浙江省杭州市2025_2026学年高一英语上学期期中试题含解析

这是一份浙江省杭州市2025_2026学年高一英语上学期期中试题含解析，共32页。
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第I卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the wman d first?
A. Pick up her children. B. G shpping. C. Meet a friend.
2. What was the wman mst satisfied with?
A. The fd. B. The service. C. The rm.
3. What is the wman ding?
A. Buying a T-shirt. B. Changing a T-shirt. C. Making a cmplaint.
4. What is the relatinship between Jhn and Mary?
A. Brther and sister. B. Husband and wife. C. Friends.
5. Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a tilet. B. In a cinema. C. In a lecture hall.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6、7题。
6. Which subject is Jhn wrried abut?
A. Chemistry. B. English. C. Math.
7. What des the wman suggest Jhn d?
A. He shuld study every day. B. He shuld bring his textbk. C. He shuld write dwn key pints.
听下面一段对话，回答第8-10题。
8. Hw will the speakers g t New Yrk?
A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. By plane.
9. When will they prbably leave fr the airprt?
A.8:30a.m. B.9:30a.m. C.11:00a.m.
10. What is free fr the speakers in the trip?
A. Accmmdatin. B. Sightseeing. C. Shpping.
听下面一段对话，回答第11-13题。
11. Wh is William?
A. The man’s brther. B. The wman’s brther. C. The speakers’ neighbr.
12. What des the apartment lk like accrding t the wman?
A. It’s tiny. B. It’s dusty. C. It’s crwded.
13. What des the man mean?
A. He has determined t run a business.
B. William is mre successful than him.
C. They cannt affrd a huse like William’s.
听下面一段对话，回答第14-17题。
14. When will the reading club members meet next time?
A. At 8:00 p.m. B. At 8:30 p.m. C. At 9:00 p.m.
15. Which bk will the wman discuss with thers?
A. Gne with the Wind. B. The Kite Runner. C. Invisible Man.
16. Why is the bk called The Kite Runner?
A. The authr likes flying kites.
B. Flying kites is ppular in Afghanistan.
C. The main character jins a kite-flying match
17. Fr hw lng will the man prbably spend n his reading?
A. 15 days. B. 25 days. C. 30 days.
听下面一段独白，回答第18-20题。
18. What is the best surce f Vitamin D?
A. The fd. B. The sunlight. C. The fatty tissue.
19. Hw many types f vitamins des the speaker mentin?
A. Tw. B. Three. C. Fur.
20. Which vitamin is water-sluble vitamin?
A. Vitamin A. B. Vitamin C. C. Vitamin D.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15个小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Theme parks are magical places where adults can feel like children wh have the time f their lives. Here are fur f the wrld’s tp theme parks.
Altn Twers-Staffrdshire, England
Altn Twers is the mst visited theme park in the UK. It ffers rides such as the ppular 800-meter-lng rller caster. If yu want t experience the feeling f flying, head fr the famus ride Air, where yu’ll need t avid bjects and trees as yu sar thrugh the sky. The park als features many ther attractins, including live shws.
Tickets: £43 per adult and £21 per child. Children under the age f 3 enter fr free.
Ferrari Wrld-Yas Island, Abu Dhabi
Abu Dhabi in the Middle East is hme t the wrld’s largest indr theme park. Its main attractin is Frmula Rssa — fficially the fastest rller caster in the wrld. The ride ges frm 0 t 239 kilmeters per hur in less than five secnds. The frce is s strng that thse brave enugh t try it have t wear safety glasses.
Tickets: £40 per adult and half price fr children under 1.2 meters tall.
Disneyland Paris-Paris, France
Disneyland Paris creates a fantasy wrld that bth children and adults can enjy. Disneyland Park gives children the chance t meet their favrite Disney characters and even explre Sleeping Beauty’s castle. Exciting rller casters keep the whle family entertained fr hurs.
Tickets: £85 per adult and £81 per children. Children under the age f 3 can enjy the Disney Parks, free f charge. Fr big fans f Disneyland, a Disneyland Pass is recmmended — £289 fr adults and £223 fr children per year — allwing unlimited access t 170 days per year.
Oakwd Theme Park-Pembrkeshire, Wales
If yu’re eager t experience high-speed turns and sudden drps, this is the park fr yu. Be brave and try the Megafbia rller caster, a wden ride that’s sure t make yu scream.
Tickets: £48 per adult and £22 per children. Children under the age f 3 get in fr free.
1. Wh wuld mst likely enjy Ferrari Wrld?
A. Peple wh like Disney characters.B. Peple wh are utdr enthusiasts.
C. Peple wh prefer relaxing activities.D. Peple wh enjy thrilling experiences.
2. Hw much wuld tw adults with a 2-year-ld and a 7-year-ld spend at least fr fur visits t Disneyland Paris in a year?
A. £801.B. £1004C. £1024.D. £1328.
3. What d the fur theme parks have in cmmn?
A. They all have castles.B. They all ffer free admissin.
C. They all have rller casters.D. They are all lcated in Eurpe.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了英国、阿联酋、法国和威尔士四个世界顶级主题公园的特色项目、门票价格等核心信息。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Ferrari Wrld部分中的“Its main attractin is Frmula Rssa—fficially the fastest rller caster in the wrld. The ride ges frm 0t 239 kilmeters per hur in less than five secnds. The frce is s strng that thse brave enugh t try it have t wear safety glasses.(其主要景点是罗萨方程式过山车——官方认证的世界上最快的过山车。该过山车能在不到五秒内从0加速到239公里/小时。冲击力极强，以至于那些足够勇敢尝试的人必须戴上护目镜。)”可知，该公园以极速过山车为核心特色，充满刺激感，适合喜欢惊险体验的人。故选D项。
【2题详解】
细节计算题。根据Disneyland Paris部分中的“Fr big fans f Disneyland, a Disneyland Pass is recmmended—£289 fr adults and £223 fr children per year—allwing unlimited access 170 days per year.(对于迪士尼的忠实粉丝，推荐购买迪士尼年卡——成人每年289英镑，儿童每年223英镑，可每年无限次入园170天。)”及“Children under the age f 3 can enjy the Disney Parks, free f charge.(3岁以下儿童可免费进入迪士尼乐园。)”可知，两个成人年卡费用为289×2=578英镑，7岁儿童年卡费用为223英镑，2岁儿童免费。四次入园选择年卡最划算，总费用为578+223=801英镑。故选A项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。 根据Altn Twers-Staffrdshire, England部分中的“It ffers rides such as the ppular 800-metre-lng rller caster.(公园提供过山车等游乐设施，比如长达800米的热门过山车)”；Ferrari Wrld-Yas Island, Abu Dhabi部分中的“ Its main attractin is the Frmula Rssa—fficially the fastest rller caster in the wrld.(主要景点是Frmula Rssa——官方认证的世界上最快的过山车)”；Disneyland Paris-Paris, France部分中的“Exciting rller casters keep the whle family entertained fr hurs .(刺激的过山车可以让全家人娱乐数小时)”以及Oakwd Theme Park-Pembrkeshire, Wales部分中的“Be brave and try the Megafbia rller caster, a wden ride that’s sure t make yu scream.(勇敢一点，去坐Megafbia过山车吧，这是一辆能让你尖叫的木质过山车)”可知，所有公园的共同点是都有过山车。 故选C。
B
I’m James. Tired frm wrk, I felt life was bring and I really needed smething t change my fcus. One night I came acrss a website recmmending scuba (水肺) diving lessns. I hadn’t ever thught much abut the idea f diving befre; but its cmplete unfamiliarity sparked my interest; I decided t give it a sht! I had my training lessns at an indr swimming pl. After finishing the curses, I felt very happy and prud fr getting ver my first fear and discmfrt f breathing underwater.
