山东德州市德城区2026年九年级第一次模拟检测英语试题（含解析）中考模拟

这是一份山东德州市德城区2026年九年级第一次模拟检测英语试题（含解析）中考模拟，共12页。
1．本试题共六个大题，分选择题和非选择题两种类型;选择题计80分，非选择题计70分;试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2．考生应将答案全部答在答题卡上，注意事项请参照答题卡要求。考试结束后，试题和答题卡将一并收回。
一、听力测试(共25小题;1-20小题，每小题1分;21-25小题，每小题2分;总计30分;每小题约有8秒钟的答题时间)
(一)录音中有五个句子，每个句子听两遍，然后从每小题A、B、C中选出能对每个句子做出适当反应的答语。(5分)
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Cffee.B. Histry.C. Library.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】What’s yur favrite subject?
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Here we g.B. Pretty gd.C. Have fun.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】Hey, Betty. Hw was yur weekend?
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. N, nt usually.B. Yu’re welcme.C. That’s a gd pint.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】Maybe we shuld ask smene else fr help.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Thank yu!B. Take it easy.C. N, I dn’t.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】Yur handwriting is s nice.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Gd jb.B. I hpe s.C. Srry, I wn’t.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】Dn’t run in the hall, please.
(二)
6. 录音中有三个句子，每个句子对应一幅图片，每个句子听两遍，然后选择与句子内容相对应的图片。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. B. C.
1. ________ 2.________ 3. ________
【答案】 ①. B ②. C ③. A
【解析】
【原文】1.My brther is crazy abut playing the guitar.
2. Our schl will hld a speaking cmpetitin next mnth.
3. Tm had his eyes checked last week.
(三)录音中有五组对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。(5分)
7. What are the tw speakers talking abut? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Eating habits.B. Dining places.C. Table manners.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】A: Linda, what shall we d when we eat with freigners?
B: Never say “I’m full” if yu dn’t want mre fd. It’s implite.
8. Hw des the wman want her cffee? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Withut milk.B. Withut sugar.C. With a little sugar.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】A: Hw d yu take yur cffee? D yu want milk and sugar?
B: Just a little bit f milk, please. I’m trying t avid sugar. Thanks.
9. What time will the meeting begin n Tuesday? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. At 11:00 a.m.B. At 1:00 p.m.C. At 3:00 p.m.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】A: Wuld it be kay t have the meeting at 11 ’clck n Tuesday mrning?
B: That’s fine, but it has t be finished by 1 ’clck because I have a flight t catch at 3.
10. What des the girl mean? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Miss Wang can’t be in the ffice nw.
B. Miss Wang may frget t turn n the light.
C. Miss Wang was the last ne t leave the ffice.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】A: Lk, the light in the teacher’s ffice is still n. It must be Miss Wang there.
B: I dn’t think s. I saw her g hme 10 minutes ag.
11. Why des the wman call the man? 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. T say thanks.B. T ask abut her disease.C. T ask abut her father’s cnditin.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】A: Hell. I am calling t ask abut my dad’s cnditin. I’m s wrried.
B: Well, his disease turned ut t be nt as serius as we had expected.
(四)
录音中有一段长对话，听对话两遍后，从每小题A、B、C中选出能回答所给问题的正确答案。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
12. Hw ld is the wman ging t be?
A. 30.B. 40.C. 50.
13. What des the man think f the restaurant he went t?
A. It’s expensive.B. It’s a bit small.C. It’s newly pened.
14. What des the man advise the wman t d?
A. Invite fewer peple.B. Hst the party at hme.C. Call his ld classmate.
15. What kind f fd des the wman want?
A. Greek fd.B. Italian fd.C. French fd.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【原文】A: Jasn, I’m planning t have a birthday party. I heard yu celebrated yur 50th birthday recently. Hw was yur party ging?
B: Oh, we kept it small. Just family and a few clse friends, 20 peple at mst. Hw many guests are yu planning fr?
A: It’s ging t be quite a big celebratin, abut 100 peple. My husband wants my 40th birthday t be remembered frever.
B: If in that case, the place we celebrated at wn’t wrk fr yu. It’s an ld Italian restaurant n French Street. It ffers delicius fd and the price is nt high, but the largest dining hall can nly hld 30 peple.
A: I see. Yu’re right.
B: I have an idea. My ld classmate Bill wrks in a restaurant. He always plans sme parties fr custmers. I’m sure he can help. Here is his business card. Yu can call him.
A: Thanks a lt. I really hpe he can ffer sme Greek fd.
B: I’m sure he can.
(五)
录音中有三小段独白，听独白两遍后，根据独白内容，将信息配对。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
【答案】16. C 17. A
18. B
【解析】
【原文】Anna keeps everything in rder. Her desk, her bag, her bedrm. Never messy. A tidy space helps her study well, she thinks.
Ben is careful with his mney. He cmpares prices befre buying and never buys things he desn’t need. He saves a lt fr his future trips.
Cindy is utging and friendly. She talks t new classmates easily and always invites thers t jin her games. She makes friends quickly everywhere.
