北京市朝阳区高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）-A4

这是一份北京市朝阳区高二上学期期末考试英语试题（原卷版）-A4，共10页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(考试时间100分钟 满分100分)
本试卷共10 页。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答， 在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分 知识运用 (共三节， 30分)
第一节 完形填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文， 掌握其大意， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Fr anyne wh has taken the path t High Rck Lkut (瞭望台) in Washingtn, they’ll knw it’s hard. Hwever, the 79-year-ld wman Bannister was ___1___ f getting t the lkut because she had gne up many times befre.
As Bannister ___2___, she made it t the tp. When she began heading back dwn, she caught her ft in a hle and ___3___ frward hard. By the time she turned herself right side up, she fund her ft was pinting the wrng way.
In pain she cried ut fr help. Befre lng tw yung hikers Jack and Allen came t her side and called 911. A search and rescue team said they’d be there in 5 hurs, which ___4___ everybdy. Bannister asked the yung men if they had any painkillers, and they ___5___ they did nt. Realising the wman had nthing t help herself fr 5 upcming hurs f great pain, Jack tk actin. Lifting her ___6___ nt his back, he began the slw, careful jurney dwnhill. Jack hiked three-quarters f the jurney, while Allen tk care f the remaining distance.
Once they ___7___, Allen sped Bannister ff t the hspital. The dctrs tld her she had brken several bnes and that it might have been a lt wrse withut the ___8___ help. She then began a lng rad t recvery that saw peple cme and visit her, including Jack and Allen, wh wn an achievement medal fr their ___9___.
“I was filled with _____10_____ that they just came ut f the wds t help me and they were ttally unselfish and kind,” Bannister said, adding that the friendship she gained in Jack and Allen was wrth mre than the pain and discmfrt.
1. A. cnfidentB. carefulC. uncertainD. afraid
2. A. demandedB. cmplainedC. predictedD. pretended
3. A. jumpedB. fellC. lkedD. pushed
4. A. discuragedB. enlightenedC. relievedD. interrupted
5. A. annuncedB. prpsedC. repliedD. reflected
6. A. regularlyB. gentlyC. accidentallyD. casually
7. A. set utB. turned arundC. gt dwnD. went n
8. A. ptentialB. prfessinalC. frequentD. immediate
9. A. cperatinB. disciplineC. insightsD. effrts
10. A. passinB. appreciatinC. satisfactinD. admiratin
第二节 选词填空 (共10小题；每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的单词或词组，并使用其正确形式填空。
11. Teaching is all abut hw t ________ peple t learn.
12. It tk me a lng time t ________ what he really meant.
13. Technlgy shuld serve us rather than ________ ur lives.
14. James decided t pursue his dream ________ what thers said.
15. ________ their flat in the city, they als have a huse in the cuntryside.
16. After the heavy strm, rescue planes tried t ________ the missing sailrs.
17. Zhang Guimei’s message t yung girls is t ________ be their best selves.
18. Mike ________ many dubts frm his classmates when he prpsed a new plan.
19. The number f the patients infected by flu ________ significantly in the past few weeks.
20. The small twn ________ turism annually fr its ecnmic develpment during the turist seasn.
第三节 语法填空 (共10小题； 每小题1分， 共10分)
阅读下面句子， 根据句子内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
21. The train ________ (leave) befre I gt t the statin.(所给词的适当形式填空)
22. Dctrs say we shuld have ur eyes ________ (test) every year. (所给词的适当形式填空)
23. I have a gd cllectin f bks, frm ________ I benefit a lt. (用适当的词填空)
24. Yu must be ________ (abslute) silent r the birds wn’t appear. (所给词的适当形式填空)
25. ________ (cver) with thick snw, the muntains lk like a silver wrld. (所给词的适当形式填空)
26. At 6 ’ clck tmrrw afternn, we ________ (practise) basketball skills. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27. They ________ (wrk) n their prgram all year and are hping t finish it sn. (所给词的适当形式填空)
28. ________ (run) in the mrning is a gd habit that helps imprve my physical health. (所给词的适当形式填空)
29. The speech abut career planning ________ (give) in the schl lecture hall last Friday. (所给词的适当形式填空)
30. The building, ________ the imprtant cnference is being held, is in the center f the city. (用适当的词填空)
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节， 38分)
第一节 (共14小题； 每小题2分， 共28分)
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中， 选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Calling all future scientists and engineers! EUREKA! is hsting ur annual science fair! Here’s yur chance t apply yur lve f STEM (Science, Technlgy, Engineering and Mathematics) by creating and cnducting yur wn scientific investigatin (调查研究).