Knwing I hadn’t yet experienced what real scuba diving is all abut, I spent hurs researching where the best places t dive were. Befre I knew it. I was n an airplane t Belize. Less than a day after I arrived, and just a few minutes int my first cean dive. I was already diving straight dwn and fund myself 80 feet underwater. It’s the kind f extrardinary water having such great visibility (能见度) that yu can see clearly fr hundreds f feet arund yu.
Within minutes ur 4-persn dive grup was surrunded by numerus nurse sharks, a mray eel (海鳗), large grupers and sea turtles. I was madly in lve with scuba diving. As we reached the bttm, a lne nurse shark swam right under me. Mre started t arrive. Just as I was shting pictures f the actin and nt paying attentin t anything r anyne else arund, I lked up t see a bright green threatening face headed straight fr me. He wasn’t the least bit shy. He had apparently never heard f persnal space. After he decided t swim by me withut causing any bdily harm, I was bth relieved and excited.
This will always be that ne special dive that changed everything and I get t watch it any time I find myself missing the water.
4. What pushed James t try scuba diving?
A. He had taken sme diving lessns.B. He lived in a flat near a swimming pl.
C. He wanted t escape frm wrk exhaustin.D. He had always been interested in water sprts.
5. Hw was James’s first cean dive?
A. He hadn’t trained fr it.B. He didn’t adpt a gradual strategy.
C. He immediately felt cmfrtable and saw n fear.D. He stayed near the surface and didn’t g very deep.
6. Why did James mentin sea animals?
A. T underline their diversity.B. T intrduce their wildness.
C. T demnstrate diving appealD. T prmte cean explratin
7. What is the suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw deep dwn I swam!B. Hw I vercame fear!
C. What an underwater thrill!D. What a beautiful excitement!
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者詹姆斯因工作疲惫而尝试水肺潜水，并分享了第一次深海潜水的经历和感受。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Tired frm wrk, I felt life was bring and I really needed smething t change my fcus. One night I came acrss a website recmmending scuba (水肺) diving lessns. I hadn’t ever thught much abut the idea f diving befre; but its cmplete unfamiliarity sparked my interest; I decided t give it a sht!(工作让我疲惫不堪，我觉得生活枯燥乏味，真的需要些事情来转移我的注意力。一天晚上，我偶然看到一个网站在推荐水肺潜水课程。我以前从未深入考虑过潜水这个想法，但它的完全陌生却激发了我的兴趣，我决定试一试！)”可知，詹姆斯尝试水肺潜水是因为他想摆脱工作带来的疲惫。故选C。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Less than a day after I arrived, and just a few minutes int my first cean dive. I was already diving straight dwn and fund myself 80 feet underwater.(在我到达不到一天的时间，第一次海洋潜水几分钟后，我就已经直接潜入水下，发现自己在水下80英尺。)”可知，詹姆斯的第一次海洋潜水并没有采取渐进的策略，而是直接潜入较深的水域。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Within minutes ur 4-persn dive grup was surrunded by numerus nurse sharks, a mray eel (海鳗), large grupers and sea turtles. I was madly in lve with scuba diving.(几分钟内，我们四个人的潜水小组就被许多护士鲨、一条海鳗、大石斑鱼和海龟包围了。我疯狂地爱上了水肺潜水。)”可知，詹姆斯提到海洋动物是为了展示潜水的吸引力，说明潜水时可以看到各种各样的海洋生物，这让他对潜水产生了极大的兴趣。故选C。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是最后一段“This will always be that ne special dive that changed everything and I get t watch it any time I find myself missing the water.(这将永远是那一次特别的潜水，它改变了一切，每当我发现自己想念水的时候，我都可以回顾它。)”可知，文章主要讲述了詹姆斯一次令人兴奋的水下潜水经历，这次经历对他来说意义非凡。因此，最合适的标题是“What an underwater thrill!(多么令人兴奋的水下经历啊！)”。故选C。
C
A new study frm UBC Okanagan says students appear t be using generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) respnsibly, and as a way t speed up tasks, nt just imprve their grades. Dr. Meaghan MacNutt, wh teaches prfessinal ethics (伦理学) in the UBCO Schl f Health and Exercise Sciences (HES), recently published a study which ges against cmmn cncerns abut students’ use f AI.
Students in three different curses, almst 400 participants, cmpleted a survey abut their use f AI n at least five reflective writing assignments. All three curses used an identical AI plicy and students had the chice t use the tl fr their writing.
While nly abut ne-third f the students used AI, the majrity f users, 81 percent, reprted their GenAI use was inspired by at least ne f the fllwing factrs: speed and ease in cmpleting the assignment, a desire fr high grades and a desire t learn. Abut 15 percent f the students said they were mtivated by all three factrs, with mre than 50 percent using it t save time n the assignment.
“There is a lt f speculatin (猜想) when it cmes t students’ use f AI,” MacNutt says. “Hwever, students in ur study reprted that GenAI use was mtivated mre by learning than by grades, and they are using GenAI tls selectively (有选择地) and in ways they believe are ethical and supprtive f their learning. This was smewhat unexpected due t the cmmn view that undergraduate students have becme increasingly fcused n grades at the expense f learning.”
MacNutt says cntinued research in this area can nly prvide a better understanding f student behaviur and attitudes as GenAI technlgies cntinue t advance. She als suggests, while AI cntinues t be used mre frequently, that institutins and educatrs adpt an apprach that reflects “cllabratin with” rather than “surveillance f” students.
