所属成套资源:2025-2026学年全国各省市县区八年级(上)期末英语试卷真题合集(含详细答案解析)
2025-2026学年天津市河东区八年级(上)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)
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这是一份2025-2026学年天津市河东区八年级(上)期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析),共21页。试卷主要包含了补全对话-选择,单选题,完形填空,阅读理解,任务型阅读-多任务混合,首字母短文填空,完成句子,书面表达等内容,欢迎下载使用。
A:Hi,Li Ta.I've gt gd news fr yu.
B:(1)______ ?
A:I hear sme freigners will cme t ur English class.
B:Really?(2)______ ?
A:Tmrrw mrning.
B:(3)______ ?
A:Italy.They'll give us a talk after class.
B:That's great.(4)______ ?
A:They are ging t talk abut the schls in Italy.
B:Gd.Shall we g t the library t read smething abut Italy?
A:(5)______ .
1.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
2.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
3.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
4.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
5.A. AB. BC. CD. DE. EF. FG. G
二、单选题:本大题共15小题,共15分。
6.It ______me a lt f time t mve the bags t my rm.( )
A. spentB. cstC. paidD. tk
7.Tm came t China ______ Chinese culture.( )
A. learningB. t learnC. learnsD. learned
8.My sister is t yung t ______ herself.( )
A. lk upB. lk frC. lk afterD. lk dwn
9.—Have yu finished yur hmewrk?
—N,I haven't dne it ______.( )
A. everB. yetC. alreadyD. never
10.D yu have any prblems in getting alng ______thers?( )
A. withB. fC. tD. away
11.______ can bring new ideas and discveries.( )
A. PwerB. InventinC. StrmD. Curisity
12.I was s ______ that I didn't d any husewrk last night.( )
A. prudB. tiredC. livelyD. successful
13.Tm was ______ abut the date,d he called Mary fr exact time.( )
A. unableB. uncmfrtableC. unusualD. uncertain
14.My friend arrived while I ______ my mther in the kitchen.( )
A. are helpingB. were helpingC. was helpingD. will help
15.I ______ Beijing many times s far.( )
A. have been tB. have gne tC. has arrivedD. will get t
16.G and tell the by _____ with fire. It's t dangerus.( )
A. dn't playB. nt playC. nt t playD. nt playing
17.Frank,clse the dr ______. Yur grandmther is sleeping at the mment.( )
A. easilyB. quietlyC. carelesslyD. clearly
18.Almst every university allws the students ______ the infrmatin n website at schl.( )
A. lk thrughB. lked thrughC. t lk thrughD. lking thrugh
19.The prblem is difficult but Tim has ______ ding sme research first.( )
A. suggestedB. plannedC. finishedD. decided
20.—Wuld yu like t g t Shanghai Disneyland?
—______I'm sure I'll have fun with my friends there.( )
A. It desn't matter.B. Guess what?
C. I'm afraid nt.D. Sunds great.
三、完形填空:本大题共10小题,共10分。
A by was at a market with his little sister.The sister was standing in frnt f a ty shp.She was(21)smething inside the shp's windw.The by asked,"Which ne d yu want?"The sister pinted at a dll.The by wanted t buy it fr his sister s he asked the shpkeeper(店主),"(22)is this dll?"The shpkeeper lked at the by and said,"Well,what can yu(23)?"The by tk ut all the seashells(贝壳) that he cllected frm the beach and gave them t the shpkeeper.The shpkeeper tk the shells and started cunting as if he were cunting(24).Then he turned t the by.The by asked him,"Is it(25)?The shpkeeper said,"Of curse."He kept fur f the seashells and(26)the rest(剩余的).The by left with his sister and her new dll happily.The wrker in the shp was(27).He asked the shpkeeper,"Why did yu d that?"
That dll is expensive(贵的)(28) yu nly tk fur seashells frm that by."The shpkeeper replied,"T us,these are(29)seashells.But t that by,they're very precius(珍贵的).When he grws up,he'll(30)that he nce bught a dll fr his sister with seashells.It might tell him that the wrld has generus(慷慨的) and kind peple.And perhaps,he will be generus and kind t thers,t.He wn't be selfish!"
21.A. making upB. lking atC. lking utD. taking ver
22.A. Hw lngB. Hw muchC. Hw manyD. Hw ften
23.A. payB. sellC. changeD. buy
24.A. paperB. daysC. dllsD. mney
25.A. beautifulB. funC. enughD. brken
26.A. picked upB. put upC. gave backD. called back
27.A. surprisedB. happyC. angryD. scared
28.A. asB. sC. rD. but
29.A. stillB. justC. nceD. smetimes
30.A. regretB. frgetC. findD. remember
四、阅读理解:本大题共15小题,共15分。
A
Lu Ban was ne f the mst famus inventrs in ancient China.He lived mre than 2,000 years ag,during the Spring and Autumn perid.Knwn as a highly skilled carpenter(木匠),he created a number f tls that greatly helped peple's life and wrk.