在电台Ten O’clck News节目中，主持人播报今晚新闻。请听新闻两遍，根据表格内容提示，记录相关信息，完成表格(每空一词)。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Tnight’s Tp Stries
【答案】19. Friday
20. airprt
21. flwers
22. museum 23. 12##twelve
【解析】
【原文】Welcme t the 10 ’clck news. Here are tnight’s tp stries. A big shpping festival will be held in the city centre this Friday evening. Shps will sell things at lwer prices and custmers can get free gifts when they spend enugh mney. Traffic plice remind drivers t be careful n busy streets. A new bus line will start next Mnday. It cnnects the east statin with the airprt and it nly takes 20 minutes. The first bus leaves at 6 AM and the last ne is at 10 PM every day. Schl garden prjects are becming ppular in lcal schls. A new reprt says mre and mre students grw vegetables and flwers in their schl gardens, and they say it helps them learn abut nature. The lcal museum will have a special shw abut ld tys this Saturday. All visitrs can enter fr free and the shw will run frm 9 AM t 5 PM every day. A kids’ ftball match will start this Saturday at 2 ’clck. Players must be under 12 t jin the game and they will play n the schl playgrund. That’s all fr nw. See yu again tmrrw.
阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。
A
24. Wh is Yuth Art Exchange (YAE) pen t accrding t the pster?
A. Teenagers living in San Francisc.B. Prfessinal artists in San Francisc.
C. Students studying art in San Francisc.D. All yung peple wh are interested in art.
25. What d we knw abut when and where t have YAE classes?
A. Only n weekends.B. Thrugh the internet at hme.
C. In the mrning befre schl.D. At 150 Missin St. and 330 San Jse Ave.
26. Why des YAE ffer its prgrams fr free?
A. It is supprted by lcal art schls.
B. The classes are taught mainly by vlunteers.
C. It believes art educatin shuld be pen t everyne.
D. Sme f its students help imprve public spaces thrugh paintings.
27. Alex wants t learn abut YAE’s advantages. Which part f the pster shuld he read first?
A. The first tw paragraphs.B. “WHAT DOES YAE OFFER?”
C. “WHY SHOULD YOU CHOOSE YAE?”D. “HOW CAN YOU SIGN UP?”
28. Hw can Rebecca ask the teachers abut the usual class size at YAE?
A. By sending an email t YAE.B. By making a call t (415) 454-873.
C. By writing a letter t 150 Missin St.D. By leaving a message n scial media.
【答案】24. A 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是海报，围绕Yuth Art Exchange (YAE) 的相关题目展开。
【24题详解】
海报明确指出“That’s why ur prgrams are free fr all San Francisc teenagers. Students frm all backgrunds are welcme.”，这直接说明YAE面向所有居住在旧金山的青少年，无论其背景如何。
【25题详解】
海报第二段指出“Our prgrams are held at tw cnvenient lcatins, 150 Missin St. and 330 San Jse Ave.”，同时说明“Classes are ffered after schl and n weekends”，选项中只有“150 Missin St. and 330 San Jse Ave.”与原文中的上课地点一致。
【26题详解】
海报明确说明“We believe that everyne shuld have the chance t study art. That’s why ur prgrams are free fr all San Francisc teenagers.”，这直接表明YAE免费提供课程的原因是其认为艺术教育应该面向每一个人。
【27题详解】
海报中“WHY SHOULD YOU CHOOSE YAE?”部分，详细列出了选择YAE的优势，包括培养艺术技能和思维能力、与志趣相投的青少年合作、自由表达自我、了解艺术相关职业等，因此Alex想了解优势应先阅读这一部分。
【28题详解】
海报最后指出“If yu have any questins, please call us at (415) 454-873.”，Rebecca想询问班级规模这一问题，可通过拨打该电话进行咨询。
B
“Knck, knck, knck ... “
One recent day at nn, I pened my eyes and fund myself standing utside my apartment. Everything lked familiar, yet smething felt ff: The keyhle in the dr was gne. I kncked, expecting my wife r daughters t answer.
“Cming!” a male vice replied. It sunded like mine, but much lder.
The dr pened suddenly, shwing a rbt-like figure. I lked arund the flat befre staring at the metal persn in great surprise.
“Cme in, please!” the rbt said. “My human, Mr. Wu, asked me t teleprt yu here.”
“Teleprt?” I was even mre puzzled. “Where am I? Isn’t this my apartment?”
“It is, but it’s March 2054. Yu’re in the future.”
“Hi! Cme in and have a seat!” An elderly man stepped ut f the living rm. He must be me at 63. Luckily fr me, he lked very healthy.
“This is my persnal humanid, Wu BOT,” the man explained. “Dn’t be surprised. These days, almst every family has ne.”
“Wu BOT?! I just saw it perfrming high-energy kung fu alngside real masters n the CCTV Spring Festival Gala (春节联欢晚会).”
“Mine is an updated mdel. I named it Wu BOT because my— and yur— surname is Wu,” the man said. “But it perfrms kung fu quite well, and I practice Tai Chi with it every ...”
A sft beep frm utside the windw interrupted (打断) him. A small drne (无人机) was flying in the air.
“Just a secnd,” the man said. “It’s Ta BOT, delivering the birthday gift I rdered fr my wife.”
“Where is she?” I asked when he returned.
“She’s traveling with her friends at Munt Lu, and she will be back tmrrw.”
“What abut ur daughters, Xiahui and Xinfei?”
“They’re wrking as rcket researchers in Gansu. Befre leaving, they bught me this humanid as a gift.”
“S, yu’re alne tday, which is why yu teleprted me here — t keep yu cmpany?”
“Exactly. I can talk t Wu BOT, but it’s nt the same. I just wanted ...”
Suddenly, everything blurred. It seemed the teleprtatin technlgy hadn’t been perfected yet. In a minute, I wke up frm a nap n a park bench. Birds were chirping, children were laughing, and elderly cuples were taking a slw walk after lunch. There were n humanids r drnes: It felt gd t be back in the human age.
