湖南省株洲市2026届高三上学期一模英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份湖南省株洲市2026届高三上学期一模英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含2026届湖南省株洲市高三上学期教学质量统一检测一模英语试题Word版含解析docx、2026届湖南省株洲市高三上学期教学质量统一检测一模英语试题Word版无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共34页， 欢迎下载使用。
（本试卷共8页，考试用时120分钟，全卷满分150分）
注意事项：
1. 答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。
2. 选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上相应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
3. 非选择题的作答：用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。
4. 考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。
例如：Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是C。
1. Hw will the speakers prbably get t the stadium?
A. By bus. B. By bike. C. By subway.
2. What is the wman’s attitude twards the man’s request?
A. Favrable. B. Uncertain. C. Critical.
3. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a gallery. B. In a classrm. C. In a library.
4. Hw much did Jack pay fr the dictinary?
A. $8. B. $14. C. $20.
5. What will the man d next?
A. He will stay up. B. He will g t sleep. C. He will hand in his hmewrk.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What des the wman ften d with a brken mbile?
A. Keep it at hme. B. Sell it fr recycling. C. Thrw it away.
7. What are the speakers talking abut?
A. Electrnic waste. B. Sil pllutin. C. A recycling cmpany.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What time will the meeting prbably start?
A. At 2:15. B. At 2:30. C. At 3:00.
9. What des the wman say abut the club?
A. It wrks n preserving animals.
B. It cllects lcal data fr the gvernment.
C. It makes vides abut endangered animals.
10. What will the speakers prbably d first after the meeting?
A. See a film. B. Have supper. C. Drink cffee.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. Wh is Eric?
A. A high schl student. B. A university graduate. C. A cllege freshman.
12. Why des the wman refuse t buy a car nw?
A. The price f a car is nt reasnable.
B. The petrl statin is far frm hme.
C. Regularly checking the car is a must.
13. What des the wman expect her sn t get?
A. A full-time jb. B. A straight-A reprt card. C. The car membership.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Hw ften des Helen teach cmputer classes?
A. Every day. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
15. What des Jane begin t d after taking the classes?
A. Update her wn blg.
B. Dwnlad phne bills nline.
C. Keep electrnic medical recrds.
16. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Emplyer and emplyee. C. Hst and guest.
17. Hw can Helen benefit frm vlunteering?
A. Hst a live bradcast.
B. Develp her cmmunicatin skills.
C Becme head f a vluntary agency.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Where did the speaker visit last mnth?
A. A high-tech labr club.
B. A mdern family-run farm.
C. An advanced vegetable garden.
19. What des the cmputer sftware there mainly cntrl?
A. The watering system. B. The plant grwth. C. The sil temperature.
20. What des the speaker want t d in the future?
A. Offer different types f services.
B. Participate in skill-based activities.
C. Learn mre mdern technlgies.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Are Yu Cntrlled by Advertisements?
With advertisements all arund us, frm advertisements n the televisin t scial media apps, the fear arises abut hw they can influence ur behaviur. Often, the desire t buy smething emerges nly because it has affected ur minds thrugh advertisements and may nt be a real need f urs. Here are three things we can d t resist the urge t make an unnecessary purchase.
It wuld be best t give urselves sme time t cnsider if we really need the item r experience and if it is wise t spend ur mney in this way. Let us remember that advertisers are well aware f the way ur minds wrk, and they can easily make us purchase what we may later regret buying. Always strive t see thrugh the smkescreen by fllwing these three steps.
1. What strategy is mainly adpted in advertisements?
A. Offering a lt f testers.B. Appealing t cnsumers’ feelings.
C. Prviding prduct intrductins.D. Fcusing n the quality f prducts.
2. Hw can cnsumers assess the advertisement’s cre message?
A. By interviewing ther cnsumers.B. By distinguishing reasns and results.
C. By cmparing different advertisements.D. By questining it based n persnal needs.
3. What des the authr suggest t prevent emtinal buys?
A. Purchasing mre nline.B. Using cashless payment.
C. Thinking lnger befre a deal.D. Enquiring abut advertisers’ minds.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广告无处不在的现状，以及它们如何通过影响我们的心理来催生不必要的购买欲，并提出了三种抵制这种冲动的方法：认清广告策略、质疑广告信息、避免情绪化购买。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“Firstly, we have t be aware f cmmnly used emtinal and psychlgical strategies. Fr example, sme advertisements may feature a persn having an enjyable time at a cafeteria, suggesting us that ging there is a gd way t have fun with friends. It appeals t ur need fr happiness and fun. (首先，我们必须了解广告常用的情感和心理策略。例如，一些广告会展示一个人在自助餐厅愉快用餐的场景，暗示我们去那里是和朋友玩乐的好方式。这迎合了我们对快乐和乐趣的需求)”可知，广告的主要策略是迎合消费者的情感需求。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“The next step is t assess whether the advertisement’s cre message is reasnable. In the cafeteria example, we wuld need t questin the message that eating at a particular cafeteria with friends is equal t happiness... We will then be frced t distinguish between facts and pinins. (下一步是评估广告的核心信息是否合理。在自助餐厅的例子中，我们需要质疑‘和朋友在特定自助餐厅吃饭就等于幸福’这一说法……这会迫使我们区分事实与观点)”可知，消费者需要基于个人需求去质疑广告信息，以此来评估其合理性。故选 D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据表格中“When we cme acrss an advertisement fr smething attractive, we may feel frced t buy it immediately... Hwever, it’s crucial t resist the urge t act withut thinking carefully. (当我们看到吸引人的广告时，可能会冲动购买……但关键是要抵制未经深思熟虑就行动的冲动)”以及最后一段“It wuld be best t give urselves sme time t cnsider if we really need the item r experience and if it is wise t spend ur mney in this way. (最好给自己一些时间，考虑我们是否真的需要该商品或体验，以及这样花钱是否明智)”可知，作者建议在交易前多思考一段时间来避免情绪化购买。故选C。
B
Marty Bryce, a child f Irish immigrants (移民), was the first persn in his family t graduate frm university. Bryce, wh is nw 55 and lives in Philadelphia, became a lawyer representing large financial institutins. After 33 years, hwever, Bryce grew frustrated with what he was ding. His cases invlved endless and seemingly pintless fighting with a fcus just abut mney. “I ften felt like I was wasting my time,” he says.
