广东省深圳市高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析）

这是一份广东省深圳市高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（Word版附解析），文件包含广东省深圳高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题原卷版docx、广东省深圳高级中学2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含解析docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共37页， 欢迎下载使用。
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。需改动用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将答题卡收回。考试时间120分钟，满分130分。
第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
A Travel Guide
Whether yu’ re travelling t the islands r the muntains f Thailand, yu’ re likely t spend at least ne night in its capital city n the way. Bangkk might be nisy and plluted but it’s als an exciting city with plenty f things t see and d. Why nt make it a lnger stay?
Where t stay
The Kha San Rad was a famus traveller spt even befre Lenard DiCapri’s character in the film The Beach stayed there. But it’s nisy, nt very pretty and nt very Thai. Fr smething mre authentic, Phra Kanng ffers an alternative place t stay, with its fantastic street markets where everyday Bangkk peple eat, wrk and live. It’s nt as cnvenient fr the main turist sites, but it has a Skytrain statin s yu can be at the Grand Palace in 20 minutes.
Hw t get arund
Bangkk’s traffic can be a nightmare. Sure, yu can easily take a taxi — if yu want t spend hurs stuck in traffic jams — but there are tw much better ways t get arund the city. T explre the temples and histrical sites, catch an express bat river taxi r a lng-tail bat alng the Cha Phraya river and the canals. Fr the mdern part f the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way t travel frm the river t the shpping malls and nightlife f Sukhumvit, and the famus Chatuchak street market.
Where t eat
The simple answer is: everywhere! Thai street fd is amng the best in the wrld, and fr arund $5 yu can eat a filling and delicius meal. Sme fd stands have little plastic seats where yu can sit and eat and they ck the same dish ver and ver, like fried chicken n rice r Pad Thai ndles. Head fr Chinatwn — Yawarat Street — and chse whatever lks mst interesting frm the many excellent Chinese and Thai restaurants and fd stands.
What t d
After yu’ve seen the main sites like the Giant Buddha at the temple f WatPh and the spectacular Grand Palace, and shpped at Chatuchak market, check ut the snake farm and watch the live snake shw. Yu can even tuch a snake yurself if yu want t!
1. What can we knw abut accmmdatin in Bangkk?
A. Kha San Rad is well-knwn fr its cmfrtable living cnditins.
B. Phra Kanng prvides an authentic Thai living experience.
C. Areas clse t turist sites generally have nise prblems.
D. The accmmdatin near the Skytrain statins is insufficient.
2. What is the mst efficient way t reach mdern shpping areas?
A. Taking taxis.B. Catching an express bat.
C. Taking the Skytrain.D. Catching a lng-tail bat.
3. Based n the text, which ne f the fllwing culd be the best advice fr traveling Bangkk?
A. One night is enugh t fully experience Bangkk.
B. Avid express bat river taxis as they ften get yu stuck in traffic.
C. Select dining places carefully since nt all are f gd quality.
D. Try t explre Bangkk’s diverse spts fr fun.
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了泰国首都曼谷的旅游信息，包括住宿地点、交通方式、美食以及旅游景点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Where t stay部分中“Fr smething mre authentic, Phra Kanng ffers an alternative place t stay, with its fantastic street markets where everyday Bangkk peple eat, wrk and live.(想要更地道的体验，Phra Kanng提供了另一个住宿选择，那里有很棒的街头市场，曼谷的普通民众在这里吃饭、工作和生活)”可知，Phra Kanng能提供真实的泰国生活体验。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Hw t get arund部分中“Fr the mdern part f the city, the Skytrain is a fast, cheap way t travel frm the river t the shpping malls and nightlife f Sukhumvit, and the famus Chatuchak street market.(对于城市的现代化区域，乘坐轻轨是一种快速、廉价的出行方式，可以从河边前往素坤逸的购物中心、夜生活区以及著名的乍都乍周末市场)”可知，到达现代化购物区域最有效的方式是乘坐轻轨。故选C项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Bangkk might be nisy and plluted but it’s als an exciting city with plenty f things t see and d. Why nt make it a lnger stay?(曼谷可能吵闹且污染严重，但它也是一座充满活力的城市，有很多值得看和做的事情。为什么不延长逗留时间呢？)”以及全文对曼谷的介绍可知，曼谷有很多值得探索的地方，如寺庙、市场、蛇园等，因此最好的旅行建议是尽量探索曼谷多样化的景点以获得乐趣。故选D项。
B
The cld nrthern wind here in the streets f Petersburg strengthens my nerves and fills me with delight. I cannt think f the Ple as cld and empty; in my imaginatin it is a regin f beauty and delight. Wh knws what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there? I shall satisfy my curisity with the sight f an unknwn part f the wrld, and walk where n man has befre. Thinking f it, I feel the same jy a child feels when he sails his little bat n a vyage f discvery up his native river.
This vyage was the favrite dream f my early years. My educatin was neglected, yet I was passinately fnd f reading. Uncle Thmas’s library cntained nly bks abut explratin, which I read day and night. Finally, my thughts cme t the idea f making a vyage f discvery.
Six years have passed since I decided n the present vyage. I can, even nw, remember the hur when I cmmitted myself t this great enterprise. I began by making my bdy used t hardship. I went n whale hunting vyages t the Nrth Sea; I vluntarily endured cld, hunger, thirst, and lack f sleep. I ften wrked harder than the cmmn sailrs during the day. Then, at nights, I studied mathematics, the thery f medicine, and sciences f practical imprtance fr a sea-ging adventurer. Twice I tk jbs as an fficer n a Greenland whaling ship. I felt a little prud when my captain asked me t remain with the ship, s valuable did he cnsider my services. And nw, d I nt deserve t achieve sme great task? My life might have been passed in ease and cmfrt, but I preferred glry t every pleasure that wealth placed in my path.
