北京市平谷区高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）-A4

这是一份北京市平谷区高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）-A4，共10页。试卷主要包含了考试结束，请将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
注意事项
1．本试卷共12页，包括三部分，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。
2．在答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级和姓名。
3．试题答案一律填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4．在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他试题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
5．考试结束，请将答题卡交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分)
第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Becky Schreder was nly 10 years ld when she came up with an idea f the glwing (发光的) paper (gl-paper). The ___1___ came t her when she tried t d her hmewrk in the car, while her mther shpped fr grceries. It was getting dark, and she culdn’t see her ntebk very well. She imagined hw nice it wuld be t have a paper that glws in the dark and ___2___ her t write effrtlessly withut light.
Mst kids will stp that ___3___, but Becky tk it a step further. She decided t invent a prduct that wuld d just that.
She researched flurescent (荧光灯) and hw fireflies ___4___ and eventually remembered seeing glw in the dark tys, such as balls and Frisbees. She started researching hw they wrked and fund ut they all used phsphrescent (发磷光的) paint which ___5___ energy when a light shines n it and then radiates it as a glw in the dark, after the light is switched ff.
The next day she went with her dad t the stre and returned hme with a bucket f phsphrescent paint. In the darkest rm, she spent the evening ___6___ with the paint and a pile f paper. The gl-paper cnsists f a bard ___7___ with phsphrescent paint that stres light when expsed t light. It then glws in the dark. She said, “Yu must find it very ___8___ , because nce a sheet f paper is placed n it, it glws and yu can see yur writing r read withut the need fr an uter surce f light.”
The ___9___ was a huge success. It has been used by phtgraphers fr their dark rms, emergency medical peple in ambulances and _____10_____ by NASA wh asked t use it when their electrical systems were turned dwn fr recharging.
1. A. inspiratinB. wisdmC. dreamD. interest
2. A. demandsB. frcesC. prmisesD. allws
3. A. intentinB. imaginatinC. requestD. faith
4. A. flew ffB. reflected ffC. lit upD. let ut
5. A. stresB. givesC. changesD. remains
6. A. achievingB. packingC. equippingD. experimenting
7. A. mixedB. wentC. catedD. cnnected
8. A. differentB. magicalC. uniqueD. attractive
9. A. inventinB. impactC. planD. prject
10. A. stillB. justC. everD. even
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
There are eight species f panglin (穿山甲) and, sadly, they are all threatened with extinctin. Accrding t data, a panglin is caught ____11____ (illegal) every three minutes. Many cuntries ____12____ (take) measures t prtect them in recent years. But that des nt stp the illegal trade. It has increased because f grwing demand. Their skins are used t make leather gds like bts, bags and belts. Their meat ____13____ (cnsider) a delicacy in sme cuntries, and their scales are used in traditinal medicine.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
If yu feel that there is mre t cpe with as yu get lder yu’re nt alne. But new research suggests that peple ____14____ bunce back better frm tugh times culd enjy lnger lifespans. The new study, ____15____ (publishing) in BMJ Mental Health, shwed that adults with the highest levels f mental resilience in lder age had the lwest chance f dying, ____16____ (cut) their risk f death frm all causes by a huge 53 percent.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
I cme frm Kashmir. ____17____ (seek) a better jb pprtunity, I mved t Shanghai in 2022. Here in Shanghai, peple leave bicycles unlcked, bags unattended, and walk freely ____18____ a secnd thught abut their safety. Yu pick up ____19____ (delivery) withut flashing receipts, and peple treat yu nt as an utsider but as smene wh belngs. Fr the first time, I felt ____20____ it was like t trust a city itself, letting it embrace me withut being cautius like I usually was.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
MMath, the Natinal Museum f Mathematics, is an award-winning museum that highlights the rle f mathematics in clarifying the patterns and structures all arund us. Its dynamic exhibits, galleries, and prgrams are designed t stimulate inquiry, spark curisity, and reveal the wnders f mathematics. The Museum’s innvative exhibits will engage visitrs f every age, frm 1 t 100!
Mathematical Fun fr Everyne
Bring exciting math exhibits t yur schl: Request a visit frm MMath’s traveling exhibitin Math Midway 2 G (MM2GO), a suite f six interactive mathematics exhibits available fr presentatin at a wide variety f venues, including schls, cmmunity centers, science festivals, and libraries. Experience hw hands-n activities attract and engage students, highlighting the wnder f mathematics. Learn mre at mm2g. rg.
Reinvent math class with Expansins MMath’s gifted prgram: An after-schl, in-persn math prgram designed t engage and challenge the mst talented math students, Expansins will inspire students in grades 1 — 9 and braden their mathematical hrizns. Apply fr admissin at expansins. mmath. rg.