Thinking abut what he might d next, he recalled particularly enjying thse ccasins when he was a guest lecturer at law schls and teaching yunger students. He thught he culd have a greater impact at a high schl level than he wuld at a cllege level. He stpped practicing law in September 2025 and started teaching at a high schl that same mnth.
His students have been welcming and he lves their enthusiasm and their desire t learn. Many students are curius abut the law and ask hw they can jin the prfessin. What impresses him mst is hw pen-minded his students have been. They’ve been far mre willing t cnsider ppsing pints f view than many adults. Seeing hw they develp r challenge an issue has been exciting.
Prvided that he remains in gd health, Bryce expects t wrk in this field until he is 70. While he hasn’t discvered the funtain f yuth, being arund students makes him feel years yunger. Dealing with teenagers can be challenging at times, but he’ll take them ver a bunch f lawyers and judges any day. Like Bryce himself, sme f his students are children f immigrants and have the ptential t enter a university. He is excited t be able t share the idea with them that a child f immigrants can have a career and succeed.
4. Why did Bryce give up his career in law?
A. He fund n challenge in his jb.
B. He gt a better jb ffer frm a schl.
C. He faced fierce cmpetitins in law.
D. He was annyed at mney-centered fights.
5. What made Bryce chse t teach at a high schl?
A. A desire fr a strnger influence.
B. The flexibility in wrking hurs.
C. A frmer experience as a guest hst.
D. The failure f handling legal cases.
6. What is the strngest impressin Bryce’s students made n him?
A. Curisity abut law.B. Enthusiasm abut learning.
C. Openness t different views.D. Ambitin t becme lawyers.
7. What can be inferred abut Bryce?
A. His family ppses his change.B. He aims t inspire students.
C. Dealing with his students is easy.D. He intends t teach immigrants.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了55岁的律师Marty Bryce因厌倦了以金钱为核心、无意义的法律诉讼，放弃从事33年的法律工作，转而选择在高中任教的经历。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“After 33 years, hwever, Bryce grew frustrated with what he was ding. His cases invlved endless and seemingly pintless fighting with a fcus just abut mney. I ften felt like I was wasting my time, he says. (然而，33年后，Bryce对自己所做的工作感到沮丧。他接手的案件都是无休止且看似毫无意义的纷争，核心关注点却只有金钱。他说：我总觉得自己是在浪费时间)”可知，Bryce放弃法律职业的原因是，他对这些以金钱为核心的法律纷争感到厌烦，认为这份工作毫无意义。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Thinking abut what he might d next, he recalled particularly enjying thse ccasins when he was a guest lecturer at law schls and teaching yunger students. He thught he culd have a greater impact at a high schl level than he wuld at a cllege level. (在思考接下来可以做什么时，他想起自己特别喜欢在法学院担任客座讲师、教年轻学生的那些时光。他认为，在高中任教能比在大学任教产生更深远的影响)”可知，Bryce选择在高中教书，是因为他希望自己的付出能带来更强大的影响力，高中教学能实现这一想法。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“What impresses him mst is hw pen-minded his students have been. They’ve been far mre willing t cnsider ppsing pints f view than many adults. (让他印象最深刻的是他的学生们思想非常开明。比起很多成年人，学生们更愿意去思考和接纳不同的观点)”可知，Bryce的学生给他留下的最深刻的印象，是他们对不同观点的包容和接纳的心态。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据最后一段“Like Bryce himself, sme f his students are children f immigrants and have the ptential t enter a university. He is excited t be able t share the idea with them that a child f immigrants can have a career and succeed. (和Bryce本人一样，他的一些学生也是移民子女，且有考上大学的潜力。他很庆幸能向这些学生传递一个理念：移民子女也能拥有自己的事业，也能取得成功)”可知，Bryce深知移民子女的成长不易，他主动向学生传递积极的理念，由此可推断他任教的一大目的是去激励学生，尤其是和自己有相似背景的移民子女。故选B。
C
The dawn chrus f birds has inspired pets and nature lvers fr thusands f years, but the reasn why birds start the day this way is a lasting mystery. Nw, a series f experiments in zebra finches (斑胸草雀) suggests that while darkness prevents singing, birds build up a strnger mtivatin t sing in the night that causes them t burst int sng at dawn.
Anil Kamath and his team members studied labratry-raised zebra finches in carefully cntrlled lighting cnditins t cntrl the timing f light and dark cycles. The team first pushed back the time at which the finches were expsed t sudden bright light t 3 hurs later than the actual dawn. The birds were awake but stayed silent in the artificial darkness, and when the lights eventually did cme n, the birds sang mre intensely than usual. When the lights came n 3 hurs earlier than the actual dawn, the birds still brke int a chrus, but withut the same intensity as when they were frced t wait. “In ther wrds, the lnger the perid f time between when the birds wake up and when the light begins is, the mre intense the chrus becmes,” Kamath says.
