


高考英语二轮-语法之动词部分 -时态语态及非谓语动词(综合训练)(上海专用)(教师版)
展开 这是一份高考英语二轮-语法之动词部分 -时态语态及非谓语动词(综合训练)(上海专用)(教师版),共22页。试卷主要包含了语法填空,翻译等内容,欢迎下载使用。
一、语法填空
1.This kind f clth (wash) well. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】washes
【详解】考查动词,一般现在时,主谓一致。句意:这种布料很好洗。此处需要动词作谓语,主语this kind f clth表单数概念,当主语是织物或布料时,指耐洗,经洗等,wash需要用主动,表示被动含义。故填washes。
2.If the prject (cmplete) n time, the cmpany will receive a bnus. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is cmpleted
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:如果项目按时完成,公司将获得奖金。空格处是if从句的谓语动词,从句的主语和动词cmplete之间是被动关系,用被动语态;由主句的一般将来时可知,从句应该用一般现在时表将来;从句的主语是单数形式,be动词用is。故填is cmpleted。
3.Make sure yu (signal) t the cars behind yu befre yu change the lane(车道). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】signal
【详解】考查时态。句意:在你变道之前,一定要向后面的车打信号灯。signal在句子中作为动词使用,意为“发信号”,“make sure (that)+从句”表示确保某事在将来发生时,用一般现在时表将来,主语是yu,应使用signal,故填signal。
4.China’s labr supply will cntinue t rise, despite the fact that the wrking-age ppulatin (decrease). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is decreasing
【详解】考查时态。句意:中国的劳动力供给将继续增长,尽管处于工作年龄段的人口在减少。decrease“减少”。that引导的同位语从句描述当前正在发生的状况,因此时态用现在进行时。故填is decreasing。
5.The prices f huses (rise) because the demand fr huses is becming greater and greater. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are rising
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:因为对房子的需求越来越大,房价正在上涨。分析句子可知,提示词是主句谓语动词,与主语The prices之间是主动关系,根据从句“the demand fr huses is becming greater and greater”可知,房价现在正在上涨,应用现在进行时态,又因主语The prices是可数名词复数形式,谓语动词也应使用复数。故填are rising。
6.Rain frests (cut) at such a speed that they will disappear frm this planet in the freseeable future. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】are being cut
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:雨林正在以如此的速度被砍伐,在可预见的未来将会从地球上消失。根据句意可知,动作cut发生在当下,应使用现在进行时;主语Rain frests与cut之间属于动宾关系,应使用被动语态,符合“be+being+过去分词”的结构,主语为复数形式,be动词用are。故填are being cut。
7.The discussin (cme) alive when an interesting tpic was brught in. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】came
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:当一个有趣的话题被提出来时,讨论变得活跃起来。根据句中“when an interesting tpic was brught in”可知,从句使用了一般过去时,描述过去发生的事情。“讨论变得活跃起来”也是过去发生的动作,所以主句也应用一般过去时,cme的过去式为came,在句中作谓语。故填came。
8.The recvery f the secnd black bx culd play a key rle in discvering why the tragedy (ccur). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ccurred
【详解】考查时态。句意:第二个黑匣子的恢复可能在发现悲剧发生的原因方面发挥关键作用。根据句中culd play可知,句子使用一般过去时,why引导的从句也应用一般过去时,动词使用过去式形式ccurred。故填ccurred。
9.The Renaissance (arise) in Italy in the late 13th century and later spread thrughut Eurpe. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】arse
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意:文艺复兴起源于13世纪晚期的意大利,后来传播到了整个欧洲。根据时间状语in the late 13th century可知,动词arise发生在过去,使用一般过去式,它的过去式是arse,故答案是arse。
10.He was under s much pressure because f the new jb that he (lie) awake till mid-night. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】 lay
【详解】考查时态。句意:由于新工作的压力太大,他到半夜都还没睡着。空处为谓语动词,根据“He was under s much pressure”可知,句子描述的是过去的情况,lie使用过去式,故填lay。
11.The sun (shine) brightly when we climbed t the tp f the hill. (用所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】was shining
【详解】考查时态。句意:当我们爬上山顶时,阳光灿烂。分析句子可知,设空处是主句谓语动词,结合语境可知,“照耀”发生在过去的某个时间点,应用过去进行时,主语是单数,be动词用was。故填was shining。
12.The medical treatment device als has an SOS feature that (send) fr help if I’m in truble. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will send
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:医疗设备还有一个SOS功能,如果我遇到麻烦,它会发出求救信号。分析句子成分可知,此处是定语从句的谓语部分,根据空后的if条件状语从句的一般现在时可知,此处应使用一般将来时,故填will send。
13.Owing t the level f the delay in transprtatin, it (be) weeks r even mnths befre the cuntry’s supply chain returns t nrmal. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be
【详解】考查时态和固定句型。句意:由于运输的延迟程度,要想恢复供应,需要数周甚至数月的时间。“It will be+时间段+befre...”为固定句型,表示“要过……才……”,根据句意可知,本句适用该句型,主句用一般将来时。故填will be。
14.There is smething they need t change if they (restre)the vitality f the U.S. ecnmy. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】are t restre
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意:如果他们要恢复美国经济的活力,他们就需要改变一些事情。表示“要做某事”短语为be t d sth.,根据上文need可知应用一般现在时,主语为they,谓语动词用复数。故填are t restre。
15.The cmpany annunced that it (release) the latest sales figures next week in respnse t public cncerns abut its financial state. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】wuld release
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:公司宣布,为回应公众对其财务状况的担忧,下周将公布最新的销售数据。根据句子中的annunced可知,主句时态为一般过去时,that引导的宾语从句表述将来的情况,要用过去将来时,且 it与release之间是主动关系,用“wuld + 动词原形”。故填wuld release。
16.Larry’s parents made up their mind that they (buy) a new huse nce their little daughter changed her jb. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】wuld buy
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:拉里的父母下定决心,一旦小女儿换了工作,他们就买一所新房子。空处为从句谓语动词,根据句意可知,此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作,应使用过去将来时。故填wuld buy。
