A。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“Hwever, evidence shws that this artificial lighting can change the behavir f ncturnal (夜行的) wildlife. T address this prblem, Gladsaxe, a suburb f Cpenhagen, intrduced a new lighting apprach by installing red-spectrum (红色光谱) LED street lighting alng a 700-meter stretch f Frederiksbrgvej and the Farum cycle superhighway. (然而，有证据表明，这种人工照明会改变夜行野生动物的行为。为了解决这个问题，哥本哈根郊区Gladsaxe引入了一种新的照明方式，在700米长的Frederiksbrgvej和Farum自行车高速公路上安装了红色光谱LED路灯。)”以及最后一段“The prject is nw being viewed as a ptential mdel fr ther cities wrldwide dealing with light pllutin and its effects n wildlife, while demnstrating hw urban design can be adapted t meet bth human safety needs and envirnmental gals. (该项目现在被视为世界各地其他城市处理光污染及其对野生动物影响的潜在模式，同时展示了城市设计如何适应人类安全需求和环境目标。)”可知，文章主要讲述了哥本哈根郊区Gladsaxe通过安装红色光谱LED路灯来减少对野生动物的干扰，同时确保道路使用者的安全，为其他城市提供了潜在的模式。可知，C选项“红灯，安全夜”最符合文章标题。故选C。
2.（现代与传统）Have yu ever beyed the suggestins f a digital writing assistant t replace a wrd r restructure a sentence? Befre the appearance f digital tls, yu’d prbably have turned t a dictinary fr the same assistance.
Dictinaries enable us t write nt with fail-safe cnvenience but with riginality and a pint f view. While AI assistants prduce phrases and statements s writers dn’t have t think them up, dictinaries prvide us with the knwledge t use language urselves in expressive and ptentially infinite (无穷的) ways. They place chice and authrity literally in human hands, frcing us t discver hw we want t explain urselves and ur ideas t the wrld.
The abundance f digital writing assistants gives greater urgency t debates abut what a dictinary shuld be. In 1946, Gerge Orwell described gd writing as “picking ut wrds fr the sake f their meaning,” a practice that dictinaries facilitate while digital writing prgrams stifle. Writers cnsulting a dictinary make a chice, while writers guided by an app have their chices made fr them. The digital-native apprach delivers hands-ff, derivative (衍生的) cmmunicatin. The ther requires leafing thrugh pages withut knwing exactly where yu’ll end up. Withut dictinaries t prvide us with a guide t English’s ptential, writing that way is nearly impssible.
Our ability t express urselves is critical — it helps us define wh we are. Dictinaries aid us in achieving this: They categrize ur unique ways f thinking thrugh language. I’m a Canadian; my feeling f pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like “eaves trugh” r “serviette”, which are well-dcumented in dictinaries but rarely used by AI chatbts, fr the mst part.
As digital writing extends deeper int ur lives and minds, we need dictinaries mre than ever. Abandning dictinaries and embracing mechanized writing wuld weaken ur capacity fr cllective identity quite as much as the ability t express urselves.
1．What might be a distinct feature f dictinaries accrding t the authr?
A．They prmise fail-safe phrases.
B．They pssess academic authrity.
C．They facilitate creative writing.
D．They prvide ready-made expressins.
2．What des the underlined wrd “stifle” in paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A．Favr.B．Revise.
C．Observe.D．Discurage.
3．Why des the authr mentin “eaves trugh” and “serviette” in paragraph 4?
A．T shw hw AI aids us in expressing.
B．T indicate the weakness f dictinaries.
C．T celebrate the diversity f Canadian English.
D．T illustrate hw language use affects identity.
4．What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A．Why Keep Yur Dictinary?
B．Hw t Deal with Digital Writing?
C．Wh Uses Writing Assistants?
D．What t Expect frm Dictinaries?
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．A
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章通过对比数字写作助手和字典指出，在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，最后点明我们比以往更需要字典。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Dictinaries enable us t write nt with fail-safe cnvenience but with riginality and a pint f view.(词典让我们写作时并非依靠万无一失的便捷，而是能够展现独特性和观点)”可知，字典能帮助我们写出有原创性的内容。故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据划线词前“a practice that dictinaries facilitate(字典促进这种做法)”和“while”表示的对比关系可知，stifle和facilitate含义相反，即“抑制、阻碍”，选项中discurage“阻拦、使气馁”意思一致。故选D。
3．推理判断题。第四段开头“Our ability t express urselves is critical — it helps us define wh we are. Dictinaries aid us in achieving this: They categrize ur unique ways f thinking thrugh language.(我们表达自我的能力至关重要——它帮助我们定义自己是谁。词典有助于我们实现这一目标：它们通过语言将我们独特的思维方式进行分类)”点明观点：表达自我的能力帮助我们定义自身身份，字典能帮我们保留独有的语言表达。下文“I’m a Canadian; my feeling f pride in my native land is enhanced by small verbal Canadianisms like “eaves trugh” r “serviette”, which are well-dcumented in dictinaries but rarely used by AI chatbts, fr the mst part.(我是加拿大人；我对祖国的自豪感因一些小小的加拿大式词汇而得到增强，比如“檐沟”或“餐巾纸”，这些词汇在词典中有详细记载，但在大多数情况下，人工智能聊天机器人很少使用它们)”作者举这两个加拿大特有的词汇，是为了说明：这类特有语言能增强本土身份认同感，即语言使用会影响个人/群体身份。故选D。
4．主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“As digital writing extends deeper int ur lives and minds, we need dictinaries mre than ever. Abandning dictinaries and embracing mechanized writing wuld weaken ur capacity fr cllective identity quite as much as the ability t express urselves.(随着数字写作深入我们的生活和思维，我们对词典的需求比以往任何时候都更加迫切。放弃词典而转向机械化写作，将同等程度地削弱我们建立集体认同的能力和表达自我的能力)”可知，全文对比数字写作助手和字典，层层论述：在数字写作普及的当下，字典对保留写作原创性、塑造身份认同有不可替代的作用，结尾点明我们比以往更需要字典。由此可知，A项“为什么要保留字典？”适合作本文标题。故选A。
3.（融入现代科技）Secret cdes (密码) nce thught impssible t crack nw face a challenge frm quantum cmputers. Luckily, t prtect infrmatin, physicists have develped a theretically flprf system called device-independent quantum key distributin (DI-QKD) , which uses entangled quantum particles (纠缠态量子粒子) t fix weak pints in existing methds. Nw, a team in China has demnstrated the technique in real city cnditins, an advance that culd clear the way fr a secure quantum internet in which trust is taken fr granted.
Mst cryptgraphy (密码学) wrks by encrypting messages with a secret cde that requires a special key t decde. The challenge lies in making sure the key can’t be decded when sent. Fr instance, the keys in ne ppular encryptin scheme are based n the prime factrs f large numbers, which take enrmus effrt t crack. But such calculatins culd be quick wrk fr the large quantum cmputers. QKD ffers a slutin, but it has a weakness: hardware must be perfect.
DI-QKD remves the need fr trust in the hardware, by emplying anther feature f quantum mechanics — entanglement — which clsely links prperties f widely separated quantum particles. If the sender and receiver entangle a pair f particles acrss the netwrk, they can each perfrm tests that cnfirm the particles’ prperties are strngly linked, well beynd chance. After this “handshake”, they can be sure they’re the nly nes n the channel. Then, ther measurements n the entangled particles can establish a key, which can be shared with cnfidence that nbdy can decde it.
In 2022, a UK-based team managed t create and share a DI-QKD key fr nly abut 2 meters. Nw, Jianwei Pan and his clleagues have extended this t practically useful distances. After cllecting data fr 26 days, they shwed they had the statistics t establish and share a key acrss 11 kilmeters. The researchers als shwed that in thery — and given abut 23 years fr data cllectin — they culd have sent a key acrss 100 kilmeters. Pan’s grup nw plans t explre ways t perfrm DI-QKD using satellites in space.
1．What is the advance made by Chinese scientists?
A．They put frward a cding thery.
B．They enhanced DI-QKD practicality.
C．They set up the quantum internet.
D．They discvered quantum entanglement.
2．The authr explains the encryptin principle by __________.
A．prviding a definitinB．making a cmparisn
C．giving an exampleD．citing a statement
3．What is the main idea f paragraph 3?
A．What entanglement is.
B．Hw DI-QKD wrks.
C．What prevents key sharing.
D．Hw particles cnnect.
4．What is the limitatin implied in the last paragraph?
A．Lng data cllectin time.
B．Strict labratry cnditins.
C．Unstable entangled particles.
D．Heavy reliance n satellites.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了传统密码面临量子计算机挑战，科学家研发出 DI‑QKD 系统。中国团队在真实城市环境实现 11 公里密钥分发，大幅提升实用性，但仍存在数据收集时间过长的局限。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Nw, a team in China has demnstrated the technique in real city cnditins, an advance that culd clear the way fr a secure quantum internet in which trust is taken fr granted.( 如今，中国的一个团队在实际城市环境中展示了这一技术，这一进展可能为建立一个无需信任的可靠量子互联网铺平道路)”以及第四段中“Nw, Jianwei Pan and his clleagues have extended this t practically useful distances.( 如今，潘建伟团队已经将这一技术扩展到了具有实际应用价值的距离范围内)”可知，中国团队在真实城市环境中验证了 DI-QKD 技术，并将距离拓展到实际可用范围，提升了其实用性。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Fr instance, the keys in ne ppular encryptin scheme are based n the prime factrs f large numbers, which take enrmus effrt t crack. But such calculatins culd be quick wrk fr the large quantum cmputers. QKD ffers a slutin, but it has a weakness: hardware must be perfect.( 例如，一种流行的加密方案中的密钥基于大数字的质因数，破解这些密钥需要耗费巨大的努力。但对大型量子计算机来说，这些计算将是轻而易举的事情。量子密钥分发（QKD）提供了解决方案，但它有一个弱点：硬件必须完美无缺)”可推知，作者通过给出例子来解释加密原理。故选C项。
3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“DI-QKD remves the need fr trust in the hardware, by emplying anther feature f quantum mechanics — entanglement — which clsely links prperties f widely separated quantum particles. If the sender and receiver entangle a pair f particles acrss the netwrk, they can each perfrm tests that cnfirm the particles’ prperties are strngly linked, well beynd chance. After this “handshake”, they can be sure they’re the nly nes n the channel. Then, ther measurements n the entangled particles can establish a key, which can be shared with cnfidence that nbdy can decde it.( DI-QKD 通过利用量子力学的另一个特性——纠缠，消除了对硬件的信任需求。纠缠使相距很远的量子粒子的特性紧密相连。如果发送方和接收方在网络中对一对粒子进行纠缠操作，那么他们各自都可以进行测试，以证实这些粒子的特性之间存在着极强的关联，这种关联远远超出了偶然的可能性。完成这一“握手”之后，他们就能确定自己是这条通道上唯一的参与者。然后，对纠缠粒子进行的其他测量可以建立一个密钥，这个密钥可以放心地与他人分享，因为没有人能够破解它)”可知，第三段的主旨是DI-QKD 如何利用量子纠缠、如何完成“握手”、如何建立密钥，完整说明 DI-QKD 的工作流程。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“After cllecting data fr 26 days, they shwed they had the statistics t establish and share a key acrss 11 kilmeters. The researchers als shwed that in thery — and given abut 23 years fr data cllectin — they culd have sent a key acrss 100 kilmeters.( 经过 26 天的数据收集，他们展示了他们拥有足够的统计数据来建立并分享跨越11公里的密钥。研究人员还表明，在理论上——并且假设数据收集需要约23年的时间——他们能够将密钥发送到100公里之外)”可推知，数据收集时间过长是当前局限。故选A项。
4.（浸润人文情怀）Tw mnths int my Ph.D．, I was n the verge f quitting. My brken English made it hard t keep up with clleagues. At lab meetings, the cnversatin prgressed s quickly that by the time I understd a questin, the discussin had already mved n. I nce ruined an experiment due t misunderstanding instructins. In a presentatin, I embarrassed myself by cnfusing “gene dilutin” with “gene deletin”. I felt ut f place, uncertain abut my future in science.
I had mved t Hng Kng frm the Chinese mainland, excited t becme a scientist, but quickly felt verwhelmed. The lab was full f cmplex instruments I had nly ever seen in textbks, and I had n idea hw t use them. Mst f all, the language barrier made everything harder. Classes were taught in English, and I struggled t fllw the discussins.
After a particularly embarrassing presentatin, a senir lab member pulled me aside and said, “Yu are nt here because f yur English. Yu are here because yu can think.” His wrds gave me the strength t cntinue. I began recrding every class and replaying the discussins at night. Slwly, my English imprved, and I grew mre cnfident in expressing my ideas.
Years later, after training in Hng Kng, Canada, and the United States, I returned t my hmetwn t run my wn lab. My students all spke Mandarin, and I assumed they wuldn’t struggle as much as I had because they didn’t face the same language barrier. But I sn realized they t battled dubts abut their careers and abilities. I realized my jb was t teach them t think critically and slve prblems creatively, just as I had been taught. When I saw a student struggling with an experiment, I tld her, “Yu are nt here because yur experiments always wrk. Yu are here because yu can think.” Her smile tld me she was encuraged by these wrds.
Tday, what I value mst in my jb is the transfrmatin I see in the students wh arrive uncertain, but wh leave with enugh cnfidence t challenge me, their prfessr. Fr me, helping thers crss the bridge is the true reward f scientific life.
1．Why did the authr almst quit her Ph.D．accrding t paragraph 1?
A．She disliked lab discussins.B．She lacked future plans in science.
C．She messed up her presentatin.D．She struggled with language barriers.
2．What was the turning pint fr the authr during her Ph.D．studies?
A．Her embarrassing presentatin.
B．Returning t her hmetwn t run a lab.
C．The senir lab member’s supprtive remark.
D．Mving t Hng Kng frm the Chinese mainland.
3．Which wrd wuld best describe the authr as a teacher?
A．Inspiratinal.B．Strict.C．Humrus.D．Authritative.
4．What des the underlined phrase “crss the bridge” in the last paragraph refer t?
A．Travel between cuntries fr educatin.B．Change frm a student t a prfessr.
C．Grw frm uncertainty t cnfidence.D．Build bnds between prfessrs and students.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者攻读博士初期因语言障碍陷入自我怀疑甚至想放弃，在得到前辈鼓励后坚持并成长，后来成为导师，用同样的方式鼓励学生从迷茫走向自信，收获科研人生的真正价值。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Tw mnths int my Ph.D., I was n the verge f quitting. My brken English made it hard t keep up with clleagues.(读博两个月后，我几乎要放弃了。我蹩脚的英语使我很难跟上同事的步伐。)”、“I felt ut f place, uncertain abut my future in science.(我感到格格不入，对自己在科学领域的未来感到不确定)”以及本段中所讲述的语言问题导致实验失误、演讲尴尬等，作者几乎退学的原因是语言障碍带来的种种困境，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“After a particularly embarrassing presentatin, a senir lab member pulled me aside and said, “Yu are nt here because f yur English. Yu are here because yu can think.” His wrds gave me the strength t cntinue.(在一次特别尴尬的汇报后，一位实验室资深成员把我拉到一边说：“你能在这里不是因为你的英语，而是因为你会思考” 他的话给了我坚持下去的力量。)”可知，一位资深实验室成员的鼓励话语给了作者继续下去的动力，是作者博士生阶段的转折点。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“When I saw a student struggling with an experiment, I tld her, “Yu are nt here because yur experiments always wrk. Yu are here because yu can think.” Her smile tld me she was encuraged by these wrds.(当我看到一个学生在做实验时很吃力，我告诉她：“你不在这里是因为你的实验总是成功的。你在这里是因为你能思考”她的微笑告诉我她被这些话鼓舞了。)”可知，作者传承了当年他人对自己的鼓励，用相似的话鼓励迷茫的学生，帮助学生建立信心；因此，作者作为老师是鼓舞激励人的。故选A。
4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段中“Tday, what I value mst in my jb is the transfrmatin I see in the students wh arrive uncertain, but wh leave with enugh cnfidence t challenge me, their prfessr.(如今，我在工作中最看重的是我在学生身上看到的转变，他们来的时候不确定，离开的时候却有足够的信心来挑战我——他们的教授。)”可知，作者工作中注重帮助学生建立信心，帮助学生完成从迷茫不确定到自信的成长转变，“Fr me, helping thers crss the bridge is the true reward f scientific life.(对我来说，帮助别人crss the bridge是科学生活的真正回报。)”中的“crss the bridge”指的是从迷茫不安走向自信的成长，故选C。
5.（人工智能的应用）Grwing resistance t antibitics (抗生素) is getting wrse. In a July 2025 essay in Physical Review Letters, de la Fuente, a biengineer and cmputatinal bilgist, warned f a “pst-antibitic” era.
But de la Fuente is using artificial intelligence t bring abut a different future. His team is training AI tls t search fr peptides with antibitic prperties. His visin is t rganize thse peptides — mlecules (分子 ) made f up t 50 amin acids linked tgether — int varius arrangements, including sme never seen in nature. The results, he hpes, culd defend the bdy against bacteria that withstand traditinal treatments.
In August 2025, his team described peptides hiding in the genetic cde f ancient single-celled rganisms. And in an nging prject de la Fuente calls “mlecular de-extinctin”, he and his team have been scanning published genetic sequences f extinct species fr ptentially functinal mlecules. In the histry f life n Earth, de la Fuente reasns, maybe sme rganism evlved an antimicrbial (抗菌的) defense that culd be helpful tday.
Bilgy is an infrmatin surce, de la Fuente explains, “It’s like a bunch f cde.” The cde f DNA has fur letters; prteins and peptides have 20, where each “letter” represents an amin acid. De la Fuente says his wrk amunts t training AI mdels t recgnize sequences f letters that encde antimicrbial peptides, r AMPs. “If yu think abut it that way”, he says, “yu can design prgrams t mine the cde and identify functinal mlecules, which can be develped int varius drugs: antimicrbials t fight infectins, antimalarials t cmbat malaria, r anticancer agents t treat tumrs.”
Practically speaking, we’re still nt there: These peptides haven’t yet been transfrmed int usable drugs that help peple. But AMPs are appealing because the bdy already uses them. They’re a critical part f the immune system and ften the first line f defense against infectins. Unlike cnventinal antibitics, which typically have ne trick fr killing bacteria, AMPs ften exhibit a multimdal apprach. They may destry the cell wall and the genetic material inside, as well as a variety f cellular prcesses.
1．What des “the results” in paragraph 2 refer t?
A．Artificial peptides.B．Drug-resistant bacteria.
C．Trained AI tls.D．Antibitics.
2．What can we learn abut “mlecular de-extinctin” prject?
A．It aims t bring extinct species back t life.B．It fcuses n hw rganism evlved.
C．It explres genetic resurces frm the past.D．It has already prduced usable drugs.
2．What is the main idea f paragraph 4?
A．Where scientists find functinal mlecules.B．Why DNA has fewer letters than prteins.
C．What diseases have been cured by AMPs.D．Hw AI mdels wrk fr drug discvery.
3．What is the advantage f AMPs ver cnventinal antibitics?
A．They frm the first line f defense.B．They attack thrugh multiple mdes.
C．They interrupt healing prcesses.D．They accelerate bdy recvery.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了生物工程师de la Fuente利用人工智能从现有及远古生物的基因序列中挖掘抗菌肽，以应对抗生素耐药性问题的相关研究。
1．词句猜测题。根据原文第二段“His visin is t rganize thse peptides — mlecules made f up t 50 amin acids linked tgether — int varius arrangements, including sme never seen in nature. The results, he hpes, culd defend the bdy against bacteria that withstand traditinal treatments. (他的设想是将这些肽 —— 由多达 50 个氨基酸连接而成的分子 —— 组合成各种结构，包括一些自然界中从未出现过的结构。他希望这些成果能够保护人体免受耐受传统疗法的细菌的侵害。)” 可知,“the results”指的是前文提到的人工组合排列出的肽类物质，即人工肽。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据原文第三段“And in an nging prject de la Fuente calls “mlecular de-extinctin”, he and his team have been scanning published genetic sequences f extinct species fr ptentially functinal mlecules. (在一个de la Fuente称之为“分子灭绝复活”的正在进行的项目中，他和他的团队一直在扫描已公布的灭绝物种的基因序列，以寻找具有潜在功能的分子。)” 可知，该项目致力于从已灭绝的远古生物中探索基因资源。故选C。
3．主旨大意题。根据原文第四段“De la Fuente says his wrk amunts t training AI mdels t recgnize sequences f letters that encde antimicrbial peptides, r AMPs. “If yu think abut it that way”, he says, “yu can design prgrams t mine the cde and identify functinal mlecules, which can be develped int varius drugs: antimicrbials t fight infectins, antimalarials t cmbat malaria, r anticancer agents t treat tumrs.” (De la Fuente表示，他的工作实际上是训练人工智能模型，识别那些编码抗菌肽（简称 AMPs）的字母序列。他说：“如果你这样理解，就可以设计程序来挖掘这些编码并识别功能性分子，这些分子可以被开发成各类药物：用于对抗感染的抗菌药、治疗疟疾的抗疟药，或是治疗肿瘤的抗癌药物。”)” 可知，本段主要介绍了人工智能模型如何用于药物研发。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据原文最后一段“Unlike cnventinal antibitics, which typically have ne trick fr killing bacteria, AMPs ften exhibit a multimdal apprach. (与通常只有一种杀灭细菌方法的传统抗生素不同，抗菌肽通常采用多种模式发挥作用。)” 可知，抗菌肽相比传统抗生素的优势在于它通过多种方式攻击细菌。故选B。
6.（科技与城市提升）Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping urban traffic management in ways that were unimaginable a decade ag. As cities struggle with wrsening heavy traffic jams, rising carbn emissins, and the need fr safer rads, AI-pwered systems are emerging as game-changers. Unlike traditinal traffic cntrl methds that rely n fixed timers, AI systems analyses real-time data frm cameras, sensrs, and even smartphne apps t adjust traffic signals dynamically.
In Singapre, the AI traffic management system develped by the Land Transprt Authrity has reduced travel times by 15% in dwntwn areas since its launch in 2024. The system prcesses data frm ver 5,000 traffic sensrs and 2,000 cameras, predicting traffic flws up t 30 minutes in advance. When a majr accident ccurs, it autmatically adjusts signals in nearby areas t guide traffic, minimizing backups. Similarly, in Seul, AI has helped cut traffic jams by 22% n key highways, as the system adjusts the speed f traffic lights based n the number f vehicles in each lane.
Critics believe that AI systems are t expensive t implement and maintain, especially fr smaller cities. Hwever, supprters pint ut that the lng-term benefits — such as reduced fuel cnsumptin and fewer accidents — utweigh the initial csts. A study by the Internatinal Transprt Frum fund that AI traffic management culd reduce urban carbn emissins by 12% glbally by 2030. Mrever, as AI technlgy advances, the cst f implementatin is expected t drp significantly.
Anther advantage f AI is its ability t adapt t changing cnditins. During peak hurs, schl drp-ffs, r special events, the system can quickly adjust its algrithms (算法) t meet the demand. This flexibility is particularly valuable in cities with cmplex traffic patterns. As mre cities adpt AI-pwered traffic slutins, the ptential fr creating smarter, greener, and mre efficient urban envirnments becmes increasingly evident.
1．What makes AI traffic systems different frm traditinal nes ?
A．Imprved vehicle cntrl.B．Flexible traffic signal system.
C．Advanced traffic timers and cameras.D．Smart city planning and management.
2．What d Seul and Singapre’s AI traffic systems have in cmmn?
A．Limits n vehicle speed.
B．Reliance n current traffic cnditins.
C．Autmatic accident-respnsive adjustment.
D．Partnership with the same sftware cmpany.
3．What’s the functin f paragraph 3?
A．T strengthen the argument.B．T put frward an argument.
C．T indicate the pssible challenges.D．T give practical applicatin.
4．What is the authr’s attitude tward the future f AI traffic systems?
A．Unclear.B．Cautius.C．Apprving.D．Dismissive.
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍人工智能动态调控城市交通，缓解拥堵、低碳安全，虽前期成本高但前景广阔，助力智慧城市建设。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Unlike traditinal traffic cntrl methds that rely n fixed timers, AI systems analyse real-time data frm cameras, sensrs, and even smartphne apps t adjust traffic signals dynamically. (与依赖固定计时器的传统交通控制方法不同，人工智能系统会分析来自摄像头、传感器以及甚至智能手机应用程序的实时数据，从而动态地调整交通信号灯的运行状态。)”可知，二者区别在于灵活可变的交通信号系统。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“The system prcesses data frm ver 5,000 traffic sensrs and 2,000 cameras, predicting traffic flws up t 30 minutes in advance. (该系统处理五千多个交通传感器和两千个摄像头的数据，可提前三十分钟预测车流量。)”以及“Similarly, in Seul, AI has helped cut traffic jams by 22% n key highways, as the system adjusts the speed f traffic lights based n the number f vehicles in each lane. (同样，在首尔，人工智能已帮助主要干道的交通拥堵状况缓解了22%，因为该系统会根据每条车道的车辆数量来调节红绿灯时长。)”中新加坡系统可预测车流、首尔系统根据车道车辆数量调整灯时可知，两地的智能交通系统共同点为依据实时路况进行调控。故选B项。
3．推理判断题。根据第三段“Critics believe that AI systems are t expensive t implement and maintain, especially fr smaller cities. Hwever, supprters pint ut that the lng-term benefits - such as reduced fuel cnsumptin and fewer accidents — utweigh the initial csts. A study by the Internatinal Transprt Frum fund that AI traffic management culd reduce urban carbn emissins by 12% glbally by 2030. Mrever, as AI technlgy advances, the cst f implementatin is expected t drp significantly. (批评人士认为，人工智能系统的投入与维护成本过高，小城市尤其难以承担。然而支持者指出，人工智能带来的长期益处 —— 例如燃料消耗减少、交通事故变少 —— 远超前期投入成本。国际交通论坛的一项研究显示，到 2030 年，全球范围内人工智能交通管理系统有望将城市碳排放量降低12%。此外，随着人工智能技术不断发展，其应用成本预计将会大幅下降。)”可知，本段先提出反对观点，再反驳并补充优势，进一步支撑全文论点。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“As mre cities adpt AI-pwered traffic slutins, the ptential fr creating smarter, greener, and mre efficient urban envirnments becmes increasingly evident. (随着更多城市采用智能交通方案，打造更智能、环保、高效的城市环境的前景愈发明朗。)” 可知，作者对人工智能交通系统的未来持赞同乐观的态度。故选C项。
7.（研究报告）Mst f us have experienced being intrduced t smene new nly t frget his name within secnds. But why is it ften easy t remember a persn’s face but s difficult t remember what he’s called?
A new vide explains that the phenmenn is due t the way ur brains prcess arbitrary data. The vide, called “Why d yu frget their names?”, was prduced by Mitchell Mffit and Greg Brwn. The pair explained that ur brains are brn t recgnize facial details and that specific brain cells fire in respnse t seeing a face.
The University f Trnt, fr example, fund when lking fr faces in a crwd the frntal crtex (前额叶皮层) sends signals t the psterir visual crtex (后视觉皮层) t enhance what the persn was lking at. But because names are randm and hld n specific infrmatin in themselves, the brain struggles t remember them.
The vide cntinued t shw when meeting peple fr the first time, many f us fcus n intrducing urselves and this is knwn as the “next-in-line effect”. Instead f watching and listening t the ther persn, the brain starts fcusing n its wn rutine — what I’ll say and hw I’ll say it. As a result we’re nt able t take in new infrmatin.
In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked peple in a grup t take turns intrducing themselves. They then tested them t see which infrmatin they remembered. A participant’s memry was accurate fr each fellw grup member except fr the persn wh spke befre them. Fr these peple, the participants failed t recall any r little infrmatin.
Als, brains have bth shrt-and lng-term memry and the shrt-term memry is ften called “wrking memry”. This can nly hld s much infrmatin and if the brain desn’t fcus, r repeat it, the infrmatin fades.
1．What may make names hard t remember?
A．Names are regarded as useless infrmatin.
B．There is little detailed infrmatin in names.
C．Names are specific t each individual persn.
D．The human brain respnds t names t slwly.
2．What d we knw abut the “next-in-line effect” mentined in Paragraph 4?
A．It makes it hard t identify a persn.
B．It causes a temprary lss f memry.
C．It wrsens the ability t listen t thers.
D．It blcks the receptin f new infrmatin.
3．What des the authr intend t d in Paragraph 5?
A．Add sme backgrund infrmatin.
B．Intrduce a new tpic fr discussin.
C．Explain the previus paragraph further.
D．Prvide anther experiment fr reference.
4．What des the text mainly tell us?
A．Whether yu prefer sme names t thers.
B．Why yu cannt remember peple’s names.
C．What influences yur memry f specific names.
D．Hw much infrmatin yu can get frm names.
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了为什么人们容易记住他人的面孔却难以记住他们的名字，从大脑处理信息的方式、“下一个效应”以及工作记忆的局限性等方面进行了科学分析。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“But because names are randm and hld n specific infrmatin in themselves, the brain struggles t remember them.(但因为名字是随机的，本身不包含特定信息，大脑难以记住它们)”可知，名字难以记住是因为名字本身包含的详细信息很少。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“The vide cntinued t shw when meeting peple fr the first time, many f us fcus n intrducing urselves and this is knwn as the “next-in-line effect”. Instead f watching and listening t the ther persn, the brain starts fcusing n its wn rutine — what I’ll say and hw I’ll say it. As a result we’re nt able t take in new infrmatin.(这段视频继续展示的是，在初次与人见面时，我们往往会先介绍自己，这就是所谓的“下一个效应”。大脑不再观察和倾听对方，而是开始专注于自己的套路——我要说什么以及怎么说。结果我们无法接收新信息)”可知，“下一个效应”阻碍了新信息的接收。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“The vide cntinued t shw when meeting peple fr the first time, many f us fcus n intrducing urselves and this is knwn as the “next-in-line effect”. (这段视频继续展示的是，在初次与人见面时，我们往往会先介绍自己，这就是所谓的“下一个效应”)”及第五段“In an experiment by Texas Christian University, researchers asked peple in a grup t take turns intrducing themselves. They then tested them t see which infrmatin they remembered.(在德克萨斯基督教大学的一项实验中，研究人员让一组人轮流介绍自己。随后，他们对这些人进行了测试，以了解他们记住了哪些信息)”可知，第四段提出了“下一个效应”的概念，第五段紧接着介绍了德克萨斯基督教大学的实验。由此推知，这一实验是为了进一步解释和验证第四段提出的“下一个效应”。故选C。
4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段以问题“为什么容易记住面孔却难以记住名字”引入，第二段介绍视频解释该现象源于大脑处理随意数据的方式，第三段说明名字因随机性而难记，第四、五段解释“下一个效应”，第六段补充工作记忆的局限性。由此可知，全文围绕“为什么记不住别人的名字”这一主题展开。故选B。
8.（数字垃圾的危害）Frm ld screenshts t junk emails and texts received a year ag, digital clutter is ever present in ur lives — and easy t ignre. Yet every digital actin has an energy impact, rted in hw data transfer frm ur devices t servers in data centers that require pwer and water fr cling.
Our frgtten digital clutter is stred in the clud, which is realized in the frm f servers in data centers that use air cnditining and water t keep cl. The amunt f energy required t stre 1 TB f data n the clud ranges frm 40 kWh t 300 kWh annually, based n estimates frm recent years. Fr cntext, using just 60 kWh is equal t charging yur smartphne every single night fr ver six years. Meanwhile, large data centers can cnsume up t 5 millin gallns f water per day — the same as the daily use f a twn f 10,000 t 50,000 peple.
Digital tasks are unavidable, but it’s ften difficult t get a clear sense f the carbn ftprint f ur nline activities. The estimates f just hw much CO₂ is emitted (排放) can vary by task. Sending and receiving an email, fr example, can use anywhere frm 0.03g t 26g f carbn depending n the length and number f addressees, accrding t Mike Berners-Lee, authr f Hw Bad are Bananas?: The Carbn Ftprint f Everything, released in 2020. It’s wrth nting that as technlgy has imprved since then, s t has the efficiency f ur digital tasks. Ultimately, that number is “tiny,” says Berners-Lee.
When it cmes t ur tech use, the biggest carbn impact actually cmes frm manufacturing (制造) these prducts. Embdied carbn in manufacturing — the ttal life-cycle emissins — ften exceeds the energy that ur cmputer r ur smartphne will use thrughut its lifetime, Berners-Lee ntes.
“Buy fewer physical prducts and make them last,” he recmmends. “If yu can, buy secnd-hand, and try t declutter and take junk ut f yur life,” adds Berners-Lee.
1．Which f the fllwing can be classified as digital clutter?
A．Unrepairable cmputers.B．Unused apps n phnes.
C．Precius family phts.D．Graduatin certificates.
2．Why des the authr mentin charging a smartphne?
A．T criticize the quality f smartphnes.B．T shw the capacity f clud strage.
C．T highlight the amunt f energy cnsumptin.D．T cmpare energy efficiency f different devices.
3．What des Berners-Lee imply by saying “that number is ‘tiny’”?
A．Digital tasks aren’t the main carbn surce.B．Persnal carbn ftprint is insignificant.
C．The carbn ftprint f tasks varies widely.D．Advances in technlgy are remarkable.
4．What is the authr’s purpse in writing the text?
A．T prmte secnd-hand buying.B．T reveal excessive carbn emissins.
C．T encurage a greener digital life.D．T explain the principle f clud strage.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文指出数字垃圾持续消耗能源与水资源，各类线上活动会产生碳排放，电子产品制造才是碳排主力，并呼吁人们精简数字内容、低碳使用数码产品。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Frm ld screenshts t junk emails and texts received a year ag, digital clutter is ever present in ur lives — and easy t ignre.(从旧的截图到一年前收到的垃圾邮件和短信，数字垃圾一直充斥在我们的生活中——而且往往容易被我们忽视)”可知，手机上未使用的应用程序可被归类为数字垃圾。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段“The amunt f energy required t stre 1 TB f data n the clud ranges frm 40 kWh t 300 kWh annually, based n estimates frm recent years.Fr cntext, using just 60 kWh is equal t charging yur smartphne every single night fr ver six years. Meanwhile, large data centers can cnsume up t 5 millin gallns f water per day — the same as the daily use f a twn f 10,000 t 50,000 peple.(根据近年来的估算，将1TB的数据存储在云端所需的能量量每年在40千瓦时到300千瓦时之间。做个对比参考：60 千瓦时的电量，足够你每晚给智能手机充电，连续使用六年多。 与此同时，大型数据中心每日耗水量最高可达500 万加仑，这相当于一座人口在一万到五万之间的城镇一天的总用水量。)”可知，作者提及智能手机的充电问题是为了强调其能耗情况。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段“When it cmes t ur tech use, the biggest carbn impact actually cmes frm manufacturing (制造) these prducts. Embdied carbn in manufacturing — the ttal life-cycle emissins — ften exceeds the energy that ur cmputer r ur smartphne will use thrughut its lifetime, Berners-Lee ntes.(说到我们对科技产品的使用，其对环境造成的最大碳排放影响实际上来自于这些产品的制造过程。伯纳斯-利指出，制造过程中的“固有碳排放”（即整个产品生命周期中的总排放量）往往超过了我们使用的电脑或智能手机在其整个使用寿命中所消耗的能源)”可知，伯纳斯-利在说“这个数字‘微不足道’”时，意在暗示数字化任务并非主要的碳排放来源。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段“Frm ld screenshts t junk emails and texts received a year ag, digital clutter is ever present in ur lives — and easy t ignre. Yet every digital actin has an energy impact, rted in hw data transfer frm ur devices t servers in data centers that require pwer and water fr cling.(从旧的截图到一年前收到的垃圾邮件和短信，数字垃圾无处不在，而且很容易被我们忽视。然而，每一次数字操作都会产生能量消耗，其根源在于数据从我们的设备传输到数据中心的服务器，而这些服务器需要电力和水来进行冷却)”以及本文指出数字垃圾持续消耗能源与水资源，各类线上活动会产生碳排放，电子产品制造才是碳排主力，并呼吁人们精简数字内容、低碳使用数码产品。可知，作者撰写这篇文章的目的是倡导更环保的数字生活。故选C。
9.（人工智能与养老）As advancements in AI cntinue t unfld, rbts are emerging as a transfrmative frce in the elderly care industry acrss China. With innvatins ranging frm feeding rbts t thse designed fr recvery and hygiene (卫生) assistance, an increasing range f age-friendly tech prducts is being intrduced t supprt senirs.
