2024年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题08 阅读理解七选五

这是一份2024年高考英语真题分类汇编 专题08 阅读理解七选五，共18页。

Passage1
【新课标Ⅰ卷】Nt all great writers are great spellers. If yu want t be published, it's vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ N editr is likely t tlerate a writer wh des nt take the truble t spell wrds crrectly.
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I dn't trust my laptp's spellchecker. ____37____ Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I'm ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
____38____ It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.
In additin, I have an ld tw-vlume cpy f the Shrter Oxfrd Dictinary, picked up a few years ag in a bkshp sale fr just 99 pence. Of curse, with its 2,672 pages, it's nt exactly shrt. It cntains arund 163,000 wrds, plus wrd cmbinatins and idimatic phrases. ____39____ Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there's nthing better.
Fr well ver a hundred years the mst influential English dictinary was Samuel Jhnsn's Dictinary f the English Language published in 1755. "T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk," wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.
A. I dn't ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn't want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn't always give yu enugh infrmatin.
【答案】36. F 37. B 38. E 39. A 40. D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者使用英语词典的经验和心得以及从中获得的乐趣。
【36题详解】
上文“If yu want t be published, it’s vital t submit a perfect, prfessinally presented manuscript(如果你想发表，提交一份完美的、专业的手稿是至关重要的)”提到了完美的、专业的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有语法和拼写错误是专业的手稿的要求之一。F选项“That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.(这意味着语法正确，没有拼写错误。)”是对手稿要求的进一步解释说明，符合题意。故选F项。
【37题详解】
上文“I dn’t trust my laptp’s spellchecker.(我不相信我笔记本电脑的拼写检查器。)”提到了作者不相信电脑的拼写检查器;下文“Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I’m ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers.(当然，现在有很多在线词典和同义词库，但我是一个守旧的人，更喜欢精装的书和能用手指翻阅的书页。)”提到了作者更喜欢实体书和能用手指翻阅的书页，说明电子设备可能不会考虑上下文，所以B选项“It takes n accunt f the cntext.(它不考虑上下文。)”解释了上文的原因，具有承上启下的作用。故选B项。
【38题详解】
下文“It shuld give yu a precise definitin f each wrd, thus differentiating it frm ther wrds whse meanings are similar, but nt identical. It will als usually shw hw the wrd is prnunced.(它应该给出每个单词的精确定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示单词的发音。)”提到了字典的功能，E选项“Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.(当然，字典不仅仅是用来拼写的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文内容。故选E项。
【39题详解】
下文“Hwever, if I need t check the rigin f a wrd r t lk up examples f its usage, there’s nthing better.(然而，如果我需要检查一个单词的来源或查找其用法的例子，没有什么比这更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情况，A选项“I dn’t ften use this dictinary.(我不经常用这本字典。)”是对字典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系。故选A项。
【40题详解】
上文“ “T make dictinaries is dull (乏味) wrk, ” wrte Jhnsn, illustrating ne definitin f ”dull".(约翰逊在解释“dull”的一个定义时写道：“编字典是件无聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了编写字典是件乏味的工作，下文“A few minutes spent casting yur eye ver a page r tw can be a rewarding experience.(花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。)”提到浏览字典也是一种阅读的乐趣，D选项“But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.(但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。)”是作者对字典的评价，与上文的“乏味”形成对比，与上文构成转折关系。故选D项。
Passage2
【新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Overturism Is Fr Real: Hw Can Yu Help?
Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins. ___16___ Certainly nt. The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld. Here are sme tips n making wise decisins t minimize pressure n the places we visit and imprve ur experience.
●Chse mindfully. Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu. ___17___
●Get creative. The best way t ease pressure n ver-turisted destinatins is t g smewhere else. Thugh verturism is described as a prblem affecting the entire wrld, it’s actually cncentrated t a small number f extremely ppular spts. That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm. ___18___ Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?
● ___19___ Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur. Yu’ll cmpete with fewer turists, save mney, experience a different side f a ppular place, and bst the ecnmy when turism is traditinally slwer.
Visiting a place that thers call hme is a privilege(荣幸). D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place. ___20___ Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.