29. Wh wrte this stry?
A. Mr. Wu in 2026.B. Mr. Wu’s wife in 2054.
C. An elderly Mr. Wu in 2054.D. One f Mr. Wu’s daughters in 2026.
30. Hw did the writer prbably feel when hearing a male vice answer “Cming!”?
A. Angry.B. Excited.C. Surprised.D. Disappinted.
31. Wh pened the apartment dr fr the writer?
A. His wife.B. His future self.
C. One f his daughters.D. A rbt that lked like a human.
32. What did the ld Mr. Wu mst prbably want t say befre the teleprtatin brke dwn?
“Exactly. I can talk t Wu BOT, but it’s nt the same. I just wanted…”
A. t give a surprise t my past selfB. t have real human cnversatins
C. t shw yu the latest technlgyD. t test if teleprtatin wrks well
33. Where is this text mst prbably taken frm?
A. A science magazine.B. A health reprt.C. A travel guidebk.D. A mvie review.
【答案】29. A 30. C 31. D 32. B 33. A
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了2026年的“我”被传送到2054年，遇到未来的自己、人形机器人和无人机，意识到科技虽发达但无法替代真实的人类陪伴。
【29题详解】
故事以第一人称“我”叙述，结尾提到“I wke up frm a nap n a park bench... It felt gd t be back in the human age.”，说明叙述者生活在没有机器人和无人机的“人类时代”。结合未来自己63岁（2054年），推算现在为2026年左右，因此作者是2026年的吴先生。
【30题详解】
第三段指出：“‘Cming!’ a male vice replied. It sunded like mine, but much lder.”，第四段接着描述“I lked arund... in great surprise.”，说明听到与自己相似但更老的声音时感到惊讶。
【31题详解】
第四段指出：“The dr pened suddenly, shwing a rbt-like figure.”，第五段机器人说“My human, Mr. Wu, asked me t teleprt yu here.”，明确说明是机器人（人形机器人）开的门。
【32题详解】
倒数第二段老吴说：“Exactly. I can talk t Wu BOT, but it’s nt the same. I just wanted...”，结合上下文，他想要的是真实的人类交流，而不是与机器人对话。因此他想说的是“想要真实的人类交谈”。
【33题详解】
全文涉及时间旅行、人形机器人（Wu BOT）、无人机送货、全息传送等未来科技，属于科幻题材，最可能出自科学杂志。
C
When Philip Sntag, a plar (极地) researcher at Rutgers University, first visited Antarctica, he brught back smething unusual: a huge bag f penguin feathers (羽毛). Nw, his team has discvered hw t use these feathers t create a living map f mercury (汞) pllutin in the Suthern Ocean.
Mercury, which cmes mainly frm gld mining (采矿), builds up in the fd chain and harms animals’ nervus systems. But nly testing rcks, ice r sil can’t tell hw much f it actually enters the ecsystem.
Penguins can dispse f mercury thrugh their feathers when they mlt (换羽). S, Philip and his teammates used thse mlted feathers t see where penguins tk in mercury. Surprisingly, they fund ut that mercury levels in the feathers are clsely cnnected with carbn-13 levels, which differ gegraphically and shw where penguins feed.
The finding means that penguins can serve as living trackers (追踪者) f envirnmental pllutin. By checking their feathers, the team culd track hw mercury mves thrugh the cean fd chain ver time. Fr example, penguin species living near ne anther may have different mercury and carbn-13 levels because they migrate (迁徙) and eat differently. This infrmatin culd help build a map-like database (数据库) fr future prtectin and research.
Philip plans t cllect newer feathers frm mre kinds f penguins and cmpare mercury levels in their bld, fd and feathers. He says the present mercury levels aren’t high enugh t harm penguins’ health.
34. What did Philip use the penguin feathers he cllected t d?
A. T create a map shwing where penguins travel.
B. T track mercury pllutin in the cean ecsystem.
C. T study the mlting patterns f different penguin species.
D. T cmpare the health cnditins f penguins in different areas.
35. What des the underlined wrd “it” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. mercuryB. fd chainC. gld miningD. nervus system
36. What des the underlined phrase “dispse f” in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. hideB. streC. remveD. prduce
37. What rle des carbn-13 play in the study?
A. It marks penguins’ grwth stages.B. It helps lcate where penguins feed.
C. It tells changes in penguin numbers.D. It shws mercury levels in penguins.
38. What des Paragraph 4 mainly talk abut?
A. Hw t build a map-like database.
B. Penguins’ different migratin and feeding patterns.
C. Hw t test mercury levels in penguins’ feathers.
D. Why penguins are imprtant as living trackers.
【答案】34. B 35. A 36. C 37. B 38. D
【解析】
【导语】本文介绍研究人员利用企鹅换羽的羽毛，结合碳-13 指标，将企鹅作为活体追踪者，监测南大洋汞污染分布与传播，并为海洋生态保护研究提供数据支撑。
【34题详解】
第一段指出：“his team has discvered hw t use these feathers t create a living map f mercury pllutin in the Suthern Ocean.”，说明菲利普利用企鹅羽毛追踪南大洋的汞污染，对应监测海洋生态系统中的汞污染。
【35题详解】
第二段指出：“Mercury... builds up in the fd chain... But nly testing rcks, ice r sil can’t tell hw much f it actually enters the ecsystem.”，整段围绕汞展开，it指代前文核心名词mercury（汞）。
【36题详解】
第三段指出：“Penguins can dispse f mercury thrugh their feathers when they mlt.”，结合语境，企鹅换羽时通过羽毛排出汞，remve意为“排出、去除” 符合句意。
【37题详解】
第三段指出：“mercury levels... are clsely cnnected with carbn-13 levels, which differ gegraphically and shw where penguins feed.”，明确说明碳-13 可以显示企鹅的觅食地点。
【38题详解】
第四段指出：“The finding means that penguins can serve as living trackers f envirnmental pllutin.”，后文围绕企鹅作为污染活体追踪者的作用、研究价值展开，为本段主旨。
D
As artificial intelligence (AI) is mre and mre used t give peple daily advice and guidance, a new wrry has arisen: sycphancy. This means AI ften agrees with users t much, praises them, r says they are right, even when they are nt. Researchers warned that such behavir wuld cmmnly appear in AI, even when users had ideas that are nt right r prper, and that it wuld badly influence peple’s beliefs and decisins.