These cutting-edge slutins are making up fr traditinal family-based care mdels, annuncing a new era in the way we apprach elder care.
Recently, cities such as Shanghai and Xi’an, have launched innvative smart elderly care initiatives aimed at enhancing the cmbined develpment f elderly care services and related industries. This mve came in respnse t the rising interest in smart elderly care.
Many nursing hmes in Chinese cities are nw integrating intelligent care rbts int their peratins. Fr example, at a hme care center in Fuzhu, a grup f senirs averaging 86 years ld are enjying a mre cnvenient and dynamic lifestyle thanks t the intrductin f “smart nannies.” Amng the cutting-edge technlgies being emplyed t assist senirs with disabilities are rbtic “caregivers,” multifunctinal transfer bed-chairs, and fall-detectin alarms.
In 2024, a resident frm Shenzhen, Guangdng, surnamed Xia, invested nearly 30,000 yuan in a tileting care rbt fr his 80-year-ld bedridden grandfather, which can help him stand and walk fr tileting. It can autmatically sense needs and perfrm fully autmated prcesses. Since its intrductin, this tileting care rbt has greatly eased the caregiving burden n family members. “It’s much less exhausting nw. When the drain water tank is full, we just empty the wastewater and refill it with clean water,” Xia said.
He expressed hpe fr mre walking-assist rbts, nting that the high cst f current mdels remains a barrier fr many families.
Chen Zhengxiang, an AI mdel trainer based in Suzhu, East China’s Jiangsu Prvince, has cnducted research in many nursing hmes acrss the cuntry. He tld the Glbal Times that current rbts n the market still have shrtcmings in human-rbt interactin. Fr instance, they struggle t recgnize cmmands spken in lcal dialects, and their emtinal interactins remain at a prgrammed respnse level.
1．What is mainly talked abut in the first paragraph?
A．Rbts are transfrming Chinese industry.
B．Tech prducts help the elderly live lnger.
C．Elderly care rbts see grwing ppularity.
D．AI speeds up the prductin f care rbts.
2．What can rbts at a hme care center in Fuzhu d?
A．Help dctrs perate n the sick elderly.
B．Pick senirs up wh fall t the grund.
C．Make nursing hmes easily accessible.
D．Mve senirs in a mre cnvenient way.
3．What des the underlined wrd “bedridden” in paragraph 5 mean?
A．Having limited mbility.B．Abandned t diseases.
C．Lack f cnsciusness.D．Unable t express neself.
4．What des the authr want t stress abut elderly car rbts in the last paragraph?
A．Extensive market prspects.B．The rm fr imprvement.
C．The difficulty in training them.D．Ptential applicatin in nursing.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B
【解析】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍人工智能技术推动下，各类养老机器人在中国逐步应用，缓解养老压力，同时也指出了现存的不足。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“As advancements in AI cntinue t unfld, rbts are emerging as a transfrmative frce in the elderly care industry acrss China. With innvatins ranging frm feeding rbts t thse designed fr recvery and hygiene (卫生) assistance, an increasing range f age-friendly tech prducts is being intrduced t supprt senirs. (随着人工智能的不断发展，机器人正成为中国养老行业的变革力量。从喂食机器人到康复和卫生辅助机器人，越来越多的适老化科技产品被推出以帮助老年人。)”可知，第一段主要讲养老机器人越来越受关注、应用越来越广泛。故选C项。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Fr example, at a hme care center in Fuzhu, a grup f senirs averaging 86 years ld are enjying a mre cnvenient and dynamic lifestyle thanks t the intrductin f “smart nannies.” Amng the cutting-edge technlgies being emplyed t assist senirs with disabilities are rbtic “caregivers,” multifunctinal transfer bed-chairs, and fall-detectin alarms. (例如，在福州的一家养老中心，得益于“智能保姆”的引入，一群平均86岁的老人享受着更便捷、更有活力的生活。用于帮助失能老人的前沿技术包括机器人“护理员”、多功能移位床椅和跌倒检测报警器。)”可知，这些机器人能更方便地移动老人，帮助他们生活。故选D项。
3．词句猜测题。根据第五段中的“In 2024, a resident frm Shenzhen, Guangdng, surnamed Xia, invested nearly 30,000 yuan in a tileting care rbt fr his 80-year-ld bedridden grandfather, which can help him stand and walk fr tileting.(2024年，广东深圳一位夏姓居民为他80岁、卧床不起的祖父花费近3万元购买了一台如厕护理机器人，它可以帮助老人站立和行走如厕。)”可知，这位老人需要机器人辅助站立、行走和如厕，说明他行动不便、长期卧床，因此bedridden意为“行动能力受限”。故选A项。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“He tld the Glbal Times that current rbts n the market still have shrtcmings in human-rbt interactin. Fr instance, they struggle t recgnize cmmands spken in lcal dialects, and their emtinal interactins remain at a prgrammed respnse level.(他告诉《环球时报》，目前市场上的机器人在人机交互方面仍存在不足。例如，它们难以识别方言指令，情感交互也停留在程序响应层面。)”可知，作者在最后一段强调养老机器人还存在技术缺陷，有很大的改进空间。故选B项。
10.（先天与环境因素的关系）Since Francis Galtn cined the phrase “nature vs nurture (环境因素)” 150 years ag, the debate abut what makes us wh we are has dminated the human sciences.
Tday, hwever, a new scientific field is set t reshape the debate — nt by declaring victry fr ne side r the ther, nr even by calling a tie, but rather by revealing they were never in ppsitin in the first place. Thrugh this new perspective, nature and nurture are nt even entirely distinguishable, because genes and envirnment dn’t perate in islatin; they influence each ther and t a very real degree even create each ther.
The new field is called scigenmics, an integratin f behaviral science and genetics. Despite being a relatively new area f study, it has the ptential t rewrite a great deal f what we think we knw abut wh we are and hw we gt that way.
Genes dn’t affect wh we becme just n their wn, inside ur bdies — they wrk, in part, by shaping the envirnments we lk fr r prduce. At ther times, the nature-nurture feedback circle may be mre pernicius. It’s n surprise that terrible setbacks — the lss f a jb, the end f a marriage — can cause peple t fall int depressin. I was astnished t learn, hwever, that peple with a high genetic tendency fr depressin are mre likely t encunter these setbacks, which in turn cntribute t their depressin. That’s nt t say that any f it is their fault, just that the way we’re supprted and the wrld we pilt are clsely linked.
Here is the part f this research that really blws me away. The research suggests that yur partner’s genes influence yur likelihd f depressin almst a third as much as yur wn genes d. It als shws when a small number f students with a genetic tendency t smke are present in a high schl, smking rates can rise rapidly acrss an entire grade — even amng thse students wh didn’t persnally knw thse classmates.
Genes alne aren’t enugh t determine these utcmes and neither is envirnment. Nature and nurture bth shape each ther, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way ur nature expresses itself. The mre pprtunities and infrmatin the envirnment prvides — the mre varied envirnments becme — the greater the influence that genetic variatin has in srting us int different categries.
Nature and nurture aren’t separate frces — they’re endlessly circling back n each ther.
1．Prir t the emergence f scigenmics, it was widely believed that ________.
A．genes and envirnment functined separately
B．there was n clear line between nature and nurture
C．envirnment shaped ur perceptin f wh we are
D．nature mattered mre than nurture fr persnal grwth
2．The underlined wrd “pernicius” (paragraph 4) is clsest in meaning t “________”.
A．disastrusB．generativeC．pintlessD．questinable
3．It can be inferred that the research shcked the writer by suggesting that ________.
A．ur genes may change because f the peple we live with
B．nature determines ur behaviur just as much as nurture des
C．peple with the same genes are mre likely t interact with each ther
D．the genes f peple arund us can affect the envirnment we experience
4．Which f the fllwing pictures crrectly illustrates hw nature and nurture make us wh we are?
A．B．C．D．
【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．C
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了社会基因组学这一新兴科学领域对传统“先天vs环境因素”辩论的重新定义，揭示了基因与环境之间相互影响、相互塑造的复杂关系。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Since Francis Galtn cined the phrase “nature vs nurture (环境因素)” 150 years ag, the debate abut what makes us wh we are has dminated the human sciences.(自150年前弗朗西斯·高尔顿提出“先天与环境因素”这一说法以来，关于什么塑造了我们的争论便一直主导着人文科学领域)”、第二段中“Tday, hwever, a new scientific field is set t reshape the debate — nt by declaring victry fr ne side r the ther, nr even by calling a tie, but rather by revealing they were never in ppsitin in the first place.(然而，如今一个新的科学领域即将重塑这场争论——它不是通过宣布某一方获胜，甚至也不是宣告平局，而是揭示出它们从一开始就并非对立)”和第三段中“The new field is called scigenmics, an integratin f behaviral science and genetics.(这个新领域被称为社会基因组学，是行为科学与遗传学的交叉融合)”可知，在社会基因组学出现之前，人们普遍认为先天和环境因素是对立的，即基因和环境是分开作用的。故选A项。
2．词句猜测题。根据第四段中“At ther times, the nature-nurture feedback circle may be mre pernicius. It’s n surprise that terrible setbacks — the lss f a jb, the end f a marriage — can cause peple t fall int depressin. I was astnished t learn, hwever, that peple with a high genetic tendency fr depressin are mre likely t encunter these setbacks, which in turn cntribute t their depressin.(在其他时候，先天与环境因素的反馈循环可能更pernicius。失业、婚姻破裂等可怕的挫折会导致人们陷入抑郁，这并不奇怪。然而，我惊讶地发现，那些在基因上更容易患抑郁症的人，更有可能遭遇这些挫折，而这些挫折反过来又会加重他们的抑郁)”可推知，这种先天与环境因素的反馈循环更有害的，更具有破坏性。故划线词pernicius意为“有害的；破坏性的”，与A项“disastrus”意义相近。故选A项。
3．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Here is the part f this research that really blws me away. The research suggests that yur partner’s genes influence yur likelihd f depressin almst a third as much as yur wn genes d. It als shws when a small number f students with a genetic tendency t smke are present in a high schl, smking rates can rise rapidly acrss an entire grade (这项研究中真正让我震惊的是这一部分。研究表明，伴侣的基因对你患抑郁症可能性的影响几乎达到你自己基因影响的三分之一。研究还表明，当高中有少数具有吸烟遗传倾向的学生时，整个年级的吸烟率会迅速上升)”可推知，这项研究让作者感到震惊的是，我们周围人的基因可以影响我们所处的环境。故选D项。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Thrugh this new perspective, nature and nurture are nt even entirely distinguishable, because genes and envirnment dn’t perate in islatin; they influence each ther and t a very real degree even create each ther.(从这个新的角度来看，先天和环境因素甚至不能完全区分，因为基因和环境并不是孤立地起作用的；它们相互影响，甚至在很大程度上相互创造)”、第六段中“Nature and nurture bth shape each ther, with nature influencing the way we experience nurture and nurture influencing the way ur nature expresses itself. (先天与环境因素相互塑造，先天影响我们体验环境的方式，环境因素影响我们天性表达的方式)”和最后一段“Nature and nurture aren’t separate frces — they’re endlessly circling back n each ther. (先天与环境因素并非两种分离的力量——它们无休止地相互循环)”可知，二者并非两种分离的力量，是相互影响，相互创造的关系。故选C项。
压轴预测 04 2026最可能考5篇阅读7选5
1.（日记的好处）Can just ten minutes f jurnaling really make a difference? The answer is yes. 1
When yu spend just ten minutes jurnaling, yu give yur mind a place t unlad everything that has been circling in yur head. Instead f letting wrries take ver, yu put them n paper where yu can see them. It’s like clearing a messy desk. Once the mess is gne, yur mind feels quieter and yur fcus returns. 2 Many peple describe feeling lighter and calmer after they write. That sense f cntrl is especially imprtant when life feels busy r unpredictable.
Jurnaling als strengthens self-awareness. As days pass, patterns begin t appear. Yu may ntice that every Mnday feels heavy, r that certain cnversatins leave yu exhausted. This awareness gives yu chices. Yu can prepare yurself, set bundaries, r change hw yu react. 3
Sleep is anther area where jurnaling can wrk wnders. Have yu ever nticed that yur mind becmes mst active when the lights g ut? That is yur brain hlding n t unfinished thughts. 4 Yur mind n lnger has t guard them. Studies shw that peple wh jurnal at night fall asleep faster and enjy deeper rest.
5 When yu lk back at ld pages, yu see wrries that nce felt t heavy t handle nw seem small. Yu ntice yur prgress. Yu see grwth. And that reminder — that yu are changing, step by step — is ne f the strngest surces f mtivatin yu can have.
A．Small habits, if repeated daily, lead t real change.
B．Jurnaling can als becme a recrd f yur jurney.
C．But when yu write them dwn befre bed, yu release them.
D．A fixed jurnaling time, like befre bed, suits mst peple best.
E．Having regular cnversatins with yur friends helps yu feel relaxed.
F．This simple “mental clean-up” is ne f the fastest ways t reduce stress.
G．Over time, these small adjustments help yu feel mre emtinally balanced.
【答案】1．A 2．F 3．G 4．C 5．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了每天仅十分钟的日记写作对减压、提升自我认知、改善睡眠和记录个人成长等方面的积极作用。
1．根据前文“Can just ten minutes f jurnaling really make a difference? The answer is yes. (仅仅十分钟的日记写作真的能带来改变吗？答案是肯定的。)” 可知空前提出简短日记能带来改变；空后开始具体介绍日记带来的各种好处；故推知：空处应承接上文，强调坚持小习惯带来改变；选项A“Small habits, if repeated daily, lead t real change. (小习惯如果每天坚持，会带来真正的改变。)”符合题意。故选A。
2．根据前文“Once the mess is gne, yur mind feels quieter and yur fcus returns. (一旦杂乱清除，你的大脑会感觉更平静，注意力也会恢复。)” 可知空前将写日记比作清理杂乱桌面，能让大脑更清净；故推知：空处应总结这种“大脑清理”的作用；选项F“This simple “mental clean-up” is ne f the fastest ways t reduce stress. (这种简单的“大脑清理”是缓解压力最快的方法之一。)”符合题意。故选F。
3．根据前文“Yu can prepare yurself, set bundaries, r change hw yu react. (你可以做好准备、设定界限或改变自己的反应方式。)”可知，空前介绍写日记带来的一些小调整；故推知：空处应说明这些小调整带来的结果；选项G“Over time, these small adjustments help yu feel mre emtinally balanced. (久而久之，这些小调整会帮助你在情绪上感到更平衡。)”符合题意。故选G。
4．根据前文“That is yur brain hlding n t unfinished thughts. (那是因为你的大脑一直记着未完成的想法。)” 和后文 “Yur mind n lnger has t guard them. (你的大脑不再需要惦记它们。)” 可知空前解释睡前大脑活跃的原因，空后说明大脑不再惦记心事；故推知：空处应说明释放心事的具体办法；选项C“But when yu write them dwn befre bed, yu release them. (但如果你睡前把它们写下来，就能释放这些心事。)”符合题意。故选C。
5．根据后文“When yu lk back at ld pages, yu see wrries that nce felt t heavy t handle nw seem small. (当你回顾以前的日记，会发现曾经觉得难以承受的烦恼如今显得微不足道。)” 可知空后介绍翻看日记能看到自己的成长与变化；故推知：空处应总述日记可以记录成长历程；选项B“Jurnaling can als becme a recrd f yur jurney. (日记也可以成为你人生历程的记录。)”符合题意。故选B。
2.（记叙文—个人成长）Abut a year ag, ur dishwasher brke dwn. We called a repairman and were tld it wuld have t be replaced. 1 S my mther asked me t wash dishes by hand after dinner.
T understand why this upset me s much, yu need t knw what my life was like as a university senir. 2 Hmewrk assignments, prjects and tests cmpeted fr my attentin and time. I caged myself in a prisn f my wn ambitins and expectatins, cut ff frm many aspects f the wrld.
S when I first started washing dishes, I felt annyed. I was in a rush t be dne with them, eager t get back t my endless list f tasks. 3 Fr abut 15 minutes every day, I realized that I culd slw dwn time and frget everything in the wrld. As my mind, eyes and hands fcused n a simple task that wuld always result in success, I fund peace.
Thugh the new dishwasher arrived eventually, I cntinued t wash dishes by hand. This task became mre relaxing and educatinal than I culd have imagined. 4 Frm my kitchen windw, I watched the seasns change: the tmat plant grew in summer, gave its fruit in fall, and died back in winter. Then new green was shwing in spring. I kept these sights in mind, thinking n time itself.
Washing dishes taught me t think f the cmpletin f a task as the ultimate reward, nt praise r a prize. I learned t be mre relaxed abut deadlines. 5
A．It definitely allwed me t recver.
B．Nw I can enjy whatever task I’m ding.
C．I was running arund stressed mst f the day.
D．It tk a while fr the mdel we rdered t arrive.
E．But a new dishwasher was ut f ur cnsideratin.
F．I shuld have accmplished them with even greater effrts.
G．Washing dishes, thugh, caused an admirable transfrmatin in me.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．G 4．A 5．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因洗碗机故障洗碗，从中获得成长的经历。
1．上文“We called a repairman and were tld it wuld have t be replaced.(我们打电话给修理工，被告知洗碗机必须更换)”说明洗碗机无法修理，需要更换。空后“S my mther asked me t wash dishes by hand after dinner.(所以我妈妈让我晚饭后手洗碗)”说明暂时无法使用新洗碗机，需要手动洗碗。空处和前文为顺接关系，说明新洗碗机无法立即到位。选项D“It tk a while fr the mdel we rdered t arrive.(我们订购的型号花了一段时间才到)”的“tk a while t arrive”解释了为什么需要手动洗碗，与后文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选D。
2．上文“T understand why this upset me s much, yu need t knw what my life was like as a university senir.(要理解为什么这让我如此沮丧，你需要知道我作为大四学生的生活是什么样的)”说明下文将介绍作者大四的生活状态。空后“Hmewrk assignments, prjects and tests cmpeted fr my attentin and time.(家庭作业、项目和考试都在争夺我的注意力和时间)”描述了作者忙碌的状态。空处承接前文，具体说明作者的生活状态。选项C“I was running arund stressed mst f the day.(我大部分时间都在紧张地忙碌)”具体体现了作者大四的忙碌与压力，与后文的任务繁重相呼应，符合语境。故选C。
3．上文“S when I first started washing dishes, I felt annyed. I was in a rush t be dne with them, eager t get back t my endless list f tasks.(所以当我刚开始洗碗时，我感到很恼火。我急于洗完，渴望回到我无尽的任务清单上)”说明作者一开始对洗碗很反感、很急躁。空后“Fr abut 15 minutes every day, I realized that I culd slw dwn time and frget everything in the wrld.(每天大约15分钟，我意识到我可以放慢时间，忘记世界上的一切)”说明作者后来对洗碗的态度发生了转变。空处为转折关系，体现作者的变化。选项G“Washing dishes, thugh, caused an admirable transfrmatin in me.(然而，洗碗给我带来了令人钦佩的转变)”中的“thugh”表转折，“transfrmatin”呼应后文作者态度的变化，与上下文内容相衔接，符合语境。故选G。
4．上文“This task became mre relaxing and educatinal than I culd have imagined.(这项任务比我想象的更放松、更有教育意义)”说明洗碗给作者带来了积极影响。空后“Frm my kitchen windw, I watched the seasns change: the tmat plant grew in summer, gave its fruit in fall, and died back in winter. Then new green was shwing in spring. I kept these sights in mind, thinking n time itself.(从我家厨房的窗户望去，我目睹了四季的更替：番茄植株在夏季生长，秋季结出果实，冬季又逐渐枯萎。而到了春天，又会萌发出新的绿意。我将这些景象铭记于心，思考着时间的本质)”具体描述了洗碗时的收获。空处承接前文，进一步说明洗碗的积极作用。选项A“It definitely allwed me t recver.(它确实让我得到了恢复)”中的“It”指代“washing dishes”，“recver”呼应前文的“relaxing”，体现洗碗对作者的积极影响，与后文内容相呼应，符合语境。故选A。
5．上文“Washing dishes taught me t think f the cmpletin f a task as the ultimate reward, nt praise r a prize. I learned t be mre relaxed abut deadlines.(洗碗教会我把完成一项任务视为最终的奖励，而不是表扬或奖品。我学会了对截止日期更放松)”说明作者从洗碗中学会了正确的做事态度。空处为总结句，体现作者的转变与收获。选项B“Nw I can enjy whatever task I’m ding.(现在我可以享受我正在做的任何任务)”总结了作者从洗碗中获得的成长，呼应前文的态度转变，作为文章结尾，符合语境。故选B。
3.（合理设置目标）Fr many kids, setting a big gal and achieving it can feel like climbing a slippery hill. 1 Teaching children t create gals that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bund builds a can-d attitude and helps them face bstacles in life.
SMART gals decnstruct larger gals int smaller, actinable steps. They remve guesswrk and make gals easier t track. 2 Fr example, an unclear gal like “d better at math” can be reframed as “practice multiplicatin tables fr 10 minutes after dinner every day”.
When yu set SMART gals with kids, the key is t keep them cllabrative and simple. 3 They can make kids feel verwhelmed, s it’s better t fcus n ne simple gal at a time until it becmes a habit.
It’s als imprtant t avid cmmn mistakes. 4 Praising nly the results instead f the effrt will make kids discuraged when they face setbacks. What’s mre, dn’t set gals fr yur kids — let them take wnership f their wn gals.
Setting the gal is just the first step; sticking t it is mre imprtant. 5 Regular check-ins, celebrating small prgress and adjusting gals when needed can all help kids stay n track with their SMART gals. In the end, SMART gals are nt just abut achieving smething, but abut building life skills like time management and self-discipline fr kids.
A．Gals shuld be specific and detailed.
B．One f them is paying n attentin t prcess.
C．Children shuld be encuraged t set their wn gals.
D．First, avid making gals t big r setting t many f them.
E．There are several tips t help kids stick t their SMART gals.
F．Yu need t prepare a lt f prfessinal tls t track the gals.
G．But SMART gals can give them the tls t cnquer it with cnfidence.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍孩子制定大目标难以实现，进而给出用SMART目标帮助孩子设定、坚持目标并培养生活技能的建议。
1．根据上文“Fr many kids, setting a big gal and achieving it can feel like climbing a slippery hill.(对许多孩子来说，设定一个大目标并实现它就像爬一座滑溜溜的山)”以及下文“Teaching children t create gals that are specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bund builds a can-d attitude and helps them face bstacles in life.(教孩子制定具体、可衡量、可实现、相关且有时间限制的目标，能培养他们积极肯干的态度，并帮助他们面对生活中的障碍)”可知，此处应衔接上文孩子实现大目标的困难，引出下文的SMART目标，G选项“But SMART gals can give them the tls t cnquer it with cnfidence.(但SMART目标能给他们信心十足地征服它的工具)”中的it指代上文climbing a slippery hill，既转折了上文的困难，又引出下文的SMART目标，符合语境。故选G项。
2．根据上文“SMART gals decnstruct larger gals int smaller, actinable steps. They remve guesswrk and make gals easier t track.(SMART目标将较大的目标分解为更小的、可执行的步骤。它们消除了猜测，使目标更容易跟踪)”以及下文“Fr example, an unclear gal like “d better at math” can be reframed as “practice multiplicatin tables fr 10 minutes after dinner every day”.(例如，一个不明确的目标，比如“数学学得更好”，可以重新定义为“每天晚饭后练习10分钟乘法表”)”可知，此处应体现SMART目标的具体性，A选项“Gals shuld be specific and detailed.(目标应该具体而详细)”既呼应了上文SMART目标的特点，又与下文的例子相契合，符合语境。故选A项。
3．根据上文“When yu set SMART gals with kids, the key is t keep them cllabrative and simple.(当你和孩子一起设定SMART目标时，关键是要保持协作和简单)”以及下文“They can make kids feel verwhelmed, s it’s better t fcus n ne simple gal at a time until it becmes a habit.(它们会让孩子感到不知所措，所以最好一次专注于一个简单的目标，直到它成为一种习惯)”可知，此处应指出要避免的问题，D选项“First, avid making gals t big r setting t many f them.(首先，避免把目标定得太大或定得太多)”中的gals t big r t many对应下文的verwhelmed，符合语境。故选D项。
4．根据上文“It’s als imprtant t avid cmmn mistakes.(避免常见错误也很重要)”以及下文“Praising nly the results instead f the effrt will make kids discuraged when they face setbacks.(只表扬结果而不表扬努力，会让孩子在面对挫折时感到气馁)”可知，此处应列举一种常见错误，B选项“One f them is paying n attentin t prcess.(其中之一是不关注过程)”中的ne f them指代上文的cmmn mistakes，paying n attentin t prcess与下文nly the results instead f the effrt相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
5．根据上文“Setting the gal is just the first step; sticking t it is mre imprtant.(设定目标只是第一步，坚持下去更重要)”以及下文“Regular check-ins, celebrating small prgress and adjusting gals when needed can all help kids stay n track with their SMART gals.(定期检查、庆祝小进步以及在需要时调整目标，都能帮助孩子坚持他们的SMART目标)”可知，此处应引出帮助孩子坚持SMART目标的方法，E选项“There are several tips t help kids stick t their SMART gals.(有几个技巧可以帮助孩子坚持他们的SMART目标)”既承接上文“坚持目标更重要”，又引出下文的具体技巧，符合语境。故选E项。
4.（提高社交能力）
Simple Ways t Imprve Yur Scial Skills
Being friendly and scial with yur cwrkers is a big part f mst jbs. 1 , as yu may nt knw them as well as clse friends. Thankfully, there’s smething yu can d t imprve yur scial skills at wrk.
Greet everyne with a smile. Try smiling at yur cwrkers and greeting them each day when yu get t wrk. Even if yu’re a little nervus, it nly takes a few secnds, and it can make yu seem mre friendly and apprachable. 2 , smile, and add a persnalized hell t break the ice with yur cwrkers.
Use general cnversatin starters. Talk abut the weather r smething yu ntice in the rm. This gives the cnversatin a nice starting pint with whever yu're talking with.
● Any casual small talk is fine — the mst imprtant thing is t engage with the peple arund yu.
● Remember t give peple time t talk. 3 . If yu’ve been ding mst f the talking, pause s that yur cwrker can get a wrd in r share their pinin.
● 4 . If yu ntice a natural stpping pint in the cnversatin, plitely excuse yurself frm the cnversatin and leave yur cwrker with an invitatin t talk again sn.
Respect yur cwrkers’ bundaries. 5 . Everyne has their limits n hw much they want t scialize. Read yur cwrkers’ bdy language t understand their bundaries, and respectfully give them the space they need.
A．Keep a certain distance
B．Make direct eye cntact
C．End cnversatins n a gd nte
D．A gd cnversatin is abut taking turns
E．It will be a disaster t get t clse t anyne
F．It can be a little tense t scialize with clleagues, thugh
G．Nt everyne wants t be best friends with their cwrkers
【答案】1．F 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．G
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述和同事社交的重要性，以及如何与同事进行良好的社交。
1．根据上文“Being friendly and scial with yur cwrkers is a big part f mst jbs. ”（与同事友好相处是大多数工作的重要组成部分。）和下文“as yu may nt knw them as well as clse friends. ”（因为你可能不像亲密朋友那样了解他们。）推知，空处陈述和同事进行社交的难处。F项 “然而，和同事社交可能有点紧张”符合题意。故选F。
2．根据上文“Even if yu’re a little nervus, it nly takes a few secnds, and it can make yu seem mre friendly and apprachable.”（即使你有点紧张，也只需要几秒钟，这会让你看起来更友好、更平易近人。）和下文“smile, and add a persnalized hell t break the ice with yur cwrkers.”（微笑，加上个性化地打个招呼，打破和同事之间的冷场。）可知，上下文讲述了如何和同事打招呼。由此推知，空处补充陈述为了表达自己的真诚和友好，在与同事打招呼时还应该有眼神交流。B项“进行直接的眼神交流”符合题意。故选B。
3．根据本段的建议“Remember t give peple time t talk.”（记得要给别人讲话的时间。）和下文“If yu’ve been ding mst f the talking, pause s that yur cwrker can get a wrd in r share their pinin.”（如果大部分时间都是你在说话，暂停一下，让你的同事插句话或分享他们的观点。） 可知，一个好的对话是双方都要发表自己的看法，而不是一个人一直说。D项“好的对话是轮流进行的”符合题意。故选D。
4．空处为该部分主旨句。根据下文“If yu ntice a natural stpping pint in the cnversatin, plitely excuse yurself frm the cnversatin and leave yur cwrker with an invitatin t talk again sn.（如果你发现谈话中有一个自然的停顿，礼貌地为自己找个借口退出谈话，并邀请你的同事尽快再次交谈。） ”可知，此处建议我们找一个好的时机结束自己的谈话。C项“以一种良好的方式结束谈话”符合题意。故选C。
5．根据上文“Respect yur cwrker, bundaries.（尊重你同事的底线。）”和下文“Everyne has their limits n hw much they want t scialize.（每个人想要社交的程度都是有限的。）”可知，我们要尊重同事，每个人想要社交程度是不一样的。由此可知，并非每个人都想和同事成为好朋友，有的只想保持同事关系。G项 “并非每个人都想和同事成为最好的朋友”符合题意。故选G。
5. （做家务劳动的好处）Between sccer practices, music lessns and schl prjects, many families find themselves questining whether there’s time r even a need fr their children t d chres at hme. But accrding t Elizabeth Harris, a child and adlescent psychlgist, asking kids t pitch in arund the huse can have pwerful lifelng benefits.
Chres are nt just abut keeping a huse clean. 1 One thing that ften surprises parents is hw chres build empathy. When kids understand what it takes t maintain a hme, they becme mre aware f and grateful fr what thers d fr them. That kind f perspective can be a game-changer in emtinal develpment.
2 During the schl year, kids thrive n rutine. But during vacatins, that structure ften disappears. Adding a few regular respnsibilities, especially nes the child helps chse, can prvide much-needed rhythm and stability.
Assigning regular husehld duties can als enhance children’s cgnitive develpment. 3 They develp strnger wrking memry, better emtinal regulatin and mre mental flexibility. These are fundatinal skills nt just fr success in schl, but in life.
S when shuld a kid start? As early as preschl. Yunger children lve t feel capable. Simple tasks like cleaning up tys r wiping and setting the table fster autnmy. 4 They include maintaining their rm, helping ck meals and managing pet care. Harris encurages parents t frame these nt as punishments, but as pprtunities t grw. 5 But when there’s rm, lean int thse pprtunities. Kids dn’t need t d everything, but they shuld d smething. Giving children and teens cnsistent, age-apprpriate chres is ne f the simplest and mst effective ways t help them grw int respnsible, capable adults.
A．The benefits g even deeper.
B．Chres als reinfrce structure.
C．When life gets busy, it’s kay t pull back.
D．These are skills that serve them well, far int adulthd.
E．Kids wh have chres are typically better self-managers.
F．Fr lder children and teens, tasks can becme mre cmplex.
G．Children wh have age-apprpriate chres develp strnger relatinships.
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．E 4．F 5．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了让孩子做家务的多种好处，并给出了不同年龄段孩子的家务建议。
1．由上文“Chres are nt just abut keeping a huse clean.(做家务不仅仅是保持房子干净。)”以及下文“One thing that ften surprises parents is hw chres build empathy.(一件常让父母惊讶的事是家务如何培养同理心。)”可知，本空要表达家务带来的更深远的益处。A选项“The benefits g even deeper.(好处还不止这些。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“benefits”与下文的“build empathy”及“emtinal develpment”相呼应。故选A。
2．由下文“During the schl year, kids thrive n rutine. But during vacatins, that structure ften disappears. Adding a few regular respnsibilities, especially nes the child helps chse, can prvide much-needed rhythm and stability.(在学年期间，孩子们在规律中茁壮成长。但在假期里，这种结构往往会消失。增加一些常规的责任，尤其是孩子自己选择的，能提供急需的节奏和稳定性。)”可知，本段主要讲述了家务能帮助孩子建立规律与秩序。B选项“Chres als reinfrce structure.(家务也能强化秩序感。)”能概括本段内容，符合题意，该选项中的“structure”与下文的“rutine”及“rhythm and stability”相呼应。故选B。
3．由上文“Assigning regular husehld duties can als enhance children’s cgnitive develpment.(分配常规家务也能促进儿童的认知发展。)”以及下文“They develp strnger wrking memry, better emtinal regulatin and mre mental flexibility.(他们会发展出更强的工作记忆、更好的情绪调节能力和更强的思维灵活性。)”可知，本空要说明做家务对孩子能力的积极影响。E选项“Kids wh have chres are typically better self-managers.(做家务的孩子通常更擅长自我管理。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“better self-managers”与下文的“strnger wrking memry, better emtinal regulatin and mre mental flexibility”相呼应。故选E。
4．由上文“Yunger children lve t feel capable. Simple tasks like cleaning up tys r wiping and setting the table fster autnmy.(年幼的孩子喜欢有能力的感觉。像整理玩具、擦桌子和摆餐具这样的简单任务能培养自主性。)”以及下文“They include maintaining their rm, helping ck meals and managing pet care.(它们包括整理自己的房间、帮忙做饭和照顾宠物。)”可知，本空要引出年龄稍大的孩子可做的更复杂的家务。F选项“Fr lder children and teens, tasks can becme mre cmplex.(对于年龄较大的孩子和青少年，任务可以变得更复杂。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“lder children and teens”与上文的“Yunger children”形成对比，“mre cmplex”与下文“strnger wrking memry, better emtinal regulatin and mre mental flexibility”相呼应。故选F。
5．由下文“But when there’s rm, lean int thse pprtunities.(但当有时间的时候，要抓住这些机会。)”可知，本空要表达生活忙碌时可以适当减少家务的内容。C选项“When life gets busy, it’s kay t pull back.(当生活忙碌时，减少一些家务也没关系。)”能承接下文，符合题意，该选项中的“When life gets busy”与下文的“when there’s rm”形成转折关系，“pull back”与下文的“lean int thse pprtunities”相呼应。故选C。
压轴预测 05 2026最可能考5篇完形填空
1.完形填空（浸润人文情怀）
It was Thanksgiving Eve 1980. A heavy strm 1 central Missuri, leaving 18-year-ld Jhn Mrris trapped. His car had just 2 an icy rad and int a channel when he was n his way t his grandparents’ hme fr the hliday. Unharmed but 3 — with n cell phne t call fr help in 1980 — Jhn 4 central Missuri his car culdn’t get ut withut a tw truck
(拖车). Dressed nly fr mild cld, nt severe snw, he grew 5 as the weather wrsened and darkness fell.
Sptting a light n a hill acrss the rad, Jhn hiked thrugh the wet snw t a 6 . The dr was unlcked, and 7 answered his kncks, s he cautiusly entered, hping t use the 8 . The huse empty, he dialed the 9 number and was tld he had t wait fr rescue because f bad weather. He decided t 10 sme cash as a thank yu and stay in his car fr the night.
