高考英语二轮-阅读理解之细节理解题（练习）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮-阅读理解之细节理解题（练习）（学生版），共32页。
题型一 阅读理解之细节理解---直接信息题
Passage 1
Regardless f hw famus they are, and despite the star treatment they receive, many celebrities make it a pint t give back t charities. Sme have even set up their wn private fundatins. Their widely publicised visits t trubled areas f the wrld help t raise awareness f issues such as famine and pverty. Accrding t Jane Cper f Unicef UK, celebrities have a unique ability t reach huge numbers f peple, many f whm might nt therwise be engaged in charitable causes. She pinted ut that famus faces had played a significant rle in raising funds in recent years, and their energies had prduced tangible results, such as enabling millins f children in prer cuntries t attend schl.
But in spite f these successes there is evidence t suggest that celebrity endrsement (代言) may be verrated. In a survey f members f the public t find ut if celebrity invlvement wuld encurage peple t dnate, researchers fund that the impact was nt as great as previusly thught. When shwn a list f well-knwn rganisatins and famus peple wh represent them, ver half f respndents were unable t match the celebrity with the cause. What’s mre, three quarters claimed that they didn’t respnd t celebrity endrsement in any way. The survey als shwed that a few names did stand ut as being assciated with particular charities. But the presence f a celebrity in a campaign, was nt a significant factr when it came t a decisin t dnate time r mney. Instead, the majrity f peple cntribute because f persnal cnnectins in their lives and families which make a charity imprtant t them.
In anther study aimed at yung peple, mst participants cited a cmpelling (无法抗拒的) missin as their main mtivatin t give. The secnd mst imprtant incentive was if a friend r peer recmmended supprting a particular cause. Only tw percent f respndents said they were mtivated by celebrity endrsement. This seems t cntradict the general assumptin that teenagers are particularly influenced by famus peple. One pssible explanatin is that there is a general fatigue (疲倦) with celebrity culture. There is als a suspicin that the stars are the ne wh benefit mst when they ffer t d charity wrk. Sme critics have accused that celebrities might actually take attentin away frm issues by attracting mre attentin than the causes they represent.
S taking all these issues int accunt, is it time fr charities t rethink their campaign strategies and lk fr alternative ways t reach new audiences? Whichever pint f view yu favur, there seems t be pprtunities fr mre research int hw charity campaigns might develp relatinships with celebrities t maximise their ptential. This in turn will pen up mre engagement, and better targeted campaigns-which can nly benefit thse wh really matter — the peple and animals that are in need f assistance.
1．What des the underlined wrd “tangible” in paragraph I prbably mean?
A．Definite.B．Cmplicated.C．Limited.D．Temprary.
2．Accrding t the passage, mst peple cntribute t charities because ________.
A．they gain benefit frm the charities
B．they are frced t finish a necessary task
C．they believe in the famus peple they like
D．they are inspired by the peple arund them
3．The third paragraph is mainly abut ________.
A．what celebrities achieve in ding charities
B．Hw yung peple react t celebrity culture
C．why yung peple are hardly influenced by celebrities
D．wh is t blame fr taking attentin away frm charities
4．What is the authr's attitude twards celebrity ding charities?
A．Objective.B．Psitive.
C．Negative.D．Unclear.
Passage 2
Independent living at hme is the ideal fr every aging persn. But a fall r ther health-threatening incidents can change everything rapidly.
The wearable “panic buttns” intrduced in the late 1980s were a great advance. But they nly wrk if peple actually wear them and can reach the buttn in an emergency. Tday there are passive wearables that autmatically detect falls, and camera-based systems t mnitr elder safety.
Cming frm a 40-year career in the semicnductr and wireless cmmunicatin field, Rafi Zack decided t find a better alternative. “Peple aren’t devted t wearing small devices 24/7, and camera-based systems are an invasin（侵犯）f privacy,” he pints ut, “The mst challenging aspect is a fall. Hw fast we can detect a fall matters because the medical situatin wrsens quickly. Smetimes peple stay n the flr fr a lng time. We have t find ut hw t slve that prblem.”
Zack is a c-funder, CEO and vice president f R&D at EchCare Technlgies which has develped ECHO (Elderly Care Hme Observer), a clud-cnnected mnitr based n radar technlgy and machine learning.
Because radar sees thrugh walls, ne ECHO unit fixed n the ceiling r wall can mnitr ne persn (r tw persns, in a future versin) in a standard-sized apartment in a senir living facility. The device detects falls, breathing difficulties, drwning in a bathtub and ther dangerus events. It gives ut warnings t ptential health wrsening cnditins by cntinuusly mnitring and analyzing the persn’s lcatin, psture（姿势）, mtin and breath. EchCare tested the device in the United States, Japan, Australia and Israel. ECHO was certified（认证）in 2019 in Japan with the mst aging ppulatin in the wrld.
“Bathrms were the main testing area where abut 17,000 deadly accidents happen annually.” said SMK Directr and Executive Vice President Tetsu Hara. “Bathrm makers, hme security service prviders and nursing hmes are highly interested in EchCare’s slutin.” Zack nted, “As mre and mre elder peple live alne as a result f scial distancing, there is an increased need t mnitr them withut the burden f wearables r privacy-invading cameras.”
5．What’s the advantage f ECHO ver “panic buttns”?
A．It has camera-based systems.B．It has been widely accepted.
C．It can functin withut cameras.D．Its buttns can be easily reached.
6．What can we knw abut ECHO frm paragraph 5?
A．It is designed t send ut warnings regularly.
B．It mnitrs dangerus health-related events.
C．It was certified in many develped cuntries.
D．It detects mre than ne persn at the same time.
7．What can we infer abut the future f ECHO?
A．It’ll becme mre ppular with the elderly.
B．It’ll stp 17,000 deaths happening annually.