17.Dress cdes shift s regularly that getting dressed (becme) a real headache fr me s far. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has becme
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:着装规范的变化如此频繁,以至于到目前为止,穿衣服已经成为我真正头疼的问题。空处作句子的谓语,根据时间状语“s far”可知,时态应用现在完成时,且主语是单个的动名词短语getting dressed,助动词应用has。故填has becme。
18.Till nw, the theatre (hst) numerus traditinal puppet shws, peras, cncerts, and ther perfrmances. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has hsted
【详解】考查时态。句意:到目前为止,剧院已经举办了许多传统的木偶剧、歌剧、音乐会和其他演出。根据句子中的Till nw表明动作从过去持续到现在,使用现在完成时。主语是the theatre,单数,所以填入动词hst的现在完成时形式has hsted。故填has hsted。
19.Their strange but delightful interactin (prve) t be a pleasure t watch and I just cannt get enugh f it. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has prved/has prven
【详解】考查时态、主谓一致。句意:它们奇怪而愉快的互动被证明是一种乐趣,我就是看不够。根据I just cannt get enugh f it可知,prve“证明是”这一动作开始于过去,持续到现在,句子时态应用现在完成时,且主语interactin为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has prved或has prven。
20.I (mean) t retire at 60, but my bss in my cmpany asked me t stay n fr a few mre years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had meant
【详解】考查动词时态。句意:我本来打算60岁退休,但公司老板让我再多干几年。mean发生在asked之前,表示“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时,had meant t d表示“本打算做某事而未作”。故填had meant。
21.I asked Tm t help me sweep the flr, but he said the teacher (assign) him t clean the windws. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had assigned
【详解】考查时态。句意:我请汤姆帮我扫地,但他说老师派他擦窗户。结合语境可知,assign的动作发生在said之前,此处表示过去的过去,用过去完成时。故填had assigned。
22.China’s lgistics market (grw) steadily in terms f scale and quality ver the past few years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has been grwing
【详解】考查时态。句意:过去几年,中国物流市场在规模和质量方面一直稳步增长。根据后文ver the past few years可知表示动作发生在过去,持续不间断发生到现在,并且将来可能还会继续下去,应用现在完成进行时。故填has been grwing。
23.Yu knw, I (lk) fr a jb fr three mnths, and this is my first frmal interview.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been lking
【详解】考查时态。句意:你知道,我找工作找了三个月了,这是我第一次正式面试。因为后一句说:这是我第一次正式的面试说明还没有第二次,那么找工作的动作还在继续。现在完成进行时表示过去开始,一直持续到现在,并且有可能持续到将来。主语为I,助动词用have。故填have been lking。
24.By the time yu cme back next mnth, I (finish) my research n envirnmental prtectin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will have finished
【详解】考查时态。 句意:到你下个月回来的时候,我将已经完成我的环境保护研究。根据“By the time yu cme back next mnth”可知,表示动作发生在将来某一时间点之前,强调该动作在该时间点已完成,用将来完成时。故填will have finished。
25.Is it likely that the scientists (discver) a cure fr cancer by the year 2040? (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will have discvered
【详解】考查动词。句意:科学家们有可能在2040年之前找到治疗癌症的方法吗?分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语。句中的by the year 2040意为“截止到2040年”,为将来完成时的时间标志即表示科学家们在将来某一时间以前已经发现。故填will have discvered。
26.The church twer which (restre) at present will be pen t turists sn. The wrk is almst finished.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being restred
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:目前正在修复的教堂塔楼将很快对游客开放。这工作差不多完成了。根据该句The wrk is almst finished可知,修复工作正在进行。且restre和which(即The church twer )之间是被动关系,故应用现在进行时的被动语态。故填is being restred。
27.I can’t stand the nise frm the cnstructin site. A shpping mall (cnstruct) there.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】is being cnstructed
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:我受不了建筑工地的噪音。那里正在建造一个购物中心。根据句意可知,句子陈述目前正在发生的事情,应用现在进行时。主语A shpping mall为单数形式,与cnstruct之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填is being cnstructed。
28.We went t the supermarket t d sme shpping. nly t be tld that it (decrate)(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was being decrated
【详解】考查时态及语态。句意:我们去超市买东西,结果被告知正在装修。分析句子并根据went可知,空处应使用过去进行时,表示“过去正在做某事”。由于decrate与所修饰词it之间是被动关系,应使用过去进行时的被动语态was/were being dne。it之后应使用was。故填was being decrated。
29.A meeting ( hld) when I was there. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was being held
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:我在那里的时候,正在开会。根据was和语境“会议正在举行”可知,此处表示过去某一时间正在发生的动作,使用过去进行时,a meeting和hld为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为单数名词,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was being held。
30.Hawking was driven t Wagner, but nt the bttle, when he (diagnse) with mtr neurses disease in 1963 at the age f 21. (用所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】was diagnsed
【详解】考查语态语态。句意:1963年,21岁的霍金被诊断出患有运动神经症,但他并没有沉溺于酒精,而是转向了瓦格纳音乐。根据句子分析可知,此处意为“被诊断出”,表达为be diagnsed with...,且根据前文的was可知,此处应用一般过去时,且主语为he,故填was diagnsed。
31.The cnstructin f the new art museum started tw years ag, but it (nt cmplete) s far due t the varius reasns. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】hasn’t been cmpleted
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:这座新的艺术博物馆的建设始于两年前,但由于种种原因,至今仍未完工。主语与谓语构成被动关系,根据s far可知为现在完成时的被动语态,主语为it,助动词用has。此处为否定陈述句。故填hasn’t been cmpleted。