Participatin is free and pen t all high schl students! Students can either enter as an individual r as a team f n mre than 3 members. Judging will be based n grade, s there will be separate prizes fr different graders. If a team is cmpsed f students frm different grades, the prject will be judged in the grade categry f the ldest participant’s grade.
Prject Submissin
All f the fllwing must be cmpleted by Sunday, March 9, 2025:
·Cmplete the registratin frm (ne per team).
•Create an electrnic display pster summarising their prject and email it t the science fair cmmittee
•Create a vide presentatin (less than 5 minutes) explaining their prject t the judges, and email it t the science fair cmmittee.
Safety Rules
It is imprtant t wear prper prtective gear (装备) when necessary in additin t dispsing f (处理) waste prperly when cnducting a scientific investigatin. We strngly recmmend that guardians lk up and study Safety Data Sheets fr any chemicals that their students use and accept respnsibility fr nt allwing their students t experiment with dangerus chemicals. Prjects that include the dangerus cmpnents g against ur safety rules, and will nt be displayed r judged.
Please cntact EUREKA! directly t discuss if yu are unsure abut yur prject.
31. T enter the science fair, participants need t ________.
A. frm a 3-member teamB. apply fr STEM curses
C. be high schl studentsD. cme frm the same grade
32. What are participants required t d by the submissin date?
A. Submit their display pster.B. Fill in the registratin frm individually.
C. Vide the investigatin prcess.D. Present their prject t judges in persn.
33. What will cause the prject display t be cancelled?
A. Getting rid f prject waste imprperly.
B. Invlving harmful chemicals in the prject.
C. Perfrming experiments withut a guardian.
D. Cnducting investigatins withut prtectin.
B
When I gt my first research prject t wrk, I was s excited. Seeing research in actin was enjyable. My excitement, thugh, was sn cut shrt when my prfessr asked me t write a research paper n the prject. My bdy tensed. Writing was the last thing I wanted t d; it’s ne reasn why I pursued science in the first place.
I had hated writing since I was a little by. But I culdn’t avid it: writing classes were required in high schl. Fr hurs, I stared at blank pages, trying t turn my disrganised thughts int fluent sentences. My teachers wuld return my papers littered with red, shwing my paragraphs were ut f rder. I was frustrated t n end. Hw culd I knw what was gd if there was n bjectively right answer? Maybe I wasn’t cut ut fr writing.
I studied engineering in cllege. A few years later, I jined a research lab. The prfessr assigned me an initial prject t imprve the efficiency f an inductr (电路感应器). I spent weeks setting up a test fr a new design. When I gt the results, thugh, the numbers weren’t gd. I kept trying new designs, using the results t brainstrm ideas with a team f researchers. Finally, after dzens f designs, we had ne that culd wrk. I was verjyed — until my prfessr tld me t write that research paper.
In panic, I asked a graduate student in my lab fr help. I carefully wrte an utline. But when I asked him fr feedback, I sn fund the paper full f red marks. Befre I culd quit in defeat, thugh, the graduate student explained red didn’t mean I was a bad writer. Writing isn’t a ne-and-dne thing. It requires revising yur wrk, ften several times. Suddenly it ccurred t me, “Hadn’t I dne the same thing when I was designing my research prject?” I kept imprving my utline, eventually turning it int sentences and paragraphs, guided by feedback frm thers. Finally, I made it, and surprisingly, I was having fun.