4. What des the authr think f the Ple?
A. It reminds him f his childhd.
B. It must be a regin full f surprises.
C. It wuld fulfil his dream f being an adventurer.
D. It’s t cld a destinatin with almst nthing.
5. What des the bld-lettered wrd “enterprise” in the last paragraph mean?
A. career.B. adventure.C. business.D. service.
6. T realize his childhd dream, the authr gt .
A. physically prepared by experiencing great suffering
B. spiritually prepared by gaining his captain’s recgnitin
C. academically prepared by reading bks n explratin
D. financially prepared by serving n a whale hunting ship
7. Accrding t the text, the authr is definitely a persn full f .
A. curageB. fancyC. prideD. perseverance
【答案】4. B 5. B 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了实现儿时去极地探险的梦想，多年来做的一系列准备工作，包括身体和精神上的准备。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“I cannt think f the Ple as cld and empty; in my imaginatin it is a regin f beauty and delight. Wh knws what strange landscapes and creatures we may find there?(我无法将极地想象成寒冷而空旷的地方；在我的想象中，它是一个美丽而令人愉悦的地方。谁知道我们在那里会发现什么奇怪的风景和生物呢?)”可知，作者认为极地一定是一个充满惊喜的地方。故选B项。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据加粗单词前文“Six years have passed since I decided n the present vyage.(自从我决定这次航行以来，已经六年过去了)”和后文“I began by making my bdy used t hardship. I went n whale hunting vyages t the Nrth Sea; I vluntarily endured cld, hunger, thirst, and lack f sleep.(我从让自己的身体适应艰苦开始。我去了北海捕鲸；我自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴和缺乏睡眠)”可知，作者为了去极地探险，开始做各种准备，让自己适应艰苦的环境，由此推知，加粗单词enterprise指的是“去极地探险”，与B项adventure同义。故选B项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“I began by making my bdy used t hardship. I went n whale hunting vyages t the Nrth Sea; I vluntarily endured cld, hunger, thirst, and lack f sleep. I ften wrked harder than the cmmn sailrs during the day.(我从让自己的身体适应艰苦开始。我去了北海捕鲸；我自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴和缺乏睡眠。白天我常常比普通水手工作得更努力)”可知，为了实现儿时的梦想，作者通过经历巨大的痛苦来做身体上的准备。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Six years have passed since I decided n the present vyage.(自从我决定这次航行以来，六年已经过去了)”以及“I began by making my bdy used t hardship. I went n whale hunting vyages t the Nrth Sea; I vluntarily endured cld, hunger, thirst, and lack f sleep.(我从让自己的身体适应艰苦开始。我去了北海捕鲸；我自愿忍受寒冷、饥饿、口渴和缺乏睡眠)”可推知，作者为了去极地探险，六年来一直在做准备，包括让身体适应艰苦的环境，由此可见，作者是一个充满毅力的人。故选D项。
C
In 1960, Duglas McGregr, a prfessr at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy, intrduced Thery X and Thery Y in his bk The Human Side f Enterprise. He held that when it cmes t mtivating emplyees, specific assumptins abut human nature must be factred in.
Thery X assumes that the average persn naturally dislikes wrk and will avid it whenever pssible. It als suggests that mst peple are easily influenced, nt very intelligent, resist change, avid respnsibility, and priritize persnal security ver rganizatinal gals while being self-centred. Based n these, management is tasked with rganizing all elements f a prductive cmpany. They must direct emplyees, mtivate them thrugh rewards and punishments, and tightly cntrl their actins. This traditinal apprach ften leads t autcratic (独断的) leadership within rganizatins. Fr instance, emplyees are clsely supervised, and decisins are made frm the tp-dwn with little input frm the wrkfrce.
McGregr, nticing the shrtcmings f Thery X, came up with Thery Y. This thery suggests that under favrable wrking cnditins, wrk can be as natural as relaxatin. Peple, when cmmitted, can exercise self-cntrl and self-directin. They are willing t take n respnsibility and are brimming with imaginatin and creativity. Organizatins that fllw Thery Y typically feature decentralized authrity, tw-way cmmunicatin systems, and participative leadership. In such wrkplaces, emplyees are given mre autnmy, like being invlved in decisin-making prcesses that affect their wrk.
These tw theries have been significant in crystallizing the findings f the Hawthrne Experiments. Hwever, they have faced criticism. They tend t versimplify human nature and managerial styles, wrngly assuming that the jb itself is the sle key t mtivatin. Als, Thery Y can seem verly idealistic. In the real wrld, nt every jb can be made internally rewarding, and sme level f external directin is ften necessary. In the end, neither thery suits all situatins. A cmbinatin f bth, knwn as the cntingency apprach, is the mst fitting fr diverse rganizatinal scenaris. This apprach allws managers t adapt their mtivatinal strategies based n the specific cntext, emplyee characteristics, and the nature f the tasks at hand.