32.It was said that the flight t New Yrk (cancel) due t the fggy weather. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】had been canceled/ had been cancelled
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:据说飞往纽约的航班因大雾天气而取消了。空处应填从句谓语动词的形式,从句动作发生在主句动作之前且flight与cancel之间为被动关系,应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been canceled/cancelled。
33.He was nt sure whether his thesis paper (apprve) by the prfessr tmrrw. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】wuld be apprved
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:他不确定他的论文明天能否得到教授的批准。根据主句时态可知,从句用过去时态。结合从句时间状语 tmrrw可知,表示过去将要发生的事情,用过去将来时。主语his thesis paper 与apprve之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据句意,故填wuld be apprved。
34.By the end f next year, anther new drmitry building (cmplete) in ur schl. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will have been cmpleted
【详解】考查时态语态。句意:到明年年底,我们学校又一座新的宿舍楼将竣工。根据By the end f next year可知,本句为将来完成时,主语anther new drmitry building与cmplete为被动关系。故填will have been cmpleted。
35.The fficer suggested that the wunded (send) t hspital as sn as pssible. (所给单词适当形式填空)
【答案】be sent
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:军官建议尽快把伤员送到医院去。动词suggest作为“建议”时,后接从句,从句用shuld + 动词原形的虚拟语气,shuld可以省略。从句主语 the wunded与send之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填be sent。
36.I’m ging t tidy up my rm nw (create) a mre rganized and pleasant space fr studying and relaxing. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t create
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我现在要整理房间,为学习和放松创造一个更有条理、更舒适的空间。句中有谓语部分am ging t tidy up,空处应填入非谓语动词。这里要说的是整理房间的目的是创造良好的环境,应用不定式作目的状语。故填t create。
37. (relieve) wrk stress, she decided t take a walk in the park. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】T relieve
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了缓解工作压力,她决定去公园散步。“relieve wrk stress”在句中作目的状语,用动词不定式t relieve表目的;句首单词首字母大写。故填T relieve。
38.China is reprted (send) up the Chang’e-5 spacecraft t get samples frm the mn. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t have sent
【详解】考查不定式的完成式。句意:据报道,中国已经发射了嫦娥五号宇宙飞船,从月球上采集样本。分析句子可知,“be reprted t d sth.”为固定短语,该结构表示“据报道做某事”。如果动作已经完成,则用“be reprted t have dne sth.”。然后看本题的情况:中国发射嫦娥五号宇宙飞船去从月球获取样本这个动作已经完成。所以要用“be reprted t have dne sth.”的结构。所给词是“send”,其过去分词形式是“sent”,所以这里应填“t have sent”。故填t have sent。
39.I meant (finish) my wrk last night, but I didn’t feel very well. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t have finished
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我本来打算昨晚完成工作的,但我感觉不太舒服。根据but I didn’t feel very well可知,此处是固定搭配mean t have dne sth意为“本打算做某事(实际上没做)”。故填t have finished。
40.The prject, (cmplete) by the end f this mnth, will be a majr breakthrugh in the field. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t be cmpleted
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:该项目将于本月底完成,将是该领域的一个重大突破。此处prject与cmplete构成被动关系,结合时间状语“by the end f this mnth”可知,此处表示将来的动作,所以此处使用不定式的被动形式,作后置定语。故填t be cmpleted。
41.Smetimes we need the chance (remind) that true resilience emerges nt merely frm vercming adversity, but frm understanding and cnfrnting the vulnerability. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t be reminded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有时候,我们需要机会来提醒自己,真正的韧性不仅仅来自于克服逆境,还来自于理解和面对脆弱。此处 the chance t d sth.是常见结构,意为 “做某事的机会”,且we与remind为被动关系,故用动词不定式的被动形式 t be dne。故填t be reminded。
42.When mther entered the rm last night, I pretended (wrk) n the cmputer. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】t be wrking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:昨晚妈妈进房间时,我假装在电脑前工作。“假装作某事”是pretend t d sth.,根据时间状语从句可知,当时我假装正在做某事,用pretend t be ding表示,不定式的进行式作宾语。故填t be ding。
43.With mdern traffic cntrl facilities, speeders can’t expect t escape (detect). (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being detected
【详解】考查动名词的被动结构。句意:有了现代化的交通管制设施,超速者就不能指望不被发现了。分析句子可知,“escape ding sth.”是一个常用的表达结构,表示“逃脱做某事”,这里需要用动词的 -ing 形式。同时,“detect(检测)”这个动作的对象是“speeders(超速驾驶者)”,即“超速驾驶者” 是被检测的,所以“speeders”和“detect”之间是被动关系。当需要表达被动含义的动名词时,我们使用“being + 过去分词”的形式,“detect”的过去分词是“detected”,因此这里应填“being detected”。故填being detected。
44.I just can’t imagine (award) the first prize f the Natinal English Cmpetitin fr Middle Schl Students. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being awarded
【详解】考查动名词的固定搭配。句意:我就是无法想象自己能获得全国中学生英语竞赛一等奖。imagine ding sth.为固定搭配,意为“想象做某事”,且此处award与I之间为被动关系,应用动名词的被动形式being awarded作宾语。故填being awarded。
45. (wear) rings in the nse might nt be accepted by sme cultures. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Wearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在鼻子上戴鼻环可能不被某些文化所接受。空处强调习惯性、抽象的动作,用动名词作主语,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Wearing。
46.They believe that a picnic with friends is a way t have fun withut (spend) t much mney. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】spending