Frm then n, writing became ne f my favurite parts f research, and it still is tday. It’s a future I never culd have imagined during my early struggles with writing classes. But I came arund.
34 Hw did the authr feel when asked t write a research paper?
A. Regretful.B. Ashamed.C. Disappinted.D. Unwilling.
35. The authr’s teacher returned his papers littered with red because ________.
A. he handed in blank pages
B. his sentences were smth
C. his writing lacked rganisatin
D. he cmbined science in his writing
36. Which wrd wuld best describe the authr’s final research design?
A Hard-earned.B. Cnfusing.C. Well-knwn.D. Wrrying.
37. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. A gd beginning is half dne.
B. Actins speak luder than wrds.
C. A bad wrkman always blames his tls.
D. Trial and errr pens the dr t prgress.
C
We are cnstantly taught that acting early rather than prcrastinating is the key t success, because “he wh hesitates is lst.” When we have a meaningful task, we’re advised t get it dne well ahead f schedule. When we have an riginal idea t invent a prduct r start a cmpany, we’re encuraged t be the first mver. Recently, an unusually creative dctral student named Jihae Shin apprached me with an ppsite idea: prcrastinatin might be favrable t riginality. I challenged her t test it.
Shin asked cllege students t write prpsals fr a business n a university campus t fill a lt where there used t be a cnvenience stre. When they started the task immediately, they tended t prpse cnventinal ideas — like anther cnvenience stre. When Shin randmly assigned sme f the participants t prcrastinate, putting ff the task t play games, they prduced mre nvel business ideas, like a lecture center and a strage facility. Independent raters evaluated the final prpsals, withut knwing wh prcrastinated and wh started immediately. The prpsals frm the prcrastinatrs were 28 percent mre creative.
Althugh we were excited by these results, we were cncerned that prcrastinatin wasn’t the real cause f creativity. Perhaps it was playing games that prvided mental stimulatin, r that simply gave them a break away frm the task t think. But the experiment shwed that neither playing games nr taking a break enhanced creativity. When peple played games first, befre learning abut the task, they didn’t submit mre nvel prpsals. T d that, they needed t actually be prcrastinating while playing games, keeping the business prpsal task in the back f their minds. And when they started the task immediately and then tk a break befre returning t it, they had already made t much prgress t start ver afresh.
In a classic study, marketing researchers Peter Glder and Gerard Tellis cmpared the success f cmpanies that were either pineers r settlers. The pineers were first mvers. The settlers were slwer t launch. When Glder and Tellis analysed hundreds f brands in three dzen different prduct categries, they fund a surprising difference in failure rates: 47 percent fr pineers, cmpared with just 8 percent fr settlers. Even when the pineers did survive, they nly captured an average f 10 percent f the market, cmpared with 28 percent fr settlers.
Settlers are ften branded as cpycats, but this fixed impressin f them misses the mark. Instead f fllwing the existing demand, they wait fr the right time until they’re ready t intrduce smething new. It’s true that the early bird gets the wrm, but we can’t frget that the early wrm gets caught.
38. Accrding t the passage, Shin’s thery suggests that ________.
A. being the first mver makes success mre likely
B. balancing wrking and having a break is imprtant
C. delaying a task can ffer us time t think befre acting
D. peple are less creative due t mental stimulatin f games
39. What can we learn frm the classic study?
A. Pineers set a perfect standard fr settlers.
B. Pineers always win cmpetitive advantages.
C. Settlers’ success is the result f strategic timing.
D. Settlers turned ut t be incapable f innvating.
40. What is the main purpse f the passage?
A. T emphasise the imprtance f acting early in success.
B T demnstrate prcrastinatin can be a resurce fr creativity.