The team als analysed the birds’ sngs t see hw these changed ver the curse f the day. They fund there were rapid shifts in the structure f the sngs in the first hur after dawn, cmpared with the secnd hur. “Due t the absence f singing during the night, the vcal mtr system and sng-acustic structure may slightly becme wrse, and the dawn chrus serves t quickly restre them,” says Kamath.
While this study nly lks at ne species, similar drivers may apply t ther bird species. But Kamath urges cautin. “There are many differences between species in hw and when they sing in the dawn chrus,” he says, “and this explains why 11 different theries have been prpsed t understand the phenmenn.” Kamath advises bradening the range f species t be studied in the future.
8. Hw did the researchers cnduct the experiment?
A. By adjusting light expsure time.
B. By recrding birds acrss seasns.
C. By training the birds t sing n time.
D. By changing the birds’ living space.
9. What des Kamath’s team find abut zebra finches?
A. Their sngs are relatively stable.
B. Darkness hlds back their singing desire.
C. Their waking time affects chrus intensity.
D. Night singing is gd fr their vcal system.
10. What is Kamath’s suggestin abut?
A. Chice f new research methds.
B. Pssible directin fr further study.
C. Need t invlve mre researchers.
D. Ptential applicatin f the findings.
11. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw Light Affects Birds’ Rutine
B. Theries abut the Dawn Chrus
C. Zebra Finches: A Mdel fr Bird Studies
D. Why Birds Burst int Sng at Dawn
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项针对斑胸草雀的实验研究发现，黑暗抑制鸟类鸣唱但会积累其鸣唱动机，导致它们在黎明时更强烈地歌唱，且鸣唱结构在黎明后迅速恢复。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Anil Kamath and his team members studied labratry-raised zebra finches in carefully cntrlled lighting cnditins t cntrl the timing f light and dark cycles. The team first pushed back the time at which the finches were expsed t sudden bright light t 3 hurs later than the actual dawn. (Anil Kamath及其团队成员在精心控制的光照条件下对实验室饲养的斑胸草雀进行了研究，以控制光照和黑暗周期的时间。该团队首先将斑胸草雀接触强光的时间推迟了3个小时，使其比实际日出时间晚3个小时。)”和“When the lights came n 3 hurs earlier than the actual dawn, the birds still brke int a chrus, but withut the same intensity as when they were frced t wait. (当灯光比实际天亮时间提前了3个小时亮起时，鸟儿们还是齐声鸣叫起来，但其声音的强度已不如被迫等待时那么强烈了。)”可知，研究人员通过调整光照时间来进行实验。故选A项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中Kamath所说的话“In ther wrds, the lnger the perid f time between when the birds wake up and when the light begins is, the mre intense the chrus becmes (换句话说，鸟儿醒来与光线开始之间的时间间隔越长，合唱就越强烈。)”可知，Kamath的团队发现斑胸草雀的醒来时间会影响合唱的强度。故选C项。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Kamath advises bradening the range f species t be studied in the future. (Kamath建议未来扩大研究的物种范围)”可知，Kamath的建议是关于进一步研究的可能方向。故选B项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“The dawn chrus f birds has inspired pets and nature lvers fr thusands f years, but the reasn why birds start the day this way is a lasting mystery. (数千年来，鸟类的黎明合唱给诗人和自然爱好者带来了灵感，但鸟类以这种方式开始一天的原因是一个持久的谜。)”可知，文章首段提出鸟类晨鸣原因是个谜，后文通过实验探讨斑胸草雀在黑暗中积累鸣唱动机，并在黎明爆发性歌唱的原因，结尾指出需扩大研究以理解普遍现象。因此，D项“鸟类为何在黎明时分放声歌唱”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
D
Vegetables pack lts f nutrients. But ur bdies need sme nutrients that can be fund nly in animal prducts, such as meat. Nw, researchers have made changes t the genes in leaves s that plants can make sme f these nutrients. “This might ne day let wrldwide vegetarians (素食者) rely n plants fr the full range f nutrients their bdies need.” says Pengxiang Fan, a bichemist, wh wrks n the gal at Zhejiang University in Hangzhu.
T prduce the animal-type nutrients plant leaves need enzymes (酶) they dn’t nrmally have. Enzymes are prteins that speed up chemical reactins inside living things. In this case, they need enzymes that help turn certain amin acids — the building blcks f prteins — int nutrients nrmally fund nly in meat.
Fan is part f a team that put genetic instructins fr making these animal-based enzymes int a bacterium, which can transprt genes t plants. The team prepare multiple sets f genetic instructins. The sets differ in which amin acids and nutrients they can make. By cmbining the sets in different ways — like cmbining Leg blcks t build different structures — the instructins wuld allw plants t make different nutrients. Which nutrient the leaves make depends n which genetic instructins they have received.
Putting the genetic instructins int a leaf t change its genes takes just a few days. That’s a lt faster than the typical apprach fr testing genetic changes t plants. If plants are grwn in a mindful way, they shuld have fewer impacts n the envirnment than the farming f animals des.
The plants used t test this technique aren’t edible at present. Fan hpes t try adding such nutrient-making enzymes t crps ne day. But, Fan cautins, befre using this technique in fruits r vegetables, “we need t be very careful t ensure the safety f vegetarians’ diet.” The plants might adapt t the genes in unexpected ways.