A. Visit during ff-peak times.
B. S, shuld we stp traveling?
C. Travel fr yu and n ne else.
D. Can verturism be avided then?
E. Yu can still find relatively undiscvered places.
F. Yu’ll find yurself virtually alne, r clse t it.
G. Cnsider giving back t the cmmunities yu’re visiting.
【答案】16. B 17. C 18. E 19. A 20. G
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了如何避免“过度旅游”的现象。
【16题详解】
前文“Travel prmtes understanding, expands ur minds, makes us better peple, and bsts lcal ecnmies and cmmunities, but the rapid grwth f travel has led t verturism in certain regins and destinatins.(旅游促进理解，扩展我们的思想，使我们成为更好的人，促进当地经济和社区，但旅游业的快速发展导致了某些地区和目的地的过度旅游)”表明旅游带来了一些问题，后文“The lss f what travel ffers wuld be unacceptable in tday’s wrld.(在当今世界，失去旅行所能提供的东西将是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，结合后文“Certainly nt.(当然不)”可知，空处提问能否停止旅行，D选项“那么，我们应该停止旅行吗？”符合语境。故选B。
【17题详解】
前文“Overvisited destinatins are that way fr a reasn: they’re special. With s many nline psts featuring the same places, it’s easy t feel like yu’re missing ut. G smewhere nly when the landscape, culture r fd deeply draws yu.(游客过多的目的地是有原因的：它们很特别。网上有这么多关于同一个地方的帖子，很容易让你觉得你错过了。只有当风景、文化或食物深深吸引你时，才去某个地方)”表明不要跟风旅游，C选项“为你而不是其他人旅行”表明要关注自己在旅行时的感受，忠实自己的感受，不用管其余的建议，符合语境。故选C。
【18题详解】
前文“That means yu have tns f less-visited ptins t chse frm.(这意味着你有很多不太受欢迎的选择)及后文“Why nt try a reginal alternative r check ut a ppular destinatin’s lesser-knwn sights?( 为什么不尝试一个地区性的选择，或者看看一个热门目的地不太为人所知的景点呢)”提出建议，可以选择一些冷门的景点，E选项“你仍然可以找到相对未被发现的地方”语境一致。故选E。
【19题详解】
空处为小标题，根据后文“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping majr hlidays r rush hur.(通过跳过重大节假日或高峰时间来最小化影响并最大化体验)”表示旅游时要注意避开高峰期，选择合适的时间，A选项“在非高峰时间参观”概括本段内容。故选A。
【20题详解】
前文“D yur part t preserve what makes a destinatin special in the first place.(尽你的一份力，从一开始就保护一个目的地的特别之处)”表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“Yu may be amazed hw much clser yu’ll feel t the peple there.(你可能会惊讶地发现你和那里的人感觉如此亲近)”表示这样做的感受，G选项“考虑回馈你所访问的社区”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。
Passage3
【2024全国甲卷】What is mderatin (适度)? Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs. Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. ____16____ But it desn't mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve.
Take yur time. It's imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. ____17____ It actually takes a few minutes fr yur brain t tell yur bdy that it has had enugh fd, s eat slwly and stp eating befre yu feel full.
Eat with thers whenever pssible. Eating alne, “specially in frnt f the TV r cmputer, ften leads t mindless vereating. And be careful abut the fds yu keep at hand. It's mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. ____18____
Cntrl emtinal (情绪的) eating. ____19____ Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm. But by learning healthier ways t manage emtins, yu can regain cntrl ver the fd yu eat and yur feelings.
____20____ A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day. Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. Studies suggest that eating nly when yu're mst active and giving yur digestive system a lng break each day may help t regulate weight.
A Eat prperly thrughut the day.
B. We dn't always eat just t satisfy hunger.
C. Dn't swallw a meal n the way t wrk.
D. Mst f us need t duble the amunt we eat.
E. Instead, surrund yurself with healthy chices.
F. Fr many f us, mderatin means eating less than we d nw.
G. That wn't lead t cheating r giving up n yur new eating plan.
【答案】16. F 17. C 18. E 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【16题详解】
上文“Basically, it means eating nly as much fd as yur bdy needs, Yu shuld feel satisfied at the end f a meal, but nt t full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it desn’t mean saying gdbye t the fds yu lve. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在少吃。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。故选F项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Take yur time. It’s imprtant t slw dwn and think abut fd as smething nutritius rather than just smething t eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“上班路上不要狼吞虎咽。”承接上文。符合文意。故选C项。
【18题详解】
上文“It’s mre challenging t eat in mderatin if yu have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like ckies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。故选E项。
【19题详解】
根据本段首句“Cntrl emtinal (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many f us als turn t fd t deal with unpleasant emtins such as sadness, lneliness, r bredm.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。故选B项。
【20题详解】
设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start yur metablism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps yur energy up all day, Avid eating late at night. Try t eat dinner earlier and fast fr 14 — 16 hurs until breakfast the next mrning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“一整天都要适当饮食。”符合语境。故选A项。
2024年名校模拟题
Passage1
【河南一模】Very few peple can say that they have achieved all that they are capable f. But what is it that is preventing yu frm fulfilling yur ptential (潜能)?
36 They knw that they have smething special t cntribute and they are determined t make their mark. This des nt mean that they are t prud. On the cntrary, they are self critical and push themselves hard because they knw that they can achieve mre.
It is easy and natural t settle int a rut (墨守成规). Why try smething new when yu are already ding that yu are gd at? 37 They take risks. They mve ut f their cmfrt znes. They take n difficult challenges. They push themselves t acquire new skills and t face new examinatins f their abilities. 38 Where are yu right nw — inside yur cmfrt zne r taking risks?
39 Thinking and planning are great but it is actin that leads t success. It is nly by ding things and ding the right things that yu change the wrld.
Let’s face it — yur friends and family are really nice peple but they are nt challenging yu t achieve mre. Spend mre time with high flyers and psitive thinkers wh understand ambitin and achievement. Share sme f yur thughts, dreams and challenges with them. 40
A．High achievers g further.
B．This means that they run the risk f failure.
C．All successful peple have strng self-belief.
D．They can take cmfrt in mdest achievements.
E．Yu waste a lt f time every day n lw value activities.
F．They will encurage yu and give yu the direct advice yu need.
G．It is really very hard t make prgress if yu have n ambitin fr yur life.