Just then, the farmhuse wners — Virgil Schmitz and his wife — returned. Instead f 11 , they greeted Jhn with warmth, 12 strawberry pie. Then, they arranged accmmdatin fr Jhn in a guest rm and served him a ht Thanksgiving breakfast the next mrning. Jhn’s car was later declared a ttal lss, but he never frgt their 13 .
Tday, Jhn and Virgil remain in tuch, 14 seasnal greetings. True affectin and great kindness can g beynd time, 15 lives even decades apart.
1．A．missedB．crashedC．surrundedD．blanketed
2．A．cleared upB．laid acrssC．slid ffD．passed by
3．A．helplessB．hpefulC．unexpectedD．surprised
4．A．admittedB．memrizedC．realizedD．recgnized
5．A．anxiusB．calmC．cautiusD．sensitive
6．A．truckB．farmhuseC．htelD．flat
7．A．smeneB．bthC．everyneD．nbdy
8．A．kitB．phneC．rmD．kitchen
9．A．hspitalB．lng-distanceC．emergencyD．bank
10．A．leaveB．brrwC．cntributeD．withdraw
11．A．cmfrtB．angerC．sympathyD．disappintment
12．A．preparingB．sellingC．displayingD．sharing
13．A．genersityB．braveryC．devtinD．curage
14．A．acceptingB．draftingC．keepingD．exchanging
15．A．savingB．bridgingC．cherishingD．enjying
【答案】
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述1980年感恩节前夕，Jhn因暴风雪被困，得到农场主夫妇救助，这份善意跨越数十年仍温暖彼此的故事。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一场暴风雪覆盖了密苏里州中部，18岁的约翰·莫里斯被困住了。A. missed错过；B. crashed撞击；C. surrunded包围；D. blanketed覆盖。结合后文“leaving 18-year-ld Jhn Mrris trapped”以及“severe snw”可知，暴风雪覆盖了该地区，导致Jhn被困。故选D。
2．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他开车去祖父母家过节时，车子刚滑出结冰的路面，掉进了一条沟渠里。A. cleared up清理；B. laid acrss横跨；C. slid ff滑出；D. passed by经过。根据下文“an icy rad and int a channel”可知，路面结冰，车子打滑滑出路面，掉进沟渠。故选C。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有受伤，但却很无助——1980年还没有手机可以求助，约翰意识到，没有拖车，他的车在密苏里州中部无法脱困。A. helpless无助的；B. hpeful有希望的；C. unexpected意外的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文“with n cell phne t call fr help”可知，Jhn无法求助，处境无助。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然没有受伤，但却很无助——1980年还没有手机可以求助，约翰意识到，没有拖车，他的车在密苏里州中部无法脱困。A. admitted承认；B. memrized记住；C. realized意识到；D. recgnized认出。根据下文“his car culdn’t get ut withut a tw truck”可知，Jhn被困后意识到没有拖车自己无法脱困。故选C。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他只穿了适合温和寒冷天气的衣服，不适合严寒的大雪，随着天气恶化、夜幕降临，他变得焦虑起来。A. anxius焦虑的；B. calm平静的；C. cautius谨慎的；D. sensitive敏感的。根据上文“Dressed nly fr mild cld, nt severe snw”和下文“weather wrsened and darkness fell”可知，Jhn衣着单薄，天气越来越糟，会感到焦虑。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到马路对面山上有一盏灯，约翰穿过湿雪，走向一座农舍。A. truck卡车；B. farmhuse农舍；C. htel酒店；D. flat公寓。根据后文“the farmhuse wners — Virgil Schmitz and his wife — returned”可知，Jhn走向的是一座农舍，farmhuse为原词复现。故选B。
7．考查代词词义辨析。句意：门没锁，没有人回应他的敲门声，所以他小心翼翼地走了进去，希望能用一下电话。A. smene有人；B. bth两者都；C. everyne每个人；D. nbdy没有人。根据下文“The huse empty”可知，房子里没人，没人回应他的敲门声，。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：门没锁，没有人回应他的敲门声，所以他小心翼翼地走了进去，希望能用一下电话。A. kit工具包；B. phne电话；C. rm房间；D. kitchen厨房。根据前文“with n cell phne t call fr help”可知，Jhn需要打电话求助，所以希望用一下农舍里的电话。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：房子里空无一人，他拨打了紧急电话，却被告知由于天气恶劣，他必须等待救援。A. hspital医院；B. lng-distance长途；C. emergency紧急情况；D. bank银行。结合语境，Jhn被困，需要救援，所以拨打紧急电话，emergency number意为“紧急电话”。故选C。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定留下一些现金作为感谢，然后在车里过夜。A. leave留下；B. brrw借；C. cntribute贡献；D. withdraw提取。根据下文“as a thank yu”可知，Jhn想留下现金作为使用电话的感谢。故选A。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：农舍的主人——维吉尔·施米茨和他的妻子——回来了。他们没有生气，反而热情地迎接了约翰，并分享了草莓派。A. cmfrt安慰；B. anger生气；C. sympathy同情；D. disappintment失望。根据上文“instead f”和下文“they greeted Jhn with warmth”可知，农场主夫妇没有因为Jhn擅自进入房子而生气。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：农舍的主人——维吉尔·施米茨和他的妻子——回来了。他们没有生气，反而热情地迎接了约翰，并分享了草莓派。A. preparing准备；B. selling卖；C. displaying展示；D. sharing分享。结合上文“greeted Jhn with warmth”可知，夫妇俩热情招待Jhn，分享草莓派。故选D。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：约翰的车后来被宣布完全报废，但他从未忘记他们的慷慨。A. genersity慷慨；B. bravery勇敢；C. devtin奉献；D. curage勇气。根据上文“Then, they arranged accmmdatin fr Jhn in a guest rm and served him a ht Thanksgiving breakfast the next mrning.”可知，农场主夫妇无偿招待Jhn、为他安排住宿，这体现了他们的慷慨。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，约翰和维吉尔仍然保持着联系，互致节日问候。A. accepting接受；B. drafting起草；C. keeping保持；D. exchanging交换、互致。根据上文“remain in tuch”可知，两人保持联系，互致节日问候。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：真挚的情感和伟大的善意可以跨越时间，连接数十年后的生活。A. saving拯救；B. bridging连接；C. cherishing珍惜；D. enjying享受。结合上文“g beynd time”和下文“lives even decades apart”可知，善意能跨越时间，连接多年后的两个人。故选B。
2.完形填空（体验中国人文—外国人在中国的经历）
With the rapid mtin f the high-speed train, I recalled a rhyme frm my childhd, “Train is ging, train is ging, where is yur 1 ?” My inner vice 2 : a Chinese city I had nly seen n maps, a new place waiting t be 3 .
Arriving at the railway statin, I fund myself surrunded by busy travelers and the sund f 4 eching in Mandarin (普通话), a language that still feels like a 5 t me. My first little 6 began befre I even reached my htel. I had bked a ride thrugh Didi, but finding the right pick-up spt 7 t be cnfusing. After a few calls and sme plite aplgies in my 8 Chinese, tw plicemen helped me find the way ut. Their friendly smiles and a few English wrds 9 my wrry. Outside, they helped me 10 my driver — a kind lady wh greeted me 11 , understanding my cnfusin with patience and grace.
Lking back, ne f my mst cherished (怀念的) memries was visiting a park, where I was 12 t the erhu, a tw-stringed traditinal instrument that seems t sing straight t the heart. The erhu may lk simple, but its sund 13 deep emtin. I even tried t play it myself; my attempt was far frm perfect, but even that trembling (颤抖的) 14 felt magical.
Fr a freigner like me, the city is a place where the music f the erhu flws alngside the 15 f mdern life. It teaches me hw t lk backward and frward at nce, t hnr the past while embracing the future.
1．A．destinatinB．rhymeC．childhdD．vice
2．A．questinedB．fadedC．changedD．replied
3．A．abandnedB．rebuiltC．explredD．searched
4．A．ftstepsB．annuncementsC．freedmD．traffic
5．A．giftB．threatC．puzzleD．jke
6．A．adventureB．invitatinC．thughtD．impressin
7．A．made sureB．set utC．turned utD．went n
8．A．fluentB．brkenC．standardD．traditinal
9．A．easedB．expressedC．sharedD．understd
10．A．catchB．sptC．welcmeD．visit
11．A．suddenlyB．seriuslyC．fearfullyD．warmly
12．A．accustmedB．devtedC．intrducedD．ppsed
13．A．blcksB．carriesC．recrdsD．edits
14．A．heartB．lightC．experienceD．nte
15．A．rhythmB．pressureC．demandsD．wrries
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名外国游客，第一次乘坐高铁前往中国某城市旅行的经历，描述了途中遇到的挑战以及收获的温暖帮助与文化体验，最终感悟到这座城市传统与现代交融的独特魅力。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：火车在开，火车在开，你的目的地是哪里？A. destinatin目的地；B. rhyme韵律；C. childhd童年；D. vice声音。根据前文“With the rapid mtin f the high-speed train”以及童谣询问火车去向的逻辑，这里问的是“目的地”。故选A项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我内心的声音回答道：一个我仅在地图上见过的中国城市，一个等待被探索的新地方。A. questined质疑；B. faded褪去；C. changed改变；D. replied回答。根据前文“My inner vice”以及后文“a Chinese city...”可知，内心的声音在“回答”童谣中的问题。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我内心的声音回答道：一个我仅在地图上见过的中国城市，一个等待被探索的新地方。A. abandned抛弃；B. rebuilt重建；C. explred探索；D. searched搜索。根据前文“a new place”以及作者即将前往这座城市的语境，它是等待被“探索”的新地方。故选C项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达火车站后，我发现自己被行色匆匆的旅客和用普通话播报的广播声包围着——这门语言对我来说仍然像是一个谜题。A. ftsteps脚步声；B. annuncements广播，公告；C. freedm自由；D. traffic交通。根据火车站场景和后文“eching in Mandarin”可知，这是车站的普通话播报“广播声”。故选B项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达火车站后，我发现自己被行色匆匆的旅客和用普通话播报的广播声包围着——这门语言对我来说仍然像是一个谜题。A. gift礼物；B. threat威胁；C. puzzle谜；D. jke玩笑。根据前文“a Chinese city I had nly seen n maps”和后文“Fr a freigner like me”可知，作者是外国人，中文不好，所以普通话对他来说像一个“谜”。故选C项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我到达酒店之前，我的第一次小冒险就开始了。A. adventure冒险；B. invitatin邀请；C. thught想法；D. impressin印象。根据后文“finding the right pick-up spt t be cnfusing”可知，作者打车遇到困难，找不到上车点，这是一次小“冒险”。故选A项。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我通过滴滴叫了车，但找到正确的上车点结果却令人困惑。A. made sure确保；B. set ut出发；C. turned ut结果是，最后是；D. went n继续。根据前文“finding the right pick-up spt”以及后文“t be cnfusing”可知，一件看似简单的事情“最后”变得令人困惑。故选C项。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在用我不流利的中文打了几个电话并礼貌地道歉后，两位警察帮我找到了出口。A. fluent流利的；B. brken不流利的；C. standard标准的；D. traditinal传统的。作者是外国人，结合前文“the sund f eching in Mandarin (普通话), a language that still feels like a t me.”可知，他中文不好，是“不流利的”。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们友好的微笑和几个英文单词缓解了我的担忧。A. eased缓解，减轻；B. expressed表达；C. shared分享；D. understd理解。作者因语言障碍和找车困难而担忧，结合前文“Their friendly smiles and a few English wrds”可推知，警察的友好态度和英语交流帮助“缓解”了担忧。故选A项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到了外面，他们帮我找到了来接我的司机——一位和蔼的女士，她热情地跟我打招呼，并耐心而体贴地理解我的困惑。A. catch抓住；B. spt发现，找到；C. welcme欢迎；D. visit参观。根据前文“finding the right pick-up spt t be cnfusing”可知，作者找不到上车点，找不到司机，所以警察是帮他“发现”了司机。故选B项。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：到了外面，他们帮我找到了来接我的司机——一位和蔼的女士，她热情地跟我打招呼，并耐心而体贴地理解我的困惑。A. suddenly突然；B. seriusly严肃地；C. fearfully害怕地；D. warmly热情地。根据后文“understanding my cnfusin with patience and grace”可知，女司机很友善，所以是“热情地”打招呼。故选D项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我最怀念的一次经历是去公园，在那里我第一次接触到二胡。A. accustmed习惯于；B. devted致力于；C. intrduced介绍，使初次了解；D. ppsed反对。根据后文“a tw-stringed traditinal instrument that seems t sing straight t the heart”对二胡的描述可推知，这是作者第一次接触二胡；be intrduced t意为“初次接触，被介绍给”。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：二胡看起来简单，但它的声音承载着深厚的情感。A. blcks阻塞；B. carries承载，传递；C. recrds记录；D. edits编辑。根据后文“deep emtin”可知，声音“承载”情感。故选B项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我甚至尝试自己拉；我的尝试远非完美，但即使是那颤抖的音符也感觉很神奇。A. heart心脏；B. light光；C. experience经历；D. nte音符。根据前文“play it myself”以及“trembling”可知，这里指拉出的“音符”。故选D项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于像我这样的外国人，这座城市是二胡的旋律与现代生活的节奏一同流淌的地方。A. rhythm节奏；B. pressure压力；C. demands要求；D. wrries担忧。根据前文“the music f the erhu flws”以及后文“f mdern life”可推知，音乐旋律和现代生活“节奏”相呼应。故选A项。
3.完形填空（为热爱而坚持）
I climbed a small ladder t wipe the stained kitchen fans, my skin hurting frm strng cleaners. I had a sudden realizatin: I culdn’t spend life n 1 jbs. Each time I was exhausted, my thughts always 2 childhd days by rivers, where my brther and I learned t figure ut trut’s (鳟鱼) silent mvements — a fascinatin deeper than a mere 3 .
Brn int a wrking-class family and 4 schl withut a diplma, I nce thught a science career was a distant 5 . Fr years, I wrked tirelessly at 6 flrs and cleaning kitchens, prud f hnest labr yet lnging fr mre. At 24, I reslved t 7 : I enrlled in adult educatin, then gained admissin t a university bilgy prgram.
The first term was extremely 8 — I failed several curses — but the resilience (韧性) 9 by years f physical labr kept me ging. As my 10 imprved gradually, a breakthrugh came: my supervisr handed me a trut research paper and invited me t jin the team. 11 with jy, I realized I was getting paid t explre my lifelng passin, turning frm a 12 int an ambitius scientist.
Tday, I’m pursuing a PhD n hw climate change 13 Arctic trut, hiking t remte glacial lakes. Incidentally, my brther 14 my fieldwrk, s we culd wrk by the water again. Life has cme full circle: my childhd river passin has becme a 15 , turning struggle int purpse and dream int reality.
1．A．abnrmalB．exceptinalC．dangerusD．unappreciated
2．A．kept away frm B．flded back tC．stepped back frmD．held n t
3．A．talentB．adventureC．hbbyD．tendency
4．A．attendingB．leavingC．skippingD．missing
5．A．dreamB．destinatinC．sailD．memry
6．A．beatingB．diggingC．ladingD．sanding
7．A．repeatB．recallC．restartD．reflect
8．A．tughB．plainC．fundamentalD．different
9．A．cntrlledB．ruinedC．shapedD．prtected
10．A．reactinsB．gradesC．incmesD．methds
11．A．FacedB．HitC．ChargedD．Overcme
12．A．fisherB．trublemakerC．labrerD．caregiver
13．A．affectsB．assessesC．bstsD．benefits
14．A．inspectedB．jinedC．recgnizedD．witnessed
15．A．rutineB．targetC．chiceD．prfessin
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．D
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者曾从事底层体力工作，心怀儿时对鳟鱼的热爱，决心求学转型，克服困难投身生物研究，最终将童年热爱化作终身事业。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我突然意识到：我不能一辈子都做不被重视的工作。A. abnrmal反常的；B. exceptinal杰出的；C. dangerus危险的；D. unappreciated不被重视的。结合前文“I climbed a small ladder t wipe the stained kitchen fans, my skin hurting frm strng cleaners.(我爬上一个小梯子，去擦拭那些脏兮兮的厨房风扇，强效清洁剂刺激着我的皮肤，令我感到疼痛)”可知，作者做擦拭厨房油烟机这类辛苦琐碎的清洁体力工作，可知此处指不愿一生从事不被看重的底层劳作。故选D。
2．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：每次我感到疲惫不堪时，脑海中总会浮现出儿时在河边度过的时光，那时我和哥哥学会了观察鳟鱼无声的游动——这种痴迷远不止是一般意义上的爱好。A. kept away frm远离；B. flded back t涌上、回想；C. stepped back frm退出；D. held n t坚持。根据后文“childhd days by rivers”可知，疲惫时总会回忆起童年河边的日子。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次我感到疲惫不堪时，脑海中总会浮现出儿时在河边度过的时光，那时我和哥哥学会了观察鳟鱼无声的游动——这种痴迷远不止是一般意义上的爱好。A. talent天赋；B. adventure冒险；C. hbby爱好；D. tendency趋势。结合后文“my childhd river passin”以及作者一生都执着于鳟鱼相关研究，说明这份喜爱不只是普通爱好。故选C。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我出生在一个工人家庭，没拿到毕业证就辍学离校，曾经我以为从事科学工作只是一个遥不可及的梦想。A. attending参加；B. leaving离开、退学；C. skipping跳过；D. missing错过。结合后文“Fr years, I wrked tirelessly at ____ flrs and cleaning kitchens, prud f hnest labr yet lnging fr mre.”没有文凭、早年做体力活，可知是辍学离开学校。故选B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我出生在一个工人家庭，高中毕业后也没有拿到毕业证书。曾经我以为从事科学工作只是一个遥不可及的梦想。A. dream梦想；B. destinatin目的地；C. sail航行；D. memry回忆。根据上文“I nce thught a science career was a distant”，结合作者出身普通、学历不足的处境，科学相关的职业对当时的自己来说是遥远的梦想。故选A。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年来，我一直不停地忙着打磨地板、打扫厨房，为自己从事的这份诚实的劳动感到自豪，但又渴望能有更多的机会。A. beating击打；B. digging挖掘；C. lading装载；D. sanding打磨。根据后文“flrs and cleaning kitchens”以及结合日常清洁体力工作的内容，指作者需要打磨地板。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：24岁时，我下定决心重新开始：我参加了成人教育课程，随后又被一所大学的生物专业录取了。A. repeat重复；B. recall回忆；C. restart重新开始；D. reflect反思。结合后文“I enrlled in adult educatin, then gained admissin t a university bilgy prgram”作者报名成人教育、考入大学生物专业，可知是下定决心重启人生。故选C。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一学期非常艰难——我有几门课程不及格——但多年从事体力劳动所培养出来的坚韧精神让我坚持了下来。A. tugh艰难的；B. plain平淡的；C. fundamental基础的；D. different不同的。结合后文“I failed several curses”挂科的结果，能看出大学初期的学习生活十分艰难。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一学期非常艰难——我有几门课程不及格——但多年从事体力劳动所培养出来的坚韧精神让我坚持了下来。A. cntrlled控制；B. ruined摧毁；C. shaped塑造、磨练；D. prtected保护。结合后文“by years f physical labr kept me ging”可知，多年体力劳作塑造磨练出了自己的坚韧品格。故选C。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我的成绩逐渐提高，终于迎来了转机：我的导师递给我一份关于鳟鱼的研究论文，并邀请我加入这个团队。A. reactins反应；B. grades成绩；C. incmes收入；D. methds方法。根据后文“my supervisr handed me a trut research paper and invited me t jin the team.”以及结合前文课程不及格，此处对应学习成绩慢慢变好。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：满心欢喜，我意识到自己可以靠着毕生热爱的事获得收入，我从一名体力劳动者转变为有远大抱负的科研人员。A. Faced面对；B. Hit击打；C. Charged收费；D. Overcme深受……影响、充满。根据后文“with jy, I realized I was getting paid t explre my lifelng passin”可知，作者得到邀请满心欢喜。短语be vercme with jy意为“喜不自胜、满心欢喜”。故选D。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：满心欢喜，我意识到自己可以靠着毕生热爱的事获得收入，我从一名体力劳动者转变为有远大抱负的科研人员。A. fisher渔夫；B. trublemaker闹事者；C. labrer体力劳动者；D. caregiver看护者。结合前文“flrs and cleaning kitchens”作者长期做清洁、打磨地板等体力工作，可知此前身份是体力劳动者。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天，我正在攻读关于气候变化如何影响北极鳟鱼的博士学位，同时我还在前往偏远冰川湖泊的路上徒步旅行。A. affects影响；B. assesses评估；C. bsts促进；D. benefits有益于。根据上文“Tday, I’m pursuing a PhD n hw climate change”以及结合科研常识，研究主题为气候变化对鳟鱼产生的影响。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：巧合的是，我的哥哥加入了我的野外考察工作，这样我们又能一起在水边工作了。A. inspected检查；B. jined加入；C. recgnized认出；D. witnessed见证。结合后文“my fieldwrk, s we culd wrk by the water again”可知，他们再次一同在水边工作，可知哥哥参与加入了实地研究。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：人生仿佛又回到了最初的起点：我儿时对河流的热爱如今已成为了我的职业，将奋斗化为了目标，将梦想变成了现实。A. rutine惯例；B. target目标；C. chice选择；D. prfessin职业。结合前文作者成为科研人员、攻读相关博士，可知儿时的爱好变成了终身职业。故选D。
4.完形填空（接收自己的不完美）
Fr years, I prudly called myself a perfectinist. If I culdn’t d smething 1 frm the start, I simply wuldn’t d it at all. But turning thirty made me realize my cmfrt zne had becme a 2 . Determined t try smething new, I signed up fr a beginner’s pttery (陶艺) class.
During the first lessn, the instructr 3 hw t center the clay n the spinning wheel. His hands mved with effrtless grace, 4 a beautiful bwl in secnds. 5 , I sat at my wheel, expecting similar results.
Instead, disaster 6 . My clay flew ff the wheel, leaving mud everywhere. When I finally managed t keep the clay n the wheel, my 7 t pull it upwards resulted in ruined masses. By the end f the secnd week, I was ready t 8 .
Seeing my 9 , the instructr walked ver. “Yu’re 10 the clay,” he bserved gently. “Stp trying t frce it t be perfect. Just 11 the material and let it take the shape it wants.”
Taking a deep breath, I clsed my eyes, 12 my strict expectatins, and allwed my hands t mve naturally. When I pened my eyes, the bwl wasn’t perfect, but it std upright, 13 the unique marks f my fingers. I kept that imperfect bwl as a cnstant 14 that the beauty f a new skill lies in the messy 15 f learning, nt just the final result.
1．A．wellB．naturallyC．fastD．differently
2．A．baseB．shelterC．stageD．cage
3．A．explainedB．demnstratedC．imaginedD．reviewed
4．A．shapingB．designingC．carvingD．decrating
5．A．HesitantlyB．CautiuslyC．CnfidentlyD．Nervusly
6．A．passedB．returnedC．struckD．cntinued
7．A．decisinsB．intentinsC．abilitiesD．attempts
8．A．cmplainB．aplgizeC．quitD．hide
9．A．frustratinB．reliefC．excitementD．guilt
10．A．wastingB．fightingC．blamingD．destrying
11．A．chseB．cntrlC．feelD．guide
12．A．let g fB．lived up tC．held n tD．kept track f
13．A．remvingB．bearingC．sufferingD．leaving
14．A．prfB．prmiseC．warningD．reminder
15．A．standardB．prcessC．purpseD．methd
【答案】
1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．B
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者曾是完美主义者，尝试陶艺时屡屡失败，在老师点拨下放下执念，领悟到新技能的美好在于学习过程而非完美结果。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我不能从一开始就把事情做好，我干脆就完全不做。A. well好地；B. naturally自然地；C. fast快速地；D. differently不同地。结合前文“Fr years, I prudly called myself a perfectinist.”可知，作者自称完美主义者，完美主义者凡事要求做好、做到完美，可知此处指一开始无法做好就不做。故选A。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但步入三十岁让我意识到，我的舒适区已经变成了一个牢笼。A. base基础；B. shelter庇护所；C. stage舞台；D. cage牢笼。结合后文“Determined t try smething new, I signed up fr a beginner’s pttery class.”可知，作者决心尝试新事物、跳出原有状态，说明舒适区限制了自己，如同牢笼一般。故选D。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一节课上，老师演示了如何在旋转轮上固定陶土中心。A. explained解释；B. demnstrated演示；C. imagined想象；D. reviewed复习。结合后文“His hands mved with effrtless grace”老师动手制作出碗，可知老师是动手实操演示步骤。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的双手动作优雅毫不费力，几秒内就塑出一个漂亮的碗。A. shaping塑造；B. designing设计；C. carving雕刻；D. decrating装饰。根据后文“a beautiful bwl”以及结合陶艺制作场景，此处指将陶土塑造成碗的形状。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我自信地坐在自己的转轮前，期待做出类似的成果。A. Hesitantly犹豫地；B. Cautiusly谨慎地；C. Cnfidently自信地；D. Nervusly紧张地。根据上文“His hands mved with effrtless grace, ____ a beautiful bwl in secnds.”可知，作者看到老师轻松完成制作，自身抱有完美主义心态，因此满怀信心开始尝试。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，糟糕的状况接踵而至。A. passed经过；B. returned返回；C. struck突然发生；D. cntinued继续。结合后文“My clay flew ff the wheel, leaving mud everywhere.”提到陶土乱飞、制作失败的内容，可知灾难突然降临。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我终于稳住陶土后，我尝试向上拉扯陶土，最后只弄得一团糟。A. decisins决定；B. intentins意图；C. abilities能力；D. attempts尝试。结合后文“t pull it upwards resulted in ruined masses”可知，此处指作者努力尝试向上塑形的行为。故选D。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二周结束时，我已经准备好放弃了。A. cmplain抱怨；B. aplgize道歉；C. quit放弃；D. hide躲藏。根据上文“resulted in ruined masses.”以及结合连续多次制作失败，完美主义的作者难以接受失误，因此想要放弃课程。故选C。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到我的沮丧模样，老师走了过来。A. frustratin沮丧；B. relief宽慰；C. excitement兴奋；D. guilt愧疚。结合上文“By the end f the secnd week, I was ready t ____.”可知，作者多次制作失败、想要放弃，可知此时内心满是沮丧。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他温和地说道：“你在和陶土较劲”。A. wasting浪费；B. fighting对抗、较劲；C. blaming指责；D. destrying破坏。结合后文“Just ____ the material and let it take the shape it wants.””老师劝诫不要强行追求完美，可知作者一直在强行操控陶土，违背材质本身的特性，与之对抗。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：去感受材料本身，任由它呈现自然的形态。A. chse选择；B. cntrl控制；C. feel感受；D. guide引导。结合前文“Stp trying t frce it t be perfect.”可知，作者强行操控失败，老师建议顺应材质、用心感受陶土。故选C。
12．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我深吸一口气，闭上双眼，放下严苛的期待，让双手自然动作。A. let g f放下；B. lived up t不辜负；C. held n t坚持；D. kept track f追踪。根据后文“my strict expectatins, and allwed my hands t mve naturally”可知，作者不再执着于完美结果，可知是放下了高标准的期待。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我睁开眼，这个碗并不完美，但它稳稳立着，带着我手指独特的印记。A. remving移除；B. bearing带有；C. suffering遭受；D. leaving留下。根据后文“the unique marks f my fingers”以及结合陶艺制作的痕迹，成品表面留存、带有手指印记。故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我保留了那个不完美的碗，以此作为一种永恒的提醒：一项新技能的魅力在于学习过程中的那些混乱与摸索，而不仅仅在于最终的结果。A. prf证明；B. prmise承诺；C. warning警示；D. reminder提醒物。根据后文“that the beauty f a new skill lies in the messy”可知，这个碗时刻提醒作者学习的真谛，可知是提醒物。故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我保留了那个不完美的碗，以此作为一种永恒的提醒：一项新技能的魅力在于学习过程中的那些混乱与摸索，而不仅仅在于最终的结果。A. standard标准；B. prcess过程；C. purpse目的；D. methd方法。结合后文对应对比的final result（最终结果），此处指学习的过程。故选B。
5.完形填空（情暖人间——感悟人文情怀）
On Sept 21, Bill Buda had his final rute as a USPS mail carrier, after 31 years f service. A vide psted by his daughter, Alexa, shws the entire 1 cming ut t celebrate the milestne.
In the quickly spreading vide clip, Bill is 2 with ballns, hugs, fnd farewells, kids’ drawings, sidewalk art, even what lks like a DIY with water bttles. “Peple will NEVER frget hw yu made them feel,” Alexa writes in the captin (说明文字) and many agreed with her. Dwn in the cmments, peple 3 Alexa’s statement. S many peple wrte in t 4 Bill fr puring his heart int his jb and 5 genuine relatinships with thse he interacted with fr 6 .
“This is my parents’ neighbrhd! Yur dad was always s kind and I’ll never frget him 7 me when he delivered my diplma (文凭) frm Kent State.”
“Bill is the best. I lved talking with him. I drve an ld mtrcycle and nce he saw it in my 8 and we talked abut 9 we’ve taken.”
“This was s amazing. We just mved t the neighbrhd and liked him 10 . Happy retirement!”
Bill tld Gd Mrning America that after being asked multiple times abut his day f retirement, he decided t make things 11 nly by taping a “save the date” card t his 12 drs.
But never did he expect a full 13 . Alexa tld Peple that her dad’s nrmal rute lasted an 14 tw hurs because all the peple wuld 15 talking t him.
1．A．wrkshpB．husehldC．dwntwnD．neighbrhd
2．A．greetedB．decratedC．armedD．prvided
3．A．supprtedB．addedC．suspectedD．displayed
4．A．criticizeB．sympathizeC．fundD．praise
5．A．restringB．creatingC．spreadingD．shifting
6．A．daysB．weeksC．mnthsD．decades
7．A．kiddingB．inspiringC．cngratulatingD．treating
8．A．apartmentB．garageC．fficeD．studi
9．A．ridesB．ntesC．stepsD．flights
10．A．subsequentlyB．instantlyC．initiallyD．slwly
11．A．cmplexB．simpleC．grandD．meaningful
12．A．daughters’B．residents’C．custmers’D．fllwers’
13．A．failureB．mistakeC．imprvementD．celebratin
14．A．accurateB．idealC．extraD．rdinary
15．A．refer tB．make frC．end upD．kick ff
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．C 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了邮递员比尔退休时社区为他举行盛大庆祝活动的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的女儿亚历克莎发布的一段视频显示，整个社区的人都出来庆祝这一里程碑。A. wrkshp车间；B. husehld家庭；C. dwntwn市中心；D. neighbrhd社区。根据后文“This is my parents’ neighbrhd!”可知，是整个社区的人出来庆祝。故选D。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这段迅速传播的视频片段中，比尔受到气球、拥抱、深情的告别、孩子们的画作、人行道艺术，甚至还有看起来像是用水瓶自制的装饰品的迎接。A. greeted迎接；B. decrated装饰；C. armed武装；D. prvided提供。根据后文“with ballns, hugs, fnd farewells, kids’ drawings, sidewalk art, even what lks like a DIY with water bttles”可知，邻居们用各种方式迎接比尔。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在评论区，人们支持亚历克莎的说法。A. supprted支持；B. added增加，补充；C. suspected怀疑；D. displayed展示。根据前文““Peple will NEVER frget hw yu made them feel,” Alexa writes in the captin (说明文字) and many agreed with her.”及后文“S many peple wrte in t Bill fr puring his heart int his jb”可知，很多人写评论支持亚历克莎的说法。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人写信来赞扬比尔全身心投入工作，并与数十年来接触的人建立了真诚的关系。A. criticize批评；B. sympathize同情；C. fund资助；D. praise赞扬。根据后文“Bill fr puring his heart int his jb”可知，人们赞扬比尔全身心投入工作。故选D。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很多人写信来赞扬比尔全身心投入工作，并与数十年来接触的人建立了真诚的关系。A. restring恢复；B. creating创造；C. spreading传播；D. shifting转移。根据后文“genuine relatinships with thse he interacted with”可知，比尔在工作中与顾客建立了真诚的关系。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多人写信来赞扬比尔全身心投入工作，并与数十年来接触的人建立了真诚的关系。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. mnths月；D. decades十年。根据前文“after 31 years f service”可知，比尔工作了31年，即几十年。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你爸爸总是那么善良，我永远不会忘记他递给我肯特州立大学文凭时祝贺我的样子。A. kidding开玩笑；B. inspiring鼓舞；C. cngratulating祝贺；D. treating对待。根据后文“me when he delivered my diplma”可知，送文凭时通常会表示祝贺。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开着一辆旧摩托车，有一次他在我车库里看到了，我们就聊起了我们骑过的车。A. apartment公寓；B. garage车库；C. ffice办公室；D. studi工作室。根据前文“I drve an ld mtrcycle and nce he saw it in my”可知，摩托车应该放在车库里，所以是在车库看到的。故选B。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开着一辆旧摩托车，有一次他在我车库里看到了，我们就聊起了我们骑过的车。A. rides骑行；B. ntes笔记；C. steps步骤；D. flights航班。根据前文“I drve an ld mtrcycle”可知，他们聊起了骑过的车。故选A。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我们刚搬到这个社区，马上就喜欢上他了。A. subsequently随后；B. instantly立即；C. initially最初；D. slwly慢慢地。根据前文“We just mved t the neighbrhd and liked him”可知，刚搬来就马上喜欢上了比尔。故选B。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比尔在《早安美国》节目中表示，在被多次问及退休日的安排后，他决定只在自己的客户门上贴一张“留存日期”的卡片，以此简单地度过这一天。A. cmplex复杂的；B. simple简单的；C. grand盛大的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据后文“nly by taping a “save the date” card t his”可知，比尔只想简单地通过贴卡片来告知人们。故选B。
12．考查名词所有格辨析。句意：比尔在《早安美国》节目中表示，在被多次问及退休日的安排后，他决定只在自己的客户门上贴一张“留存日期”的卡片，以此简单地度过这一天。A. daughters’女儿的；B. residents’居民的；C. custmers’顾客的；D. fllwers’追随者的。根据前文“Bill Buda had his final rute as a USPS mail carrier”可知，比尔是邮递员，所以是在客户门上贴卡片。故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他从未想到会有一场盛大的庆祝活动。A. failure失败；B. mistake错误；C. imprvement改善；D. celebratin庆祝。根据前文“cming ut t celebrate the milestne”可知，这是一场庆祝活动。故选D。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亚历克莎告诉《人物》杂志，她父亲平常的投递路线多花了两个小时，因为所有人最后都会拉着他聊天。A. accurate准确的；B. ideal理想的；C. extra额外的；D. rdinary普通的。根据后文“tw hurs because all the peple wuld talking t him”可知，大家和他聊天，所以要多花两个小时。故选C。
15．考查动词短语辨析。句意：亚历克莎告诉《人物》杂志，她父亲平常的投递路线多花了两个小时，因为所有人最后都会拉着他聊天。A. refer t参考；B. make fr走向，导致；C. end up结束，最终；D. kick ff开始。根据后文“talking t him”可知，所有人都会和比尔聊个不停，end up ding“最终做某事”。故选C。
压轴预测 06 2026最可能考5篇语法填空
1.（传播中国文化）
Architecture studi Penda has released visualizatins f its “Yin-Yang Huse” — a hme designed fr a tiny plt near the German city f Kassel. Funded by architects Chris Precht and Dayng Sun, the studi created this hme fr a yung family 1 (target) a self-sufficient lifestyle in the cuntryside.
Given the site’s cmpact (紧凑的) nature, the nly space available 2 (grw) fruit, vegetables and herbs is the rf. Penda therefre designed the rf as a series f terraces (露台) that create a 3 (functin) garden. “Whenever architects design a building, they take 4 area away that used t belng t nature,” said the studi, “and we try t give this space back.”
