惠州中学高二年级下学期期中考试英语科试卷-A4

这是一份惠州中学高二年级下学期期中考试英语科试卷-A4，共7页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
卷面满分120分, 考试用时120分钟
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
2022 Best Natinal University Rankings
The US News Best Cllege Rankings can help prspective students and their families cmpare institutins as they lk fr the best fit. Here is a breakdwn f what ges int the annual rankings.
Princetn University
The ivy-cvered campus f Princetn University, a private institutin, is lcated in the quiet twn f Princetn, New Jersey. Princetn was the first university t ffer a “n lan (贷款)” plicy t financially needy students, giving financial aid instead f lans t accepted students wh need help paying tuitin.
Clumbia University
Clumbia University has three undergraduate schls: Clumbia Cllege, The Fu Fundatin Schl f Engineering and Applied Sciences (SEAS), and the Schl f General Studies. This Ivy (常春藤) League, private schl guarantees students husing fr all fur years n campus in Manhat-tan’s Mrningside Heights neighbrhd in New Yrk City.
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private institutin in Cambridge, Massachusetts, just utside f Bstn. This Ivy League schl is the ldest higher educatin institutin in the cuntry and has the largest dnatin f any schl in the wrld.
Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy
Thugh the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy may be best knwn fr its math, science and engineering educatin, this private research university als ffers architecture, humanities, management and scial science prgrams. The schl is lcated in Cambridge, Massachusetts, just acrss the Charles River frm dwntwn Bstn.
T further explre the rankings and data, please lg in the US News Cllege Cmpass! The fllwing pages include each schl’s perfrmance acrss ranking indicatrs and the latest statistics used in the calculatins.
21. Which university is mst favurable t the prer students?
A. Harvard University. B. Clumbia University.
C. Princetn University.D. Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy.
22. What d the fur universities have in cmmn accrding t the text?
A. They are private institutins.
B. They guarantee students’ accmmdatin.
C. They are Ivy League schls.
D. They ffer financial aid t students.
23. Where can we find the text?
A. In a gegraphical magazine.B. In a travel brchure.
C. In an educatin bk.D. On a web page.
B
I first realized that plastic was a serius matter fr ur planet during my travel in Western Australia. One day abut 12 years ag, I stpped at a supermarket alng the Cral Bay cast t buy sme grceries. But the lady at the cunter tld me that the supermarket didn’t sell any shpping bags t prevent plastic in the cean and help preserve the endangered turtles(海龟) living in that area. After a first reactin f surprise, I gathered all purchases in my arms and left, reflecting n what I had been tld.
The experience in that trip made me mre cnscius abut my impact and pushed me t adpt varius habits t travel and live mre sustainably. Fr example, I always carried a cttn bag when I went shpping.
My travel t Indnesia was anther life-changing experience that strengthened my determinatin t turn t a zer-waste lifestyle. In Indnesia, finding safe drinkable water was always a challenge, s I traveled with my water bttle, managing t avid almst entirely the use f plastic during my trip.
Hwever, I was seriusly struck by my stay n the Libaran Island, where a sustainable and turtle cnservatin prject was launched 10 years ag. Despite the big effrts by the prject staff and the cmmunity in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shre was washed daily with tns f plastic cming frm the tides. Walking n a carpet f plastic that almst prevented me frm seeing the beach underneath was quite shcking.
Facing this glbal issue in persn, I felt a sense f sadness and anger that sn turned int determinatin: t d as much as pssible t reduce plastic in my life. Smetimes we might feel helpless in frnt f big prblems, but we shuld be aware that small changes culd actually make a difference step by step!
24. Hw des the authr lead in the tpic f the text?
A. By reflecting n the present life.
B. By lking int the future envirnment.
C. By intrducing the previus achievements.
D. By recalling the past shpping experience.
25. What did the authr decide t d after the trip abut 12 years ag?
A. Cut back n travel.B. Lead a green life.
C. Shp less frequently.D. Purify drinking water.
26. What d we knw abut the prject in paragraph 4?
A. It had n clear gal.
B. It met the islanders’ needs.
C. It didn’t wrk ut very well.
D. It aimed t prevent turtle attacks.
27. What des the authr think f the plastic prblem?
A. It is demanding.B. It is manageable.
C. It is easy t slve.D. It is being verlked.
C
Human experts spend years rasting and tasting cffee frm many places t learn abut the beans. They might then cmbine a cffee bean frm Africa with anther ne frm Suth America t cme up with a new blend. But, a cffee rasting cmpany in Helsinki, Finland is hping that artificial intelligence, r AI, can help ease the wrklad.