Fr senir citizens and mature adults: In MMath’s 45-minute Senir Sessins, yu will enjy the discvery and challenges f these interactive activities led by MMath’s educatin staff as yu engage with a cllegial chrt f mature minds. Register at senirsessins. mmath. rg.
Bk yur child’s math-themed birthday parties (and mre!) at MMath: Hst a ne-f-a-kind partyyu’re yur child (r yurself) at MMath! Learn mre at birthdays. mmath. rg.
Sign up fr persnal math tutring: MMath ffers limited private tutring fr grades K-12 with certified educatrs wh have far-reaching experience successfully teaching students nline and in the classrm. Whether yur child needs assistance with hmewrk r exam preparatin, r they’re eager t discver the beauty in mathematics beynd the curriculum, MMath’s instructrs are ready t help. Fr mre infrmatin, please email [email protected].
21. Which f the fllwing is a prgram designed fr the brightest math students?
A. Expansins.B. Senir Sessins.
C. Math Midway 2 G.D. Math-themed birthday parties.
22. Wh can prvide ne-n-ne math tutring at MMath?
A. Retired mathematicians.B. Cllege student vlunteers.
C. Experienced and certified educatrs.D. A new teacher with a teaching certificate.
23. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T prvide math tutring services.
B. T reveal the wnders f mathematics.
C. T recmmend a mathematics museum fr all ages.
D. T highlight the rle f mathematics in ur daily lives.
B
When I wke frm surgery, I received sme unexpected and unpleasant news. My dctr tld me that I had cancer. The dreaded “C wrd!” Questins and emtins flded me. Was I ging t live? What was ging t happen next? Hw wuld I tell my lved nes? Wuld I lse my hair?
Frm then n, everything happened s quickly. Chemtherapy (化疗) began tw weeks later. I learned that n days furteen thrugh seventeen f my treatments, my hair wuld start falling ut. I had been married fr nly six mnths. Hw wuld my husband feel abut a pale, puffy-faced bald wife with scars and all the ther dreaded ptential side effects f my upcming jurney? Hw wuld I regain the strength, cnfidence and charm that attracted him t me? Shuld I ffer him a pass? After all, he certainly did nt sign up fr this.
I was terrified and felt pwerless and alne. Hw culd I regain my balance? Rather than passively watching my hair g, I decided t take cntrl. On the furteenth day, I checked int a fabulus ceanfrnt htel, equipped with all kinds f wigs (假发) and champagne. My daughter and clsest girlfriends met me there with scissrs in hand t have a Head Shaving Party. I always lve a party and this certainly was an riginal theme.
Truthfully, I culd nt bear t see the shcked, fearful lks n their faces ne by ne when seeing me bald fr the first time. Instead, I made them part f creating my “new lk”. We laughed and cried as each f them tk turns cutting and shaving my head. We shared a clse relatinship that mst peple never share. It was ne f the mst memrable days f my life. Standing n the balcny with the wind n my bald scalp, I felt liberated. Instead f feeling weak and insecure I felt an inner beauty and unstppable strength and curage!
I changed that day. I expsed my head and sul t them. I realized that nne f us really knws the future, nly the present matters. S I wn’t waste time wrrying. I must spend it celebrating the lve, friendship, and jy that surrund me. I chse t live fully each day, with r withut hair.
24. Frm the questins in the first tw paragraphs, we can learn the authr felt ______
A. Discuraged.B. AngryC. Amazed.D. Anxius.
25. Hw did the authr cpe with the effects f Chemtherapy?
A. She ften wre all kinds f wigs.B. She rganized a special party happily.
C. She had t cut all her hair ff herself.D. She stayed in a htel t get thrugh this difficult time.
26. What made the authr regain curage?
A. Her new lk and inner beauty.B. The hpe f recvery frm illness.
C. The encuragement frm her dctr.D. Her determinatin t face reality actively.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. We nly get ne life, s live it.B. Ups and dwns make ne strng.
C. Nthing is impssible fr a willing heart.D. Jint effrt is the key t slving prblems.
C
Plants prduce juicy, sweet fruit with seeds inside s that birds and fruit-eating mammals are attracted int taking a bite. Then, these animals fly r ram far and wide and, nce they’ve digested their meal, excrete (排泄) the seeds tgether with the rest f their waste. In ding s, these hungry animals help plants, which can’t mve, t travel and spread their seeds acrss a wider range.
This is at the base f hw hundreds f ecsystems wrk and has been since the dawn f time. Hwever, a grwing bdy f research is starting t suggest that mammals and birds are far frm the nly nes shaping hw seeds travel and spread plant life t new parts f the wrld. Tiny insects and invertebrates (无脊椎动物) play a crucial rle, t.
Ants are perhaps the mst well-knwn seed-spreading insects. They spread seeds frm particular plants. The ants carry the seed t their nest, eat and thrw away the seed, either by carrying it t the surface r placing it int rubbish piles deep undergrund, accrding t Prf Ellen Simms, a bilgist at the University f Califrnia.
