热点话题01 缅怀围棋“棋圣”——聂卫平先生（语法填空专练）（解析版）-2026年高考英语二轮复习（全国通用）

这是一份热点话题01 缅怀围棋“棋圣”——聂卫平先生（语法填空专练）（解析版）-2026年高考英语二轮复习（全国通用），共17页。
时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创语法填空
【原创·语法填空】
【课标词汇积累】
【课标词汇训练】
【参考译文】
好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练
【阅读理解】
【阅读7选5】
【完形填空】
【语法填空】
时文精读
读
【话题·导语】
Weiqi Sage Nie Weiping passes away at 73; daughter says his life was a legend defined by passin in an bituary围棋泰斗聂卫平逝世享年73岁 女儿讣告称其"用激情定义传奇一生"
【原文·时文阅读】
文章来源：
Chinese Weiqi legend Nie Weiping, ne f the mst influential figures in the mdern histry f Weiqi, r ften being referred as G, has passed away at the age f 73 n Wednesday night, his daughter Yunfei wrte in an bituary n Thursday.
"Mr. Nie Weiping, a twering figure in the Chinese Weiqi cmmunity and the revered 'Weiqi Sage,' passed away at 10:55 pm n January 14, 2026, after medical treatment prved unsuccessful. He was 73 years ld." Yunfei wrte in the bituary.
"My father's life was a legend, and abve all, a life defined by passin. Frank and pen-minded by nature, he remained ptimistic and magnanimus in bth triumph and adversity," Yunfei wrte.
Yunfei has als changed her bi captins t "Father I miss yu s much."
Nie is leaving behind a legacy that reshaped the game in China and inspired generatins f players arund the wrld.
In 1973, he was selected fr the natinal Weiqi training squad, marking the beginning f a legendary career that wuld prfundly shape the curse f Chinese Weiqi histry.
At a time when Chinese Weiqi was striving t rise n the internatinal stage, he achieved a stunning 11 cnsecutive victries in the China-Japan Weiqi Supermatches, leading the Chinese team t champinship titles n three ccasins.
In 1988, he was fficially awarded the title f "Weiqi Sage" by the state sprts authrity.
Nie later served as the head cach f the natinal Weiqi team, mentring wrld champins including tp-ranked player Chang Ha.
【原创·语法填空】(248wrds)
Chinese Weiqi legend Nie Weiping, ne f the mst 1._______（influence）figures in the mdern histry f Weiqi, r ften being referred as G, has passed away at the age f 73 n Wednesday night, his daughter Yunfei wrte in an bituary n Thursday.
"Mr. Nie Weiping, a twering figure in the Chinese Weiqi cmmunity and the revered 'Weiqi Sage,' passed away at 10:55 pm n January 14, 2026, 2._______ medical treatment prved unsuccessful. He was 73 years ld." Yunfei wrte in the bituary.
"My father's life was a legend, and abve all, a life defined by passin. Frank and pen-minded by nature, he remained ptimistic and magnanimus in 3._______ triumph and adversity," Yunfei wrte.
Yunfei has als changed her bi captins t "Father I miss yu s much."
Nie is leaving behind a legacy 4._______ reshaped the game in China and inspired generatins f players arund the wrld.
In 1973, he 5._______（select） fr the natinal Weiqi training squad, marking the 6._______（begin）f a legendary career that wuld prfundly shape the curse f Chinese Weiqi histry.
At a time when Chinese Weiqi was striving 7._______（rise）n the internatinal stage, he achieved a stunning 11 cnsecutive victries in the China-Japan Weiqi 8._______（Supermatch）, leading the Chinese team t champinship titles n three ccasins.
In 1988, he was 9._______（fficial）awarded the title f "Weiqi Sage" by the state sprts authrity.
Nie later served as the head cach f the natinal Weiqi team, 10._______（mentr） wrld champins including tp-ranked player Chang Ha.