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们认为和朋友一起野餐是一种不用花太多钱就能享受乐趣的方式。that引导的宾语从句谓语为is,此处为非谓语动词,本空作介词withut的宾语,应用spend“花费”的动名词形式spending。故填spending。
47.At the 2016 Oscar ceremny, DiCapri’s (win) the award fr Best Actr impressed all the audience present. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】winning
【详解】考查动名词。句意:在2016年奥斯卡颁奖典礼上,迪卡普里奥获得最佳男主角奖,所有在场的观众都印象深刻。结合句意及空前的DiCapri’s可知,空处应填动名词的形式,此处为动名词的复合结构,作主语。故填winning。
48. (feature) advanced technlgy, the smartphne ffers users an enhanced experience. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Featuring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这款智能手机配备了先进的技术,为用户提供了更优质的使用体验。此处feature与smartphne 构成主动关系,故用现在分词,作状语,首字母大写。故填Featuring。
49.With the new term (apprach), Tm is getting mre and mre anxius. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】appraching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着新学期的到来,汤姆越来越焦虑。介词with后接复合宾语,动词apprach和term是主动关系,用其现在分词作宾语补足语。故填appraching。
50. (nt invite) t the farewell party by his class teacher, Tm feels disappinted nw. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Nt having been invited
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于没有被班主任邀请参加告别派对,汤姆现在感到失望。句子主干是Tm feels disappinted nw,空处是非谓语,作原因状语,Tm是“未被邀请”的被动承受者,且该动作发生在主句之前,因此需用现在分词的完成时的被动语态,其否定形式是直接在前面加nt,句首单词的首字母需大写。故填Nt having been invited。
51.Listening t music at hme is ne thing, and ging t hear it (perfrm) live is quite anther. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】being perfrmed
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:在家里面听音乐是一回事,去听现场演奏又是另一回事。hear sb./sth. ding sth.听到某人/某物正在做某事。又因为音乐和演奏之间是被动关系,故用现在分词的被动形式being dne。故填being perfrmed。
52. (wrk) fr tw days, Steve managed t finish his reprt n schedule. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Having wrked
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:史蒂夫努力工作了两天,终于按时完成了报告。分析句子结构可知,此处为非谓语形式作状语,wrk与逻辑主语Steve 构成主动关系,结合fr tw years可知应用having dne形式,首字母大写。故填Having wrked。
53.When I wrked n the farmland in the daytime, I always kept the sheep (tie) t a tree n the riverbank. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】tied
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我在白天在农田里干活时,我总是把羊拴在河岸的一棵树上。本句谓语为kept,此处为非谓语动词,且tie“拴”与逻辑主语the sheep之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词,作宾语补足语。故填tied。
54.Experts have fund few peple (infect) with the virus wing t the effective preventin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】infected
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于有效的预防措施,专家们发现很少有人感染这种病毒。此处为“find + 宾语 + 宾补”结构,宾语few peple与动词infect“感染”之间为被动关系,故应用过去分词作宾补。故填infected。
55.A rbt pet is a wnderful pet, (prgram) t learn new tasks and meet ur varius needs. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】prgrammed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:机器人宠物是一种很棒的宠物,被编程学习新任务,并满足我们的各种需求。句子已有谓语,空处是非谓语,作A rbt pet的后置定语,prgram“编写程序,设计程序”和A rbt pet逻辑上是被动关系,因此用prgram的过去分词形式。故填prgrammed。
56. (face) with s many difficulties, they didn’t give up but tried their best t find slutins. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Faced
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:面对这么多困难,他们没有放弃,而是尽最大努力寻找解决办法。此处为非谓语动词作状语,be faced with为固定搭配,意为“面对”,所以此处为过去分词形式,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Faced。
57.There are a dzen dctrs wrking in the perating rm, twice the number (need) fr a typical brain peratin. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】needed
【详解】考查独立主格。句意:手术室里有十几名医生,是一般脑部手术所需人数的两倍。句中已有谓语动词,所以用非谓语动词。名词 number与need之间为被动关系,所以用过去分词表被动。故填needed。
58.Either the beautiful sights f this mdern city r its lcal custm (attract) thusands f visitrs during the past years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has attracted
【详解】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意:无论是这座现代化城市的美丽景色还是当地的风俗习惯在过去的这些年都已经吸引了成千上万的游客。由during the past years可知,使用现在完成时。“”连接主语时,谓语动词形式与r后主语保持一致,custm是第三人称单数,助动词使用has。故填has attracted。
59.The number f campus bkstres in this city (jump) frm a few t ver 100 in the past three years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】has jumped
【详解】考查现在完成时,主谓一致。句意:在过去的三年里,这个城市校园书店的数量从几家猛增到100多家。根据句中时间状语“in the past three years(在过去的三年里)”可知,本句为现在完成时,主语he number f 为单数意义,因此谓语需要使用单数形式。故填has jumped。
60.Wildcats are the UK’s rarest native mammal and (hunt) t extinctin in mst parts f Britain fr their thick hair in the past decades. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】have been hunted
【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:野猫是英国最稀有的本土哺乳动物,在过去几十年中,由于其浓密的毛发,在英国大部分地区被猎杀至灭绝。根据句中的时间状语in the past decades,这里应用现在完成时。主语为Wildcats,谓语应用复数,且主语和hunt之间是动宾关系,所以应用被动语态。故填have been hunted。
二、翻译
61.当学生们在烈日下军训的时候,班主任老师一直陪伴着他们。(cmpany)(汉译英)
【答案】When the students were underging the military training in the ht sun, the head teacher was always in the cmpany f them./When the students are underging the military training in the ht sun, the head teacher is always in the cmpany f them.