C．It’ll be used in nursing hmes and hspitals.
D．It’ll help elderly peple t live an active life.
8．What can be the best title fr the passage?
A．An Advanced Medical Instrument
B．A High-tech Mnitr fr the Elderly
C．The Inventin f a Healthcare Device
D．The Imprvement f a Medical Facility
Passage 3
Savannah Family Vacatin Package
Bring yur whle family t Savannah fr a vacatin adventure that cmbines sightseeing with a shw at Savannah’s mst histric theatre and three nights’ ldging in the exciting Savannah Family Vacatin Package!
Prices Starting at:
Ages 19 and Up: $150.00
Ages 13—19: $50.00
Ages 4—12: $20.00
Ages 0—3: Free
Histrical Attractins in Savannah
Savannah is a beautiful city, as well as ne f the mst histric in the United States, Here, visitrs will enjy Suthern histry and culture. Head ut n any ne f the remarkable activities ffered t experience sme fun. Plus, the city is full f histric sites t explre.
Abut the Included Savannah Theatre Musical Prductin
Savannah Theatre has brilliant architecture and is knwn fr being a tp theater with a state-f-the-art sund and light system and talented perfrmers. At this theater yu can experience a high-energy and interesting musical r a tw-hur variety shw in an unfrgettable perfrmance! The pssibilities are endless with the Histric Savannah Theatre, as the shw changes thrughut the year. During Nvember and December, guests will get t experience the Christmas prductin.
Abut the Included Savannah Old Twn Trlley Tur
Guests will als be able t bard upn the Savannah Old Twn Trlley Tur. The trlley tur gives guests a cmfrtable and fun way t see the city in style. Thugh the guided tur lasts apprximately 90 minutes, guests will be able t hp n r hp ff at a mass f lcatins including the City Market, Srrel-Weed Huse, and Massie Heritage Museum. With transprtatin taken care f, guests can simply fcus n seeing the best that Savannah has t ffer.
9．Hw much shuld a cuple with their five-year-ld twins pay fr this tur?
A．$170.00.B．$190.00.C．$340.00.D．$400.00.
10．What cntributes mst t the reputatin f Savannah Theatre Musical Prductin?
A．Its sund and light system.B．Its high-quality musical.
C．Its changeable shw.D．Its Christmas prductin.
11．Where is the text prbably taken frm?
A．A histrical bk.B．A travel website.
C．A guide t Savannah.D．A fashin magazine.
Passage 4
Each year, abut 250 billin t-g cups serve cffee and tea frm places like Starbucks and McDnald’s are prduced t satisfy the wrld’s lve fr ht drinks n the run. These paper-based cups have the inside surface cvered with plastic t prevent water frm escaping, and keep water frm being absrbed int the material. Despite this, that als remves any pprtunity fr the cups t be bidegradable (可生物降解的).
The materials that created these cups f gdness and cnvenience are recyclable but nly if separated. In additin, the demand fr such resurces is lw, s they are wrth next t nthing.
In respnse t this great challenge, NextGen Cnsrtium, multi-year partnership led by Starbucks and McDnald’s launched their first big initiative (倡议)—NextGen Cup. The first step in NextGen Cup was an pen cmpetitin where participants presented ideas fr sleeves, cups, lids and ther parts f the ht-cld paper-based takeaway cffee cup that wuld make it reusable, recyclable, r bidegradable; t finally be widely used. 12 winners, annunced in 2019, shared a prize f $1 millin, as well as persnalized grwth, and supprt frm members f NextGen Cnsrtium.
Later, they launched tw pilt prgrams at independent cffee shps in Califrnia. In ne case, custmers were given “smart” reusable cups made mstly frm recyclable plastic. They then culd drp their empties int cllectin cntainers at key lcatins, fr washing and reuse. These cups were printed with RFID chips r QR cdes, thrugh which cffee shps can knw where there is the greatest need fr cllectin cntainers and hw many are nt using them.
T reduce cffee cup waste, Cup Club is already replacing millins f takeaway cups in the UK, while Recup in Germany, has perfrmed a depsit system that simply adds a small extra fee t any cffee cup which is returned t the buyer after the cup is depsited in any registered cllectin pint.
12．What can we say abut the paper-based cups?
A．They can absrb water easily.B．They are nt ppular in life.
C．They can’t be easily recycled.D．They are attractive in lw price.
13．What’s the theme f the NextGen Cup?
A．Separating recyclable materials frm the cups.
B．Making the cups green and easily available.
C．Reducing the unnecessary parts f the cups.
D．Gaining the supprt frm their partners.
14．What’s the functin f RFID chips r QR cdes?
A．Knwing abut custmers’ preference fr cffee shps.
B．Cllecting the infrmatin n which shp is empty.
C．Helping chse where custmer can drink cffee.
D．Making the recycling f cups mre efficient.
15．What des the wrd “which” in the last paragraph refer t?
A．A cllectin pint.B．A depsit system.
C．A small extra fee.D．Any cffee cup.
Passage 5
The jy f giving is real, accrding t a study. Research presented in the Jurnal f the Assciatin fr Psychlgical Science shws that thse wh give gifts are happier — and happier fr lnger — than thse wh receive gifts.
Researchers cnducted tw studies last year. In ne，participants were given $5 every day fr five days and were required t spend the mney n the same thing each day. Sme participants were required t spend the mney n themselves, while thers were required t give t make a dnatin t charity. In a secnd experiment that was dne nline, participants played 10 runds f a wrd puzzle game and each wn 5 cents per rund, which they culd keep r dnate.
In bth experiments, participants reprted their verall happiness. Thse wh dnated their mney shwed that their happiness declined at a much slwer rate than thse wh kept the mney r spent it n themselves.