Many imprtant tls we still use tday were invented by Lu Ban,such as the saw(锯),the drill(钻头),and the shvel(铲子).There is an interesting legend(传说) abut hw he gt the idea fr the saw.One day,when he was wrking in the frest,his finger was cut by a sharp blade f grass.He lked clsely and fund the grass had tiny,sharp teeth.Inspired(启发) by this,Lu Ban designed a tl with similar teeth t cut wd easily—that was the first saw in histry.
Besides these tls,Lu Ban als made amazing creatins.He invented a"wden bird" that culd fly fr three days withut landing.Thanks t his great cntributins,Lu Ban is still respected and remembered tday as the"master f all carpenters"in China.
31.When did Lu Ban live? ______
A. Over 1,000 years ag.B. In the Tang Dynasty.
C. Over 2,000 years ag.D. In mdern times.
32.What was Lu Ban famus as? ______
A. A great writer.B. A skilled carpenter and inventr.
C. A famus king.D. A ppular painter.
33.Hw did Lu Ban get the idea fr the saw? ______
A. He fund a bird flying.
B. His father taught him.
C. He gt a tl frm ther cuntries.
D. He fund a sharp blade f grass.
34.What culd Lu Ban's "wden bird" d? ______
A. Sing beautiful sngs.
B. Carry heavy things.
C. Fly fr three days withut stpping.
D. Help cut wd.
35.Why is Lu Ban still remembered tday? ______
A. Because f his great inventins.B. Because f the flying birds.
C. Because he is a famus painter.D. Because he is an ld writer.
B
In the past,when peple had prblems,they went t their families r friends t get advice.Tday,it is pssible t get advice frm radi shws,TV prgrams and telephne ht lines,t.A ht line is a telephne line that ffers a direct way f getting in tuch with advisers.Mst ht lines are cmpletely private that callers d nt have t give their names r telephne numbers.Mst ht lines are usually free,t.Callers d nt have t pay fr the advice r the phne calls.At sme ht lines,the advisers are vlunteers(志愿者).Sme ht lines pay their advisers fr their wrk.Usually the advisers are prfessinals(专业人士),with years f educatin and experience,but smetimes,the advisers have nly taken a shrt class befre starting t wrk n the ht line.All the advisers listen t peple and help them settle their prblems.
36.A ht line is a telephne line ______ .
A. that is htB. whse number n ne knws
C. fr peple t get adviceD. fr callers t take a shrt class
37.When peple call the ht line advisers,they ______ .
A. ften give their names and telephne numbers
B. have t pay fr the calls
C. always take a shrt class
D. usually pay nthing fr the calls and advice
38.The advisers wrking at ht lines ______ .
A. are nt all paid
B. are all vlunteers
C. have been trained fr a shrt time
D. are all well educated and experienced
39.Hw d the ht line advisers wrk? ______
A. They give the callers advice.
B. They teach the callers.
C. They g t the callers t help them.
D. They d what the callers tell them t d.
40.The passage mainly tells us that ______ .
A. with ht lines peple wn't get advice frm their families r friends
B. ht lines are f great help t callers
C. peple had better pay fr the advice and calls
D. the ht line advisers will settle all f the caller's prblems
C
Self-driving cars dn't need peple t drive them. They can "see" the rad by themselves. Have yu wndered hw that wrks?
A schl in Jiangsu prvince has an answer. It even lets students make their wn self-driving cars!The Suzhu Science and Technlgy Twn Freign Language Schl has a special lab. Students g there fr their smart transprtatin(交通) class. In the class, they lk at car mdels carefully. "This helps students better understand the different car parts," said IT teacher Gu Shuang.
After that, students learn t cde(编程). They write prgrams t make their cars mve and d different tasks. The class is very fun. "Our teacher always lets us learn by ding, "said 15-year-ld Zhang Xiaxi. "Each step makes me prud f what I can d."
But it's nt always easy t make the cars run well. Smetimes, they get"lst". In ne class, students tried t make their cars fllw a white line. "Smetimes the sensr(传感器) wasn't sensitive(灵敏的) enugh fr the car t turn in time. Other times, it was t sensitive and the car mved left and right, "said 14-year-ld Xue Hngsheng," But I felt very prud when I finally made it wrk. "
41.What d students d first in the smart transprtatin class?______
A. Learn t cde.B. Study car mdels.
C. Drive real cars.D. Fix the sensrs.
42.In the passage,smetimes the cars get "lst".This prbably means the cars ______ .
A. are stlenB. becme very dirty
C. g t fastD. cannt find the way
43.Frm Xue Hngsheng's stry,we can learn that ______ .
A. making the cars wrk is always easy
B. the teacher will d it fr yu
C. yu need t try many times t succeed
D. the sensr never has prblems
44.Why des Zhang Xiaxi like the class?______
A. Because there is n hmewrk.
B. Because the teacher lets them learn by ding.
C. Because they can play games all day.
D. Because the cars always wrk perfectly.
45.What is the main idea f this passage?______
A. A fun class fr students t make self-driving cars.
B. Self-driving cars are better than ur cmmn cars.
C. Learning t cde is the mst imprtant subject fr students.
D. Students in Jiangsu prvince are very gd at driving cars.
五、任务型阅读-多任务混合:本大题共1小题,共5分。
46.Hell,bys and girls.Here are the basic rules yu need t knw t stay safe nline.