8. What can be inferred abut Dr. MacNutt’s study?
A. Participants were t limited.B. Plicies n AI tl usage vary.
C. AI is a chice fr writing tasks.D. The survey fcused n writing skills.
9. What was the main mtivatin fr the majrity f GenAI users in the study?
A. T imprve academic perfrmance.B. T achieve higher grades effrtlessly.
C. T replace their wn writing entirely.D. T gain an abslute advantage ver thers.
10. The underlined wrd “surveillance” in paragraph 5 means ________.
A. Ignring.B. Mnitring.C. Understanding.D. Encuragement.
11. What is the significance f Dr. MacNutt’s study?
A. It highlights cmmn cncerns abut GenAI in educatin.
B. It warns that GenAI might encurage shrtcuts in learning.
C. It prves that GenAI helps students imprve their grades quickly.
D. It shws that students can use GenAI respnsibly t supprt learning.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了UBC奥肯那根分校的一项研究，发现学生使用生成AI时表现出负责任态度，主要动机是提高学习效率和辅助学习，而非仅追求高分。研究挑战了人们对学生滥用AI的常见担忧，并为教育者提供了新的思考方向。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“All three curses used an identical AI plicy and students had the chice t use the tl fr their writing. (这三门课程都使用了相同的人工智能策略，学生可以选择在写作中使用该工具。)”可知，学生可自主选择是否在写作任务中运用该工具。故选C。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“While nly abut ne-third f the students used AI, the majrity f users, 81 percent, reprted their GenAI use was inspired by at least ne f the fllwing factrs: speed and ease in cmpleting the assignment, a desire fr high grades and a desire t learn. (虽然只有大约三分之一的学生使用人工智能，但大多数用户（81%）表示，他们使用GenAI的灵感至少来自以下因素之一：完成作业的速度和易用性，对高分的渴望以及对学习的渴望。)”可知，大多数使用者的动机是多方面的，包括完成作业的便捷性、对高分的渴望以及对学习的渴望。这些因素综合起来，本质上都是为了提升学业表现。故选A。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第五段“She als suggests, while AI cntinues t be used mre frequently, that institutins and educatrs adpt an apprach that reflects “cllabratin with” rather than “surveillance f” students. (她还建议，尽管人工智能继续被更频繁地使用，但机构和教育工作者应该采取一种反映“与学生合作”而不是 学生的方法。)”，其中“surveillance”与“cllabratin with”（与……合作）形成了明显的语义对比。结合整句话的语境，可以推断出教育机构和教育者在对待学生使用人工智能这件事上，应该采取合作的态度，而不是一种对立、监管的态度。所以划线词意思是“监管”，和“Mnitring”意思相近，故选B。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“A new study frm UBC Okanagan says students appear t be using generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) respnsibly, and as a way t speed up tasks, nt just imprve their grades. (UBC奥卡纳根大学的一项新研究表明，学生们似乎在负责任地使用生成式人工智能（GenAI），并将其作为一种加速任务的方式，而不仅仅是提高成绩。)”以及第四段“Hwever, students in ur study reprted that GenAI use was mtivated mre by learning than by grades, and they are using GenAI tls selectively (有选择地) and in ways they believe are ethical and supprtive f their learning. (然而，在我们的研究中，学生们报告说，使用GenAI的动机更多的是学习而不是成绩，他们有选择性地使用GenAI工具，并以他们认为合乎道德和支持学习的方式使用。)”可知该研究的核心意义在于揭示学生能够以负责任的态度使用GenAI，并且将其作为一种辅助学习的有效方式。故选D。
Animals appear t predict (预测) earthquakes by sensing electricity in the air — the first study t find reliable evidence f the phenmenn has shwn.
Cameras shwed an “amazing” drp in the number f animals up t 23 days befre a majr quake hit their rainfrest hme at Yanachaga Natinal Park in Peru. Lead scientist Dr Rachel Grant, frm Anglia Ruskin University, said, “The results shwed that just befre the earthquake, animals’ activity drpped right dwn.”
On a nrmal (正常的) day the cameras placed arund Yanachaga Natinal Park recrd between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days befre the earthquake, the number f animals drpped t five r fewer per day. N animals were phtgraphed at all n five f the seven days immediately befre the quake.
Anther study shwed that animal activity remained nrmal in the park ver a different perid when seismic (地震的) activity was lw. C-authr, prfessr Friedemann Freund, said, “The cameras were lcated at an altitude f 900 meters. If air inizatin (电离) ccurred, the animals wuld escape t the valley belw, where there were fewer psitive ins (离子). With their ability t sense their envirnment, animals can help us understand small changes that ccur befre majr earthquakes.”
Other evidence suggested that befre the earthquake, the air arund the high muntain sites is filled with psitive ins that can be prduced when rcks are placed under stress. Psitive ins have been knwn t cause ill effects in humans as well as animals. Scientists believe the animals were made t feel uncmfrtable by the psitive ins, leading them t avid the area. They are thught t have escaped t lwer grund, where the air was less inized. The findings may help experts develp better shrt-term seismic frecasts.
12. Hw did scientists cnduct the study?
A. By cmparing different animals’ habits.
B. By bserving animals in high muntains.
C. By analyzing the phts f animals they btained.
D. By explaining the psitive in phenmenn.
13. What usually happens befre earthquakes accrding t the text?
A. The grund at a lwer altitude is less inized.
B. Cameras nrmally recrd mre animals per day.
C. The air is filled with psitive ins.
D. The activity f animals befre earthquakes is nrmal.
14. What can we learn frm the text?
A. The findings make fr lng-term seismic frecasts.
B. Animals tend t be uneasy with mre psitive ins.
C. Psitive ins make humans and animals nervus.
D. All the animals remain abnrmal befre the earthquake.
15. What can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Negative Influence f Psitive InsB. Ins’ Destructin t the Envirnment
C. Animals’ Behavir Befre EarthquakesD. Creatures’ Ability t Predict Natural Disasters
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项有可靠证据的研究，动物似乎通过感应空气中的电流来预测地震。科学家通过摄像机记录下地震前后捕捉到的动物行为的变化证明了这一项研究的可靠性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“On a nrmal (正常的) day the cameras placed arund Yanachaga Natinal Park recrd between 5 and 15 animals. But in the 23 days befre the earthquake, the number f animals drpped t five r fewer per day. N animals were phtgraphed at all n five f the seven days immediately befre the quake.(在正常的一天，放置在亚纳查加国家公园周围的摄像机记录下了5到15只动物。但在地震前的23天里，动物的数量下降到每天5只或更少。在地震发生前的7天里，有5天没有拍到任何动物)”可知，在地震前后摄像机捕捉到的动物的图像的数量是有所变化的。由此可知，科学家通过分析他们获得的动物图像进行这项研究的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Scientists believe the animals were made t feel uncmfrtable by the psitive ins, leading them t avid the area. They are thught t have escaped t lwer grund, where the air was less inized.(科学家认为，这些动物被正离子弄得感觉不舒服，导致它们避开该区域。它们被认为逃到了较低的地面，那里的空气电离程度较低)”可推知，海拔较低的地面电离程度较低。故选A。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Scientists believe the animals were made t feel uncmfrtable by the psitive ins, leading them t avid the area.(科学家认为，这些动物被正离子弄得感觉不舒服，导致它们避开该区域)”可知，动物往往对较多的正离子感到不安。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Animals appear t predict (预测) earthquakes by sensing electricity in the air — the first study t find reliable evidence f the phenmenn has shwn.(动物似乎通过感知空气中的电流来预测地震，这是首个为这一现象找到可靠证据的研究)”及下文可知，文章主要介绍了一项有可靠证据的研究，动物似乎通过感应空气中的电流来预测地震。科学家通过摄像机记录下地震前后捕捉到的动物行为的变化证明了这一项研究的可靠性。由此可知，C项“地震前动物的行为”适合作本文最佳标题。故选C。
第二节（共5个小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Hedgehg (刺猬)’s Dilemma is an idea abut wanting clse relatinships but being afraid f getting hurt emtinally. German philspher Schpenhauer used the metaphr (比喻) f hedgehgs seeking warmth n a cld winter day: they crwd tgether fr cmfrt but sn feel the pain f each ther’s quills (刺). They separate, nly t feel the cld again, eventually finding a suitable distance that allws warmth withut pain.____16____
S that’s the thery, but what des this lk like in ur everyday lives?____17____. But shuld we let these experiences stp us frm trusting peple in the future? Schpenhauer’s advice wuld prbably be “yes”.____18____Fr example, a previus study fund that individuals with strng scial cnnectins have a 50% increased likelihd f survival. Additinally, the Natinal Institute n Aging reprts that the health risks f lng-term islatin (隔离)are equal t smking 15 cigarettes a day.____19____Psychlgical therapist (心理治疗师) Hilary Sanders explains that behavirs like islatin r anger can serve as survival strategies during childhd. These defenses may prtect us fr a shrt time, but if they last t lng, they can stp us frm making real cnnectins.