【答案】1.influential 2.after 3.bth 4.that/which 5.was selected 6.beginning 7.t rise 8.Supermatches 9.fficially 10.mentring
【解析】
1.influential考查词形转换。中国围棋传奇人物、现代围棋史上最具影响力的人物之一聂卫平，于周三晚逝世，享年73岁。修饰名词figures用形容词。故填influential。
2.after考查介词。经治疗后无效，逝世。故填after。
3.bth考查连词。他天性率真豁达，无论顺境逆境都保持乐观大度。 考查连接词。故填bth。
4.that/which考查定语从句。聂卫平留下了重塑中国围棋格局、激励全球数代棋手的宝贵遗产。先行词是 legacy在定语从句中作主语，指物。用that或which。故填that/which。
5.was selected考查动词的时态和语态。1973年入选国家围棋集训队，由此开启了一段深刻影响中国围棋发展进程的传奇职业生涯。根据句意：被选入国家围棋集训队，有具体时间1973，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was selected。
6.beginning考查词形转换。由此开启了一段深刻影响中国围棋发展进程的传奇职业生涯。根据前面的the可知，此处用名词，故填beginning。
7.t rise考查不定式。在中国围棋力争国际崛起的年代，他创下中日围棋擂台赛十一连胜的惊人战绩，三次率中国队夺得冠军。此处不定式作宾语。故填t rise。
8.Supermatches考查名词复数。在中国围棋力争国际崛起的年代，他创下中日围棋擂台赛十一连胜的惊人战绩。根据句意是复数形式。故填Supermatches。
9.fficially考查词形转换。1988年被国家体委正式授予"棋圣"称号。修饰动词awarded用副词作状语。故填fficially。
10.mentring考查非谓语动词。后担任国家围棋队总教练，培养出包括顶尖棋手常昊在内的多位世界冠军。Nie和mentr之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，故填mentring。
【课标词汇积累】
1.legend n. 传说；传奇人物
The math teacher became a campus legend after slving the "unslvable" equatin n the blackbard during lunch break.这位数学老师在午休时解开黑板上的"无解方程"后，成为了校园传奇。
2.twering adj. 耸立的；高大的，杰出的；强烈的；极度的
His twering achievement f winning three gld medals inspired the whle sprts team.
他获得三枚金牌的卓越成就激励了整个运动队。
3.cmmunity n. 社会（团体）；共有；(生物)群落
Our schl's recycling cmmunity has successfully reduced cafeteria waste by 40% this semester.
本学期我校环保社团成功将食堂垃圾减少了40%。
4.unsuccessful adj. 不成功的，失败的；碌碌无为
Thugh unsuccessful in the debate cntest, her arguments prfundly changed many classmates' perspectives.
尽管辩论赛失利，她的论点深刻改变了许多同学的观点。
5.pen-minded adj. 虚心的；思想开明的；无偏见的
Our histry teacher encurages pen-minded discussins abut cntrversial histrical events.
历史老师鼓励我们对有争议的历史事件进行开放讨论。
6.ptimistic adj. 乐观的
Despite failing the midterm, he remained ptimistic and imprved his final exam scre by 30%.
尽管期中考试不及格，他保持乐观并将期末成绩提高了30%。
7.adversity n. 困境，逆境
The basketball team's ability t vercme adversity impressed everyne when they wn after their captain was injured.
篮球队在队长受伤后仍获胜，他们克服逆境的能力令人印象深刻。
8.reshape vt. 重塑；给…以新形态；采取新形式；打开新局面
The new principal's plicies have reshaped ur mrning assembly int an interactive learning sessin.
新校长的政策将早会重塑成了互动学习环节。
9. prfundly adv. 深深地；深切地；深刻地；极度地
The dcumentary abut climate change prfundly affected ur envirnmental science club's missin statement.
关于气候变化的纪录片深刻影响了我们环保社的宗旨。
10.stunning adj. 令人晕倒（吃惊）的，震耳欲聋的；极好的，出色的；令人震惊的
The graduating class made a stunning mural that nw cvers an entire wall f the art building.
毕业班创作的惊人壁画现在覆盖了艺术楼的整面墙。
【课标词汇训练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1.Her perfect scre in the science cmpetitin added anther chapter t the schl's academic _____________.
她在科学竞赛中的满分成绩为学校的学术传奇增添了新篇章。
2.The _____________ bkshelves in the library always make freshmen feel bth awed and slightly intimidated.
图书馆高耸的书架总让新生既敬畏又略有压力。
3.The internatinal student _____________ rganized a cultural festival that shwcased traditins frm 15 cuntries.
国际学生社团组织的文化节展示了15个国家的传统。
4.The first attempt at establishing a rbtics club was _____________ due t lack f funding.
首次创建机器人社团因资金不足未能成功。
5.Being _____________ abut different study methds helped her imprve her grades significantly.
对不同学习方法的开放态度使她的成绩显著提高。
6.Her _____________ attitude during grup prjects always mtivates the whle team.
她在小组项目中的乐观态度总能激励整个团队。
7.Facing _____________ in physics class actually strengthened her determinatin t majr in engineering.
物理课上的困境反而坚定了她主修工程学的决心。
8.Online learning during the pandemic _____________ hw we cllabrate n grup prjects.
疫情期间的线上学习改变了我们小组合作的方式。
9.Her speech n mental health awareness _____________ changed hw students view stress management.
她关于心理健康的演讲深刻改变了学生对压力管理的看法。
10.His _____________ imprvement frm ranking 50th t 3rd in the grade became an inspiratin t many.