Ideally, he says, his grup culd cme up with a set f instructins fr every amin acid and bst plant levels f these nutrients as well.
12. What is the purpse f Fan’s research?
A. T help bacteria survive.B. T speed up the plant’s grwth.
C. T make plants prduce meaty nutrients.D. T find new enzymes in animal prducts.
13. What can be inferred abut the enzymes?
A. They exist naturally in plants.B. They matter in nutrient prductin.
C. They delay chemical reactins.D. They transfrm genes int nutrients.
14. What des the authr try t illustrate by mentining Leg blcks in paragraph 3?
A. The difficulty in putting genetic instructins.
B. The cmparisn f varius genetic structures.
C. The cmplexity f building genetic structures.
D. The diversity f cmbining genetic instructins.
15. What des the underlined wrd “edible” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Eatable.B. Accessible.C. Nutritius.D. Widespread.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. D 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了浙江大学的范鹏翔团队开展的一项基因研究，该研究通过对植物叶片的基因进行改造，让植物能合成原本仅存在于肉类等动物制品中的营养物质，既有望满足素食者的全面营养需求，还能降低对环境的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“But ur bdies need sme nutrients that can be fund nly in animal prducts, such as meat. Nw, researchers have made changes t the genes in leaves s that plants can make sme f these nutrients. This might ne day let wrldwide vegetarians rely n plants fr the full range f nutrients their bdies need. says Pengxiang Fan (但是我们的身体需要一些仅存在于肉类等动物制品中的营养物质，如今研究人员通过改造植物叶片的基因，让植物能合成这类营养物质。范鹏翔表示，这或许有一天能让全球的素食者仅依靠植物就能获取身体所需的全部营养)”可知，范鹏翔团队开展这项研究的目的，是让植物能够合成原本仅存在于肉类中的营养物质。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“T prduce the animal-type nutrients, plant leaves need enzymes they dn’t nrmally have. Enzymes are prteins that speed up chemical reactins inside living things. In this case, they need enzymes that help turn certain amin acids — the building blcks f prteins— int nutrients nrmally fund nly in meat (植物叶片要合成动物类营养物质，需要其本身并不具备酶，酶是能加速生物体内化学反应的蛋白质，在这项研究中，植物需要这类酶将特定氨基酸转化为原本仅存在于肉类中的营养物质)”可知，酶是植物合成这类特殊营养物质的关键，没有对应的酶，该转化过程就无法完成，由此可推断酶在营养物质的合成过程中起着至关重要的作用。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“The team prepare multiple sets f genetic instructins. The sets differ in which amin acids and nutrients they can make. By cmbining the sets in different ways — like cmbining Leg blcks t build different structures — the instructins wuld allw plants t make different nutrients (该团队准备了多套基因指令，每套指令合成的氨基酸和营养物质各不相同，通过不同的方式组合这些指令，就像拼接乐高积木搭建出不同的造型一样，能让植物合成不同的营养物质)”可知，作者将组合基因指令比作拼接乐高积木，是为了形象地说明基因指令的组合方式具有多样性，不同的组合方式能实现不同的营养合成效果。故选D。
【15题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“The plants used t test this technique aren’t edible at present. Fan hpes t try adding such nutrient-making enzymes t crps ne day (目前用于测试这项技术的植物还并非edible，范希望未来能尝试将这种合成营养物质的酶植入农作物中)”，结合后文提及该技术应用于果蔬前需保障饮食安全可知，现阶段试验用的植物还不能直接用于食用，而研究的后续方向是将技术应用于可食用的农作物，由此可推断“edible”的意思是“可食用的”。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
The first writing was invented in Babyln mre than 5,000 years ag. ___16___ Sn after, peple cut reeds (芦苇) t make dip-pens t use with ink.
Arund 2,500 years ag, peple started using the feather fr writing. N ne knws exactly wh first had the idea. ___17___ They were the main writing tl until metal pens appeared.
In fact, the wrd “pen” cmes frm the Latin penna, meaning “feather”. ___18___ A writing feather has t be specially prepared. S hw d feathers becme pens?
The first step is t cllect a hard feather. Then take a sharp knife and cut the feathery part ff, leaving just a bare tube. Slice the end ff at an angle. At the same time, use a wire r lng needle t clear the stuff inside the stick f the feather. ___19___ Yu still need t cut a small flat end acrss the pinted tip and cut a shrt slit (狭缝) in the end. As yu press the pinted tip dwn n the paper, the slit pens slightly t let ink run dwn. Finally, curve the sides f the cut end and cut the end t a sharp pint. A fresh feather pen is, therefre, ready fr wrds. But users have t cut the pen many times a day, as the tip wears dwn during writing.