36．C 37．A 38．B 39．E 40．F
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，作者通过阐述成功者所具有的特质分析了阻碍我们发挥潜能的一些因素，并给出了一些建议。
36．设空处为段首句；由下文“They knw that they have smething special t cntribute and they are determined t make their mark. This des nt mean that they are t prud. On the cntrary, they are self critical and push themselves hard because they knw that they can achieve mre.(他们知道他们有一些特别的贡献，他们决心要留下自己的印记。这并不意味着他们太骄傲。相反，他们是自我批评和努力推动自己，因为他们知道他们可以实现更多。)”可知，这一段主要讲一类人所具有的特质，他们知道他们能做出特别的贡献，取得更多的成就；由此可知，本段讲述的这些人非常自信；C选项“All successful peple have strng self-belief.(所有成功人士都有强烈的自信。)”指出所有成功的人都有强烈的自信，符合语境，起到引领下文的作用，下文中的“they”指代选项中的“All successful peple”。故选C。
37．上文“It is easy and natural t settle int a rut (墨守成规). Why try smething new when yu are already ding that yu are gd at?(墨守成规是很容易也很自然的。当你已经在做你擅长的事情时，为什么要尝试新的东西呢?)”指出墨守成规是很容易也很自然，并提出问题：为什么已经在做你擅长的事情还要尝试新的东西？下文“They take risks. They mve ut f their cmfrt znes. They take n difficult challenges.( 他们敢于冒险。他们走出了自己的舒适区。他们接受困难的挑战。)”指出这些人敢于冒险，走出舒适区，接受困难的挑战；A选项“High achievers g further.(高成就者走得更远。)”承上启下，回答了上文所提出的问题，指出成就高的人不会墨守成规，他们走得更远；下文承接A选项，具体说明他们如何走更远。故选A。
38．上文“They take risks. They mve ut f their cmfrt znes. They take n difficult challenges. They push themselves t acquire new skills and t face new examinatins f their abilities. (他们敢于冒险。他们走出了自己的舒适区。他们接受困难的挑战。他们强迫自己学习新技能，面对对自己能力的新考验。)”指出成就高的人敢于冒险，去挑战自我，接受对自己能力新的考验；B选项“This means that they run the risk f failure.(这意味着他们冒着失败的风险。)”总结前文，指出上文的做法意味着他们会有失败的风险，符合语境；选项中的代词“This”指代前文所阐述的内容，“run the risk f failure”与上下文中的“take risks”、“ taking risks”相呼应。故选B。
39．从下文“Thinking and planning are great but it is actin that leads t success. It is nly by ding things and ding the right things that yu change the wrld.(思考和计划是伟大的，但行动才能带来成功。只有通过做事和做正确的事情，你才能改变世界。)”可知，只有行动起来，做正确的事情才能成功；E选项“Yu waste a lt f time every day n lw value activities.(你每天在低价值的活动上浪费了很多时间。)”指出你在低价值的事上浪费了很多时间，没有做正确的事，阐述了无法实现自己的潜能的原因，符合语境。故选E。
40．上文“Spend mre time with high flyers and psitive thinkers wh understand ambitin and achievement. Share sme f yur thughts, dreams and challenges with them. (多花点时间和那些懂得抱负与成就的雄心勃勃的人和积极的思考者在一起。与他们分享你的一些想法、梦想和挑战。)”建议要和有远大目标的人、充满正能量的人分享你的想法，梦想和挑战；F选项“They will encurage yu and give yu the direct advice yu need.(他们会鼓励你，给你需要的直接建议。)”承接上文，阐述多和具有远大目标、积极的思考者在一起交流的益处，符合语境。故选F。
Passage2
（2024·河南·模拟预测）Hw t Create the Perfect Spring Planter
Spring cntainers are an easy slutin fr jazzing up a clrless balcny and bring crners f any garden at this time f year. 16
Chsing the right cntainer is imprtant. Always think abut the style f yur garden. 17 They are slid pts fr spring as they dn’t blw ver in thse early spring winds. Check that the pt has a large drainage (排水) hle t ensure that the sil drains well, but always cver it with a crck (like a piece frm a brken flwer planter) s that the sil desn’t blck the hle and create prblems with drainage later dwn the line.
Chsing the right cmpst (堆肥) is the key t the success f any planting. I think it’s best t use sil-based cmpst s that the sil des nt becme t heavy r waterlgged, especially in spring when we culd have plenty f shwers. 18 And t much water in the sil will freeze, preventing the plants frm taking up the vital water.
Plant cmbinatins are imprtant, s always think abut mixes which will last as well as annual and perennial (多年生的) nes. 19 A bunch f pts frces the eye t lk arund and take in each pt and plant cmbinatin. A nice ptin is planting summer flwers like Dahlia r Lily t create a summer impact.
20 It can be achieved by using tall plants. If yu dn’t have a tall plant then yu can always raise yur pt ff the grund with ld huse bricks r decrative pt feet, r use steps in yur garden t create interest and drama.
A pleasant smell is always a lvely additin t a space as well as wildlife. Select the right plant fr yur lcatin in yur garden－sun r shade-lving.
A．I like gd, weighty planters.
B．It can still be frsty right up t May.
C．And besides, they are s easy t care fr.
D．I als like t grup pts tgether in different sizes.
E．Capitalize n thse variatins t help chse cmpanins.
F．Yu may find sme f these plants in smaller pts r even multi-packs.
G．Height is imprtant t think abut when yu’re designing yur arrangement.