T test their ideas, they tested 11 leading AI mdels t see hw ften this happens. They fund that AI agreed with users 49% mre ften than humans wuld n average. This happened even when users talked abut lying, breaking the law, r ding ther harmful things. In ne famus nline website where peple ask, “Am I the wrng ne?”, humans almst never agreed with the wrngder (0%). But the AI agreed with them 51% f the time—even when the user admitted (承认) t lying, cheating, r causing harm t thers.
T understand the real effects f this sycphancy, scientists ran experiments with ver 2,400 peple. In ne part, test takers discussed a real past prblem with an AI thrugh live chat. The results were surprising: after just ne talk with a sycphantic AI, peple became less willing t take respnsibility fr their mistakes. They were als less likely t aplgize r repair damaged relatinships. Instead, they became mre certain that they were right all alng. Wrse still, even thugh the sycphantic AI made them judge incrrectly, users still trusted it and preferred it ver hnest nes. This creates a dangerus cycle: sycphancy causes harm, but because users like it, cmpanies have little reasn t stp it.
Why is this s wrrying? Accrding t the researchers, blind supprt—being tld “yu’re right” when yu are nt—can weaken ur ability t crrect urselves. Scial psychlgy tells us that unnecessary praise can strengthen wrng, unhealthy ideas, stp peple frm taking respnsibility fr their mistakes, and discurage them frm fixing relatinships after they d smething wrng. Over time, it may lead t mre arguments with thers and stp persnal grwth. Fr teenagers, wh are still learning hw t handle disagreements and take respnsibility, the risk is even greater.
The study shws that AI’s blind praise is nt just a small mistake in design r a little prblem. It is a real scial danger that influences hw peple see themselves and their relatinships with thers. Scientists ask us t make AI that gives hnest feedback (反馈), nt nly yes answers, by making better rules, tests and watches. At the same time, we users shuld remember: an AI that always says “yes” may nt be yur real friend. Small design chices in AI can bring big truble, s we must be careful and think carefully when we take advice frm AI, t keep urselves safe in the lng run.
39. What des “sycphancy” mean in the article?
A. Praising and agreeing t much.B. Giving hnest and fair advice.
C. Asking the user many questins.D. Always disagreeing with the user.
40. Hw did AI behave differently frm humans in the nline website test?
A. AI never gave any advice.B. AI disagreed with mst users.
C. AI agreed with wrngders mre ften.D. Humans agreed with wrngders mre ften.
41. What happened t test takers after they talked with a sycphantic AI?
A. They stpped trusting all AI systems.B. They asked fr mre hnest feedback.
C. They became mre willing t aplgize.D. They were less willing t take respnsibility.
42. Why is sycphancy hard t stp accrding t the article?
A. It is t expensive t fix.B. Users prefer and trust sycphantic AI.
C. Scientists can’t find any facts abut it.D. Only ne AI mdel has this prblem.
43. Which f the fllwing is the best title fr the article?
A. AI: A Helpful Tl fr Daily LifeB. The Hidden Harm f AI Sycphancy
C. Hw t Use AI t Get Hnest AdviceD. Teenagers Shuld Stay Away frm AI
【答案】39. A 40. C 41. D 42. B 43. B
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能中的“谄媚”现象，即AI过度赞同用户的行为及其潜在危害。
【39题详解】
第一段明确指出“sycphancy”的含义：“This means AI ften agrees with users t much, praises them, r says they are right, even when they are nt.”，说明“sycphancy”意思是过度赞扬和赞同。
【40题详解】
第二段提到在线网站测试中人工智能与人类的不同表现：“In ne famus nline website where peple the AI agreed with them 51% f the time—even when the user admitted (承认) t lying, cheating, r causing harm t thers.”，说明人工智能更频繁地同意错误者。
【41题详解】
第三段指出：“after just ne talk with a sycphantic AI, peple became less willing t take respnsibility fr their mistakes”，说明测试者变得不愿承担责任。
【42题详解】
第三段指出：“users still trusted it and preferred it ver hnest nes... cmpanies have little reasn t stp it”，说明用户更喜欢和信任谄媚型AI，使得企业没有理由阻止这一现象。
【43题详解】
文章主要围绕人工智能的谄媚行为及其隐藏的危害展开，因此最合适的标题是“The Hidden Harm f AI Sycphancy”。
三、短文还原(共5空，每空2分，计10分)
阅读短文，从短文下面方框中的六个句子中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。
Have yu heard f the term “crab mentality”? It describes a self-centered and narrw-minded way f thinking. ____44____
Peple use the term t talk abut thse wh try t stp thers frm achieving their dreams, ften by criticizing (批评) them. As a general rule, if yu say smene has “crab mentality”, yu are saying smething very negative abut their persnality.
____45____ When they are trapped in a bucket, they prevent each ther frm escaping. If ne crab tries t get ut, the thers will pull it back in. ____46____ Since all the crabs will face the same bad end, t be cked and eaten, why dn’t they help each ther t freedm?
Peple with “crab mentality” d nt want yu t win r escape a bad situatin. Instead, they will try t pull yu back dwn. ____47____ Fr example, if yu want t start a business, they’ll say, “That’s far t risky. Yu shuld just keep yur safe jb.” If yu want t take part in a singing cntest, they’ll say, “I heard the judges are really mean. Dn’t embarrass yurself.”