他从年级第50名跃升至第3名的惊人进步激励了许多人。
Keys:
1.legends 2.twering 3.cmmunity 4.unsuccessful 5.pen-minded 6.ptimistic 7.adversity 8.reshaped 9.prfundly 10.stunning
【参考译文】
围棋泰斗聂卫平逝世享年73岁 女儿悼文称其"用激情定义传奇一生"
中国围棋传奇人物、现代围棋史上最具影响力的人物之一聂卫平，于周三晚逝世，享年73岁。其女聂云菲在周四发布的讣告中公布了这一消息。
讣告中写道："中国围棋界泰斗、'棋圣'聂卫平先生，因医治无效，于2026年1月14日22时55分逝世，享年73岁。""父亲的一生是传奇的，更是用激情定义的。他天性率真豁达，无论顺境逆境都保持乐观大度"
聂云菲还将个人简介改为"爸爸我好想你"。
聂卫平留下了重塑中国围棋格局、激励全球数代棋手的宝贵遗产。
1973年入选国家围棋集训队，由此开启了一段深刻影响中国围棋发展进程的传奇职业生涯。
在中国围棋力争国际崛起的年代，他创下中日围棋擂台赛十一连胜的惊人战绩，三次率中国队夺得冠军。
1988年被国家体委正式授予"棋圣"称号。后担任国家围棋队总教练，培养出包括顶尖棋手常昊在内的多位世界冠军。
好题精练
练
Passage1阅读理解
Chinese histrians have cnfirmed the identity f the Chinese refugee whm Jhn Rabe helped
escrt(护送)ut f Nanjing, Jiangsu prvince, in 1938 as Huang Guanghan, a frmer squadrn leader in China’s early air frce. The identificatin reslves a decades-ld questin surrunding the name “Kwang Han-Hwang” recrded in The Diaries f Jhn Rabe.
Researchers annunced the cnclusin after crss-checking military recrds, family memirs(回忆录), and wartime publicatins.
Huang, wh had sht dwn several Japanese aircraft during the Battle f Shanghai, was severely injured in Nvember 1937 and later hid in Nanjing with assistance frm Gerge Fitch, wh wrked at the Safety Zne. He later mved t Rabe’s place.
Rabe sheltered him befre disguising him as a husehld servant and escrting him ut f the city n Feb 23, 1938, t Hng Kng.
Fr years, “Kwang Han-Hwang” was mistranslated due t cnfusin ver the name’s prper Chinese frm. The breakthrugh came when histrian Zhang Yuanqing fund a 1937 phtgraph in a cllectin dcumenting(记载)the War f Resistance Against Japanese Aggressin(1931-45), identifying a pilt as “Hwang Kwang-han”, which matched the diary’s spelling with nly the name rder reversed(颠倒的).
Huang’s elder brther wrte in his bk that after the fall f Nanjing, Huang Guanghan “entered the Nanjing Safety Zne fr refugees” and later “prceeded t Hng Kng fr medical treatment”. This aligns(吻合，一致)with relevant details recrded in The Diaries f Jhn Rabe.
Huang Shijun, Huang Guanghan’s sn, tld Yangtze Evening News his father had tld him f the stry. His elder sister als recalled that “ur father sent a birthday card t Jhn Rabe every year”.
Zhang Sheng, president f the Research Assciatin fr the Histry f the Nanjing Massacre(大屠杀)by Japanese Invaders, said that the cnfirmatin f Huang Guanghan’s identity highlights Rabe’s extrardinary curage and humanitarian spirit, demnstrates the fearless prtectin prvided by internatinal friends t Chinese military persnnel and civilians during the Nanjing Massacre, and supplements valuable details f the histry f the Chinese air frce’s resistance against Japanese aggressin.
1. What was the key breakthrugh in cnfirming Kwang Han-Hwang as Huang Guanghan?
A. A 1937 recrd f Huang’s birthday cards t Rabe.
B. A pht with a name matching the diary’s(except rder).
C. Military recrds related t Huang Guanghan.
D. Fitch’s memirs f a pilt in the Safety Zne.
2. What can we infer frm the passage abut Huang Guanghan and Jhn Rabe?
A. They kept a lng grateful relatinship.
B. Rabe was Huang’s military cmrade.
C. Huang became Rabe’s servant after the war.
D. Rabe helped Huang fr military purpses.
3. What des the cnfirmatin f Huang’s identity reflect?
A. Rabe’s supprt fr China’s military resistance.
B. The great value f family memirs in histry research.
C. Internatinal humanitarian aid during the Nanjing Massacre.
D. The accuracy f all recrds in The Diaries f Jhn Rabe.
4. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. Rabe’s cntributins t saving refugees.B. Identifying Huang as the refugee in Rabe’s diary.