【答案】16．C 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了打造完美春季花盆的技巧，包括挑选与花园风格匹配的稳固花盆、使用土壤基质堆肥确保良好排水、植物搭配考虑持久性与季节性，以及通过高低错落布置增加观赏性。
16．由上文“Spring cntainers are an easy slutin fr jazzing up a clrless balcny and bring crners f any garden at this time f year. (春季容器是此时为无色的阳台和花园中枯燥角落增添活力的简单解决方案)”可知，本空继续讲述春季种植容器的好处，C选项“此外，它们很容易照料”继续补充说明了春季种植容器便于打理的优点，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
17．由上文“Chsing the right cntainer is imprtant. Always think abut the style f yur garden. (选择合适的容器很重要。始终要考虑你花园的风格)”可知，上文提到了选择容器的重要性以及需要考虑的因素，本空要说跟“选择容器”有关的话题，A选项“我喜欢坚固、沉稳的种植容器”是对个人偏好的具体描述，与前文关于容器的选择相呼应，能承接上文，符合题意。故选A。
18．由上文“I think it’s best t use sil-based cmpst s that the sil des nt becme t heavy r waterlgged, especially in spring when we culd have plenty f shwers. (我认为最好使用基于土壤的堆肥，这样土壤就不会变得太重或过于水浸，尤其是在春季，我们可能会有很多阵雨)”可知，上文提到了春季雨水多可能导致的问题，本空要说跟“春季天气”有关的话题，B选项“直到五月还可能有霜冻”继续补充了春季天气的另一特点，即霜冻，都是关于春季气候对植物生长影响的讨论，能承接上文，符合题意。故选B。
19．由上文“Plant cmbinatins are imprtant, s always think abut mixes which will last as well as annual and perennial nes. (植物组合很重要，所以要经常考虑那些能够持续生长以及一年生和多年生的植物组合)”可知，上文提到了植物搭配的策略，本空要说跟“植物搭配”有关的话题，D选项“我也喜欢把不同大小的花盆放在一起”进一步说明了如何通过组合花盆来营造和谐的视觉效果，与前文关于植物布局的内容紧密相连，能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
20．由下文“It can be achieved by using tall plants. If yu dn’t have a tall plant when yu can always raise yur pt ff the grund with ld huse bricks r decrative pt feet, r use steps in yur garden t create interest and drama. (这可以通过使用高大的植物来实现。如果你没有一株高大的植物，你可以用旧砖或装饰花盆的脚把你的花盆抬离地面，或者在你的花园里用台阶来创造兴趣和戏剧)”可知，上文提到了使用高大植物达到某种效果的方法，本空要说跟“设计布置”有关的话题，G选项“在设计布置时，高度是一个需要考虑的重要因素”作为引言，指出在设计植物布局时应考虑高度问题，与下文提出的解决方案相衔接。故选G。
Passage3
（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟预测）A lt f peple assume the mre wrk they put in at the gym, and the lnger and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be. 16 But if yu want t get the best gains, the key is t fcus n the quality f the wrk rather than the quantity.
Yur bdy is capable f making nly tiny adaptatins and imprvements at any ne time. Once yu've given it enugh push t make these changes, any additinal wrk yu d after that pint wn't be making yu any better. 17 This is because yu'll need lnger t recver afterwards. Besides, yu wn't feel fresh when yu start yur next sessin. Ideally, it's just enugh t d the smallest amunt f wrk required t prmte grwth in every wrkut. 18 Thus the minimum amunt f exercise brings the maximum physical gains.
19 Fr example, if a new gym-ger wants t get strnger, he might start a squat (深蹲) wrkut, which is made up f ten steps, each having five repetitins. In thery, it's a sensible way fr building strength. If he's nly attempted three steps in his previus exercise, it's far frm enugh. The furth step wuld push him past his previus limit and frce adaptatin. But the subsequent steps are meant fr mre prfessinal peple. 20
As a general rule, regardless f yur experience, aim t nly increase the vlume f any exercise by ne step frm wrkut t wrkut.
A．It seems lgical.
B．Instead, it'll harm yur prgress.
C．It's natural that yu may want t keep fit.
D．After that, yu can stp exercising during the day.
E．Only in this way can yu enjy the benefit f exercise.
F．They wuld just increase the chance f injury fr beginners.
G．Hw much exercise yu need t d depends n yur current fitness level.