Keep persnal infrmatin private.
Avid psting persnal infrmatin nline.This includes yur full name,phne number,address,ID r passprt number.Smetimes yu may have t pst this infrmatin.Hwever,limit wh sees it Only peple yu knw shuld see yur infrmatin.
Be passwrd smart!
T prtect yur nline accunts,it's imprtant t use a"strng and lng"passwrd.Dn't use wrds that are easy t guess,like yur birthday.Change it ften and dn't be careless.
Be aware f strangers.
Never meet nline strangers in real life.They may cheat yu.Only spend time nline with trusted friends.
Be careful with yur psts.
Wh reads ur scial media psts?We never knw.Think carefully befre psting smething nline.Wrds smetimes hurt peple and yu can make enemies.Remember that behaving badly nline has csts.
Ask fr help.
Peple smetimes say bad things t ther peple nline.This is cyberbullying.If yu find yurself in ht water,dn't answer any bad messages.Yu shuld turn t yur parents r teachers fr help.Yu dn't have t face yur prblems alne!
(1) Yu shuld avid ______ persnal infrmatin nline and keep it private.
(2) Dn't be ______ t yur passwrd.It's imprtant t use a"strng and lng"ne.
(3) Never meet ______ in real life.They may cheat yu.
(4) Think carefully ______ yu pst smething nline.
(5) If yu find yurself in ht water,ask ______ r teachers fr help.
六、首字母短文填空:本大题共1小题,共10分。
47.Yu may think that English dictinaries have been used fr many,many centuries.In fact,an English dictinary yu use tday wasn't made until the Qing Dynasty.The (1)l ______ dictinary in the wrld is Oxfrd English dictinary.It has the mst wrds.The (2)i ______ fr this dictinary came frm an imprtant meeting in Britain in 1857.Abut twenty-tw years later,Oxfrd University (3)a ______ James Murray t be the editr(编者) f its new dictinary.
James Murray had (4)n ______ been t cllege.At the age f furteen,he left his village schl in Sctland and (5)t ______ himself while wrking in a bank.Later he became a great teacher.After Oxfrd gave him the (6)j ______ ,every mrning,he gt (7) ______ f bed at five 'clck and wrked in a small huse several hurs befre breakfast.Often he wuld wrk int the night.At first he(8)h ______ t finish the new dictinary in ten years.But after five years,he was still adding wrds fr the letter"A"!He wrked n the dictinary until he was very (9) ______ .Frty-fur years (10)I ______ ,in 1928,ther editrs finished the dictinary.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
七、完成句子:本大题共5小题,共10分。
48.他已经放弃了今天去博物馆参观的打算。
He has n visiting the museum tday.
49.明早6点请叫醒我。
Please me at six tmrrw mrning.
50.我昨天没有待在家里,而是去了电影院。
I went t the cinema staying at hme yesterday.
51.他决定坚持他的第一计划。
He decided t his first plan.
52.他善良,聪明,最重要的是,他是个诚实的孩子。
He is kind and clever,and ,he is an hnest by.
八、书面表达:本大题共1小题,共10分。
53.假如你是李华,你们班要开展一次关于与朋友相处的英语故事会,请根据下面的提示信息写一个发言稿,介绍你与好朋友张文之间的故事。
(1)你们自从七年级就是好朋友了。
(2)你们在一起已经分享了许多快乐的时光。
(3)几天前,因为一件小事意见不一致而争论,结果很久没有说话了。
(4)你认为最好的解决问题的办法是……
要求:
(1)词数60-80 词,开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
(2)行文连贯,可以适当发挥。
Hell,everyne.I wuld like t tell a stry between______
That's all.Thank yu.