C. Huang’s heric deeds as a pilt.D. The histrical value f Rabe’s diaries.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B
【解析】本文为纪实新闻。中国历史学家通过交叉核对军事记录、家族回忆录、战时出版物及关键史料照片，确认 1938 年约翰・拉贝从南京护送的难民 “Kwang Han-Hwang” 即为中国早期空军前中队长黄广汉。这一身份确认不仅解开了《拉贝日记》中数十年的姓名谜团，还彰显了拉贝的人道主义精神，补充了中国空军抗战史的珍贵细节。
1. 细节理解题。根据第五段“The breakthrugh came when histrian Zhang Yuanqing fund a 1937 phtgraph in a cllectin dcumenting the War f Resistance Against Japanese Aggressin(1931-45), identifying a pilt as ‘Hwang Kwang-han’, which matched the diary’s spelling with nly the name rder reversed”(突破性进展出现在历史学家张元庆在一份记录抗日战争的史料藏品中发现了一张1937年的照片，照片中一名飞行员被标注为“Hwang Kwang-han”，该姓名与日记中的拼写仅存在顺序颠倒的差异，完全吻合)可知，身份确认的关键突破点是“一张1937年的照片，其上标注的飞行员姓名与日记中的拼写仅顺序颠倒，核心完全吻合”。B项“姓名与日记匹配(仅顺序不同)的照片”与原文“matched the diary’s spelling with nly the name rder reversed”为直接对应，是符合原文的关键事实细节，故选B。
2. 推理判断题。根据第七段黄广汉女儿的回忆“ur father sent a birthday card t Jhn Rabe every year”(我们的父亲每年都会给约翰・拉贝寄生日贺卡)可知，黄广汉在战后长期坚持给拉贝寄生日贺卡，这一行为直接体现了他对拉贝救助之恩的感激，由此可推断两人保持着长期的感恩关系，故选A。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Zhang Sheng ... said that the cnfirmatin f Huang Guanghan’s identity highlights Rabe’s extrardinary curage and humanitarian spirit, demnstrates the fearless prtectin prvided by internatinal friends t Chinese military persnnel and civilians during the Nanjing Massacre”(侵华日军南京大屠杀史研究会会长张生表示，确认黄广汉的身份彰显了拉贝非凡的勇气与人道主义精神，印证了南京大屠杀期间国际友人对中国军民的无畏庇护)可知，身份确认的核心意义之一是印证了南京大屠杀期间国际友人的人道主义援助。C项“南京大屠杀期间的国际人道主义援助”与原文“fearless prtectin prvided by internatinal friends”“humanitarian spirit”为同义转述，故选C。
4. 主旨大意题。全文围绕核心事件“确认《拉贝日记》中的‘Kwang Han-Hwang’即为黄广汉”展开：首段公布研究结论，中间段落详细阐述考证过程(交叉核对多元史料、发现关键照片、亲属证言佐证)，末段说明身份确认的历史意义，所有内容均服务于这一核心事件。B项“确认黄广汉为拉贝日记中的难民” 全面概括了全文脉络，故选B。
Passage2阅读理解
In the 1930s, as mdernizatin swept acrss China, cuntless ancient buildings — carriers f centuries-ld culture — faced being frgtten. Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin became pineers f architectural preservatin, their wrk nt just dcumenting structures but rescuing a natin’s cultural memry.
Back then, their missin was a battle against time and unpleasant situatins. The architectural treasures they sught lay hidden in remte rural areas, accessible nly by muddy tracks n ft. Liang, disabled in an accident, suffered great pain with each step. Lin, struggling with a serius lung disease, depended n willpwer t stand the tugh cnditins. Inns were ften dirty, and fd was scarce and unsafe. Wrse still, the plitical unrest brught risks f attacks by ill-intentined lcals and military cnflicts. Yet nne f these discuraged them — fr they believed ancient architecture was “the living language f China’s histry.”
Their remarkable achievement came in 1937 with the discvery f Fguang Si. Built in 857 A. D. , this wden temple was the ldest surviving wden structure in China, a discvery that rewrte the cuntry’s architectural histry. T cnfirm its age, they crawled int the temple’s upper eaves — a dark space filled with bats and bedbugs. Wearing thick masks, they measured every beam and bracket, their hands trembling nt frm fear but excitement, as they fund details matching the 12th-century architectural bk Yingza Fashi. This prved China basts a prfund architectural heritage.
After 1949, their passin turned t cmbining traditin with mdernity. They c-funded Tsinghua University’s Architecture Department, training generatins f architects wh learned t respect the past while building the future. Their lifelng effrt teaches the wrld that preservatin is nt abut keeping the past unchanged, but abut making it light up the present.