【答案】16．A 17．B 18．D 19．G 20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们在锻炼的时候不能贪多，需要量力而行，逐步前进。
16．根据上文“A lt f peple assume the mre wrk they put in at the gym, and the lnger and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be. (很多人认为他们在健身房投入的工作量越多，时间越长、努力越强，他们的成绩就会越好)”以及下文“But if yu want t get the best gains, the key is t fcus n the quality f the wrk rather than the quantity. (但如果你想获得最好的收获，关键是要关注工作的质量，而不是数量) ”可知，人们普遍认为锻炼的时间越长、越刻苦，收益就越大；但是实际上，锻炼时应该更关注锻炼的质量而非锻炼的时长。空处应承上启下，将上下文衔接起来。A项“It seems lgical. (这似乎合乎逻辑)”中的It指代上文 the mre wrk they put in at the gym, and the lnger and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be这件事。故选A项。
17．根据上文“Once yu've given it enugh push t make these changes, any additinal wrk yu d after that pint wn't be making yu any better. (一旦你给了它足够的动力来做出这些改变，在那之后你所做的任何额外工作都不会让你变得更好)” 以及下文“This is because yu'll need lnger t recver afterwards. (这是因为你需要更长的时间来恢复) ”可知，空格处应与上下文语义一致，介绍过度锻炼的坏处。B项“Instead, it'll harm yur prgress. (相反，这会损害你的进步)”承上启下，符合语境，故选B项。
18．根据上文“Ideally, it's just enugh t d the smallest amunt f wrk required t prmte grwth in every wrkut. (理想情况下，在每次锻炼中只需做促进成长所需的最小工作量就足够了)”可知，空格处应承接上文，进一步说明健身时，在完成最低训练量后应该停止训练，这样才能得到最大的收益。D项“After that, yu can stp exercising during the day. (之后，你可以停止白天的运动)”承上启下，符合语境，故选D项。
19．根据下文的例子“Fr example, if a new gym-ger wants t get strnger, he might start a squat (深蹲) wrkut, which is made up f ten steps, each having five repetitins. (例如，如果一个新来健身房的人想变得更强壮，他可能会开始深蹲锻炼，由十个步骤组成，每个步骤重复五次)”可知，本段主要说明了每次锻炼的运动量如何确定。G项“Hw much exercise yu need t d depends n yur current fitness level. (你需要做多少运动取决于你目前的体能水平)”与本段内容相呼应，符合语境，故选G项。
20．根据上文“But the subsequent steps are meant fr mre prfessinal peple. (但接下来的步骤是为更专业的人准备的)”可知，后面的训练步骤是更专业的人需要做的，空处应承接上文，解释后续较难的步骤对初学者来说会有危险。F项“They wuld just increase the chance f injury fr beginners. (它们只会增加初学者受伤的机会)”符合语境，故选F项。
Passage4
（2024·重庆·模拟预测）This summer, climate change cntinues t push Earth’s weather t extremes. 16 We invite sme experts t discuss the science behind exercising in the heat, hw t keep yur bdy safe, and what t d if yu suspect yu r smene yu’re with has heat exhaustin.
17 If yu had a heavy meal like a cheeseburger, yu’ll want t wait tw t three hurs befre yur ht utdr exercise, since that fat and prtein-rich meal will take even lnger t mve thrugh the digestive prcess. Shuld yu eat after that ht run? N. Yu can hydrate right away, but wait until yu’ve cled ff t eat. That’s because digesting fd will delay getting yur bdy back t its usual temperature.
Prtect yur skin — it’s the bdy’s cling system. Yur skin and related tissues are incredibly designed t mve warm bld away frm yur cre t keep yur vital rgans cl. Any damage t yur skin r the underlying tissue prevents yur bdy frm being able t air cnditin itself. T prtect yur skin, start with sunscreen. 18 .
Wear materials that will help yur bdy breathe. 19 Wear sweat-wicking athletic clthing that allws yur skin t cl. Avid materials like cttn that basically keep the heat clse t yur bdy.
Hydrate befre, during and after exercise. Dehydratin can really happen t yu. 20 Besides, keep drinking while yu’re wrking ut.
A．Dn’t eat right befre yu head ut.
B．Try mre heat-friendly frms f exercise.
C．The type f suitable clthing yu wear can als help yu stay cl.
D．But high utside temperatures in a dry climate can als be dangerus.
E．Is a daytime run r bike ride in ht summer weather OK fr ur bdies?
F．And cnsider wearing sun-prtective clthing that blcks the sun, and include a hat.
G．Make sure yu are drinking water at least an hur befre yu head ut t exercise.
【答案】16．E 17．A 18．F 19．C 20．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些高温天气下在户外锻炼的建议。
16．根据上文“This summer, climate change cntinues t push Earth’s weather t extremes.(今年夏天，气候变化继续将地球的天气推向极端)”以及后文“We invite sme experts t discuss the science behind exercising in the heat, hw t keep yur bdy safe, and what t d if yu suspect yu r smene yu’re with has heat exhaustin.(我们邀请了一些专家来讨论在高温下运动背后的科学，如何保证你的身体安全，以及如果你怀疑你或你的伴侣患有中暑该怎么做)”可知，本句主要过渡句，引出炎热天气是否适合运动的疑问。故E选项“在炎热的夏天白天跑步或骑自行车对我们的身体好吗？”符合语境，故选E。
17．根据后文“If yu had a heavy meal like a cheeseburger, yu’ll want t wait tw t three hurs befre yur ht utdr exercise, since that fat and prtein-rich meal will take even lnger t mve thrugh the digestive prcess. Shuld yu eat after that ht run? N. Yu can hydrate right away, but wait until yu’ve cled ff t eat. That’s because digesting fd will delay getting yur bdy back t its usual temperature.(如果你吃了一顿像芝士汉堡这样的大餐，你会想等两到三个小时再进行户外运动，因为富含脂肪和蛋白质的大餐需要更长的时间才能通过消化过程。热跑之后你应该吃东西吗？不。你可以马上补充水分，但要等到身体冷却后再吃。这是因为消化食物会延迟你的身体恢复正常体温)”可知，本段的建议是出门前不要吃太多东西。故A选项“出门前不要吃东西”符合语境，故选A。