8. Which f the fllwing assumptins may cme frm Thery X?
A. Peple are eager fr jb variety.B. Peple dislike t wrk by nature.
C. Peple cnstantly seek t change.D. Peple are always cperative.
9. What’s likely t happen in a cmpany that fllws Thery Y?
A. Wrkers help plan their wn wrk.
B. There are strict rules fr everything they d.
C. Wrkers are pushed by the fear f lsing their jbs.
D. Bsses tell wrkers what t d fr every task.
10. Accrding t the text, what is NOT a reasn t criticize McGregr’s theries?
A. They assume that all emplyees respnd identically t mtivatin.
B. They paint a simplistic picture f hw peple think and act at wrk.
C. They set an unrealistic standard fr what makes a jb engaging.
D. They fail t accunt fr the need fr sme leadership guidance.
11. What’s the main idea f the last paragraph?
A. A certain thery can fix prblems in big cmpanies.
B. Knwing these theries helps with emplyees’ ffice wrk.
C. A mix f the theries shuld be used depending n the situatin.
D. Getting emplyees mtivated is very imprtant fr a cmpany’s success.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了道格拉斯·麦格雷戈的X理论和Y理论，分别讲述了两种理论种员工对工作的看法和做法。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Thery X assumes that the average persn naturally dislikes wrk and will avid it whenever pssible.(X理论认为，普通人天生不喜欢工作，只要有可能就会逃避工作)”可知，人们天生不喜欢工作的假设可能来自X理论。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“McGregr, nticing the shrtcmings f Thery X, came up with Thery Y. This thery suggests that under favrable wrking cnditins, wrk can be as natural as relaxatin. Peple, when cmmitted, can exercise self-cntrl and self-directin.(麦格雷戈注意到X理论的缺陷，提出了Y理论。该理论认为，在有利的工作条件下，工作可以像放松一样自然。当人们做出承诺时，他们可以进行自我控制和自我指导)”可知，遵循Y理论的公司，工人帮助计划自己的工作。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“They tend t versimplify human nature and managerial styles, wrngly assuming that the jb itself is the sle key t mtivatin.(他们倾向于过度简化人性和管理风格，错误地认为工作本身是激励的唯一关键)”可知，B选项“他们描绘了一幅人们在工作中如何思考和行动的简单画面”属于理由；以及“In the real wrld, nt every jb can be made internally rewarding, and sme level f external directin is ften necessary.(在现实世界中，并不是每一份工作都能从内部获得回报，某种程度的外部指导往往是必要的)”可知，说明了C选项“他们为工作的吸引力设定了一个不切实际的标准”以及D选项“他们没有考虑到需要一些领导指导”，属于理由，故A选项“他们认为所有员工对激励的反应都是一样的”不是批评麦格雷戈理论的理由。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“In the end, neither thery suits all situatins. A cmbinatin f bth, knwn as the cntingency apprach, is the mst fitting fr diverse rganizatinal scenaris. This apprach allws managers t adapt their mtivatinal strategies based n the specific cntext, emplyee characteristics, and the nature f the tasks at hand.(最后，这两种理论都不适用于所有情况。两者的结合，称为权变方法，最适合于不同的组织场景。这种方法允许管理者根据具体的环境、员工的特点和手头任务的性质来调整他们的激励策略)”可知，最后一段的主旨是应根据具体情况综合运用这些理论。故选C。
D
The technlgy fr speech-recgnitin systems has advanced greatly since its appearance in the1950s. Many vice systems can understand the language when spken at a nrmal cnversatinal rate. But even the advanced human-machine interfaces (人机交互) used tday are unable t trick the listeners int thinking a cmputer is a human. Why is this? Simply put, it’s because human beings rely n mre than wrds t cnvey ideas r interpret messages, such as tnes, facial expressins, bdy mvements, and bjects in the wrld arund them.
One significant recent achievement in the field f talking cmputers is virtual persnal assistants(VPAs) n mbile phnes. If yu tell a mbile phne VPA that yu want t schedule a lunch with a friend, it can set the appintment in yur phne in secnds. The VPA can als hld a basic “cnversatin” and has earned fame fr its elementary sense f humur. Still, the humur is preprgrammed and can be triggered nly when human users speak certain key wrds.
While the ptential fr “real” cmmunicatin between a human and a machine may seem exciting, this pssibility cncerns sme peple. Sme experts wrry abut peple’s attachment t these machines and fear that the art f successful human-t-human cnversatin will be undevelped in yunger generatins. They wrry that peple wn’t be able t display the right emtin r tne in cnversatins because they haven’t been practising thse skills. Others fear that machines will take ver functins that were traditinally perfrmed by humans, such as custmer service. Anther cncern ften assciated with the develpment f new technlgy is the invasin f privacy (侵犯隐私). When peple use certain speech-recgnitin applicatins, they leave behind an audi track f their speech. When yu ask a VPA fr directins, yur speech is sent and saved t a remte server fr prcessing. This digital trail may lead t data mining, r the cllectin f large quantities f persnal data.
Fr nw, hwever, the cntinuing evlutin f speech-recgnitin sftware is wrth expecting. Leading cmpanies in the field hpe t make human cmmunicatin with machines as seamless as pssible, just like cmmunicating with anther human.
12. Accrding t the text, what can a VPA d?
A. Entertain users with its riginal jkes.B. Enable peple t regard it as a human.
C. Hld preprgrammed cnversatins.D. Display the right tnes in cnversatins.
13. Which situatin reflects the cncerns mentined in the text?
A. One VPA service was priced higher fr prtecting users’ privacy.
B. An airline bre high csts fr applying VPAs t its nline service.
C An app failed t ffer the right directin when given spken instructins.
D. Sme teenagers became mre scially awkward due t the addictin t VPAs.
14. What is the purpse f the text?
A. T infrm readers f the duble-edged quality f a new technlgy.
B. T inspire readers t explre the future f a new technlgy.
C. T prmte the applicatin f a new technlgy.
D. T stress the cnvenience f a new technlgy.
15. What might be the best title f the text?
A. The wrries ver VPAs.B. Listening t“a real persn”.
C. The wrld f technlgy.D. Talking t technlgy.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Still, the humur is preprgrammed and can be triggered nly when human users speak certain key wrds.(尽管如此，幽默是预先编程的，只有当人类用户说出某些关键词时才会被触发。)”可知，VPA可以进行预先编程的对话。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Sme experts wrry abut peple’s attachment t these machines and fear that the art f successful human-t-human cnversatin will be undevelped in yunger generatins. They wrry that peple wn’t be able t display the right emtin r tne in cnversatins because they haven’t been practising thse skills.(一些专家担心人们对这些机器的依赖，并担心年轻一代不会发展成功的人际交流技巧。他们担心人们在对话中无法表现出正确的情绪或语气，因为他们一直没有练习这些技能。)”可知，文中提到的担忧是人们过于依赖VPA而导致社交技能退化。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是告知读者一项新技术的双刃剑特性。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要围绕语音识别系统和虚拟个人助手（VPA）展开，讨论了人与机器之间的“真实”交流的可能性及其带来的担忧。选项D“与技术对话”直接概括了文章的核心内容。故选D。
第二节 (共5 小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Talking with yur dctr
Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better and gives yur dctr the infrmatin she r he needs t give yu the best care. Dn't be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu.____16____
●Stay psitive.