___20___ They dn’t mind — they naturally drp their feathers, and grw new nes if any are pulled ut t make pens.
A. Yu can’t just take a feather and dip it in ink.
B. It takes many years t develp a feather int a pen.
C. The feather is naturally empty inside fr hlding ink.
D. But feather pens became especially ppular in Eurpe.
E. The last step is t decide where yu cllect the feathers.
F. Peple there used a little stick t press shapes int sft clay.
G. Mst feather pens are made frm the large flight feathers f birds.
【答案】16. F 17. D 18. A 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了羽毛笔的历史起源、制作工艺及其与鸟类羽毛的自然关系。
【16题详解】
前文“The first writing was invented in Babyln mre than 5,000 years ag. (最早的书写方式是在约5000年前的巴比伦发明的。)”提到最早的书写方式发明的时间，后文“Sn after, peple cut reeds (芦苇) t make dip-pens t use with ink. (不久之后，人们就割取芦苇来制作蘸墨笔，以便与墨水一起使用。)”指出之后书写方式的发展，空处应说明当时使用的具体书写工具，因此F项“Peple there used a little stick t press shapes int sft clay. (那里的人们用小棍子在软黏土上按压出形状。)”符合语境，介绍巴比伦人的书写方式，承接前文，和后文形成时间顺序上的衔接。故选F。
【17题详解】
前文“Arund 2,500 years ag, peple started using the feather fr writing. N ne knws exactly wh first had the idea. (大约在2500年前，人们开始用羽毛来进行书写。没有人确切知道是谁最先产生了这个想法。)”提到人们开始用羽毛进行书写的背景，以及该想法源头不明，后文“They were the main writing tl until metal pens appeared. (在金属钢笔出现之前，它们一直是主要的书写工具。)”指出羽毛笔在一段时期内是主要的书写工具，空处需补充羽毛笔的流行情况，因此D项“But feather pens became especially ppular in Eurpe. (但羽毛笔在欧洲变得特别流行。)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文的发展，其中的feather pens是后文They指代的对象。故选D。
【18题详解】
前文“In fact, the wrd “pen” cmes frm the Latin penna, meaning “feather”. (事实上，“pen”这个词源自拉丁语penna，其含义为“羽毛”。)”解释“pen”一词与羽毛相关，后文“A writing feather has t be specially prepared. (一支书写用的羽毛需要经过专门的处理。)”解释羽毛需特殊处理，空处应补充羽毛无法直接使用，因此A项“Yu can’t just take a feather and dip it in ink. (你不能直接拿一根羽毛蘸墨水。)”符合语境，作为过渡句承前启后。故选A。
【19题详解】
前文“At the same time, use a wire r lng needle t clear the stuff inside the stick f the feather. (同时，用一根金属丝或长针将羽毛内部的杂物清理干净。)”描述清理羽毛内部这一步骤，后文“Yu still need t cut a small flat end acrss the pinted tip and cut a shrt slit (狭缝) in the end. As yu press the pinted tip dwn n the paper, the slit pens slightly t let ink run dwn. (你仍然需要在尖的一端切一个小的平的一端，在末端切一个短的缝。当你把笔尖按在纸上时，狭缝会微微打开，让墨水流下来。)”描述切出短缝以便流出墨水这一步骤，空处应解释羽毛结构特性，因此C项“The feather is naturally empty inside fr hlding ink. (羽毛内部天然中空可储墨。)”符合语境，承接前文的清理，和后文的流出墨水形成因果联系。故选C。
【20题详解】
前文“But users have t cut the pen many times a day, as the tip wears dwn during writing. (但由于笔尖在书写过程中磨损，使用者每天必须削笔多次。)”提到羽毛笔需频繁修剪笔尖，后文“They dn’t mind — they naturally drp their feathers, and grw new nes if any are pulled ut t make pens. (它们并不在意——它们会自然地掉下羽毛，如果有羽毛被拔掉用于制作笔的话，还会重新长出新的羽毛。)”指出鸟类不介意落羽，空处应补充羽毛的来源，因此G项“Mst feather pens are made frm the large flight feathers f birds. (大多数羽毛笔用鸟类的大型飞羽制成。)”符合语境，承接前文的频繁修剪笔尖，引出后文的脱落羽毛。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“Where are we ging, Dad?” Helen asked when putting her dress n. The dress was ___21___, but she culd manage. She didn’t ften spend time with her father these days. He was always ___22___ t make enugh mney t supprt their family.
“We’ll be getting the rent.” Helen’s father started the engine. S that was why he had time fr Helen tday. Befre the ecnmy ___23___, when their family’s stre had still been successful, her father had ___24___ tw huses and rented them as apartments. Helen culdn’t ___25___ where their family wuld be withut that rent.
“But, Dad, if yu sld the ___26___, we’d get mre mney. ” Helen suggested. Her father smiled with a sigh. “Helen, we’d have much mney after that, but what if we ___27___ that mney and the ___28___ was still nt better? And where wuld ur ldgers（租户）that even lack fd mve?” Helen ___29___. That made sense.
Their family was ____30____ frtunate, cmpared t the ldgers wrried abut fd r even ____31____. The rent, thugh lw and smetimes hard t get, was what kept them ging s that all Helen had t wrry abut was her small dress. Her father’s ____32____ was becming understandable because their ldgers needn’t ____33____ t pay fr a different apartment r fr the ____34____ t help them get there. Helen came t realize that they had been given such ____35____ during the time fr the rent.