答案和解析
1~5.【答案】B、G、F、C、A
【解析】( 1)根据上文I've gt gd news fr yu.(我有个好消息要告诉你。)可知,结合所给选项,B选项"它是什么?"符合语境,故选B。
( 2)根据下文Tmrrw mrning.(明天早上。)可知,此处是询问时间,结合所给选项,G选项"他们什么时候来?"符合语境,故选G。
( 3)根据下文Italy.(意大利。)可知,此处是询问来自哪儿,结合所给选项,F选项"他们来自哪里?"符合语境,故选F。
( 4)根据下文They are ging t talk abut the schls in Italy.(他们要谈论意大利的学校。)可知,此处是询问谈论什么,结合所给选项,C选项"他们打算谈什么?"符合语境,故选C。
( 5)根据上文Shall we g t the library t read smething abut Italy?(我们要去图书馆读点关于意大利的书吗?)可知,此处是对该问句的回答,结合所给选项,A选项"好主意!"符合语境,故选A。
这是一则有关A和B在谈论明天早上外国朋友来英语课上的事情的对话。
本题考查补全对话,根据上下文语境推测选择合适的问题和答语,注意汉语意思以及一些常用问题的回答术语。
6.【答案】D
【解析】spent花费,主语是人;cst花费,主语是物;paid支付;tk花费,主语是it;根据 a lt f time t mve the bags t my rm.(把袋子搬到我的房间我很多时间。)可知,本句为It tk sb time t d sth固定句型,意为"做某事花费某人时间"。
故选:D。
把袋子搬到我的房间花了我很多时间。
做这类题,要注意分析题干信息,并结合语境答题。
7.【答案】B
【解析】learn学习,动词。选项A是动词ing形式;选项B是动词不定式;选项C是第三人称单数形式;选项D是过去式或过去分词。根据分析可知汤姆来中国的目的是学习中国文化,因此此处应是动词不定式作目的状语。
故选:B。
汤姆来到中国是为了学习中国文化。
本题考查动词不定式作目的状语。
8.【答案】C
【解析】lk up查阅;lk fr寻找;lk after照顾;lk dwn俯视,都是动词短语。根据前面句意"我妹妹太小了"和选项提示可知,后面句意为"还不能照顾自己",要选"照顾",其它选项语意不通。
故选:C。
我妹妹太小了,还不能照顾自己。
考查动词短语,要牢记动词短语的词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
9.【答案】B
【解析】A.ever(曾经)通常用于疑问句或否定句,但此处需表达"未完成"的状态,不适用。B.yet(尚未,还未)用于否定句或疑问句。C.already(已经)用于肯定句,与"N"矛盾。D.never(从不)强调从未发生,不符合"尚未完成"的临时状态。根据I haven't dne it(我还没做)这是一个否定句,所以要用yet来填空。
故选:B。
—你完成作业了吗?
—没有,我还没做。
首先要掌握副词的意思以及用法,然后根据具体的题目,就可以做出正确答案。
10.【答案】A
【解析】with和;f的;t到;away离开;get alng with sb/sth为固定搭配,意为"和某人/某物相处"。
故选:A。
你和他人相处有什么困难吗?
做这类题,要注意分析题干信息,并结合语境答题。
11.【答案】D
【解析】Pwer能量;Inventin发明;Strm暴风雨;Curisity好奇心。根据 bring new ideas and discveries.(带来新的想法和发现。)可知,好奇心能带来新的想法和发现。
故选:D。
好奇心能带来新的想法和发现。
首先要掌握名词的意思以及用法,然后根据具体的题目,就可以做正确答案。
12.【答案】B
【解析】prud自豪的;tired疲劳的;lively可爱的;successful成功的。根据I didn't d any husewrk last night.(所以没做任何家务。)可知,我昨晚太累了,所以没做任何家务。
故选:B。
我昨晚太累了,所以没做任何家务。
首先要掌握形容词的意思以及用法,然后根据具体的题目,就可以做正确答案。
13.【答案】D
【解析】unable不能;uncmfrtable不舒服;unusual不寻常;uncertain不确定。根据d he called Mary fr exact time.(所以他打电话给玛丽询问确切的时间。)可知,汤姆对那个日期不确定,所以他打电话给玛丽询问确切的时间。
故选:D。
汤姆对那个日期不确定,所以他打电话给玛丽询问确切的时间。
首先要掌握形容词的意思以及用法,然后根据具体的题目,就可以做正确答案。
14.【答案】C
【解析】help帮助,动词。选项A是现在进行时;选项B是过去进行时;选项C是过去进行时(单数形式);选项D是一般将来时。根据观察可知题干是复合句,含有while引导的时间状语从句。主句使用的是一般过去时,根据句意可知从句应使用过去进行时,表示在过去某时,当一个动作正在进行时,另一个动作发生了,主语是I,因此谓语动词用was helping。
故选:C。
我的朋友来的时候,我正在厨房帮妈妈的忙。
本题考查过去进行时的基本用法。
15.【答案】A
【解析】have/has been t表示曾经去过某地,人已回来;have/has gne t表示去了某地,人没回来;arrive到达;get t到达。根据many times(很多次)可知强调曾经去过北京很多次。
故选:A。
到目前为止,我已经去过北京很多次了。
熟悉现在完成时的用法,结合题意,给出答案。
16.【答案】C
【解析】tell sb nt t d sth"告诉某人不要做某事"固定搭配。这里填nt t play"不要玩"。
故选:C。
去告诉那个男孩不要玩火。太危险了。
掌握固定搭配tell sb nt t d sth"告诉某人不要做某事",选择正确答案。
17.【答案】B
【解析】句意:弗兰克,把门安静地关上。你祖母这会儿正在睡觉。A.easily容易地;B.quietly安静地;C.carelessly粗心地;D.clearly清晰地。根据Yur grandmther is sleeping at the mment.(你祖母这会儿正在睡觉。)可知,此处是把门安静地关上。 故选:B。
18.【答案】C