G t yur dctr's visits with a gd attitude.____17____Think teamwrk! Think psitive!
●Keep track f hw yu are feeling.
____18____This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms（症状）and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu've felt that way.
●____19____
Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic（过敏）t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.
●Ask questins.
D nt be afraid t ask yur dctr any questins yu have. T remember all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment.____20____Remember—there's n such thing as a stupid questin. If yu dn't understand the answer t a questin, ask the dctr t explain it again until yu d understand.
A. This will make getting answers easier.
B. Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.
C. Yu can talk t anther dctr if the treatments dn't wrk.
D. Befre yur dctr's visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.
E. Remember, yur dctr and ther caregivers are n yur side.
F. Bring yur medical histry, including a list f yur current medicines.
G. Writing dwn what the dctr says will help yu remember imprtant infrmatin.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇应用文，文章讲述了与医生谈话的几个小建议。
【16题详解】
根据文章第一段“Talking freely with yur dctr can make yu feel better and gives yur dctr the infrmatin she r he needs t give yu the best care. Dn't be afraid r embarrassed t discuss smething that is bthering yu.”可知，与你的医生畅所欲言可以让你感觉好些，并向你的医生提供她或他需要的信息，以便为你提供最好的护理。不要害怕或尴尬地讨论困扰你的事情。再结合下文为几条具体的建议，所以B项：Here are sme tips fr talking with yur dctr.（这里有一些与你的医生交谈的小建议。）符合题意，为顺承关系，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据文章第二段“teamwrk!”意为团队可知，E项：Remember, yur dctr and ther caregivers are n yur side.（记住，你的医生和其他护理人员都站在你这边。）与此呼应，故选E。
【18题详解】
根据文章“This will make it easier fr yu t answer questins abut yur symptms（症状）and hw medicines make yu feel. It als makes it easier fr yu t bring up anything that yu are wrried abut. Make sure t be hnest abut hw yu feel and hw lng yu've felt that way.”可知，这将使你更容易回答关于你的症状和药物让你感觉如何的问题。这也让你更容易提出你担心的任何事情。一定要诚实地说出你的感受，以及你这种感觉持续了多久。由此可知，这都是在讲感受，故D项：Befre yur dctr's visit, keep ntes n hw yu are feeling.（在你的医生来之前，记下你的感受。）与之呼应，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据文章“Yur medical histry is a list f yur illnesses, treatments, what the dctrs tld yu t d, and anything else yu think yur dctr shuld knw. Als, if yu are allergic（过敏）t any medicines, be sure t mentin that t yur dctr.”可知，你病史是你的疾病，治疗，医生告诉你做什么，以及你认为你的医生应该知道的任何事情的清单。如果你有过敏的话，你也要提一下。因此可知看出，这是关于病史和清单的，故F项：Bring yur medical histry, including a list f yur current medicines.（带上你的病史，包括你目前的药物清单。）符合题意，相呼应，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据文章“D nt be afraid t ask yur dctr any questins yu have. T remember all the questins yu have when yu are nt in the dctr's ffice, write them dwn and bring the list with yu t yur appintment.”可知，不要害怕问你医生你有的任何问题。当你不在医生办公室时，为了记住你的所有问题，把它们写下来，并带着清单去你的预约。以及“Remember—there's n such thing as a stupid questin. If yu dn't understand the answer t a questin, ask the dctr t explain it again until yu d understand.”可知，记住，没有什么愚蠢的问题。如果你不明白问题的答案，请医生再解释一遍，直到你明白为止。因此中间缺少过渡句，故A项：This will make getting answers easier.（这将使获得答案更容易。）正好可以连接两句，故选A。
第二部分 完形填空 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
“If after the first 50 pages f a bk yu dn’t get engaged, yu’ re allwed t stp reading and try again later when yu feel ready fr it,” my father tld me.
My father hlds this ___21___ respnsible fr his lifelng lve f literature. As a busy laburer, he has regarded reading bks as an almst sacred ___22___ . He feels a strng, perhaps, irresistible ____23____ t read frequently and a lt.
I dn’t think my father ____24____ t hand the advice dwn t me. He’s nt the srt t give advice and I’m nt the srt t ____25____ it. But I find it’s because the advice is delivered _____26_____ that it is mst likely t be listened t.
I like this advice “reading first 50 pages”, fr the genersity and respect it extends t a bk’s ____27____ and his r her craft. A reader, it suggests, needs a little ____28____ t adapt t a bk’s particular tne and vice. Meanwhile, this advice gives a persn permissin t ____29____ reading. Nbdy, it implies, need frce themselves t struggle thrugh a bk they’re nt ___30___ .
I particularly like the ___31___ advice t return t a bk “when yu feel ready fr it.” It’s a ___32___ that reading is naturally relatinal and that the readers need time.
Even when I’m mre than ready t stp reading by page 50, ___33___ the exercise feels wrth ding. Just like stpping swimming halfway makes the muscles in my legs ache ____34____ it uses them in a different way frm cycling. But in bth cases, it’s a satisfying kind f hurt because it’s a ____35____ f getting strnger.