The researchers nte that when peple fcus n an utcme, they can easily cmpare utcmes, which may diminish their sensitivity t each experience. When peple fcus n an actin, they may fcus less n cmparisn and instead experience each act f giving as a unique happiness-inducing event. Further analyses ruled ut sme ptential alternative explanatins, such as the pssibility that participants wh gave t thers had t think lnger and harder abut what t give, which culd prmte higher happiness.
The results are especially interesting because accrding t ne f the researchers, Ed O’Brien f the University f Chicag Bth Schl f Business, they cnflict with past research. “If yu want t sustain happiness ver time, past research tells us that we need t take a break frm what were currently cnsuming and experience smething new. Our research reveals that the kind f thing may matter mre than assumed: Repeated giving, even in identical ways t identical ther，may cntinue t feel relatively fresh and relatively pleasurable the mre we d it,” O’Brien said.
S fr all the hliday gifts yu give this seasn, expect t feel happy and knw that feeling is ging t stick arund fr a while.
16．What’s the functin f the first paragraph?
A．T lead t the tpic.
B．T highlight the imprtance f the study.
C．T recmmend a jurnal.
D．T persuade peple t give gifts regularly.
17．Why did the researchers d tw experiments?
A．T challenge the past research.
B．T rule ut different experimental data.
C．T shw the benefits f dnatin.
D．T make the cnclusin mre cnvincing.
18．What des the underlined wrd “diminish” prbably mean in the furth paragraph?
A．Develp.B．Shw.C．Reduce.D．Lack.
19．What’s the main finding f the new study?
A．Gift giving will result in lnger happiness than receiving.
B．Thinking lnger and harder n giving will prmte higher happiness.
C．The feeling f happiness will disappear sn if peple just give hliday gifts.
D．Taking a break frm what were currently cnsuming will sustain happiness.
题型二 阅读理解之细节理解---间接信息题
Passage 1
I’m May. high schl senirs all arund the U. S. scramble (争抢) t get ready fr prm. Prm. shrt fr prmenade, is a frmal dance held by a high schl befre graduatin. It's an imprtant aspect f American schl culture because it's the last high-schl dance senirs will ever attend.
Prm entails (牵涉) cuntless traditins. First a guy must ask a girl t g t prm with him. Mst guys chse t d special prm prpsals in hpes f winning the girl's heart with their creativity. Then he will rent a tuxed (燕尾服), and the girl will ften get their hair, nails and makeup dne prfessinally. That night cuples will take pictures, and then they will ften take a limusine (豪华轿车) t dinner and t the dance. Several reprts state that parents can spend upward f $ 2,000 t give their kids the perfect prm experience.
The histry f prm can be traced back t the last half f the 1800s. At that time, American universities and clleges rganized dances each year fr their graduating students. The purpse was nt nly t entertain the students but als t prepare them fr the wider wrld by teaching them prper manners fr men and wmen.
Later, high schls tk ver the prm traditin. In the 1950s, high schls began mving the dance frm their gyms t beautiful htels r cuntry clubs t make the event even mre special. Perhaps the mst amazing prm tk place in 1975, when Susan Frd, the daughter f the cuntry's president, received permissin t hld her high schl's prm at the White Huse. S far, n ther prm has managed t tp that.
1．What des this article mainly explain abut prm?
A．Its unusual atmsphere.
B．Its present and future.
C．Its educatinal benefits.
D．Its custms and rts.
2．Accrding t this article, what d the participants in prm mainly pay attentin t?
A．Their appearance.
B．Their pssessins.
C．Their transprtatin.
D．Their supervisrs.
3．What were peple suppsed t learn frm prm at ne time?
A．What marketing plan t use.
B．Hw t behave arund thers.
C．Which fd was best t eat.
D．When t earn a great degree.
4．Accrding t this article ,where was a special event held mre than fur decades ag?
A．In an fficial residence.
B．In an internatinal curt.
C．In a mtin picture studi.
D．In a mdern gallery.
Passage 2
A yung wman was walking in Santa Ana, Califrnia, when she came upn an elderly street vendr (小贩) selling tamales (玉米粉蒸肉). Seeing hw tired he lked in his wheelchair, she decided t give him a few bucks and a sandwich—and she als gave him a sympathetic ear t listen t his stry.
When Kenia Barragan first saw Jse Villa Ocha, she thught f her wn parents. “I felt fr him,” she tld KTTV News, “My parents are bth lder, and I wuld hate t see my dad ut selling tamales fr smebdy and barely making ends meet.”
Knwn as “Dn Jel”, he explained that althugh he wanted a jb, n cmpany wuld hire him because f his age. In rder t keep himself ut f debt, he started t sell tamales cked by a lcal wman. At the end f each hard day, she wuld give him a cut f the earnings. This allwed him t buy fd, but was nt enugh fr him t affrd his medical treatment r a phne.
The 28-year-ld wman was happy t listen t Dn Jel’s stry, but she wanted t d mre. She made an appeal t her fllwers n Instagram fr sme assistance. Within a week, friends and strangers flded her with mre than $84 000 in dnatins.
In additin t the mney raised fr Dn Jel’s retirement, Kenia purchased him a new wheelchair and a shiny new pair f shes. Even thugh he’s 94, he says he feels like he’s 40 nw, because the kindness has made him feel s alive. He describes the genersity as “life-changing”.
Kenia feels exactly the same way. She says she’s always lking fr a purpse that helps peple and that she’s been living in line with thse values in her current jb, wrking with peple wh have disabilities t get them transprtatin. Her gal in life is t establish a hmeless shelter.
5．Why did Dn Jel sell tamales?
A．T buy a new wheelchair.B．T struggle fr a living.
C．T pay ff his medical debt.D．T help a lcal wman.
6．Hw did Kenia change Dn Jel’s life?
A．By establishing a hmeless shelter.B．By giving him mney and sandwiches.