【解析】lk thrugh浏览。选项A是动词原形;选项B是过去式或过去分词;选项C是动词不定式;选项D是动词的ing形式。根据观察可知题干中使用了allw sb t d sth短语,意思是"允许某人做某事",动词不定式作宾语补足语。
故选:C。
几乎所有的大学都允许学生在学校网站上浏览信息。
本题考查动词不定式作宾语补足语。
19.【答案】C
【解析】suggested建议;planned计划;finished完成;decided决定;suggest ding sth为固定搭配,意为"建议做某事",plan t d sth为固定搭配,意为"计划做某事",finish ding sth为固定搭配,意为"完成做某事";decide t d sth为固定搭配,意为"决定做某事",空格部分ding为动名词,排除B、D项;再结合The prblem is difficult but Tim sme research first.(这个问题很难,但蒂姆已经一些初步研究。)可知,此处指已经完成了一些初步研究,因此选finished符合题意。
故选:C。
这个问题很难,但蒂姆已经完成了一些初步研究。
做这类题,要注意分析题干信息,并结合语境答题。
20.【答案】D
【解析】It desn't matter.没关系。Guess what?你猜怎么着?I'm afraid nt.恐怕不能。Sunds great.听起来很棒。根据Wuld yu like t g t Shanghai Disneyland?(你想去上海迪士尼乐园吗?)和I'm sure I'll have fun with my friends there.(我确信我和朋友们在那里会玩得很开心。)可知,此处是说"听起来很棒。"
故选:D。
—你想去上海迪士尼乐园吗?
—听起来很棒。我确信我和朋友们在那里会玩得很开心。
考查情景交际,应牢记其含义和用法,结合语境答题。
21~30.【答案】B、B、A、D、C、C、A、D、B、D
【解析】( 1)考查固定短语。句意:她正在看商店橱窗里的什么东西。A.组成;B.看;C.向外看;D.接管。根据The sister pinted at a dll.(妹妹指着一个洋娃娃。)可知,妹妹正在看商店橱窗里的什么东西.故选B。
( 2)考查固定短语。句意:这个洋娃娃多少钱?A.多长时间;B.多少钱;C.多少;D.多久一次。根据上文The by wanted t buy it fr his sister (这个男孩想买下它给他的妹妹)可知,这个男孩想买洋娃娃,所以此处他应该在问店主洋娃娃多少钱。故选B。
( 3)考查动词。句意:好吧,你能付多少钱?A.支付;B.卖;C.改变;D.买。根据上文"Hw much is this dll?"(这个洋娃娃多少钱?)可知,此处店主应该在问男孩能支付多少钱。故选A。
( 4)考查名词。句意:店主接过贝壳,开始数起来,就像数钱一样。A.纸;B.日子;C.洋娃娃;D.钱。根据The by tk ut all the seashells(贝壳) that he cllected frm the beach and gave them t the shpkeeper.(男孩拿出他从海滩上收集的所有贝壳,把它们给了店主。)可知,店主在数男孩收集的贝壳,就像数钱一样。故选D。
( 5)考查形容词。句意:够了吗?A.漂亮的;B.有趣的;C.足够的;D.破碎的。根据上文The shpkeeper tk the shells and started cunting as if he were cunting mney.(店主接过贝壳,开始数起来,就像数钱一样。)可知,男孩应该在问店主够不够买洋娃娃。故选C。
( 6)考查动词短语。句意:他留下了四个贝壳,把其余的还给了男孩。A.捡起;B.张贴;C.归还;D.回电话。根据上文mney(店主留下了四个贝壳)可知,店主留下了四个贝壳,其余的还给了男孩。故选C。
( 7)考查形容词。句意:店里的工人很惊讶。A.惊讶的;B.高兴的;C.生气的;D.害怕的。根据Why did yu d that?(你为什么那样做?)可知,店里的工人应该感到很惊讶。故选A。
( 8)考查连词。句意:那个洋娃娃很贵,但你只拿了四个贝壳。A.作为;B.所以;C.或者;D.但是。根据句意可知,前后是转折关系,用but连接。故选D。
( 9)考查副词。句意:对我们来说,这些只是贝壳。A.仍然;B.只是;C.一次;D.有时。根据But t that by,they're very precius(珍贵的).(但对那个男孩来说,它们很珍贵。)可知,店主认为对于那个男孩来说,那些贝壳很珍贵,但是对于他们来说,那些贝壳只是贝壳。故选B。
( 10)考查动词。句意:当他长大后,他会记得他曾经用贝壳给妹妹买过一个洋娃娃。A.后悔;B.忘记;C.发现;D.记得。根据he nce bught a dll fr his sister with seashells.(他曾经用贝壳给妹妹买过一个洋娃娃。)可知,店主认为男孩长大后,会记得曾经用贝壳给妹妹买过一个洋娃娃。故选D。
短文讲述了一个男孩用自己收集的贝壳为妹妹购买玩具娃娃的故事。
首先通读全文,了解文章大意,紧紧抓住上下文语境所提供的信息,然后明确词意,结合所学语法,运用排除法逐一选出答案,最后再通读全文核对答案。
31~35.【答案】C、B、D、C、A
【解析】( 1)细节理解题。根据第1段He lived mre than 2,000 years ag,during the Spring and Autumn perid.(他生活在2000多年前的春秋时期。)可知,鲁班出生在2000多年前。故选C。
( 2)细节理解题。根据第1段Lu Ban was ne f the mst famus inventrs in ancient China.(鲁班是中国古代最著名的发明家之一。)和Knwn as a highly skilled carpenter(木匠)(作为一名技艺高超的木匠)可知,鲁班作为一名技艺高超的木匠和发明家而出名。故选B。
( 3)细节理解题。根据第二段One day,when he was wrking in the frest,his finger was cut by a sharp blade f grass.He lked clsely and fund the grass had tiny,sharp teeth.Inspired(启发) by this,Lu Ban designed a tl with similar teeth (一天,当他在森林里工作时,他的手指被一片锋利的草叶割破了。他仔细看了看,发现草有细小而锋利的牙齿。受此启发,鲁班设计了一种具有类似齿的工具)可知,鲁班发现了一片锋利的草叶而想到制作锯子。故选D。