21. A. warningB. adviceC. guaranteeD. request
22. A. debateB. prtestC. begD. escape
23. A. trendB. viewC. urgeD. influence
24. A. daredB. frgtC. hesitatedD. intended
25. A. askB. writeC. drpD. supprt
26. A. safelyB. quicklyC. indirectlyD. persnally
27. A. readerB. authrC. criticD. publisher
28. A. patienceB. luckC. helpD. grace
29. A. finishB. teachC. lveD. stp
30. A. referring tB. talking abutC. cnnecting withD. cmmenting n
31. A. gentleB. strngC. cmmnD. timely
32. A. dutyB. recgnitinC. pityD. wnder
33. A. thusB. justC. thenD. still
34. A. unlessB. becauseC. nceD. befre
35. A. signB. ruleC. questinD. gal
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要介绍了作者喜欢阅读，他告诉作者“如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试”，作者很喜欢这一建议，并就这一建议表达了自己的看法。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我父亲认为这个建议对他一生对文学的热爱负有责任。A. warning警告；B. advice建议；C. guarantee保证；D. request要求。由上文““If after the first 50 pages f a bk yu dn’t get engaged, yu’ re allwed t stp reading and try again later when yu feel ready fr it,” my father tld me.”可知，此处指父亲给作者的这一建议——如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试，下文“hand the advice dwn t me”也是提示，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名忙碌的劳动者，他认为阅读书几乎是神圣的暂时解脱。A. debate争论；B. prtest抗议；C. beg乞求；D. escape暂时解脱。由上文“As a busy laburer, he has regarded reading bks as an almst sacred”可知，父亲作为一名劳动者，阅读能让他暂时摆脱劳动，故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他感到一种强烈的，也许是不可抗拒的经常阅读的冲动。A. trend趋势；B. view景色；C. urge冲动；D. influence影响。由上文“My father hlds this______ respnsible fr his lifelng lve f literature.”可知，作者热爱阅读，所以他会感到有强烈的阅读的冲动，故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不认为我父亲打算把这个建议传给我。A. dared敢；B. frgt忘记；C. hesitated犹豫；D. intended打算。由下文“He’s nt the srt t give advice”可知，父亲并不打算给作者这个建议，故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他不是那种会提供建议的人，我也不是那种会要建议的人。A. ask要求；B. write写作；C. drp掉落；D. supprt支持。由上文“He’s nt the srt t give advice and I’m nt the srt t”可知，作者认为自己不是那种主动向别人寻求建议的人，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是我发现正是因为该建议是间接地提供的，所以它是最有可能被听取的建议。A. safely安全地；B. quickly快速地；C. indirectly间接地；D. persnally亲自地。由上文“He’s nt the srt t give advice”可知，父亲并没有直接告诉作者这个建议，所以此处指建议被间接地提供，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢此建议“阅读前50页”，因为它的慷慨和尊重扩展到了一本书的作者和他或她的工艺。A. reader读者；B. authr作者；C. critic批评家；D. publisher出版商。由下文“his r her craft.”可知，此处指书的作者，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它建议，读者需要一点耐心来适应一本书的特殊语气和声音。A. patience耐心；B. luck运气；C. help帮助；D. grace优雅。由下文“t adapt t a bk’s particular tne and vice.”和第一段提到的建议——如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试，这说明读者需要一定的耐心来适应一本书，故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同时，这个建议允许人们停止阅读。A. finish结束；B. teach教；C. lve爱；D. stp停止。由第一段““If after the first 50 pages f a bk yu dn’t get engaged, yu’ re allwed t stp reading and try again later when yu feel ready fr it,” my father tld me.”这个建议可知，如果读完一本书的前50 页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，所以此处指这个建议允许人们停止阅读，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这意味着，没有人需要强迫自己费劲去读一本与他们没有联系的书。A. referring t指的是；B. talking abut谈论；C. cnnecting with与……连接；D. cmmenting n对……评论。由上文“Nbdy, it implies, need frce themselves t struggle thrugh a bk they’re nt”和第一段的建议如果读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，等你准备好后再试，可知，没有人强迫自己费劲去读一本与他们没有联系的书，如果读完50页还是不感兴趣那就需要停止阅读。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我特别喜欢“当你准备好读一本书”的温和建议。A. gentle温柔的；B. strng强壮的；C. cmmn共同的；D. timely及时的。由下文““when yu feel ready fr it.””和第一段的建议可知，当你读完一本书的前50页后你还没有感兴趣，你可以停止阅读，然后等你准备好后再试，这是一个温和的建议，故选A。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种认识，即阅读本质上是相关的，并且读者需要时间。A. duty责任；B. recgnitin认出；认识；C. pity遗憾；D. wnder好奇。由下文“that reading is naturally relatinal and that the readers need time.”可知，阅读本质上是相关的，并且读者需要时间，这是一种认识，故选B。
33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使读到第 50 页我已经准备好停止阅读，但这个操作仍然值得做。就像中途停止游泳会让我腿部的肌肉疼痛一样，因为它以与骑自行车不同的方式使用它们。A. thus因此；B. just只是；C. then然后；D. still仍然。由上文“Even when I’m mre than ready t stp reading by page 50”和下文“the exercise feels wrth ding”可知，在读到第50页已经准备好停止阅读后，等你准备好后，你仍然会继续阅读，故选D。
【34题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：就像中途停止游泳会让我腿部的肌肉疼痛一样，因为它以与骑自行车不同的方式使用它们。A. unless除非；B. because因为；C. nce一旦；D. befre在……之前。空后“it uses them in a different way frm cyclin”是空前“Just like stpping swimming halfway makes the muscles in my legs ache ”的原因，应用because引导原因状语从句，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在这两种情况下，这都是令人满意的伤害，因为这是越来越强的迹象。A. sign标志；B. rule规则；C. questin问题；D. gal目标。由下文“f getting strnger.”可知，此处指这种痛苦是一种令人满意的越来越强的迹象，故选A。