In cnclusin, the natural lnging fr cnnectin drives us t seek ut meaningful relatinships, even when we knw that weakness can lead t emtinal pain. Unlike hedgehgs, humans dn’t have the quills.____20____S when we learn t lwer ur defenses fr safe peple, there’s a chance we actually can have it all—the warmth f true relatinships withut the fear f being hurt.
A. Hwever, mdern research ffers a different perspective.
B. This metaphr shws hw imprtant it is t fit in with nature.
C. Mst f the defensive reactins riginate frm early experiences.
D. These experiences can make it difficult t trust thers in the future.
E. Many peple share stries f emtinal pain frm clse relatinships.
F. This is similar t humans’ struggle t balance clseness and self-prtectin.
G. We have the ability t chse whm we trust and hw we prtect urselves.
【答案】16. F 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍刺猬困境的概念，及其在生活中的体现和相关研究观点。
【16题详解】
上文“German philspher Schpenhauer used the metaphr (比喻) f hedgehgs seeking warmth n a cld winter day: they crwd tgether fr cmfrt but sn feel the pain f each ther’s quills (刺). They separate, nly t feel the cld again, eventually finding a suitable distance that allws warmth withut pain.(德国哲学家叔本华用刺猬在寒冷冬日取暖的比喻：它们挤在一起取暖，但很快就会感受到彼此刺的疼痛。它们分开，却又再次感到寒冷，最终找到一个合适的距离，既能取暖又不会疼痛。)”描述了刺猬困境的具体情况，F选项“This is similar t humans’ struggle t balance clseness and self-prtectin.(这反映了人类在平衡亲密关系和自我保护之间的挣扎。)”中的“This”指代上文刺猬的例子，且准确地总结出该例子所反映的人类在亲密关系和自我保护间的挣扎，承接上文，符合语境。故选F项。
【17题详解】
上文“S that’s the thery, but what des this lk like in ur everyday lives? (这就是这个理论，但在我们的日常生活中这是什么样的呢?)”引出在生活中刺猬困境的体现这一话题，下文“But shuld we let these experiences stp us frm trusting peple in the future? Schpenhauer’s advice wuld prbably be “yes”. (但是我们应该让这些经历阻碍我们在未来放下戒备吗? )”中的“these experiences”提示上文应提及一些经历，E选项“Many peple share stries f emtinal pain frm clse relatinships.(许多人都有过来自亲密关系的情感痛苦的经历。)”既回答了上文关于生活中刺猬困境的问题，又引出下文对这些经历影响的讨论，符合语境。故选E项。
【18题详解】
上文“But shuld we let these experiences stp us frm trusting peple in the future? Schpenhauer’s advice wuld prbably be “yes”. (但我们应该让这些经历阻止我们在未来放松警惕吗? 叔本华的建议可能是“是的”)”表明叔本华的观点，下文“Fr example, a previus study fund that individuals with strng scial cnnectins have a 50% increased likelihd f survival. Additinally, the Natinal Institute n Aging reprts that the health risks f lng-term islatin (隔离) are equal t smking 15 cigarettes a day. (例如，一项分析了148项涉及308,849名参与者的研究的综述发现，拥有强大社交关系的个体生存的可能性增加了50%。此外，国家老龄化研究所报告称，长期隔离的健康风险相当于每天抽15支烟。)”通过研究表明亲密关系的好处，与叔本华的观点相反，A选项“Hwever, mdern research ffers a different perspective.(然而，现代研究提供了不同的观点。)”起到转折作用，引出下文与叔本华观点不同的现代研究内容，符合语境。故选A项。
【19题详解】
下文“Psychlgical therapist (心理治疗师) Hilary Sanders explains that behavirs like islatin r anger can serve as survival strategies during childhd. These defenses may prtect us fr a shrt time, but if they last t lng, they can stp us frm making real cnnectins. (心理治疗师希拉里·桑德斯解释说，像孤立或愤怒这样的行为在童年时期可以作为生存策略。虽然这些防御机制可能提供短期保护，但如果持续下去，它们可能会阻碍有意义的联系。)”说明一些防御行为的起源和影响，C选项“Mst f the defensive reactins riginate frm early experiences. (大多数防御反应源于早期经历。)”中的“defensive reactins”与下文“these defenses”相呼应，且概括了下文关于防御行为起源的内容，引出下文具体解释，符合语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】
上文“Unlike hedgehgs, humans dn’t have the quills.(与刺猬不同，人类没有天生的刺。)”指出人类与刺猬的不同，下文“S when we learn t lwer ur defenses fr safe peple, there’s a chance we actually can have it all—the warmth f true relatinships withut the fear f being hurt. (所以，当我们学会为可靠的人放下防备时，我们实际上有可能拥有一切——真正关系的温暖而无需害怕受伤。)”说明人类可以为可靠的人放下防备，G 选项“We have the ability t chse whm we trust and hw we prtect urselves. (我们有能力选择我们信任的人，以及如何保护自己。)”承上启下，既体现了人类与刺猬的不同，即人类有选择和保护自己的能力，又引出下文为可靠的人放下防备的内容，符合语境。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用（共四节，满分55分）
第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
One evening I was running late fr a meeting and I passed a friend in the hallway. My friend asked the daily ____21____ questin, “Hw are yu ding?” Hwever, rather than give the ____22____ respnse, “Gd, hw abut yu?” I decided t ____23____ my dissatisfactin with traffic, peple wh can’t ____24____ their cellphnes at traffic lights, pr visin in the rain and everything else abut my ____25____ jurney t wrk.
Instead f shwing sympathy, my friend asked a challenging questin, “What wuld have happened if yur guardian angel hadn’t ____26____ thse traffic prblems?” The inference was that I might have been ____27____ smething much wrse than being late fr a meeting. My ____28____ reactin was t laugh and walk n, but later I began t ____29____ what he had asked. Over the next few days, the mre I thught abut this questin, the mre ____30____ I was able t see in it.
I thught abut my family experiences as well as the things that had happened t me, and the seed he had ____31____ started t grw. I remembered my uncle wh was late fr a flight and the flight he had ____32____ crashed dwn. I remembered when ____33____kept me frm accidents n the same rad I was traveling n.
Ever since my friend gave me his advice in the frm f a ____34____, I have becme less stressed. Keeping the advice in mind makes me feel mre ____35____ and has imprved my life.