C．By cllecting dnatins n Instagram.D．By listening t his stry attentively.
7．What can we infer abut Kenia in the text?
A．She disliked her father because f his jb.
B．She is a wealthy wman ready t help thers.
C．She helped Dn Jel when she was 40 years ld.
D．She is a kind wman aiming t d mre charity.
8．What des the authr want t tell us?
A．Rse given, fragrant in hand.B．The best hearts are always the bravest.
C．N pain, n gain.D．Sharp tls make gd wrk.
Passage 3
The first wave f a new class f anti-aging drugs have begun human testing. These drugs wn't let yu live lnger but aim t treat specific illnesses by slwing a fundamental prcess f aging.
The drugs are called senlytics—they wrk by remving certain cells that accumulate as we age. Knwn as “senescent” cells, they can create lw-level inflammatin (炎症) that prevents nrmal systems f living cells repair and creates a pisnus envirnment fr neighbring cells.
In June, San Francisc - based Unity Bitechnlgy reprted initial results in patients with mild t severe stearthritis (关节炎) f the knee. Results frm a larger clinical trial are expected in the secnd half f this year. The cmpany is als develping similar drugs t treat age-related diseases f the eyes and lungs, amng ther cnditins.
Senlytics are nw in human tests, alng with a number f ther prmising appraches targeting the bilgical prcesses that lie at the rt f aging and varius diseases.
A cmpany called Alkahest injects patients with cmpnents fund in yung peple's bld and says it hpes t stp cnscius and functinal decline in patients suffering frm mild t mderate Alzheimer's disease. The cmpany als has drugs fr Parkinsn's and dementia in human testing.
And in December, researchers at Drexel University Cllege f Medicine even tried t see if a cream including the immune-suppressing drug culd slw aging in human skin.
The tests reflect researchers' expanding effrts t learn if the many diseases assciated with getting lder- such as heart diseases, arthritis, cancer, and dementia- can be dealt with t delay their utbreak.
9．Why d the researchers develp the drugs?
A．T rid inflammatin.B．T lengthen peple's life.
C．T treat age-related diseases.D．T remve cancer cells.
10．What des the underlined wrd “senescent” in paragraph 2 prbably mean?
A．Repairing.B．Cycling.C．Aging.D．Dividing.
11．Hw des the text mainly develp?
A．By listing data.B．By prviding details.
C．By making cmparisns.D．By analyzing causes.
12．Where is this text mst likely frm?
A．A diary.B．A guidebk.C．A nvel.D．A magazine.
Passage 4
Nearly everyne knws eBay is a website where yu can buy and sell pretty much anything. There are ther Internet auctin (拍卖) sites, but nne cme clse t eBay fr brand-name recgnitin. And fr gd reasn: eBay is the largest English-language nline auctin site in the wrld. Buyers cme t eBay fr the best chance f finding the particular thing they want. Sellers cme fr the largest pl f buyers, which they hpe means the best chance f selling at the highest pssible price.
Buying things n eBay is pretty simple. Yu can type a term int the search field, r click thrugh the categries list t get t what yu want. Inside an individual item listing, yu’ll see the current asking price, and a little buttn t click if yu wish t place yur wn bid. Enter a price, ccasinally cme back t see if smene has bid higher than yu and wait fr the end f the auctin perid. If yur bid is the highest, yu win! Nw all yu have t d is arrange payment and shipping methd with the seller. eBay is nly in the business f putting buyers and sellers tgether fr a small fee frm the seller. It desn’t handle the actual payment r shipping f gds. In ther wrds, it isn’t a big department stre, r a warehuse. It’s the wner f a flea market, and yu have t d yur wn deals with the individual sellers in their virtual stalls.
T be a skillful eBay buyer, yu shuld learn when t trust sellers and hw a prxy (代理人) bid can save yu frm ging nline every half-hur t up yur bid. Experienced eBay users als knw hw t use escrws (公正托管) t guarantee gds, and hw t avid selling tricks such as fake bids that push up prices. The mre ften yu buy n eBay, the mre yu learn.
13．Why is eBay the best website fr peple t buy and sell things?
A．Because it has all brand prducts.
B．Because the trade language is English.
C．Because sellers and buyers can clse their deals.
D．Because sellers can find a swimming pl there.
14．What shuld yu d first if yu want t buy smething at the site?
A．Find the current asking price.
B．Click a buttn t place yur wn bid.
C．Enter a price which is higher than thers.
D．Find what yu want in the categries list.
15．What shuld the buyer d if he/she wins the bid?
A．Get gds frm eBay.
B．Determine payment and shipment.
C．Send smebdy fr the gds.
D．Talk abut the price f the gds.
16．What is mainly talked abut in the last paragraph?
A．Hw t be a skillful buyer at eBay.
B．Hw t make sure f qualified gds.
C．Hw t avid being cheated by thers.
D．Hw t spare yu frm ging nline frequently.
Passage 5
It’s cmmn knwledge that the wman in Lenard da Vinci’s mst famus painting seems t lk back at viewers, fllwing them with her eyes n matter where they are in the rm. But this cmmn knwledge turns ut wrng.
A new study finds that the wman in the painting is actually lking ut at an angle f 15.4° ff t the viewer’s right — well utside the range that peple nrmally believe when they think smene is lking right at them. In ther wrds, said the study authr, Hrstmann, “She’s nt lking at yu.”
This is irnic (讽刺), because the entire phenmenn f a persn’s gaze (凝视) in a phtgraph r painting seeming t fllw the viewer is called the “Mna Lisa effect”, which is abslutely real. If a persn is illustrated r phtgraphed lking straight ahead, even peple viewing the prtrait frm an angle will feel they are being lked at. As lng as the angle f the persn’s gaze is n mre than abut 5 degrees ff t either side, the Mna Lisa effect ccurs.