第三部分 语法选择题 (共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
36. We must all take actin t reduce ur carbn ftprint, and prtect wildlife habitats it is t late.
A. sinceB. untilC. afterD. befre
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查状语从句。句意：我们都必须采取行动，减少我们的碳足迹，并在为时已晚之前保护野生动物栖息地。A. since自从；B. until直到；C. after在……之后；D. befre在……之前。根据后文“it is t late”指在来不及之前，保护野生动物栖息地。故选D。
37. This is the ancient tree, branches prvide a cl shelter fr peple t rest under during ht summers.
A. whichB. thatC. whseD. wh
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一棵古树，它的树枝为人们在炎热的夏天提供了一个凉爽的遮蔽处。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词tree，在从句作定语，应用whse。故选C。
38. The questin ur small twn will hst a famus singer’s free cncert next mnth has been n everyne’s lips.
A. ifB. whetherC. whatD. which
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：大家都在谈论我们小镇下个月是否会举办著名歌手的免费演唱会。______ur small twn will hst a famus singer’s free cncert next mnth 是同位语从句，从句不缺少任何成分，缺少“是否”之意，应用whether引导，if虽有“是否”之意，但是不能引导同位语从句，故选B。
39. The experienced guide made the turists a clser lk at the rare plants in the nature reserve t appreciate their unique beauty.
A. dB. dneC. t dD. ding
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：经验丰富的导游让游客们仔细观察自然保护区的珍稀植物，欣赏它们独特的美丽。短语make sb. d sth.表示“让某人做某事”。故选A。
40. in the sudden rainstrm while hiking in the muntains was an unpleasant experience fr the utdr enthusiasts.
A. Being caughtB. CaughtC. CatchingD. T Catch
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：对于户外运动爱好者来说，在山上徒步旅行时遇到突然的暴雨是一次不愉快的经历。短语be caugh in表示“陷入”，作主语，应用动名词形式，故选A。
41. It was in that small, czy cffee shp by the river the tw ld friends reunited after years f separatin. They shared many memries and laughed a lt.
A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是在河边那家小而舒适的咖啡馆里，两位老朋友在分别多年后重逢。他们分享了许多回忆，笑得很开心。分析句子可知，句中使用了强调句型，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/wh + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用wh代替that；本句中强调的是原句中状语“in that small, czy cffee shp by the river”，句子其它部分由that引出。故选D项。
42. —— This prject is challenging, with its tight deadlines and cmplex requirements.
—— Yes, but I think it’s than the ne we did last quarter, which had even stricter rules and a larger scpe.
A. mre challengingB. the mst challengingC. less challengingD. the least challenging
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】考查比较级。句意：——这个项目很有挑战性，期限很紧，要求也很复杂。——是的，但我认为它没有上个季度的项目那么有挑战性，上个季度的项目有更严格的规则和更大的范围。根据后文 the ne we did last quarter, which had even stricter rules and a larger scpe可知，上个季度的项目有更严格的规则和更大的范围，说明这一个项目没有上个季度那么有挑战性，用比较级less challenging。故选C。
43. Finally, the cmpany — by its new manager — started t make a prfit.
A. headingB. t headC. was headedD. headed
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：最终，在新经理的领导下的公司开始盈利。此处head与cmpany构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故选D。
44. The greatest glry in living lies nt in never , but in rising every time we fall.
A. t fallB. fallingC. fallenD. fall
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人生的最大辉煌不在于从不跌倒，而在于每次跌倒后爬起。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故选B。
45. In the new semester, the schl has launched a series f diverse and innvative curses t meet the varius interests f the students. These students may chse the curses that mst interest .
A. themB. themselvesC. usD. itself
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】考查代词。句意：在新的学期，学校推出了一系列多样化和创新的课程以满足学生们的各种兴趣。这些学生可以选择最感兴趣的课程。A. them他们（宾格）；B. themselves他们自己（反身代词）；C. us我们（宾格）；D. itself它自己（反身代词）。设空处代替的是前文提到的“学生”，应使用指代复数第三人称的代词的宾格them。故选A。
第四部分 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Nt all famus natinal parks are n land. Sme natinal parks are marine parks. One gd example f this is the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park in Australia. _____46_____ (stretch) ver 2,300 kilmeters, the Great Barrier Reef is cnsidered ne f the natural wnders f the wrld. It is the largest structure in the wrld made by living creatures. A wide variety f trpical wildlife als ____47____ (make) the reef its hme.
Since the Great Barrier Reef is just belw the surface f the water, it is an excellent place_____48_____ (see) nature, and millins f peple travel there every year. The park was created in 1975 t prtect the reef ______49______ verdevelpment and fishing.
Unfrtunately, the _____50_____ (big) danger t the Great Barrier Reef is smething park ______51______ (manage) cannt stp — glbal warming. Rising cean temperatures are causing sme cral t die ______52______ the clurful reefs t turn grey. Hundreds f years ag, peple culd nt imagine that there wuld ever be a time _____53_____ frests wuld be cut dwn, ceans wuld becme______54______(pllute), and wildlife wuld face extinctin.
Facing the prblems f envirnment pllutin and verdevelpment, sme natinal parks have been set aside t prtect bth natural features and wildlife. _____55_____ prtectin f natural areas has attracted much media attentin, and nw mre and mre peple are supprting the idea f ec-friendly develpment.