Kaffa Rastery recently brught ut its “AI-cnic” blend at the Helsinki Cffee Festival. The blend is a mixture f fur kinds f beans, including Fazenda Pinhal frm Brazil. It is the result f a jint prject by Kaffa and Elev, a lcal AI business.
Svante Hampf is the funder f Kaffa Rastery. He and his partners wanted t d an experiment t see what blend the cmputer wuld prduce. “We basically gave descriptins f all ur cffee types and their flavurs t AI and instructed it t create a new exciting blend,” Hampf said. The “AI-cnic” blend cmbined beans frm Brazil, Clmbia, Ethipia and Guatemala. It is described as “a well-balanced blend f sweetness and ripe fruit”.
Hampf said he thught the cmbinatin was “smewhat weird”. He was surprised that the AI prgramme chse t make the blend ut f fur different kinds f beans. Mst humans chse nly tw r three beans. Hwever, after the first blind test f the new blend, Kaffa’s cffee experts agreed that the AI-assisted blend was perfect. There was n need t change.
Elev’s Antti Merileht said “AI-cnic” is an example f “hw AI can intrduce new viewpint t experienced prfessinals”. The Internatinal Cffee Organizatin says that the 5.6 millin peple in Finland drink the mst cffee per persn in the wrld. And the rasters at Kaffa said they hpe the AI prject will help t bring mre things t the strng cffee culture in the cuntry.
Hampf called it a “first step”, adding, “I think AI has plenty t ffer us in the lng run. We are particularly impressed f the cffee taste descriptins it created.”
28. What is the functin f Paragraph 1?
A. T pint ut a prblem.B. T present a finding.
C. T intrduce the tpic.D. T call fr actin.
29. What can we learn abut the “AI-cnic” blend?
A. It is nw in mass prductin.
B. It cmes in a variety f fruit flavurs.
C. It is sweeter than ther cffee.
D. It integrates beans frm fur cuntries.
30. What des the underlined wrd “weird” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Strange.B. Great.C. Ordinary.D. Strng.
31. What is the best title fr the text?
A. AI Rbts Help Make Perfect Cffee
B. A New Cffee Blend Wins Peple’s Lve
C. AI Tries Hand at Blending Cffee in Finland
D. AI Prjects Are Widely Used in Different Fields
D
Climate mdels can give us a preview f hw humanity’s actins — r inactin — will change ur planet ver the cming decades and centuries. But because the planet is such a cmplex system, they aren’t perfect; climate mdels have uncertainties that grw larger as they g farther int the future. Scientists and engineers frm acrss the cuntry are teaming up t build a new type f climate mdel that is designed t prvide mre precise and actinable predictins.
Current climate mdeling relies n dividing up the glbe int a grid (格子) and then cmputing what is ging n in each sectr f the grid, as well as shw the sectrs interact with each ther. Limitatins in available cmputer prcessing pwer mean that thse sectrs generally cannt be any smaller than tens f kilmeters per side. But fr climate mdeling, the devil is in the details — details that get missed in a t-large grid. “Fr cities planning their strm water management facilities t resist the next 100 years’ wrth f flds, this is a serius issue. Cncrete answers abut the likely range f climate utcmes are key fr planning.” says Tapi Schneider, senir research scientist at CliMA.
Weighing recent advances in the cmputatinal and data sciences, the team plans t step in and each f the partners brings a different strength and research expertise t the prject. “Our gal is a new mdel that prjects future changes in critical variables such as clud cver, sea ice extent, and rainfall mre accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size f thse in existing mdels.” said Dr. Andrew, the team leader.
One dubter abut the applicatin f climate mdels is Raffaele Ferrari, a Cecil and Ida Green Prfessr f Oceangraphy at MIT. “Using a mdel, we becme puppeteers, masters f a giant system that is, in truth, beynd human cntrl. We can cl r heat the planet at will, add salt r ice r rain r dust in any amunt we want,” Dr. Ferrari says. “We have n backup planet. Hw climate mdels are used remains t be seen.”