18．根据本段主旨句“Prtect yur skin — it’s the bdy’s cling system.(保护你的皮肤——这是身体的冷却系统)”可知，本段主要建议保护皮肤。前文“T prtect yur skin, start with sunscreen.(为了保护你的皮肤，从防晒霜开始)”讲述了可以使用防晒霜来保护皮肤，空处应是其他保护皮肤的方式，F项“并考虑穿宽松、轻便、能遮挡阳光的衣服。”建议穿有防晒作用的衣服，符合题意。故选F。
19．根据上文“Wear materials that will help yur bdy breathe.(穿有助于身体呼吸的衣服)”以及后文“Wear sweat-wicking athletic clthing that allws yur skin t cl. Avid materials like cttn that basically keep the heat clse t yur bdy.(穿吸汗的运动服，让皮肤降温。不要穿棉质之类的衣服，因为它们能让热量接近你的身体)”可知，本段主要就穿的衣服提出了建议，C选项中clthing对应后文clthing。故C选项“选择合适的衣服也能让你保持凉爽”符合语境，故选C。
20．根据上文“Hydrate befre, during and after exercise. Dehydratin can really happen t yu.(在运动前、运动中和运动后补充水分。脱水真的会发生在你身上)”可知，本句主要是建议补充水分。故G选项“确保你在出门锻炼前至少一个小时喝水”符合语境，故选G。
Passage5
（2024·湖南·二模）The first way we learn t cmmunicate is thrugh bdy language — ur facial expressins, ur gestures and, when we’re lder, ur pstures. Even after we figure ut hw t speak, this nn-verbal cmmunicatin still exerts (施加) a pwerful and ften uncnscius influence ver ur interactins, peple’s first impressins f us and even ur impressins f urselves. 16 .
Change hw yu feel
T de-stress: Frcing a smile can make running easier and tugh tasks less stressful. One 2012 experiment fund that a grin makes hlding yur hand in ice water mre bearable.
T feel mre cnfident: 17 . Striking this s-called pwer pse shrtly befre an interview r athletic cntest can be particularly pwerful fr wmen, wh tend t sit and stand in a way that takes up less space.
T persevere: 18 . In a 2008 study, students wh sat with their arms crssed kept wrking n an impssible prblem nearly twice as lng as thse with their arms at their sides.
Change hw thers feel
19 : Studies shw that hlding smene’s gaze may help peple think yu’re trustwrthy and intelligent. Accrding t bdy language expert Carl Kinsey Gman, it can als make peple think yu’re a gd listener.
T fster cnnectins: Mirrring the facial expressins and gestures f the persn yu’re talking t can help them feel mre cmfrtable. One 2011 experiment fund this is an effective sales skill.
T engage r disengage: If yu want t let smene knw yu’re listening, sit facing them with yur full bdy, knees and shulders pinted at them. 20 .
A．T cme acrss as sincere
B．But if yu want t spread tensin, angle yur bdy slightly away — facing full-n is cnfrntatinal (对抗性的) when things get heated
C．Here’s hw t use bdy language t everyne’s benefit
D．Making yur index finger (食指) and middle finger crssed can help yu gather strength
E．T infrm peple
F．Standing like Wnder Wman — legs apart, hands n hips, chest up — may make yu feel mre pwerful
G．Crssing yur arms acrss yur chest can help yu persist in slving a prblem
【答案】16．C 17．F 18．G 19．A 20．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了如何使用肢体语言。
16．根据上文“Even after we figure ut hw t speak, this nn-verbal cmmunicatin still exerts(施加) a pwerful and ften uncnscius influence ver ur interactins, peple’s first impressins f us and even ur impressins f urselves.”（ 即使在我们学会了如何说话之后，这种非语言交流仍然会对我们的互动、别人对我们的第一印象，甚至是我们对自己的印象产生强大的、往往是无意识的影响）可知，上文说明了肢体语言的重要性，所以要如何使用肢体语言提出建议，且总起下文的标题。故C选项“以下是如何使用肢体语言使得对每个人都有好处”切题。故选C项。
17．根据上文“T feel mre cnfident”（让自己更自信:）可知，选项承接上文说明那个动作使人更自信。故F选项“像神奇女侠一样站立——双腿分开，双手叉腰，挺胸——这会让你感觉更有力量”切题。pwerful呼应cnfident。故选F项。
18．根据下文“In a 2008 study, students wh sat with their arms crssed kept wrking n an impssible prblem nearly twice as lng as thse with their arms at their sides.
”（在2008年的一项研究中，双臂交叉坐着的学生解决不可能的问题的时间几乎是双臂放在身体两侧的学生的两倍。）可知，选项与下文主题相关，说的都是双臂交叉在胸前有助于解决问题。故G选项“双臂交叉在胸前可以帮助你坚持解决问题”切题。故选G项。
19．根据下文“Studies shw that hlding smene’s gaze may help peple think yu’re trustwrthy and intelligent. Accrding t bdy language expert Carl Kinsey Gman, it can als make peple think yu’re a gd listener.”（ 研究表明，和别人凝视会让别人觉得你值得信赖、聪明。根据肢体语言专家卡罗尔·金赛·戈曼的说法，它还可以让人们认为你是一个好的倾听者。）可知，本段主要在说要表现出真诚。故A选项“给人真诚的印象”切题，为本段的标题。故选A项。
20．根据上文“If yu want t let smene knw yu’re listening, sit facing them with yur full bdy, knees and shulders pinted at them.”（ 如果你想让别人知道你在听，那就坐着，把整个身体、膝盖和肩膀都面向他们）可知，选项承接上文说明身体部分的姿势代表了不同的意义且与上文为转折关系。故B选项“但如果你想分散紧张感，那就把身体稍微向外倾斜——当事情变得激烈时，面朝全身是对抗性的。”切题。故选B项。
Passage6
（2024·广东广州·三模）The teenage years are a transfrmative perid marked by great physical, psychlgical, and emtinal changes. 16 They refer t the feelings that arise during interactins with thers, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride.