( 4)细节理解题。根据第三段He invented a"wden bird" that culd fly fr three days withut landing.(他发明了一种"木鸟",可以飞行三天而不着陆。)可知,鲁班的"木鸟"能连续飞行三天不停。故选C。
( 5)细节理解题。根据第三段Thanks t his great cntributins,Lu Ban is still respected and remembered tday as the"master f all carpenters"in China.(由于他的巨大贡献,鲁班至今仍被尊为中国"木匠大师"。)可知,今天人们还记得鲁班是因为他的伟大发明。故选A。
本文主要介绍了中国古代著名发明家鲁班的事迹。
在通读全文的基础上,根据全文大意,展开逻辑思维,瞻前顾后,认真辨析选项,仔细推敲,确定最佳答案。
36~40.【答案】C、D、A、A、B
【解析】( 1)细节理解题。根据In the past,when peple had prblems,they went t their families r friends t get advice.Tday,it is pssible t get advice frm radi shws,TV prgrams and telephne ht lines,t.(过去,当人们遇到问题时,他们会去家人或朋友那里寻求建议。今天,也可以从广播节目、电视节目和电话热线中获得建议。)可知,热线是人们获得建议的电话线路。故选C。
( 2)细节理解题。根据Mst ht lines are usually free,t.Callers d nt have t pay fr the advice r the phne calls.(大多数热线通常也是免费的。打电话的人不必为建议或电话付费。)可知,通常不为电话和建议付费。故选D。
( 3)细节理解题。根据At sme ht lines,the advisers are vlunteers(志愿者).Sme ht lines pay their advisers fr their wrk.(在一些热线,接线员是志愿者。一些热线为他们的接线员的工作支付报酬。)可知,在热线工作的接线员并不都是有报酬的。故选A。
( 4)细节理解题。根据All the advisers listen t peple and help them settle their prblems.(所有的接线员都倾听人们的意见,并帮助他们解决问题。)可知,他们给打电话的人提供建议。故选A。
( 5)细节理解题。通读全文,尤其根据In the past,when peple had prblems,they went t their families r friends t get advice.Tday,it is pssible t get advice frm radi shws,TV prgrams and telephne ht lines,t.(过去,当人们遇到问题时,他们会去家人或朋友那里寻求建议。今天,也可以从广播节目、电视节目和电话热线中获得建议。)和All the advisers listen t peple and help them settle their prblems.(所有的接线员都倾听人们的意见,并帮助他们解决问题。)可知,文章主要告诉我们热线对打电话的人很有帮助。故选B。
短文主要讲述了人们获取建议方式的变化:过去依赖亲友,如今可通过广播、电视节目和热线电话等渠道获得帮助。热线电话提供匿名免费服务,咨询者无需透露个人信息或支付费用。接线员既有志愿者也有专业人士,部分仅接受过短期培训,但均以倾听和协助解决问题为核心功能。
通读全文,理解文章大意,阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容,仔细核对,选择符合原文原意的答案,完成后再次阅读并检查。
41~45.【答案】B、D、C、B、A
【解析】略
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段In the class,they lk at car mdels carefully.(在课堂上,他们仔细观察汽车模型。)可知学生们在智能交通课上首先研究汽车模型。故选B。
2. 词义猜测题。根据第四段In ne class,students tried t make their cars fllw a white line."Smetimes the sensr wasn't sensitive enugh fr the car t turn in time..."(在一堂课上,学生们试图让他们的车沿着白线行驶。"有时传感器不够灵敏,汽车无法及时转弯……")可知汽车无法按指令行驶,由此推知"get lst"指汽车找不到路。故选D。
3. 推理判断题。根据第四段薛洪升描述制作自动驾驶汽车时传感器出现的各种问题,以及"But I felt very prud when I finally made it wrk."(但当我最终让它正常工作时,我感到非常自豪。)可推知,要想成功需要多次尝试。故选C。
4. 细节理解题。根据第三段"Our teacher always lets us learn by ding,"said 15-year-ld Zhang Xiaxi.(15岁的张晓曦说:"我们的老师总是让我们在实践中学习。")可知张晓曦喜欢这门课是因为老师让他们在实践中学习。故选B。
5. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍了江苏一所学校开设的智能交通课,学生们在这门有趣的课上制作属于自己的自动驾驶汽车,了解汽车部件、学习编程并尝试解决制作中出现的问题。故选A。
46.【答案】【小题1】psting
【小题2】careless
【小题3】nline strangers
【小题4】befre
【小题5】yur parents