32. Why are climate mdels built?
A. T cllect scientific data.
B. T mnitr human actins.
C. T deliver useful frecasts.
D. T maintain scial systems.
33. What is the prblem f current climate mdeling?
A. Shrtage f facilities.
B. Reliance n cmputers.
C. Limitatin in simplifying details.
D. Inability t get smaller grids.
34. What des the team aim t d?
A. Investigate serius issues.
B. Guarantee the safety f the city.
C. Imprve the accuracy f the mdels.
D. Change the future climate.
35. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Climate mdels enjys great ppularity.
B. Scientists have created a new climate mdel.
C. Dubts abut climate mdels are disappearing.
D. Cautin is advised in the use f climate mdels.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Glitter (闪光纸屑) is widely used t decrate clthing, arts, and s n. During festivals and celebratins, it brings jy and excitement, creating a dazzling atmsphere that unites peple in the celebratin. 36 It is necessary t knw why.
37 The glitter yu used fr yur decratins a decade ag prbably still exists nw. And it makes prducts that yu may nrmally wish t recycle, such as wrapping paper, n lnger recyclable. This is why the UK gvernment has banned t put shiny r glittery Christmas cards r wrapping paper in recycling bags.
Besides, due t its size, lts f plastic glitter will unavidably make its way int water, rivers, and eventually the ceans. 38 This has been shwn t significantly impact the reprductin rates f yster (牡蛎) and make ther animals less active, mre likely t be eaten and less likely t thrive.
Glitter als cntributes t the increasing micr plastics inside human bdies. 39 Aside frm directly finding its way int ur fd frm glittery cards and decratins, it's cnsumed by fish, shellfish, seabirds and ther marine life, thus passing thrugh the fd chain and eventually reaching us and harming ur health.
While restricting glitter is nly an extremely small step in addressing the brader micr plastic prblem, the Eurpean Unin has taken the lead in this. Leading UK retailer (零售商) such as Mrrisns shuld be praised fr taking a stand and ging cmpletely glitter free. 40 But if we are t prtect ur planet, n step is t small.
A. This means it gets everywhere.
B. Life in these water bdies ften mistakes it fr fd.
C. But it is nw fficially banned in the Eurpean Unin.
D. The materials used t make glitter are knwn t harm human health.
E. Grwing research suggests glitter ends up back n ur dinner tables.
F. Banning glitter bviusly wn't cmpletely save the climate r animals.
G. The prblem with glitters is that it is a micr plastic that desn't break dwn naturally.
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分)
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I was ging thrugh acute anxiety, which caused my bdy t respnd in a frightening way. I feared smething was wrng with my heart, s I turned t 41 fr help.
With a 29-year-ld patient at the ffice, the cardilgist (心脏病科专家) seemed 42 as I was prbably nt his usual type f patient. He frankly tld me, “I can't tell yu what the little thing yu feel in yur chest is.” He 43 my cncerns, ffered n sympathy, and sent me hme. I felt 44 that I'd wasted his valuable time and I was mre anxius than I'd been befre.
With tears in my eyes, I tld the secnd dctr that I felt “messed up”. The dctr listened 45 , pulled his chair up beside me and gently 46 me. He said, “We're ging t d everything we can t check yu and make sure nthing is 47 , and I think what yu're mst prbably experiencing is anxiety.”
He spke t me cmpassinately, and with full 48 f my cncerns. The way he cmmunicated with me never 49 me t feel guilty r flish. He cared fr me, listened t me, and understd me. Mst imprtantly, I felt he had my best 50 in mind and he was 51 helping me srt ut what was bthering me. After that, I felt like mst f my symptms and discmfrt 52 .
Years later, I recgnized the 53 f Dctr 2’s sympathetic respnse and Dctr 1’s inactin. And I think ur medical 54 shuld g beynd the pure physical, and smetimes we shuld 55 the psychlgical ne, t.