The building’s frm cnsists f tw interlcking sectins based n the symbl fr Yin-Yang — a Chinese philsphy that describes hw 5 (seeming) ppsing frces can cmbine t create a 6 (balance) and strng whle. The unique rf features stepped levels ging up frm the center, like the way muntains rise n either side f a valley.
The slping (倾斜的) rf ensures that rainwater 7 (channel) twards a tank belw fr 8 (stre) t water the plants. Thrughut the year, the plants will change 9 the seasns, varying the building’s appearance.
The “Yin-Yang Huse” integrates living and wrking spaces, architecture and nature, creating a truly self-sufficient hme, 10 timeless wisdm meets the future f green design.
【答案】
1．targeting 2．t grw 3．functinal 4．an 5．seemingly 6．balanced 7．is channeled 8．strage 9．with 10．where
【解析】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了德国一建筑工作室打造阴阳住宅，融合中式理念，以屋顶露台打造生态花园，收集雨水，结合自然，实现乡村自给自足的绿色居住模式。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：这家工作室由建筑师克里斯·普雷奇特和孙大勇共同创立，他们为一个年轻家庭设计了这座住宅，旨在让其在乡村地区过上自给自足的生活方式。逻辑主语a yung family与target为主动关系，用现在分词作定语。故填targeting。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：鉴于该场地空间狭小，能够用于种植水果、蔬菜和香草的唯一区域就是屋顶了。the space t d sth.表示“做某事的空间”，不定式作后置定语。故填t grw。
3．考查形容词。句意：因此，彭达将屋顶设计成了多个平台状的区域，从而形成了一个实用的花园。修饰名词garden用形容词functinal，作定语。故填functinal。
4．考查冠词。句意：该工作室表示：“每当建筑师设计一座建筑时，他们都会占用一块原本属于大自然的区域，而我们则试图将这部分空间归还给大自然。”此处area为泛指，且是发音以元音音素开头的单词，需用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
5．考查副词。句意：这座建筑的外形由两个相互连接的部分组成，其设计灵感源自阴阳符号——这是一种源自中国哲学的概念，它阐述了看似相互对立的力量如何能够结合在一起，从而形成一个平衡且强大的整体。修饰形容词ppsing用副词seemingly。故填seemingly。
6．考查形容词。句意：这座建筑的外形由两个相互连接的部分组成，其设计灵感源自阴阳符号——这是一种源自中国哲学的概念，它阐述了看似相互对立的力量如何能够结合在一起，从而形成一个平衡且强大的整体。修饰名词whle用形容词balanced，作定语。故填balanced。
7．考查时态语态。句意：倾斜的屋顶使得雨水能够沿着坡面流向下方的储水罐，从而用于浇灌植物。主语rainwater与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is channeled。
8．考查名词。句意：倾斜的屋顶使得雨水能够沿着坡面流向下方的储水罐，从而用于浇灌植物。介词fr后跟名词strage，表示“储存”，作宾语。故填strage。
9．考查介词。句意：一年之中，这些植物会随着季节的变化而变化，从而改变建筑物的外观。短语change with the seasns表示“随季节变化”。故填with。
10．考查定语从句。句意：这座“阴阳之宅”融合起居与办公空间、建筑与自然，打造出真正自给自足的居所，让永恒的智慧与未来绿色设计相融共生。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为hme（抽象地点），从句缺少地点状语，用关系副词 where。故填where。
2.（人工智能应用）
As is widely recgnized, archaelgy serves as 1 key t unlcking China’s time-hnred civilizatin. What makes mdern Chinese archaelgy particularly 2 (attract) is its integratin with artificial intelligence (AI). AI technlgies, many f 3 have been independently develped by Chinese research teams, are revlutinizing the way archaelgists wrk. Nt nly are AI systems rich 4 data analysis capabilities but als they are extremely efficient when 5 (apply) t the restratin f cultural relics. 6 (help) archaelgists srt thrugh tens f thusands f unearthed fragments in hurs, AI has greatly shrtened the research cycle and imprved the accuracy f restratin.
The applicatin f AI in archaelgy has brught far-reaching changes t the field. One remarkable benefit is that the 7 (cperate) between archaelgists and AI experts can break thrugh the limits f traditinal manual wrk. Advanced as freign AI technlgies are, the AI tls 8 (develp) by Chinese institutins are tailred t the characteristics f Chinese archaelgical sites, indicating they have been functining 9 (effective) in prtecting cultural heritage.
With China attaching greater imprtance t cultural heritage prtectin, AI archaelgy is gaining glbal attentin due t the fact that the internatinal academic cmmunity has realized 10 great significance it is t cmbine cutting-edge technlgy with archaelgical research.
【答案】
1．a 2．attractive 3．which 4．in 5．applied 6．T help 7．cperatin 8．develped 9．effectively 10．what
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了AI技术在中国考古领域的应用及意义。
1．考查冠词。句意：众所周知，考古学是解开中国悠久文明的一把钥匙。此处表泛指“一把钥匙”，且key发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
2．考查形容词。句意：使现代中国考古学特别有吸引力的是它与人工智能的融合。“make sth. + adj.”表示“使某物……”，空处应用形容词attractive，作宾语补足语。故填attractive。
3．考查定语从句。句意：人工智能技术，其中许多由中国研究团队独立开发，正在彻底改变考古学家的工作方式。“many f ______ have been independently develped by Chinese research teams”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词AI technlgies，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
4．考查介词。句意：人工智能系统不仅具有丰富的数据分析能力，而且在应用于文物修复时效率极高。be rich in为固定短语，表示“在……方面丰富”。故填in。
5．考查状语从句中的省略。句意：人工智能系统不仅具有丰富的数据分析能力，而且在应用于文物修复时效率极高。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，或从句主语为it且从句含有be动词时，可以省略状语从句的主语和be动词。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子为when they are applied t the restratin f cultural relics，省略they are，保留过去分词。故填applied。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了帮助考古学家在几小时内对数以万计的出土碎片进行分类，人工智能大大缩短了研究周期，提高了修复的准确性。此处为非谓语动词，作目的状语，用动词不定式，且句首单词，首字母应大写。故填T help。
7．考查名词。句意：一个显著的好处是，考古学家和人工智能专家之间的合作可以突破传统手工工作的限制。本空为that引导的表语从句的主语，用名词cperatin“合作”。故填cperatin。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管外国的人工智能技术很先进，但中国机构开发的人工智能工具是根据中国考古遗址的特点量身定制的，这表明它们在保护文化遗产方面发挥了有效作用。本句谓语为are tailred，此处为非谓语动词，the AI tls与develp之间是被动关系，用过去分词develped，作后置定语，修饰the AI tls。故填develped。
9．考查副词。句意：尽管外国的人工智能技术很先进，但中国机构开发的人工智能工具是根据中国考古遗址的特点量身定制的，这表明它们在保护文化遗产方面发挥了有效作用。此处修饰动词functining，应用副词effectively，作状语。故填effectively。
10．考查感叹句。句意：随着中国越来越重视文化遗产保护，人工智能考古学正受到全球关注，因为国际学术界已经意识到将尖端技术与考古研究相结合具有多么重大的意义。“______ great significance it is t cmbine cutting-edge technlgy with archaelgical research”为感叹句作宾语，感叹的中心词为名词significance，应用what引导。故填what。
3.（现代科技）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has made significant prgress tward 1 (realize) its visin f “space farming”, with a grundbreaking experiment cnducted by Chngqing University prviding crucial supprt fr this effrt.
Recently, a team led by Prfessr Xie Gengxin, 2 was the directr f the Space Science and Technlgy Research Institute at Chngqing University, successfully hatched a butterfly pupa (蛹) 3 an unmanned, micrgravity space envirnment.
During a news cnference n Mnday, the university annunced the success f the “ShennngKaiwu 2” Space Ecsystem Experiment, which 4 (carry) by AZSPACE’s Dier-5 Space Experimenter and launched abard the Kuaizhu-11 Y8 carrier rcket frm the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Nrthwest China n Dec 13, 2025. After 5 launch, the paylad entered lw Earth rbit, marking the beginning f the in-rbit bi-test missin. “The space butterfly has successfully cmpleted 6 (it) critical life stage transfrmatin, frm pupa t adult,” Xie said.
Phts 7 (take) in space shw the butterfly mving inside the capsule, demnstrating ntable 8 (adapt) t the micrgravity envirnment. The butterfly lived fr several days, either flying freely 9 ccasinally resting n plant leaves within a cntainer.
Xie envisins a future where space farming culd use space resurces fr agricultural prductin, with butterflies 10 (ptential) playing a rle in pllinatin (传粉). This visin extends t the pssibility f establishing farms n the Mn and Mars, pening the way fr lng-term human presence in space.
【答案】
1．realizing 2．wh 3．in 4．was carried 5．the 6．its 7．taken 8．adaptatin 9．r 10．ptentially
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍中国在太空农业领域的重要进展，重庆大学成功实现太空蝶蛹孵化及其重要意义。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国在实现“太空农业”愿景方面取得重大进展，重庆大学开展的开创性实验为此提供关键支撑。此处位于介词tward后，后接动名词形式，所以用realizing。故填realizing。
2．考查定语从句。句意：近日，由重庆大学空间科学与技术研究院院长谢更新教授带领的团队，在无人微重力太空环境中成功孵化蝶蛹。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Prfessr Xie Gengxin指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词wh。故填wh。
3．考查介词。句意：近日，由重庆大学空间科学与技术研究院院长谢更新教授带领的团队，在无人微重力太空环境中成功孵化蝶蛹。此处表示“在……环境中”，所以用介词in。故填in。
4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：周一新闻发布会上，该校宣布“神农开物2号”太空生态实验取得成功，该实验搭载于遨智空间的第尔5号太空实验器，于2025年12月13日在酒泉卫星发射中心由快舟十一号遥八运载火箭发射升空。此处为谓语动词，结合“n Dec 13, 2025”可知，此处描述过去的动作，且与主语之间为被动关系，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语which指代实验，为单数，所以用was carried。故填was carried。
5．考查冠词。句意：发射后，载荷进入近地轨道，标志着在轨生物试验任务正式启动。此处特指前文提到的火箭发射，用定冠词the。故填the。
6．考查代词。句意：谢更新表示，太空蝴蝶已成功完成从蛹到成虫的关键生命阶段蜕变。此处修饰名词短语critical life stage transfrmatin，用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：太空拍摄的照片显示蝴蝶在舱内活动，展现出对微重力环境的显著适应能力。此处为非谓语动词作定语，Phts与take为被动关系，所以用过去分词taken。故填taken。
8．考查名词。句意：太空拍摄的照片显示蝴蝶在舱内活动，展现出对微重力环境的显著适应能力。此处作demnstrating的宾语，用adapt的名词形式adaptatin意为“适应”。故填adaptatin。
9．考查连词。句意：这只蝴蝶存活数日，时而自由飞舞，时而停歇在容器内的植物叶片上。此处为固定搭配，意为“要么……要么……”，所以用连词r。故填r。
10．考查副词。句意：谢更新展望未来，太空农业可利用太空资源开展农业生产，蝴蝶有望在传粉方面发挥作用。此处修饰动词playing，用ptential的副词形式ptentially。故填ptentially。
4.（环境保护）（2026届青海西宁市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试高三年级复习检测（一））
China has adpted a cmprehensive apprach t wetland prtectin by building the wrld’s 1 (large) number f internatinal wetland cities and frming glbal partnerships. As 2 result, the success f its cnservatin effrts has benefited bth its bidiversity and the health f crss-brder ecsystems.
This wrk is visible in bth the latest prgress and lng-term utcmes. China has 3 (recent) added 22 wetlands - including the Genheyuan Wetland in the Inner Mnglia Autnmus Regin and the Jiushan Islands in Zhejiang Prvince - t its list f sites f natinal imprtance, 4 (bring) the ttal t 80. This expansin, alngside the intrductin f China’s first specialized law n wetland prtectin, marks a significant milestne in its eclgical effrts and 5 (reflect) its sustained dedicatin t cnservatin.
These measures have prduced 6 (remark) results. China is nw hme t 82 wetlands 7 (recgnize) as f internatinal imprtance and 22 internatinal wetland cities. Meanwhile, the cuntry has added r restred mre than 1 millin hectares f wetlands natinwide.
Ultimately, thrugh these actins, China is demnstrating t the wrld 8 t bring nature back int cities and design new urban areas 9 are better at absrbing rainwater, allwing the natural water cycle 10 (functin).
【答案】
1．largest 2．a 3．recently 4．bringing 5．reflects 6．remarkable 7．recgnized 8．hw 9．that/which 10．t functin
【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国在湿地保护方面采取的综合措施、取得的成果以及对全球生态保护的示范意义。
1．考查形容词最高级。句意：中国通过建设世界上数量最多的国际湿地城市并建立全球合作关系，对湿地保护采取了全面的方法。根据空前的the及语境可知，此处表示“数量最多”，应用形容词large的最高级形式largest。故填largest。
2．考查冠词。句意：因此，其保护工作的成功既有利于生物多样性，也有利于跨境生态系统的健康。as a result为固定短语，意为“因此，结果”。故填a。
3．考查副词。句意：中国最近又将22处湿地——包括内蒙古自治区的根河源湿地和浙江省的韭山列岛——列入国家重要湿地名录，使总数达到80处。此处修饰动词added，应用副词recently，意为“最近”。故填recently。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国最近又将22处湿地——包括内蒙古自治区的根河源湿地和浙江省的韭山列岛——列入国家重要湿地名录，使总数达到80处。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面整个句子的内容与bring之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词bringing，表示自然而然的结果。故填bringing。
5．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这次扩张，连同中国首部湿地保护专门法律的出台，标志着其生态保护工作的一个重要里程碑，也反映了其对保护工作的持续投入。此处与marks并列作谓语，描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语This expansin为第三人称单数，所以动词用第三人称单数形式reflects。故填reflects。
6．考查形容词。句意：这些措施已经产生了显著的效果。此处修饰名词results，应用形容词remarkable，意为“显著的，非凡的”。故填remarkable。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国目前拥有82处被认定为具有国际重要意义的湿地和22个国际湿地城市。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语，wetlands与recgnize之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词recgnized，表示“被认定的”。故填recgnized。
8．考查特殊疑问词+不定式。句意：最终，通过这些行动，中国正在向世界展示如何将自然带回城市，并设计出更善于吸收雨水的新城区，让自然水循环得以发挥作用。根据语境及句子结构可知，此处表示“如何”，应用特殊疑问词hw与后面的动词不定式构成“hw t d”结构，作demnstrating的宾语。故填hw。
9．考查定语从句。句意：最终，通过这些行动，中国正在向世界展示如何将自然带回城市，并设计出更善于吸收雨水的新城区，让自然水循环得以发挥作用。此处为定语从句修饰先行词new urban areas，先行词在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：最终，通过这些行动，中国正在向世界展示如何将自然带回城市，并设计出更善于吸收雨水的新城区，让自然水循环得以发挥作用。allw sb./sth. t d sth.为固定用法，意为“允许某人/某物做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式t functin。故填t functin。
5.（记叙文—感悟东方智慧）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I d nt visit that café every day, but ften enugh fr it t feel familiar. It is the kind f place peple drift int between cmmitments. On ne such afternn, I shared the space 1 a stranger frm China.
We did nt speak the same language. Our interactin 2 (limit) t nds, small gestures, and uncertain smiles. Hwever, when a small 3 (cnfuse) arse regarding my rder, he stepped in quietly and helped. It was instinctive and unannunced. The kind f act des nt seek recgnitin. We acknwledged each ther with 4 brief smile and returned t ur separate crners.
Reflecting n this encunter, I began t lk fr language t describe 5 I had experienced. I came acrss the Chinese cncept f he, meaning harmny. Harmny, in this sense, is abut cexistence, nt agreement — allwing difference 6 (exist). We did nt struggle t vercme the language barrier; instead, we mved 7 (gentle) arund it. I als encuntered li, r prpriety, 8 (express) thrugh everyday cnducts. The quietness f his gesture, aviding 9 (necessary) attentin, felt in tune with this idea. Finally, the Taist principle f wuwei, r “effrtless actin,” helped me understand why the interactin felt s peaceful. It was nt created thrugh frced intentin 10 thrugh natural grace.
As ne f the mst universal languages we share, kindness needs n translatin.
【答案】
1．with 2．was limited 3．cnfusin 4．a 5．what 6．t exist 7．gently 8．expressed 9．unnecessary 10．but
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者在咖啡馆与一位陌生中国人偶遇，虽语言不通却得到对方善意帮助，并由此感悟到 “和”、“礼”、“无为” 等东方处世智慧，明白善意无需翻译。
1．考查介词。句意：在一个这样的下午，我和一位来自中国的陌生人共处一室。固定搭配share sth. with sb. 表示“与某人分享 / 共用某物”。故填with。
2．考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：我们的交流仅限于点头、微小的手势和拘谨的微笑。事情发生在过去，主语Our interactin与limit为被动关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数。故填was limited。
3．考查名词。句意：然而，当我的点餐出现一点小困惑时，他悄悄上前帮忙。空格前有a small修饰，需要用单数名词，cnfuse的名词形式是cnfusin。故填cnfusin。
4．考查冠词。句意：我们互相对视，微微一笑，然后回到各自的角落。smile是可数名词单数，brief以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a表示泛指。故填a。
5．考查宾语从句。句意：回想这次相遇，我开始寻找语言来描述我所经历的事情。空格引导宾语从句，且从句中 experienced缺少宾语，表示“…… 的事情”，用连接代词what。故填what。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：从这个意义上说，和谐关乎共存，而非一致 —— 允许差异存在。固定搭配allw sb./sth. t d sth.表示“允许…… 做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填t exist。
7．考查副词。句意：我们没有费力克服语言障碍，而是温和地绕开了它。修饰动词mved要用副词，gentle的副词形式是 gently。故填gently。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：我也接触到了“礼”，即通过日常行为体现的分寸与得体。句中已有谓语动词encuntered，故空处需填非谓语动词，li, r prpriety与express是被动关系，表示“被表现出来”，用过去分词作后置定语。故填expressed。
9．考查形容词。句意：他举动的低调，避免了不必要的关注，正契合这一理念。空处需填形容词修饰名词attentin，根据句意此处表示“不必要的”，用 necessary的反义词。故填unnecessary。
10．考查连词。句意：它并非出于刻意的目的，而是源于自然的优雅。固定结构表示“不是…… 而是……”。故填but。
高考考前最后一卷链接 ""
考前指导
2026年高考获胜第一步：培养健康心理
高考考的是知识，是能力，这一点应该没有谁不知道，没有谁不重视；但是，高考也是对考生心理的
考查，知道并且重视的恐怕就不多了。在这里，有必要提醒广大考生与他们的老师和家长：注意培养考生的健康心理，过好“心理关”，对成功参加高考，有着十分重大的意义。
我们常常看到，在高考前的复习过程中，特别是在每年的四、五月份，不少考生会产生一种焦虑、浮躁的情绪，有人戏称为“高考复习综合症”，其“症状”是：心中莫名的烦躁，既害怕高考时间一天天的临近，又巴不得明天就考了算了；他们听课时注意力难以集中，记忆力下降，好像什么都复习了，又好像什么都没记住；失眠、多梦、常有体力不支的感觉；思维迟钝，有时甚至连面对简单题目，头脑都好像出现“断路”现象，不会做了。这一切带来的后果是：信心下降，效率下降，导致各种测试的成绩下降，这又使信心下降，产生严重的恶性循环，对高考十分不利。
为什么会产生这种现象？笔者认为，原因主要有四：
一是当下社会普遍存在浮躁心理给学校、学生和家长都产生不小影响，导致所有相关人员在考前都产生一种十分严重的焦躁心理，大家都在自觉不自觉地制造考前紧迫情绪，这种情况越临近高考与明显。
二是家长和学生对高考的期望值过高，脱离了考生的实际水平。
三是目前我国“一考定终生”的高考制度和严峻的就业形势对考生的压力太大，超过了考生的承受能力。
四是随着复习过程的一步步进展，要求考生尽快形成厚积薄发的态势，加快把知识转化为能力的步伐，部分考生一时不能适应这种要求，因而产生焦虑和急躁的情绪。
怎样改变这种状况，过好“心理关”，把“高考复习综合症”治好？关键在于增强信心，培养健康心理。办法主要有两点：
一、学会善于从纵向和横向两方面客观积极地、正确真实地认识和评价自己
所谓“纵向”，就是自己和自己比，自己的现在和自己的以前比，在比较中发现自己的进步，在比较中增强自己的信心。特别是从考前两个来月开始，各科教师在复习过程中，一定要尽力用考试或作业、辅导等各种方式向学生多提供一些有利于增强信心的信息，经常表扬学生，让学生心情愉快，受到鼓舞。所谓“横向”，指的是学生对各科知识的掌握情况。教师在复习方法上，要更加注意科学性和有效性，要设法让学生把学科中的薄弱环节转换成努力的目标，转换成一步步进步的台阶。即使是发现了学生知识的缺陷、漏洞或欠缺，都既要给学生补正，更要注意方式方法。这样，学生的焦虑和急躁就可以逐步转化为愉悦和信心。在这里，“形式”甚至比“知识内容”更为重要。
二、明白知识从积累到释放的演变道理
从复习到考试的过程，是知识网络的形成过程，是将知识转化为能力的过程，也可以说是能量积累到能量释放的过程。在这个过程中，考生的心态便是一剂很重要的催化剂。心态越好，知识与能力的转化就越完全，越充分，因而也就越完美。良好的心态来自于充足的信心。因此，相信自己、长自己的志气便显得十分重要。一些考生在考场上一碰上难题就左顾右盼，看见别人总在写，就总以为别人比自己行，这在心态上就先输了一分，是考场大忌。须知，你不会做的别人也很可能不会做，而你会做的别人却不一定会做。这种考试心态一定要建立。另外，老师和家长也要鼓励学生注意以下规律：“取法其上，得乎其中；取法其中，得乎其下。”在考前，如果只是鼓励学生“别害怕，别怯场”，这只是一种下策；鼓励学生“正常发挥”，这也只能算是中策；只有鼓励学生“超常发挥，尽情释放”，才是最好的上策！
此外必须指出的是，克服“高考复习综合症”绝不单单是考生一方面的事，需要教师和家长（甚至社会各方面）的共同努力和关注。在这里，过分的关心和过多的指责，都是绝对不行的，决定地需要的是科学的态度和方法。我们不能只注重了知识而忽视了心理，一定要把对心理的重视提高到应有的地步。
2026高三冲刺阶段英语怎么复习备考更高效
一、听力理解：适应真实场景，强化推理能力
2026年新课标卷听力语速加快，语料更贴近真实生活场景（如校园活动、社会热点），且选项提炼更灵活，需快速抓取关键信息并推理隐含意义。
应对策略：
1.真题精练：每天用2025年全国一、二I卷听力材料限时训练（1.25倍速），重点听数字、转折词（but/hwever）及说话者态度词（dubtful/surprised）。
2.场景词汇：整理高频场景词（如环保、科技、传统文化），贴在书桌反复记忆，例如sustainability（可持续性）、infrmative（有教育意义的）。
3.影子跟读：模仿原声音频的语调、连读，提升语感。例如，听高考真题尝试同步复述，强化短期记忆。
二、高考词汇：攻克熟词生义，活用高频词
近年试题频繁考查熟词生义（如address作“解决”）、派生词（如accessible→inaccessible），学生易因词义固化失分。
应对策略：
1.真题溯源：做阅读时划出生词，结合上下文猜词义并记录到“错词本”。例如，2024年新课标II卷中“restratin”结合语境应译为“修复”而非“休息”。
2.词根词缀法：拆分单词记忆，如“un+predict+able=不可预测的”，搭配例句（如The result was unpredictable）。
3.高频词分类：按主题整理词汇（如传统文化：heritage, ceremny, artifact），每天背诵20个，结合造句巩固。
三、高考语法：突破长难句，聚焦核心考点
新课标卷语法填空侧重复杂句式（如非谓语作状语、定语从句），学生常因句子结构分析不清而失分。
应对策略：
1.长难句拆解：每天精析2-3个真题长难句，用不同颜色标出主句、从句、修饰成分。例如：“The sculpture, which was built t hnr Tang Xianzu, reflects the cultural exchange between China and the UK.”（定语从句修饰“The sculpture”）。
2.语法专项：针对薄弱点（如虚拟语气、时态嵌套）做真题训练，整理错题本并标注错误类型（如“时态误用”“连词缺失”）。
3.口诀记忆：如mecarfipsd“霉咖啡不是的”，强化记忆只能接不定式或动名词作宾语的用法。
四、阅读理解：提升逻辑推理，强化主题意识
阅读理解侧重科普类、文化类文本，题目要求分析作者意图、推断隐含意义，学生易陷入细节而忽略整体逻辑。
应对策略：
1.限时速读：每天2篇阅读（15分钟/篇），先读题再定位关键词（如专有名词、数字），避免逐字翻译。
2.结构分析法：读首尾段+每段首句，总结文章框架。例如，议论文先找论点（通常在首段），说明文梳理步骤（如“步骤一→步骤二”）。
3.同义替换训练：整理真题中的同义词（如significant→crucial），做题时快速对应。例如，题干问“Why did the authr ”，答案可能在文中用t emphasize..表达。
五、书面表达：融合文化元素，提升思辨性
新课标卷写作要求结合中国文化（如传统节日、科技成就）或社会热点，学生常因内容空洞、句式单一得分不高。
应对策略：
1.仿写升级：模仿2024年新课标I卷作文结构（如“分享美术课经历”），替换高级词汇（如“describe→illustrate”）和复杂句（倒装句、定语从句）。
2.文化素材库：积累传统文化关键词（如calligraphy, tea ceremny），写作时自然融入。例如，介绍春节习俗：During Spring Festival, families gather t make dumplings, a symbl f reunin.
3.逻辑强化：写作前列提纲，确保每段有主题句+支撑句+总结句。例如，议论文结构：观点→论据1（举例）→论据2（数据）→结论。
六、心态与应试技巧：稳扎稳打，避免失误
冲刺阶段易焦虑，模拟考成绩波动大，细节失误（如听力漏听、拼写错误）影响信心。
应对策略：
1.模拟考场：每周一次全真模拟（严格计时），训练时间分配。例如，阅读每篇限时12分钟，留3分钟检查。
2.错题归因：将错题分为“粗心失误”“知识盲区”“思维误区”三类，针对性解决。例如，“粗心失误”类贴便签提醒，“知识盲区”重背知识点。
3.积极暗示：每天早晨默念“我能稳住细节”，睡前回顾当天进步（如“听力多对了3题”）。
考中实战
2026高考英语规范答题七大提醒
一、考试进场宜早不宜晚
1. 确保8号中午午休半小时下午状态最佳。
2. 牢记8号下午2:30进场，2:45不能进场。
3. 听力之后按照自己最熟悉做题顺序进行。
4. 穿最喜欢衣服，适当保暖防止空调低温。
二、听力不听必涂策略（适合高考听力作为参考省份）
1. 结合个人实际听力未必要听但一定记住涂卡。
2. 建议前8题认真倾听，后边可以随机选择B。
3. 听力期间能否作答其余试题视考场氛围而定。
4. 总成绩相同排序原则是按语文数学英语听力。
三、高考听力满分策略（适合高考听力计入总分省份）
1. 建议中午试听2023年新高考听力1-2遍预热。
2. 要跳过听力说明提前预览选项预判听力内容。
3. 个别地方没有听清楚不要纠结学会快速转场。
4. 听力结束后快速涂卡检查为后续奠定好基础。
四、阅读理解满分策略
1. 遵循自前而后，先易后难，不好处理不妨跳过。
2. 结合题干回归原文找答题区间，留下做题痕迹。
3. 遇到两个纠结选项时注意结合题干选项抠字眼。
4. 相信第一感觉不轻易更改答案，除非确实错误。
五、阅读七选五满分策略
1. 要注意通读全文把握大意，有标题要善加利用。
2. 留意挖空位置和前后逻辑， 学会瞻前顾后作答。
3. 重视词语复现和代词逻辑，避免答案交叉错误。
4. 段中句频率高难度大易出错，重视前后句逻辑。
六、完形填空满分策略
1. 通读第一遍大意模糊不妨再读一遍则其义自现。
2. 有疑问选项做好标记，最后集中精力重点突破。
3. 瞻前顾后，逻辑贯通，重视词语复现前后照应。
4. 熟词生义联想熟义，涂卡后防止错涂漏涂串行。
五、语法填空满分策略
1. 考前注意复习不规则动词以及名词形容词转换。
2. 动词变形三方向谓语时态语态非谓语词类转换。
3. 重视一次变形和同一考点不重复考查两个理念。
4. 自由填空以介冠连代为主，做题留痕重视搭配。
六、应用文写作满分策略
1. 练就衡中体，高度宽度倾斜度统一饱满圆润。
2. 三段式结构，首段点题次段条理清尾段照应。
3. 正确优先，必要时学会迂回变通不熟悉单词。
4. 熟背各类书信体及通知活动报道类高频句式。
七、读后续写满分策略
1. 快读材料把握大意，圈划关键细节确定主旨。
2. 利用两个段首句谋划段落走向和细节性衔接。
3. 刻意使用无灵主语独立主格结构非谓语倒装。
4. 重视结尾紧扣文章主题升华主旨及卷面颜值。
考场中的十大答题技巧
一、难题先跳过，手热好得分
考生如果遇到开考时不顺，不要在个别题目上多做纠缠，建议果断跳过这些题目往后面做，其实大脑也像机器，需要预热!在我们思路打开之后，答题会很顺利，之前拿不准的题也很好上手。
二、开头最易错，回头可救分
“基础题得分和丢分都很容易。”越容易的题越要仔细。不能出现会而不对，会而不全的错误。
特别是做选择题时，建议无论题目多么简单，都要保证做完后再检查一遍，确保会做的题目不出错。
三、时间很宝贵，掐表做综合
对于选考考试的时间，一定要学会合理分配时间。
选考科目的答题没必要刻意按照统一的答题模式，但最好分学科进行，不交叉答题。答题顺序，应该是先做自己最拿手的科目。
四、审题别偷懒，用时别吝啬
“如果考生不集中精力仔细审题，一不留神就丢分。”建议考生，要留意题目的所有条件，不要小看题干中的每个隐含条件和细节，尤其是文科综合更是重在审题。因为文科综合里的选择题干扰项特别多。建议考生高考答题就算遇到再熟悉的题目，也要坚持把题目审完再做答。
五、相信第一感，改动需谨慎
第一感觉很重要，尤其是语文、英语两科。没有十足的把握，不要轻易改动。作文写作时，应该打草稿，一旦确定了基本框架和思路，就一路写下去，不要做大段修改、调整。
六、步骤写清楚，分分要计较
解答题给分方式是“分步给分”，题目再难，每个题目中的条件总是可以推导出结论，实在不行，写出题中应该用到的公式，也可能有得分点。尤其是数学和物理考试中，很多大题是按照步骤给分的。
七、答题看规则，草稿要规范
打草稿也应注意技巧，特别是理科考生打草稿千万不要马虎。最好也排好顺序并在草稿边写上题号，同时也要简单写下计算公式和计算过程。这样检查时，考生能快速的检查答题思路及过程。
八、字迹要工整，书写颜值高
书写也是最容易导致失分的非智力因素。特别是文科考生，答题书写量很大，有时字迹潦草不清，会影响评卷效果，如果涉及到得分点，很可能因此而失分。
九、积极暗示多，发挥易超常
考生如果进入考场无法平静，建议考生先深呼吸三秒，一定要多做点放松式的心理暗示。相信我们经过平时的训练，考生已对各种类型的题目做过反复准备。碰到难题时，要相信自己，回忆一下平时有关的训练题目，可能会有意想不到的收获。
十、保持好心态，平常心对待
高考前，考生肯定已经经历过很多次统考、模考、校考，建议考生临场不要慌乱，保持良好的心态。用平常心对待考试，最能正常发挥，甚至超常发挥。
考后疏导
聚焦可控因素：志愿填报
有同学们问：“老师，万一我考砸了，志愿都没法填了怎么办？” 其实换个角度想：高考成绩是我们目前无法改变的 “变量”，但志愿填报却是我们完全可以掌控的 “主动选择”。今天我们就用“可控思维”，提前为志愿填报做准备。
一、先搞懂：志愿填报的核心逻辑是什么？
举个真实案例：2022届学生小夏，高考成绩580分（超本科线135分），当时她的目标有两个：一是去外省读综合类大学的冷门专业，二是留在省内读双非院校的王牌专业。后来我们一起分析：她擅长数据分析，未来想从事金融行业。省内双非院校的 “统计学”专业是国家级特色专业，且与本地金融机构有校企合作项目。最终她选择后者，大四时通过校招进入银行实习，毕业即就业。
关键结论：志愿填报不是 “分数换学校” 的简单交易，而是“用现有分数，为未来职业发展铺路” 的战略选择。
二、现在能做的三件事：把主动权握在手里
（一）制作“专业-兴趣匹配表”
操作建议：每天花10分钟，通过“学习强国”职业教育板块、各高校招生网“专业介绍”栏目，积累3 - 5个专业的具体信息（如核心课程、就业方向）。比如浙江大学“机器人工程”专业，课程包括《人工智能导论》《机器人动力学与控制》，毕业生可进入大疆、小米汽车等企业。
（二）研究 “三位一体” 录取规则
以浙江省为例，2024年复旦大学 “三位一体”招生中，某考生高考成绩645分（裸分需680分），但凭借竞赛获奖+面试优秀，最终被录取。如果你有学科竞赛、艺术特长等 “加分项”，现在就可以梳理：
哪些高校的“三位一体”/“强基计划”接受我的特长？（如中国传媒大学对艺术类考生有特殊通道）
往年录取案例中，综合分计算方式是怎样的？（比如“高考分占60%+校测占30%+学业水平考试占 10%”）
行动清单：本周内整理出5所“冲刺型”（分数略高于你）、5所“稳妥型”（分数匹配）、5所“保底型”（分数略低）院校，标注它们的特殊招生渠道。
（三）模拟填报：用 “假设分数” 练手
假设你高考成绩为XX分（可根据最近三次模拟考取平均值），尝试在“省教育考试院志愿填报系统”（可登录官网查看模拟版）中填报：
冲一冲：选择2024年录取最低分≈XX+5分的院校专业组
例：XX=550分，可看2024年录取线553分的“XX师范大学汉语言文学专业”
稳一稳：选择2024年录取最低分≈XX分的院校专业组
例：“XX财经大学财务管理专业” 2024年录取线550分
保一保：选择 2024年录取最低分≈XX-8分的院校专业组
例：“XX文理学院英语专业” 2024年录取线542分
注意事项：每个院校专业组内，至少选择3个“不排斥” 的专业，并勾选“服从调剂”。通过模拟，你会发现：即使分数不理想，依然有多种组合方式，主动权始终在你手中。
三、考前特别提醒：别让焦虑偷走你的“可控力”
去年有位考生小吴，考前一周反复纠结“考不好怎么办”，结果语文考试时大脑空白，作文只写了一半。其实他后来的成绩达到了二本线，但因为考前过度焦虑，浪费了本可以用来准备志愿的时间。
老师想对你说：现在每多花一分钟担心 “不可控的分数”，就少一分钟准备 “可控的选择”。不如把精力集中在：
每天整理 1 个专业的详细资料（如武汉大学 “遥感科学与技术”专业，全球排名第一）
记录3所院校的特殊招生要求（如哈尔滨工业大学“强基计划”招物理竞赛生）
练习用 “分数 ±5 分” 做志愿组合方案
同学们，当你把注意力从“不可控的恐惧”转移到“可控的行动”上，就会发现：原来高考后的选择，远比你想象的更丰富。明天考语文，记得拿到试卷先深呼吸，把第一道现代文阅读题当作 “志愿填报前的信息筛选训练”——你看，每一个当下，都在为未来铺路。
高考只是人生一站：建立“可控思维”和“成长型心态”
“要是考砸了，我的人生就完了。”每次听到这样的话，老师心里都很不是滋味。今天我们就来聊聊——高考，到底意味着什么？​一、它是重要的 “一站”，但不是唯一的 “终点”​
有位叫小林的同学，考前两个月模拟考成绩突然下滑，每天失眠焦虑，觉得“考不上985就没前途”。后来我们一起分析他的情况：他擅长编程，曾在信息学竞赛中获奖。我告诉他：“高考是展示能力的平台，但你的编程才华不会因为一场考试被否定。”最终他调整心态，考上了省内普通本科，但凭借大学期间开发的校园服务小程序，毕业时拿到了互联网大厂的ffer。老师想告诉大家：高考像高速公路上的一个服务区，你可以在这里休整、补充能量，但前方还有无数风景等待你发现。去年毕业的小周同学，高考数学失误只考了92分，但她后来在考研时数学拿到高分，逆袭进入985高校读研。人生不是百米冲刺，而是一场马拉松。​
二、那些“没考好”的人，后来都怎么样了？​
给大家讲三个真实故事：​
故事一：2018 届毕业生阿远，高考因紧张作文跑题，最终去了专科。但他在校期间考取了导游资格证，毕业后成为资深旅游博主，带网友走遍全国56个民族聚居地，现在全网粉丝超百万。​
故事二：小丁同学，当年高考差3分与理想院校失之交臂，却在普本院校遇到了改变她人生的导师。导师带她做非遗保护项目，如今她已是省级非遗传承人，作品被博物馆收藏。​
故事三：科技圈知名企业家王兴，高考考上清华大学，但他的创业之路并非一帆风顺。从校内网到美团，他经历过多次失败，但每次都能重新出发。他说：“高考教会我的不是‘必须成功’，而是‘学会面对失败’。”​
这些例子告诉我们：决定人生高度的，从来不是某一场考试，而是你面对生活的态度和持续成长的能力。​
三、考前三天，你可以这样做​
每天给自己写三行 “成功日记”：
比如“今天正确解析了一道复杂的文言文虚词题”“作文素材又记住了一个新案例”，用具体的小成就积累信心。​
模拟考场突发情况预案：
提前设想“如果遇到没见过的题型怎么办”—— 可以在草纸上先列答题框架，或深呼吸30秒让自己冷静。有备而来，才能临危不乱。​
给未来的自己写封信：
用“亲爱的____（未来的自己）”开头，写下“无论高考结果如何，我希望你依然保持____（比如‘对知识的热爱’‘探索世界的勇气’）”。这封信会让你看清：比分数更重要的，是你不变的初心。​
同学们，走进考场时，请记住：你手里的笔不是“决定命运的刀”，而是“书写人生的笔”。无论今天你是紧张还是从容，老师都为你骄傲 —— 因为这三年，你已经拼尽全力，这份坚持本身，就值得点赞。
以下动词以t结尾，直接加-in变名词：
1.
