高考英语二轮专题-七选五--段尾句类（知识清单）（教师版）

这是一份高考英语二轮专题-七选五--段尾句类（知识清单）（教师版），共37页。学案主要包含了知能解读01，知能解读02，知能解读03，知能解读04，知能解读05，重难点突破01，重难点突破02，重难点突破03等内容，欢迎下载使用。

01七选五五年高考考情统计
◆代表有标题句
02七选五五年高考考情解读
1.题型概述
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。其中有两项是多余干扰项。
2.选材特点
选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
3.命题特点
从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。
4.解题口诀
通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题；
再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑；
代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词；
段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。
03七选五段尾句考点分类
04阅读理解七选五解题步骤
第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句)要么就是承上启下句，具有鲜明的语言特征题目简单，较易判定。做题时，先将这类题目的选项定位，既可缩小思考范围，又可使原文信息更加明了。
第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用句间关系来判定随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文信息会更加明了，再次通读原文，理清剩余段中题的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。
第三步：代入选项通读原文，句通意畅来验证将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无不合行文逻辑的现象。
05七选五满分突破思维导图
01过渡型段尾句
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，过渡型段尾句主要位于首段末尾，先提出话题，然后引出一个需要解决的问题，段尾句以“Here are sme tips fr…”等形式结尾。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：阅读设空前一句，结合下一段开头，留意衔接词和关键词；
第二步：瞻前顾后寻找线索，注意所选答案是否与下段内容衔接上；
第三步：从句式结构、词语复现和行为逻辑角度浏览选项确定答案。
02过渡型段尾句跟踪训练
跟踪训练1 (2023新高考II卷第36题)
If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly. 36
·Befre yu pen the bk, make sure that yu are cmfrtable. Yu need a seat which supprts yur back and the bk shuld be at the right distance frm yur eyes….
…
A. Stp t have a rest nw and then.
B. Spend a few minutes lking thrugh the bk.
C. This depends n the type f bk yu are reading.
D. Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.
E. Make a nte f any page which is f special imprtance.
F. Yu may find yurself having t learn smething by heart.
G. Keep the rm cl rather than warm t avid feeling sleepy.
【解析】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于第一段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。根据上文“If the nly reading yu ever d is the nvel r magazine, the speed at which yu read -prbably des nt matter very much. But if yu have t read a great deal fr study, yu will appreciate the benefits f being able t read mre quickly.（如果你唯一的阅读是小说或杂志，那么你阅读的速度可能并不重要。但是，如果你必须大量阅读来学习，你就会感激能够更快地阅读的好处。）”可知，接下来要介绍提高阅读速度的方法。D项：Here are sme tips t help imprve yur reading speed.（这里有一些帮助提高阅读速度的建议。）符合语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是D。
跟踪训练2 (2018浙江6月卷第36题)
Mving int a new hme in a new neighbrhd is an exciting experience. Of curse, yu want t make sure that yu becme an accepted and valuable part f yur new neighbrhd. The easiest way t accmplish this is t make sure yu cnduct yurself as a gd neighbr shuld. 36
A. In general, keep an eye n their prperty while they are gne.
B. A gd neighbr is als ne wh likes t help ut in small ways.
C. Being a gd neighbr is mre r less abut cnsiderate behavir.
D. Smetimes neighbrs may g t the supermarket tgether t d shpping.
E. Shuld yu cme acrss waste paper thrwn ut f a passing car, pick it up.
F. Peple tend t take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting.
G. Here are a few tips t help yu win ver everyne in the neighbrhd quickly.
【解析】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于第一段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。本空承上启下。根据前一句"The easiest way gd neighbr shuld", 同时结合下文几段的具体做法可知，G项"这里是几个能帮你快速在社区中获得大家的友谊的窍门"能很好地起到过渡作用。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。
03 总结型段尾句
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，总结型段尾句主要位于文章主体部分，该段有明确的标题句或者主题句。甚至有可能本段段尾句是总结句。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：浏览段落结构，确定有无标题句或主题句，做到心中有数；
第二步：阅读空前段落内容，关注总结性词语如therefre, in a wrd；
第三步：从代词一致、词语复现和逻辑关联角度浏览选项确定答案。
04总结型段尾句跟踪训练
跟踪训练1 (2025全国一卷第36题)
An Unsung Her
Need a break between classes r just a quick pick-me-up in the mrning? The Cllege Cafe has just that, and mre. 36