Hrstmann and his c-authr were studying this effect fr its applicatin in the creatin f artificial-intelligence avatars (虚拟头像) when Hrstmann tk a lng lk at the “Mna Lisa” and realized she wasn’t lking at him.
T make sure it wasn’t just him, the researchers gathered 24 peple t view images f the “Mna Lisa” n a cmputer screen. They set a ruler between the viewer and the screen and asked the participants t nte which number n the ruler intersected (相交) Mna Lisa’s gaze. T calculate the angle f Mna Lisa’s gaze as she lked at the viewer, they mved the ruler farther frm r clser t the screen during the study. Cnsistently, the researchers fund, participants judged that the wman in the “Mna Lisa” prtrait was nt lking straight at them, but slightly ff t their right.
S why d peple repeat the belief that her eyes seem t fllw the viewer? Hrstmann isn’t sure. It’s pssible, he said, that peple have the desire t be lked at, s they think the wman is lking straight at them. Or maybe the peple wh first cined the term “Mna Lisa effect” just thught it was a cl name.
17．It is generally believed that the wman in the painting “Mna Lisa” ________.
A．attracts the viewers t lk back
B．seems mysterius because f her eyes
C．fixes her eyes n the back f the viewers
D．lks at bservers wherever they stand
18．What did the new study find?
A．The Mna Lisa effect des nt really exist.
B．The mystery f the wman’s smile in the painting.
C．The angle f the gaze in Mna Lisa effect.
D．Mna Lisa effect des nt ccur with Mna Lisa.
19．The experiment invlving 24 peple was cnducted t ________.
A．cnfirm Hrstmann’s belief
B．create artificial-intelligence avatars
C．calculate the angle f Mna Lisa’s gaze
D．shw hw the Mna Lisa effect can be applied
20．What can we learn frm the passage?
A．Hrstmann thinks it cl t cin the term “Mna Lisa effect”.
B．The Mna Lisa effect cntributes t the creatin f artificial intelligence.
C．Feeling being gazed at by Mna Lisa may be caused by the desire fr attentin.
D．The psitin f the ruler in the experiment will influence the viewers’ judgement.
题型三 阅读理解之细节理解---数字计算题
Passage 1
The wrld has seen many inventins. While mst peple are prud f thse assciate with their names, there are things making inventrs feel the ther way.
The pp-up (弹出) advert, by Ethan Zuckerman
Pp-up ads are cnvenient fr thse wh are interested, but mst peple get annyed when they are n cmputers. They may cntain cmputer viruses. Just as we wuld blame the inventr, the man humbly accepted his inventin isn’t ne f the best. In his essay, Zuckerman wrte abut the mst hateful thing, “I wrte the cde t launch the windw and run an ad in it.”
The emticn, by Sctt E. Fahlman
Emticns began t ccupy screens crazily in 2011 and gained great ppularity, especially with yung men. It had been fur years since Fahlman first used a “smiley face” in a cmputer message. He created the emticn as a jke marker. But things are different. “It has gne t places I dn’t apprve f,” he cmplained t The Wall Street Jurnal in 2013. “It shuldn’t have been created.”
The ffice cubicle (隔间), by Bb Prpst
In 1968, Bb Prpst came up with the idea ffice cubicles, smething that “wuld build a futuristic and tidy ffice style with n real walls r drs and prvide a mre cmfrtable envirnment”. But the man has cme t hate what he has invented, as Prpst recalled t Frtune at age 80, “They’ve changed and just becme cubicles”.
The K-Cup, by Jhn Sylvan
It seems everyne has a Keurig cffee maker fr K-Cups. Jhn Sylvan invented the K-Cup, aimed at facilitating ffice life f white-cllar wrkers. Nw it’s cmmn in huses and cmpanies. Hwever, the single-serve plastic cffee cups aren’t ec-friendly. “I feel bad smetimes that I ever did it”, Sylvan admits. But! Gd news fr Mr. Sylvan: Keuring nw ffers varieties f recyclable K-Cups.
1．When was the emticn invented?
A．In 2007.B．In 2009.C．In 2011.D．In 2013.
2．Which ne was created fr ffice wrkers’ cnvenience?
A．The pp-up advert.B．The emticn.C．The ffice cubicle.D．The K-Cup.
3．What d the abve inventins have in cmmn?
A．They benefit human life greatly.
B．Their creatrs are blamed by the public.
C．Their inventrs feel regretful.
D．They are very ppular with yung peple.
Passage 2
Welcme t ur nline event — Future f Fd and Agriculture
What we eat and hw we grw are changing. The need t feed a grwing ppulatin, slve hunger and besity, and avid trashing the planet is driving the next fd and agricultural revlutin, New Scientist Live's Future f Fd and Agriculture is an nline event fr everyne wh cares what's n their plates.
Hear abut the future f fd frm the wrld's leading scientists n the Main Stage. Dis-cver why rbts and genetics are changing the face f agriculture n the Field Stage. Frm lab-grwn meat t sustainable diets, discver what's cming t a plate near yu n the Frk Stage.
Wrld well-knwn speakers:
Neil Stephens: a researcher making lab-grwn meat
Mark Lynas: a senir lecturer fcusing n transfrming crps with gene-editing
Tilly Cllins: an entmlgist making the case fr adding eatable insects t ur diets
Tim Spectr: a micrbime expert verturning everything we knw abut diets, and a psychlgist making fd taste better by imprving ur senses.
Bking infrmatin:
Yur ticket will give yu access t the recrding f the talks at this event which riginally takes place n 28 Octber 2021. Access t the recrdings will be available until 28 April 2022, when the talks finish. Tickets are nly available in advance thrugh Eventbrite. A ticket will cst an individual $ 30. But yu'll enjy a 15% discunt if yu buy mre than three tickets at a time.