21. A. frmalB. rutineC. annyingD. awkward
22. A. cnfusedB. impressiveC. expectedD. unique
23. A. spreadB. cntainC. eruptD. crack
24. A. turn nB. put dwnC. pick utD. take up
25. A. thughtfulB. delightfulC. stressfulD. careful
26. A. packedB. createdC. masteredD. swept
27. A. savedB. sparedC. fferedD. made
28. A. psitiveB. quickC. extremeD. immediate
29. A. think verB. care abutC. make upD. check ut
30. A. chancesB. wisdmC. cncernD. skills
31. A. cllectedB. transprtedC. plantedD. purchased
32. A. frgttenB. missedC. revisedD. barded
33. A. delaysB. schedulesC. trapsD. events
34. A. dialgueB. lectureC. questinD. statement
35. A. under cntrlB. at easeC. n handD. in charge
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己某天因开会迟到而心情烦躁，在向朋友抱怨通勤路上的种种不顺时，朋友的一个问题引发了作者对生活态度的深入思考。作者通过回忆生活中的经历，逐渐领悟到要珍惜当下、感恩生活中的点滴，并因此变得更加从容。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友问了一个日常问题：“你过得怎么样？”A. frmal正式的；B. rutine日常的；C. annying恼人的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据后文““Hw are yu ding?””可知，朋友问的是日常问候语。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我没有给出预期的回答“很好，你呢？”A. cnfused困惑的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. expected预期的；D. unique独特的。根据后文““Gd, hw abut yu?””可知，这是通常人们对于问候的预期回答。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定把我对交通堵塞、红绿灯前不肯放下手机的人、雨中视线不佳以及我上班途中紧张的一切不满都发泄出来。A. spread传播；B. cntain包含；C. erupt爆发，发泄；D. crack破裂。根据后文“my dissatisfactin with traffic”可知，此处指发泄对交通的不满。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我决定把我对交通堵塞、红绿灯前不肯放下手机的人、雨中视线不佳以及我上班途中紧张的一切不满都发泄出来。A. turn n打开；B. put dwn放下；C. pick ut挑选出；D. take up占据。根据后文“their cellphnes at traffic lights”可知，此处指在红绿灯前不放下手机的人。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决定把我对交通堵塞、红绿灯前不肯放下手机的人、雨中视线不佳以及我上班途中有压力的一切不满都发泄出来。A. thughtful体贴的；B. delightful令人愉快的；C. stressful有压力的；D. careful仔细的。根据上文“I decided t 3 my dissatisfactin with traffic, peple wh can’t 4 their cellphnes at traffic lights, pr visin in the rain”可知，作者在抱怨上班路上有压力的事情。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友没有表示同情，而是问了一个有挑战性的问题：“如果你的守护天使没有制造这些交通问题，会发生什么？”A. packed打包；B. created创造、制造；C. mastered掌握；D. swept打扫。根据后文“thse traffic prblems”可知，此处指制造交通问题。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由此得出的结论是，我侥幸逃脱了比开会迟到更糟糕的事情。A. saved拯救；B. spared侥幸逃脱；C. ffered提供；D. made制作。根据后文“smething much wrse than being late fr a meeting”可知，此处指侥幸逃脱了比开会迟到更糟糕的事情。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我立即的反应是笑着走开，但后来我开始仔细考虑他问的问题。A. psitive积极的；B. quick快的；C. extreme极端的；D. immediate立即的。根据前文“The inference was that I might have been 7 smething much wrse than being late fr a meeting. ”后文“t laugh and walk n”可知朋友的意思是作者侥幸逃脱了比开会迟到更糟糕的事情，所以作者立即的反应是笑着走开。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我立即的反应是笑着走开，但后来我开始仔细考虑他问的问题。A. think ver仔细考虑；B. care abut关心；C. make up编造；D. check ut结账离开。根据后文“Over the next few days, the mre I thught abut this questin”可知，作者开始仔细考虑朋友问的问题。故选A。
30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几天里，我对这个问题的思考越多，就越能从中看到智慧。A. chances机会；B. wisdm智慧；C. cncern关心；D. skills技能。根据后文作者回忆生活中的经历以及“Keeping the advice in mind makes me feel mre 15 and has imprved my life.”可知，作者从朋友的问题中看到了智慧。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想到了我的家庭经历以及发生在我身上的事情，他播下的种子开始发芽。A. cllected收集；B. transprted运输；C. planted种植；D. purchased购买。根据后文“started t grw”可知，此处指朋友的问题在作者心里播下了种子。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我记得我叔叔赶不上航班，而他所错过的航班坠毁了。A. frgtten忘记；B. missed错过；C. revised复习；D. barded登机。根据上文“my uncle wh was late fr a flight and the flight he had”以及后文“crashed dwn”可知，叔叔错过了坠毁的航班。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我记得有一次延误使我在同一条路上避免了事故。A. delays延误；B. schedules时间表；C. traps陷阱；D. events事件。根据后文“kept me frm accidents n the same rad I was traveling n”可知，延误使作者避免了事故。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从我的朋友以问题的形式给我建议以来，我的压力减轻了。A. dialgue对话；B. lecture讲座；C. questin问题；D. statement声明。根据上文“my friend asked a challenging questin”可知，朋友以问题的形式给了作者建议。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：记住这个建议让我感到更轻松，也改善了我的生活。A. under cntrl在控制中；B. at ease轻松；C. n hand在手边；D. in charge负责。根据前文“I have becme less stressed”以及后文“has imprved my life”可知，记住这个建议让作者感到更轻松，也改善了作者的生活。故选B。
第Ⅱ卷
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词或括号内单词的正确形式）。
While parents and educatrs wrry that children have been ding t little exercise, a sixth grade class frm RDFZ Chayang Schl finished their 100th 5-kilmeter mrning jgging prgram n Saturday t celebrate their upcming ____36____(graduate).
____37____ (strengthen) their physical fitness, the prgram is rganized every Saturday mrning with the guidance f a parent cach. Their first run in September 2021 prved that____38____beginning is always the hardest. After running fr hundreds f meters, sme students ____39____(feel) shrtness f breath, while thers had t lean n each ther ____40____supprt t reach the finish line. Despite the challenges, their____41____(effrt) have cntinued since the prgram began.
Natinal surveys have shwn a rapid increase in the number f verweight teenagers. Accrding t data ____42____(publish) at the 10th China Obesity Science Cnference, ne in five peple aged 6 t 17 is verweight r bese (肥胖), up frm ne in 20 in 1995.
The gvernment has nticed the cnnectin between the decline in physical exercise and health prblems. In respnse, a series f measures, such as the natinwide “duble reductin” plicy,____43____(intrduce) t reduce students’ academic pressure ____44____increase their exercise time in recent years. The sixth grade jgging prgram prvides a platfrm,_____45_____students can experience health, happiness and friendship thrugh physical activity.