【答案】46. Stretching
47. makes 48. t see
49. frm 50. biggest
51. management
52. and 53. when
54. plluted
55. The
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了澳大利亚大堡礁海洋公园的形成以及面临的危险。
【46题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：大堡礁延伸超过2300公里，被认为是世界上自然奇观之一。此处是非谓语动词作状语，主语the Great Barrier Reef和动词stretch是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填Stretching。
【47题详解】
考查时态。句意：各种各样的热带野生动植物也使礁石成为家。此处是谓语，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词应用三单形式，故填makes。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：由于大堡礁位于水面以下，这是一个观看大自然的好地方，每年有数百万人旅行。此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词place，应用不定式作后置定语，故填t see。
【49题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：该公园于 1975 年创建，旨在保护珊瑚礁免遭过度开发和捕捞。固定搭配，意为“保护……免受……”。故填frm。
【50题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：不幸的是，对大堡礁的最大危险是公园管理无法停止的东西—全球变暖。此处表示“最大的危险”，the后应用big的最高级作定语，修饰名词danger，故填biggest。
【51题详解】
考查名词。句意：不幸的是，对大堡礁的最大危险是公园管理无法停止的东西——全球变暖。此处应用名词management作定语从句中的主语，不可数，故填management。
【52题详解】
考查连词。句意：海洋温度升高导致一些珊瑚死亡，五颜六色的珊瑚礁变成灰色。空前句子和空后句子是并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。
【53题详解】
考查连词。句意：数百年前，人们无法想象有一次森林会被砍伐，海洋会受到污染，野生动植物将面临灭绝。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词time，且关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导，故填when。
【54题详解】
考查形容词。句意：数百年前，人们无法想象有一次森林会被砍伐，海洋会受到污染，野生动植物将面临灭绝。此处应用形容词plluted作表语，表示“受到污染的”，故填plluted。
【55题详解】
考查冠词。句意：对自然领域的保护引起了很多媒体的关注，现在越来越多的人支持对环保发展的想法。此处特指对自然领域的保护，应用定冠词the，故填the。
第五部分 用所给词汇的正确形式填空(共15 小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
56. The pattern f injuries is c____________ (和……一致，和……相符) with an attack with a knife. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】cnsistent##nsistent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：伤势情况与刀伤特征相符。根据汉语提示“和……一致，和……相符”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词cnsistent，作表语。故填cnsistent。
57. The drp in supply equates t abut a mnth f fd c____________ (消费；消耗) fr Kenya and Smalia cmbined. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】cnsumptin##nsumptin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：供应的减少相当于肯尼亚和索马里一个月的食品消费量的总和。根据汉语提示“消费，消耗”可知，此处为名词cnsumptin，作宾语。故填cnsumptin。
58. The ttal amunt f e____________(接触；暴露) t the smke alng the surface area f the lung is thught t be higher. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】expsure##xpsure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：据认为，肺部表面积接触到的烟雾总量会更高。根据汉语提示“接触，暴露”和首字母提示可知，此处为不可数名词expsure，作主语。故填expsure。
59. There can be mre rm in the b____________ (预算) fr better fds if meat is kept t a minimum. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】budget##udget
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如果肉类保持在最低限度，预算中就会有更多的空间来购买更好的食物。根据汉语提示“预算”和首字母提示可知，此处为名词budget，作介词宾语。故填budget。
60. Research int ageing in larger mammals gives an i____________ (洞察) int human life expectancy. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】insight##nsight
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：对大型哺乳动物衰老的研究为了解人类预期寿命提供了洞察。“洞察”作宾语，根据首字母提示，用名词insight，结合不定冠词an可知，用其单数形式。故填insight。
61. New Yrkers have been tld what they had lng s____________ (怀疑) but did nt particularly want t knw. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】suspected##uspected
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：纽约人已经被告知了他们长期以来怀疑但并不是特别想知道的事情。“怀疑”作从句谓语，结合首字母提示，用动词suspect，结合句意和助动词had可知，用过去分词构成过去完成时态had suspected，描述过去的过去发生的事情。故填suspected。
62. With a m____________ (成熟的) and ratinal mindset, she was able t handle the cmplex prject with ease, carefully cnsidering all pssible ptins and cnsequences befre taking any actin. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】mature##ature
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：凭借成熟理性的心态，她能够轻松应对复杂的项目，在采取任何行动之前仔细考虑所有可能的选择和后果。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词mindset，“成熟的”应用形容词mature，故填mature。
63. I was far frm c____________(信服，说服) abut this, but felt we had t try. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】cnvinced
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我对此远未信服，但我觉得我们必须试一试。根据汉语提示“信服，说服”和首字母提示可知，此处为形容词cnvinced，作表语。故填cnvinced。
64. Her speech missed the mark and failed t g____________ (产生) the public supprt she had been hping fr. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】generate##enerate
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她的演讲没有达到预期目的，未能获得她所希望的公众支持。fail t d sth.固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，此处应用动词原形，“产生”为动词generate，故填generate。
65. This remarkable technlgy prvides far greater clarity than c____________ (传统的、常规的) X-rays. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】cnventinal##nventinal
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：这项非凡的技术提供了比传统X射线更高的清晰度。根据中英文提示可知应用形容词cnventinal，作定语修饰名词x-rays。故填cnventinal。
66. We’re required t t____________ (解决) the fundamental cause f the prblem. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】tackle##ackle
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：我们需要解决问题的基本原因。be required t d sth.固定搭配，意为“被要求做某事”，此处应用动词原形，“解决”为动词tackle，故填tackle。
67. Her disappinting exam results are e____________(完全) due t her inattentin in class. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】entirely##ntirely
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：她令人失望的考试成绩完全是由于她上课不专心。根据汉语提示“完全”和首字母提示可知，此处为副词entirely，作状语修饰介词短语due t。故填entirely。
68. As fr chemical fertilisers, crps grwn with them usually grw t fast t be rich in n ________ (营养). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】nutritin##utritin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常生长得太快，营养不丰富。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，根据提示的汉语和首字母可知，表示“营养”应为nutritin且为不可数名词。故填nutritin。
69. I remain ____________(乐观) that a peaceful settlement f the dispute can be achieved. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】ptimistic##ptimistic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我仍然对和平解决这一争端持乐观态度。根据汉语提示“乐观”和首字母可知，此处为形容词ptimistic，作表语。故填ptimistic。
70. The prject is nly in the i___________ (最初的) phase as yet, but it’s lking quite prmising. (根据中英文提示拼写单词)
【答案】initial##nitial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：该项目仅在初始阶段，但看起来很有希望。“最初的”为形容词initial作定语，修饰名词phase，故填initial。
第六部分 完成句子(共10 小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
根据句意，从所给词组中挑选合适的一项并用其正确形式完成句子，其中有两个选项为多余选项 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
71. __________________ the autmbile, Americans sn had a freedm f mvement previusly unknwn.