Nw that we knw what a persn with “crab mentality” is like, it’s wrth asking: culd we smetimes be the crab in smene else’s bucket? And hw can we fight “crab mentality”? The first step is t learn t recgnize it in yurself. Once yu are aware f yur prblem, yu can actively find ways t vercme it. Next, make it a habit t shw happiness fr smene’s success. When yur friend gets a gd grade r wins a prize, always say “Yu’ve earned it!” r “Let’s celebrate yur success!”. Yur wrds can change yur feelings. ____48____
A. Sn, yu’ll start t feel like their success is yur success, t.
B. It means, “If I can’t have smething, then yu can’t have it either.”
C. The idea f “crab mentality” cmes frm the natural behavir f crabs.
D. This kind f thinking can help peple avid making mistakes in their lives.
E. Their advice always seems helpful, but it is actually designed t hld yu back.
F. Even wrse, they smetimes wait until it has almst escaped befre pulling it dwn.
【答案】44. B 45. C 46. F 47. E 48. A
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了“螃蟹心态”这一概念，描述了自私、心胸狭隘的思维方式及其表现，并提出了克服这种心态的方法。
【44题详解】
前文指出“螃蟹心态”描述的是一种自私、心胸狭隘的思维方式，B选项“It means, ‘If I can’t have smething, then yu can’t have it either.’”具体解释了螃蟹心态的核心含义，与前文形成逻辑关系。
【45题详解】
后文指出当螃蟹被困在桶里时，它们会互相阻止对方逃跑，C选项“The idea f ‘crab mentality’ cmes frm the natural behavir f crabs.”解释了螃蟹心态这一概念的来源，与后文关于螃蟹行为的具体描述形成总分关系。
【46题详解】
前文描述一只螃蟹试图爬出时，其他螃蟹会把它拉回来，后文提出问题为什么螃蟹不互相帮助逃生，F选项“Even wrse, they smetimes wait until it has almst escaped befre pulling it dwn.”进一步描述了螃蟹行为的极端情况，与后文关于质疑螃蟹行为的内容形成逻辑关系。
【47题详解】
前文指出具有螃蟹心态的人会试图把你拉回来，后文举例说明他们会说“太冒险了，你应该保住安全的工作”等话语，E选项“Their advice always seems helpful, but it is actually designed t hld yu back.”总结了这些建议看似有帮助实则阻碍你的特点，与后文具体例子形成总分关系。
【48题详解】
前文指出言语可以改变感受，A选项“Sn, yu’ll start t feel like their success is yur success, t.”描述了积极言语带来的结果，与前文形成逻辑关系。
四、综合填空(共20空，每空1.5分，计30分)
A
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。
The bicycle, a tw-wheeled machine pwered by the rider, has a lng and interesting histry. The ____49____ bicycle was invented by Karl vn Drais, a German. In 1817, he designed and made a simple tw-wheeled machine. It had n pedals (脚踏板). Riders pushed it frward with their ____50____ n the grund. It was made t help peple travel faster, especially when hrses were hard t find after a bad harvest that left many withut wrk animals.
In the 1860s, pedals were added t the frnt wheel by sme inventrs in France. These early bikes were heavy, ____51____ irn frames and wden wheels, s peple called them “bneshakers” as the rides were really bumpy (颠簸的)—even small ____52____ n the rad culd make the rider shake.
Later in the 1870s, a new design with a big frnt wheel and a small back wheel became ppular. It culd g faster, but it wasn’t ____53____. Riders ften fell frward, especially when hitting a rck r stpping ____54____.
Then, in the 1880s, Jhn Kemp Starley had an inventin: the wnderful “safety bike”. It had tw wheels f the same size, a chain t mve the back wheel, and a lwer seat. The safety bike culd balance ____55____ — it never threw its rider frward like the ld high-wheelers. This made it much easier and safer t ride. After that, air-filled tires (轮胎) were added, making rides much ____56____.
Over time, bikes gt lighter and better, ____57____ they became a cmmn way t travel, used fr wrk, fun, and sprts. Tday, bikes are still ppular all ver the wrld. They are simple, efficient, and gd fr the envirnment. Karl vn Drais and ther inventrs’ hard wrk and ____58____ thinking have given us this wnderful vehicle.