【答案】36. graduatin
37. T strengthen
38. the 39. felt
40. fr 41. effrts
42. published
43. have been intrduced
44. and 45. where
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要讲述了人大附中朝阳学校六年级一个班级为庆祝即将到来的毕业，完成了第100次5公里晨跑活动。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：在家长和教育工作者担心孩子们锻炼太少的时候，人大附中朝阳学校六年级的一个班级在周六完成了他们第100次5公里晨跑项目，以庆祝即将到来的毕业。空前有形容词性物主代词their和upcming修饰，此处应用名词形式，graduate的名词为graduatin，意为“毕业”，是不可数名词。故填graduatin。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：为了增强他们的身体素质，这个项目在一位家长教练的指导下，每周六上午组织进行。此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，表示组织该项目的目的是增强学生身体素质，所以用T strengthen，句首首字母大写。故填T strengthen。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：他们在2021年9月的第一次跑步证明了万事开头难。此处特指“开头”这件事，应用定冠词the。故填the。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：跑了几百米后，一些学生感到呼吸急促，而另一些学生不得不互相依靠来支撑着到达终点线。根据语境，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，feel的过去式为felt。故填felt。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：跑了几百米后，一些学生感到呼吸急促，而另一些学生不得不互相依靠来获得支撑到达终点线。此处表示目的，意为“为了获得支撑”，应用介词fr。故填fr。
【41题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：尽管面临挑战，但自项目开始以来，他们一直在努力。effrt表示“努力”时常用复数形式，且根据空后的have可知，此处应用复数effrts。故填effrts。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据在第十届中国肥胖科学大会上公布的数据，6至17岁的人群中，五分之一超重或肥胖，而1995年这一比例为二十分之一。句子已有谓语动词has shwn，此处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，data与publish之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词published。故填published。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：作为回应，近年来一系列措施，如全国性的“双减”政策，已经被推出，以减轻学生学业压力并增加他们的锻炼时间。根据时间状语in recent years可知，此处应用现在完成时，且句子主语a series f measures与intrduce之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为“have/has + been +过去分词”，主语a series f measures是复数，所以用have been intrduced。故填have been intrduced。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：作为回应，近年来一系列措施，如全国性的“双减”政策，已经被推出，以减轻学生学业压力并增加他们的锻炼时间。reduce students’ academic pressure和increase their exercise time之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
【45题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：六年级的慢跑项目提供了一个平台，在这个平台上学生们可以通过体育活动体验健康、快乐和友谊。此处为定语从句，先行词为a platfrm，在从句中作抽象地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
第三节 单词填空（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下列句子，根据中文提示，填写出单词的正确形式。
46. Cllege students ften take extra curses t make their resumes mre ___________ (有竞争力的) when applying fr jbs.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cmpetitive
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：大学生在申请工作时，经常会选修额外课程，以使自己的简历更具竞争力。根据汉语提示“有竞争力的”可知，本空用形容词cmpetitive，作宾语resumes的补足语。故填cmpetitive。
47. The sldiers returned hme after a lng battle, celebrated fr their __________ (光荣的) victry. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】glrius
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：士兵们经过长时间战斗后凯旋，因他们光荣的胜利而受到赞颂。根据汉语提示“光荣的”，这里要用形容词glrius，修饰victry，在句中作定语。故填glrius。
48. Her perfrmance in the cmpetitin was s impressive that it is hardly __________ (可相比的) t anyne else’s. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】cmparable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：她在比赛中的表现如此出色，以至于其他人的表现几乎无法与之相比。“可相比的”对应的英文是cmparable，形容词作表语。故填cmparable。
49. McFall, a British Paralympic brnze medalist, shwed great __________ (运动员的) talent in the 100m sprint at the 2008 Beijing Paralympics. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】athletic
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：McFall，一位英国残奥会铜牌得主，在2008年北京残奥会的100米短跑中展现了伟大的运动员的才能。根据汉语提示“运动员的”和句意，此处需要形容词athletic作定语，修饰talent，表示“运动方面的”。故填athletic。
50. The __________ (百分比) f students chsing nline curses rse sharply, as it ffered mre chances t balance study and life. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】percentage
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：选择在线课程的学生比例急剧上升，因为这为平衡学习与生活提供了更多机会。根据汉语提示以及上文定冠词The和下文f可知，此处使用名词percentage，作主语。故填percentage。
51. In the harsh desert envirnment, finding enugh water and fd is crucial fr the __________ (存活) f bth humans and animals.. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】survival
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在严酷的沙漠环境中，为人类和动物找到足够的水和食物对于它们的存活至关重要。根据汉语提示“存活”和句意，此处为名词survival作介词fr的宾语。故填survival。
52. When several financial __________ (危机) hit the small twn during the past years, lcal shps clsed ne by ne, leaving many families struggling t make ends meet. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】crises
【解析】
【详解】考查名词的数。句意：在过去几年里，当几次金融危机关乎这个小镇时，当地商店一家接一家倒闭，让许多家庭难以维持生计。根据汉语提示以及上文several修饰可数名词复数可知，此处应填名词crisis的复数形式crises，作从句的主语。故填crises。
53. Such behavir is ttally __________ (不可接受的) in a civilized sciety. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】unacceptable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在文明社会中，这种行为是完全不可接受的。根据汉语提示“不可接受的”，这里应填形容词unacceptable，在句中作表语。故填unacceptable。
54. There is a grwing __________ (认可) that health is the mst imprtant aspect f ur lives. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】recgnitin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：人们越来越认识到健康是我们生活中最重要的方面。根据汉语提示“认可”以及空前不定冠词a和形容词grwing可知，此处应填可数名词单数recgnitin作主语。故填recgnitin。
55. The ld library __________ (摧毁) cmpletely in the fire last week held thusands f rare bks, making lcals feel deep srrw. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)
【答案】destryed
【解析】
【详解】考查过去分词。句意：上周在大火中被完全摧毁的旧图书馆藏有数千本珍本，这让当地人深感悲痛。根据汉语提示“摧毁”，且此处修饰名词“The ld library”，应用过去分词destryed作定语，表示被动和完成的动作。故填destryed。
第四节 课文填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
56. When Michael Jrdan’s feet left the grund, time seemed t_________ . (根据句意填空)
【答案】stand still
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：当迈克尔·乔丹的双脚离开地面时，时间似乎静止了。表示“静止”用短语为stand still，t后用动词原形。故填stand still。
57. The player wh became knwn as “Air Jrdan” changed basketball with his _________ _________ and jumps. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. graceful ②. mves
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和名词。句意：这位被称为“飞人乔丹”的球员以他优雅的动作和跳跃改变了篮球。根据The player wh became knwn as “Air Jrdan”可知，此处是指以他优雅的动作和跳跃，表示“优雅的”应用形容词graceful作定语，表示“动作”应用名词mve，此处mve为可数名词，根据and jumps可知，此处应用复数形式。故填graceful mves。