【解析】(1)细节理解题。根据第二段"Avid psting persnal infrmatin nline.This includes yur full name,phne number,address,ID r passprt number.Smetimes yu may have t pst this infrmatin.Hwever,limit wh sees it.Only peple yu knw shuld see yur infrmatin."(避免在网上发布个人信息。这包括你的全名、电话号码、地址、身份证或护照号码。有时你可能必须发布这些信息。但是,要限制谁能看到它。只有你认识的人才能看到你的信息。)可知,应该避免在网上发布个人信息并保持其私密性,故填psting。
(2)细节理解题。根据第三段"T prtect yur nline accunts,it's imprtant t use a 'strng and lng' passwrd.Dn't use wrds that are easy t guess,like yur birthday.Change it ften and dn't be careless."(为了保护你的在线账户,使用一个"强而长"的密码是很重要的。不要使用容易猜到的词,比如你的生日。经常更换密码,不要粗心大意。)可知,不要对密码粗心大意,使用一个"强而长"的密码是很重要的,故填careless。
(3)细节理解题。根据第四段"Never meet nline strangers in real life.They may cheat yu."(永远不要在现实生活中与网上陌生人见面。他们可能会欺骗你。)可知,永远不要在现实生活中与网上陌生人见面,他们可能会欺骗你,故填nline strangers。
(4)细节理解题。根据第五段"Wh reads ur scial media psts?We never knw.Think carefully befre psting smething nline."(谁会读我们的社交媒体帖子?我们永远不知道。在网上发布东西之前要仔细考虑。)可知,在网上发布东西之前要仔细考虑,故填befre。
(5)细节理解题。根据最后一段"If yu find yurself in ht water,dn't answer any bad messages.Yu shuld turn t yur parents r teachers fr help."(如果你发现自己陷入困境,不要回复任何坏消息。你应该向你的父母或老师寻求帮助。)可知,如果你发现自己陷入困境,向你的父母或老师寻求帮助,故填yur parents。
本文主要介绍了在网上保持安全需要知道的基本规则,包括保护个人信息、使用强密码、警惕陌生人、谨慎发布帖子以及在遇到问题时寻求帮助等。
答阅读题时,先弄清楚短文的主旨大意和文章的脉络,然后在文章中找到对应的信息,再和选项作对比,得出正确答案。
47.【答案】【小题1】
argest
【小题2】
dea
【小题3】
sked
【小题4】
ever
【小题5】
aught
【小题6】
b
【小题7】
ut
【小题8】
ped
【小题9】
ld
【小题10】
ater
【解析】(1)考查形容词的最高级。句意:世界上最大的词典是牛津英语词典。根据lt has the mst wrds.(它有最多的单词。)可知,此处是说"世界上最大的字典是牛津英语词典。"largest最大的,是形容词的最高级,修饰名词dictinary(词典)。故填largest。
(2)考查名词。句意:这本字典的想法来自1857年在英国举行的一次重要会议。"idea想法,创意,是可数名词,作主语。故填idea。
(3)考查动词。句意:大约22年后,牛津大学请詹姆斯。默里担任新词典的编辑。ask sb.t d sth.请某人做某事,是固定句型。用一般过去时,所以动词用过去式asked。故填asked。
(4)考查副词。句意:詹姆斯•默里从未上过大学。根据At the age f furteen,he left his village schl in Sctland and…himself while wrking in a bank.(十四岁时,他离开了苏格兰的乡村学校,在一家银行工作时……成才。)可知,此处是说"詹姆斯•默里从未上过大学。"never从未,是副词。故填never。
(5)考查动词。句意:十四岁时,他离开了苏格兰的乡村学校,在银行工作时自学。teach neself自学,是固定短语。是一般过去时,动词用过去式taught。故填taught。
(6)考查名词。句意:牛津大学给他这份工作后,他每天早上五点起床,在早餐前几个小时在一所小房子里工作。根据Abut twenty-tw years later,Oxfrd University…James Murray t be the editr f its new dictinary.(大约22年后,牛津大学……詹姆斯•默里担任新词典的编辑。)可知,此处是说"牛津大学给他这份工作后,他每天早上五点起床,在早餐前几个小时在一所小房子里工作。"jb工作,是可数名词,此处用单数名词。故填jb。
(7)考查副词。句意:牛津大学给他这份工作后,他每天早上五点起床,在早餐前几个小时在一所小房子里工作。根据After Oxfrd gave him the jb(在牛津大学给了他这份工作后)可知,此处是说"牛津大学给他这份工作后,他每天早上五点起床,在早餐前几个小时在一所小房子里工作。"get ut f bed起床,是固定搭配。故填ut。
(8)考查动词。句意:起初,他希望在十年内完成这本新词典。根据But after five years,he was still adding wrds fr the letter"A"!(但五年后,他仍在为字母"A"添加单词!)可知,此处是说"起初,他希望在十年内完成这本新词典。"hpe希望,是动词。是一般过去时,动词用过去式hped。故填hped。
(9)考查形容词。句意:他一直在编纂词典,直到很老。根据后句Frty-fur years…,in 1928,ther editrs finished the dictinary.(44年……,1928年,其他编辑完成了这部词典。)可知,此处是说"他一直在编纂词典,直到很老。"ld老的,是形容词。故填ld。