21. A. tightB. fashinableC. flatyD. expensive
22. A. vlunteeringB. wrkingC. investigatingD. cmpeting
23. A. expandedB. stabilizedC. recveredD. cntracted
24. A. rentedB. dnatedC. purchasedD. emptied
25. A. cnfirmB. imagineC. recmmendD. explain
26. A. stresB. vehiclesC. husesD. fds
27. A. gave awayB. ran ut fC. handed verD. made use f
28. A. prductinB. envirnmentC. cmmunityD. ecnmy
29. A. hesitatedB. arguedC. nddedD. interrupted
30. A. relativelyB. ccasinallyC. hardlyD. temprarily
31. A. shelterB. healthcareC. transprtatinD. travel
32. A. expectatinB. demandC. prmiseD. decisin
33. A. struggleB. pretendC. cnsultD. apply
34. A. gardenersB. mversC. peratrsD. engineers
35. A. pprtunityB. reputatinC. respnsibilityD. bservatin
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述海伦和父亲去收房租，她从中理解父亲不卖房、帮扶租户的善意与担当的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这条裙子有点紧，但她还能穿得上。A. tight紧身的；B. fashinable时尚的；C. flaty轻盈飘逸的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据下文“but she culd manage”的转折关系可知，裙子有点紧，“tight”表示“紧身的”符合语境。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他总是在忙着工作，好挣足够的钱养家糊口。A. vlunteering自愿做；B. wrking工作；C. investigating调查；D. cmpeting竞争。根据下文“t make enugh mney t supprt their family”可知，父亲的状态是忙于工作赚钱。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在经济萎缩之前，他们家的商店生意还很红火，父亲购置了两套房子并把它们租出去当公寓。A. expanded扩张；B. stabilized稳定；C. recvered恢复；D. cntracted收缩。根据下文“when their family’s stre had still been successful”可知，后来经济出现了衰退的情况。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在经济萎缩之前，他们家的商店生意还很红火，父亲购置了两套房子并把它们当公寓当租出去。A. rented租用；B. dnated捐赠；C. purchased购买；D. emptied清空。根据下文“rented them as apartments”可知，父亲先拥有了这两套房子的产权，“purchased”表示“购买”符合语境。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：海伦无法想象，如果没有这笔房租，他们家会变成什么样子。A. cnfirm确认；B. imagine想象；C. recmmend推荐；D. explain解释。根据下文“where their family wuld be withut that rent”可知，这是一种假设的情况，需要用想象来推测结果。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“可是爸爸，要是你把这些房子卖掉，我们就能拿到更多的钱啊。”海伦提议道。A. stres商店；B. vehicles车辆；C. huses房子；D. fds食物。根据上文“her father had purchased tw huses and rented them as apartments”可知，海伦建议卖掉的是父亲买的这两套房子。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：“海伦啊，卖房子之后我们确实能拿到一大笔钱，但要是这笔钱花光了，经济状况还是没有好转，那该怎么办呢？”A. gave away赠送；B. ran ut f用完；C. handed ver移交；D. made use f利用。根据上文“we’d have much mney after that”的转折可知，父亲担忧的是钱花完后的处境。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“海伦啊，卖房子之后我们确实能拿到一大笔钱，但要是这笔钱花光了，经济状况还是没有好转，那该怎么办呢？”。A. prductin生产；B. envirnment环境；C. cmmunity社区；D. ecnmy经济。根据上文“Befre the ecnmy ______”的背景可知，父亲担心的是经济状况没有改善，“ecnmy”表示“经济”符合语境。故选D项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：海伦点了点头。这话很有道理。A. hesitated犹豫；B. argued争论；C. ndded点头；D. interrupted打断。根据下文“That made sense”可知，海伦认同了父亲的说法，点了点头。故选C项。
30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：和那些为食物甚至住处发愁的租户比起来，他们家算是相对幸运的了。A. relatively相对地；B. ccasinally偶尔；C. hardly几乎不；D. temprarily暂时地。根据下文“cmpared t the ldgers wrried abut fd”的对比可知，他们家的处境是相对较好的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：和那些为食物甚至住处发愁的租户比起来，他们家算是相对幸运的了。A. shelter住处；B. healthcare医疗保健；C. transprtatin交通；D. travel旅行。根据上文提到的租户租住在父亲的房子里，以及“wrried abut fd r even”的递进关系可知，租户可能连住处都成问题。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲的这个决定逐渐变得可以理解了，因为这样一来，他们的租户就不用费力去另找公寓，也不用花钱雇搬运工帮他们搬家了。A.expectatin期待；B.demand要求；C.prmise承诺；D.decisin决定。根据上文父亲拒绝卖掉房子的想法可知，这是父亲做出的一个决定，“decisin”表示“决定”符合语境。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲的这个决定逐渐变得可以理解了，因为这样一来，他们的租户就不用费力去另找公寓，也不用花钱雇搬运工帮他们搬家了。A. struggle费力；B. pretend假装；C. cnsult咨询；D. apply申请。根据下文“t pay fr a different apartment”可知，对于经济困难的租户来说，另找公寓是一件费力的事。故选A项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：父亲的这个决定逐渐变得可以理解了，因为这样一来，他们的租户就不用费力去另找公寓，也不用花钱雇搬运工帮他们搬家了。A. gardeners园丁；B. mvers搬运工；C. peratrs操作员；D. engineers工程师。根据下文“t help them get there”可知，需要雇人来帮忙搬运物品。故选B项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：海伦渐渐意识到，在收房租的这段日子里，他们其实肩负着一份这样的责任。A. pprtunity机会；B. reputatin名声；C. respnsibility责任；D. bservatin观察。根据上文父亲不卖房子是为了帮扶租户可知，海伦意识到他们家的行为承载着对租户的一份责任。故选C项。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China displayed an amazing military parade (阅兵) n September 3, 2025. As all kinds f military equipment made the first ___36___ (appear) in public, netizens jked that “all the Chinese are turning int military fans”. “Made in China” and “main battle equipment” — these were n dubt the key wrds fr the military equipment n parade with ur natin’s strategic prperty ___37___ (dminate) the entire scene.
The cnfidence f ur great cuntry cmes frm the “nuclear”. The mment f the DF-61 appeared, it quickly sht t the tp f trending ___38___ (search). The DF-5C ___39___ (describe) as the “ace (王牌) f aces” in the calmest tne f the cmmentatr that delivered the mst exciting line: “Its strike range cvers the entire glbe. It is ___40___ alert all the time, prvides effective deterrence (威慑), uses strength t secure peace, and anchrs the balance f the wrld.”