4．Wh will lecture n artificial meat?
A．Neil Stephens.B．Mark Lynas.C．Tilly Cllins.D．Tim Spectr.
5．What can be knwn abut the event?
A．It is intended fr farmers.B．It will last fr half a year.
C．It will be hsted n fur stages.D．It is accessible nline and ffline.
6．Hw much shuld ne pay fr five tickets at a time?
A．$105.B．$112.5.C．$127.5.D．$150.
Passage 3
Accrding t a survey cnducted by The Xerces Sciety fr Invertebrate Cnservatin, the mnarch butterfly is facing a sharp ppulatin decline that culd sn lead t its extinctin.
The mnarch butterfly is cnsidered the "king f all butterflies due t its extreme beauty, hence the name "mnarch". The mst ppular amng the Nrth American butterflies, the grand black-and-range in vertebrate（无脊椎动物） is knwn fr its yearly mass migratin f up t 3,000 miles frm the Baja Califrnia Peninsula t Califrnia's Central Cast every winter, beautifully cvering all the trees alng their path.
In 1980, its ppulatin was recrded t be abut 4. 5 millin and by the mid-2000's, there were barely 100,000 remaining. In 2018, the number f mnarch butterflies fell dwn t nly 28,260, which makes a 99. 4 percent decline in 39 years.
"It's mind-bggling. We're nw dwn belw 1 percent f the histric ppulatin," Says Emma Peltn, a Xerces Sciety Cnservatin bilgist.
A variety f factrs culd be invlved t cause the mnarch butterflies' near extinctin. One culd have a c-relatin t the lessening f ther insects such as bees and ther bird species. Anther factr culd be due t a number f human ecnmic activities such as urbanizatin and illegal lgging which lessens the butterflies' habitat, and pesticides widely used n crn and sybean crps.
Because f these chains f events, an "extinctin vrtex（旋风）” has ccurred where the prcess f extinctin wuld be near unstppable since the species wn't be able t reprduce and raise their numbers the natural way.
The mass disappearance f the mnarch butterfly and ther endangered species is a wake up call f ur little time remaining t psitively shift the directin f the eclgical envirnment fr a massive imprvement in the near future, in rder t help mther nature and all the ther living species in this earth.
7．What is the mnarch butterfly nted fr?
A．Its extreme beauty as king.
B．Its special name with mnarch.
C．Its manner f reprductin.
D．Its regular large-scale migratin.
8．Hw many mnarch butterflies disappear yearly?
A．Abut 20,000.B．Abut 150,000.
C．Abut 114,660.D．Abut 44,550.
9．Which factr may cause the mnarch butterfly's near extinctin?
A．The grwth f cities.
B．The ppularity f ther insects.
C．The cleaning f lakes.
D．Less crps such as sybean.
10．What is the purpse f the passage?
A．T infrm us f smething abut butterflies.
B．T appeal t us t prtect the eclgical envirnment.
C．T analyze why mnarch butterflies have gne extinct.
D．T attract visitrs t Califrnia's Central Cast.
Passage 4
With Heavenly Lake as the center, the Heavenly Lake and Tianshan Muntains Scenic Area cnsists f fur muntain landscape belts, which cvers a ttal area f 380.69 square kilmeters. In the muntains by Heavenly Lake, there live many precius plants and animals, such as snw ccks and re deer. The tps f the muntains are even hme t cntemprary glaciers and rich in resurces such as cpper, irn and mica.
Ideal Sightseeing Seasn: August and September
Opening Hurs: 09:00 - 19:30 in peak seasn, 10:00-18:00 in ff seasn
Ticket Price:
● Admissin fee: 95 yuan frm April t Octber, 45 yuan frm Nvember t March.
● Temple f Queen Mther f the West: 10 yuan.
● Ec- museum f Heavenly Lake: 10 yuan.
● Cableway: 20 yuan/ne-way, 35 yuan/rund-trip.
● Other fees: sightseeing bus (60 yuan/rund-trip), accumulatr car (5 yuan/persn each time), painted pleasure bat (50 yuan/persn each time), speed bat (35 yuan/persn each time), yacht (205yuan/persn each time).
Nte:
● There is an bvius difference in temperature frm day and in night in Xinjiang and temperature in sme scenic spts is prbably lwer due t the high elevatin r weather change. Therefre, it is still necessary t take alng a cat r wlen sweater t keep warm during the summer.
● Lcated in the nrthwest, Xinjiang has a lwer average temperature than that in mst areas f China, but ultravilet irradiatin in it is cmmnly higher. The highest temperature in sme cities such as Turpan can reach abve 40 degree Centigrade, s it is suggested t take alng effective sun blck and sme medicine in case f sunburn and sunstrke preventin.
● Xinjiang is a regin f an ethnic minrity with a cmmn belief f Islam. Prk is ne f the biggest tabs fr Muslims, s please d NOT bring prky fd int a Muslim restaurant r talk abut prk in public areas.
● Althugh mst areas f Xinjiang are lcated in UTC+6, Beijing Time (UTC+8, natinal standard time f China) is fficially used in Xinjiang. Due t the time difference f tw hurs later, sightseeing in Xinjiang is usually arranged between Beijing Time 09:00 and 20:00.
11．What can we knw frm the passage?
A．There are many cmmn plants and cntemprary glaciers n tps f the muntains.
B．In spring visitrs can enjy the mst beautiful scenery there.
C．Visitrs need t carry heavy clthes, sunglasses and sme medicine during the visit in summer.
D．Pulled prk is available in Muslim restaurants in Xinjiang
12．Hw much shuld a cuple pay if they want t visit the Ec-museum f Heavenly Lake by taking the rund-trip sightseeing bus in September?
A．165 yuan.B．330 yuan.
C．70 yuan.D．140 yuan.
13．Where is the passage take frm?