(10)考查副词。句意:根据Frty-fur years…,in 1928,ther editrs finished the dictinary.(44年……,1928年,其他编辑完成了这部词典。)可知,此处是说"44年后,1928年,其他编辑完成了这部词典。"later以后,后来。故填later。
本文介绍了世界上最大的字典牛津英语词典的编纂历史。
语法填空题要根据上下文语境,运用语法和词汇知识,反复推敲以求得解答。充分考虑到上下文具体语境,需要考生弄懂上下文的语境。
48.【答案】given
up
【解析】放弃give up,是动词短语。根据语境和空格前面的has可知,此句是现在完成时,其构成为"have/ has dne",要填过去分词。
故答案为:given up。
他已经放弃了今天去博物馆参观的打算。
汉译英,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
49.【答案】wake
up
【解析】根据英汉对比,这里缺少叫醒的英语表达法,用wake up表示,这里句子无主语,是一个祈使句,以动词原形开头.故填wake up。
50.【答案】instead
f
【解析】instead f是介词短语,意思是"而不是",作状语。
故答案为:instead f。
我昨天没有待在家里,而是去了电影院。
汉译英,需要学生根据句意、时态和固定搭配等,来选择合适的单词或者短语,构成合乎语法、句意完整的句子。
51.【答案】stick
t
【解析】句意:他决定坚持他的第一计划。根据题干,可知考查固定短语:stick t"坚持"。decide t d sth"决定做某事",t是不定式符号,后面跟动词原形。故填stick t。
52.【答案】mst
imprtantly
【解析】分析中英文句子可知空格处缺少"最重要的是"的英语表达。最重要地:mst imprtantly,在句中作状语,修饰全句。
故填:mst imprtantly。
他善良,聪明,最重要的是,他是个诚实的孩子。
平时要多加强对词汇的理解和积累,多做一些英汉互译方面的练习,熟能生巧。
53.【答案】Hell,everyne. I wuld like t tell a stry between my gd friend Zhang Wen and me. We have been gd friends since Grade Seven. During these years,we've shared lts f happy times tgether. We played games,studied and laughed a lt. But a few days ag,we had an argument ver a small thing because we didn't agree with each ther. After that,we didn't talk t each ther fr a lng time.I felt really sad. I think the best way t slve this prblem is t say srry t each ther and talk abut ur feelings. Friends are imprtant,and we shuldn't let a small argument break ur friendship. I hpe that we can be gd friends again sn.
That's all. Thank yu.
【解析】Hell,everyne. I wuld like t tell a stry between my gd friend Zhang Wen and me. We have been gd friends since Grade Seven. During these years,we've shared lts f happy times tgether. We played games,studied and laughed a lt. But a few days ag,we had an argument ver a small thing because we didn't agree with each ther.【高分句型一】After that,we didn't talk t each ther fr a lng time. I felt really sad.(介绍与好朋友之间的故事)I think the best way t slve this prblem is t say srry t each ther and talk abut ur feelings. Friends are imprtant,and we shuldn't let a small argument break ur friendship. I hpe that we can be gd friends again sn.【高分句型二】(介绍解决办法)
That's all. Thank yu.
【高分句型一】
But a few days ag,we had an argument ver a small thing because we didn't agree with each ther.
翻译:但是几天前,我们因为一件小事吵了一架,因为我们意见不一致。
分析:句子中应用了because引导的原因状语从句。
【高分句型二】
I hpe that we can be gd friends again sn.
翻译:我希望我们能很快再次成为好朋友。
分析:句子中应用了that引导的宾语从句。
能够根据提示进行书面表达,能够围绕主题准确使用一定的语法、词汇、短语和句型等,清楚连贯地表达自己的思想,进而完成写作任务。A.Gd idea!
B.What's it?
C.What are they ging t talk abut?
D.Which schl are they in?
E Hw lng have they been here?
F.Where are they frm?
G.When will they cme?
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