58. Jrdan says that _________ _________ _________ his success is learning frm his failures. “I can accept failure; everyne fails at smething. But I can’t accept nt trying.” (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. the ②. secret ③. t
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：乔丹说他成功的秘诀是从失败中学习。“我可以接受失败；每个人都会在某些事情上失败。但我不能接受不尝试。”根据“his success is learning frm his failures”可知，句中使用固定搭配secret t sth.“某事的秘诀”，此处特指乔丹成功的秘诀，用the表特指。故填①the②secret③t。
59. Bricks cvered the grund like _________ _________ _________, but n wind culd blw them away. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. red ②. autumn ③. leaves
【解析】
【详解】考查名词、形容词。句意：砖块像红色的秋叶一样铺满地面，但没有风能把它们吹走。根据 “Bricks cvered the grund like”可知，用red autumn leaves“红色的秋叶”，秋叶通常铺满地面且符合“无风能吹走”的语境，其中形容词red作前置定语，修饰autumn leaves；树叶不止一个，用复数形式，作like的宾语。故填①red②autumn③leaves。
60. Mst bridges had fallen r were nt safe t crss. The railway tracks were nw useless _________ _________ _________. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. pieces ②. f ③. metal
【解析】
【详解】考查短语。句意：大多数桥梁已经倒塌或过桥不安全。铁轨现在成了一堆无用的废铁。根据空前“The railway tracks were nw useless”可知，pieces f metal表示“金属碎片”，在句中作表语，符合语境。故填①pieces②f③metal。
61. _________ sleeping n the flr, a yung man in Teheran saved up fr years t buy a real bed. (根据句意填空)
【答案】Tired f
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词短语。句意：厌倦了在地板上睡觉，德黑兰的一个年轻人攒了好几年的钱去买了一张真正的床。根据下文“saved up fr years t buy a real bed”可推断，应是厌倦了在地板上睡觉，tired f ding sth.“厌倦做某事”，形容词短语作原因状语。故填Tired f。
62. He slept very well fr the first tw nights, but n the third night, a strm blew up. A_________ ________ _________swept the bed ff the rf and sent it crashing int the curtyard belw. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ① gust ②. f ③. wind
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：前两晚他睡得非常香，但到了第三晚，一场暴风雨袭来。一阵狂风将床从屋顶刮了下来，床重重地摔到了下面的院子里。根据句意，“将床从屋顶刮了下来的是一阵风，表示“一阵风”用a gust f wind。故填①gust；②f；③wind。
63. My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things gt s bad recently that he decided t _________ ________ ________ ________ (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. g ②. n ③. a ④. diet
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我的朋友休一直很胖，但最近情况变得太糟了，他决定节食。根据句意可知设空处意思是节食，结合上文“decided t d sth”（决定做某事）的固定搭配可知，此处应填动词原形，“g n a diet”符合“因肥胖问题严重而采取饮食控制”的语境。故填①g②n③a④diet。
64. He explained that his diet was s strict that he had t________ _______ ccasinally. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. reward ②. himself
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和代词。句意：他解释说他的饮食控制得太严格了，以至于偶尔不得不奖励自己一下。根据句意，可知设空处为奖励自己，主语是he，所以应为reward himself，接在情态动词后，应用动词原形。故填reward；himself。
65. We have just ________ _______ a new huse and I have been wrking hard all mrning. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. mved ②. in
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：我们刚搬进新房子，我辛辛苦苦地干了一个上午。结合“a new huse”可知，动词短语mve in“搬进，迁入”符合题意，表示“搬进新房子”，结合空前的“have”可知，时态为现在完成时，因此需用mve的过去分词形式。故填mved in。
66. I have been trying t get my new rm________ _______. This has nt been easy because I wn ver a thusand bks. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. in ②. rder
【解析】
【详解】考查介词短语。句意：我已经一直在努力整理我新房间。这并不容易，因为我有超过一千本书。根据句意，此处需要一个介词短语表示“（使）井然有序”，in rder表示“井然有序的，整齐的”符合题意。故填①in②rder。
67. At last firemen have ________ _______ a big frest fire in Califrnia. Since then, they have been trying t find ut hw the fire began. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. put ②. ut
【解析】
【详解】考查动词短语。句意：消防员们终于扑灭了加利福尼亚的一场森林大火。从那以后，他们一直试图查明火灾是如何开始的。根据句意可知，此处表示“扑灭大火”，应使用动词短语put ut，结合空前的have可知，句子为现在完成时，put的过去分词形式仍为put。故填①put②ut。
68. Frest fires are ften caused by brken glass r by cigarette ends which peple________ _______ _________. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. carelessly ②. thrw ③. away
【解析】
【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：森林火灾通常是由碎玻璃或人们随意扔掉的烟头引起的。根据“cigarette ends”可知，此处指人们随意扔掉的烟头，“扔掉”用动词短语thrw away表达，作定语从句的谓语，句子陈述一般事实，用一般现在时，主语which指代cigarette ends，为复数意义，谓语动词用复数形式，“随意地”用副词carelessly表达。故填①carelessly；②thrw；③away。
69. Clear thinking requires a cmmand f the English language. And the fifth grade is the ideal time fr every girl and by t________ _______ _______ _______（增加词汇能力）. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. expand ②. the ③. vcabulary ④. skills
【解析】
【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：清晰的思维需要掌握英语语言。而五年级是每个男孩和女孩增加词汇能力的理想时期。“增加词汇能力”强调扩充词汇相关的能力，“expand”有“扩大、增加”之意，“vcabulary skills”表示“词汇能力”，接在不定式后用动词原形。故填expand； the； vcabulary； skills。
70. They were dark gray and if she turned them n full pwer, they culd make yu feel like a _______ (非常渺小，简直跟灰尘一样). (根据句意填空)
【答案】a speck f dust
【解析】
【详解】考查名词短语。句意：它们是深灰色的，如果她把它们开到最大功率，它们能让你感觉自己像一粒尘埃。 “a speck f dust”意思是“一粒尘埃”，在句中作宾语，符合语境。故填a speck f dust。
第四部分 应用文写作（满分15分）
71. 假定你是李华，你班交换生Jenny计划加入一个校园社团，目前在“运动校园”（Schl Fitness Club）与“云游中国”（Online Turism in China）之间犹豫不决。请你给她写一封邮件，内容需包含以下两点：
1.给出你的建议；
2.阐述建议的理由。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右：
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
Dear Jenny,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jenny,
I knw yu’re trn between Schl Fitness Club and Online Turism in China. I’d recmmend Schl Fitness Club.
Regular exercise is crucial fr ur physical and mental health. In this club, yu can participate in varius sprts activities like basketball and yga, which will help yu relieve stress frm study. Mrever, it’s a great chance t make friends with students wh share the same interest in sprts, thus expanding yur scial circle.
I believe this club will bring yu a mre vibrant campus life.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。请考生写一封信，就交换生Jenny计划加入一个校园社团，目前在“运动校园”（Schl Fitness Club）与“云游中国”（Online Turism in China）之间犹豫不决给出建议并阐述建议的理由。
【详解】1.词汇积累：
犹豫不决的：trn→hesitant
推荐：recmmend→suggest
至关重要的：crucial→vital
扩大：expand→enlarge
2.句式拓展：
同义句
原句：Regular exercise is crucial fr ur physical and mental health.
拓展句：It is crucial fr ur physical and mental health t have regular exercise.