abstract
v. 提取；抽取
→
abstractin
n. 抽象；提取；分离
2.
addict
v. 使沉溺；使上瘾
→
addictin
n. 入迷；嗜好
3.
adpt
v. 采纳；收养
→
adptin
n. 收养；领养
4.
attract
v. 吸引
→
attractin
n. 有吸引力的食物
5.
cllect
v. 收集；采集
→
cllectin
n. 收集；收藏
6.
cnduct
v. 实施；指挥；传导
→
cnductin
n. 传导
7.
cnstruct
v. 建筑；建造
→
cnstructin
n. 建筑；建造
8.
crrect
v. 纠正；改正
→
crrectin
n. 改正；纠正
9.
crrupt
v. 腐化；堕落
→
crruptin
n. 腐败；贪污
10.
destruct
v. 破坏
→
destructin
n. 破坏
11.
digest
v. 消化；领会
→
digestin
n. 消化
12.
direct
v. 管理；指示
→
directin
n. 方向；方位
13.
edit
v. 编辑；编选
→
editin
n. 版本；版次
14.
elect
v. 选举；推选
→
electin
n. 选举；推选
15.
erupt
v. 爆发
→
eruptin
n. 爆发
16.
exhibit
v. 展览；展现
→
exhibitin
n. 展览；展示
17.
inject
v. 注射；投入
→
injectin
n. 注射；注入
18.
interrupt
v. 打扰；中断
→
interruptin
n. 中断；打断
19.
invent
v. 发明；创造
→
inventin
n. 发明物
20.
bject
v. 反对；不同意
→
bjectin
n. 反对
21.
predict
v. 预测
→
predictin
n. 预测
22.
prevent
v. 阻止；预防
→
preventin
n. 预防；防范
23.
prhibit
v. 禁止；阻止
→
prhibitin
n. 禁止；阻止
24.
prtect
v. 保护
→
prtectin
n. 保护
25.
react
v. 反应
→
reactin
n. 反应
26.
reject
v. 反对
→
rejectin
n. 反对
27.
restrict
v. 限制
→
restrictin
n. 限制；约束
28.
select
v. 选择
→
selectin
n. 选择
29.
suggest
v. 建议；表明
→
suggestin
n. 建议
以下动词以te结尾，去字母e加-in变名词:
30.
cngratulate
v. 祝贺；恭贺
→
cngratulatin
n. 恭贺；恭喜
31.
accelerate
v. 加速；加快
→
acceleratin
n. 加速度
32.
accumulate
v. 积累；积聚
→
accumulatin
n. 积累；积聚
33.
administrate
v. 管理；支配
→
administratin
n. 管理；行政
34.
alternate
v. 交替；轮流
→
alternatin
n. 交替；变换；间隔
35.
anticipate
v. 预料；预期
→
anticipatin
n. 预料；预计
36.
appreciate
v. 感激；欣赏
→
appreciatin
n. 感激；欣赏
37.
assciate
v. 联系；交往；联合
→
assciatin
n. 关联，联系；协会
38.
calculate
v. 计算
→
calculatin
n. 计算
39.
celebrate
v. 庆祝；庆贺
→
celebratin
n. 庆典；庆祝活动
40.
circulate
v. 循环
→
circulatin
n. 循环；传递
41.
cmmunicate
v. 交流；沟通
→
cmmunicatin
n. 交流；沟通
42.
cmpensate
v. 补偿；赔偿
→
cmpensatin
n. 赔偿
43.
cmplete
v. 完成；结束
→
cmpletin
n. 完成；结束
44.
cncentrate
v. 聚精会神；集中注意力
→
cncentratin
n. 专心；专注
45.
cntribute
v. 捐献；贡献
→
cntributin
n. 贡献
46.
create
v. 创作；创造
→
creatin
n. 创作；创造
47.
cultivate
v. 培育；栽培
→
cultivatin
n. 栽培；耕种
48.
decrate
v. 装饰；装修
→
decratin
n. 装饰物
49.
delete
v. 删除
→
deletin
n. 删除
50.
demnstrate
v. 演示；证明
→
demnstratin
n. 演示；论证
51.
devte
v. 奉献；致力于
→
devtin
n. 奉献；忠诚；专心
52.
dictate
v. 口述
→
dictatin
n. 口述；听写
53.
discriminate
v. 歧视；区别对待
→
discriminatin
n. 歧视
54.
distribute
v. 分发；分配
→
distributin
n. 分发；分配
55.
dminate
v. 支配；控制
→
dminatin
n. 统治；控制
56.
dnate
v. 捐赠；赠送
→
dnatin
n. 捐赠物；捐赠
57.
educate
v. 教育
→
educatin
n. 教育
58.
estimate
v. 估计；股价
→
estimatin
n. 评估；判断
59.
evaluate
v. 估计；评估
→
evaluatin
n. 评估；估计
60.
generate
v. 产生；引起
→
generatin
n. 一代人；同辈人
61.
hesitate
v. 犹豫
→
hesitatin
n. 犹豫
62.
indicate
v. 显示；表明
→
indicatin
n. 表明；标示
63.
innvate
v. 创新
→
innvatin
n. 创新
64.
investigate
v. 调查；研究
→
investigatin
n. 调查
65.
irrigate
v. 灌溉
→
irrigatin
n. 灌溉
66.
islate
v. 隔离；使孤立
→
islatin
n. 隔离
67.
lcate
v. 定位；置于
→
lcatin
n. 地点；位置
68.
migrate
v. 迁徙；移居
→
migratin
n. 迁徙；移居
69.
mtivate
v. 激励；激发
→
mtivatin
n. 动力；动机
70.
negtiate
v. 谈判；磋商
→
negtiatin
n. 谈判；磋商
71.
perate
v. 运转；操作
→
peratin
n. 操作；手术
72.
participate
v. 参加；参与
→
participatin
n. 参加
73.
pllute
v. 污染
→
pllutin
n. 污染
74.
prmte
v. 促进；提升；提倡
→
prmtin
n. 提升；促进
75.
regulate
v. 规定；管理
→
regulatin
n. 规则；法规；管理
76.
relate
v. 关联；相关
→
relatin
n. 关系
77.
separate
v. 分离；分隔
→
separatin
n. 分隔；分离
78.
stimulate
v. 刺激
→
stimulatin
n. 刺激
79.
translate
v. 翻译
→
translatin
n. 翻译
以下动词以ce结尾，去字母e加-tin变名词：
80.
prduce
v. 生产；产生
→
prductin
n. 生产
81.
reprduce
v. 繁殖
→
reprductin
n. 繁殖
82.
intrduce
v. 介绍；引入
→
intrductin
n. 介绍；引入
83.
deduce
v. 推论；演绎
→
deductin
n. 推论；演绎
以下动词以d结尾，去字母d加-tin变名词：
84.
intend
v. 打算，意图
→
intentin
n. 打算，意图
以下动词以ze结尾，去字母se加-tin变名词：
85.
recgnize
v. 辨认；认可
→
recgnitin
n. 辨认；认可
以下动词以ve结尾，变字母ve为u加-tin变名词：
86.
slve
v. 解决
→
slutin
n. 解决方法
87.
evlve
v. 发展；进化
→
evlutin
n. 进化
88.
reslve
v. 决心；决意
→
reslutin
n. 决心；决定
以下动词直接加-atin变名词：
1.
adapt
v. 适应；改编
→
adaptatin
n. 适应；改编
2.
cnfirm
v. 证实；确认
→
cnfirmatin
n. 证实；确认书
3.
cnsider
v. 考虑；认为
→
cnsideratin
n. 考虑；深思
4.
cnsult
v. 咨询；询问
→
cnsultatin
n. 咨询
5.
frm
v. 形成；产生
→
frmatin
n. 组成；形成
6.
fund
v. 创办；创建
→
fundatin
n. 基础
7.
implement
v. 执行，实施；贯彻
→
implementatin
n. 执行；履行
8.
infrm
v. 通知；通告
→
infrmatin
n. 信息；消息
9.
install
v. 安装；设置
→
installatin
n. 安装；设置
10.
limit
v. 限制；限定；限量
→
limitatin
n. 限制；控制
11.
rient
v. 朝向；面对
→
rientatin
n. 方向；目标；定向
12.
present
v. 展示；授予
→
presentatin
n. 演示；发布会
13.
recmmend
v. 推荐；建议，劝告
→
recmmendatin
n. 推荐
14.
refrm
v. 改革；改进；改良
→
refrmatin
n. 改革；改进
15.
relax
v. 放松；休息
→
relaxatin
n. 放松；休息
16.
represent
v. 代表
→
representatin
n. 代表
17.
transfrm
v. 使改变
→
transfrmatin
n. 转变；改革
18.
transplant
v. 移植
→
transplantatin
n. 移植
19.
transprt
v. 运送；输送
→
transprtatin
n. 运输
以下动词去字母e，再加-atin变名词：
20.
accuse
v. 控诉，控告；谴责
→
accusatin
n. 控诉，控告；谴责
21.
admire
v. 敬佩，仰慕；欣赏
→
admiratin
n. 敬佩，仰慕；欣赏
22.
adre
v. 崇拜，爱慕；热爱
→
adratin
n. 热爱；崇拜
23.
centralize
v. 集中
→
centralizatin
n. 集中化
24.
civilize
v. 教化；使文明
→
civilizatin
n. 文明
25.
clnize
v. 殖民
→
clnizatin
n. 殖民；移植
26.
cmbine
v. 使结合；组合；联合
→
cmbinatin
n. 结合体；联合体
27.
cnserve
v. 保护；保藏
→
cnservatin
n. 保护；保藏
28.
cntinue
v. 持续；继续
→
cntinuatin
n. 继续；延续
29.
declare
v. 公布；宣布
→
declaratin
n. 公布；宣告
30.
determine
v. 决定；决定做
→
determinatin
n. 决心；意志力
31.
explre
v. 探索；探险
→
explratin
n. 探索；探险
32.
fertilize
v. 施肥
→
fertilizatin
n. 施肥
33.
glbalize
v. 使全球化
→
glbalizatin
n. 全球化
34.
imagine
v. 想像；设想
→
imaginatin
n. 想象力
35.
industrialize
v. 使工业化
→
industrializatin
n. 工业化
36.
invite
v. 邀请
→
invitatin
n. 邀请；请柬
37.
lcalize
v. 使本土化
→
lcalizatin
n. 本土化
38.
mdernize
v. 使现代化
→
mdernizatin
n. 现代化
39.
bserve
v. 观察；注意到
→
bservatin
n. 观察；观测
40.
rganize
v. 组织；规划
→
rganizatin
n. 组织
41.
prepare
v. 准备
→
preparatin
n. 准备
42.
preserve
v. 保护；维护；保留
→
preservatin
n. 保护；维护
43.
prnunce
v. 发音
→
prnunciatin
n. 发音
44.
prvke
v. 激起；引起
→
prvcatin
n. 挑衅；刺激
45.
qute
v. 引用；引述
→
qutatin
n. 引语；引文
46.
register
v. 注册；登记
→
registratin
n. 注册；登记
47.
reserve
v. 预定；预约
→
reservatin
n. 预定；预约
48.
restre
v. 修复；恢复
→
restratin
n. 整修；修复
49.
specialize
v. 专门从事；专攻
→
specializatin
n. 专门化；特化
50.
starve
v. 挨饿；饿死
→
starvatin
n. 饥荒；饥饿
以下动词去字母i或y， 再加-atin变名词：
51.
explain
v. 解释
→
explanatin
n. 解释
52.
ccupy
v. 占用；使用
→
ccupatin
n. 工作；职业
以下动词变字母y为i，再加-atin变名词：
53.
vary
v. 变化；不同；有区别
→
variatin
n. 变异；变体
以下动词直接加-ment变名词：
1.
accmplish
v. 完成
→
accmplishment
n. 成就
2.
achieve
v. 实现；获取
→
achievement
n. 成就
3.
acknwledge
v. 承认
→
acknwledgement
n. 承认；感谢
4.
adjust
v. 调整；调节
→
adjustment
n. 调整
5.
advertise
v. 做广告，打广告
→
advertisement
n. 广告
6.
agree
v. 同意
→
agreement
n. 同意；协议
7.
amaze
v. 使惊讶
→
amazement
n. 惊讶
8.
amuse
v. 使高兴；娱乐，逗乐
→
amusement
n. 高兴；娱乐
9.
amend
v. 修正；修订
→
amendment
n. 修正案；修订
10.
annunce
v. 宣布；声明
→
annuncement
n. 布告；通告
11.
appint
v. 任命，委任；预约
→
appintment
n. 预约；任命
12.
arrange
v. 安排；整理
→
arrangement
n. 安排
13.
assess
v. 评估；评定
→
assessment
n. 评估；评定
14.
assign
v. 分派；布置
→
assignment
n. 任务；分派的工作
15.
astnish
v. 使大为惊讶
→
astnishment
n. 惊讶；惊异
16.
attach
v. 重视；把...固定
→
attachment
n. 连接；爱慕
17.
cmmit
v. 做出；犯；承诺；忠于；投入
→
cmmitment
n. 承诺；投入
18.
develp
v. 发展；开发；培养
→
develpment
n. 发展；开发
19.
disagree
v. 不同意；有分歧
→
disagreement
n. 分歧；意见不一
20.
disappint
v. 使失望
→
disappintment
n. 失望
21.
embarrass
v. 使尴尬，使窘迫
→
embarrassment
n. 尴尬；窘迫
22.
emply
v. 雇佣；使用
→
emplyment
n. 受雇；就业
23.
encurage
v. 鼓励；鼓舞
→
encuragement
n. 鼓励；鼓舞
24.
engage
v. 使从事于；雇用；订婚
→
engagement
n. 参与；聘用；订婚
25.
enhance
v. 提升；提高
→
enhancement
n. 提高；增加
26.
enrll
v. 登记；入学；入伍
→
enrllment
n. 登记；注册；入学
27.
entertain
v. 娱乐；款待；使高兴
→
entertainment
n. 娱乐
28.
equip
v. 使具备；装备
→
equipment
n. 装备；设备
29.
establish
v. 建立；创立
→
establishment
n. 建立；创立
30.
excite
v. 使激动；使兴奋
→
excitement
n. 激动；兴奋
31.
fulfill
v. 履行；实现；达到
→
fulfillment
n. 实现；满足；成就
32.
gvern
v. 治理；管理；控制
→
gvernment
n. 政府
33.
imprve
v. 提升；改进；改善
→
imprvement
n. 提升；改善
34.
invlve
v. 包括；涉及；使卷入
→
invlvement
n. 参与；卷入；涉入
35.
judge
v. 判断；裁判，裁决
→
judgement
n. 判断
36.
manage
v. 管理；应付；完成
→
management
n. 管理；经营
37.
measure
v. 测量，度量；衡量
→
measurement
n. 衡量，计量；尺寸
38.
mve
v. 移动；搬动
→
mvement
n. 运动；移动
39.
pay
v. 支付；购买
→
payment
n. 支付方式
40.
punish
v. 惩罚，处罚
→
punishment
n. 惩罚，处罚
41.
recruit
v. 招聘；征募
→
recruitment
n. 招聘
42.
require
v. 要求；请求
→
requirement
n. 必要条件
43.
retire
v. 退休
→
retirement
n. 退休
44.
settle
v. 定居；解决；确定
→
settlement
n. 居民点；解决
45.
state
v. 陈述；说明
→
statement
n. 声明；陈述
46.
treat
v. 治疗；对待；处理
→
treatment
n. 治疗；处理
以下动词去尾字母e，再加-ment变名词：
47.
argue
v. 争论；争吵
→
argument
n. 争论；论点
以下动词以ss结尾，直接加-in变名词：
1.
cmpress
v. 压缩；浓缩
→
cmpressin
n. 压缩
2.
discuss
v. 讨论
→
discussin
n. 讨论
3.
impress
v. 给...留下印象
→
impressin
n. 印象
4.
pssess
v. 拥有；占有
→
pssessin
n. 财产；拥有物
以下动词去字母t，再加-ssin变名词：
5.
admit
v. 承认
→
admissin
n. 承认；入场费
6.
emit
v. 发出；射出
→
emissin
n. 排放；散发
7.
permit
v. 允许；许可
→
permissin
n. 许可；允许
8.
transmit
v. 传送；传递
→
transmissin
n. 传送；输送
以下动词去字母e，再加-is(i)n变名词：
9.
cmpare
v. 比较
→
cmparisn
n. 比较
10.
cnfuse
v. 使困惑；使迷惑
→
cnfusin
n. 困惑；迷惑
11.
revise
v. 复习；修正
→
revisin
n. 校订；修正
以下动词去字母d/de后，再加-sin变名词：
12.
cllide
v. 碰撞；冲突
→
cllisin
n. 碰撞；冲突
13.
cmprehend
v. 理解；领悟
→
cmprehensin
n. 理解
14.
cnclude
v. 总结
→
cnclusin
n. 结论
15.
crrde
v. 腐蚀；侵蚀
→
crrsin
n. 腐蚀；侵蚀
16.
decide
v. 决定
→
decisin
n. 决定
17.
divide
v. 分开；分隔
→
divisin
n. 分部；分配；除法
18.
erde
v. 侵蚀；风化
→
ersin
n. 侵蚀；腐蚀
19.
exclude
v. 排除；不包括
→
exclusin
n. 排斥；拒绝
20.
expand
v. 扩大；扩充
→
expansin
n. 扩大；扩充
21.
explde
v. 爆炸
→
explsin
n. 爆炸
22.
extend
v. 伸展；延伸；给予
→
extensin
n. 延伸
23.
invade
v. 入侵；侵略
→
invasin
n. 入侵；侵略
24.
persuade
v. 劝说；说服
→
persuasin
n. 劝说；说服
以下动词直接加-ance变名词：
1.
accept
v. 接受，接纳；同意
→
acceptance
n. 接受；承认
2.
acquaint
v. 使熟悉，使了解
→
acquaintance
n. 熟人；认识的人
3.
allw
v. 允许，准许
→
allwance
n. 津贴
4.
anny
v. 使烦恼；使恼怒
→
annyance
n. 恼怒；使人生气的事
5.
appear
v. 出现
→
appearance
n. 外观；露面；出现
6.
assist
v. 帮助；协助
→
assistance
n. 帮助
7.
attend
v. 参加；照顾
→
attendance
n. 参加；出席人数
8.
clear
v. 清理
→
clearance
n. 清除；清理
9.
disappear
v. 消失
→
disappearance
n. 消失
10.
disturb
v. 打扰，干扰；妨碍
→
disturbance
n. 干扰；障碍；紊乱
11.
inherit
v. 继承
→
inheritance
n. 继承
12.
perfrm
v. 表现；表演
→
perfrmance
n. 表现，业绩；演出
13.
resist
v. 抵制；抵抗
→
resistance
n. 抵抗；阻力；抗力
以下动词去掉字母e后， 再加-ance变名词：
14.
assure
v. 确保；使确信
→
assurance
n. 保证
15.
endure
v. 忍受；忍耐
→
endurance
n. 忍耐力；耐久力
16.
enter
v. 进入
→
entrance
n. 入口；入学
17.
guide
v. 指导
→
guidance
n. 指导
18.
insure
v. 确保
→
insurance
n. 保险
以下动词变尾字母y为i，再加-ance变名词：
19.
apply
v. 申请；应用
→
appliance
n. 器具；器械
20.
rely
v. 依靠；依赖
→
reliance
n. 依靠；依赖
以下动词去掉尾字母ate，再加-ance变名词：
21.
tlerate
v. 忍受；容忍
→
tlerance
n. 忍受；容忍
以下动词直接加-al变名词：
1.
betray
v. 背叛
→
betrayal
n. 背板
2.
dismiss
v. 解散；解雇；开除
→
dismissal
n. 解雇；开除
3.
rent
v. 出租；租赁
→
rental
n. 租金；租赁
4.
sign
v. 示意；签字
→
signal
n. 信号；标志
5.
withdraw
v. 撤回；撤销；提取
→
withdrawal
n. 撤回；提款
以下动词去尾字母e后，再加-al变名词：
6.
appraise
v. 估价；估量
→
appraisal
n. 估价；估量
7.
apprve
v. 赞成；同意
→
apprval
n. 赞成；同意
8.
arrive
v. 抵达；到达
→
arrival
n. 抵达；到达
9.
disapprve
v. 不赞成；不同意
→
disapprval
n. 不赞成；不同意
10.
dispse
v. 处理；布置，安排
→
dispsal
n. 处理；清除；去掉
11.
prpse
v. 建议；提议
→
prpsal
n. 建议；提议
12.
recite
v. 朗诵；背诵
→
recital
n. 独奏；吟诵
13.
refuse
v. 拒绝
→
refusal
n. 拒绝
14.
remve
v. 移除
→
remval
n. 移除
15.
reverse
v. 翻转；颠倒
→
reversal
n. 翻转；颠倒
16.
survive
v. 生存；幸存
→
survival
n. 生存；幸存
以下动词变尾字母y为i后，再加-al变名词：
17.
bury
v. 埋葬
→
burial
n. 埋葬；葬礼
18.
deny
v. 否认
→
denial
n. 否认
19.
try
v. 尝试
→
trial
n. 试验；试用
以下动词直接加-ant变名词：
1.
assist
v. 帮助；协助；援助
→
assistant
n. 助理；助手
2.
attend
v. 参加；照顾
→
attendant
n. 护理人员
3.
cmbat
v. 搏斗；战斗
→
cmbatant
n. 争斗者；战斗员
4.
cnsult
v. 咨询；查询
→
cnsultant
n. 顾问；会诊医师
5.
cntest
v. 比赛；竞赛
→
cntestant
n. 参赛者
6.
defend
v. 防卫；防御
→
defendant
n. 被告；辩护方
7.
descend
v. 下降；降临
→
descendant
n. 后裔；后代，子孙
8.
inhabit
v. 居住；栖居
→
inhabitant
n. 居民；栖居动物
以下动词去字母e后， 再加-ant变名词：
9.
participate
v. 参加；参与
→
participant
n. 参与者
10.
pllute
v. 污染
→
pllutant
n. 污染物
11.
register
v. 注册；登记
→
registrant
n. 登记者；注册人
12.
serve
v. 服务；供应
→
servant
n. 仆人；佣人
以下动词去尾字母ate，再加-ant变名词：
13.
emigrate
v. 移民；移居国外
→
emigrant
n. 移民；移居国外的人
14.
immigrate
v. 移民入境
→
immigrant
n. (外来)移民
15.
migrate
v. 迁移；移居
→
migrant
n. 移民；候鸟
16.
stimulate
v. 刺激，激发；促进
→
stimulant
n. 兴奋剂
以下动词变尾字母y为i, 再加-cant变名词：
17.
apply
v. 申请；应用
→
applicant
n. 申请者
以下动词直接加-ure变名词：
1.
depart
v. 离去；消失
→
departure
n. 离开；出发，启程
2.
fail
v. 失败；未能做
→
failure
n. 失败
3.
press
v. 压；挤；按
→
pressure
n. 压力
4.
pst
v. 发布，张贴
→
psture
n. 姿势；态度，看法
5.
sculpt
v. 雕刻
→
sculpture
n. 雕刻；雕塑
以下动词去字母e后， 再加-ure变名词：
6.
clse
v. 关闭
→
clsure
n. 关闭；倒闭
7.
create
v. 创造；创作
→
creature
n. 生物；动物
8.
disclse
v. 揭露；披露；泄露
→
disclsure
n. 公开；揭露；透露
9.
enclse
v. 把...围起来；围住
→
enclsure
n. 围场；圈地
10.
expse
v. 使接触
→
expsure
n. 接触
11.
please
v. 使高兴
→
pleasure
n. 快乐；乐趣
12.
prceed
v. 行进；接着做
→
prcedure
n. 步骤；（商业、法律等）程序
以下动词直接加-ture变名词：
13.
mix
v. 混合
→
mixture
n. 混合物
以下动词直接加-ature变名词：
14.
sign
v. 签名；签署
→
signature
n. 签名
以下动词直接加-age变名词：
1.
blck
v. 堵塞；阻塞
→
blckage
n. 堵塞；阻塞
2.
cver
v. 覆盖；支付；报道
→
cverage
n. 覆盖范围；新闻报道
3.
drain
v. 排空；流干
→
drainage
n. 排水系统；排水
4.
inherit
v. 继承
→
heritage
n. 遗产
5.
leak
v. 泄露；渗漏
→
leakage
n. 泄漏；渗漏
6.
link
v. 联系；使连接
→
linkage
n. 联系；连接；连锁
7.
pack
v. 包装；打包
→
package
n. 包装；包裹
8.
pass
v. 通过；经过
→
passage
n. 通道；短文
9.
pst
v. 邮寄；发布
→
pstage
n. 邮费，邮资
10.
shrink
v. 收缩
→
shrinkage
n. 收缩；缩减
以下动词去尾字母e后， 再加-age变名词：
11.
use
v. 使用
→
usage
n. 用法，使用方法
12.
stre
v. 储存，贮存
→
strage
n. 储存；贮存
以下动词变尾字母y为i， 再加-age变名词：
13.
carry
v. 搬运；携带
→
carriage
n. 客车车厢；运输
14.
marry
v. 嫁；娶；结婚
→
marriage
n. 婚姻
以下动词直接加 -ence 变名词：
1.
crrespnd
v. 通信；复合；相一致
→
crrespndence
n. 通信；来往信件
2.
differ
v. 不同；有区别
→
difference
n. 区别；不同之处
3.
exist
v. 存在
→
existence
n. 存在
4.
infer
v. 推断
→
inference
n. 推断
5.
insist
v. 坚持；坚称
→
insistence
n. 固执；坚持
6.
persist
v. 坚持
→
persistence
n. 坚持
7.
prefer
v. 更喜欢；偏爱
→
preference
n. 喜好；偏好
8.
refer
v. 引用；提到；认为
→
reference
n. 提到；参考
以下动词去尾字母e，再加-ence变名词：
9.
cincide
v. 同时发生；重合
→
cincidence
n. 巧合
10.
interfere
v. 干预；干涉
→
interference
n. 干涉；干预；介入
以下动词去尾字母d，再加-ence/-ce变名词：
11.
defend
v. 防御；防卫
→
defence
n. 防御
12.
depend
v. 依靠；依赖
→
dependence
n. 依靠；依赖
13.
ffend
v. 冒犯
→
ffence
n. 冒犯
以下动词直接加-ency变名词：
14.
tend
v. 倾向于；照顾
→
tendency
n. 倾向
以下动词直接加-y变名词：
1.
deliver
v. 传送；交付
→
delivery
n. 传送；递送
2.
discver
v. 发现
→
discvery
n. 发现
3.
master
v. 掌握；精通
→
mastery
n. 掌握；精通
4.
recver
v. 恢复；康复
→
recvery
n. 恢复；复苏
5.
treat
v. 对待；招待
→
treaty
n. 条约
以下动词去掉字母e, 再加-y变名词：
6.
assemble
v. 集合，聚集；装配
→
assembly
n. 集合；集会；装配
7.
injure
v. 受伤；伤害
→
injury
n. 伤害
8.
inquire
v. 咨询
→
inquiry
n. 咨询
9.
enter
v. 进入
→
entry
n. 入口处；进入
10.
unite
v. 联合；团结；统一
→
unity
n. 联合；团结；统一
以下动词加-ry / -ery变名词：
11.
bake
v. 烘焙；烘烤
→
bakery
n. 面包店；面包房
12.
rb
v. 抢劫；劫走
→
rbbery
n. 抢劫
以下动词直接加-cy变名词：
13.
bankrupt
v. 破产
→
backruptcy
n. 破产
以下动词变y为i，再加-catin变名词：
1.
amplify
v. 放大
→
amplificatin
n. 扩大；扩充
2.
apply
v. 应用；申请
applicatin
n. 应用
3.
clarify
v. 澄清；阐明
clarificatin
n. 说明；澄清
4.
classify
v. 划分；分类
classificatin
n. 分类
5.
identify
v. 鉴定；发现；找到
identificatin
n. 鉴定；确认
6.
justify
v. 证明...正确
justificatin
n. 正当理由
7.
mdify
v. 调整；修正
mdificatin
n. 修改
8.
multiply
v. 繁殖；增多
multiplicatin
n. 乘法；增多
9.
ntify
v. 通知
ntificatin
n. 通知
10.
purify
v. 净化；使纯净
purificatin
n. 净化
11.
qualify
v. 合格
qualificatin
n. 资格
以下动词去字母y后，再加actin变名词：
12.
satisfy
v. 使满意
satisfactin
n. 满意度
1.
absrb
v. 吸收；吸引
→
absrptin
n. 吸收；吸引
2.
ascribe
v. 把...归因于
ascriptin
n. 归因
3.
assume
v. 假定，假设
assumptin
n. 假设
4.
cnsume
v. 消费；消耗，使用
cnsumptin
n. 消费；消耗
5.
describe
v. 描述；描写
descriptin
n. 描述；描写
6.
prescribe
v. 规定；给...开药
prescriptin
n. 药方，处方
7.
subscribe
v. 订阅
subscriptin
n. 订阅
8.
receive
v. 接受；收到
receptin
n. 接待
1.
acquire
v. 获得；习得
→
acquisitin
n. 获得；习得
2.
add
v. 添加；增加
→
additin
n. 添加；加法
3.
cmpete
v. 比赛；竞赛
→
cmpetitin
n. 比赛；竞赛
4.
cmpse
v. 组成；谱写
→
cmpsitin
n. 成分，构成；作文
5.
define
v. 界定；阐明
→
definitin
n. 定义
6.
repeat
v. 重复
→
repetitin
n. 重复
以下动词直接加-t变名词：
1.
cmplain
v. 抱怨；投诉
→
cmplaint
n. 抱怨；投诉
2.
restrain
v. 制止；抑制
→
restrain
n. 限制；约束力
3.
weigh
v. 称重；重达
→
weight
n. 重量
以下动词变尾字母e为i, 再加-t变名词：
4.
pursue
v. 追求
→
pursuit
n. 追求
1.
analyze
v. 分析
→
analysis
n. 分析
2.
base
v. 以...为基础
→
basis
n. 基础；准则
3.
diagnse
v. 诊断
→
diagnsis
n. 诊断
4.
emphasize
v. 强调；突出
→
emphasis
n. 强调；重点
1.
serve
v. 服务；供应
→
service
n. 服务
2.
chse
v. 选择；抉择
→
chice
n. 选择；抉择
1.
vary
v. 不同；变化
→
variety
n. 种类；多样性
动词+er
1.
wrk
v. 工作
→
wrker
n. 工人
2.
teach
v. 教
→
teacher
n. 教师
3.
emply
v. 雇佣
→
emplyer
n. 雇主
4.
run
v. 跑
→
runner
n. 赛跑者
动词+ee
1.
emply
v. 雇佣
→
emplyee
n. 被雇佣者
2.
train
v. 训练
→
trainee
n. 实习生
名词+eer
1.
engine
n. 机车；火车头
→
engineer
n. 工程师
2.
muntain
n.山
→
muntain
n. 登山运动员
动词+r
1.
cnduct
v. 指挥
→
cnductr
n.指挥家
2.
translate
v.翻译
→
translatr
n.译者
3.
create
v.创造
→
creatr
n.创造者
动词+ess
1.
hst
v.主持
→
hstess
n.女主持人
2.
act
v.表演
→
actress
n.女演员
-ian
1.
library
n.图书馆
→
librarian
n.图书管理员
2.
music
n.音乐
→
musician
n.音乐家
-ist
1.
nvel
n.小说
→
nvelist
n.小说家
2.
tur
n.旅行
→
turist
n.旅游者
-ar
1.
beg
v.乞讨
→
beggar
n.乞丐
以下形容词直接加-ity变名词：
1.
electric
a. 电的; 用电的
→
electricity
n. 电; 电流
2.
equal
a. 平等的; 相等的
→
equality
n. 平等
3.
individual
a. 个人的; 个体的
→
individuality
n. 个性
4.
legal
a. 合法的
→
legality
n. 合法性
5.
illegal
非法的
→
illegality
n. 非法；违法
6.
natinal
a. 国家的; 民族的
→
natinality
n. 国籍
7.
riginal
a. 起初的; 原始的
→
riginality
n. 独创性; 创造力
8.
persnal
a. 个人的
→
persnality
n. 个性
9.
real
a. 真实的
→
reality
n. 现实; 真实
10.
ppular
a. 流行的
→
ppularity
n. 流行; 普及
11.
similar
a. 相似的; 类似的
→
similarity
n. 相似性
12.
majr
a. 主要的
→
majrity
n. 大多数
13.
minr
a. 主要的
→
minrity
n. 少数人; 少数派
14.
prir
a. 优先的
→
pririty
n. 优先权
15.
superir
a. 上级的; 优秀的
→
superirity
n. 优势; 优越
16.
humid
a. 潮湿的
→
humidity
n. 湿度
17.