Other insects are thught t help spread seeds by excreting them, like mammals and birds. Fr example, centimetre-lng wdlice eat the small fruits f an Asian plant. Then, they excrete ver 30 percent f the dust-like seeds still whle enugh t take rt in the sil and grw, accrding t research published in the jurnal Peple, Plants, Planet earlier this year. These tiny invertebrates set a new recrd fr the smallest and lightest animals t participate in seed spread after intake.
Similarly, Japanese camel crickets (灶马蟋) eat and excrete the seeds f a leafy Asian shrub, accrding t a new study published last mnth. The plant, fund alng mist, shaded frests, has small and runded fruits cntaining thusands f tiny seeds. Once the fruits fall t the grund, the crickets chew frcefully and then excrete pellets with mre than 78 percent f the seeds whle and ready t grw.
This is the first evidence f insects acting as seed-spreaders fr a light-harvesting green plants in regins where land-dwelling mammals are als present t d the jb. This challenges the lng-held idea that the spread f seeds by insects is a special case — their rle may be much mre widespread and eclgically imprtant than previusly understd.
28. The authr mentins ants and ther insects t ______.
A. explain hw they help spread seeds
B. cntrast with ther animals in spreading seeds
C. intrduce several tiny insects and invertebrates
D. highlight the eclgical imprtance f these specific insects
29. What illustrative methd des the authr use in this passage?
A. Examples and research findings.B. Direct statement withut evidence.
C. Persnal pinins and experiences.D. Cmparative analysis f different theries.
30. What can we infer frm the passage?
A. There shuld be less research int seed spread by insects.
B. Insects play a less imprtant rle than mammals and birds.
C. Insects are mre widespread in seed-spread than we realize.
D Land-dwelling mammals are mre effective than insects at spreading seeds.
D
One f the primary benefits f AI chatbts in mental health care is their enhanced accessibility and ability t prvide immediate supprt. Traditinal mental health services ften require appintments, which can invlve lng waiting perids. In cntrast, AI chatbts are always n standby 24/7, ffering instant supprt regardless f the time r lcatin. This cnstant availability can be especially beneficial during mments f crisis, prviding users with immediate assistance and resurces.
AI chatbts als have a glbal reach, making mental health supprt accessible t individuals in remte r underserved areas. Accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin, there is a significant shrtage f mental health prfessinals, particularly in lw-and middle-incme cuntries. AI chatbts can help bridge this gap by ffering supprt t thse withut access t mental health care.
Mental health discredit remains a significant barrier t seeking help. Many individuals avid reaching ut t mental health prfessinals due t fear f judgment r embarrassment. AI chatbts ffer a private and annymus (匿名的) space fr users t express their feelings and thughts withut fear f judgment. This annymity can encurage mre individuals t seek help and engage in cnversatins abut their mental health, ptentially leading t earlier interventin and better utcmes.
Research supprts the cncept that annymity prvided by chatbts can reduce discredit. A study by Smith and Andersn fund that individuals are mre likely t discuss private issues when they feel their identity is prtected. This can be particularly imprtant fr vulnerable ppulatins wh may be hesitant t seek help frm human therapists due t scial r cultural discredit.
Despite their advantages; Al chatbts have ntable limitatins, particularly their ability t prvide delicate emtinal supprt. Mental health issues are cmplex and deeply persnal, ften requiring a level f empathy and understanding that AI currently cannt cpy. While chatbts can ffer essential supprt and infrmatin, they lack the emtinal intelligence t fully grasp the user’s delicate emtins and experiences. This can result in respnses that may seem generic r inapprpriate, failing t effectively meet the user’s needs.
Privacy and data security cncerns are anther significant challenge. Users share sensitive and persnal infrmatin with these applicatins, and there is always a risk that this data culd be hacked. Data leaks r misuse f infrmatin culd have severe cnsequences fr users, ptentially wrsening their mental health issues.
Lastly, there is a risk that individuals may becme verly reliant n chatbts fr their mental health needs, ptentially neglecting the imprtance f seeking prfessinal help. Chatbts are nt equipped t diagnse r treat severe mental health cnditins, and relying nly n them culd lead t missed diagnses and inadequate treatment.
31. What makes AI chatbts different frm traditinal mental health services?
A. They can ffer mre prfessinal advice.
B. They are always available fr their users.
C. They can reduce discussing the sensitive issues.
D. They cntribute t the develpment f mental health prfessinals.
32. What des the wrd “vulnerable” underlined in Paragraph 4 mst prbably mean?
A. High-risk.B. Careful.C. Serius.D. Sensitive.
33. What can be inferred abut mental health care?
A. AI chatbts can fully grasp the user’s emtins.
B. Chatbt users shuld be cncerned abut privacy and data security.
C. Mental health prfessinals will be replaced by chatbts in the future.
D. Traditinal mental health services make users likely t share their real feelings.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. The Future f Mental Health Care: AI Chatbts.