【详解】考查状语从句、动词时态、主谓一致以及固定短语。本题可以从过去、现在两种角度翻译句子。从过去角度翻译,“当学生们在烈日下军训的时候”用when引导的时间状语从句翻译(when放在句首时首字母要大写),时态用过去进行时was/were+V-ing。“学生们”翻译成the students(对应的be动词用were),“军训”翻译成“were underging the military training”,“在烈日下”是介词短语作地点状语放在该部分的结尾,用“in the ht sun”表示。主句放在when从句之后,逗号要保留。班主任翻译成“the head teacher”,“一直陪伴着他们”用was作谓语,描述状态。“一直”用always表示,“陪伴他们”用介词短语in the cmpany f them表示,与题干要求一致。从现在角度翻译,要将when从句中的were变成are,主句中的was变成is,其余不变。故填When the students were underging the military training in the ht sun, the head teacher was always in the cmpany f them.或When the students are underging the military training in the ht sun, the head teacher is always in the cmpany f them.
62.在最近举行的一个烘焙节上,好多人愿意花天价购买两三口就能吃完的面包,真是让人看不懂啊!(puzzle) (汉译英)
【答案】At a recent baking festival, many peple were willing t pay extremely high prices fr bread that culd be eaten in tw r three bites, which was s puzzling!
【详解】考查定语从句和短语。表示“在最近举行的一个烘焙节上”为at a recent baking festival;主语为many peple;表示“愿意”短语为be willing t d;表示“花天价购买两三口就能吃完的面包”可用pay extremely high prices fr bread that culd be eaten in tw r three bites,其中that引导定语从句,修饰bread;后跟非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子,从句缺少主语,用which;表示“让人看不懂”可用be s puzzling。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为At a recent baking festival, many peple were willing t pay extremely high prices fr bread that culd be eaten in tw r three bites, which was s puzzling!
63.多年以来,我公司一直致力于产品质量的管理,以期能够更好地服务于大众。(devte)(汉译英)
【答案】Fr many years, ur cmpany has been devted t managing prduct quality in rder t better serve the public.
【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据提示词devte(致力于),结合句意,“多年以来”译为fr many years,作时间状语,该句使用现在完成时;“我公司”译为ur cmpany,作主语;“一直致力于”使用固定搭配be devted t ding sth.,作谓语,且主语为第三人称单数,现在完成时结构为has been devted t,表示“产品质量的管理”用manage prduct quality作宾语,此处需使用动名词形式作介词宾语;“以期能够更好地服务于大众”表示目的,译为in rder t better serve the public。句首单词首字母需大写,故翻译为Fr many years, ur cmpany has been devted t managing prduct quality in rder t better serve the public.
64.上海车展一直是公众感受全球新品首发的“打卡地”。(launch) (汉译英)
【答案】The Shanghai Aut Shw has always been a “check-in spt” fr the public t experience the glbal launch f new prducts.
【详解】考查名词、动词、短语、不定式和时态。表示“上海车展”应用名词短语The Shanghai Aut Shw,作句子主语;表示“一直是”应用 has always been,结合语境可知用现在完成时;表示“打卡地”应用名词短语a “check-in spt”,作表语;表示“公众”应用名词the public;表示“感受”应用动词experience;表示“全球新品首发”结合提示词launch,短语为the glbal launch f new prducts,其中launch为名词,作动词experience的宾语;“公众感受全球新品首发的”为不定式短语fr the public t experience the glbal launch f new prducts,作后置定语修饰a “check-in spt”。故翻译为The Shanghai Aut Shw has always been a “check-in spt” fr the public t experience the glbal launch f new prducts.
65.这位年迈的物理学家背井离乡数十载,如今重返故里,惊觉当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖。 (strike) (汉译英)
【答案】After decades f living far frm hme, the aged physicist returned t his hmetwn, nly t be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his wn hands had grwn int a twering ne with a thick, shady canpy.