5. What made Liang and Lin’s jurney in the 1930s difficult?
A. The lack f detailed maps f rural areas.
B. Their physical sufferings and difficult circumstances.
C. The ppsitin frm lcal residents t their research.
D. The shrtage f prfessinal equipment fr measurement.
6. Why was the discvery f Fguang Si significant?
A. It prved the temple was the wrld’s ldest architecture.
B. It checked the accuracy f all the recrds in Yingza Fashi.
C. It refreshed the understanding f China’s architectural histry.
D. It inspired ther schlars t study Chinese architecture.
7. What can we learn frm the last paragraph?
A. Their effrts centered n restring damaged buildings.
B. Their energy was channeled int building a new campus.
C. They integrated ancient wisdm int mdern architecture.
D. Their designs preferred traditinal elements t mdern nes.
8. Which f the fllwing best describes Liang and Lin?
A. Persistent and devted.B. Mdest and cautius.
C. Idealistic and diligent.D. Passinate and sciable.
【答案】5. B 6. C 7. C 8. A
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。20 世纪 30 年代，梁思成与林徽因克服身体病痛和恶劣环境，寻访保护古建筑，发现佛光寺改写建筑史，晚年融合传统与现代培育建筑人才。
5.细节理解题。根据第二段“The architectural treasures they sught lay hidden in remte rural areas, accessible nly by muddy tracks n ft. Liang, disabled in an accident, suffered great pain with each step. Lin, struggling with a serius lung disease, depended n willpwer t stand the tugh cnditins. Inns were ften dirty, and fd was scarce and unsafe. Wrse still, the plitical unrest brught risks f attacks by ill-intentined lcals and military cnflicts.(他们所追寻的建筑瑰宝隐藏在偏远的乡村地区，只能通过崎岖的泥泞小路步行到达。梁因一次事故致残，每走一步都承受着巨大的痛苦。林患有严重的肺病，只能依靠意志力来忍受艰苦的环境。旅馆通常肮脏不堪，食物匮乏且不安全。更糟糕的是，政治动荡带来了被不良当地人袭击以及军事冲突的风险)”可知，20世纪30年代梁和林的这段旅程艰难是因为他们所遭受的身心痛苦以及所处的艰难环境。故选B。
6.细节理解题。根据第三段“Their remarkable achievement came in 1937 with the discvery f Fguang Si. Built in 857 A. D. , this wden temple was the ldest surviving wden structure in China, a discvery that rewrte the cuntry’s architectural histry.(他们最为杰出的成就出现在1937年，当时他们发现了佛光寺。这座木制寺庙建于公元857年，是中国现存最古老的木制建筑，这一发现改写了中国建筑史)”可知，佛光寺的发现极大地丰富了人们对中国建筑历史的认识。故选C。
7.细节理解题。根据最后一段“After 1949, their passin turned t cmbining traditin with mdernity. They c-funded Tsinghua University’s Architecture Department, training generatins f architects wh learned t respect the past while building the future. Their lifelng effrt teaches the wrld that preservatin is nt abut keeping the past unchanged, but abut making it light up the present.(1949年以后，二人便将热忱倾注于传统与现代的融合之中。他们联合创办了清华大学建筑系，培养了一代又一代建筑师 —— 这些人都懂得在建设未来的同时尊重历史。二人毕生的心血向世人昭示：保护文化遗产，并非是将过去定格封存，而是要让它照亮当下)”可知，他们将古代的智慧融入到了现代建筑之中。故选C。
8.推理判断题。根据第二段“Liang, disabled in an accident, suffered great pain with each step. Lin, struggling with a serius lung disease, depended n willpwer t stand the tugh cnditins. Inns were ften dirty, and fd was scarce and unsafe.(梁因一次事故致残，每走一步都承受着巨大的痛苦。林患有严重的肺病，只能依靠意志力来忍受艰苦的环境。旅馆通常肮脏不堪，食物匮乏且不安全)”以及最后一段“After 1949, their passin turned t cmbining traditin with mdernity. They c-funded Tsinghua University’s Architecture Department, training generatins f architects wh learned t respect the past while building the future. Their lifelng effrt teaches the wrld that preservatin is nt abut keeping the past unchanged, but abut making it light up the present.(1949年以后，二人便将热忱倾注于传统与现代的融合之中。他们联合创办了清华大学建筑系，培养了一代又一代建筑师 —— 这些人都懂得在建设未来的同时尊重历史。二人毕生的心血向世人昭示：保护文化遗产，并非是将过去定格封存，而是要让它照亮当下)”可知，二人不顾身体病痛和恶劣环境，坚持走访偏远地区保护古建筑，晚年又投身教育传承理念，体现出执着（Persistent）且奉献（devted）的品质。故选A。
Passage 3 阅读七选五
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Ancient Chinese Game f G
Weiqi, knwn in English as G, is ne f the fur skills that an ancient Chinese intellectual (知识分子) culd pssess. It has a histry f well ver 4,000 years in China and remains ppular. Culturally, this activity is really “mre than just a game”.
____1____ One f China’s classics, The Rmance f the Three Kingdms, describes the famus general Guan Yu playing G while receiving surgery n his arm.
Histry bks have recrded quite a number f ardent G fans frm each dynasty. Tday, there are still many in China, Japan and Suth Krea. Wu Yulin, a prfessinal, explains its attractin, “In G, yu can learn the dialectics (辩证法) and military stratagems. ____2____ There are numerus variatins within the game and yu can never reach the bttm f it.”