A．A travel review.B．A travel advertisement.
C．A travel news.D．A travel guide.
Passage 5
A New Jersey cuple and a hmeless man have been accused f making up a feel﹣gd stry that raised mre than ＄400,000 thrugh GFundMe.
The cuple, Kate McClure and Mark D'Amic, and the man, Jhnny Bbbitt Jr., face a charge f secnd-degree theft, Burlingtn Cunty Prsecutr Sctt Cffina said Thursday.
The cuple said they met Bbbitt when he gave his last ＄20 t McClure, wh was stranded n Interstate 95 in Philadelphia, s she culd put gas in her car，then started the GFundMe campaign as a way t thank him.
The paying-it-frward stry that drve this fundraiser might seem t gd t be true, Cffina said at a press cnference.
Unfrtunately, it was. The entire campaign was based n a lie.
After fees, the mney f the campaign netted abut ＄367, 000, all depsited int McClure's accunts, Cffina said. Bbbitt received ＄75,000, and within mnths McClure and D'Amic had wasted their share n buying a car, high-end handbags and trips, Cffina said. They als used it at casins(赌场), he said.
Cffina stressed that while Bbbitt, a veteran (老兵), deserves thanks fr his service t the cuntry and sympathy fr his situatin; he was fully invlved in the crime, using media t help "prmte the dishnest campaign".
Accrding t Cffina, McClure and D'Amic first met Bbbitt at an ff-ramp（驶出匝道）near a casin they regularly went, at least a mnth befre the GFundMe campaign went live.
They went back t the spt a mnth later, Cffina said. D'Amic tk a picture f McClure and Bbbitt that became the face f the GFundMe campaign that they started hurs later, Cffina said.
14．What's the actual purpse f the GFundMe campaign started by the cuple?
A．T express their appreciatin fr Bbbitt's help.
B．T help Bbbitt pay ff his heavy debt.
C．T raise mney fr their wn benefit.
D．T make peple believe in Bbbitt's genersity.
15．What des the underlined wrd "stranded" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A．Impssible t finish.
B．Unable t mve.
C．Withut any chice.
D．Out f service.
16．Hw much mney did the cuple get frm the GFundMe campaign?
A．Abut ＄292, 000.
B．Abut ＄367, 000.
C．Abut ＄325, 000.
D．Abut ＄400, 000.
17．What was Bbbitt accused f?
A．Pretending t be a veteran.
B．Rbbing the cuple f ＄75, 000.
C．Failing t serve his cuntry.
D．Helping invent the stry.
Passage 1
After beating bne cancer, Hayley Arceneaux thinks rcketing int rbit n SpaceX’s first private flight shuld be n prblem at all. St. Jude Children’s Research Hspital annunced the 29-year-ld dctr’s assistant will rcket int space later this year.
Arceneaux, a frmer patient at St. Jude, will becme the yungest American in space, beating NASA recrd-hlder Sally Ride by ver tw years. She will travel with businessman Jared Isaacman, wh is using the spaceflight he bught t raise mney fr charity. Tw ther yet-t-be-chsen space flyers will jin them. Arceneaux will be the first persn t launch with a prsthesis an artificial device that replaces a missing r injured part f the bdy. When she was 10, Arceneaux had an peratin at St. Jude t replace her knee and a piece f metal was put in her left leg. She still limps and has ccasinal leg pain.
“My battle with cancer really prepared me fr space travel,” she recently tld The Assciated Press. “It made me tugh, and then als I think it really taught me t expect the unexpected and g alng fr the ride.” Arceneaux wants t shw her yung patients and ther cancer survivrs that “the sky is nt even the limit anymre.” “It’s ging t mean s much t these kids t see a survivr in space.” she said.
Isaacman annunced his space flight n February 1, prmising t raise $200 millin fr St. Jude. As the flight’s self-appinted cmmander, he ffered ne f the fur seats abard SpaceX’s Dragn spacecraft t St. Jude. The hspital chse Arceneaux frm amng its many wrkers wh had nce been patients. The idea was that ne f them culd represent the new generatin, nted Rick Shadyac, president f St. Jude’s financing rganizatin.
Arceneaux was at hme in Memphis, Tennessee, when she gt a surprising call in January. She was asked if she wuld represent St. Jude in space. As a lifelng space fan wh lves adventures, Arceneaux has traveled widely and lves rller casters. Isaacman, wh flies fighter airplanes fr fun, cnsiders her a perfect fit. The launch is planned fr this fall at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center, with the spacecraft rbiting Earth fr tw t fur days.
1．Which statement is true abut Hayley Arceneaux?
A．She wrks where she used t be a patient.
B．She is an adventure hater.
C．She is the yungest American in space.
D．She is the first wman space flyer.
2．What’s the crrect rder fr what happened t Hayley Arceneaux?
a. She received a surprising call. b. She was diagnsed with a serius disease.
c. She was chsen t rcket int space. d. She was perated n at St.Jude.
A．a c d bB．b c d aC．b d a cD．c a b d
3．What’s the purpse f the space flight?
A．T carry ut medical research.
B．T explre space.
C．T expect the unexpected.
D．T cllect mney.
4．Hw can we describle Hayley Arceneaux?
A．Generus and strng.
B．Caring and ptimistic.
C．Brave and hnest.
D．Patient and representative.
Passage 2
A Chicag wman, Karen Autenrieth, wh lst her wedding band nearly 50 years ag was reunited with the ring just in time fr Valentine’s Day.
The stry began during the winter f 1973. “It was very cld and the snw piled up alng the rads,” Karen tld the Chicag Tribune. “I had t help each kid climb ver the large piles t get int my grandparents' yard. My hands were cld---I didn't have glves n---and my ring just flew int the snw.” Despite her best effrts, Karen was unable t find the ring.