【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词和从句。根据中文提示可知,表示“背井离乡数十载(后)”应用After decades f living far frm hme,为介词短语作状语,其中 living far frm hme(离乡)为动名词作宾语;表示“这位年迈的物理学家”应用the aged physicist ,为名词短语作主语;表示“重返故里”应用returned t his hmetwn,时态用一般过去时表示过去情况;表示“惊觉(景象)”应用nly t be struck by the sight,其中be struck by表“惊觉”, nly t d sth.,为不定式短语表示出乎意料的结果;表示“当年手植的小树已亭亭如盖”应用that the small tree he had planted with his wn hands had grwn int a twering ne with a thick, shady canpy,为同位语从句解释说明the sight,其中he had planted with his wn hands(当年手植的)为定语从句修饰前面名词the small tree,a twering ne with a thick, shady canpy(一棵有着浓密阴凉树冠的大树),为名词短语作宾语,这里时态都用过去完成时,表“过去的过去”概念。故翻译为After decades f living far frm hme, the aged physicist returned t his hmetwn, nly t be struck by the sight that the small tree he had planted with his wn hands had grwn int a twering ne with a thick, shady canpy.
66.我们正在做饼干,这时有人敲门。(汉译英)
【答案】We were making ckies when smene kncked at the dr.
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。“正在做某事……,这时……”用固定句型be ,句子描述过去的事情,因此时态用一般过去时和过去进行时,we后be动词用were,“做饼干”是固定短语make ckies,“有人”是smene,“敲门”是knck at the dr。根据句意,故翻译为We were making ckies when smene kncked at the dr.
67.我一直在纠结要不要报名参加新成立的文化共享俱乐部。(sign) (汉译英)
【答案】I’ve been struggling with whether t sign up fr the newly established Cultural Sharing Club.
【详解】考查时态和特殊疑问词加不定式结构。表示“我”用I,作主语。表示“与……斗争”用struggle with,表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的动作,且可能还会继续下去,时态用现在完成进行时,谓语用have been struggling with;表示“是否”用whether,表示“报名参加”用动词短语sign up fr,“特殊疑问词+不定式”结构,可以作宾语,所以用whether t sign up fr作宾语。表示“新成立的文化共享俱乐部”用the newly established Cultural Sharing Club,作sign up fr的宾语。故翻译为I’ve been struggling with whether t sign up fr the newly established Cultural Sharing Club.
68.他已行医三十余载,病患无不称赞其医术高超,品德高尚。(cmpliment)
【答案】He has been practicing medicine fr ver thirty years, and all his patients cmpliment him n his exceptinal medical skills and nble character.
【详解】考查动词短语、时态和固定短语。表示“行医”应用短语 practice medicine,根据“已行医三十余载”可知,动作从过去持续到现在,应用现在完成进行时have/has been practicing,主语是单数,助动词使用has;“三十余载”翻译为fr ver thirty years;表示“称赞某人某事”短语为cmpliment sb. n sth.,“病患无不称赞”即“所有病患都称赞”,译为all his patients cmpliment him n;“医术高超”可译为exceptinal medical skills,“品德高尚”译为nble character,二者并列作介词n的宾语。故整句翻译为He has been practicing medicine fr ver thirty years, and all his patients cmpliment him n his exceptinal medical skills and nble character.
69.这个短片让正在接受电台采访的羽毛球世界冠军想起了他奋力拼搏的场景。(reminder)(汉译英)
【答案】This shrt vide serves as a reminder t the badmintn wrld champin wh is being interviewed by the radi statin f the scenes where he struggled hard.
【详解】考查时态和从句。陈述现在的情况用一般现在时,“这个短片”对应 This shrt vide,作主语:“让……想起”可用 serve as a reminder t sb. f sth.结构,因主语是第三人称单数,一般现在时中serve用serves ;“正在接受电台采访的羽毛球世界冠军”,“羽毛球世界冠军”是the badmintn wrld champin,用wh引导定语从句wh is being interviewed by the radi statin来修饰,为现在进行时的被动语态,表示正在被采访 ;“他奋力拼搏的场景”,“场景”是the scenes,后接where引导的定语从句,从句强调过去的动作,为一般过去时,翻译为:where he struggled hard。故译为This shrt vide serves as a reminder t the badmintn wrld champin wh is being interviewed by the radi statin f the scenes where he struggled hard.。
70.“新中式”服装既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力,也能融入日常穿搭,正受到年轻一代追捧。(cmbine) (汉译英)
【答案】Cmbining the charm f excellent traditinal Chinese culture with everyday wearability, “New Chinese-style” clthing is currently being embraced by the yunger generatin./The “New Chinese-style” clthing cmbines the charm f excellent traditinal Chinese culture with daily wear, and is being embraced by the yunger generatin.
【详解】考查短语、非谓语动词、动词时态和语态。根据中文提示可知,本句主语为“‘新中式’服装”译为(the)“New Chinese-style” clthing,表示“既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力,也能融入日常穿搭”可以用非谓语动词表达,逻辑主语clthing与cmbine……with…“结合……”构成逻辑上的主动关系,用现在分词,表示“中华优秀传统文化魅力”用the charm f excellent traditinal Chinese culture,表示“日常穿搭”用everyday wearability,currently“目前”作状语,表示“受年轻一代追捧”用现在进行时的被动语态is being embraced by the yung generatin。也可以用并列句表达,“既能体现中华优秀传统文化魅力,也能融入日常穿搭”用一般现在时句子,主语为单数,谓语动词cmbine用第三人称单数,译为:cmbines the charm f excellent traditinal Chinese culture with daily wear,将“‘正受到年轻一代追捧’”与其用and并列。故翻译为Cmbining the charm f excellent traditinal Chinese culture with everyday wearability, “New Chinese-style” clthing is currently being embraced by the yunger generatin./The “New Chinese-style” clthing cmbines the charm f excellent traditinal Chinese culture with daily wear, and is being embraced by the yunger generatin.