Understanding and managing scial emtins can help develp teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range f emtins frm scial interactins, which significantly influences their self-understanding and scial awareness. In the prcess, they learn t understand, and apprpriately respnd t bth their wn emtins and thse f thers. 17
In academic settings, scial emtinal cmpetencies like self-regulatin, mtivatin, and scial awareness directly impact a teenager’s ability t learn, participate, and engage in schl activities. 18 Teenagers with strng scial emtinal skills are better equipped t handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avid risky behavirs, reducing the likelihd f develping mental health issues.
Learning scial emtins invlves a cmbinatin f persnal experience, guidance, and frmal educatin. 19 This envirnment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding f hw t cmmunicate and manage their emtins. They feel safe and supprtive t express their emtins freely and learn t manage them withut fear f judgment. Schls als play a significant rle thrugh scial emtinal learning prgrams that teach these skills in a structured envirnment. Cmmunity invlvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactins ffer additinal pprtunities fr teenagers t practice and refine their scial emtinal skills.
20 It cntributes t a teenager’s ability t manage their wn emtins, understand thers’ emtins, and face scial cmplexities. This learning is a crnerstne fr shaping their identity, influencing their interpersnal relatinships, academic success, mental health, and future life utcmes.
A．What exactly are scial emtins?
B．The jurney int mature emtin is quite easy.
C．Scial emtin learning fr teenagers is essential.
D．Central t this phase is the cncept f scial emtins.
E．This helps shape their wn persnal principles and beliefs.
F．Families play a crucial rle in mdeling and develping these skills.
G．Mrever, scial emtinal skills are clsely linked t mental health.
【答案】16．D 17．E 18．G 19．F 20．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期，说明了社会情感技能的作用和重要性。
16．根据上文“The teenage years are a transfrmative perid marked by great physical, psychlgical, and emtinal changes.(青少年时期是身体、心理和情感发生巨大变化的转变时期)”以及后文“They refer t the feelings that arise during interactins with thers, such as gratitude, shame, sympathy, guilt, and pride.(它们指的是在与他人互动时产生的感觉，比如感激、羞耻、同情、内疚和骄傲)”可知，本句主要承接上文，继续说明青少年时期的情感变化阶段，故D选项“这个阶段的核心是社会情感的概念”符合语境，故选D。
17．根据上文“Understanding and managing scial emtins can help develp teenagers’ identities. Teenagers experience a wide range f emtins frm scial interactins, which significantly influences their self-understanding and scial awareness. In the prcess, they learn t understand, and apprpriately respnd t bth their wn emtins and thse f thers.(理解和管理社会情绪可以帮助发展青少年的身份。青少年在社会交往中体验到各种各样的情绪，这对他们的自我理解和社会意识有很大的影响。在这个过程中，他们学会理解并适当地回应自己和他人的情绪)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明理解和回应自己和他人情绪的作用。故E选项“这有助于塑造他们自己的个人原则和信仰”符合语境，故选E。
18．根据后文“Teenagers with strng scial emtinal skills are better equipped t handle stress, resist peer pressure, and avid risky behavirs, reducing the likelihd f develping mental health issues.(拥有强大社交情感技能的青少年能够更好地处理压力，抵抗同辈压力，避免危险行为，减少发展心理健康问题的可能性)”可知，本句总结后文，后文主要说明了社交情感技能会影响青少年心理健康。故G选项“此外，社交情感技能与心理健康密切相关”符合语境，故选G。
19．根据后文“This envirnment influences teenagers’ earliest understanding f hw t cmmunicate and manage their emtins. They feel safe and supprtive t express their emtins freely and learn t manage them withut fear f judgment. Schls als play a significant rle thrugh scial emtinal learning prgrams that teach these skills in a structured envirnment. Cmmunity invlvement, extracurricular activities, and peer (同伴) interactins ffer additinal pprtunities fr teenagers t practice and refine their scial emtinal skills.(这种环境影响了青少年对如何沟通和管理情绪的最早理解。他们感到安全和支持自由地表达自己的情绪，并学会管理他们，而不用担心被评判。学校也通过在结构化的环境中教授这些技能的社会情感学习项目发挥了重要作用。社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动为青少年练习和完善他们的社交情感技能提供了额外的机会)”可知，后文列举了学校、社区参与、课外活动和同伴互动对培养情感技能的作用，可知本句也是在说明会影响青少年情绪技能的环境。故F选项“家庭在培养和培养这些技能方面起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选F。
20．根据后文“It cntributes t a teenager’s ability t manage their wn emtins, understand thers’ emtins, and face scial cmplexities. This learning is a crnerstne fr shaping their identity, influencing their interpersnal relatinships, academic success, mental health, and future life utcmes.(它有助于青少年管理自己的情绪，理解他人的情绪，以及面对社会复杂性的能力。这种学习是塑造他们的身份、影响他们的人际关系、学业成功、心理健康和未来生活成果的基石)”可知，本段总结了情感技能的重要性，C选项中Scial emtin learning对应后文It。故C选项“对青少年来说，社会情感学习是必不可少的”符合语境，故选C。
Passage7
（2024·重庆·三模）In mdern life, stress has becme an unwelcme cmpanin fr many. Accrding t a survey cnducted in 2023, 91 percent f adults reprted experiencing high r extreme levels f stress. 16 One alternative gaining ppularity is wellness turism, praised as the fastest-grwing sectr in the travel industry.