abnrmal
反常的；不正常的
→
abnrmality
n. 反常；变态
18.
absurd
荒谬的
→
absurdity
n. 荒谬
19.
acid
酸的；酸性的
→
acidity
n. 酸性；酸味
20.
actual
实际的
→
actuality
n. 实际
21.
authentic
真正的；真实的
→
authenticity
n. 真实性；确实性
22.
cmplex
复杂的
→
cmplexity
n. 复杂性
23.
cnventinal
传统的
→
cnventinality
n. 陈规陋习
24.
human
人的；人类的
→
humanity
n. 人性；人情
25.
immrtal
不朽的
→
immrtality
n. 不朽；永生
26.
inferir
较差的；级别低的
→
inferirity
n. 劣势
27.
neutral
中立的
→
neutrality
n. 中立
28.
partial
部分的；偏袒的
→
partiality
n. 偏袒；偏爱
29.
punctual
准时的
→
punctuality
n. 准时
30.
rigid
僵硬的
→
rigidity
n. 固执；僵化
31.
timid
胆小的；胆怯的
→
timidity
n. 胆小；胆怯
32.
universal
普遍的；普及的
→
universality
n. 普遍性；普及
33.
valid
有效的
→
validity
n. 效力；有效性
34.
slemn
庄严的；隆重的
→
slemnity
n. 庄严；庄重
35.
active
a. 积极的; 活跃的
→
activity
n. 活动
36.
inactive
不活跃的
→
inactivity
n. 迟钝；钝化
37.
creative
a. 有创造力的
→
creativity
n. 创造力; 创造性
38.
relative
a. 相对的; 相关的
→
relativity
n. 相对性
39.
cnductive
导电的；传导的
→
cnductivity
n. 导电率；传导率
40.
cnnective
连接的；联结的
→
cnnectivity
n. 连通性；连接性
41.
prductive
富有成效的；多产的
→
prductivity
n. 生产效率
42.
exclusive
独家的；排外的
→
exclusivity
n. 专有权
43.
sensitive
敏感的；灵敏的
→
sensitivity
n. 敏感性；灵敏度
44.
radiactive
放射性的
→
radiactivity
n. 放射性；辐射
45.
dense
a. 稠密的
→
density
n. 密度
46.
intense
a. 强烈的; 剧烈的
→
intensity
n. 强度
47.
diverse
a. 多样的; 各样的
→
diversity
n. 多样性
48.
mature
a. 成熟的
→
maturity
n. 成熟
49.
pure
a. 纯的; 纯粹的
→
purity
n. 纯度
50.
secure
a. 安全的; 稳妥的
→
security
n. 安全; 保护措施
51.
severe
严重的；严峻的
→
severity
n. 严重；严格；激烈
52.
sincere
a. 真诚的; 真挚的
→
sincerity
n. 真诚; 真挚
53.
clear
a. 清楚的; 清晰的
→
clarity
n. 清楚
54.
adverse
不利的
→
adversity
n. 不幸；灾难
55.
agile
敏捷的；灵活的
→
agility
n. 敏捷；灵活
56.
extreme
极度的；极端的
→
extremity
n. 极端；极限
57.
fertile
肥沃的；丰饶的
→
fertility
n. 肥沃；丰饶
58.
fragile
易碎的；脆弱的
→
fragility
n. 脆弱性；虚弱
59.
immune
免疫的
→
immunity
n. 免疫
60.
insane
疯狂的；精神错乱的
→
insanity
n. 精神失常
61.
mbile
移动的
→
mbility
n. 流动性
62.
scarce
稀少的；不足的
→
scarcity
n. 缺乏；不足；萧条
以下形容词以-ble结尾，在b与l之间添加i，再去尾字母e加-ity变名词：
63.
able
a. 能够的
→
ability
n. 能力
64.
reliable
可靠的
→
reliability
n. 可靠性
65.
available
a. 可获得的
→
availability
n. 可用性；有效性
66.
capable
a. 有能力的
→
capability
n. 能力
67.
prbable
a. 很可能的
→
prbability
n. 可能性
68.
durable
耐久的
→
durability
n. 耐久性
69.
stable
a. 稳定的
→
stability
n. 稳定性
70.
flexible
a. 灵活的
→
flexibility
n. 灵活度; 敏感度
71.
pssible
a. 可能的
→
pssibility
n. 可能性
72.
respnsible
a. 相对的; 相关的
→
respnsibility
n. 责任
73.
sensible
明智的；实用的
→
sensibility
n. 感性；情感
74.
visible
可见的
→
visibility
n. 能见度
75.
cmpatible
兼容的
→
cmpatibility
n. 兼容性；适应性
76.
inevitable
不可避免的
→
inevitability
n. 必然性
77.
credible
可信的；可靠的
→
credibility
n. 可靠性；可信性
78.
feasible
可行的；现实的
→
feasibility
n. 可行性；现实性
79.
nble
高尚的
→
nbility
n. 高尚
80.
adaptable
能适应的
→
adaptability
n. 适应性
以下形容词以-ble结尾， 变字母b为i，再去尾字母e加-ity变名词：
81.
humble
谦逊的
→
humility
n. 谦逊
以下形容词以-us结尾，去掉字母u或us后加-ity变名词：
82.
curius
a. 好奇的
→
curisity
n. 好奇; 好奇心
83.
generus
a. 慷慨的; 大方的
→
genersity
n. 慷慨; 大方
84.
prsperus
a. 兴旺的; 繁荣的
→
prsperity
n. 兴旺; 繁荣
85.
ambiguus
模棱两可的
→
ambiguity
n. 模棱两可
86.
annymus
匿名的
→
annymity
n. 匿名
87.
enrmus
巨大的
→
enrmity
n. 巨大；深远影响
88.
cntinuus
连续的
→
cntinuity
n. 连续性
以下形容词去掉-ate后加-ity变名词：
89.
integrate
a. 完整的
→
integrity
n. 正直; 完整
以下形容词去掉-ary后加-ity变名词：
90.
necessary
a. 必要的; 必需的
→
necessity
n. 必需品
以下形容词去掉-al后加-ity变名词：
91.
equal
平等的
→
equity
n. 公正；公平
92.
eternal
永恒的；不朽的
→
eternity
n. 永恒；不朽
以下形容词直接加-ty变名词：
1.
certain
a. 确定的; 肯定的
→
certainty
n. 确定性
2.
cruel
a. 残酷的
→
cruelty
n. 残酷; 残暴
3.
entire
a. 全部的; 整个的
→
entirety
n. 整体; 全面
4.
lyal
a. 忠诚的
→
lyalty
n. 忠诚
5.
nvel
a. 新颖的
→
nvelty
n. 新颖性
6.
safe
a. 安全的
→
safety
n. 安全性
7.
special
a. 特别的
→
specialty
n. 专业; 特长
8.
naive
天真的；幼稚的
→
naivety
n. 天真；幼稚
9.
subtle
微小的；微妙的
→
subtlety
n. 微小；微妙
以下形容词去-al加-ty变名词：
10.
liberal
a. 自由的
→
liberty
n. 自由; 人身自由
以下形容词去-al或-us加-ety变名词：
11.
scial
a. 社会的; 社交的
→
sciety
n. 社会
12.
anxius
a. 焦虑的
→
anxiety
n. 焦虑
13.
varius
a. 各种各样的
→
variety
n. 种类; 多样性
以下形容词直接加-th变名词：
1.
warm
温暖的，温和的
→
warmth
n. 温暖；温和
以下形容词去字母e/d/ng后加-th变名词：
2.
true
真实的
→
truth
n. 真相；事实
3.
wide
宽的
→
width
n. 宽度
4.
deep
深的
→
depth
n. 深度
5.
hale
健壮的
→
health
n. 健康；健康状况
6.
dead
死亡的，死的
→
death
n. 死亡
7.
yung
年轻的
→
yuth
n. 青春
以下形容词变为e后加-th变名词：
8.
strng
强大的；强壮的
→
strength
n. 力量；优势
9.
lng
长的
→
length
n. 长度
10.
brad
宽广的
→
breadth
n. 幅度；宽度
以下形容词直接加-ness变名词：
1.
numb
麻木的; 麻痹的
→
numbness
n. 麻木; 麻痹
2.
mad
疯狂的; 生气的
→
madness
n. 疯狂; 愚蠢的行为
3.
sad
悲伤的
→
sadness
n. 悲伤
4.
grand
a. 雄伟的; 壮丽的
→
grandness
n. 雄伟; 壮丽
5.
bld
a. 大胆的; 冒失的
→
bldness
n. 大胆; 冒失
6.
cld
a. 寒冷的
→
cldness
n. 寒冷
7.
blind
a. 盲的; 盲目的
→
blindness
n. 失明; 盲目
8.
kind
a. 善良的; 好心的
→
kindness
n. 善良
9.
fnd
a. 喜爱的
→
fndness
n. 喜爱; 溺爱
10.
sund
完好无损的
→
sundness
n. 健全; 完整性
11.
gd
a. 好的
→
gdness
n. 好心; 善良
12.
lud
a. 大声的; 响亮的
→
ludness
n. 响亮; 音量
13.
wild
野生的; 野蛮的
→
wildness
n. 野蛮; 原始; 荒凉
14.
mild
温和的
→
mildness
n. 温和
15.
rude
粗鲁的; 无礼的
→
rudeness
n. 粗鲁; 无礼
16.
pale
苍白的
→
paleness
n. 苍白
17.
humble
a. 谦虚的; 谦逊的
→
humbleness
n. 谦虚
18.
nble
高贵的; 高尚的
→
nbleness
n. 高贵; 高尚
19.
lame
a. 跛的; 瘸的
→
lameness
n. 残废; 跛脚
20.
ripe
成熟的
→
ripeness
n. 成熟
21.
aware
a. 知道的; 有意识的
→
awareness
n. 意识
22.
cmplete
a. 完全的; 完整的
→
cmpleteness
n. 完整
23.
plite
礼貌的
→
pliteness
n. 礼貌
24.
remte
遥远的
→
remteness
n. 遥远; 疏远
25.
unique
唯一的；独特的
→
uniqueness
n. 独特; 无与伦比
26.
effective
a. 有效的
→
effectiveness
n. 成效; 有效
27.
harsh
a. 恶劣的
→
harshness
n. 恶劣
28.
rich
丰富的; 富裕的
→
richness
n. 富裕; 丰富; 肥沃
29.
rugh
粗糙的; 大致的
→
rughness
n. 粗糙
30.
smth
顺利的; 悦耳的
→
smthness
n. 平滑
31.
willing
愿意的; 情愿的
→
willingness
n. 意愿
32.
weak
虚弱的
→
weakness
n. 虚弱; 弱点
33.
sick
生病的
→
sickness
n. 疾病
34.
hmesick
a. 思乡的
→
hmesickness
n. 乡愁
35.
quick
迅速的; 快速的
→
quickness
n. 迅速
36.
thick
厚的; 稠的
→
thickness
n. 厚度
37.
dark
a. 黑暗的
→
darkness
n. 黑暗
38.
faithful
a. 忠诚的
→
faithfulness
n. 忠诚
39.
careful
细心的
→
carefulness
n. 细心
40.
ill
a. 生病的
→
illness
n. 疾病
41.
calm
a. 冷静的; 镇定的
→
calmness
n. 冷静; 镇定
42.
plain
平坦的
→
plainness
n. 平坦; 正直
43.
stubbrn
顽固的; 固执的
→
stubbrnness
n. 顽固; 固执
44.
sharp
尖锐的; 急剧的
→
sharpness
n. 尖锐; 严厉
45.
bitter
a. 苦的; 苦涩的
→
bitterness
n. 苦涩
46.
clever
a. 聪明的
→
cleverness
n. 聪明
47.
eager
a. 渴望的; 热忱的
→
eagerness
n. 渴望; 热忱
48.
fair
公平的
→
fairness
n. 公平
49.
breathless
a. 气喘吁吁的
→
breathlessness
n. 屏息
50.
helpless
a. 没有帮助的
→
helplessness
n. 无助
51.
sleepless
失眠的
→
sleeplessness
n. 失眠
52.
careless
a. 粗心的
→
carelessness
n. 粗心
53.
selfless
无私的
→
selflessness
n. 无私
54.
cnscius
a. 有意识的
→
cnsciusness
n. 意识; 良知
55.
uncnscius
不知道的
→
uncnsciusness
n. 无意识
56.
nervus
紧张的
→
nervusness
n. 紧张; 神经过敏
57.
serius
认真的; 严重的
→
seriusness
n. 认真
58.
earnest
a. 诚挚的
→
earnestness
n. 真挚
59.
bright
a. 光明的; 明亮的
→
brightness
n. 光明
60.
fit
a. 健康的
→
fitness
n. 健康
61.
great
a. 伟大的; 巨大的
→
greatness
n. 伟大
62.
light
a. 轻的
→
lightness
n. 轻
63.
neat
整洁的
→
neatness
n. 整洁; 干净
64.
quiet
安静的
→
quietness
n. 安静
65.
shrt
短的; 短缺的
→
shrtness
n. 短; 矮; 短促
66.
smart
聪明的; 机灵的
→
smartness
n. 敏捷; 机灵
67.
sft
柔软的; 温和的
→
sftness
n. 温和; 柔软
68.
strict
严格的; 严厉的
→
strictness
n. 严格; 严厉
69.
sweet
甜蜜的; 美好的
→
sweetness
n. 甜蜜
70.
swift
迅速的
→
swiftness
n. 迅速
71.
upright
正直的
→
uprightness
n. 正直; 诚实
72.
narrw
窄的; 狭隘的
→
narrwness
n. 狭隘
73.
shy
害羞的; 腼腆的
→
shyness
n. 害羞; 腼腆
以下形容词变y为i，再加-ness变名词：
74.
ready
准备好的
→
readiness
n. 预备; 准备
75.
steady
稳定的; 稳固的
→
steadiness
n. 稳健; 坚定
76.
ugly
丑陋的
→
ugliness
n. 丑陋
77.
lnely
孤独的
→
lneliness
n. 孤独
78.
hly
a. 神圣的
→
hliness
n. 神圣
79.
cstly
a. 昂贵的
→
cstliness
n. 高价; 昂贵
80.
busy
a. 忙碌的
→
business
n. 生意; 事情
81.
uneasy
不安的
→
uneasiness
n. 局促不安
82.
empty
a. 空的; 空洞的
→
emptiness
n. 空虚
83.
hearty
a. 热心的
→
heartiness
n. 热心
84.
happy
a. 幸福的; 快乐的
→
happiness
n. 幸福; 快乐
85.
dizzy
a. 头晕目眩的
→
dizziness
n. 头晕
86.
lazy
a. 懒惰的
→
laziness
n. 懒惰
以下形容词以-ant结尾, 去掉尾字母t, 再加-ce变名词：
1.
abundant
丰富的；大量的
→
abundance
n. 大量；充裕
2.
arrgant
傲慢的；自大的
→
arrgance
n. 傲慢；自大
3.
brilliant
a. 明智的; 英明的
→
brilliance
n. 英明
4.
distant
a. 遥远的
→
distance
n. 距离
5.
elegant
a. 优雅的
→
elegance
n. 优雅
6.
ignrant
a. 无知的
→
ignrance
n. 无知; 愚昧
7.
imprtant
a. 重要的
→
imprtance
n. 重要性
8.
significant
a. 有重大意义的
→
significance
n. 意义
以下形容词以-ent结尾, 去掉尾字母t, 再加-ce变名词：
9.
absent
a. 缺席的; 不在的
→
absence
n. 缺席; 缺乏
10.
cmpetent
a. 胜任的
→
cmpetence
n. 能力; 胜任
11.
cnfident
a. 有信心的
→
cnfidence
n. 信心
12.
cnsequent
结果的
→
cnsequence
n. 结果
13.
cnvenient
a. 便利的; 方便的
→
cnvenience
n. 便利; 方便
14.
dependent
a. 依靠的；依赖的
→
dependence
n. 依靠；依赖
15.
independent
独立的
→
independence
n. 独立
16.
different
a. 不同的
→
difference
n. 区别; 不同之处
17.
diligent
a. 勤奋的
→
diligence
n. 勤奋
18.
evident
a. 明显的
→
evidence
n. 证据
19.
excellent
a. 出色的; 优秀的
→
excellence
n. 优秀
20.
indifferent
a. 漠不关心的;
→
indifference
n. 冷淡
21.
inncent
a. 无辜的
→
inncence
n. 无辜
22.
intelligent
聪明的; 智能的
→
intelligence
n. 智力; 智慧
23.
magnificent
a. 宏伟的; 宏大的
→
magnificence
n. 宏伟
24.
patient
a. 有耐心的
→
patience
n. 耐心
25.
permanent
a. 永久的; 永恒的
→
permanence
n. 永久
26.
persistent
a. 始终一致的
→
persistence
n. 坚持
27.
present
a. 现在的; 在场的
→
presence
n. 出席; 在场
28.
silent
a. 沉默的
→
silence
n. 沉默
29.
vilent
a. 暴力的
→
vilence
n. 暴力
30.
cincident
同时发生的
→
cincidence
n. 一致；巧合
以下去掉尾字母t / te, 再加-cy变名词：
1.
vacant
空的；空缺的
→
vacancy
n. 空缺
2.
infant
初期的;婴儿期的
→
infancy
n. 婴儿期；初期
3.
cnsistent
始终如一的
→
cnsistency
n. 一致性；连贯性
4.
current
a. 当前的; 流行的
→
currency
n. 流通物; 货币
5.
efficient
a. 有效率的
→
efficiency
n. 效率
6.
fluent
a. 流利的; 顺畅的
→
fluency
n. 流利
7.
frequent
频繁的
→
frequency
n. 频率
8.
sufficient
充足的
→
sufficiency
n. 充足，足量
9.
deficient
缺乏的；不足的
→
deficiency
n. 缺乏；不足
10.
prficient
熟练的；精通的
→
prficiency
n. 熟练；精通
11.
urgent
紧急的
→
urgency
n. 紧急情况
12.
transparent
透明的
→
transparency
n. 透明；透明度
13.
accurate
准确的
→
accuracy
n. 准确度；准确性
14.
private
私人的
→
privacy
n. 隐私
以下形容词去尾字母l, 再加-cy变形容词：
15.
literal
字面意义的
→
literacy
n. 读写能力
以下形容词去掉字母tic, 再加-cy变名词：
16.
diplmatic
外交的
→
diplmacy
n. 外交
以下形容词直接加-y变名词：
1.
difficult
a. 困难的
→
difficulty
n. 困难
2.
hnest
a. 诚实的
→
hnesty
n. 诚实
3.
mdest
a. 谦逊的; 谦虚的
→
mdesty
n. 谦逊
4.
part
部分的
→
party
n. 聚会；政党
以下形容词直接加-ry变名词：
5.
brave
勇敢的
→
bravery
n. 勇敢
以下形容词去尾字母e，再加-y变名词：
6.
infinite
无限的；极大的
→
infinity
n. 无穷
1.
bred
a. 厌倦的
→
bredm
n. 厌倦
2.
free
免费的;空闲的
→
freedm
n. 自由
以下形容词去字母e, 加-dm变名词：
3.
wise
明智的
→
wisdm
n. 智慧
1.
natinal
a. 民族的; 国家的
→
natinalism
n. 民族主义
2.
scial
a. 社会的; 社交的
→
scialism
n. 社会主义
3.
ideal
理想的
→
idealism
n. 理想主义
4.
ratinal
理性的
→
ratinalism
n. 理性主义
5.
human
人类的；人的
→
humanism
n. 人道主义
以下形容词去字母tic, 再加-m变名词：
6.
ptimistic
a. 乐观的
→
ptimism
n. 乐观主义
7.
pessimistic
a. 悲观的
→
pessimism
n. 悲观主义
8.
enthusiastic
热情的
→
enthusiasm
n. 热情
以下形容词去尾字母c， 再加sm变名词：
9.
rganic
有机的
→
rganism
n. 有机体；生物体
1.
shrt
a. 短的；短缺的
→
shrtage
n. 短缺
1.
desperate
a. 不顾一切的
→
desperatin
n. 绝望
1.
hard
a. 困难的
→
hardship
n. 困难
1.
high
a. 高的
→
height
n. 高度
2.
dry
a. 干燥的; 干的
→
drught
n. 干旱
1.
just
公正的；正义的
→
justice
n. 公正；正义
2.
nvel
新颖的；新的
→
nvice
n. 新手，生手
1.
prud
a. 骄傲的；自豪的
→
pride
n. 骄傲；自豪
1.
awake
醒着的
→
awaken
v. 使醒来；唤醒
2.
black
黑色的
→
blacken
v. 使变黑；诽谤
3.
bright
光明的，明亮的
→
brighten
v. 使发光
4.
brad
广阔的
→
braden
v. 变宽；拓宽
5.
damp
潮湿的
→
dampen
v. 使潮湿；使沮丧
6.
dark
黑暗的
→
darken
v. 变黑；变暗
7.
deep
深的
→
deepen
v. 加深；深化
8.
bld
大胆的
→
emblden
v. 鼓励；给...壮胆
9.
fat
肥胖的
→
fatten
v. 养肥
10.
flat
平坦的
→
flatten
v. 把...弄平；击倒
11.
hard
坚硬的
→
harden
v. 使变硬；使变硬
12.
less
更少的
→
lessen
v. 减少；变少
13.
light
轻的
→
lighten
v. 使变轻
14.
lse
松的，松散的
→
lsen
v. 松散；使放松
15.
mist
潮湿的
→
misten
v. 使变得潮湿
16.
quick
快的
→
quicken
v. 加快
17.
quiet
安静的
→
quieten
v. 平静下来
18.
ripe
成熟的
→
ripen
v. 成熟
19.
rugh
粗糙的
→
rughen
v. 使变得粗糙
20.
sad
悲伤的
→
sadden
v. 使忧伤；使悲哀
21.
sharp
尖锐的；剧烈的
→
sharpen
v. 使敏锐；削尖
22.
shrt
短的；矮的
→
shrten
v. 减少；缩减
23.
sick
生病的
→
sicken
v. 使厌倦；使恶心
24.
sft
柔软的
→
sften
v. 使变软
25.
steep
陡峭的
→
steepen
v. 变得陡峭
26.
stiff
僵硬的
→
stiffen
v. 使僵硬；
27.
straight
直的
→
straighten
v. 把...弄直
28.
sweet
甜的
→
sweeten
v. 使变甜
29.
thick
厚的；浓的
→
thicken
v. 使变厚；加厚；变浓
30.
tight
紧的
→
tighten
v. 变紧
31.
weak
虚弱的
→
weaken
v. 削弱；变弱
32.
white
白色的
→
whiten
v. 变白；漂白
33.
wide
宽的
→
widen
v. 加宽；变宽
34.
wrse
更坏的，更糟的
→
wrsen
v. 恶化
1.
able
能够的
→
enable
v. 使能够
2.
large
大的
→
enlarge
v. 扩大
3.
rich
富有的
→
enrich
v. 使丰富
4.
sure
确定的
→
ensure
v. 确定；确保
1.
central
中心的；中央的
→
centralize
v. 使集权
2.
civil
文明的；公民的
→
civilize
v. 使文明；教育
3.
critical
批评的
→
criticize
v. 批评
4.
equal
相等的；平等的
→
equalize
v. 使相等；
5.
familiar
熟悉的
→
familiarize
v. 使熟悉；使通俗化
6.
final
最终的；最后的
→
finalize
v. 落实；定妥
7.
glbal
全球的
→
glbalize
v. 使全球化
8.
human
人的；人类的
→
humanize
v. 赋予人性
9.
ideal
理想的
→
idealize
v. 使理想化
10.
immrtal
不朽的
→
immrtalize
v. 使不灭；使不朽
11.
industrial
工业的；行业的
→
industrialize
v. 使工业化
12.
initial
起初的
→
initialize
v. 初始化
13.
internatinal
国际的
→
internatinalize
v. 使国际化
14.
legal
合法的
→
legalize
v. 使合法化
15.
maximum
最大的
→
maximize
v. 使最大化
16.
minimum
最小的
→
minimize
v. 使最小化
17.
mbile
移动的
→
mbilize
v. 动员
18.
mdern
现代的
→
mdernize
v. 使现代化
19.
natinal
国家的，民族的
→
natinalize
v. 使国有化
20.
neutral
中立的；中和的
→
neutralize
v. 中和；使无效
21.
nrmal
正常的
→
nrmalize
v. 使正常；使标准化
22.
particular
特别的
→
particularize
v. 详细说明；列举
23.
plar
极地的；两级的
→
plarize
v. 使两级化
24.
ppular
流行的；普及的
→
ppularize
v. 使普及
25.
real
真实的
→
realize
v. 实现；意识到；发现
26.
scial
社会的；社交的
→
scialize
v. 社交；交往
27.
special
特殊的；特别的
→
specialize
v. 专门从事；专攻
28.
stable
稳定的；稳固的
→
stabilize
v. 使稳定；稳固
29.
standard
标准的
→
standardize
v. 标准化
30.
visual
视觉的；视力的
→
visualize
v. 可视化
1.
active
活跃的；积极的
→
activate
v. 激活
2.
alien
外星的；外国的
→
alienate
v. 使疏远；离间
3.
different
不同的
→
differentiate
v. 区别
4.
valid
有效的
→
validate
v. 使生效
1.
clear
清楚的；清晰的
→
clarify
v. 阐明；澄清
2.
diverse
多样的
→
diversify
v. 使多样化
3.
hrrible
惊骇的；惊吓的
→
hrrify
v. 使惊骇；惊吓
4.
humid
潮湿的
→
humidify
v. 加湿
5.
intense
强烈的；激烈的
→
intensify
v. 增强；加剧
6.
just
公正的；正义的
→
justify
v. 为...辩解；证明...正确
7.
pure
纯净的；纯粹的
→
purify
v. 净化；提纯
8.
simple
简单的
→
simplify
v. 简化
9.
special
特殊的；特别的
→
specify
v. 具体说明；明确规定
10.
terrible
可怕的；恐怖的
→
terrify
v. 使恐惧；恐吓
其他以-ify结尾的常见动词有：
1.
beautify
v. 美化
2.
classify
v. 把...分类
3.
cdify
v. 编码
4.
disqualify
v. 使丧失资格
5.
dissatisfy
v. 使不满；使不平
6.
glrify
v. 颂扬；赞美
7.
identify
v. 识别；鉴定
8.
magnify
v. 放大；扩大
9.
mdify
v. 更改；修改
10.
ntify
v. 通知；通告
11.
qualify
v. 使具有资格
12.
satisfy
v. 使满意；使满足
13.
testify
v. 证明；证实
14.
unify
v. 统一；使成一体
15.
verify
v. 证实；查证
1.
height
n. 高度
→
heighten
v. 提高
2.
length
n. 长度
→
lengthen
v. 使变长
3.
strength
n. 强度
→
strengthen
v. 加强
以下动词直接加-ed变形容词：
1.
absrb
v. 吸收
→
absrbed
专心的；聚精会神的
2.
accustm
v. 使习惯于
→
accustmed
习惯的；惯常的
3.
learn
v. 学习；学会
→
learned
博学的
4.
limit
v. 限制
→
limited
有限的
5.
depress
v. 使沮丧
→
depressed
沮丧的
6.
disappint
v. 使失望
→
disappinted
失望的
7.
distinguish
v. 区别
→
distinguished
有区别的；著名的
8.
astnish
v. 使惊讶
→
astnished
感到惊讶的
9.
plish
v. 抛光；润色
→
plished
精致的
10.
disturb
v. 打扰；搅乱
→
disturbed
心烦意乱的
11.
embarrass
v. 使尴尬
→
embarrassed
尴尬的
12.
frighten
v. 使害怕；使恐惧
→
frightened
害怕的；恐惧的
13.
threaten
v. 威胁
→
threatened
受威胁的
14.
relax
v. 放松
→
relaxed
放松的
15.
shck
v. 使震惊
→
shcked
震惊的
16.
wund
v. 使受伤
→
wunded
受伤的
17.
blck
v. 堵塞
→
blcked
堵塞的；被封锁的
18.
twist
v. 扭曲；扭动
→
twisted
扭曲的；变形的
19.
steam
v. 蒸
→
steamed
蒸的；蒸熟的
20.
tast
v. 烘焙；烘烤
→
tasted
烘烤的；烤制的
21.
target
v. 以...为目标
→
targeted
定向的；目标的
22.
seat
v. 就坐
→
seated
坐着的；入座的
23.
repeat
v. 重复
→
repeated
重复的；反复的
24.
fix
v. 固定；修理
→
fixed
固定的
25.
ruin
v. 毁坏
→
ruined
已毁的；严重受损的
26.
match
v. 匹配；搭配
→
matched
相配的；势均力敌的
27.
want
v. 想要
→
wanted
招聘的；受通缉的
28.
interest
v. 使感兴趣
→
interested
感兴趣的
29.
cncern
v. 担忧；担心
→
cncerned
担心的，担忧的
30.
tuch
v. 感动；触摸
→
tuched
感动的
31.
delight
v. 使高兴
→
delighted
高兴的
32.
thrill
v. 使非常兴奋
→
thrilled
非常兴奋的
33.
develp
v. 发展；开发
→
develped
发达的
34.
distract
v. 使分神，使分心
→
distracted
注意力分散的
35.
anny
v. 使恼怒；使生气
→
annyed
恼怒的；气愤的
36.
disgust
v. 厌恶；憎恶
→
disgusted
厌恶的；反感的
37.
exhaust
v. 使筋疲力尽
→
exhausted
筋疲力尽的
38.
bil
v. 煮，煮沸
→
biled
煮过的
39.
endanger
v. 危及，危害
→
endangered
濒危的
40.
expect
v. 期待
→
unexpected
意外的；意想不到的
41.
desert
v. 抛弃；遗弃
→
deserted
废弃的；无人居住的
42.
exist
v. 存在
→
existed
已存在的；已有的
以下尾字母是e的动词直接加-d变形容词：
43.
cmplicate
v. 使复杂化
→
cmplicated
复杂的
44.
determine
v. 决定；有决心
→
determined
有决心的；坚定的
45.
devte
v. 奉献；投入
→
devted
挚爱的；忠诚的
46.
rganize
v. 组织
→
rganized
有组织的；有条理的
47.
relate
v. 联系
→
related
相关的；有联系的
48.
unite
v. 联合；团结
→
united
联合的；统一的
49.
amuse
v. 使高兴
→
amused
高兴的
50.
bre
v. 使厌倦
→
bred
厌倦的
51.
cnfuse
v. 使迷惑；困惑
→
cnfused
迷惑的，困惑的
52.
cnvince
v. 使相信
→
cnvinced
坚信不疑的
53.
excite
v. 使激动
→
excited
激动的；兴奋的
54.
surprise
v. 使惊讶
→
surprised
吃惊的
55.
tire
v. 使疲倦
→
tired
疲倦的
56.
injure
v. 受伤；伤害
→
injured
受伤的
57.
guarantee
v. 保证
→
guaranteed
肯定的；保证的
58.
schedule
v. 安排
→
scheduled
事先安排的
59.
rhyme
v. 使押韵
→
rhymed
押韵的
60.
fade
v. 褪色；逐渐消失
→
faded
已褪色的；已凋谢的
61.
pause
v. 中止；停止
→
paused
中止的；已暂停的
62.
encurage
v. 鼓励；鼓舞
→
encuraged
受鼓舞的
63.
discurage
v. 使灰心；使沮丧
→
discuraged
灰心的；沮丧的
64.
advance
v. 进步；提升
→
advanced
高级的；先进的
65.
mve
v. 搬动；感动
→
mved
受感动的
66.
inspire
v. 鼓舞；启发
→
inspired
受鼓舞的；受启发的
67.
retire
v. 退休
→
retired
已退休的
68.
please
v. 使高兴
→
pleased
高兴的
69.
puzzle
v. 使困惑，迷惑
→
puzzled
困惑的，迷惑的
70.
amaze
v. 使惊讶
→
amazed
惊讶的
71.
frustrate
v. 使懊恼；使沮丧
→
frustrated
懊恼的；沮丧的
72.
engage
v. 从事；聘用
→
engaged
忙于；从事于
73.
reserve
v. 保留；预定
→
reserved
含蓄的；内向的
74.
discipline
v. 管教；训练
→
disciplined
遵守纪律的
75.
restre
v. 修复；恢复
→
restred
恢复了的；已修复的
76.
invlve
v. 涉及；参与
→
invlved
有关联的；卷入的
77.
educate
v. 教育
→
educated
受过教育的
78.
update
v. 更新
→
updated
更新的
79.
expse
v. 揭露；接触
→
expsed
无遮蔽的；无保护的
80.
apprve
v. 赞成；同意
→
apprved
被正式认可的
81.
integrate
v. 使合并；整合
→
integrated
集成的；综合的
82.
challenge
v. 挑战
→
challenged
受到挑战的
83.
pllute
v. 污染
→
plluted
被污染的
84.
scare
v. 使害怕;吓唬
→
scared
害怕的
85.
custmize
v. 定制；定做
→
custmized
定制的；定做的
以下动词双写尾字母，再加-ed变形容词：
86.
jam
v. 堵塞
→
jammed
堵塞的；被封锁的
87.
trap
v. 困住；陷入
→
trapped
受困的；受到限制的
88.
cmmit
v. 承诺；犯（罪）
→
cmmitted
尽心尽力的；坚定的
以下动词变y为i, 再加-ed变形容词：
89.
satisfy
v. 使满意
→
satisfied
满意的
90.
fry
v. 油炸；炸
→
fried
油炸的；油煎的
91.
wrry
v. 担心，担忧
→
wrried
担心的
92.
terrify
v. 使恐惧；惊吓
→
terrified
恐惧的
93.
vary
v. 不同于；有区别
→
varied
各种各样的；形形色色的
94.
ccupy
v. 占用；占据
→
ccupied
忙于；使用中的
95.
simplify
v. 简化
→
simplified
简化的
以下不规则动词的过去分词形式作为形容词：
96.
break
v. 破坏；打破
→
brken
破碎的；坏掉的
97.
speak
v. 说（语言）；发言
→
spken
口头的；口语的
98.
wear
v. 穿；戴；磨损
→
wrn
用旧的；用坏的
99.
tear
v. 撕裂
→
trn
犹豫的；举棋不定的
100.
drink
v. 喝酒；喝
→
drunk
喝醉的
101.
burn
v. 燃烧
→
burnt
烧毁的；烧掉的
102.
freeze
v. 使冻结；冻住
→
frzen
冷冻的；结冰的
以下动词直接加-ing变形容词：
1.
disturb
v. 打扰；搅乱
→
disturbing
令人不安的
2.
lead
v. 领导
→
leading
领先的
3.
mislead
v. 误导
→
misleading
误导的；引入歧途的
4.
bleed
v. 流血
→
bleeding
流血的
5.
bind
v. 绑定；约束
→
binding
有法律约束力的
6.
demand
v. 要求
→
demanding
要求高的
7.
expand
v. 扩大；扩展
→
expanding
扩大的；扩展的
8.
understand
v. 理解
→
understanding
善解人意的
9.
crrespnd
v.符合；一致
→
crrespnding
符合的；一致的
10.
surrund
v. 环绕；包围
→
surrunding
周围的
11.
reward
v. 奖励；回报
→
rewarding
有意义的；值得做的
12.
die
v. 死亡
→
dying
奄奄一息的；垂死的
13.
catch
v. 感染；抓住
→
catching
传染性的
14.
tuch
v. 感动；触摸
→
tuching
感人的
15.
astnish
v. 使大为惊讶
→
astnishing
令人大为惊讶的
16.
refresh
v. 使振作精神
→
refreshing
令人精神爽快的
17.
shck
v. 使震惊
→
shcking
令人震惊的
18.
appeal
v. 吸引
→
appealing
有吸引力的
19.
bil
v. 煮，煮沸
→
biling
沸腾的；煮沸的
20.
