高考英语二轮讲义语法填空记叙文（原卷版）- （北京专用）

这是一份高考英语二轮讲义语法填空记叙文（原卷版）- （北京专用），共6页。试卷主要包含了巧用已知,降低难度,铺平道路，拼写准确,书写规范,大小写正确， I’m British等内容，欢迎下载使用。

高考英语北京卷试题，语法填空部分通常有3个不同体裁的文段，总词数在260词左右，总共设置10道小题，共计15分。主要考查基本语法知识，其中，时态和语态2或3道，非谓语动词2或3道，主从复合句1或2道，介词1道，形容词比较级0或1道，代词0或1道，名词0或1道，构词法0或1道。试题整体难度中等。
针对该部分内容，考生应学会识别考点，对考点做到心中有数。能快速识别考点的考生，10小题能取得80%—100%的正确率，其他题型的正确率也能达到至少75%。考生在做题时，在了解短文大意的基础上，从语篇着手并联系上下文，根据自己掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、生活常识、文化背景等，有逻辑地进行思考，才能得出答案。
语法填空题的最大特点是在语篇中考查语法知识。准确理解短文是做好该题型的前提。这就要求考生要重视提高阅读理解能力,平时可以选择一些难度中等的文章进行精读、细读,研究文章的写作思路、组织结构特点等,从而强化语篇意识。
1.通读全文,了解大意,把握特征,弄清文脉。篇章层面的理解主要包括文章的主旨大意,作者的观点、意图、立场,句与句之间的关系以及时态变换四个方面。
2.巧用已知,降低难度,铺平道路。有提示词的空格可视为已知条件,充分利用。所以,可先着手填有提示词的空格,注意时态、语态和名词单复数。所剩的空格越少,文章的大意越清晰,难度也会相对降低。
3.理解句意,分析结构,大胆推测,各个击破。理解了文章整体意思后,必须要看清各个句子的意思,尤其是含空格的句子的意思。分析句子结构是答题过程中很关键的一步。做题时,首先确定句子的“主谓宾”成分,看看该句子缺不缺谓语动词,然后再考虑其他成分。此时,要借助上下文的暗示或明示,确定需要填的单词的词性、形式和功能。
4.重读全篇,仔细核查,语法正确,语义连贯。做完题后,应该静下心来,仔细复读全文,关注所填的词语是否符合文意。从语义连贯、逻辑合理的角度认真复查答案的合理性和正确性,尤其注意动词、连词、介词的搭配以及名词的形式等。
5.拼写准确,书写规范,大小写正确。对于接触到的题,力求吃透每个知识点,并通过练习来进行强化和巩固。
题型01 纯空格试题，首先分析句子结构确定填哪类词
【题型诠释】
（1）缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）；
（2）名词前面，若没有限定词，很可能是填冠词或sme，any，ther，anther等限定词；
（3）名词、代词或动名词前面若已有限定词，一定是填介词；
（4）若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能填并列连词；
（5）若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词（含并列连词和从属连词），要根据句子结构和两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词；
（6）若句子结构较完整，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（d， des， did等）；
（7）若缺状语，一定是填副词（在纯空格试题中考的可能性不大，考也常常是表示逻辑连接的副词）；
（8）在冠词后，一定是名词或ne（s），ther（s）等代词。
（9）由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。
题型02 给出了动词的试题，首先确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词
【题型诠释】
（1）若句中没有别的谓语动词，所给动词就是谓语动词；
（2）若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。
（3）若是谓动词，就要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致、虚拟语气（即谓语动词“四位一体”）；
（4）若是非谓语动词就要确定用-ing形式、-ed形式还是用不定式形式，综合考虑成分、句式、时态、语态（即非谓语动词“四位一体”）
题型03 词类转换题，根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式
【题型诠释】
（1）作表语、定语或补语，用形容词形式；
（2）作主语或宾语（含介词宾语），用名词形式；
（3）冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词或数词后，用名词形式；
（4）作状语，用副词形式。
词义转换题，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-，im-，dis-等，或在词根后加-less等。
【高考真题】
（2024·北京·高考真题）
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
One day, I saw a by walking alng Gerge Street with an armful f bks. I thught ___18___ myself, “Why wuld he carry all his bks? ” Just then, sme kids ran at him, ___19___ (knck) his bks ut f his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went ut t him, and I ___20___ (jg) ver t him. As I handed him the glasses, he lked at me and said, “Thanks!”
（2023·北京·高考真题）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as nes n punctuality (守时). I’m British. Sn after mving t Switzerland, I ____11____(thrw) a huse-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests shwed up ____12____(exact) n time. Years later, having mved t France. I turned up at the appinted hur fr a dinner, nly t find that n ther guest____13____(arrive) and my hstess was still in her sleeping suit.
（2022·北京·高考真题）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Helen was walking dwn the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grcery bags. Fcused n balancing the bags, she didn’t ntice her wallet falling ut f her pcket. As Helen walked n, she heard a man charging twards her. Fearful that he might have an intentin 12 (harm) her, Helen started t run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was nly trying t return her wallet!
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Since peple can’t always eat ut r ck fr 17 (they), they get takeut r rder delivery. Mre takeut and mre fd delivery equal mre waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bttles, and bags, mst f 18 are nly gd fr ne use. That’s a big prblem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use f thse plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The wrld wn’t survive if this situatin cntinues.
（2021·北京·高考真题）
B
阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Sam is an in-real-life streamer(播主), and he live streams himself just ging abut his day. While riding his bike hme 14 a cld night, he came acrss a sad-lking elderly wman wandering the streets by herself. The pr wman wasn't able t give him any infrmatin abut 15 she lived. Sam walked her t a nearby cnvenience stre s that she culd 15 _(safe) wait fr the plice t take her hme.
（2020·北京·高考真题）
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Oliver is a hst f a TV prgramme n fd. He says fd 1 (play) a big rle in his life. "My mum was a great ck, and she'd smetimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared fr his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if yu're 2 (luck) enugh t have smene clse t yu wh enjys cking, ask them 3 yu can jin in when it's pssible.
【最新模考】
（2024·北京大兴·三模）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
After graduating frm the university 141 a bachelr’s degree in bitechnlgy in 2020, Jiang Ming started wrk as a keeper at the frest z, which is hme t mre than 3, 000 animals frm 260 species.
Brn and raised in a rural area f Jiangsu, he 142 (lve) animals and watched dcumentaries abut them since childhd.
During his jb interview at the z, when Jiang was asked 143 he had any experience in saving animals, he said the first ne he 144 (help) rescue was a small turtle his father fund in a river near his village.
（2024·北京顺义·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Davyn Jhnsn, an 11-year-ld by, was hnred by his cmmunity after saving tw lives in ne day. On Dec. 9, a chking student tripped int the classrm 158 Davyn was. Davyn did the Heimlich immediately and saved him. Hurs later, n his way hme, Davyn sptted a huse n fire. Everybdy 159 (run) ut except fr an elderly lady. As the wman struggled 160 (mve) using her walker, Davyn raced up the steps and helped her escape the burning building.
（2024·北京东城·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
When I lived in Bstn, I taught English as a secnd language t adult students frm arund the wrld. On the last day, they threw a nice party. I was amazed they had learned enugh English 198 (rganize) such an event altgether. At the end f the party, they prudly handed me a gift bx. After the bx 199 (pen), I gently lifted a beautiful cat frm it. “We went shpping fr a new cat!” they all shuted 200 wnderfully perfect English.