【答案】49. first
50. feet 51. with
52. stnes 53. safe
54. suddenly
55. itself 56. smther
57. s 58. creative
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了自行车的发展历史，从1817年德国人卡尔・冯・德莱斯发明的无脚踏板自行车，到19世纪60-80年代的改进（添加脚踏板、大前轮小后轮设计、安全自行车及充气轮胎），讲述了自行车如何从简单简陋变得更轻便、更安全、更实用，最终成为全球普遍使用的出行工具，同时肯定了发明家们的努力与创造性思维。
【49题详解】
句意：第一辆自行车是由德国人卡尔·冯·德莱斯发明的。空格前有定冠词“The”，结合语境，此处表示“第一辆”，所给词“ne”需变形为序数词“first”，用于修饰名词“bicycle”。
【50题详解】
句意：骑行者用脚在地上推动它前进。所给词“ft”为可数名词，骑行者用两只脚推动，因此需变形为复数形式“feet”，“with their feet”表示“用他们的脚”。
【51题详解】
句意：这些早期的自行车很重，有着铁制的车架和木制的轮子，所以人们称它们为“震骨车”。空格后“irn frames and wden wheels”是自行车的特征，所给词“with”表示“具有、带有”。
【52题详解】
句意：因为骑行非常颠簸——即使路上的小石子也能让骑行者摇晃。所给词“stne”为可数名词，结合“small”及句意，此处表示“小石子”，且不止一颗，需变形为复数“stnes”。
【53题详解】
句意：它能骑得更快，但并不安全。空格前有系动词“wasn’t”，需填形容词作表语，所给词“safety”为名词，需变形为形容词“safe”，结合后文“Riders ften fell frward”，可知此处表示“不安全”。
【54题详解】
句意：骑行者经常向前摔倒，尤其是在撞到石头或突然停下的时候。空格处修饰动词“stpping”，需用副词，所给词“sudden”为形容词，需变形为副词“suddenly”，表示“突然地”。
【55题详解】
句意：安全自行车能自己保持平衡——它从来不会像老式高轮自行车那样把骑行者甩到前面。结合句意，此处表示“自行车自身保持平衡”，所给词“it”需变形为反身代词“itself”，指代主语“The safety bike”。
【56题详解】
句意：在那之后，充气轮胎被加上了，让骑行变得更加平稳。空格前有“much”，用于修饰比较级，结合语境，充气轮胎会让骑行更平稳，所给词“smth”需变形为比较级“smther”。
【57题详解】
句意：随着时间的推移，自行车变得更轻、更好，所以它们成为了一种常见的出行方式，用于工作、娱乐和运动。空格前后为因果关系，“自行车变得更好”是“成为常见出行方式”的原因，所给词“s”表示“所以”，无需词形变化。
【58题详解】
句意：卡尔·冯·德莱斯和其他发明家的努力工作和创造性思维给了我们这种很棒的交通工具。空格处修饰名词“thinking”，需用形容词，所给词“creative”本身为形容词，意为“创造性的”。
B
阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化(可添加助动词或者情态动词)，填入空白处。
Xuan paper has been described as “the king f paper”. It’s famus fr its sft and fine textured (质感好的). The clr f Xuan paper can remain fresh and bright fr a lng time.
The term Xuan paper first ____59____ in On Famus Paintings thrugh the Ages, a bk written by Tang Dynasty (618-907) schlar Zhang Yanyuan, in which he described Xuan paper as an ideal carrier fr calligraphy (书法) and painting.
D yu knw wh created the first piece f Xuan paper? Peple say it was Kng Dan, whse teacher was Cai Lun, the famus inventr f paper. After Cai Lun died, Kng Dan painted a picture ____60____ his teacher. But the paper sn turned yellw and black, and the picture became unclear. Feeling sad, Kng Dan decided t travel arund the cuntry t find ways t make better paper.
After Kng Dan arrived in Xuanzhu, Anhui Prvince, he ____61____ alng a river when smething caught his attentin. There was an ld sandalwd tree (檀香树) ____62____ acrss the river. Fr years, running water kept ____63____ the bark (树皮) and turned it white. Kng Dan was s excited t see this. He wndered if the white bark culd be used fr paper.
He tried different ways t use the bark. Thrugh hard wrk, Kng Dan successfully created snw-white paper by using sandalwd bark and sme ther materials. Later, the paper became ppular and ____64____ t ther places. Mst f the ancient bks kept in China tday use Xuan paper, which shws that Xuan paper ____65____ the test f time. Thanks t Xuan paper, Chinese histry and culture can be passed dwn ver time.
Over the years, peple ____66____ the skill f making Xuan paper t make it better. Hwever, its prductin prcess is still lng, including abut 108 steps, such as saking, biling and drying. The whle prcess can take tw t three years t cmplete, and each step ____67____ great patience and skill. The traditinal handicrafts f making Xuan paper are nw being preserved and passed n by artisans in Jing Cunty, Anhui Prvince, where the craft is als being taught in lcal schls. In 2009, the skill was listed as UNESCO’s Intangible Cultural Heritage f Humanity (联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产). In the future, Xuan paper and its making skill ____68____ Chinese culture frward.
【答案】59. appeared
60. t remember
61. was walking
62. lying 63. washing
64. was intrduced
65. has std
66. have imprved
67. requires
68. will carry
【解析】
【导语】本文主要介绍了宣纸的相关内容，包括宣纸 “纸中之王” 的美誉、其柔软细腻且色泽持久的特点，“宣纸” 术语的起源，发明者孔丹创造宣纸的背景与过程，宣纸的传播历程、经受时间考验的价值，以及宣纸制作工艺的改进、传承现状（被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产）和未来对中国文化的意义。
【59题详解】
句意：“宣纸”这一术语首次出现在唐代学者张彦远所著的《历代名画记》中，书中他将宣纸描述为书法和绘画的理想载体。句子描述的是唐代（过去时期）发生的事情，“首次出现”是过去的动作，因此需用appear的过去式appeared。
【60题详解】
句意：蔡伦去世后，孔丹画了一幅画来纪念他的老师。结合语境，孔丹画画的目的是纪念老师，“t remember”是动词不定式，可作目的状语，意为“为了纪念”。
【61题详解】
句意：孔丹到达安徽省宣州后，正在河边散步时，有什么东西引起了他的注意。句子中“when smething caught his attentin”（突然有东西引起注意）是过去某一时刻发生的突发动作，前面“散步”是当时正在进行的动作，因此用walk的过去进行时was walking。
【62题详解】