【点睛】【高分句型1】 In this club, yu can participate in varius sprts activities like basketball and yga, which will help yu relieve stress frm study.（运用which引导的非限定性定语从句）
【高分句型 2】 Mrever, it's a great chance t make friends with students wh share the same interest in sprts, thus expanding yur scial circle.（运用了wh 引导的定语从句）
英语背诵题（新）
第三节：单词填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下列句子，根据首字母，填写出单词的正确形式。
72. After years f practice, she became f________ in spken English. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】fluent##luent
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：经过多年的练习，她口语英语变得非常流利。根据首字母提示和句意，此处需要形容词作表语，表示“流利的”用fluent。故填fluent。
73. Many students find the advanced mathematics curse c________, as it tests the limits f their creative prblem-slving. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】challenging##hallenging
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：许多学生发现高等数学课程具有挑战性，因为它考验他们创造性解决问题的极限。此处为“find + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构，该空需要一个形容词作宾语补足语，形容高等数学课程，根据下文“it tests the limits f their creative prblem-slving”可知，高等数学很难，非常有挑战性，结合首字母c可知，形容词challenging意为“有难度的，有挑战性的”符合题意。故填challenging。
74. I sincerely hpe my r________ is ging t be helpful t yu and wish yu a pleasant jurney. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recmmendatin##ecmmendatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我衷心希望我的建议能对你有所帮助，并祝你旅途愉快。根据首字母“r”及“be helpful t yu”可知，此处为名词recmmendatin；空前有形容词性物主代词“my”修饰，且结合“is”可知用单数形式，表“一条建议”。故填recmmendatin。
75. The artist finally gained internatinal r________ fr her unique style f painting. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】recgnitin##ecgnitin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这位艺术家终于因其独特的绘画风格获得了国际认可。设空处需要一个名词来作动词gained的宾语，根据首字母和句意，此处表示“认可，承认”用recgnitin。故填recgnitin。
76. The htel ffers cmfrtable a________ fr all its guests. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】accmmdatin##ccmmdatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这家酒店为所有客人提供舒适的住宿。设空处需要填入一个名词，根据首字母和句意提示，此处表示“住宿，住所，住宿设施”用名词accmmdatin。故填accmmdatin。
77. Fr mre detailed infrmatin, yu can visit ur ________ website. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】fficial##fficial
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：想要获取更详细的信息，你可以访问我们的官方网站。根据首字母及语境，这里需用形容词fficial，表示“官方的”，修饰website，在句中作定语。故填fficial。
78. The ftball match will be held in the newly built schl s________. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】stadium##tadium
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：这场足球比赛将在新建的学校体育场举行。根据首字母和句意“体育场”可知，用名词stadium作宾语，此处特指新建的那座体育场，用单数形式即可。故填stadium。
79. He has an a________ spirit and is always eager t explre the unknwn (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】adventurus##dventurus
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：他有着冒险精神，总是渴望探索未知事物。根据单词首字母“a”以及句意“冒险的”，结合名词“spirit” 可知，此处应填形容词作定语，修饰名词，“adventurus”（冒险的）符合“渴望探索未知”的语境。故填adventurus。
80. T ur amazement, he wn a gld m________in the swimming match. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】medal##edal
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：令我们惊讶的是，他在游泳比赛中赢得了一枚金牌。根据单词首字母“m”以及句意“奖牌”，结合上文不定冠词“a”和形容词“gld”可知，此处应填可数名词单数medal作宾语，“gld medal”为固定搭配，意为“金牌”。故填medal。
81. Knwing yur wn s________ and weaknesses is the first step t self-imprvement. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】strengths##trengths
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：了解你自己的优点和缺点是自我提升的第一步。设空处需要一个名词与weaknesses并列，共同作宾语，根据首字母和句意，此处为strength表示“优势，强项”，为可数名词，结合下文的“weaknesses ”可知，此处表示复数意义。故填strengths。
第四节：课文填空（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
82. Ry Trentn used t drive a taxi. A shrt while ag, hwever, he became a bus driver and he has nt ________it. (根据句意填空)
【答案】regretted
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：罗伊・特伦顿以前是开出租车的。然而不久前，他成了一名公交车司机，而且他从未后悔过。根据前文“used t drive a taxi”（以前开出租车）与“became a bus driver”（成为公交车司机）的转折关系，可知，后文意思是没有后悔，应用动词regret，结合“has nt”可知，应用过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填regretted。
83. Shrtly afterwards, the plice stpped the car and bth men were ________. (根据句意填空)
【答案】arrested
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：不久之后，警察拦下了车，两名男子都被逮捕了。根据语境，arrest表示“逮捕”符合语境，主语bth men与arrest之间是被动关系，结合were可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，即“were +过去分词”，所以填arrested。故填arrested。
84. She is a strng swimmer and many peple feel that she is sure t________(根据句意填空).
【答案】succeed
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：她是一名实力强劲的游泳选手，很多人都认为她肯定会成功。根据前文“strng swimmer”（实力强劲的游泳选手）的语境提示，可知应是成功，结合“be sure t d sth”（肯定会做某事）的固定搭配，此处应填动词原形。故填succeed。
85. He had n sner returned ________ he bught a huse and went t live there. (根据句意填空)
【答案】than
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他刚一回来，就买了一栋房子，然后搬去那里住了。根据前文“had n sner returned”可知，此处是固定句型n “一……就……”，连接两个并列分句，符合“刚完成一个动作就紧接着做另一个动作”的语境。故填than。
86. Almst immediately he began t cmplain abut the weather, fr even thugh it was still summer, it rained ________ and it was ften bitterly cld. (根据句意填空)
【答案】cntinually
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：他几乎立刻就开始抱怨天气，因为尽管还是夏天，却持续下雨，而且常常冷得刺骨。空处修饰动词rained，可用副词cntinually“持续地、频繁地”，作状语，强调动作反复发生。故填cntinually。
87. A gust f wind swept the bed ff the rf and sent it ________int the curtyard belw. The yung man didn’t wake up until the bed had ________the grund. Althugh the bed was smashed t pieces, the man was__________unhurt, (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. crashing ②. struck ③. miraculusly
【解析】
【详解】考查现在分词，过去分词和副词。句意：一阵大风把床从屋顶刮了下来，让它猛地摔进了下面的院子里。那个年轻人直到床撞到地上才醒来。虽然床摔得粉碎，但那个人却奇迹般地没有受伤。空1根据句意可知是动词crash，作动词sent的宾语补足语，和宾语it之间是主动关系，应用现在分词crashing。根据句意可知空2意思是“撞击”，用动词strike，结合上文“had”可知，此处为过去完成时，需用过去分词struck；根据句意可知空3意思是“奇迹般地”，修饰形容词“unhurt”，用副词miraculusly作状语。故填crashing；struck；miraculusly。
88. It was bvius that he was very ________.When I asked him what he was ding, he smiled ________and then put the parcel n the desk. (根据句意填空)
【答案】 ①. embarrassed ②. guiltily
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词和副词。句意：很明显他非常尴尬。当我问他在做什么时，他内疚地笑了笑，然后把包裹放在桌子上。第一空，embarrassed是形容词，“感到尴尬的”，在句中作表语；第二空，guiltily是副词，“内疚地”，修饰动词smiled，作状语，符合语境。故填embarrassed；guiltily。
89. Sme students even becme ________t the Internet and cannt cncentrate n schl and family life. (根据句意填空)
【答案】addicted
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：有些学生甚至对互联网上瘾，无法集中精力处理学校和家庭生活。设空处使用形容词作表语，根据句意，“学生们无法集中精力处理学校和家庭生活”，表示“学生们互联网上瘾”；此处表示“对……上瘾”，用addicted。故填addicted。
90. After reaching yur ________, yu will have a day t explre and be amazed by this ancient city. (根据句意填空)
【答案】destinatin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：到达目的地后，您将有一天的时间探索这座古老的城市，并为之惊叹。空处作动词reach的宾语，结合下文“yu will have a day t explre and be amazed by this ancient city.”可知，此处指到达目的地，名词destinatin“目的地”符合题意，特指某个目的地，应用单数形式。故填destinatin。
91 Inca builders cut stnes t ________sizes s that nthing was needed t hld walls tgether ther than the perfect fit f the stnes. (根据句意填空)
【答案】exact
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：印加建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，这样除了石头的完美配合外，不需要任何东西来连接墙壁。设空处应为形容词，修饰名词sizes，作前置定语，根据“s that nthing was needed t hld walls tgether ther than the perfect fit f the stnes.(这样除了石头的完美配合外，不需要任何东西来连接墙壁。)”可知，是把石头切割成精确的尺寸，用形容词exact“精确的”。故填exact。
92. The player wh became knwn as “Air Jrdan” changed basketball with his ________ mves and jumps. (根据句意填空)
【答案】graceful
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：那位被称为“飞人乔丹”的运动员，用他优美的动作和跳跃改变了篮球运动。根据名词“mves and jumps (动作和跳跃)”可知，此处应填形容词作定语，“graceful”符合“飞人乔丹的动作兼具美感与爆发力”的语境。故填graceful。
93. Jrdan always seemed t find a way t win. Jrdan says the secret t his success is learning frm his________. (根据句意填空)
【答案】failures
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：乔丹似乎总能找到赢球的方法。乔丹说，他成功的秘诀是从失败中吸取教训。分析句子可知，此处位于形容词性物主代词之后，填名词作j介词frm的宾语，根据句意可知，此处表示“失败”，名词failure符合题意，且指具体的事，用复数形式表泛指。故填failures。