Als drawing attentin n site ___41___ (be) sme f the new-dmain, new-type frces ___42___ lks left many netizens wndering if they had stepped int the future, remarking that “military equipment frm science fictin films has entered reality”.
What peple witnessed n ___43___ big day was nt nly the brilliant military parade but als the inspiring image f a natin that has risen steadily, grwn prsperus and becme ___44___ (pwer). “May we meet again when China rises in the wrld.” The dream Premier Zhu Enlai penned years ag is ____45____ (undubted) becming a fact.
【答案】36. appearance
37. dminating
38. searches
39. was described
40. n 41. were
42. whse 43. the
44. pwerful
45. undubtedly
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了2025年9月3日中国举行的盛大阅兵仪式，各类新式军事装备首次公开亮相引发民众热议，着重介绍了东风-61、东风-5C等战略武器的震撼表现，以及新域新质作战力量带来的未来感，展现了国家的军事实力与民族自信。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：随着各类军事装备首次公开亮相，网友调侃道“全中国人民都变成了军事迷”。分析句子结构可知，此处位于序数词first后，且被形容词修饰，需用名词作made的宾语，appear的名词形式是appearance，意为“出现；亮相”，为不可数名词。故填appearance。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国制造和主战装备无疑是此次阅兵装备的关键词，我国的战略武器成为全场焦点。分析句子结构可知，此处为with的复合结构，宾语ur natin’s strategic prperty与dminate之间是主动关系，需用现在分词作宾语补足语，表主动和进行。故填dminating。
【38题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：东风-61亮相的那一刻，迅速登上热搜榜首。trending searches是固定搭配，意为“热搜”，作宾语，search此处为可数名词，结合语境需用复数形式表泛指。故填searches。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：解说员用最沉稳的语气将东风-5C形容为“王牌中的王牌”，并说出了最振奋人心的一句话：“其打击范围覆盖全球，时刻处于戒备状态，提供有效威慑，以实力捍卫和平，维系世界平衡。”根据语境，此处描述的是阅兵当时发生的动作，需用一般过去时；主语The DF-5C与describe之间是被动关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was described。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：解说员用最沉稳的语气将东风-5C形容为“王牌中的王牌”，并说出了最振奋人心的一句话：“其打击范围覆盖全球，时刻处于戒备状态，提供有效威慑，以实力捍卫和平，维系世界平衡。”n alert是固定搭配，意为“处于戒备状态”，作表语。故填n。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：现场同样引人注目的还有部分新域新质作战力量，其外观让不少网友惊叹仿佛置身未来，纷纷表示“科幻电影里的军事装备走进了现实”。分析句子结构可知，此处为倒装句，主语是sme f the new-dmain, new-type frces，为复数，结合语境描述的是过去的情况，需用一般过去时，be动词用were。故填were。
【42题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：现场同样引人注目的还有部分新域新质作战力量，其外观让不少网友惊叹仿佛置身未来，纷纷表示“科幻电影里的军事装备走进了现实”。先行词是sme f the new-dmain, new-type frces，指物，空处引导定语从句且在从句中作定语，修饰lks，需用关系代词whse。故填whse。
【43题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在这个重要的日子里，人们目睹的不仅是一场精彩绝伦的阅兵仪式，更是一个稳步崛起、繁荣发展、日益强大的国家的振奋形象。此处特指2025年9月3日这个举行阅兵的重要日子，需用定冠词the表特指。故填the。
【44题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在这个重要的日子里，人们目睹的不仅是一场精彩绝伦的阅兵仪式，更是一个稳步崛起、繁荣发展、日益强大的国家的振奋形象。此处与risen、grwn prsperus并列，作系动词becme的表语，需用pwer的形容词形式pwerful，意为“强大的”。故填pwerful。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：周恩来总理多年前写下的梦想“愿相会于中华腾飞世界时”无疑正在成为现实。此处修饰动词becming，需用副词作状语，undubted的副词形式是undubtedly，意为“无疑地”。故填undubtedly。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 下节英语课上，你班开展项目式学习话题讨论（在设计理想的书房和理想的教室中选择一个）。请你写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
（1）选择理由；
（2）设计想法。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear teacher and fellw students,
It’s interesting fr us t design ur dream classrm and dream study.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear teacher and fellw students,
It’s interesting fr us t design ur dream classrm and dream study. I prefer t design an ideal classrm because it’s where we spend mst f ur schl time, and a cmfrtable envirnment can bst ur learning enthusiasm.
My design includes sft lighting and flexible desks t suit grup discussins and independent study. I’ll add a small bkshelf with varius bks and sme green plants t freshen the air. Besides, a multimedia screen will make lessns mre vivid. I believe this classrm will make learning enjyable, which will make ur study experience mre pleasant.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生在英语课项目式学习讨论中发言，选择设计理想教室并说明理由与设计想法。
【详解】词汇积累
提升：bst→imprve/enhance
灵活的：flexible→adjustable
热情：enthusiasm→passin
令人愉快的：pleasant→enjyable
句式拓展
同义句替换
原句：I’ll add a small bkshelf with varius bks and sme green plants t freshen the air.