B. Traditinal Mental Health Services vs. AI Chatbts.
C. Overcming Mental Health Discredit with AI Chatbts.
D. AI Chatbts fr Mental Health: Opprtunities and Limitatins.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Music is ne f the mst enjyable human experiences. Music is an ever-present cmpanin t peple’s everyday lives. ____35____ We listen t music and experience emtins in the absence f any events causing us t feel jy, sadness, r excitement. Over the past several decades, schlars have prpsed several purpses that listening t music might fulfill.
The key reasn peple listen t music lies in the reward center f the brain. Listening t pleasurable music activates areas f the reward system. Musical pleasure arises when a pattern is interrupted in sme way. Listeners experience strng emtins when smething unexpected happens. ____36____ Abut 2 percent f the general ppulatin dn’t feel this way. This inability t get pleasure specifically frm music has been called tne-deafness.
____37____ Music distracts ur minds frm the utside wrld. The use f music as backgrund entertainment serves t get us int a psitive md r t becme mre alert. Music can relax the bdy because brain waves are able t g with the rhythm f a sng. Peple’s mds can reflect what they chse t listen t. Fast r energetic music may make peple feel alert and pumped, while slw music calms them dwn.
Music is als ne f the strngest means fr arusing feelings f nstalgia (怀旧). Listening t music that was played a lt during a significant life event (e. g., a family celebratin) many years ag can trigger a deeply nstalgic emtinal experience. ____38____ Maybe we have just cme t hear a particular sng as sad because we have learned t assciate it with an experience f lss.
Peple can use music t express their identity and values t thers. Music helps us t shw that we belng t a given scial grup. Fr example listening t innvative music can serve t cmmunicate the belief that ne is creative and uncnventinal. ____39____
A. S music is part f wh we are.
B. Music prvides a means f escape.
C. We use music t cnnect with ur inner selves.
D. Music can serve as a reminder t shw brain waves
E. The feeling is nt the music, but in what it reminds us.
F. Music can change ur md, emtins, mtivatin, and mvement.
G. Hwever, nt everyne experiences intense emtinal respnses t music.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Salary is ften an imprtant cnsideratin when applying fr and chsing a jb. Peple ften weigh their financial needs against jbs that might fulfill their passins in different industries. Learning abut these tw factrs t cnsider when pursuing a career can help yu decide if ne might be mre imprtant fr yur prfessinal and persnal life.
A significant benefit f a high-paying jb is that yu’ll likely have mre mney fr things yu want and need. Because emplyers may distribute cmpensatin differently, yu may have mre r less mney at certain times f the year. Still, a jb that pays well can help yu affrd necessities like huse and car payments, fd and utility bills.
Aside frm paying fr usual wants and needs, a jb with a high salary can prvide yu with extra mnetary security in case f emergencies. If yu have extra incme frm a high-paying jb, yu can put it int a savings accunt that can help cver surprise expenses, like a mve t a new hme r a new baby. Yu might als get additinal benefits, like a pensin r retirement accunt, that can prepare yu fr a secure future.
In cntrast, chsing a jb yu’re passinate abut can increase yur prductivity. This benefits bth yu and yur emplyer, as yu may be mre likely t get mre wrk dne in a shrter amunt f time and generate psitive utcmes while ding smething yu enjy. Increased prductivity can help yu get prmtins and new knwledge pprtunities that may prmte yur career grwth.
Peple wh wrk jbs they lve are likely t have a greater sense f cntentment and fulfillment. Since peple spend much f their lives at wrk, sme may find it essential t feel satisfactin frm the respnsibilities f their rle because it makes them feel gd abut what they d and hw they affect thers. This type f happiness can increase verall well-being and encurage a persn t stay in their jb fr a lng time.
If yu’re cnsidering a jb that pays well instead f the ne yu lve, think abut hw much time yu’ll have t enjy the expendable incme yu might receive. If yu want t chse a jb fr which yu’re passinate, cnsider hw much mney yu’ll have t d things in yur free time.
40. What factrs d peple ften cnsider when lking fr a jb?
_________________________________________________________________________
41. Hw will increased prductivity help yu?
_________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
Peple can experience happiness because they spend much f their lives at wrk.
_________________________________________________________________________
43. Apart frm the factrs mentined in the passage, what else will yu take int cnsideratin when lking fr a jb? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
44. 假设你是李华，你的外国朋友Jim在邮件中对你校开展的阳光体育每天五公里活动(“Sunshine Sprts-5KM Running Every Day” activity)表现出浓厚兴趣。请你给他用英语回一封邮件介绍该活动，内容包括：
1.活动目的；2.活动内容及感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua