人教版（2024）八年级下册英语期末复习：Units 1-8 语法知识点+练习题（无答案）

这是一份人教版（2024）八年级下册英语期末复习：Units 1-8 语法知识点+练习题（无答案），共4页。
【概念】
动词不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，它没有人称和数的变化，基本形式为 “t+动词原形(有时可以不带t)”，在句子中不能作谓语，可充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、状语、定语等成分，核心作用是补充说明动作的目的、对象或状态 。
1.作主语
动词不定式作主语时， 一般位于句首。 单个不定式短语作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如果动词不定式太长，则可用 it 作形式主语，构成 “ d sth” 句型，此时真正的主语后置，更符合英语表达习惯。
T learn a freign language is imprtant fr us.
=It's imprtant fr us t learn a freign language.学习一门外语对我们来说很重要。
2.作宾语
后面常跟动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)有 want 、hpe 、try 、decide 、expect 、refuse 、wuld like 等，注意此类动词后不能直接跟动名词，需接不定式。
Amy refused t g int the hspital again.艾米拒绝再进医院。
3.作宾语补足语
常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有 ask 、tell 、want 、expect 等
（ ask/tell/want/expect sb t d sth）
He asked me t talk abut my English study.他要求我谈谈有关我英语学习的事。
4.作状语
动词不定式作状语时， 一般位于句首或者句末，表示目的、原因、结果等，其中表目的是最常考用法，可译为“为了”。
T get gd grades,I will study hard.
=I will study hard t get gd grades.(表目的) 为了取得好成绩，我将会努力学习。
5.作定语
动词不定式作定语时，常位于所修饰的名词或代词之后，与被修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，即不定式动作的对象是被修饰的名词。
She gt a jb t teach children.她找到了一份教孩子的工作。
6.疑问词+动词不定式
疑问词（what、hw、when、where等）后接动词不定式，可在句中作主语、宾语或表语，相当于一个宾语从句。
I dn't knw what t d.我不知道做什么。
I dn't knw hw t d it. 我不知道怎么去做它。
7.省略动词不定式中的 t 的情况
①使役动词 let、make、have 之后（被动语态中t需还原）
②知觉动词(短语) feel、hear、see、watch、ntice、listen t 之后（被动语态中t需还原）
③动词 help 后可省略。
例句1:Let me think.让我想想。
例句2:I saw my father get ut.我看到我爸爸出去了。（被动：My father was seen t get ut.）
例句3:He helped her (t)carry the case up the stairs.他帮她把箱子拎上了楼。
8.动词不定式的否定形式由 “nt + 动词不定式”构成，否定词nt需放在t之前。
Tell her nt t be late.告诉她不要迟到。
【口诀巧记忆】
①巧记后跟省略动词不定式符号 t 作宾语补足语的词
“一感”feel
“二听”listen t、hear
“三让”let、make、 have
“四看 ”lk at、see、watch、ntice
“半帮助”即在动词 help 后面作宾语补足语时， t 可有可无
②巧记后接动词不定式的词
三个希望两答应hpe 、wish 、want 、agree 、prmise
两个要求莫拒绝demand 、ask 、refuse
设法学会做决定manage 、learn 、decide
不要假装在选择pretend 、chse
Unit1 Time t Relax---t d 不定式练习
一 . 单项选择题。
1.China has made great effrts_______ther cuntries build high-speed railways.
A.help B.t help C.helping D.helped
2.Qiqi hpes_______ medicine in Sichuan University.
A.studies B.studying C.t study
3.Peple may use different bdy language_______the same feelings.
A.shw B.t shw C.shwed D. shws
4.Our headmaster will invite a scientist_______ us a speech n space technlgy.
A.give B.given C.giving D.t give
5._______teenagers' eyesight,experts advise them t stay away frm electrnic prducts.
A.Prtect B.T prtect C.Prtecting
6.We need _______ speaking English mre ften t imprve ur ral skills.
A.practice B.t practice C.practicing D.practiced
7.My little brther wants_______ the schl ftball team next term.
A.jin B.jining C.t jin D.jined
8.—What d yu plan t d this weekend?—I plan_______my grandparents in the cuntryside.
A.visit B.visiting C.t visit D.visited
9.It's imprtant fr us_______ a balanced diet every day.
A.keep B.t keep C.keeping D.kept
10.—Why did yu g t the library yesterday?—_______ sme bks abut histry.
A.Brrw B.T brrw C.Brrwing D.Brrwed
11.Our teacher tells us nt_______ thers' hmewrk.It's dishnest.
A.cpy B.cpying C.t cpy D.nt t cpy
12.She decided _______ a part-time jb t earn sme pcket mney.
A.take B.taking C.t take D.tk
13.—Can yu teach me hw _______this new app?—Sure,I'll shw yu step by step.
A.use B.t use C.using D.used
14.The teacher asked us _______ in ur hmewrk n time.
A.hand B.handing C.t hand D.handed
15.It's difficult fr a little child _______ himself withut help.
A.dress B.t dress C.dressing D.dressed
二 . 语法填空. (在空格里填写正确的答案并且在题后空白处写出固定搭配)
1.We hpe_______(visit) the Great Wall during the summer vacatin.
2.It's necessary fr us _______(learn) English well.
3.My parents ften tell me nt _______(stay) up late.
4.She decided _______(take) part in the singing cmpetitin.
5.He tried his best _______(slve)the math prblem.
6.Remember_______(bring) yur hmewrk t schl tmrrw.
7.They plan _______(travel) t Yunnan next mnth.
8.The teacher asked us _______(finish) the exercises befre class.
9.It takes me half an hur _______(walk) t schl every day.
10.We shuld encurage children_______(help) thers in need.
三 . 句型转换（按要求改写句子）
1.He wants t be a dctr when he grws up.（改为否定句）
He _______ _______t be a dctr when he grws up.
2.My mther tld me t clean my rm every day.（改为一般疑问句）
_______yur mther _______yu t clean yur rm every day?
3.T imprve my English,I read English every mrning.（对划线部分提问）
_______ _______yu _______English every mrning?
4.It's imprtant fr us t learn English well.（对划线部分提问）
_______is imprtant fr us ________ ______?
5.She decided t g t Beijing fr vacatin.（对划线部分提问）
_______did she _______t g fr vacatin?
Unit 2 Stay Healthy---反身代词
反身代词是表示“动作反射到动作执行者本身”或“强调动作执行者”的代词，核心是指代主语并与主语保持人称、数一致，不能单独作主语，需搭配动词或介词使用。
反身代词的形式(人称对应表)
二 . 反身代词的4大核心用法。
作宾语
强调动作的承受者是主语本身(主语和宾语为同一人)
常用搭配：及物动词+反身代词(常见动词：enjy,hurt,help,teach,dress,behave,seat+neself)
例1:She taught herself English when she was a child.
例2:The by hurt himself while he was playing ftball.
2.作同位语
加强语气，译为“亲自、本人”(可省略，不影响句子结构)
位置：放在主语或宾语后，也可置于句末
例1:I myself will finish the task n time. (主语同位语)
例2:Yu can ask the teacher himself fr help. (宾语同位语)
3.作表语
表示主语的状态或身份(多与 be 动词、feel 等连用)
例1:After the accident,he is nt himself anymre.(他不再是以前的样子了)
例2:I feel myself again after a gd rest. (休息后我恢复了状态)
4.常见固定搭配
by neself【独自、靠自己】
例：He finished the prject by himself.
fr neself【为自己、亲自】
例：We shuld make a decisin fr urselves.
f neself【自动地】
例：The dr pened f itself.
help neself t【随便吃 / 用 】
例：Help yurselves t sme fruit,kids.
lse neself in【沉迷于】
例：She lst herself in reading classic nvels.
teach neself【教某人自己】
例：My brther teaches himself Japanese every evening.
enjy neself【享受某人自己】
例：The children enjyed themselves in the park yesterday.
三、易错点与常见错误纠正(教学重点)
1.错误：主语和宾语不是同一人时，误用反身代词
He helped myself with my hmewrk. (主语 he≠ 宾语 myself)
He helped me with my hmewrk.
2.错误：不及物动词后直接加反身代词
She laughed herself.(laugh 是不及物动词，需加介词)
She laughed at herself.
3.错误：反身代词作主语
Myself did all the wrk. (反身代词不能单独作主语)
I myself did all the wrk./I did all the wrk by myself.
4.错误：复数形式混淆 (yurself vs yurselves)
Bys,please help yurself t fd.(主语 bys 是复数)
Bys,please help yurselves t fd.
Unit 2 Stay Healthy---反身代词练习
一 . 单项选择题。
1.When_______ parents went away n business,I lked after ________.
A.my; myself B.my;mine C.me; myself D.me;mine
2.—Maria,yu shuld believe in_______ .That's the secret f success.—OK,I will.
A.myself B.yurself C.herself D.himself
3.Teachers ften say that teenagers shuld learn t lk after_______ .
A.urselves B.yurselves C.themselves
4.—My best friend is mre ppular than me.I want t be like him.
—It's nt necessary t be the same.Yu shuld just be _______ .
A.himself B.yurself C.myself
5.Lily ften talks t_______ when she is alne.She says it helps her think clearly.
A.she B.her C.herself D.myself
6.—Wh taught yur sister t draw?—Nbdy.She taught _______ .
A.himself B.myself C.herself D.yurself
7.—Did yu make this mdel plane by_______ ?—Yes,I spent three days making it.
A.myself B.himself C.herself D.yurself
8.—I'm afraid I can't finish this task alne.—Dn't wrry.Yu can ask Tm t help yu,but yu shuld als believe in _______ .
A.yu B.yur C.yurself
9.During the summer camp,the students learned t take care f_______ .
A.yurselves B.urselves C.themselves
10.—My little brther can dress _______ nw.—Ww,he is grwing up s fast.
A.him B.himself C.his D.he
11.When yu are in truble,yu can tell _______ "I can d it" t cheer up.
A.yu B.yur C.yurself D.yurs
12.—Did yu and yur classmates enjy _______ at the party?—Yes,we had a great time.
A.yurself B.yurselves C.themselves D.urselves
13.The ld man lives alne,but he never feels lnely.He ften cks fr _______ .
A.him B.himself C.his D.he
14.—Can yu finish the wrk by _______ ?—Yes,I can.I dn't need any help.
A.yurself B.myself C.herself D.themselves
15.My sister ften practices speaking English by_______ .She wants t imprve it quickly.
A.she B.her C.herself D.myself
16.—Why did yu g t the cinema alne?—Because my friends were busy.I enjyed _______ there.
A.myself B.himself C.herself D.yurselves
17.The little girl can wash her face and brush her teeth by_______ .
A.she B.her C.herself D.myself
18.—Yu shuld depend n _______ ,nt thers.—I knw.I will try my best.
A.yu B.yur C.yurself D.yurs
19.When Tm fell ff his bike,he hurt _______ badly.
A.him B.himself C.his D.he
20.—Wh cleaned the classrm yesterday?—We did it by_______ .
A.urselves B.yurselves C.themselves D.myself
Unit 2 Stay Healthy---情态动词 shuld
【教材原句】
Yu shuld take sme medicine and drink enugh water. 你应该吃点药，喝足够的水。
一 .用法
shuld 作情态动词，意为“应该”“应当”，可用于所有人称，表示劝告、建议或表示有责任(或义务)去做某事，语气比must委婉，比may肯定。其后跟动词原形，和动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。
二 .形式
肯定句：主语+shuld+ 动词原形(+其他).
否定句：主语+ shuld nt/shuldn't+ 动词原形(+其他).
一般疑问句：Shuld+ 主语+动词原形(+其他)?
特殊疑问句(一般情况):特殊疑问词+shuld+ 主语+动词原形(+其他)?
三. 例句
Yu shuld make yur bed.你应该自己铺床。(肯定句)
Yu shuldn't thrw the rubbish here and there. 你不应该到处扔垃圾。 (否定句)
Shuld I take my temperature first?我应该先量体温吗?(一般疑问句)
What shuld I d? 我应该做什么?(特殊疑问句)
Unit 2 Stay Healthy--情态动词 shuld 练习
1.Yu ________ eat mre vegetables every day.It's gd fr yur health.
A.can B. must C.shuld D.need
2.—Shuld I call him nw?—N,yu ________.He is having a meeting.
A.may nt B.mustn't C.needn't D.shuldn't
3.—Is that Lucy in the library?—It ________ be her.She went t the playgrund just nw.
A.mustn't B.shuldn't C.can't D.needn't
4.—Must I finish my hmewrk nw?—N,yu ________.Yu can finish it this evening.
A.needn't B.can't C.mustn't D.shuldn't
5.We ________bey the schl rules and be gd students.
A.shuld B.shuldn't C.can D.mustn't
6.—What shuld I d if I feel tired?—Yu ________ have a gd rest.
A.must B.culd C.shuld D.need
7.Yu ________ stay up late befre exams.It will affect yur study.
A.shuld B.shuldn't C.need D.needn't
8.—Shuld we help the ld man crss the street?—Yes,we ________.It's ur duty.
A.shuld B.must C.may D.can
9.The students ________ listen t the teacher carefully in class.
A.can B.shuld C.need D.may
10.—Culd yu please pen the windw?—Sure,I ________ d it right nw.
A.might B.wuld C.culd D.shuld
11.— ________ I bring a gift t the party?—It's nt necessary,but yu can if yu want.
A.Must B.Culd C.Need D.Shuld
12.—What shuld I d t imprve my writing?—Yu ________ keep a diary every day.
A.culd B.shuld C.must D.may
13.— ________ I use yur pen?—Yes,f curse.Yu shuld return it t me tmrrw.
A.Must B.Culd C.Shuld D.Need
Unit 3 Grwing Up---althugh/s that/until引导的状语从句
状语从句：在主从复合句中作状语的从句，修饰主句中的动词、形容词或整个句子。
状语从句分很多种，如时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句等。本单元主要涉及的是由 althugh、s that 及 until 引导的状语从句。
althugh 引导让步状语从句
意为“尽管；虽然”，相当于 thugh 、even if 和 even thugh。其引导的状语从句可以放在主句前或主句后，放在句首时，主句前需加逗号。
例句1:Althugh he is nly 8 years ld,he can wrk ut the prblem alne.
例句2:Althugh yu argued,yu are still very clse friends.
【注意】althugh 不能与 but 连用，但可与 yet 和 still连用，表“虽然……但是……”。
s that 引导目的状语从句
意为“以便；为了”，多引导目的状语从句，其引导的状语从句一般放在主句后，且不用逗号隔开，目的是说明主句动作的目的。
例句1: He speaks ludly s that thers culd hear him.
例句2: Yu can write t yur parents s that they'll knw hw yu feel.
3.until 引导时间状语从句
意为“直到……为止”，引导时间状语从句，其引导的状语从句常放在主句之后，也可以放在主句之前。如果主句为一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来（主将从现）。
until 用于肯定句中时，意为“直到 … … 为止”，主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词（如wait、stay、wrk等）。
例句1:She ften watches cartns until her mther cmes back.
until 用在否定句中时，意为“直到 … … 才”，主句谓语动词通常用非延续性动词（如g、start、begin等）。
例句1:We didn't g hme until the rain stpped. 直到雨停了，我们才回家。
例句2:Yu wn't knw hw he feels until yu talk t him.
Unit 3 Grwing Up---althugh/s that/until引导的状语从句练习
1.__________he is tired,he still keeps wrking n his prject.
A.S that B.Until C.Althugh D.Because
2.I study hard __________I can get gd grades in the final exam.
A.s that B.until C.althugh D.if
3.The by didn't g t bed __________ he finished his hmewrk.
A.s that B.until C.althugh D.when
4.__________ the weather is bad,we will still g fr a picnic as planned.
A.S that B.Until C.Althugh D.Since
5.She tk an umbrella __________ she wuldn't get wet in the rain.
A.s that B.until C.althugh D.unless
6.We waited fr him__________ he arrived at the statin.
A.s that B.until C.althugh D.as sn as
7.__________ she is yung,she knws a lt abut histry.
A.S that B.Until C.Althugh D.When
8.He saved mney__________ he culd buy a new bike.
A.s that B.until C.althugh D.because
9.I will wait here__________ yu cme back.
A.s that B.until C.althugh D.since
10.__________ they are gd friends,they smetimes argue with each ther.
A.s that B.Until C.Althugh D.If
Unit 4 The Wnders f Nature---形容词/副词的比较级/最高级
一 .形容词：用来修饰名词或代词，描述人/事物的性质、状态、特征或数量，常译为“……的”，在句中可作定语、表语或宾语补足语。
1.形容词+名词：a beautiful girl;an interesting bk; a hard-wrking student..
2.系动词+形容词：sunds gd; turn red. .
3.不定代词+形容词：smething new ; smewhere beautiful ..
4.动词+宾语+形容词(常见动词： make,keep,find,leave,think 等)
We must keep ur classrm clean./The gd news made her happy./I find it easy t learn English.
二 . 副词：用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，描述动作的方式、程度、时间、地点、频率等，常译为“...地”“非常”“经常”等，在句中多作状语。
1.修饰动词：He runs quickly.
2.修饰句子：Luckily,he is still here.
3.修饰形容词：He is very yung.
4.修饰副词：He runs extremely happily.
三 . 形容词→副词的变化规律
1.直接+ly;quick→quickly、slw→slwly、careful→carefully
2.以辅音字母加y 结尾，变 y 为 i+ly;happy→happily 、easy→easily 、busy→busily
3.以 -ble/-ible 结尾：去 e+y;pssible→pssibly、cmfrtable→cmfrtably、terrible→teribly
4.以-ic 结尾：加-ally;basic→basically、magic→magically【 特殊 ：public→publicly 】
5.以 -ue 结尾：去e+ly;true→truly、due→duly 恰当地
6.gd→well (修饰动词；作形容词表“健康的”)
7 .形副同形(无变化);fast→fast 、hard→hard 、late→late 、early→early
8.易混特殊词：hard (努力地)≠hardly (几乎不 )、 late (晚地)≠lately (最近)
四 .形容词/副词的比较级/最高级变化规律
1.一般情况下直接加-er/-est;tall→taller→tallest; hard→harder→hardest
2.以e 结尾加-r/-st;nice→nicer→nicest;late→later→latest
重读闭音节辅元辅，双写尾字母加 -er/-est;big→bigger→biggest;ht→htter→httest
4.辅音字母加y 结尾，变 y 为 i 加 -er/-est;happy→happier→happiest;angry→angrier→angriest
5.多音节单词，在前面加 mre/mst;beautiful→mre beautiful→mst beautiful;
6.不规则变化【两好两坏，两多一少，一远一老】
五 . 形容词/副词比较级/最高级常考考点
1.s,very,t,quite,enugh 后接形容词原级，enugh需放在形容词之后。
例句1 :I am very happy tday .
例句2:This bk is easy enugh fr me t read.
2.肯定：as+ 形容词原级+as (和 … 一样)
I am as tall as yu.我和你一样高.
否定：nt s/as+形容词原级+as (不如..)
例句1 :I am nt as tall as yu.=I am shrter than yu.=Yu are taller than me.我不如你高。
3.than 连接两个比较对象，than 前用比较级。
例句1 :I am taller than yu./
例句2:Yu are mre/less ppular than me.
4.越来越 ….单音节：taller and taller; 多音节：mre and mre ppular
5.越…越….the+ 比较级，the+ 比较级
例句1:The mre yu eat,the fatter yu will be.
6.much/even/a little/a lt/far等后面接形容词比较级，表示程度的差异。
例句1:This bk is much mre interesting than that ne.【有趣的多 】
例句2:She is a little thinner than befre.【瘦一 点】
7.ne f the+ 最高级+可数名词复数….之一，最高级前需加the。
例句1:Beijing is ne f the mst beautiful cities in the wrld.
8.形容词最高级前通常加 the, 副词最高级前可加可不加(除非前面有限定词)
例子1 :the happiest day; my happiest day; yur father's happiest day
9.两个对象之间用比较级； f the tw,between A and B,A r B..
三个或以上对象用最高级； A,B r C;f+名词复数/代词 (f the three/f all);in+范围 (in China);amng,I have ever heard/seen 我曾经听过/看过
Unit 4 The Wnders f Nature---形容词/副词的比较级/最高级练习
一 . 单项选择题
1.With the develpment f 5G technlgy,ur daily lives have becme __________.
A.mre and mre cnvenient B.the mst cnvenient C.cnvenienter and cnvenienter
2.—Which is ______ seasn in yur city?—Autumn.It's neither t ht nr t cld.
A.gd B.better C.the best
3.It is much ______ t travel by high-speed train than by bus.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.the fastest
4.—What's the __________ river in China?—The Yangtze River.
A.lng B.lnger C.lngest
5.The mre yu practice speaking English,the ______ yu will be at it.
A.gd B.better C.best D.wrse
6.Our schl life is ______ than befre because f all kinds f after-schl activities.
A.clrful B.mre clrful C.the mst clrful D.clrfully
7.Munt Qmlangma is ne f the ______ muntains in the wrld.
A.highest B.higher C.high D.the highest
8.—Wh runs ______,Tm r Jerry?—Tm.He runs much faster than Jerry.
A.fast B.faster C.fastest D.mre slwly
9. __________yu wrk,the luckier yu will be.Gd luck belngs t hard-wrking peple.
A.The harder B.Harder C.The hardest D.The hard
10.Lily sings ______ than any ther student in ur class.She wn the singing cmpetitin.
A.beautifully B.mre beautifully C.less beautifully D.mst beautifully
11.After taking swimming classes,Lucy is much ______ than last year.
A.strng B.strnger C.strngest D.the strngest
12.—Is yur bag as ______ as mine?—N,it isn't.Hers is ______ than mine.
A.heavy;heavier B.heavier;heavy C.heavy;heavy D.heavier;heavier
13.Tday is much ______ than yesterday.Let's g fr a walk.
A.warmer B.warm C.warmest D.the warmest
14.M Yan is ne f the ______ writers in mdern China.
A.great B.greater C.greatest D.the greatest
15.Lucy is ______ f the three girls in her family.She is nly 5 years ld.
A.yung B.yunger C.the yunger D.the yungest
16.—Which way is ______ t the park?—The way n the left.It's much shrter.
A.cnvenient B.mre cnvenient C.mst cnvenient D.the mst cnvenient
17.I think skiing is ne f the ______ events in winter sprts.
A.exciting B.mre exciting C.mst exciting D.the mst exciting
18.Swimming is ______ than running fr peple wh have jint prblems.
A.ppular B.mre ppular C.the mst ppular D.less ppular
19.—What d yu think f the new library?—It's ne f the ______ buildings in ur city.
A.mre beautiful B.the mst beautiful C.mre mdern D.the mst mdern
20.—What's the secret f keeping healthy?—Eating ______ fruit and ______ junk fd.
A.mre;less B.mre;mre C.less;less D.less;mre
21.—I'm pr in English.What shuld I d?—Yu shuld speak it as ______ as pssible.
A.much B.mre C.mst D.many
22.—Hw's the new restaurant?—It's __________.We waited fr a lng time but the fd was cld.
A.wnderful B.terrible C.difficult D.exciting
23.—Des Lisa wrk in the hspital?—N.______,she is a teacher in a primary schl.
A.Recently B.Actually C.Carefully D.Hardly
24.—Mum,I can't lk after my little sister.She cries a lt.—Try t be ______.She is just a baby.
A.patient B.serius C.excited D.angry
25.Linda des her hmewrk very ______,s she never makes mistakes.
A.careful B.carefully C.mre careful D.mre carefully
二 . 在空格内填空正确的答案。
1.This skirt is __________ beautiful that I want t buy it at nce.(very /s /t /quite)
2.This bk is __________ (interesting)than that ne.I read it twice last mnth.
3.My mther cks __________(well)than my father.Her dishes are always delicius.
4.Amng all the students in ur class,Lucy runs the __________ (fast).She wn the schl sprts meeting.
5.The weather is getting __________(warm)and __________(warm)as spring cmes.
6.This mvie is __________ (mving)than the ne we watched yesterday.We all cried at the end.
7.She is ne f __________ (hard-wrking)students in ur grade.She never misses any classes.
8.The __________(much)yu practice speaking English,the __________ (fluent)yu will be.
9.Health is __________ (imprtant)than mney.We shuld take gd care f urselves.
10.Of the three restaurants,this ne has __________ (gd)service.All the waiters are friendly.
11.This is __________ (beautiful)flwer l have ever seen.It lks like a little sun.
12.He is the __________(tall)f the tw bys.He can get the bk n the tp shelf.
13.Lily's English is as __________(gd)as Lucy's.They bth gt full marks in the English exam.
14.Wh sings __________(well)in yur schl?Many students say it's Lily.
15.This prblem is __________ (difficult)than the last ne.I spent 30 minutes slving it.
16.—Which seasn d yu like __________(well),spring r autumn?-Spring.It's warmer and greener.
17.The envirnment in my hmetwn is getting __________(gd)and __________(gd).Many rare birds are cming back.
18.This is ne f __________(useful)bks I have ever read.It gives me a lt f practical advice.
19.The weather is t __________(cld),and it will be even __________(cld)
tmrrw.
20.Wh is __________ (ppular)teacher in yur schl?一 always makes his classes interesting.
21.Wh gt the first prize in this cmpetitin?-Of curse Tm did.He wrked __________amng us.(hard)
22.—Why are yu s __________(sad)? 一 Because my pet dg is dead.
23.The weather is getting __________and __________(ht)as summer cmes.
24.__________(many)yu practice,__________ (cnfident)yu will be in speaking English.

Unit 5 Nature's Temper---过去进行时
【教材原句】
①What were yu ding while it was snwing heavily? 下大雪时你在做什么?
②I was travelling n the train then. 我当时正在坐火车旅行。
一 . 概念
表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作，强调动作在过去某一特定时间点的“持续性”。(这一特定的过去时间除了有上下文暗示以外， 一般用时间状语来表示)
二 . 时间状语
at that time、this time yesterday、at ten 'clck last night、when/while/as 引导的表示过去时间的状语从句等，其中while常引导延续性动作，when可引导延续性或非延续性动作。
三. 基本结构
was/were + 动词 -ing 形式（主语为单数或不可数时用was，主语为复数时用were）
四 .基本句式
肯定句：主语 + was/were+ 动词 ing(+ 其他).
否定句：主语 + wasn't/weren't+ 动词ing(+ 其他)。
一般疑问句及回答
Was/Were+ 主语 + 动词 -ing 形式(+其他)?
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 +was/were.
否定回答：N, 主语 +wasn't/weren't.
特殊疑问句： ( 一般情况) 特殊疑问词+was/were + 主语 + 动词 -ing 形式(+其他)?
例句1 :I was wrking at that time. 我那个时候正在工作。
例句2:They were nt eating when the teacher came in.老师进来时，他们没在吃东西。
例句3:Were yu reading? 你在读书吗?
肯定回答： Yes,I was. 否定回答：N,I wasn't.
例句4 :What was he ding at ten 'clck last night? 他昨晚10点钟在干什么?
Unit 5 Nature's Temper---过去进行时练习
一 . 单项选择题.
1.When I passed the park yesterday,I saw sme children ______ games.
A.play B.playing C.played D.were playing
2.While my mther was cking dinner,my father ______ TV in the living rm.
A.watches B.watched C.was watching D.is watching
3.Lk!My sister __________the table.Let's give her a hand.
A.set B.sets C.is setting D.was setting
4.—Where is Helen?—I'm nt sure.Maybe she __________ her baseball lessn.
A.had B.was having C.is having D.will have
5.—Hell,may I speak t Jenny,please?-Wait a minute,please.She __________ in the kitchen nw.
A.cked B.is cking C.will ck D.was cking
6.—I didn't see yu in the classrm at 4 yesterday afternn.—Oh,I ______ fr the English test at that time.
A.study B.studied C.am studying D.was studying
7.—I called yu last night,but nbdy answered.What ______ yu ding at that time?
—Oh,srry!I was listening t music.
A.are B.were C.will be D.was
8.The Shenzhu-15 astrnauts __________ t Earth safely n June 4,2023.
A.return B.returned C.will return D.have returned
9.If yu g t the cncert with us tmrrw,yu __________ a great time there.
A.have B.had C.will have D.have had
10.At 4 'clck yesterday afternn,my father ______ fr me utside the schl gate.
A.waits B.waited C.was waiting D.is waiting
11.Culd yu please turn dwn the TV?Yur father__________n his article.
A.was wrking B.wrked C.is wrking D.wrks
12.Tim ______ Tuching China n CCTV with his family frm 8:00 t 9:00 last Saturday evening.
A.was watching B.will watch C.watched D.has watched
13.—Hw did yu get t schl yesterday?-I __________ my bike t schl.
A.rde B.ride C.rides D.was riding
14.—Lingling,what were yu ding at 7:00 yesterday evening?—I ______ my mther prepare dinner then.
A.helped B.am helping C.was helping D.will help
15.When my friend called me yesterday,I ______ my hmewrk in my rm.
A.did B.am ding C.was ding D.will d
16.Yesterday I ______ basketball with my classmates.We had a gd time.
A.will play B.play C.played D.was playing
17.I dn't knw if it__________ sunny tmrrw.If it __________sunny,I will g fishing.
A.will be;is B.is;will be C.will be;is ging t be D.was;will be
18.Jhn is waiting fr me.We __________ t the bkstre tgether.
A.went B.have gne C.will g D.were ging
19.I am srry I didn't answer yur phne because I ______ the pian at that time.
A.played B.was playing C.am playing D.will play
20.—Why didn't yu pick up my phne at seven 'clck last night?
—I ______ the dishes in the kitchen at that time s l didn't hear it.
A.was ding B.did C.had dne D.am ding
21.—Which teacher will yu miss the mst after graduatin?
— encuraged me a lt when l__________ the English exam.
A.fail B.was failing C.failed D.have failed
22.I saw yur light still n at 11:30 last night.—Oh,I ______ an exciting bk at that time.I lst myself in the stry.
A.read B.am reading C.was reading D.will read
23.—Why didn't yu pen the dr fr me,Jim?-I ______ clthes in the bathrm.I didn't hear the knck.
A.am washing B.have washed C.was washing D.washed
24.I dn't knw if it __________ tmrrw,but if it __________ ,I'll stay at hme.
A.will rain;rains B.will rain;will rain C.rains;will rain D.rains;rains
25.I ______ abut my sister when my phne rang.It was her!
A.think B.will think C.was thinking D.am thinking
Unit 6 Crssing Cultures---、unless和 as sn as引导的状语从句
【教材原句】
①But English table manners are s cnfusing that I'm a little wrried.
但是英格兰的餐桌礼仪太令人困惑了，以至于我有点担心。
②In Türkiye,peple dn't kiss ne anther n the cheek unless they are gd friends.
在土耳其，除非是好朋友，否则人们不会亲吻彼此的脸颊。
③I'll meet the Zhas as sn as I land in Shanghai.我一落地上海就会和赵家见面。
Unit 6 Crssing Cultures--- 、unless和 as sn as”引导的状语从句练习
一 、单项选择题。
1.The stry was ______ mving ______ many peple cried in the cinema.
A.s;that B.t;t C.such;that D.enugh;t
2.Yu ______ imprve yur English unless yu practice speaking it every day.
A.will B.wn't C.can D.can't
3.We ______ fr a picnic as sn as the rain______.
A.will g;stp B.g;stps C.will g;stps D.g;will stp
4.The bx is ______ heavy______ I can't carry it alne.
A.very;that B.s;that C.t;t D.such;that
5.______ yu finish yur hmewrk,yu can't watch TV.
A.Unless B.As sn as C.S that D.If
6.She ______ yu as sn as she arrives in Beijing.
A.call B.calls C.will call D.called
7.The teacher spke ______ slwly ______ everyne culd fllw her.
A.such;that B.s;that C.t;t D.as;as
8.Yu will fail the exam ______ yu study hard.
A.if B.unless C.as sn as D.s that
9.I'll tell him the news as sn as he ______ back.
A.will cme B.cmes C.came D.is cming
10.This bk is ______ interesting ______ I want t read it again.
A.s;that B.such;that C.t;t D.enugh;t
二 . 用正确的词语填空。(用 sn as 和正确的时态填空)
1.The little girl was______scared______ she culdn't say a wrd.
2.We ______g (nt g)ut fr dinner______ my father finishes his wrk.
3.The prblem is ______ difficult ______n ne in ur class can wrk it ut.
4.Yu______ (miss)the early bus______ yu get up right nw.
5.I ______ (buy)yu a gift ______I arrive in Guangzhu next week.
三 . 句型转换（按要求改写句子）
1.The weather is s cld that we can't g ut.（改为同义句）
____________________________________
Unless yu study hard,yu wn't pass the exam.（改为同义句）
____________________________________
3.I will call yu as sn as I arrive hme.（对划线部分提问）
____________________________________
4.She is s yung that she can't g t schl.（改为否定句）
____________________________________
5.We will have a picnic unless it rains tmrrw.（对划线部分提问）
____________________________________
Unit 7 A Gd Read---现在完成时(一)
1.现在完成时的构成
现在完成时的构成为：助动词have/has+ 动词的过去分词（主语为第三人称单数时用has，其余人称用have）
2.现在完成时的用法
①表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，强调“过去动作与现在的关联”。如
例1:Have yu had yur lunch yet? 你吃过午饭了吗?-Yes,I have.I've just had it.是的，我刚吃过。(现在不饿)
例2 :I have spent all f my mney (s far).(迄今为止)我已经花了我所有的钱。(现在“我”没有钱花了)
②表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，可能还要持续下去，常与fr 或 since 连用。表示持续的动作或状态多为延续性动词。如
例句1:He has lived here since 1999.自从1999年以来，他就住在这儿。
例句2 :I have learnt English fr ten years.我学习英语有10年了。
3.与现在完成时连用的时间状语
already,yet,just,ever,never,befre,s far,these days,in/during the past few years,ver the years,recently等。
- already：常用于肯定句，可放在助动词have/has之后、过去分词之前，也可放在句末，意为“已经”。
例句：He has already finished his hmewrk. 他已经完成了作业。
- yet：常用于否定句和疑问句，放在句末，否定句中意为“还未”，疑问句中意为“已经”。
例句1：I haven’t received her letter yet. 我还没有收到她的信。
例句2：Have yu seen the mvie yet? 你已经看过这部电影了吗？
- just：放在助动词have/has之后、过去分词之前，意为“刚刚”。
例句：She has just arrived at the airprt. 她刚刚到达机场。
- ever：用于疑问句，放在助动词have/has之后、过去分词之前，意为“曾经”。
例句：Have yu ever been t Beijing? 你曾经去过北京吗？
- never：用于肯定句，表否定含义，放在助动词have/has之后、过去分词之前，意为“从未”。
例句：He has never lied t his parents. 他从未对父母撒过谎。
- befre：放在句末，意为“以前”，常与ever连用（ever befre）。
例句：I have seen this picture befre. 我以前见过这张照片。
- s far/in/during the past few years/ver the years：意为“到目前为止/在过去几年里/这些年来”，强调从过去持续到现在的动作或状态。
例句：S far, we have learned 2000 English wrds. 到目前为止，我们已经学了2000个英语单词。
4.现在完成时的基本句式
肯定句：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 + 其他.
例句：They have lived in this city fr five years.
否定句：主语 + have/has + nt（haven’t/hasn’t） + 动词过去分词 + 其他.
例句：He hasn’t visited his grandparents this year.
一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其他?
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has.
否定回答：N, 主语 + haven’t/hasn’t.
例句：—Has she finished her reprt? 她完成报告了吗？
—Yes, she has. / N, she hasn’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语 + 动词过去分词 + 其他?
例句：Where have yu been recently? 你最近去了哪里？
5.易错点与常见错误纠正
① 混淆现在完成时与一般过去时：现在完成时强调“过去动作对现在的影响”，一般过去时仅表示“过去发生的动作”，不涉及现在。
错误：I saw this mvie. （仅说明“看过电影”，无现在关联）
正确：I have seen this mvie. （强调“看过电影”，现在知道电影内容）
② 延续性动词与非延续性动词的误用：表示“从过去持续到现在”时，需用延续性动词（如live, study, wrk, keep等），非延续性动词（如die, leave, buy, brrw等）不能与fr/since连用，需转换为对应的延续性动词。
错误：He has left his hmetwn fr 10 years.
正确：He has been away frm his hmetwn fr 10 years.
常见转换：leave→be away, die→be dead, buy→have, brrw→keep, jin→be in/be a member f
③ 时间状语搭配错误：fr + 时间段（表示“持续多久”），since + 时间点/一般过去时句子（表示“从……开始”）。
错误：He has studied English since 5 years.
正确：He has studied English fr 5 years. / He has studied English since 2019.
④ 主谓一致错误：主语为第三人称单数时，用has；其余人称用have。
错误：She have finished her hmewrk.
正确：She has finished her hmewrk.
Unit 7 A Gd Read---现在完成时(一)练习
一 . 单项选择题.
1.—______ yu ______ yur hmewrk yet? —Yes, I have. I finished it ten minutes ag.
A. Have; finish B. Have; finished C. Did; finish D. Will; finish
2.My father ______ in this factry fr 20 years. He lves his jb very much.
A. wrks B. wrked C. has wrked D. will wrk
3.—Have yu ever ______ t Paris? —N, but I want t g there next year.
A. been B. gne C. g D. went
4.S far, we ______ mre than 1000 new wrds this term.
A. learn B. learned C. have learned D. will learn
5.He ______ never ______ such a delicius meal befre.
A. has; eat B. has; eaten C. have; eaten D. had; eaten
6.—Where is yur brther? —He ______ t the library. He hasn’t cme back yet.
A. has gne B. has been C. went D. will g
7.I ______ this bk fr three days. I must return it t the library tmrrw.
A. have brrwed B. brrwed C. have kept D. kept
8.—When ______ yu ______ the bike? —Last mnth.
A. have; bught B. did; buy C. have; had D. will; buy
9.She ______ in Shanghai since she was a child. She knws the city very well.
A. lives B. lived C. has lived D. will live
10.—Has Tm finished his hmewrk? —N, he ______. He is still ding it.
A. hasn’t B. desn’t C. didn’t D. wn’t
11.We ______ nt seen each ther since we graduated frm middle schl.
A. have B. has C. did D. d
12.—Have yu ever seen a panda? —Yes, I ______ ne in the z last year.
A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see
13.This is the mst interesting bk I ______ ever ______.
A. have; read B. has; read C. did; read D. will; read
14.He ______ in Beijing fr five years, but nw he lives in Shanghai.
A. has lived B. lived C. lives D. will live
15.—______ has yur father wrked in the cmpany? —Fr 15 years.
A. Hw lng B. Hw ften C. Hw sn D. Hw far
二 . 语法填空. (用have/has + 动词过去分词填空，必要时补充时间状语)
1. I ______ (finish) my hmewrk already. I can g ut t play nw.
2. They ______ (nt see) each ther since last year. They miss each ther very much.
3. ______ yu ______ (visit) the Great Wall befre? It’s very famus.
4. She ______ (just arrive) at schl. She is late fr class.
5. My mther ______ (ck) dinner fr an hur. It will be ready sn.
6. S far, we ______ (learn) three English sngs this term.
7. He ______ (never g) t the USA. He wants t g there with his parents.
8. —______ yur brther ______ (return) the bk t the library? —Yes, he has. He returned it yesterday.
9. I ______ (keep) this dictinary fr tw years. It’s very useful.
10. They ______ (live) in this village since 2010. They are used t the life there.
三 . 句型转换（按要求改写句子）
1. He has finished his wrk.（改为否定句）
He ______ ______ his wrk.
2. I have seen this mvie.（改为一般疑问句）
______ yu ______ this mvie?
3. They have lived in this city fr 10 years.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ have they lived in this city?
4. She has had the bike fr 3 years.（改为同义句）
She ______ the bike 3 years ______.
5. I saw him yesterday.（用现在完成时改写，强调对现在的影响）
I ______ ______ him befre.
Unit 8 Make a Difference---现在完成时(二)
【教材原句】
① We have planted mre than 500 trees in ur schl since last year. 自从去年以来，我们在学校里种了500多棵树。
② He has been a vlunteer fr tw years. 他当志愿者已经两年了。
一 . 现在完成时的拓展用法
1. 表示动作从过去开始，持续到现在，并可能继续持续下去（延续性用法），进一步补充延续性动词与非延续性动词的转换细节，结合教材语境强化记忆。
常见非延续性动词→延续性动词转换表：

2. 现在完成时与already, yet, just, ever, never的进阶用法，结合语境区分用法差异。
- already可用于疑问句，表“惊讶、意外”，意为“难道已经……了吗”。
例句：Have yu already finished yur hmewrk? 你难道已经完成作业了吗？
- yet可用于肯定句，意为“还、仍然”，通常放在句末。
例句：He is yet a student. 他仍然是一名学生。（此处yet为副词，非现在完成时专属，补充拓展）
- ever与never互为反义词，never = nt ever，可转换句式。
例句：He has never been t Lndn. = He hasn’t ever been t Lndn.
3. 现在完成时与fr/since的深度辨析
- fr + 时间段：强调“动作持续的时长”，可用于各种时态，与现在完成时连用时，必须搭配延续性动词。
例句：I have studied English fr 8 years. （延续性动词study）
- since + 时间点/一般过去时句子：强调“动作开始的时间”，since引导的句子用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时。
例句1：Since 2020, he has wrked in this cmpany. （since + 时间点）
例句2：Since he came t this city, he has made many friends. （since + 一般过去时句子）
4. 现在完成时的特殊句型
① It is the first/secnd/... time that + 主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词. （这是某人第几次做某事）
例句：It is the first time that I have visited the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。
② This is the best/wrst/mst interesting... + 名词 + that + 主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词. （这是某人曾经见过/经历过的最……的事物）
例句：This is the mst delicius fd that I have ever eaten. 这是我曾经吃过的最美味的食物。
二 . 易错点强化纠正
1. 误区：非延续性动词与fr/since连用，未进行转换。
错误：He has left his schl fr 3 years.
正确：He has been away frm his schl fr 3 years.
2. 误区：混淆have been t与have gne t
- have been t：表示“去过某地（已经回来）”，可与ever, never, twice等连用。
例句：I have been t Shanghai twice. 我去过上海两次。（现在不在上海）
- have gne t：表示“去了某地（还没回来）”，主语通常是第三人称，不能与fr/since连用。
例句：My mther has gne t the supermarket. 我妈妈去超市了。（还没回家）
3. 误区：现在完成时与一般过去时的时间状语混用
错误：I have finished my hmewrk yesterday.
正确：I finished my hmewrk yesterday. （一般过去时，yesterday是过去时间点）
正确：I have finished my hmewrk already. （现在完成时，already是现在完成时时间状语）
4. 误区：主谓一致错误，第三人称单数主语误用have
错误：My father have wrked in this factry fr 15 years.
正确：My father has wrked in this factry fr 15 years.
Unit 8 Make a Difference---现在完成时(二)练习
一 . 单项选择题.
1.—Where is Lucy? —She ______ t the supermarket. She will be back in an hur.
A. has been B. has gne C. went D. will g
2.It is the first time that I ______ such a beautiful beach.
A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see
3.My grandparents ______ married fr 50 years. They lve each ther very much.
A. have been B. gt C. have gt D. will get
4.—Hw lng ______ yu ______ this bike? —Fr 3 years.
A. have; bught B. did; buy C. have; kept D. will; buy
5.—Have yu ever ______ t the Great Wall? —Yes, I went there with my parents last year.
A. been B. gne C. g D. went
6.S far, we ______ mre than 200 trees in ur neighbrhd.
A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. will plant
7.He ______ in this schl since he came t this city.
A. wrks B. wrked C. has wrked D. will wrk
8.—Has yur brther ______ the army? —Yes, he ______ the army last year.
A. jined; jined B. been in; jined C. jined; has been in D. been in; has jined
9.This is the wrst mvie I ______ ever ______.
A. have; seen B. has; seen C. did; see D. will; see
10.—______ has yur sister been a teacher? —Fr 5 years.
A. Hw lng B. Hw ften C. Hw sn D. Hw far
11.I ______ nt ______ him since we had a fight last mnth.
A. have; seen B. has; seen C. did; see D. will; see
12.—Have yu ______ finished yur reprt? —N, I’m still wrking n it.
A. already B. yet C. just D. ever
13.She ______ the bk fr a week. She needs t return it t the library.
A. has brrwed B. brrwed C. has kept D. kept
14.—When ______ yu ______ t this city? —Last year. And I ______ here fr a year.
A. did; cme; have been B. have; cme; have been C. did; cme; was D. will; cme; will be
15.He ______ never ______ t Paris, but he knws a lt abut it.
A. has; been B. has; gne C. did; g D. will; g
二 . 语法填空. (用have/has + 动词过去分词填空，必要时转换动词形式)
1. My brther ______ (jin) the English club fr tw years. He speaks English very well nw.
2. They ______ (nt see) each ther since they mved t different cities.
3. ______ yu ______ (be) t the new park yet? It’s very beautiful.
4. She ______ (buy) a new dress last week, and she ______ (have) it fr a week.
5. S far, we ______ (plant) mre than 300 trees in ur schl.
6. He ______ (never visit) the Palace Museum. He wants t g there this summer.
7. My father ______ (wrk) in this factry since 2018. He is a gd wrker.
8. The meeting ______ (be) n fr half an hur. It will end sn.
9. I ______ (brrw) a bk frm the library three days ag. I ______ (keep) it fr three days.
10. It is the third time that I ______ (visit) this city. I like it very much.
三 . 句型转换（按要求改写句子）
1. He has been in the army fr 3 years.（改为同义句）
He ______ the army 3 years ______.
2. My mther has gne t the hspital.（改为一般疑问句）
______ yur mther ______ t the hspital?
3. They have lived in this village since 2015.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ have they lived in this village?
4. I have seen this mvie twice.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ ______ have yu seen this mvie?
5. He died 5 years ag.（用现在完成时改写）
He ______ ______ ______ fr 5 years.
人称/数
单数
复数
第一人称
myself(我自己)
urselves(我们自己)
第二人称
yurself(你自己)
yurselves(你们自己)
第三人称
himself(他自己)、herself(她自己)、itself(它自己)
themselves(他们/她们/它们自己)
原级
比较级
最高级
gd/well
better
best
bad/badly/ill
wrse
wrst
many/much
mre
mst
little
less
least
far
farther/further
farthest/furthest
ld
lder/elder
ldest/eldest
从句类型
引导词
含义
主从时态规则
典型结构/转换
例句
结果状语从句

如此.以至于
无固定时态规则，依语境定
s + 形容词 / 副词+that从句（s后接形容词/副词，such后接名词短语）
Li Lei runs s fast that I can't catch up.
条件状语从句
unless
除非；如果不
主将从现
可转换为 “if…nt”
Unless yu hurry up,yu'll miss the bus (=If yu dn't hurry up.…)
时间状语从句
as sn as
一...就...
主将从现
从句动作先发生，主句动作紧随
I'll meet the Zhas as sn as I land in Shanghai.
非延续性动词
延续性动词
例句（转换）
leave
be away
He left here yesterday. → He has been away frm here since yesterday.
die
be dead
His grandfather died 5 years ag. → His grandfather has been dead fr 5 years.
buy
have
She bught a new bag last mnth. → She has had the new bag fr a mnth.
brrw
keep
I brrwed a bk frm the library. → I have kept the bk fr a week.
jin
be in/be a member f
He jined the army last year. → He has been in the army fr a year.
start/begin
be n
The meeting started an hur ag. → The meeting has been n fr an hur.
arrive/reach
be in
He arrived in Beijing yesterday. → He has been in Beijing since yesterday.
marry
marry
be married
They married 10 years ag. → They have been married fr 10 years.