拓展句：I’ll add a small bkshelf with varius bks and sme green plants s that they can freshen the air.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I prefer t design an ideal classrm because it’s where we spend mst f ur schl time, and a cmfrtable envirnment can bst ur learning enthusiasm.（运用because引导原因状语从句，where引导表语从句）
【高分句型2】My design includes sft lighting and flexible desks t suit grup discussins and independent study.（运用不定式短语t suit...作目的状语）
【高分句型3】I believe this classrm will make learning enjyable, which will make ur study experience mre pleasant.（运用which引导的非限制性定语从句）
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There was a knck at the dr. It was a delivery man. “Sign here, please,” he said. I signed. “It’s fr yu,” he added, and handed me an elephant. Never had I rdered an elephant, never in my wildest dreams. And he culdn’t be ne f thse prizes I had wn in a cntest, because I had never gt invlved in thse. But the elephant was addressed crrectly, and the shipping charges had been paid in full.
“Is this a shipping errr? And I dn’t want him,” I said, but the delivery man was firm: I had signed; the elephant was mine. I had t keep him.
And s began my life with the elephant. The first few days I kept him in the apartment, but it was hard fr him t get up and dwn the stairs when he needed a breath f air and he culdn’t fit in the elevatr. Besides, he tk up the rest f my dining rm.
Then I tried putting him in the garage f the building, but ther neighbrs cmplained. Each was allwed ne parking space. I had t chse between my car and the elephant. S I parked the elephant in the garage and left my car ut n the street.
I did nt have enugh mney t buy gas and fifty punds f fd a day fr the elephant, s I began driving the elephant t wrk in the mrning. He was mst kind, and, as it turned ut, much faster and mre cmfrtable than a bus.
I utfitted him with an elegant blanket, but even s, the first few days I was embarrassed when I went ut with him. Everyne pinted at me. Many peple laughed. “Lk at that crazy man with the elephant,” they said. And the traffic plice gave me such dirty lks that I was ashamed. I wuld leave the elephant in the ffice parking lt, and then pick him up at the end f the day. He always waited fr me patiently, withut cmplaining.
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Being clever, gd-natured and very handsme, he became my best friend sn.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
It was the mst enjyable time f my life, but unfrtunately it had t end.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Being clever, gd-natured and very handsme, he became my best friend sn. He understd my wrds and wuld nudge my hand gently when he wanted a treat. On weekends, we walked in the park, where kids lved t pat his sft ears and feed him fruit. Strangers n lnger laughed; instead, they waved and smiled at us. He even cheered me up when I was tired frm wrk, wrapping his trunk arund me like a warm hug. We shared every mment, and the awkwardness I felt at first faded int pure jy.
It was the mst enjyable time f my life, but unfrtunately it had t end. One day, a letter arrived saying the elephant was a gift fr a z nearby, sent by mistake. The zkeepers came t take him, and my eyes filled with tears. He nuzzled my cheek, as if saying gdbye. Thugh I was sad, I knew he’d have a bigger hme with ther elephants. Later, I visited him every week, and he’d always run t the fence t greet me. Our unexpected friendship taught me that jy can cme frm the mst surprising places.
【解析】
【导语】本文以大象相伴为线索，讲述了“我”莫名收到一头大象，历经将其安置在公寓、车库的种种麻烦，最终带着它上班，从最初的尴尬到逐渐习惯与大象相处的奇妙经历。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
① 由第一段首句“它聪明、温顺又十分好看，很快就成了我最好的朋友。”可知，本段可聚焦“我”与大象的友谊升温，通过“大象能听懂指令、公园中受孩子喜爱、陌生人态度转变、安慰疲惫的我”等细节，展现大象的可爱与贴心，与前文“我”的尴尬、无奈形成鲜明对比，体现“我”对大象的情感变化，为下文分离的不舍做情感铺垫，呼应原文中大象温顺的性格特点。
② 由第二段首句“那是我一生中最快乐的时光，但遗憾的是，这份美好终究要结束。”可知，本段围绕大象的离开与这段友谊的意义展开，通过“收到信件得知是送错的动物园礼物、与大象不舍告别、每周去探望”的情节，完成从“相伴”到“分离”的情节过渡；以“我”的感悟（快乐往往来自最意外的瞬间）升华主题，完成从“意外接收的麻烦”到“珍贵友谊”的情感闭环。
2. 续写线索：大象成为“我”的挚友——大象贴心陪伴、公园受喜爱、陌生人改观——“我”收获满满快乐——收到信件得知大象是送错的礼物——与大象不舍告别——“我”每周探望——领悟意外相遇的美好意义
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①轻推：nudge/push gently
②欢呼；安慰：cheer up/cmfrt
③包裹：wrap/enfld
④到达：arrive/reach
⑤轻蹭：nuzzle/rub gently
情感类
①喜悦：jy/happiness
②悲伤：sad/srrwful
【点睛】[高分句型1] On weekends, we walked in the park, where kids lved t pat his sft ears and feed him fruit.（运用where引导的非限制性定语从句修饰park）Educate Ourselves
Firstly we have t be aware f cmmnly used emtinal and psychlgical strategies. Fr example, sme advertisements may feature friends having an enjyable time at a cafeteria, making us think that ging there is a gd way t have fun with friends. It appeals t ur need fr happiness and fun.
Avid Emtinal Buys
When we cme acrss an advertisement fr smething attractive, we may feel frced t buy it immediately, especially if it is an nline purchase that invlves a quick click and a cashless deal. Hwever, it's crucial t resist the urge t act withut thinking carefully.
Questin the Message
The next step is t assess whether the advertisement's cre message is reasnable. In the cafeteria example, we wuld need t questin the message that eating at a particular cafeteria with friends is equal t happiness. What is it abut the place that makes us happy? Is having fun with friends there the nly way t gain happiness? We will then be frced t distinguish between facts and pinins.