thrill
v. 使非常兴奋
→
thrilling
令人兴奋不已的
21.
seem
v. 看起来；似乎
→
seeming
表面上的；貌似...的
22.
verwhelm
v. 压倒；压垮
→
verwhelming
压倒性的；巨大的
23.
bm
v. 繁荣；激增
→
bming
繁荣的；激增的
24.
blm
v. 开花；变得健康
→
blming
兴旺的；青春健美的
25.
alarm
v. 使担心；使害怕
→
alarming
令人惊慌的
26.
lean
v. 倾斜；依靠
→
leaning
倾斜的
27.
frighten
v. 使害怕；使恐惧
→
frightening
令人害怕的
28.
threaten
v. 威胁
→
threatening
威胁的
29.
entertain
v. 使快乐；娱乐
→
entertaining
娱乐的；使人高兴的
30.
remain
v. 剩余
→
remaining
剩余的
31.
cncern
v. 担忧；担心
→
cncerning
令人担忧的
32.
burn
v. 燃烧
→
burning
燃烧的；灼烧的
33.
run
v. 奔跑；流动
→
running
奔跑的；流动的
34.
develp
v. 发展；开发
→
develping
发展中的
35.
embarrass
v. 使尴尬；使窘迫
→
embarrassing
令人尴尬的
36.
depress
v. 使沮丧
→
depressing
令人沮丧的
37.
miss
v. 丢失
→
missing
丢失的；不见的
38.
flat
v. 漂浮
→
flating
浮动的；漂浮的
39.
distract
v. 使分神，使分心
→
distracting
令人分神的
40.
uplift
v. 提高；振奋
→
uplifting
令人振奋的
41.
disappint
v. 使失望
→
disappinting
令人失望的
42.
tempt
v. 引诱，诱惑
→
tempting
诱人的；有吸引力的
43.
start
v. 开始
→
starting
开始的，起始的
44.
last
v. 持续
→
lasting
持久的；持续的
45.
exist
v. 存在
→
existing
现行的；现存的
46.
interest
v. 使感兴趣
→
interesting
有趣的
47.
exhaust
v. 使筋疲力尽
→
exhausting
令人精疲力尽的
48.
disgust
v. 厌恶；憎恶
→
disgusting
令人厌恶的
49.
fllw
v. 跟随；
→
fllwing
接下来的
50.
grw
v. 成长
→
grwing
增长的；增加的
51.
relax
v. 放松
→
relaxing
令人放松的
52.
terrify
v. 使恐惧；惊吓
→
terrifying
可怕的；令人恐惧的
53.
satisfy
v. 使满意
→
satisfying
令人满意的
54.
anny
v. 使恼怒；使生气
→
annying
烦人的；令人恼怒的
55.
wrry
v. 担心，担忧
→
wrrying
令人担心的
以下动词去尾字母e后,加-ing变形容词：
56.
cnvince
v. 使相信
→
cnvincing
令人信服的
57.
pierce
v. 刺穿；刺破
→
piercing
刺耳的；刺骨的
58.
damage
v. 破坏
→
damaging
损害的；有害的
59.
encurage
v. 鼓励；鼓舞
→
encuraging
令人鼓舞的
60.
discurage
v. 使灰心；使沮丧
→
discuraging
令人沮丧的
61.
challenge
v. 挑战
→
challenging
具有挑战性的
62.
ache
v. 疼痛
→
aching
疼痛的
63.
strike
v. 撞击；击打
→
striking
惊人的；显著的
64.
prvke
v. 激起；刺激
→
prvking
令人焦躁的
65.
sparkle
v. 闪耀；闪烁
→
sparkling
闪耀的；起泡的
66.
puzzle
v. 使困惑，迷惑
→
puzzling
令人迷惑的
67.
cme
v. 来，到来
→
cming
即将到来的
68.
decline
v. 减少；拒绝
→
declining
a 下滑的；衰退的
69.
care
v. 在乎；关心
→
caring
体贴的；考虑周到的
70.
dare
v. 敢于；胆敢
→
daring
勇敢的
71.
inspire
v. 鼓舞；启发
→
inspiring
令人鼓舞的
72.
tire
v. 使疲倦
→
tiring
令人疲倦的
73.
bre
v. 使厌倦
→
bring
无聊的；令人乏味的
74.
increase
v. 增加
→
increasing
越来越多的；增多的
75.
please
v. 使高兴
→
pleasing
令人愉悦的
76.
prmise
v. 承诺
→
prmising
有前途的；有希望的
77.
surprise
v. 使惊讶
→
surprising
令人惊讶的
78.
cnfuse
v. 使迷惑；困惑
→
cnfusing
令人困惑的
79.
amuse
v. 使高兴
→
amusing
令人高兴的
80.
humiliate
v. 羞辱
→
humiliating
丢脸的；让人蒙羞的
81.
stimulate
v. 刺激；激励
→
stimulating
振奋人心的；激励人的
82.
fascinate
v. 吸引
→
fascinating
吸引人的；迷人的
83.
frustrate
v. 使懊恼；使沮丧
→
frustrating
令人懊恼的；
84.
excite
v. 使激动
→
exciting
令人激动的
85.
live
v. 生活
→
living
活着的；有生命的
86.
thrive
v. 繁荣；兴旺
→
thriving
繁荣的；兴旺发达的
87.
lve
v. 爱，喜爱
→
lving
充满爱的
88.
mve
v. 搬动；感动
→
mving
令人感动的
89.
apprve
v. 赞成；同意
→
apprving
赞成的
90.
we
v. 拖欠；归因于
→
wing
未付的；归因于...的
91.
amaze
v. 使惊讶
→
amazing
神奇的；令人惊讶的
92.
freeze
v. 使冻结；冻住
→
freezing
冰冻的；寂冷的
以下动词双写尾字母，再加-ing变形容词：
93.
stun
v. 使震惊
→
stunning
令人震惊的；绝妙的
以下动词直接加-able变形容词：
1.
adapt
v. 适应；改编
→
adaptable
能适应的
2.
adjust
v. 调整
→
adjustable
可调整的
3.
respect
v. 尊敬；尊重
→
respectable
值得尊敬的；得体的
4.
predict
v. 预测
→
predictable
可预测的；可预见的
5.
accept
v. 接受；同意
→
acceptable
可接受的
6.
cmfrt
v. 安慰；抚慰
→
cmfrtable
舒服的
7.
suit
v. 适合
→
suitable
适合的
8.
prt
v. 移植
→
prtable
便携式的；手提的
9.
eat
v. 食用，吃
→
eatable
可食用的
10.
cunt
v. 数数
→
cuntable
可数的
11.
bear
v. 容忍
→
unbearable
无法容忍的
12.
favr
v. 偏袒；喜爱
→
favrable
有利的；赞同的
13.
hnr
v. 表彰；致敬
→
hnrable
光荣的；荣誉的
14.
cnsider
v. 考虑
→
cnsiderable
可观的；相当多的
15.
distinguish
v. 区分；辨别
→
distinguishable
可辨识的
16.
punish
v. 惩罚
→
punishable
可依法惩处的
17.
wash
v. 洗涤；冲刷
→
washable
可洗的
18.
apprach
v. 接近，靠近
→
apprachable
可接近的；和蔼可亲的
19.
avid
v. 避免
→
unavidable
不可避免的
20.
recmmend
v. 推荐，建议
→
recmmendable
值得推荐的；可取的
21.
read
v. 阅读
→
readable
可读的
22.
affrd
v. 买得起
→
affrdable
买得起的；负担的起的
23.
understand
v. 理解，明白
→
understandable
可理解的
24.
refill
v. 重新装满
→
refillable
可重复填充使用的
25.
avail
v. 有益；有帮助
→
available
可获得的；有空的
26.
agree
v. 同意
→
agreeable
宜人的
27.
ntice
v. 注意到；通知
→
nticeable
显著的；显而易见的
28.
change
v. 改变
→
changeable
可改变的
29.
replace
v. 代替
→
replaceable
可替换的；可被替代的
30.
enjy
v. 喜爱；享受
→
enjyable
令人愉快的
31.
pardn
v. 原谅
→
pardnable
可宽恕的
32.
sustain
v. 维持；支撑
→
sustainable
可持续的
33.
shrink
v. 收缩；缩水
→
shrinkable
会收缩的
34.
remark
v. 评论
→
remarkable
非凡的；引人注目的
35.
break
v. 破坏
→
unbreakable
牢不可破的
以下动词双写尾字母t, 再加-able变形容词：
36.
frget
v. 忘记
→
unfrgettable
无法忘记的；难忘的
以下动词去尾字母e, 再加-able变形容词：
37.
recycle
v. 回收利用
→
recyclable
可回收利用的
38.
achieve
v. 获得；实现
→
achievable
可获得的；可实现的
39.
preserve
v. 保护；保留
→
preservable
可保存的
40.
cnceive
v. 设想；构想
→
cnceivable
可想像的；可信的
41.
frgive
v. 原谅
→
unfrgivable
不可原谅的
42.
mve
v. 移动
→
mvable
可移动的
43.
believe
v. 相信
→
unbelievable
难以置信的
44.
prve
v. 证明
→
prvable
可证明的
45.
cmpare
v. 比较
→
cmparable
相比较的；可比较的
46.
admire
v. 钦佩；赞赏
→
admirable
令人钦佩的
47.
desire
v. 渴望
→
desirable
令人向往的；值得做的
48.
acquire
v. 获得；习得
→
acquirable
可获得的
49.
adre
v. 热爱；爱慕
→
adrable
可爱的；讨人喜欢的
50.
reuse
v. 再利用
→
reusable
可再使用的
51.
advise
v. 建议
→
advisable
明智的；可取的
52.
recgnize
v. 辨认；辨别
→
recgnizable
可辨认的；可识别的
以下动词变尾字母y为i, 再加-able变形容词：
53.
rely
v. 依靠；信赖
→
reliable
可依靠的；可信赖的
54.
vary
v. 不同；有区别
→
variable
多变的；易变的
55.
deny
v. 否认
→
deniable
可否认的；可拒绝的
以下动词变尾字母y为i, 再加-cable变形容词：
56.
apply
v. 应用；申请
→
applicable
可应用的；可申请的
以下动词去尾字母ate, 再加-able变形容词：
57.
appreciate
v. 感激；欣赏
→
appreciable
可观的；足以认为重要的
58.
negtiate
v. 谈判；商议
→
negtiable
可协商的；可谈判的
59.
tlerate
v. 容忍
→
tlerable
可接受的；可容忍的
以下动词直接加-ible变形容词：
60.
flex
v. 弯曲；活动
→
flexible
灵活的；柔韧的
61.
access
v. 访问；使用
→
accessible
可进入的；容易理解的
以下动词去掉尾字母d / e / it后, 再加-ible变形容词：
62.
respnd
v. 回复；回应
→
respnsible
负责的
63.
sense
v. 感觉
→
sensible
明智的；合乎情理的
64.
credit
v. 相信
→
credible
可信的
以下动词直接加-ive变形容词：
1.
attract
v. 吸引
→
attractive
吸引人的
2.
prtect
v. 保护
→
prtective
保护性的
3.
cllect
v. 收集；收藏
→
cllective
共同的
4.
respect
v. 尊敬
→
respective
各自的；分别的
5.
reflect
v. 反应；反射
→
reflective
沉思的；思考的
6.
detect
v. 侦察；侦测
→
detective
侦探的
7.
addict
v. 使入迷
→
addictive
令人入迷的
8.
supprt
v. 支持
→
supprtive
支持的
9.
adapt
v. 适应
→
adaptive
适应的；适应性强的
10.
express
v. 表达
→
expressive
富于感情的
11.
prgress
v. 进步；进展
→
prgressive
有进展的；先进的
12.
impress
v. 使印象深刻
→
impressive
令人印象深刻的
以下动词去尾字母e, 再加-ive变形容词：
13.
cmmunicate
v. 交流；沟通
→
cmmunicative
乐意沟通的
14.
create
v. 创作，创造
→
creative
有创造力的；有创造性的
15.
appreciate
v. 感激；欣赏
→
appreciative
感激的
16.
assciate
v. 联系；联想
→
assciative
联想的
17.
accumulate
v. 积累
→
accumulative
积累的
18.
calculate
v. 计算
→
calculative
需计算的；工于心计的
19.
cperate
v. 合作
→
cperative
合作的
20.
administrate
v. 管理
→
administrative
管理的；行政的
21.
innvate
v. 创新
→
innvative
创新的
22.
abuse
v. 虐待；滥用
→
abusive
辱骂的；滥用的
23.
reprduce
v. 繁殖；再生产
→
reprductive
繁殖的
24.
prduce
v. 生产
→
prductive
多产的；有产出的
以下动词直接加-ative变形容词：
25.
represent
v. 代表
→
representative
代表性的
以下动词去尾字母e, 再加-ative变形容词：
26.
cnserve
v. 保护；保留
→
cnservative
保守的
27.
cmpare
v. 比较
→
cmparative
比较的；相比的
以下动词直接加-itive变形容词：
28.
add
v. 添加
→
additive
附加的
以下动词去字母e / a, 再加-itive变形容词：
29.
cmpete
v. 比赛；竞争
→
cmpetitive
有竞争力的；竞争性的
30.
repeat
v. 重复
→
repetitive
重复的；重复乏味的
以下动词去尾字母d / de, 再加-sive变形容词
31.
cmprehend
v. 理解
→
cmprehensive
全面的；理解的
32.
defend
v. 防御；防卫
→
defensive
防御性的
33.
ffend
v. 冒犯
→
ffensive
冒犯的
34.
extend
v. 给予；延长
→
extensive
广泛的；广阔的
35.
explde
v. 爆炸
→
explsive
爆炸性的
36.
exclude
v. 排除；不包括
→
exclusive
排外的；独家的
37.
include
v. 包括
→
inclusive
包容的
38.
invade
v. 入侵
→
invasive
侵入性的；入侵的
39.
decide
v. 决定
→
decisive
决定性的；关键的
以下动词直接加-ant变形容词：
1.
expect
v. 期望
→
expectant
期望的
2.
assist
v. 帮助
→
assistant
辅助的；副的
3.
resist
v. 抵制
→
resistant
有抵抗力的；抵抗的
4.
ascend
v. 上升
→
ascendant
上升的
5.
triumph
v. 成功；战胜
→
triumphant
胜利的；成功的
以下动词去尾字母e, 再加-ant变形容词：
6.
please
v. 使高兴
→
pleasant
令人高兴的
7.
ignre
v. 忽视；忽略
→
ignrant
无知的
8.
bserve
v. 观察
→
bservant
善于观察的；留心的
以下动词去尾字母ate, 再加-ant变形容词：
9.
tlerate
v. 容忍
→
tlerant
宽容的；容忍的
10.
hesitate
v. 犹豫
→
hesitant
忧郁的
11.
dminate
v. 统治；主宰
→
dminant
统治的；主宰的
12.
immigrate
v. 迁徙；移民
→
immigrant
移民的
13.
vibrate
v. 振动
→
vibrant
振动的
以下动词直接加-ent变形容词：
1.
depend
v. 依靠；依赖
→
independent
独立的
2.
persist
v. 坚持；保持
→
persistent
坚持不懈的
3.
differ
v. 不同；有区别
→
different
不同的
4.
exist
v. 存在
→
existent
存在的；实有的
5.
cnsist
v.包括；在于
→
cnsistent
始终如一的；一致的
以下动词去尾字母e, 再加-ent变形容词：
6.
urge
v. 竭力主张
→
urgent
急切的；紧迫的
1.
cntinue
v. 继续；持续
→
cntinuus
持续的
2.
envy
v. 嫉妒
→
envius
嫉妒的
3.
infect
v. 感染
→
infectius
感染的
1.
frget
v. 忘记
→
frgetful
健忘的
2.
thank
v. 感谢
→
thankful
感谢的，感激的
3.
play
v. 玩耍
→
playful
爱玩耍的
4.
delight
v. 使高兴
→
delightful
令人高兴的
5.
fear
v. 害怕
→
fearful
可怕的
6.
regret
v. 后悔；遗憾
→
regretful
后悔的；遗憾的
1.
cunt
v. 计数；数数
→
cuntless
无数的；数不清的
2.
tire
v. 使疲劳；困倦
→
tireless
不知疲倦的
3.
cease
v. 停止
→
ceaseless
无休止的
4.
regard
v. 认为；考虑
→
regardless
不注意的；不留心的
5.
rest
v. 休息
→
restless
坐立不安的
6.
dubt
v. 怀疑
→
dubtless
无疑的
7.
blame
v. 责备
→
blameless
无可指责的
8.
end
v. 结束
→
endless
无止境的
以下动词直接加-y变形容词
1.
stick
v. 粘贴；黏贴
→
sticky
黏性的
2.
sleep
v. 睡觉
→
sleepy
困倦的
3.
push
v. 推动；督促
→
pushy
有进取心的
4.
pick
v. 挑选；采摘
→
picky
挑剔的；催毛求疵的
5.
chew
v. 咀嚼
→
chewy
有嚼劲的
以下动词去尾字母e, 再加-y变形容词：
6.
scare
v. 使害怕；吓唬
→
scary
吓人的；恐怖的
1.
cmpliment
v. 赞美；称赞
→
cmplimentary
赞美的；敬佩的
1.
cnsider
v. 考虑
→
cnsiderate
考虑周到的；体贴的
■ 以下名词直接加-y变形容词：
1.
clud
n. 云
→
cludy
多云的
2.
rain
n. 雨
→
rainy
下雨的
3.
snw
n. 雪
→
snwy
下雪的
4.
wind
n. 风
→
windy
刮风的
5.
frst
n. 霜
→
frsty
寒冷的；有霜的
6.
strm
n. 暴风雨
→
strmy
暴风雨的
7.
mist
n. 薄雾
→
misty
有薄雾的
8.
thunder
n. 雷电
→
thundery
打雷的
9.
chill
n. 寒冷
→
chilly
寒冷的
10.
health
n. 健康
→
healthy
健康的
11.
wealth
n. 财富
→
wealthy
富有的
12.
luck
n. 运气
→
lucky
幸运的
13.
dirt
n. 泥土
→
dirty
肮脏的
14.
dust
n. 灰尘
→
dusty
布满灰尘的
15.
mess
n. 脏乱；混乱
→
messy
脏乱的；混乱的
16.
bld
n. 血
→
bldy
血腥的
17.
greed
n. 贪婪
→
greedy
贪婪的
18.
guilt
n. 内疚
→
guilty
内疚的
19.
thirst
n. 口渴
→
thirsty
口渴的；渴望的
20.
smell
n. 气味；臭味
→
smelly
难闻的
21.
salt
n. 盐
→
salty
咸的
22.
sugar
n. 糖，砂糖
→
sugary
含糖的，甜的
23.
pwder
n. 粉末
→
pwdery
粉末状的
24.
hill
n. 山，山丘
→
hilly
多山的
25.
leaf
n. 叶子
→
leafy
树叶茂盛的
26.
trick
n. 花招；把戏
→
tricky
棘手的
27.
wrth
n. 价值
→
wrthy
有价值的
28.
hand
n. 手
→
handy
手边的；便利的
29.
muth
n. 嘴
→
muthy
满嘴的
30.
fx
n. 狐狸
→
fxy
狡猾的
31.
fish
n. 鱼
→
fishy
有鱼腥味的；可以的
32.
sleep
n. 睡觉，睡眠
→
sleepy
困倦的
33.
wd
n. 木头
→
wdy
树木茂密的
34.
water
n. 水
→
watery
多水的；如水的
35.
silk
n. 丝绸
→
silky
丝绸般的
36.
ink
n. 墨水
→
inky
有墨迹的
37.
silver
n. 银
→
silvery
似银的
38.
air
n. 空气
→
airy
空气的；轻快的
39.
cheek
n. 脸颊
→
cheeky
厚脸皮的；放肆的
40.
milk
n. 牛奶
→
milky
乳白色的
41.
rck
n. 岩石
→
rcky
岩石的；坎坷的
42.
steel
n. 钢铁
→
steely
坚定的；钢铁般的
43.
feather
n. 羽毛
→
feathery
羽毛似的；轻软的
44.
bss
n. 老板
→
bssy
爱发号施令的
45.
risk
n. 风险，冒险
→
risky
冒险的；有危险的
46.
thrat
n. 咽喉
→
thraty
低沉的；沙哑的
47.
weed
n. 野草
→
weedy
杂草丛生的
48.
speed
n. 速度
→
speedy
迅速的
49.
grain
n. 谷物；颗粒
→
grainy
颗粒状的；粗糙的
50.
wax
n. 蜡
→
waxy
蜡制的；苍白的
51.
glue
n. 胶水
→
gluey
有黏性的；胶质的
52.
sex
n. 性，性别
→
sexy
性感的，迷人的
53.
shadw
n. 阴影；影子
→
shadwy
阴暗的；幽暗的
54.
scratch
n. 划痕
→
scratchy
扎人的；刺痒的
55.
il
n. 油；石油
→
ily
含油的；谄媚的
56.
might
n. 强大力量；威力
→
mighty
强大的
57.
fault
n. 过失；缺点
→
faulty
错误的
■ 以下名词双写尾字母，再加-y变形容词：
58.
star
n. 星星
→
starry
布满星星的
59.
fat
n. 肥胖；脂肪
→
fatty
肥的；脂肪含量高的
60.
fun
n. 快乐；乐趣
→
funny
滑稽的；好笑的
61.
mud
n. 泥土
→
muddy
泥泞的
62.
sun
n. 太阳
→
sunny
阳光明媚的
63.
fg
n. 雾
→
fggy
有雾的
64.
smg
n. 烟雾；雾霾
→
smggy
烟雾弥漫的
65.
knt
n. 结；节；疤节
→
kntty
有节疤的；有困难的
66.
chat
n. 聊天；闲聊
→
chatty
健谈的；饶舌的
67.
pet
n. 宠物
→
petty
小的；狭隘的
68.
weight
n. 重量
→
weighty
重的；有份量的
69.
wit
n. 机智；风趣
→
witty
机智的；风趣的
70.
thrift
n. 节俭；节约
→
thrifty
节俭的；节约的
■ 以下名词去字母e后，再加-y变形容词：
71.
ice
n. 冰
→
icy
结冰的
72.
haze
n. 雾霾
→
hazy
朦胧的；模糊不清的
73.
nise
n. 噪音
→
nisy
吵闹的；喧闹的
74.
anger
n. 愤怒
→
angry
愤怒的
75.
hunger
n. 饥饿
→
hungry
饥饿的
76.
taste
n. 味道
→
tasty
美味的
77.
juice
n. 果汁
→
juicy
多汁的
78.
rse
n. 玫瑰
→
rsy
玫瑰色的
79.
bubble
n. 气泡
→
bubbly
多泡的
80.
smke
n. 烟
→
smky
多烟的
81.
snake
n. 蛇
→
snaky
似蛇的；阴险的
82.
shade
n. 阴凉处
→
shady
阴凉的；背阴的
83.
stne
n. 石头
→
stny
多石的；冷酷的
84.
paste
n. 糨糊；糊状物
→
pasty
脸色苍白的
□ 其余的以-y结尾的常见形容词：
1.
clumsy
行动笨拙的
2.
czy
舒适的
3.
dizzy
头晕目眩的
4.
merry
快乐的
5.
yummy
美味的，好吃的
6.
dwny
充满绒毛的
7.
spicy
辣的
8.
stinky
臭的
9.
greasy
油腻的
10.
chewy
有嚼劲的
11.
crispy
脆的
12.
happy
快乐的
13.
easy
容易的
14.
heavy
重的
15.
pushy
有进取心的
16.
sticky
粘乎乎的；难办的
17.
picky
挑剔的
18.
scary
吓人的；恐怖的
19.
crazy
疯狂的
20.
busy
忙的，忙碌的
21.
empty
空的
22.
tidy
整洁的
23.
musty
发霉的；发臭的
24.
nasty
龌龊的；肮脏的
25.
naughty
顽皮的；淘气的
26.
lusty
精力充沛的
27.
lfty
高耸的；高尚的
28.
haughty
傲慢的；轻蔑的
29.
dughty
勇猛的；勇敢的
30.
natty
整洁的；漂亮的
■ 以下名词直接加-ly变形容词：
1.
time
n. 时间
→
timely
及时的
2.
hur
n. 小时
→
hurly
每小时的
3.
day
n. 天，白天
→
daily
每天的，一天一次的
4.
week
n. 星期，周
→
weekly
每周的，一周一次的
5.
mnth
n. 月，月份
→
mnthly
每月的，一月一次的
6.
quarter
n. 季度
→
quarter
季度的，一季一次的
7.
year
n. 年，年度
→
yearly
每年的，一年一次的
8.
night
n. 晚上
→
nightly
每晚的
9.
cst
n. 成本，费用
→
cstly
昂贵的
10.
lve
n. 爱
→
lvely
可爱的
11.
friend
n. 朋友
→
friendly
友好的
12.
father
n. 父亲
→
fatherly
父亲般的
13.
mther
n. 母亲
→
mtherly
母亲般的
14.
brther
n. 兄弟
→
brtherly
兄弟般的
15.
sister
n. 姐妹
→
sisterly
姐妹般的
16.
heaven
n. 天堂
→
heavenly
天堂般的；美好的
17.
earth
n. 地球；土地
→
earthly
大地的；世俗的
18.
hme
n. 家
→
hmely
平凡的；朴实的
19.
rder
n. 顺序
→
rderly
整齐的
20.
manner
n. 方法；礼仪
→
mannerly
有礼貌的
21.
man
n. 男人，男子
→
manly
男子气的
22.
wman
n. 女人，女子
→
wmanly
女子气的
23.
wife
n. 妻子
→
wifely
妻子般的
24.
cmrade
n. 同志
→
cmradely
同志般的
25.
sight
n. 景色；视线
→
sightly
悦目的
26.
shape
n. 形状；身材
→
shapely
匀称的
27.
ghst
n. 鬼魂
→
ghstly
鬼一般的
28.
bdy
n. 身体
→
bdily
内体的
29.
cward
n. 胆小鬼
→
cwardly
胆小的
□ 其余的以-ly结尾的常见形容词：
1.
elderly
年老的
2.
lively
活泼的；色彩鲜艳的
3.
lnely
孤独的
4.
likely
可能的
5.
deadly
致命的
6.
early
早的
7.
silly
傻的
8.
ugly
丑陋的
9.
hly
神圣的
10.
curly
卷曲的
11.
seemly
适宜的
12.
cmely
清秀的
13.
gdly
相当大的
14.
wily
诡计多端的
15.
crumbly
易碎的
16.
stately
堂皇的；威严的
17.
prickly
多刺的
18.
nly
唯一的
■ 以下名词直接加-al变形容词：
1.
natin
n. 国家；民族
→
natinal
国家的；民族的
2.
traditin
n. 传统
→
traditinal
传统的
3.
educatin
n. 教育
→
educatinal
有教育意义的
4.
emtin
n. 情绪
→
emtinal
情绪（上）的
5.
fictin
n. 小说；虚幻
→
fictinal
虚构的
6.
frictin
n. 摩擦
→
frictinal
由摩擦产生的
7.
functin
n. 功能
→
functinal
功能的
8.
cnventin
n. 传统
→
cnventinal
传统的
9.
cnditin
n. 条件
→
cnditinal
有条件的
10.
peratin
n. 操作；手术
→
peratinal
可操作的；手术的
11.
exceptin
n. 例外
→
exceptinal
例外的
12.
additin
n. 添加；增加
→
additinal
额外的
13.
ptin
n. 选项
→
ptinal
非强制的
14.
prfessin
n. 专业，特长
→
prfessinal
专业的
15.
regin
n. 地区
→
reginal
地区的
16.
dimensin
n. 维度
→
dimensinal
维度的
17.
persn
n. 个人
→
persnal
个人的
18.
frm
n. 形式；表格
→
frmal
正式的
19.
digit
n. 数字
→
digital
数字的
20.
accident
n. 事故；意外
→
accidental
意外的
21.
arithmetic
n. 算术
→
arithmetical
算术的
22.
cast
n. 海岸
→
castal
沿海的
23.
margin
n. 边缘
→
marginal
边缘的
24.
element
n. 要素；元素
→
elemental
基本的
25.
mnument
n. 纪念碑
→
mnumental
纪念碑的
26.
seasn
n. 季节
→
seasnal
季节性的
27.
dctr
n. 医生；博士
→
dctral
医生的
28.
nutritin
n. 营养
→
nutritinal
营养的
29.
critic
n. 批评家
→
critical
批评的；批判的
30.
ethic
n. 道德；伦理
→
ethical
合乎道德的
31.
clinic
n. 诊所
→
clinical
临床的
32.
trpic
n. 热带
→
trpical
热带的
33.
herb
n. 草药
→
herbal
草药的
34.
music
n. 音乐
→
musical
音乐的
35.
envirnment
n. 环境
→
envirnmental
环境的
36.
lgic
n. 逻辑
→
lgical
逻辑的
37.
rigin
n. 起源
→
riginal
起初的
■ 以下名词需去结尾的e / y / s / ity等字母后加-al变形容词：
38.
physics
n. 物理
→
physical
物理的；实体的
39.
nature
n. 自然
→
natural
自然的
40.
agriculture
n. 农业
→
agricultural
农业的
41.
bride
n. 新娘
→
bridal
新娘的
42.
center/centre
n. 中心；中央
→
central
中心的；中央的
43.
culture
n. 文化
→
cultural
文化的
44.
glbe
n. 全球；世界
→
glbal
全球的，世界的
45.
structure
n. 结构
→
structural
a.结构性的
46.
universe
n. 宇宙
→
universal
普遍的；宇宙的
47.
practice
n. 练习；实践
→
practical
实用的；切合实际的
48.
neurn
n. 神经
→
neural
神经的
49.
fate
n. 命运
→
fatal
命运的
50.
electricity
n. 电
→
electrical
与电有关的
51.
architecture
n. 建筑(学)
→
architectural
建筑(学)的
52.
sciety
n. 社会
→
scial
社会的
53.
medicine
n. 药；医学
→
medical
医学的
54.
plitics
n. 政治
→
plitical
政治的
■ 以下名词需将结尾的e/y变成i再加-al变形容词：
55.
ffice
n. 办公室
→
fficial
官方的；正式的
56.
cmmerce
n. 商业
→
cmmercial
商业的
57.
race
n. 种族
→
racial
种族的
58.
face
n. 面部，脸
→
facial
脸部的
59.
tide
n. 潮汐
→
tidal
潮汐的
60.
industry
n. 工业；行业
→
industrial
工业的；行业的
61.
finance
n. 经济；财政
→
financial
经济的
62.
memry
n. 记忆
→
memrial
记忆的；纪念的
■ 以下名词需将结尾的e/y变成i或去掉若干字母后再加cal变形容词：
63.
psychlgy
n. 心理学
→
psychlgical
心理学的
64.
scilgy
n. 社会学
→
scilgical
社会学的
65.
bilgy
n. 生物学
→
bilgical
生物学的
66.
btany
n. 植物学
→
btanical
植物学的
67.
technlgy
n. 技术；科技
→
technlgical
技术的；科技的
68.
eclgy
n. 生态学
→
eclgical
生态学的
69.
zlgy
n. 动物学
→
zlgical
动物学的
70.
thelgy
n. 神学
→
thelgical
神学的
71.
histry
n. 历史
→
histrical
有历史意义的
72.
ecnmy
n. 经济
→
ecnmical
经济的
73.
thery
n. 理论
→
theretical
理论性的
74.
type
n. 类型
→
typical
典型的；通常的
75.
chemistry
n. 化学
→
chemical
化学的
76.
surgery
n. 外科手术
→
surgical
手术的
77.
technique
n. 技术；技艺
→
technical
技术的；技艺的
■ 以下名词去尾字母ce, 再加-tial变形容词：
78.
substance
n. 物质
→
substantial
物质的
79.
essence
n. 本质
→
essential
本质的；必不可少的
80.
influence
n. 影响
→
influential
有影响的
■ 以下名词去尾字母t, 再加-cial变形容词：
81.
benefit
n. 益处；利益
→
beneficial
有益的
以下名词直接加-ual变形容词：
82.
spirit
n. 精神
→
spiritual
精神的
83.
sex
n. 性别
→
sexual
性别的
84.
habit
n. 习惯
→
habitual
习惯性的
■ 以下名词直接加-l变形容词：
85.
bacteria
n. 细菌
→
bacterial
细菌的
■ 以下名词变尾字母e为i, 再加-nal变形容词：
86.
crime
n. 犯罪
→
criminal
犯罪的
■ 以下名词加-tal变形容词：
87.
hrizn
n. 水平；地平线
→
hrizntal
水平的
■ 以下名词变字母i为e, 去尾字母d, 再加-tal变形容词：
88.
mind
n. 思维；头脑
→
mental
思维的；头脑的
■ 以下名词直接加-ful变形容词：
1.
peace
n. 和平；宁静
→
peaceful
和平的；宁静的
2.
wnder
n. 奇迹
→
wnderful
精彩的；绝妙的
3.
hpe
n. 希望
→
hpeful
有希望的
4.
use
n. 用处
→
useful
有用的
5.
fear
n. 恐惧，害怕
→
fearful
令人害怕的
6.
help
n. 帮助
→
helpful
有帮助的
7.
care
n. 小心；谨慎
→
careful
小心的；细心的
8.
clr
n. 颜色
→
clrful
多姿多彩的
9.
success
n. 成功
→
successful
成功的
10.
jy
n. 快乐
→
jyful
快乐的
11.
respect
n. 尊敬
→
respectful
令人尊敬的
12.
dubt
n. 怀疑
→
dubtful
令人怀疑的
13.
fruit
n. 水果
→
fruitful
富有成果的
14.
srrw
n. 悲伤
→
srrwful
令人悲伤的
15.
meaning
n. 含义；意义
→
meaningful
有意义的
16.
harm
n. 伤害；害处
→
harmful
有害的
17.
shame
n. 羞愧，惭愧
→
shameful
令人羞愧的
18.
thught
n. 想法
→
thughtful
考虑周到的
19.
skill
n. 技巧，技能
→
skilful
有技术的
20.
cheer
n. 喝彩；欢呼
→
cheerful
兴高采烈的
21.
pain
n. 痛苦
→
painful
痛苦的
22.
delight
n. 兴奋
→
delightful
令人兴奋的
23.
pwer
n. 力量；权力
→
pwerful
强大的；有力量的
24.
faith
n. 忠诚；信仰
→
faithful
忠诚的
25.
grace
n. 优雅
→
graceful
优雅的
26.
fate
n. 命运
→
fateful
a.命运的
27.
regret
n. 后悔；遗憾
→
regretful
令人遗憾的
28.
dread
n. 恐惧
→
dreadful
可怕的
■ 以下名词变尾字母y为i, 再加-ful变形容词：
29.
beauty
n. 美丽
→
beautiful
美丽的
30.
pity
n. 可惜；遗憾
→
pitiful
令人遗憾的；可惜的
31.
mercy
n. 怜悯
→
merciful
怜悯的
□ 其他以-ful结尾的常见形容词：
1.
grateful
感激的
2.
awful
可怕的
3.
thankful
感谢的
4.
frgetful
健忘的
1.
wrth
n. 价值
→
wrthless
无价值的
2.
jb
n. 工作
→
jbless
无工作的，失业的
3.
fear
n. 恐惧，害怕
→
fearless
无所畏惧的
4.
hme
n. 家
→
hmeless
无家可归的
5.
rest
n. 休息
→
restless
坐立不安的
6.
blame
n. 责备，指责
→
blameless
无可指责的
7.
end
n. 结束；末尾
→
endless
无尽的
8.
breath
n. 呼吸
→
breathless
气喘吁吁的
9.
taste
n. 味道；品味
→
tasteless
没有味道的
10.
stain
n. 锈斑
→
stainless
不生锈的
11.