The change f scenery and adventurus nature f an active hliday can lead t an verall change in the dminant chemicals in ur brain, triggering releases f dpamine (多巴胺). 17 We ften see dpamine travel as a cmplete distractin frm everyday life, which prmtes meaning r grwth. Besides, such a frm f travel has been prven t increase feelings f well-being, as well as increases in general activity level. 18 This is particularly present fr utdr trips such as muntaineering r skiing where a sense f accmplishment can lead t lng lasting increases in self wrth and cnfidence.
19 Oliver Brendn, CEO f Attractin Tickets.cm adds: “The dpamine travel trend is centered n immersing yurself in exciting landscapes, which is why the brightly-clred theme parks such as Walt Disney Wrld and Universal Orland Resrt make such ppular destinatins.”
Fr mre mindful mments, surrunding yurself in nature can create a sense f adventure and escape unlike traditinal wellness getaways. 20 Ging sailing n the tranquil lazy river at Discvery Cve is anther wise chice.
A．Cnsider chsing experiences like swimming with sea life.
B．Try riding the ppular rller caster at Disney’s Hllywd Studis.
C．These benefits have been reprted as lasting up t a lng pst-hliday time.
D．This effect f certain hlidays has cined a new travel trend — dpamine travel.
E．As we struggle with this stress, prmting ur well-being has becme mst significant.
F．It’s evident that we are increasingly seeking cmfrt and refreshment in hliday experiences.
G．Just as ther dpamine trends encurage bright clrs, ur envirnments als play a, vital rle.
【答案】16．E 17．D 18．C 19．G 20．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一种新的旅游形式——多巴胺旅行，介绍了该形式的特点和好处，同时推荐了一些热门的景点和度假方式。
16．根据上文“Accrding t a survey cnducted in 2023, 91 percent f adults reprted experiencing high r extreme levels f stress.(根据2023年进行的一项调查，91%的成年人报告说他们经历了高度或极端的压力)”可知，本句应该是引出“如何减压”这个话题。E选项“当我们与这种压力作斗争时，促进我们的幸福变得最重要”符合语境。故选E。
17．根据上文“The change f scenery and adventurus nature f an active hliday can lead t an verall change in the dminant chemicals in ur brain, triggering releases f dpamine (多巴胺).(在一个充满活力的假期里，景色的变化和冒险的性质会导致我们大脑中主要化学物质的全面变化，引发多巴胺的释放)”可知，上句提出“多巴胺”，进而引出“多巴胺旅行”这一概念。D选项“某些假期的影响创造了一种新的旅行趋势——多巴胺旅行”承接上文，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据上文“Besides, such a frm f travel has been prven t increase feelings f well-being, as well as increases in general activity level.(此外，这种形式的旅行已被证明可以增加幸福感，并增加一般活动水平)”可知，本题前一个句子重点描述了这种旅行方式带给我们的帮助是些什么。C 项中的“these benefits”承接上文，本句继续补充说明这种旅行方式带来的影响。C选项“据报道，这些好处可以持续到节后很长一段时间”符合语境，故选C。
19．根据后文“Oliver Brendn, CEO f Attractin Tickets.cm adds: “The dpamine travel trend is centered n immersing yurself in exciting landscapes, which is why the brightly-clred theme parks such as Walt Disney Wrld and Universal Orland Resrt make such ppular destinatins.”(Attractin Tickets.cm的首席执行官奥利弗·布兰登补充说：“多巴胺旅游的趋势是让自己沉浸在令人兴奋的风景中，这就是为什么沃尔特·迪斯尼世界和奥兰多环球影城度假村等色彩鲜艳的主题公园成为如此受欢迎的目的地。”)”以及段落中的关键信息“the brightly-clred”可知，本段重点想讨论的是多巴胺旅行的特点之一是具备鲜明色彩的环境。G选项“就像多巴胺的其他倾向会促使颜色变亮一样，我们的环境也起着至关重要的作用”符合语境，故选G。
20．根据上文“Fr mre mindful mments, surrunding yurself in nature can create a sense f adventure and escape unlike traditinal wellness getaways.(对于更专注的时刻，置身于大自然中可以创造一种冒险和逃避的感觉，而不是传统的健康度假)”以及后文“Ging sailing n the tranquil lazy river at Discvery Cve is anther wise chice.(在探索湾宁静慵懒的河流上扬帆是另一个明智的选择)”可知，该空是举例说明多巴胺旅行的一种形式。A选项“考虑选择像和海洋生物一起游泳这样的经历”符合语境，故选A。