C. T prve the effectiveness f ur traditinal belief in prcrastinating.
D. T cmpare the prcrastinatrs’ creativity between recent and classic studies.
D
Let’s start with the end. If yu knw anything abut the state f artificial intelligence, it’s that many f the peple advancing the technlgy are seriusly wrried abut the technlgy they’ re advancing. Tw statements stand ut. The first fllwed the release f the cmpany Open AI’s ChatGPT-4, calling fr a six-mnth pause n any AI system ging beynd GPT’s capabilities. The signatries (签署者) asked: “Shuld we develp nnhuman minds that might eventually utnumber, utsmart, and replace us?” The secnd statement, issued in May, 2023, signed by nearly all the majr AI cmpany CEOs and mst f the tp AI research scientists, was just 22 wrds lng: “Mitigating (减轻) the risk f extinctin frm AI shuld be a glbal pririty alngside ther scietal-scale risks like pandemics and nuclear war.”
S, wh’s excited fr AI? I am? Maybe? AI tls are helping the speechless speak and reducing energy cnsumptin largely. There are brilliant peple wh say this is kid stuff. Sn everyne will have a custmized knwledge assistant. The remval f lneliness is cming. Other equally brilliant peple g straight t the ther directin. Their imaginatin cvers everything frm an AI-manufactured extinctin-level virus t scietal destructin as jbs disappear and inequality becmes permanent.
OpenAI’s prduct launch made jaws drp. The tech is mving fast, but its impact will arrive in waves. We’ve already seen slight decrease in ChatGPT usage. That hardly means chatbts are dmed (注定失败的) r AI is a craze. Only that it’s early. It will take time t understand hw peple adapt t these new tls. That time shuld nt be wasted. The prcessrs will keep prcessing — and we need t get ready. Because hwever far-fetched the idea f an artificial general intelligence — meaning an autnmus system that ne day ges beynd human abilities — it’s nt impssible. We can als lk ut fr the many ways AI tls can help us fix the hard prblems humanity simply hasn’t been able t slve.
That’s the gal here, in this space, t examine AI in a slightly less anxiety-stricken way. The stry s far has been tld by geniuses with mixed mtives and terrible emtinal intelligence. It’s really n surprise that they’re als lusy strytéllers. Wh starts with extinctin?
Let’s begin again, this time with creatin. All f the sftware we’ve ever used was engineered t wrk backward frm an utcme. Its creatrs wanted t help yu find a webpage r play a game. Perhaps yu’ve nticed that the majr AI chatbts arrived with almst n user dcumentatin r instructins. That’s what makes this mment unique. We humans have created a tl fr ptentially infinite tasks. Its imperfectins are urs t slve — and its pwers still urs t shape.
41. What can we learn frm the tw statements?
A. The ptential f AI is cause fr cncern.B. AI advancement deserves a glbal pririty.
C. The risk AI brings is impssible t cntrl.D. AI is a cmmn interest f whever develps it.
42. As fr AI, which wuld the authr agree with?
A It is unlikely t g beynd human abilities.B. It may be applied t handle climate change.
C. It is misused by geniuses with bad mtives.D. It will gradually mve twards imperfectin.
43. What des the underlined wrd “lusy” in Paragraph 4 prbably mean?
A. Awful.B. Gifted.C. Unexpected.D. Experienced.
44. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. AI Is Humans’ Dmed EnemyB. AI Is n the Rad t Destructin
C. Are We Aware f the Risks frm AI?D. D We Hate AI fr All the Right Reasns?
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分， 共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Every night, n matter hw tired I am, I carve ut at least 5 t 10 minutes fr a quick lessn n my language learning app. I might nt be fluent yet. ___45___
Learning a new language can be incredibly helpful fr cgnitive health, particularly as we age. This is because language learning engages a wide range f cmplex cgnitive abilities. They include memry, attentin, and prblem-slving, which can help t create and strengthen cnnectins in the brain. The benefits g beynd prtecting the brain against the effects f aging. ___46___ We are all citizens f the wrld, and it’s imprtant fr us t stay cnnected with ther cultures and peple frm different backgrunds.