use
n. 用处；使用
→
useless
无用的
12.
self
n. 自我
→
selfless
无私的
13.
hpe
n. 希望
→
hpeless
没有希望的
14.
penny
n. 分，美分
→
penniless
身无分文的
15.
regard
n. 考虑
→
regardless
不管的，不顾的
16.
fault
n. 错误，缺点
→
faultless
没有缺点的
17.
flavr
n. 口味，味道
→
flavrless
没有味道的
18.
flaw
n. 缺点
→
flawless
没有缺点的
19.
clr
n. 颜色
→
clrless
无色的
20.
rt
n. 根；底部
→
rtless
无根的
21.
shame
n. 羞愧，惭愧
→
shameless
不惭愧的
22.
sleep
n. 睡觉，睡眠
→
sleepless
失眠的
23.
change
n. 变化，改变
→
changeless
没有变化的
24.
sleeve
n. 衣袖
→
sleeveless
无袖的
25.
spt
n. 斑点
→
sptless
没有斑点的
26.
speech
n. 演讲，发言
→
speechless
无语的
27.
wire
n. 线，电线
→
wireless
无线的
28.
bttm
n. 底部
→
bttmless
无底的
29.
mind
n. 头脑，思维
→
mindless
没有思绪的
30.
frictin
n. 摩擦；争执
→
frictinless
无摩擦的；光滑的
31.
brain
n. 大脑的
→
brainless
无脑的
32.
lss
n. 损失
→
lssless
无损的
33.
meaning
n. 含义，意义
→
meaningless
无意义的
34.
price
n. 价格
→
priceless
无价的
35.
directin
n. 方向
→
directinless
无方向感的
1.
frtune
n. 财富；运气
→
frtunate
幸运的
2.
passin
n. 热情
→
passinate
热情的
3.
accuracy
n. 准确性
→
accurate
准确的
4.
privacy
n. 隐私
→
private
私人的；私下的
1.
value
n. 价值
→
valuable
珍贵的
2.
favr
n. 支持，赞成
→
favrable
支持的，赞成的
3.
reasn
n. 原因，理由
→
reasnable
合理的
4.
fashin
n. 时尚
→
fashinable
时尚的
5.
knwledge
n. 知识
→
knwledgeable
知识渊博的
6.
remark
n. 言论；评论
→
remarkable
显著的；非凡的
7.
hnr
n. 荣耀
→
hnrable
光荣的；可敬的
8.
prfit
n. 利润
→
prfitable
有利润的
9.
hspitality
n. 好客
→
hspitable
好客的
10.
charity
n. 慈善
→
charitable
宽厚的；慈善的
11.
hrrr
n. 恐惧，惊恐
→
hrrible
可怕的
12.
terrr
n. 恐怖
→
terrible
令人害怕的
13.
respnse
n. 回答，回复
→
respnsible
负责任的
1.
prduct
n. 产品
→
prductive
多产的；产出的
2.
effect
n. 效果；影响
→
effective
有效的
3.
subject
n. 主题；科目
→
subjective
主观的
4.
bject
n. 物体，物品
→
bjective
客观的
5.
mass
n. 块；团
→
massive
巨大的
6.
prgress
n. 进步；进展
→
prgressive
进步的；有进展的
7.
expense
n. 成本；代价
→
expensive
昂贵的
8.
sense
n. 感觉
→
sensitive
敏感的；理智的
9.
cmprehensin
n. 理解
→
cmprehensive
全面的
10.
innvatin
n. 创新
→
innvative
创新的
11.
infrmatin
n. 信息
→
infrmative
有教育意义的
12.
attentin
n. 注意力
→
attentive
专注的
以下名词直接加-us变形容词：
1.
danger
n. 危险
→
dangerus
危险的
2.
pisn
n. 毒药
→
pisnus
有毒的
3.
humr
n. 幽默
→
humrus
幽默的，风趣的
4.
curage
n. 勇气
→
curageus
勇敢的
5.
jy
n. 快乐
→
jyus
快乐的
6.
muntain
n. 山，山脉
→
muntainus
多山的
以下名词去字母e或者b, 再加-us变形容词：
7.
fame
n. 名声，名誉
→
famus
著名的
8.
nerve
n. 神经
→
nervus
紧张的
9..
disaster
n. 灾难
→
disastrus
灾难的
10.
mnster
n. 怪兽
→
mnstrus
骇人听闻的
11.
number
n. 数字，数目
→
numerus
大量的
以下名词变尾字母y或e为i, 再加-us变形容词：
12.
autnmy
n. 自治
→
autnmus
自治的
13.
envy
n. 嫉妒
→
envius
嫉妒的
14.
luxury
n. 奢华
→
luxurius
奢华的
15.
glry
n. 荣誉，荣耀
→
glrius
荣耀的
16.
mystery
n. 神秘
→
mysterius
神秘的
17.
harmny
n. 和谐
→
harmnius
和谐的
18.
meldy
n. 旋律
→
meldius
旋律
19.
fury
n. 狂怒
→
furius
狂怒的；狂暴的
20.
space
n. 空间；太空
→
spacius
宽阔的；广阔的
21.
prestige
n. 名望，威望
→
prestigius
有名望的；有威信的
22.
victry
n. 胜利
→
victrius
胜利的
23.
industry
n. 工业；行业
→
industrius
勤奋的
以下名词变尾字母le为ul后，再加-us变形容词：
24.
miracle
n. 奇迹
→
miraculus
奇迹的
以下名词去尾字母n, 再加-us变形容词：
25.
cautin
n. 谨慎
→
cautius
谨慎的
26.
ambitin
n. 雄心，抱负
→
ambitius
有雄心的，有抱负的
27.
nutritin
n. 营养
→
nutritius
有营养的
28.
religin
n. 宗教
→
religius
宗教的
29.
suspicin
n. 怀疑
→
suspicius
怀疑的
以下名词去尾字母ety, 再加-us变形容词：
30.
variety
n. 种类，多样性
→
varius
各种各样的
31.
anxiety
n. 焦虑
→
anxius
焦虑的
以下名词直接加-ius变形容词：
32.
labr
n. 劳动
→
labrius
费力的；吃力的
1.
self
n. 自我，自己
→
selfish
自私的
2.
fl
n. 傻子
→
flish
傻的，蠢的
3.
child
n. 孩子
→
childish
孩子般的，幼稚的
4.
bk
n. 书，书本
→
bkish
书生气的
5.
wlf
n. 狼
→
wlfish
似狼的
6.
man
n. 男人
→
mannish
像男人的
7.
wman
n. 女人
→
wmanish
娘娘腔的
8.
fiend
n. 恶魔
→
fiendish
恶魔般的
9.
devil
n. 邪恶
→
devilish
残忍邪恶的
10.
snb
n. 势利眼
→
snbbish
势利眼的
11.
England
n. 英国
→
English
英国（人）的
12.
Britain
n. 英国；大不列颠
→
British
英国（人）的
13.
Spain
n. 西班牙
→
Spanish
西班牙（人）的
14.
Pland
n. 波兰
→
Plish
波兰（人）的
15.
Turkey
n. 土耳其
→
Turkish
土耳其（人）的
16.
Sweden
n. 瑞典
→
Swedish
瑞典（人）的
17.
Ireland
n. 爱尔兰
→
Irish
爱尔兰（人）的
18.
Denmark
n. 丹麦
→
Danish
丹麦（人）的
19.
Finland
n. 芬兰
→
Finnish
芬兰（人）的
20.
Jew
n. 犹太人
→
Jewish
犹太人的
以下名词直接加-ic变形容词：
1.
alchl
n. 酒；酒精
→
alchlic
含酒精的
2.
her
n. 英雄
→
heric
英雄的；英勇的
3.
metal
n. 金属
→
metallic
金属的
4.
rbt
n. 机器人
→
rbtic
机器人的；呆板的
5.
perid
n. 时期
→
peridic
周期的
6.
alphabet
n. 字母表
→
alphabetic
字母表的
7.
magnet
n. 磁铁
→
magnetic
有磁性的
8.
irn
n. 铁
→
irnic
讽刺的
9.
artist
n. 艺术家
→
artistic
艺术家的
10.
pet
n. 诗人
→
petic
诗一般的
11.
phtgraph
n. 照片
→
phtgraphic
详细准确的
12.
symbl
n. 象征
→
symblic
象征性的
13.
atm
n. 原子
→
atmic
原子的
14.
carbn
n. 碳
→
carbnic
含碳的
15.
angel
n. 天使
→
angelic
天使的
16.
patrit
n. 爱国者
→
patritic
爱国的
17.
rgan
n. 器官
→
rganic
有机的
18.
algebra
n. 代数
→
algebraic
代数的
19.
diplmat
n. 外交官
→
diplmatic
善于交际的
以下名词去字母e/y/后加-ic变形容词：
20.
base
n. 基础
→
basic
基本的；基础的
21.
athlete
n. 运动员
→
athletic
运动员的；健壮的
22.
cube
n. 立方
→
cubic
立方的
23.
atmsphere
n. 气氛；氛围
→
atmspheric
富有情调的
24.
scene
n. 风景；场景
→
scenic
风景优美的
25.
meter/metre
n. 米，公米
→
metric
米制的；公制的
26.
catastrphe
n. 灾难
→
catastrphic
灾难的
27.
academy
n. 学院；学术机构
→
academic
学院的；学术的
28.
allergy
n. 过敏（症）
→
allergic
过敏的
29.
histry
n. 历史
→
histric
历史的
30.
gemetry
n. 几何
→
gemetric
几何的
31.
autbigraphy
n. 自传
→
autbigraphic
自传的
32.
ecnmy
n. 经济
→
ecnmic
经济的
33.
strategy
n. 策略；战略
→
strategic
战略性的
34.
cmedy
n. 喜剧
→
cmedic
喜剧的
35.
tragedy
n. 悲剧
→
tragic
悲剧的
36.
vlcan
n. 火山
→
vlcanic
火山的
以下名词直接加-tic变形容词：
37.
drama
n. 戏剧
→
dramatic
戏剧性的；巨大的
38.
dilemma
n. 困境
→
dilemmatic
进退两难的
以下名词去掉字母y/m/ce/cy加-tic变形容词：
39.
fantasy
n. 幻想
→
fantastic
极好的
40.
enthusiasm
n. 热情
→
enthusiastic
热情的
41.
rmance
n. 浪漫
→
rmantic
浪漫的
42.
diplmacy
n. 外交
→
diplmatic
外交的；
43.
bureaucracy
n. 官僚主义
→
bureaucratic
官僚主义的
以下名词直接加-atic变形容词：
44.
idim
n. 习语
→
idimatic
地道的
45.
prblem
n. 问题
→
prblematic
成问题的
46.
system
n. 系统
→
systematic
系统的
以下名词去掉字母y加-etic变形容词：
47.
energy
n. 能量；精力
→
energetic
精力充沛的
48.
sympathy
n. 同情
→
sympathetic
同情的
49.
aplgy
n. 道歉
→
aplgetic
道歉的
以下名词加-istic变形容词：
50.
character
n. 人物；特点
→
characteristic
典型的；独特的
51.
reality
n. 真实；实际
→
realistic
实际的；真实的
以下名词去掉字母ce加-tific变形容词：
52.
science
n. 科学
→
scientific
科学的
1.
crwd
n. 人群；群
→
crwded
人多的；拥挤的
2.
talent
n. 才华
→
talented
有才华的
3.
gift
n. 天赋；礼物
→
gifted
有天赋的
4.
detail
n. 细节
→
detailed
详细的
5.
aid
n. 帮助；援助
→
aided
辅助的；
6.
clr
n. 颜色
→
clred
有颜色的
7.
wing
n. 翅膀
→
winged
有翅膀的
8.
rag
n. 破布
→
ragged
衣衫褴褛的
9.
accent
n. 口音
→
accented
有口音的
10.
skill
n. 技能；技艺
→
skilled
熟练的
11.
experience
n. 经验；经历
→
experienced
有经验的
12.
balance
n. 平衡
→
balanced
均衡的
13.
theme
n. 主题
→
themed
有特定主题的
14.
cde
n. 密码
→
cded
加密的
15.
wave
n. 波浪
→
waved
波浪形的
16.
age
n. 年龄
→
aged
年迈的，年老的
17.
wire
n. 电线
→
wired
联网的
18.
bttle
n. 瓶子
→
bttled
瓶装的
19.
prejudice
n. 偏见
→
prejudiced
有偏见的
20.
shame
n. 羞愧；羞耻
→
ashamed
羞愧的
21.
beard
n. 胡须
→
bearded
有胡须的
22.
tailr
n. 裁缝
tailred
定制的
其他以-ed结尾的常见形容词有：
1.
sacred
神圣的
2.
cntented
满意的
1.
will
n. 意志
→
willing
愿意的；情愿的
2.
camp
n. 营地
→
camping
露营用的
3.
reward
n. 奖励；回报
→
rewarding
有益的；有意义的
4.
prmise
n. 诺言；许诺
→
prmising
大有希望的
5.
demand
n. 要求
→
demanding
要求高的
6.
challenge
n. 挑战
→
challenging
具有挑战性的
7.
charm
n. 魅力
→
charming
有魅力的
8.
appeal
n. 吸引力
→
appealing
吸引人的
9.
lve
n. 爱
→
lving
有爱心的
10.
neighbur
n. 邻居
→
neighburing
相邻的
11.
despair
n. 绝望
→
despairing
令人绝望的
12.
bm
n. 暴涨；繁荣
→
bming
暴涨的；繁荣的
1.
Eurpe
n. 欧洲
→
Eurpean
欧洲（人）的
2.
Egypt
n. 埃及
→
Egyptian
埃及（人）的
3.
suburb
n. 郊区
→
suburban
郊区的；野外的
4.
republic
n. 共和国
→
republican
共和国的
5.
Australia
n. 澳大利亚
→
Australian
澳大利亚（人）的
6.
Austria
n. 奥地利
→
Austrian
奥地利（人）的
7.
America
n. 美洲；美国
→
American
美国（人）的
8.
Asia
n. 亚洲
→
Asian
亚洲（人）的
9.
Africa
n. 非洲
→
African
非洲（人）的
10.
Arab
n. 阿拉伯
→
Arabian
阿拉伯的
11.
Athens
n. 雅典
→
Athenian
雅典（人）的
12.
Brazil
n. 巴西
→
Brazilian
巴西（人）的
13.
India
n. 印度
→
Indian
印度（人）的
14.
Iran
n. 伊朗
→
Iranian
伊朗（人）的
15.
Italy
n. 意大利
→
Italian
意大利（人）的
16.
Kenya
n. 肯尼亚
→
Kenyan
肯尼亚（人）的
17.
Mexic
n. 墨西哥
→
Mexican
墨西哥（人）的
18.
Persia
n. 波斯
→
Persian
波斯（人）的
19.
Utpia
n. 乌托邦
→
Utpian
乌托邦式的；
20.
Siberia
n. 西伯利亚
→
Siberian
西伯利亚的
21.
Russia
n. 俄罗斯
→
Russian
俄罗斯（人）的
22.
Hungary
n. 匈牙利
→
Hungarian
匈牙利（人）的
23.
Germany
n. 德国
→
German
德国（人）的
1.
wd
n. 木头；木材
→
wden
木制的
2.
wl
n. 羊毛
→
wlen
羊毛的
3.
gld
n. 黄金
→
glden
金制的；金色的
4.
earth
n. 泥土
→
earthen
泥制的；陶制的
5.
ash
n. 灰
→
ashen
像灰一般的
6.
wheat
n. 小麦
→
wheaten
小麦制的
7.
lead
n. 铅
→
leaden
铅色的；沉闷的
8.
silk
n. 丝绸
→
silken
丝制的；如丝般的
10.
ak
n. 橡木
→
aken
橡木制的
1.
east
n. 东方
→
eastern
东方的
2.
west
n. 西方
→
western
西方的
3.
suth
n. 南方
→
suthern
南方的
4.
nrth
n. 北方
→
nrthern
北方
5.
sutheast
n. 东南方
→
sutheastern
东南方的
6.
suthwest
n. 西南方
→
suthwestern
西南方的
7.
nrtheast
n. 东北方
→
nrtheastern
东北方的
8.
nrthwest
n. 西北方
→
nrthwestern
东北方的
1.
truble
n. 麻烦
→
trublesme
引起麻烦的
2.
burden
n. 负担
→
burdensme
繁重的
3.
awe
n. 敬畏；惊叹
→
awesme
令人敬畏的
4.
hand
n. 手
→
handsme
英俊的
5.
quarrel
n. 争吵
→
quarrelsme
好争吵的
1.
line
n. 线
→
linear
线性的；线的
2.
ple
n. 极地；极
→
plar
极地的
4.
sun
n. 太阳
→
slar
太阳的；太阳能的
5.
muscle
n. 肌肉
→
muscular
肌肉的
6.
island
n. 岛
→
insular
海岛的
7.
angle
n. 角度；角
→
angular
有角的
8.
triangle
n. 三角；三角形
→
triangular
三角形的
9.
tube
n. 管子
→
tubular
管状的
10.
cell
n. 细胞
→
cellular
细胞的
11.
circle
n. 圆圈
→
circular
圆的；循环的
12.
mlecule
n. 分子
→
mlecular
分子的
1.
legend
n. 传说
→
legendary
传说的；传奇的
2.
element
n. 元素；要素
→
elementary
基本的；主要的
3.
evlutin
n. 进化
→
evlutinary
进化的
4.
statin
n. 站点
→
statinary
静止的
5.
revlutin
n. 革命；改革
→
revlutinary
革命性的
6.
mment
n. 时刻；片刻
→
mmentary
短暂性的
7.
vlunteer
n. 志愿者
→
vluntary
志愿的；自愿的
8.
literature
n. 文学
→
literary
文学的
以下名词以-ance结尾，去-ce加-t变形容词：
1.
distance
n. 距离
→
distant
遥远的
2.
imprtance
n. 重要性
→
imprtant
重要的
3.
abundance
n. 大量；充裕
→
abundant
丰富的；大量的
4.
arrgance
n. 傲慢；自大
→
arrgant
傲慢的；自大的
5.
significance
n. 意义
→
significant
有意义的；显著的
6.
elegance
n. 优雅
→
elegant
优雅的
7.
fragrance
n. 芬芳
→
fragrant
芬芳的，香的
8.
ignrance
n. 无知，愚昧
→
ignrant
无知的，愚昧的
以下名词去字母-ure或直接加-ant变形容词：
9.
triumph
n. 胜利
→
triumphant
胜利的
10.
pleasure
n. 乐趣，快乐
→
pleasant
令人愉快的
以下名词以 -ence结尾，去 -ce加 -t变形容词：
1.
absence
n. 缺席
→
absent
缺席的；不在的
2.
presence
n. 出席，到场
→
present
出席的，到场的
3.
silence
n. 沉默
→
silent
沉默的
4.
permanence
n. 永恒
→
permanent
永恒的，永久的
5.
cnfidence
n. 信心
→
cnfident
有信心的
6.
cnvenience
n. 便利，方面
→
cnvenient
便利的，方便的
7.
difference
n. 区别，不同之处
→
different
不同的
8.
evidence
n. 证据
→
evident
显而易见的
9.
excellence
n. 出色
→
excellent
出色的
10.
inncence
n. 无辜
→
inncent
无辜的
11.
vilence
n. 暴力
→
vilent
暴力的
12.
cmpetence
n. 能力；胜任
→
cmpetent
有能力的；胜任的
13.
cincidence
n. 一致；巧合
→
cincident
同时发生的
14.
independence
n. 独立
→
independent
独立的
15.
patience
n. 耐心
→
patient
有耐心的
16.
cnsequence
n. 结果，后果
→
cnsequent
结果的
17.
persistence
n. 坚持
→
persistent
坚持不懈的
18.
diligence
n. 勤奋
→
diligent
勤奋的
19.
intelligence
n. 智慧；智力
→
intelligent
聪明的；智能的
20.
magnificence
n. 宏伟
→
magnificent
宏大的，宏伟的
以下名词以 -ency结尾，去 -cy加 -t变形容词：
21.
frequency
n. 频率
→
frequent
频繁的；经常的
22.
fluency
n. 流畅；流利度
→
fluent
流畅的；流利的
23.
urgency
n. 紧急状况
→
urgent
紧急的
24.
efficiency
n. 效率
→
efficient
有效率的
25.
currency
n. 货币；流通物
→
current
流通的；当前的
26.
cnsistency
n. 一致
→
cnsistent
一致的；始终如一的
27.
sufficiency
n. 充足；足量
→
sufficient
充足的；足量的
1
abslute
adj.
→
abslutely
adv.
绝对地，完全地
2
accurate
adj.
→
accurately
adv.
准确地；精确地
3
apprpriate
adj.
apprpriately
adv.
恰当地
4
apprximate
adj.
apprximately
adv.
大约
5
cmplete
adj.
cmpletely
adv.
彻底地，全部地，完整地
6
cmprehensive
adj.
cmprehensively
adv.
全面地；完全地；彻底地
7
definite
adj.
definitely
adv.
明确地，当然
8
deliberate
adj.
deliberately
adv.
故意地
9
desperate
adj.
desperately
adv.
绝望地
10
entire
adj.
entirely
adv.
完全地，全部地，非常
11
extreme
adj.
extremely
adv.
极端地，非常
12
immediate
adj.
immediately
adv.
立刻，马上
13
frtunate
adj.
frtunately
adv.
幸运地
14
large
adj.
largely
adv.
主要地，大部分
15
late
adj.
lately
adv.
最近，不久前
16
mere
adj.
merely
adv.
仅仅，只
17
name
adj.
namely
adv.
即，也就是
18
precise
adj.
precisely
adv.
准确地；确切地
19
relative
adj.
relatively
adv.
相对地，比较地
20
rare
adj.
rarely
adv.
罕见地;几乎不
21
wide
adj.
widely
adv.
广泛地
22
fierce
adj.
fiercely
adv.
凶猛地
23
huge
adj.
hugely
adv.
极度;非常
24
brave
adj.
bravely
adv.
勇敢地
25
bare
adj.
barely
adv.
仅仅
1
accidental
adj.
→
accidentally
adv.
偶然地，意外地
2
actual
adj.
→
actually
adv.
事实上；实际上
3
additinal
adj.
→
additinally
adv.
另外；此外
4
awful
adj.
→
awfully
adv.
非常；极其
5
special
adj.
→
specially
adv.
专门地
6
fficial
adj.
→
fficially
adv.
正式地，官方地
7
riginal
adj.
→
riginally
adv.
原来，起初
8
mental
adj.
mentally
adv.
精神上地
9
natural
adj.
naturally
adv.
自然地
10
general
adj.
generally
adv.
一般地，通常地
11
full
adj.
fully
adv.
完全地，彻底地；详尽地
12
glbal
adj.
glbally
adv.
全球地；在全世界；全面地
13
gradual
adj.
gradually
adv.
逐渐地
14
final
adj.
finally
adv.
最终， 最后
15
exceptinal
adj.
exceptinally
adv.
例外地
16
equal
adj.
equally
adv.
同样地；平等地；平均地
17
especial
adj.
especially
adv.
特别的，尤其
18
eventual
adj.
eventually
adv.
最终，最后
19
beautiful
adj.
beautifully
adv.
完美地；美好地；非常
20
casual
adj.
casually
adv.
随便地，偶然地
21
increasing
adj.
increasingly
adv.
不断增加地，越来越多地
22
exact
adj.
exactly
adv.
确切地；正好地
23
neat
adj.
neatly
adv.
整洁地
24
recent
adj.
recently
adv.
最近
25
secret
adj.
secretly
adv.
秘密地
26
slight
adj.
slightly
adv.
稍微
27
urgent
adj.
urgently
adv.
紧急地
28
shrt
adj.
shrtly
adv.
很快；马上；不久
30
brief
adj.
briefly
adv.
短暂地，简明地
31
main
adj.
mainly
adv.
主要地，多半地
32
eager
adj.
eagerly
adv.
热切地
33
cmmn
adj.
cmmnly
adv.
平常地，一般地
34
fair
adj.
fairly
adv.
相当；很；合理地，公平地
35
deep
adj.
deeply
adv.
强烈地；深深地
36
hard
adj.
hardly
adv.
几乎不
37
high
adj.
highly
adv.
非常地，高度地
38
narrw
adj.
narrwly
adv.
以差之毫厘；勉强地；狭隘地
39
near
adj.
nearly
adv.
几乎；差不多；将近
40
bvius
adj.
bviusly
adv.
显而易见地
41
particular
adj.
particularly
adv.
特别地，尤其
42
prper
adj.
prperly
adv.
适当地，恰当地
43
randm
adj.
randmly
adv.
随机地；随便地
44
rugh
adj.
rughly
adv.
粗略地
45
regular
adj.
regularly
adv.
定期地，有规律地
46
seeming
adj.
seemingly
adv.
看似，显然
47
sharp
adj.
sharply
adv.
突然地，急剧地；严厉地
48
similar
adj.
similarly
adv.
同样地，相似地
49
strng
adj.
strngly
adv.
强烈地
50
sudden
adj.
suddenly
adv.
突然地
51
suppsed
adj.
suppsedly
adv.
据认为；据推测；据称
52
surprising
adj.
surprisingly
adv.
令人惊讶地
53
undubted
adj.
undubtedly
adv.
毫无疑问地
54
unexpected
adj.
unexpectedly
adv.
出乎意料地；意外地
55
unwilling
adj.
unwillingly
adv.
不情愿地
56
thrugh
adj.
thrughly
adv.
彻底地
57
apparent
adj.
apparently
adv.
显然地
58
cnsequent
adj.
cnsequently
adv.
因此，所以
59
current
adj.
currently
adv.
目前；当前
1
happy
adj.
happily
adv.
高兴地
2
easy
adj.
easily
adv.
容易地
3
primary
adj.
primarily
adv.
主要地；根本地
4
temprary
adj.
temprarily
adv.
暂时地
5
unlucky
adj.
unluckily
adv.
不幸地
angry
adj.
angrily
adv.
生气地
healthy
adj.
healthily
adv.
健康地
heavy
adj.
heavily
adv.
沉重地
nisy
adj.
nisily
adv.
吵闹地
easy
adj.
easily
adv.
容易地
1
basic
adj.
basically
adv.
基本上
2
autmatic
adj.
autmatically
adv.
自动地
3
ecnmic
adj.
ecnmically
adv.
经济地
4
systematic
adj.
systematically
adv.
系统地
5
specific
adj.
specifically
adv.
明确地;具体地
6
basic
adj.
basically
adv.
基本上
7
energetic
adj.
energetically
adv.
积极地
8
scientific
adj.
scientifically
adv.
科学地
1
incredible
adj.
incredibly
adv.
难以置信地
2
pssible
adj.
pssibly
adv.
可能地
3
prbable
adj.
prbably
adv.
可能
4
reasnable
adj.
reasnably
adv.
合乎情理地
5
simple
adj.
simply
adv.
简单地；仅仅，只不过
6
respnsible
adj.
respnsibly
adv.
认真负责地
7
gentle
adj.
gently
adv.
温柔地
8
terrible
adj.
terribly
adv.
非常，很
Hand Brake，Three Gears
Ft Brake，N Gears
1 hur
7.50
5.00
3 hurs
11.00
7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
14.75
9.75
Each additinal day
8.00
6.00
Hand Brake, Three Gears
Ft Brake, N Gears
1 hur
€7.50
€5.00
3 hurs
€11.00
€7.50
1 day (24 hurs)
€14.75
€9.75
Each additinal day
€8.00
€6.00
关键词法
反复出现的词语，多次重复的观点就是体现主旨的关键词
主题句法
根据文章主题句，确定中心词充当标题
串联法
分析文章细节，确定共同点，如同穿珠般，串联细节共同点，确定标题
逆向法
根据四个选项，考虑其可能内容，对照原文，最相似者为最佳选项
转折词
如but，hwever，in fact，actually等时，其后的内容往往是作者真正想要表达的观点。
总结词
如therefre，thus，in shrt，cnclude 等，其后的内容往往是文章的主题。
疑问句
若首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答可能是文章的主题。
时态
时间状语
一般现在时
nw, tday, nwadays, every year, usually等
一般过去时
yesterday, last week, in 2021, the ther day, tw years ag, previusly等
一般将来时
next year, in the future, sn, tmrrw等
现在进行时
nw, at present, at this mment等
现在完成时
since＋时间点，in/ver the past... years, in recent years, fr＋时间段， s far等
过去完成时
by then, by the end f ..., when/befre/after引导的从句等
项目
主语
谓语动词
语法
一致
不可数名词、单数可数名词、动名词(短语)、动词不定式、主语从句、the number f＋复数可数名词
单数
复数可数名词，and连接的两个名词，a number f＋复数可数名词
复数
(tgether) with, as well as, but, except, alng with, rather than, in additin t, including等连接的主语
与前面主语一致
意义
一致
“the＋形容词”表示抽象概念；强调整体的集合名词
单数
“the＋形容词”表示一类人或物；强调个体的集合名词
复数
就近
一致
neither... nr..., either... r..., nt nly... but als..., nt... but...等连接的主语；“here/there＋谓语＋主语”结构中的主语不止一个时
与邻近主语一致
1.名词后缀
示例
－er/
－r
annunce→annuncer广播员 cnduct→cnductr指挥；售票员
instruct→instructr 指导者，教师 design→designer设计师
－ment
achieve→achievement成就 argue→argument辩论；论据
equip →equipment装备；设备 gvern→gvernment政府
－y
recver→recvery恢复 discver→discvery发现
－ance/
－ence
appear→appearance出现；外貌 perfrm→perfrmance表演；表现
prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考，查阅
－ure/
－ture
fail→failure失败；倒闭 press→pressure压力
depart→departure离开；出发 mix→mixture混合(物)
－ing
hear→hearing听力，听觉 begin→beginning开始
build→building建筑 warn→warning 警告
－in/
－tin/
－sin/
crrect→crrectin改正 celebrate→celebratin庆祝
cnclude→cnclusin结论；结束 discuss→discussin讨论；论述
decide→decisin决定 admit→admissin承认；准许加入
permit→permissin允许，许可 invite→invitatin邀请
explain→explanatin解释 expect→expectatin期望
2.形容词后缀
示例
－able
enjy vt.享受→enjyable adj.令人愉快的
suit vt.适合→suitable adj.合适的
adjust vt.调节→adjustable adj. 可调整的
－ed
frustrate vt.使沮丧→frustrated adj. 沮丧的
anny vt.使生气→annyed adj. 恼怒的
－ing
cnvince vt.说服，使信服→cnvincing adj.令人信服的
thrill vt.使兴奋 → thrilling adj.令人兴奋的
－ful
frget vt.忘记→frgetful adj.健忘的
succeed vt.成功→successful adj. 成功的
－ive
cmprehend v. 理解→cmprehensive adj. 综合性的
create v. 创造→creative adj. 有创造力的
－ant
tlerate v.容忍→tlerant adj. 宽容的，容忍的
ignre v. 忽视→ignrant adj. 无知的，愚昧的
后缀
示例
--y
sun→sunny 有阳光的，晴朗的 guilt →guilty 内疚的
--ed
balance→balanced平衡的 gift →gifted 有天赋
--ful
meaning→meaningful 有意义的 clur→clurful 五彩缤纷的
--able
suit →suitable 合适的change→changeable 易变的
--us
curage→curageus 勇敢的 mystery →mysterius 神秘的
--al
additin→additinal 附加的glbe→glbal 全球的
--ly
friend→friendly 友好的 lve→lvely 可爱的
--en
wd→wden 木制的 wl→wlen 羊毛的
--cal
plitics →plitical 政治的 eclgy→ eclgical 生态的
--ant
significance →significant有意义的ignrance→ ignrant 无知的
--cial
cmmerce →cmmercial 商业的 finance →financial 金融的
-en
deep→deepen 变深，加深 length→lengthen 延长
关系词
which
as
位置上
只能放在主句的后面
位置灵活，可置于句首、句中，也可置于句末
搭配上
无动词的
限制
谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如see、hear、knw、expect、remember等
意思上
意为“这一点”
表示“正如……”“正像……的那样”
序号
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
词义
1
arise
arse
arisen
arising
出现；发生；产生；起身；起立
2
awake
awke
awken
awaking
唤醒；觉醒；意识到；使醒来
3
bear
bre
brne
bearing
携带；忍受；承担；支撑；生育；结(果实)
4
beat
beat
beaten
beating
打；敲打；跳动；打败；战胜
5
bleed
bled
bled
bleeding
失血；流血；长期榨取(某人的钱)
7
blw
blew
blwn
blwing
吹，刮；吹响；(使)爆炸
8
deal
dealt
dealt
dealing
处理；交易；对付
9
dig
dug
dug
digging
掘(地)；挖(土)；采掘出；寻找
10
draw
drew
drawn
drawing
拉；拖；拔出；取(钱)；画；得出(结论)；吸引
11
fight
fught
fught
fighting
(与……)作战/战斗/争吵；努力争取；努力奋斗；抵抗；克制
12
flee
fled
fled
fleeing
逃走；逃避
13
frbid
frbade
frbidden
frbidding
禁止；阻止
14
frget
frgt
frgtten
frgetting
忘记；不再想；不必在意
15
frgive
frgave
frgiven
frgiving
原谅；免除
16
fresee
fresaw
freseen
freseeing
预见；预知
17
freeze
frze
frzen
freezing
(使)结冰；(人)冻僵；冷冻；冷藏；停住不动
18
hang
hung
hung
hanging
悬挂；低垂
19
hide
hid
hidden
hiding
藏，隐藏；遮掩，遮挡；隐瞒；掩饰
20
leap
leapt/leaped
leapt/leaped
leaping
跳跃；骤增
25
lend
lent
lent
lending
借给；提供
26
lse
lst
lst
lsing
遗失；错过；丧失；输掉
27
meet
met
met
meeting
相遇；满足
28
mistake
mistk
mistaken
mistaking
误会；误解
变化规则
动词原形
过去式
过去分词
现在分词
词义
以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的动词，其过去式和过去分词变y为i加-ed，现在分词直接加-ing但元音字母＋y结尾的动词直接加-ed/-ing
1
accmpany
accmpanied
accmpanied
accmpanying
陪伴；伴随；伴奏
2
bury
buried
buried
burying
埋葬；埋藏；遮盖
3
destry
destryed
destryed
destrying
毁坏；毁掉
单音节的重读闭音节(一个元音＋一个辅音字母结尾)双写辅音字母再加-ed/-ing
4
trap
trapped
trapped
trapping
设陷阱捕捉；夹住；把……困住；使陷入困境；储存(气体、水等)
5
plan
planned
planned
planning
计划
6
ban
banned
banned
banning
禁止；取缔
7
beg
begged
begged
begging
乞求；恳求；乞讨
8
drag
dragged
dragged
dragging
拖；拉；缓慢移动
9
drp
drpped
drpped
drpping
掉下；落下；降低
10
chat
chatted
chatted
chatting
聊天
11
step
stepped
stepped
stepping
跨步；迈步；踏，踩
双音节的重读闭音节(一个元音＋一个辅音字母结尾)双写辅音字母再加-ed/-ing
12
admit
admitted
admitted
admitting
承认；允许……进入；接纳；收治
13
permit
permitted
permitted
permitting
许可；准许；(使)成为可能
14
ccur
ccurred
ccurred
ccurring
发生；出现；被想起
15
infer
inferred
inferred
inferring
推断
16
prefer
preferred
preferred
preferring
更喜欢
17
equip
equipped
equipped
equipping
装备；配备；使有准备
其他常写错的动词变形
18
flw
flwed
flwed
flwing
流动；流出；流逝；畅通
19
tie
tied
tied
tying
系；扎；捆；打成平局
20
die
died
died
dying
死(亡)；灭亡；枯萎；消失；熄灭
21
raise
raised
raised
raising
举起；抬高；提高，增加；筹款；提出；养育；饲养
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