句意：河对面横放着一棵古老的檀香树。句子描述的是孔丹当时看到的场景，檀香树正处于“横放”的状态，lie此处表示“横放”，作后置定语修饰“an ld sandalwd tree”，需用现在分词lying体现当时的状态。
【63题详解】
句意：多年来，流水一直冲刷着树皮，使它变成了白色。句子中“fr years”（多年来）表明流水冲刷树皮是持续发生的动作，“keep ding sth”是固定结构，意为“持续做某事”，因此需用wash的现在分词washing。
【64题详解】
句意：后来，这种纸变得流行起来，并被传入到其他地方。句子描述的是宣纸在过去的发展情况，“被传入”体现被动关系，且动作发生在过去，因此需用intrduce的一般过去时被动语态was intrduced。
【65题详解】
句意：如今中国保存的大多数古籍都使用宣纸，这表明宣纸经受住了时间的考验。句子中“mst f the ancient bks kept in China tday”（如今保存的古籍）表明，宣纸“经受时间考验”的影响从过去持续到现在，因此需用stand的现在完成时has std。
【66题详解】
句意：多年来，人们一直在改进宣纸的制作工艺，使其变得更好。句子开头的“ver the years”（多年来）是现在完成时的标志，表明“改进工艺”这一动作从过去开始，持续到现在，因此需用imprve的现在完成时have imprved。
【67题详解】
句意：整个过程可能需要两到三年才能完成，每一步都需要极大的耐心和技巧。句子描述的是宣纸制作的客观要求，是一般事实，主语“each step”（每一步）为单数，因此需用require的第三人称单数形式requires。
【68题详解】
）句意：未来，宣纸及其制作工艺将推动承载中国文化向前发展。句子开头的“in the future”（在未来）是一般将来时的标志，表明动作发生在未来，因此需用carry的一般将来时will carry。
五、阅读表达(共5小题，计10分)
阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题。
Small, sweet and a little gritty (有沙砾感的) as it melts n the tngue — in the childhd memries f many Chinese peple lies such a “sugar pill.” But it was never just a piece f candy.
The stry ges back t the 1950s. At that time, pli (小儿麻痹症) was spreading quickly acrss China. The disease was highly cntagius (传染性的) and mainly affected yung children. Many lst their lives, and thse wh survived were ften left with lifelng disabilities. Fr a time, the wrd “pli” alne was enugh t fill peple with fear.
In 1957, Gu Fangzhu (顾方舟), a 31-year-ld virlgist (病毒学家), was tasked with develping China’s wn pli vaccine. At the time, ther cuntries mainly used tw types f vaccines. The first used inactivated (灭活的) viruses. It was safer, but it was expensive and less effective. The secnd was made frm weakened live viruses. It ffered strnger prtectin and cst nly abut ne-thusandth as much. Hwever, its safety had nt been fully prven.
In the 1950s, mst Chinese families were pr. An expensive vaccine was simply ut f reach. Gu chse the secnd, riskier path. After years f hard wrk, he and his team finally prduced a live pli vaccine in 1960. Gu vlunteered t test it n himself and it turned ut t be safe. Then, t prve the vaccine’s safety fr children, he let his ne-year-ld sn get vaccinated. Gu said it wuld be unfair t ask ther families t take a risk he wuld nt take himself. Thankfully, nthing serius happened.
By the end f that year, the vaccine had been rlled ut in 11 Chinese cities. But a new prblem sn arse: The vaccine had t be kept cld t stay effective. As a result, it was difficult t send it t remte (偏远的) places. Besides, children disliked the vaccine because it tasted awful.
One day, Gu saw his sn eagerly reaching fr candy. A light bulb went ff in his mind: 4.________ He acted n the idea immediately. A year later, live pli vaccines in the frm f sugar pills were brn. They tasted better and, mre imprtantly, culd stay effective at rm temperature fr abut five days. This way, mre places culd benefit frm the vaccine.
The “sugar pills” saved millins f lives. They finally helped China get rid f pli. Gu passed away in 2019, but ur respect fr him — and sweet memries f his great inventin — will live n frever.
69. What harm culd pli cause t yung children?
_________________________________________________________________________________
70. Why did Gu Fangzhu chse t develp a live pli vaccine?
_________________________________________________________________________________
71. Why did Gu test the vaccine n himself and then his sn?
_________________________________________________________________________________
72. Cmplete the sentence with a prper idea accrding t the passage.
_________________________________________________________________________________
73. Based n Gu’s stry, what qualities d yu think ne shuld have t becme a medical scientist?
_________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】69. Many yung children/They lst their lives, and thse wh survived were ften left with lifelng disabilities.
70. (Because) it ffered strnger prtectin and cst nly abut ne-thusandth as much/much less, (which was suitable fr mst pr Chinese families at that time.)
71. Because he thught it wuld be unfair t ask ther families t take a risk he wuld nt take himself.
72. Why nt turn the vaccines int sugar-cated pills? /Why dn’t we make the vaccine a candy?/ We(I) culd make the vaccine int a sweet sugar pill s that children wuld like it and it culd be kept easier.