Of curse, knwing the benefits desn’t necessarily make the prcess easy. Time and devtin are tw cmmn challenges when it cmes t learning a new language. But a big part f the reasn why it’s s tugh cmes dwn t ur self-cnsciusness. ___47___ Being scared t practise r embarrassed abut making mistakes certainly desn’t make it any easier!
___48___ Cnsistency is the key! Even just 5 t 10 minutes a day can help. Being expsed t and using the target language n a daily basis, even in small amunts, can significantly bst fluency. Besides, dn’t just limit yur daily learning t yur lessns. ___49___ This can be dne thrugh media, such as mvies and music, which helps t build listening skills and expses the learner t the language being used in its natural cntext.
Language learning is a gradual prcess. Embracing mistakes as part f the learning jurney and staying mtivated thrugh setting achievable gals can make the experience bth effective and enjyable.
A. This allws peple t learn languages naturally and efficiently.
B. But that’s exactly why learning a new language can be s beneficial.
C. Experts als nte that language learning can help prmte scial cnnectins.
D. It’s imprtant t cmpletely invlve yurself in the language yu want t acquire.
E. Hwever, accrding t the experts, my daily lessns have far-reaching significance.
F. Feeling anxius can stand in the way f ur prgress when learning a new language.
G. Frtunately, there are plenty f effective ways t achieve yur language-learning gals.
第三部分 书面表达 (共两节，32分)
第一节 (共4小题；第50、51题各2分，第52题3分，第53题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文， 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
In my grandparents’ time, the questin f whether t repair r replace an item was unimprtant. Repair was usually the nly ptin. S, when faced with a brken he (锄头), I decided t make the repair, just like grandpa wuld have dne.
I dug thrugh my tlbx fr the needed parts, searching fr just the right tls in my cllectin. Wrking with bjects that have a histry is satisfying, and I lve thinking abut the hands that used them t keep hme ging smthly.
Finally, I chse my favurite hammer (锤子), passed dwn frm my dad, wh received it frm his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a wrn handle, sptted with clrful paint frm a lifetime f prjects. With just the right instrument in hand, I was ready t begin. Alng with his hammer, grandpa passed dwn the imprtance f having the right tls fr a jb.
Over the years, I’ve enjyed hearing the backstries f thers’ treasured bjects as well. As I recrded the spken histry f ne friend, she traced the stry f grandma’s rlling pin thrugh her family tree. The rlling pin started as a wedding gift many generatins ag. Lvingly passed dwn, alng with a traditin f pie making and biscuit rlling, it tuches the heartstrings f all in the family. It isn’t just a piece f hardwd: it is the memries f jyful times celebrated and heartbreaks shared. It als witnesses future hpes as little hands are cached n hw t rll ut pastry evenly and as new grandchildren are bunced n knees ver a piece f after-dinner pie.
As I finished the he repair and put the hammer back, I said hearty thanks t grandpa and all thse wh tk time t shw me hw t use tls and shared stries. I’m determined t pass bth alng t the next generatin.
50. What did the authr decide t d with the brken he?
___________________________________________________________
51. What did grandpa pass dwn t the authr?
___________________________________________________________
52. Please decide which part is false in the fllwing statement, then underline it and explain why.
The rlling pin in the friend’s family used t be a wedding gift and is passed dwn with a traditin f cllecting useful tls.
___________________________________________________________
53. Besides hand tls like hammers and rlling pins, what bject witnesses yur jyful r heartbreaking times as yu grw up? Why? (In abut 40 wrds)
___________________________________________________________
第二节 (20分)
54. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你在做和青少年热点话题相关的英文播客（线上节目），打算邀请外国好友Jim来做访谈嘉宾。请给他写一封英文邮件，内容包括：
1. 你们将要探讨的话题及具体内容；
2. 邀请他参加的原因。
注意：
1. 词数100 左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出， 不计入总词数。
提示词：做播客 make a pdcast
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
dminate mtivate figure ut decrease encunter regardless f rely n apart frm strive t lcate