72. Each f us can develp his r her wn “energy saving prgramme” with a little self-bservatin, critical self-cntrl and,_________________, lgical cnsistency.
73. They engage cllege undergraduates t teach cmputer science t high schl students, wh _________________ instruct middle schl students n the tpic.
74. Carbn dixide _________________ carbn and xygen.
75. Since the war ______________, the phnes at dnatin centres have been ringing ff the hk.
76. Many renwned scientists in the field f astrphysics _________________ the thery f the BigBang, as it prvides a cmprehensive explanatin fr the rigin and evlutin f the universe.
77. Mary is _________________ the art and music sectin; and Charles, the sprts page.
78. __________________ the fact that they had limited resurces and a tight deadline, the prject team managed t deliver an utstanding result thrugh their unwavering dedicatin and innvative thinking.
79. She addressed me with an easy familiarity that made me _______________ .
80. Mbile devices are becming less expensive. Sphisticated smartphnes, _________________ , can nw be purchased fr less than $100.
【答案】71. Thanks t
72. abve all
73. in turn
74. cnsists f
75. brke ut
76. subscribe t
77. in charge f
78. Regardless f
79. feel at hme
80. fr instance
【解析】
【71题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：多亏了汽车，美国人很快就有了以前从未有过的行动自由。根据句意“幸亏，由于”可知，此处为介词短语thanks t，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Thanks t。
【72题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：我们每个人都可以通过一点自我观察、严格的自我控制，以及最重要的逻辑一致性，制定自己的“节能计划”。根据句意“最重要的是”可知，此处为介词短语abve all。故填abve all。
【73题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：他们聘请大学生给高中生教授计算机科学，而这些高中生又会转而给初中生讲解这个话题。根据句意“转而”可知，此处为介词短语in turn。故填in turn。
【74题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：二氧化碳由碳和氧组成。根据句意“由……组成”可知，此处为动词短语cnsist f，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为Carbn dixide，谓语动词使用第三人陈单数形式。故填cnsists f。
【75题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：自从战争爆发以来，捐赠中心的电话就一直响个不停。根据句意“爆发”可知，此处为动词短语break ut，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填brke ut。
【76题详解】
考查动词短语和时态。句意：天体物理学领域的许多著名科学家都赞同大爆炸理论，因为它为宇宙的起源和演化提供了一个全面的解释。根据句意“同意，赞同”可知，此处为动词短语subscribe t，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用原形。故填subscribe t。
【77题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：玛丽负责艺术和音乐版块，而查尔斯负责体育版块。根据句意“负责”可知，此处为介词短语in charge f。故填in charge f。
【78题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：尽管资源有限且时间紧迫，但项目团队凭借坚定的奉献精神和创新思维，成功取得了出色的成果。根据句意“尽管”可知，此处为介词短语regardless f，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Regardless f。
【79题详解】
考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：她以一种轻松亲切的态度跟我说话，让我感到宾至如归。根据句意“感到宾至如归”可知，此处为动词短语feel at hme，make sb d sth为固定结构，意为“让某人做某事”。故填feel at hme。
【80题详解】
考查介词短语。句意：移动设备正变得越来越便宜。例如，现在可以用不到100美元的价格买到功能强大的智能手机。根据句意“例如”可知，此处为介词短语fr instance。故填fr instance。
第七部分 应用文写作 (满分15分)
81. 假定你是李华，你校将举办一场主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist?”的英语征文比赛。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
(1)介绍一位当代的伟大科学家；
(2)对你的启发。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为 80个左右；
(2)请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
What Makes a Great Scientist?
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文
What Makes a Great Scientist?
When discussing what makes a great scientist, Yuan Lngping cmes t my mind first. In the 1960s, witnessing the famine, he was determined t bst rice yields.
Despite the harsh cnditins in the fields, he dedicated himself t hybrid rice research. After numerus failures, he finally develped high-yielding hybrid rice, which significantly increased glbal rice prductin and saved cuntless lives.
Frm Yuan Lngping, I realize that a great scientist is characterized by a strng sense f respnsibility and unwavering perseverance. As students, we are inspired t pursue ur academic gals with dedicatin. Whether it’s aiming fr high grades, participating in research prjects, r explring new fields f knwledge, we shuld strive fr excellence.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇短文，参加主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist?”的英语征文比赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
艰苦的：harsh→tugh
致力于：dedicate neself t→devte neself t
无数的：numerus→innumerable
意识到：realize→be aware f
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In the 1960s, witnessing the famine, he was determined t bst rice yields.
拓展句：In the 1960s, after he witnessed the famine, he was determined t bst rice yields.
【点睛】[高分句型1] When discussing what makes a great scientist, Yuan Lngping cmes t my mind first. (运用了what引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Frm Yuan Lngping I realize that a great scientist is characterized by a strng sense f respnsibility and unwavering perseverance. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
thanks t get invlved in abve all feel at hme fr instance regardless f subscribe t in charge f cnsist f in turn prir t break ut