71.在经过重新装修之后,这个曾经老旧的工厂摇身一变成了聚集各种时髦餐厅的“网红打卡点”。 (spt) (汉译英)
【答案】After the redecratin, the nce ld factry has been transfrmed/changed int an internet famus spt gathering varius fancy restaurants /where varius fancy restaurants gather.。
【详解】考查非谓语动词和名词。表示“在经过重新装修之后”可用after the redecratin;表示“这个曾经老旧的工厂”可翻译为the nce ld factry;表示“摇身一变成了”用be transfrmed/changed int,表示过去的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时的被动语态;表示“聚集各种时髦餐厅的“网红打卡点””可翻译为现在分词短语作定语,为an internet famus spt gathering varius fancy restaurants;或用定语从句修饰先行词spt,在从句作地点状语,故用where引导,翻译为an internet famus spt gathering where varius fancy restaurants gather。故翻译为After the redecratin, the nce ld factry has been transfrmed/changed int an internet famus spt gathering varius fancy restaurants/ where varius fancy restaurants gather.。
72.AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术,让生活充满惊喜。 (integrate) (汉译英)
【答案】AI has gradually been integrated int creative arts, filling life with a delightful surprise./AI has gradually been integrated int creative arts, which fills life with delightful surprises.
【详解】考查固定搭配、非谓语动词和定语从句。根据汉语提示中的“已经”可知,句子应该用现在完成时,“慢慢”翻译为gradually;“融入……”用动词短语integrate int表示,作谓语,主语AI与integrate构成被动关系,用被动语态;“创造性艺术”翻译为creative arts,作宾语;“AI已经慢慢融入创造性艺术”翻译为AI has gradually been integrated int creative arts;“让生活充满惊喜”翻译为fill life with a delightful surprise/delightful surprises,动词fill应该用非谓语形式作状语,与上文的内容之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词filling作状语。“让生活充满惊喜”也可以用定语从句表示,对上文的内容进行补充说明,所以应该用关系代词which代替上文的内容在从句中作主语。故翻译为AI has gradually been integrated int creative arts, filling life with a delightful surprise./AI has gradually been integrated int creative arts, which fills life with delightful surprises.
73.这部改编自小说的电影一上映就很卖座。(hardly)(汉译英)
【答案】Hardly had the film adapted frm a nvel been released when it sld well.
【详解】考查固定句型、倒装句、时态和语态。根据句意和汉语提示可知,句子应用固定句型“hardly…when…”,意为“一……就……”,主句应用过去完成时的被动语态,“hardly”放在句首,句子要用部分倒装,“Hardly had the film adapted frm a nvel been released”表示“这部改编自小说的电影一上映”,“adapt frm”意为“根据……改编”,“film”和“adapt”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,“adapted frm”为过去分词短语作后置定语,从句应用一般过去时,“when it sld well”表示“就很卖座”,句首单词首字母大写。故翻译为Hardly had the film adapted frm a nvel been released when it sld well.
74.我试图提前预定艺术展的门票,但是主办方说由于缺乏资金,展会将推迟到明年元旦。(attempt) (汉译英)
【答案】I attempted t bk tickets fr the art shw in advance, but the rganizers said it wuld be pstpned until New Year’s Day due t lack f funds.
【详解】考查动词、名词和固定短语。根据句意,表示“试图做某事”应为attempt t dsth.作谓语,该句讲述的是过去的事情,所以该句使用一般过去时,表示“预定艺术展的门票”应为bk tickets fr the art shw作attempt的宾语,应使用不定式形式,即t bk tickets fr the art shw,表示“提前”为in advance,所以前半句译为I attempted t bk tickets fr the art shw in advance;表示“但是”应为but连接两个表示转折关系的句子,表示“主办方”应为the rganizers作主语,表示“说”应为say为后半句的谓语,同样使用一般过去时,所以谓语动词为said,表示“由于缺乏资金,展会将推迟到明年元旦”应为宾语从句作said的宾语,从句中不缺少主语和宾语,且句意完整,所以使用that引导宾语从句,可以省略,表示“展会”应用it指的上文中的the art shw作主语,表示“推测”应为pstpne,与主语之间为被动关系,结合句意,从句表示将来的动作,所以使用过去将来时的被动形式,即wuld be pstpned,表示“直到明年元旦”应为until New Year’s Day作时间状语,表示“由于缺乏资金”应为due t lack f funds作原因状语至于句尾,所以后半句应译为the rganizers said (that) it wuld be pstpned until New Year’s Day due t lack f funds。故翻译为I attempted t bk tickets fr the art shw in advance, but the rganizers said it wuld be pstpned until New Year’s Day due t lack f funds.
75.从小县城发家,这家公司以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才,在短短十年内成为行业翘楚。(riginate, thanks t, visin) (汉译英)
【答案】Originating frm a small cunty, this cmpany, thanks t its unique visin, advanced prducts and innvative talents, has becme a leader in the industry within just ten years.