In February, a Chicag man wh lst his wn wedding ring psted n Facebk asking if anyne had fund it. In the cmments sectin, Sarah Batka, a wman wh lives in Autenrieth's grandparents' frmer hme% said she had discvered a wedding ring eight years ag while gardening. It wasn't the man s ring» but it sparked a hunt fr the rightful wner.
Tw histrians---Carl Flynn and Linda Lamberty frm the Histrical Sciety---set ff t slve the mystery. They used every means t retrace the rigin f the ring and finally drew a cnclusin that a wman, Karen Autenrieth, whse grandparents had nce lived in Batka’s hme, was the pssible wner.
“The wman was n Facebk. S I asked whether this ring was hers. ’’ Flynn wrte in the pst. “She replied—it was hers!”
After cnnecting, Flynn mailed the ring t Autenrieth, wh received the package n Valentine's Day. 44Hly Mary, I can t believe it. Karen tld the Chicag Tribune. “Just think I get the ring back after almst 50 years!
5．When did Karen lse her wedding band?
A．When she played snw with kids.
B．When she cleaned the snw n the rad.
C．When she aided kids t get ver piles f snw.
D．When she helped her grandparents d gardening.
6．Which f the fllwing might NOT cntribute t the finding f Autenrieth's lst ring?
A．Sarah's hnest reprt.B．Karen’s endless effrts.
C．A similar case frm a man.D．Flynn and Linda's assistance.
7．What might be the best title fr the text?
A．A Special Valentine’s Day
B．A Wman with a Magic Stry
C．The Return f a Lng-lst Ring
D．The Search fr the Rightful Owner
[2024北京卷A篇]
The Language Exchange Prgramme allws students in pairs t cmmunicate in tw different languages they wish t share and learn each week. Students recrd shrt entries after each partner meeting nting the language skills practised and the tpics discussed. Each pair f students meets three times thrughut the term with a teacher wh decides if the exchange is effective. Students wh successfully cmplete the prgramme will receive ne credit each.
Requirements fr cmpletin:
•One welcming sessin n the secnd Friday f the term
•18 weekly ne-hur pair meetings
•Weekly prgress reprts fr all pair meetings
•At least three pair-teacher meetings
•One five-minute final vide
Sign up!
The sign-up and registratin prcess is as fllws:
•Students sign up and indicate the languages they can share and languages they are interested in learning.
•Based n the infrmatin entered by each student, ptential pairs are identified.
•Prficiency (熟练) levels are cnfirmed thrugh cursewrk r placement tests.
•Once a pair has been determined t be suitable, the students will be cntacted individually with a special permissin number t register fr the prgramme.
Reminders:
Signing up fr the prgramme des nt autmatically mean that yu will be able t register and participate. Pairs are matched by languages f interest and prficiency levels. Since there are many factrs invlved in the pairing prcess, nt all students wh sign up will be matched with a partner and be able t register fr the prgramme.
21. In the prgramme, students will _________.
A. chair daily meetingsB. evaluate the exchange
C. meet teachers each weekD. practise their language skills
22. T cmplete the prgramme, students are required t _________.
A. develpment testsB. participate in pair meetings
C. welcme new studentsD. wrk n weekly vides
23. What d students need t d during the registratin?
A. Indicate their languages f interest.B. Select their wn cursewrk.
C. Make individual cntact.D. Chse their partners.
[2023北京卷A篇]
The Internatinal Olympic Cmmittee(IOC)Yung Leaders prgramme empwers talents t make a psitive difference in their cmmunities thrugh sprt. Twenty-five Yung Leaders are being selected every tw years fr a fur-year perid. They prmte the Olympic values, spreading the message f sprt fr gd.
T be an IOC Yung Leader, yu need t first cmplete the 4-Week Learning Sprint (冲刺).
4-Week Learning Sprint
The 4-Week Learning Sprint, which will take place during Nvember 2023, is a virtual learning prgramme. The sessins can be attended live r watched back after they are made available n the IOC channel. Each week, participants will be asked t cmplete a tpic﹣specific reflectin task.
The 4-Week Learning Sprint is pen t anyne, with the target audience aged between 20 and 28.
After successfully cmpleting the 4-Week Learning Sprint, yu will need t submit a plan fr a sprt﹣based prject, which yu will wrk n if selected as an IOC Yung Leader.
Requirements fr the Applicants
•Yu have successfully cmpleted the 4-Week Learning Sprint.
•Yu have cmpleted yur high schl studies.
•Yu have at least ne year f wrk experience.
•Yu have strng public speaking skills.
•Yu are self-mtivated and cmmitted.
•Yu are passinate abut creating psitive change in yur cmmunity.
•Yu are pen t being cached and advised by experts and peers (同伴).
•Yu are able t wrk with peple frm different backgrunds.
1．In the 4-Week Learning Sprint, participants will ________.
A．create change in their cmmunityB．attend a virtual learning prgramme
C．meet peple frm different backgrundsD．prmte the IOC Yung Leaders prject
2．If selected as an IOC Yung Leader, ne will need t ________.
A．cmplete a reflectin task each weekB．watch sprts n the IOC channel
C．wrk n a sprt-based prjectD．cach and advise their peers
3．Which is a requirement fr the applicants?
A．Spreading the message f sprt fr gd.B．Having at least ne-year wrk experience.
C．Shwing great passin fr prject planning.D．Cmmitting themselves t becming an expert.
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】阅读理解之细节理解---直接信息题（最新模拟）
【题型二】阅读理解之细节理解---间接信息题（最新模拟）
【题型三】阅读理解之细节理解---数字计算题（最新模拟）
02 重难创新练（阅读理解创新题）
03 真题实战练
【说明】因为是二轮复习，所以为了保持语篇的完整性，没有对语篇进行删减，对细节理解题进行了蓝色标注。