____3____ Hua Yigang, Secretary General f the China G Assciatin, remarks n the character-building qualities f G. “Yu have t becme entirely calm, therwise yu can’t play it. Yu have t be very strng f mind. ____4____ Yu might make mistakes during a game, and then have t readjust yur mentality in rder t fight t the end.”
In fact, all f ur minds can benefit frm playing G, which fficially has the capacity t make yu smarter. Research has shwn that children wh play G have the ptential fr greater intelligence. ____5____
Tday, the number f G fans in China is at 36 millin and rising. Sme universities like Beijing University are even ffering curses in G t undergraduates.
A. There’s always lss and gain.
B. It’s a war between equal pwers.
C. That is because it mtivates bth the right and left sides f the brain.
D. Yu can als cultivate yur character and imprve yur intelligence.
E. But mre ften, ancient Chinese played G t cultivate their mind and character.
F. The influence f G n Chinese sciety is quite evident in literature wrks.
G. Many peple als lve this ancient game fr the Chinese philsphy it cntains.
【答案】1. F 2. D 3. E 4. A 5. C
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国围棋有益于人的智力和性格培养，并且已被某些大学纳入必修课程。
1.根据下文“One f China’s classics, The Rmance f the Three Kingdms, describes the famus general Guan Yu playing G while receiving surgery n his arm. (中国经典名著之一《三国演义》讲述了著名将领关羽在接受手臂手术时下围棋的故事)”可知，和围棋有关的故事出现在中国的一些经典名著中。F项“The influence f G n Chinese sciety is quite evident in literature wrks.(围棋对中国社会的影响在文学作品中表现得十分明显)”符合题意，下文是对选项内容的举例说明。故选F。
2.根据上文“In G, yu can learn the dialectics (辩证法) and military stratagems.(在围棋中，你可以学习辩证法和军事策略)”和下文“There are numerus variatins within the game and yu can never reach the bttm f it.(棋局中有许多变化，你永远无法触及它的底部)”可知，通过围棋我们可以学习辩证法和军事策略，并且预测不到结局。这是在描写下围棋的好处，由此可知，空处也应是描写下围棋的好处。D项“Yu can als cultivate yur character and imprve yur intelligence.(你也可以培养你的性格和提高你的智力)”符合题意。故选D。
3.根据下文“Hua Yigang, Secretary General f the China G Assciatin, remarks n the character-building qualities f G. (中国围棋协会秘书长华毅刚谈到了围棋的品格塑造)”可知，围棋可以培养人的品格和心性。E项“But mre ften, ancient Chinese played G t cultivate their mind and character. (但更多的时候，中国古人下棋是为了修身养性)”符合题意，引起下文，选项中的“cultivate their mind and character”呼应下文“the character-building qualities”。故选E。
4.根据上文“Yu have t becme entirely calm, therwise yu can’t play it. Yu have t be very strng f mind. (你必须完全冷静下来，否则你无法下。你必须有很强的意志力)”和下文“Yu might make mistakes during a game, and then have t readjust yur mentality in rder t fight t the end.” (你可能会在一场比赛中犯错误，然后为了战斗到底而重新调整自己的心态)”可知，下围棋时要有很强的意志力，在犯错后，能调整心态重新战斗。由此可知，棋局中总有得失，当失势时要调整心态重新战斗。A项“总有得失”符合题意，承上启下，“lss”呼应下文“make mistakes”。故选A。
5.空处谓语段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Research has shwn that children wh play G have the ptential fr greater intelligence. (研究表明，会玩围棋的孩子有可能获得更高的智力)”可知，围棋有助于提高孩子的智力。由此推知，下文陈述出现这样结果的原因。C项“That is because it mtivates bth the right and left sides f the brain. (这是因为它同时刺激左右脑)”符合题意，That指代上文提到的内容。故选C。
Passage 4 完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2026·山东省日照市高三上学期期中校际联合考试英）
What d Prtugal’s mnster waves, Arctic-circle cldness, and Indnesia’s trpical swells have in cmmn? They’ve all been vercme by a ____1____ wh rides with ne leg and zer limits.
“Pegleg” Bennett was brn with a birth defect that led t the ____2____ f his left ft when he was a baby. Despite this, he never let it stp him frm ____3____ his passin: surfing. Bennett, nw 55 years ld, has traveled the ____4____, surfing in famus places like Hawaii, Indnesia, and Prtugal. He even ____5____ his cuntry in a para surfing champinship and helped a device research center t ____6____ better prsthetic (假体的) legs fr surfers.