41. A. clleaguesB. relativesC. friendsD. prfessinals
42. A. embarrassedB. cnfusedC. wrriedD. disappinted
43. A. figured utB. gt acrssC. brushed asideD. put frward
44. A. dissatisfiedB. ashamedC. astnishedD. annyed
45. A. selectivelyB. autmaticallyC. desperatelyD. attentively
46. A. cmfrtedB. judgedC. bservedD. amused
47. A. apprachingB. blamingC. waitingD. happening
48. A. imaginatinB. descriptinC. cmprehensinD. expectatin
49. A. requiredB. causedC. remindedD. prepared
50. A. interestsB. lessnsC. beliefsD. suggestins
51. A. addicted tB. accustmed tC. grateful frD. cmmitted t
52. A. disappearedB. wrsenedC. develpedD. cunted
53. A. relatinshipB. prfitC. impactD. attempt
54. A. treatmentB. chiceC. skillD. supply
55. A. adaptB. valueC. shareD. benefit
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In July, 2024, students frm Suthwest University traveled t Zhi sheng Twn, Chngqing, using AI technlgy 56 (restre) ld phts fr lcal villagers.
Villagers brught in damaged phts f family members, special events, and ther precius mments. These phtgraphs, damaged by time, 57 (prcess) by the Al mdel carefully. “Sme villagers’ eyes were filled with tears when seeing the repaired phts. That's 58 we believe technlgy is nt just a tl. It cnnects us t ur past and enriches ur present,” said Sheng Yang, a student 59 (majr)in Intelligent Science and Technlgy.
The team used the Stable Diffusin pen-surce engine, custmizing it t imprve pht clr sharpness, and reslutin. When Al alne was insufficient, further 60 (adjust) was made using traditinal tls like Phtshp. While the Al mdel 61 (prve) effective in recnstructing faces s far, it still faces many challenges. “The prblems reflect 62 limitatins in algrithms(算法) and we need mre advanced techniques ,” Sheng nted.
The prject nt nly shwed the psitive rle f technlgy in enhancing cmmunity bnds but helped keep thse bnds 63 (rt) in traditin. On the ne hand, the yunger generatin gave back t lder villagers by preserving their cherished memries. On the ther hand, it shwed the prfund impact that mdern technlgy have 64 safeguarding persnal histries and culture, especially in a 65 (rapid) changing wrld where traditins can easily fade.
写作 (共两节, 满分40分)
(满分15分)
假定你是李华，在学校英语论坛上看到一则求助帖:
I lve drawing, but my friend is s much better at it than I am. Whenever we draw tgether, I end up feeling discuraged and upset. Please help! Any advice wuld mean a lt t me. Thanks!
请写一则回帖，提出你的建议。
注意:
(1)写作词数应为80左右；
(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Anybdy have a bandage (绷带)?” a vice eched dwn the drm(宿舍) hallway. That was a cmmn scene frequently happening in ur first week at cllege when we were all experiencing “frgt-this-r-that”. I had frgt t bring snacks fr late-night hunger. Sme pr girl in the drm had apparently frgtten bandages. We all felt a little displaced.
Several mnths befre, I sat at my high schl graduatin party admiring my gifts and battling waves f pst-high schl emtins. The usual and belved inspiratinal bks were lying in disrder arund my feet, silently annuncing the wealth f wisdm they wished t share. A small pile f persnal checks lay nearby, laundry items, desk supplies, sewing things - all well-intentined and well-received. They wuld demnstrate their givers’ thughtfulness ver and ver during my cllege career.
But ne gift struck me as strange. I frwned when I pened it. A first aid kit? Inside it were a small packet f pills, pain-killers, creams, intments(药膏), an insect sprayer(喷雾), a tape, pads f gauze(纱布) and bandages. Wh wuld give that as a gift? “Yu'll need that nce yu’re at schl,” Mm pinted ut. “Yu wn’t have t chase dwn the campus nurse fr every cugh.” I shrugged(耸肩) at this thught.
Nt lng after, in August, I packed my life int a brrwed truck and slipped the first-aid kit in with my luggage. I barely thught abut it nce I reached campus, busy unpacking, bk-buying, scheduling and meeting new friends.
One day, I was peacefully sitting in my rm, absrbed in preparing my studies. The quiet atmsphere was suddenly brken by a sharp scream, “Anybdy have a bandage? Emily gt her arm burnt!” The vice eched thrugh the drmitry hall(走廊), instantly thrwing residents int a state f cnfusin and alarm.
注意：
1续写词数应为 150 个左右；
Paragraph 1: I remembered my little first-aid kit.
Paragraph 2: Years later, I received a party invitatin frm a yung friend wh was graduating frm high schl.
2 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。