73. One shuld be respnsible, brave, selfless, creative and hard-wrking.
【解析】
【导语】本文讲述了病毒学家顾方舟为攻克小儿麻痹症，历经艰难研发出糖丸疫苗，无私奉献、大胆创新，最终守护千万中国儿童健康的感人故事。
【69题详解】
第二段指出：“Many lst their lives, and thse wh survived were ften left with lifelng disabilities.”，明确说明小儿麻痹症会造成儿童死亡，幸存者也会落下终身残疾。
【70题详解】
第三段指出：“The secnd was made frm weakened live viruses. It ffered strnger prtectin and cst nly abut ne-thusandth as much.”，第四段提到：“In the 1950s, mst Chinese families were pr. An expensive vaccine was simply ut f reach.”，结合可知减毒活疫苗防护更强、价格极低，适合当时贫困的国情。
【71题详解】
第四段指出：“t prve the vaccine’s safety fr children... Gu said it wuld be unfair t ask ther families t take a risk he wuld nt take himself.”，说明他为验证疫苗安全性，不愿让别人承担自己不愿承担的风险。
【72题详解】
第六段提到疫苗口感差、需要冷藏，又看到孩子喜欢糖果，由此想到把疫苗做成糖丸，兼顾口感与常温储存的需求。
【73题详解】
文中顾方舟甘愿冒险亲身试药、舍己为人、改良疫苗剂型，体现出医者需要有责任感、勇敢、无私、富有创造力并且勤奋努力。
六、书面表达(共 1 题，计 20 分)
74. 错误，亦是通往成功的阶梯。学校英文报正在开展以“Mistakes — steps twards success”为题的讨论。请你根据以下提示，并结合自身感悟，写一篇英语短文投稿。
要求：
1．语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范;
2．文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称;
3．80～100词，文章开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Mistakes are a part f life. Instead f fearing them, we shuld see them as chances t grw.
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【答案】范文：
Mistakes are a part f life. Instead f fearing them, we shuld see them as chances t grw.
Everyne may make mistakes in their studies. I nce gt pr grades because f careless mistakes and weak grammar. These mistakes let me find my wn weak pints clearly. I started t review key knwledge carefully every day and became mre patient and careful when ding exercises. I als crrected my mistakes in time and avided making the same nes again.
It is mistakes that help me change my study habits and make steady prgress. Mistakes are simple but imprtant steps twards success. We shuld face them bravely and learn frm them.
【解析】
【详解】写作步骤
第一步：审题立意
确定文体：议论文（结合自身经历，表达观点），以一般现在时为主，回忆经历用一般过去时。
明确要点：① 承认错误是生活的一部分，不应害怕；② 结合自身经历，说明错误带来的启发；③ 总结错误对成功的意义，呼吁勇敢面对错误。
确定人称：第一人称（I/my），贴合自身感悟的要求。
注意事项：不得出现真实姓名和学校名称，词数控制在80～100词，开头已给出不计入总词数，语言通顺、条理清晰。
第二步：构思布局
开头段：沿用题目给出的句子，总起全文，点明核心观点——错误是成长的机会，不应该害怕。
主体段：结合自身学习或生活中的具体错误案例，说明错误如何帮助自己发现问题、改正不足，体现“错误是阶梯”的内涵。
结尾段：总结观点，升华主题，强调错误不是失败，而是通往成功的重要步骤，呼吁大家勇敢面对、从中学习。
第三步：要点展开
要点一：错误的普遍性（铺垫）
表述参考：Everyne may make mistakes in studies and life.（简单易懂，贴合校园场景）
要点二：自身经历（核心）
错误案例：考试失利（如math test/English exam），原因可写粗心（careless mistakes）、知识掌握不牢固（didn’t master key knwledge）等。
改正过程：请教老师（ask teacher fr help）、整理错题（keep a mistake ntebk）、认真复习（review lessns carefully）。
要点三：错误的意义（升华）
核心表达：Mistakes are nt failures but valuable steps twards success.（点明主题）
延伸：错误教会我们教训（teach us lessns）、让我们更强大（make us strnger），勇敢面对就能实现目标（achieve ur gals）。
____16____ Anna
____17____ Ben
____18____ Cindy
A. always thinks twice befre spending mney
B. is a scial persn wh gets n well with everyne
C. is a very rganized persn wh keeps her life in rder
Shpping festival
lwer price, free gifts n ____19____ evening; Plice: be careful n busy streets
New bus line
between east statin and the ____20____ t start next Mnday
Schl Garden prjects
ppular in lcal schls; a reprt says: students grw vegetables and ____21____
The lcal ____22____
a special shw abut ld tys this Saturday
Kids’ ftball match
be held fr kids under ____23____ this Saturday
Sign Up and Jin Us
At Yuth Art Exchange (YAE), we ffer a variety f special prgrams fr teenagers. Whether yu’re interested in architecture (建筑设计) r music prductin, we have smething fr yu!
Our prgrams are held at tw cnvenient lcatins, 150 Missin St. and 330 San Jse Ave. Bth lcatins prvide welcming spaces where yung artists can explre, learn and grw. Classes are ffered after schl and n weekends, s yu wn’t have t miss any f yur regular schlwrk.
WHAT DOES YAE OFFER?
●Animatin: Explre the wrld f animatin and learn hw t tell stries thrugh mving pictures.
●Architecture: Discver hw smart design wrks and build yur wn architectural mdels.
●Music prductin: Create, recrd and mix yur wn music.
●Mural arts (壁画艺术): Wrk n large murals t make public spaces feel different.
●Fashin design: Bring yur fashin ideas t life thrugh hands-n prjects.
We prvide students with high-quality instructin. Each class is taught by prfessinal artists wh are eager t share their skills and experience.
We believe that everyne shuld have the chance t study art. That’s why ur prgrams are free fr all San Francisc teenagers. Students frm all backgrunds are welcme.
WHY SHOULD YOU CHOOSE YAE?
●Our prgrams help yu develp nt nly artistic skills but als thinking skills.
●Yu’ll wrk n prjects with ther like-minded (志趣相投的) teenagers and build a strng sense f cmmunity.
●Whether yu’re designing fashin r creating music, yu’re encuraged t express yurself freely. Over time, yur cnfidence will grw alng with yur skills.
●We’ll intrduce yu t different careers in the arts, helping yu gain a clearer picture f pssible future paths.
HOW CAN YOU SIGN UP?
It’s easy! All San Francisc teenagers are welcme t apply. Just scan the QR cde (二维码) belw. If yu have any questins, please call us at (415) 454-873.
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