Bennett’s ____7____ fr water began early, thanks t his father, a swimmer. Grwing up, he ____8____ t surf with a special prsthetic leg, which helped him becme a(n) ____9____ surfer. As a result, he ____10____ the limits f what he culd d n the waves. In 2015, the first Adaptive Surfing Wrld Champinships were held, ____11____ a turning pint fr para surfing. Since then, the sprt has grwn ____12____, and Bennett has been a key figure, caching peple with varius ____13____. He believes that n matter the challenge, anyne can surf if they have the right supprt.
Althugh para surfing didn’t make it t the 2028 Paralympics, there is hpe that it will be ____14____ in 2032. Bennett’s stry shws that with determinatin and the right attitude, n ____15____ is t big t vercme.
1. A. sailrB. captainC. swimmerD. surfer
2. A. painB. lssC. damageD. failure
3. A. cnsumingB. decreasingC. fllwingD. discvering
4. A. wrldB. cuntryC. seaD. island
5. A. mentinedB. representedC. praisedD. recmmended
6. A. cllectB. returnC. sellD. develp
7. A. lveB. respectC. demandD. desire
8. A. startedB. prmisedC. learnedD. remembered
9. A. prudB. expertC. energeticD. devted
10. A. pushedB. setC. testedD. recgnized
11. A. breakingB. predictingC. avidingD. marking
12. A. naturallyB. frequentlyC. speedilyD. ccasinally
13. A. hbbiesB. disabilitiesC. ambitinsD. diseases
14. A. includedB. submittedC. replacedD. spnsred
15. A. differenceB. fearC. injuryD. barrier
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了独腿冲浪者“Pegleg” Bennett克服身体障碍，追逐冲浪梦想并激励他人的故事。
1. D考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们都被一位独腿冲浪者克服了，他冲浪时没有限制。A. sailr水手；B. captain船长；C. swimmer游泳者；D. surfer冲浪者。根据后文“surfing”和“surfer”可知，此处指冲浪者。故选D。
2. B考查名词词义辨析。句意：“Pegleg” Bennett出生时就有缺陷，导致他婴儿时期左脚缺失。A. pain痛苦；B. lss失去；C. damage损坏；D. failure失败。根据后文“f his left ft”以及“surf with a special prsthetic leg”可知，此处指“失去左脚”，the lss f表示“……的缺失”。故选B。
3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，他从未让它阻止自己追随自己的热情：冲浪。A. cnsuming消耗；B. decreasing减少；C. fllwing追随；D. discvering发现。根据后文“his passin: surfing”可知，身体的残缺没能够阻止他追随冲浪的热情，fllw ne’s passin为固定搭配，意为“追寻某人的热爱”。故选C。
4.考查名词词义辨析。句意：现年55岁的贝内特周游世界，在夏威夷、印度尼西亚和葡萄牙等著名冲浪胜地冲浪。A. wrld世界；B. cuntry国家；C. sea海洋；D. island岛屿。根据后文“surfing in famus places like Hawaii, Indnesia, and Prtugal”可知，他周游世界冲浪。故选A。
5.考查动词词义辨析。句意：他甚至代表国家参加了残疾人冲浪锦标赛，并帮助一家设备研究中心为冲浪者开发更好的假肢。A. mentined提及；B. represented代表；C. praised赞美；D. recmmended推荐。根据后文“his cuntry in a para surfing champinship”可知，他代表国家参加比赛，在体育赛事中represent a cuntry“代表一个国家”是固定表达。故选B。
6.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. cllect收集；B. return返回；C. sell出售；D. develp发展，开发。根据前文“a device research center”和后文“better prsthetic legs fr surfers”可知，研究中心的职责是“研发”产品，他应该是帮助开发更好的假肢。故选D。
7.考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝内特对水的热爱始于很小的时候，这要归功于他的游泳运动员父亲。A. lve爱；B. respect尊重；C. demand要求；D. desire渴望。根据前文“his passin: surfing”和后文“fr water began early”可知，他热爱和水有关的活动。故选A。
8.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在成长过程中，他学会了用一条特殊的假腿冲浪，这帮助他成为了一名冲浪专家。A. started开始；B. prmised承诺；C. learned学习；D. remembered记得。根据后文“t surf with a special prsthetic leg”可知，他学会了用假腿冲浪。故选C。
9.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. prud骄傲的；B. expert熟练的，专家的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. devted忠诚的。根据上文“t surf with a special prsthetic leg, which helped him ”结合后文他参加锦标赛、指导他人可知，学会用假腿冲浪，这帮助他成为了一名冲浪专家。故选B。
10.考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，他突破了自己在海浪中能做什么的极限。A. pushed推动，突破；B. set设置；C. tested测试；D. recgnized识别。根据后文“the limits f what he culd d n the waves”可知，他克服身体的残疾，突破极限，push the limits是固定搭配，意为“突破极限”。故选A。
11.考查动词词义辨析。句意：2015年，首届适应性冲浪世界锦标赛举行，标志着残疾人冲浪的转折点。A. breaking打破；B. predicting预测；C. aviding避免；D. marking标记，标志。根据后文“a turning pint fr para surfing”可知，首届锦标赛的举办对该运动而言是重要节点，标志着残疾人冲浪的转折点。故选D。