【详解】考查动词(短语)、介词短语、形容词、名词和非谓语动词。主干部分为“这家公司在短短十年内成为行业翘楚”,描述过去发生的行为现在产生的结果,时态应用现在完成时,主语“这家公司”可用名词短语this cmpany,为单数,系动词“成为”可用动词becme,助动词用has,表语“行业翘楚”可用名词短语a leader in the industry,时间状语“在短短十年内”可用介词短语within just ten years;“从小县城发家”可用分词作状语,“从……发家”可用动词短语riginate frm,和主语cmpany之间是主动关系,riginate用现在分词的形式,“小县城”可用名词短语a small cunty;“以其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才”可理解为“多亏了其独到眼光、先进产品、创新人才”,“多亏了”可用介词短语thanks t,“其独到眼光”可用名词短语its unique visin,“先进产品”可用名词短语advanced prducts,“创新人才”可用名词短语innvative talents,三个短语之间是并列关系,用并列连词and连接。故可译为:Originating frm a small cunty, this cmpany, thanks t its unique visin, advanced prducts and innvative talents, has becme a leader in the industry within just ten years.
76.这位新上任的村官今年最重要的工作就是提倡婚丧从简,推进移风易俗。(advcate) (汉译英)
【答案】This newly-appinted village fficial’s mst imprtant task f this year is t advcate a new custm f simplifying weddings and funerals.
【详解】考查名词、形容词、动词、非谓语动词和时态。“这位新上任的村官”可译为this newly-appinted village fficial,作定语,用名词所有格形式this newly-appinted village fficial’s;主语“今年最重要的工作”用mst imprtant task f this year,谓语“是”用系动词,描述一般性事实用一般现在时态is;“提倡婚丧从简,推进移风易俗”用动词短语advcate a new custm f simplifying weddings and funerals,用不定式作表语,表示要去做的事情。综上,全句译为:This newly appinted village fficial’s mst imprtant task f this year is t advcate a new custm f simplifying weddings and funerals.
77.这个老烟枪每天雷打不动地要抽两包烟。(it)(汉译英)
【答案】It is this heavy smker wh smkes tw packs f cigarettes every day.
或This heavy smker makes it a rule t smke tw packs f cigarettes every day.
【详解】考查固定句型。(解析为第二个答案)根据句意,该句描述习惯性动作,使用一般现在时。表示“这个老烟枪”为this heavy smker作主语,位于句首单词首字母大写;表示“每天雷打不动地要抽两包烟”可以理解为“使得每天抽两包烟成为规则”,使用“make it+宾补+t d”结构,其中it为形式宾语,不定式短语作真正宾语,主语为第三人称单数,所以谓语动词使用makes,表示“规则”为a rule作宾补,表示“每天抽两包烟”为t smke tw packs f cigarettes every day,其中every day作时间状语。故翻译为This heavy smker makes it a rule t smke tw packs f cigarettes every day.
78.为了和顾客建立相互信任的关系,公司应该提供更好的服务,所以经理鼓励员工耐心回应顾客的投诉。(suppse) (汉译英)
【答案】Fr building mutual trust with custmers, the cmpany is suppsed t prvide better services, s the manager mtivates staff t address custmers’ cmplaints with patience.
【详解】考查动词短语、形容词、名词和非谓语动词。句子应该是描述通常的情况,时态宜用一般现在时;“为了”可用介词fr,“和……建立……”可用动词短语build… with…,build需用动名词形式,“相互信任(的关系)”可用名词短语mutual trust,“顾客”可用名词custmers;主语“公司”可用名词the cmpany,“应该做某事”可用短语be suppsed t d,be动词用is,“提供更好的服务”可用动词短语prvide better services;“所以”可用连词s,主语“经理”可用名词the manager,“鼓励某人做某事”可用动词短语mtivate sb. t d sth.,mtivate需用第三人称单数形式,“员工”可用名词staff,“回应顾客的投诉”可用动词短语address custmers’ cmplaints,“耐心(地)”可用短语with patience。故可译为:Fr building mutual trust with custmers, the cmpany is suppsed t prvide better services, s the manager mtivates staff t address custmers’ cmplaints with patience.
79.展览中屹立的珍石,千姿百态,恰似上海的城市风貌。 (as…as)(汉译英)
【答案】The rare stnes standing in the exhibitin are as diverse in psture as the urban landscape f Shanghai.
【详解】考查固定句型和现在分词。根据句意,该句描述客观事实,使用一般现在时。表示“珍石”为rare stnes,“展览中屹立的”为现在分词短语standing in the exhibitin作后置定语修饰名词stnes,所以表示“展览中屹立的珍石”为the rare stnes standing in the exhibitin,作主语,位于句首单词首字母需大写;谓语应为be动词,主语为名词复数形式,所以be动词为are;表示“恰似”使用结构,表示“千姿百态”理解为“在姿态上多样”可译为diverse in psture,表示“恰似上海的城市风貌”为the urban landscape f Shanghai,即as后的比较对象,所以“恰似上海的城市风貌”可译为as diverse in psture as the urban landscape f Shanghai。故翻译为The rare stnes standing in the exhibitin are as diverse in psture as the urban landscape f Shanghai.
80.新引进的滑草项目惊险刺激,乐趣无穷,势必大受欢迎。 (bund) (汉译英)
【答案】The newly intrduced grass skiing prject is thrilling and full f fun and is bund t be very ppular.
【详解】考查固定短语、形容词和时态。主语“新引进的滑草项目”可译为The newly intrduced grass skiing prject,其中过去分词intrduced作定语,表被动;“惊险刺激,乐趣无穷”可译为thrilling and full f fun,作表语,表明主语的性质,前面用系动词is,描述客观事实用一般现在时态;“势必大受欢迎”用短语be bund t be very ppular表示,其中be动词作并列谓语,用连词and连接,也用一般现在时态单数形式is。综上,全句译为:The newly intrduced grass skiing prject is thrilling and full f fun and is bund t be very ppular.
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