12.考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那以后，这项运动迅速发展，贝内特一直是一个关键人物，指导各种残疾的人。A. naturally自然地；B. frequently频繁地；C. speedily迅速地；D. ccasinally偶尔。根据上文“Since then, the sprt has grwn”和后文“Bennett has been a key figure, caching peple with varius 13 .”可知，这项运动迅速发展。故选C。
13.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. hbbies爱好；B. disabilities残疾；C. ambitins抱负；D. diseases疾病。根据上文“caching peple with varius”可知，指导对象是有“残障”的人。故选B。
14.考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管残疾人冲浪没有进入2028年残奥会，但有望在2032年被纳入。A. included包括；B. submitted提交；C. replaced取代；D. spnsred赞助。根据上文“Althugh para surfing didn’t make it t the 2028 Paralympics”可知，残疾人冲浪有望在2032年被纳入残奥会项目。故选A。
15.考查名词词义辨析。句意：贝内特的故事表明，只要有决心和正确的态度，没有克服不了的障碍。A. difference差异；B. fear害怕；C. injury伤害；D. barrier障碍。根据上文“Bennett’s stry shws that with determinatin and the right attitude”并结合他克服先天缺陷（左脚缺失）的经历，此处总结“障碍”可被克服。故选D。
Passage 5 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2025·全国高考一卷）
An exhibitin at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwrk inspired by G, r weiqi in Chinese, ____1____ riginated in China mre than 4,000 years ag.
G is ne f ____2____ earliest binary-based (基于二元的) games. The mvements f the black and white pieces reflect the basic ideas f Eastern philsphy, accrding t Tu Ningning, wh is in charge f the exhibitin.
“The exhibitin brings tgether G culture, cutting-edge technlgy and cntemprary art,” says Tu. “We hpe ____3____ (present)the rather abstract G game and AI in a visual cntext, and initiate dialgues with minimalist art, cnceptual art and expressinism.”
“In a G game, each mve shuld serve a lng-term gal. Yu try t lead the ppnent int yur trap and frce them t fllw yur ’____4____ (guide) till they lse,” explains Wang Wei, a G player amng the visitrs t the exhibitin.
“The players’ persnalities ____5____(reveal) during the game, and ne’s weaknesses are expsed t the ppnent,” she adds. “A decent winner always ____6____(try) t beat the ppnent ____7____ n mre than ne r tw pints as a gesture (姿态) f respect fr the ther side. ”
Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the ____8____(strategy) placement f the pieces, ____9____ the energy flw fllwing each mve inspired artists t create il paintings, sculptures, ____10____ (digital) generated pictures and silk-screen prints fr the exhibitin.
【答案】1. which 2. the 3. t present 4. guidance 5. are revealed 6. tries 7. by
8. strategic 9. and 10. digitally
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了上海久事美术馆举办的一场以围棋为灵感的艺术展览。
1. which考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源500多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为G, r weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2. the考查冠词。句意：围棋是最早的基于二元的棋类游戏之一。形容词最高级前用定冠词the。故填the。
3. t present考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hpe，此处为非谓语动词，hpe t d sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填t present。
4. guidance考查名词。句意：你试图引导对手进入你的陷阱，迫使他们跟随你的“引导”直到他们输掉。此处作fllw的宾语，用名词guidance“引导”，不可数名词。故填guidance。
5. are revealed考查动词语态。句意：她补充说：“玩家的个性在游戏中显露出来，一个人的弱点会暴露给对手。”本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，且主语The players’ persnalities与动词reveal“揭示，显示”为被动关系，所以空处需用一般现在时态的被动语态，主语为复数，be动词用are。故填are revealed。
6. tries考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一个不错的赢家总是尽力以仅仅一两分的优势击败对手，以表示对对方的尊重。根据always可知，本句描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语a decent winner为第三人称单数，所以谓语需用try“尽力”的第三人称单数tries。故填tries。
7. by 考查介词。句意同上。“by+具体数值”表示“以（某一差值）”，此处指“以一到两分的优势”，符合语境。故填by。
8. strategic考查形容词。句意：屠宁宁说，黑白棋子之间的平衡，棋子在策略布局上的美感，以及每一步棋所蕴含的能量流动，都激发了艺术家们为展览创作油画、雕塑、数字生成的图片和丝网版画。此处修饰名词placement，需用形容词strategic“战略性的，策略的”，作定语。故填strategic。
9. and考查连词。句意同上。the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement f the pieces, the energy flw fllwing each mve三者为并列关系，作并列主语，所以空处需用连词and。故填and。
10. digitally考查副词。句意同上。此处修饰形容词generated，需用副词digitally“数字地”，作状语。故填digitally。