A. The cafe clses at 9 pm every day.
B. She has tw children aged eight and fur.
C. Smetimes she arrives early t serve the students early.
D. After finishing an rder, she calls ut the name n the cup.
E. Nt nly des this cafe serve up drinks, it als serves up smiles.
F. Ging t the cafe starts her day ff gd and gets her ready fr class.
G. She has served here fr 17 years and can’t imagine wrking anywhere else.
【解析】
第一步：观察文本特征。该空明显位于首段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据上文“Need a break between classes r just a quick pick-me-up in the mrning? The Cllege Cafe has just that, and mre. (课间需要休息或早上快速提神？大学咖啡馆提供这些，还有更多。)”可知，开篇引出咖啡馆的功能，空格处需揭示“更多”的内涵。E选项“Nt nly des this cafe serve up drinks, it als serves up smiles. (这家咖啡馆不仅提供饮品，还提供微笑。)”通过“Nt ”结构，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服务，符合语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是E。
跟踪训练2 (2025全国二卷第37题)
Unexpected Benefits f Vlunteering as a Family
Are yu lking fr a way t bring yur family tgether? Hping t find a hbby that can be shared by bth the little nes and adults? 36(B. Vlunteering as a family may be just the thing yu need.) Yu may knw the “feel-gd” emtins that cme with helping thers, but there are even mre unexpected ways vlunteering will psitively affect the whle family.
●Yu’ll feel like yu have mre time.
Peple ften feel they are t busy t vlunteer. Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it. 37
●Yu can live lnger if yu vlunteer regularly.
…
A. Helping the cmmunity lwers rates f depressin.
B. Vlunteering as a family may be just the thing yu need.
C. Vlunteering has a lifelng effect n kids and teenagers.
D. Vlunteering can be the first step in breaking dwn prejudice.
E. Fr adults, vlunteering can prvide significant physical health benefits.
F. Yu may even learn that yur kid has a talent yu didn’t knw abut befre.
G. Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day.
【解析】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于第二段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据段落主题句“Yu’ll feel like yu have mre time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间)”及上文“Yet, research has fund that giving yur time t cmmunity causes actually makes yu feel like yu have mre f it. (然而，研究发现，把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间)”可推知，设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Vlunteering makes yu feel capable and inspires yu t make the mst f each day. (志愿活动让你感觉有能力，并激励你充分利用每一天)”中的“makes yu feel capable”和“inspires yu t make the mst f each day”从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉，与“feel like yu have mre time”形成因果关联。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。
跟踪训练3 (2022全国乙卷第36题)
Friendship needs care and attentin t keep it in gd health. Here are five ways t sustain (保持) lng-distance friendships.
·Set a regular date
Lng-lasting friendships share the characteristic that bth sides equally cntact (联系) and share with ne anther. With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge. 36 .
·Mre isn’t always merrier
…
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【解析】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于第二段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。上文“With busy schedules, squeezing in phne calls can be a challenge.”（平日繁忙，很难抽出时间打电话。）讲的是双方都很忙碌，很难有时间给对方打电话，D项“尽量找个双方都有空的时间去打电话，并坚持下去”给出了解决没时间打电话这个问题的方法，符合题意。故选D。小标题+同义复现。同义转换Set a regular date= find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是D。
01细节型段尾句
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，细节型段尾句主要位于文章主体部分，该段可能有明确的标题句或者主题句，段尾句是对前一句进一步的补充说明，可能是因果关系、递进关系、并列关系等。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数；
第二步：研读空格前一句，浏览剩余选项，确定空格所填内容方向；
第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。
02细节型段尾句跟踪训练
跟踪训练1(2023全国甲卷第36题)
Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn
Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. 36 .
In the Digital Age, we’re used t having what we need immediately and right at ur fingertips. Hwever, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we’d be a whle lt better ff. Here are several tricks.
…
A. Find yur causes
B. Start with small tasks
C. Accept the uncmfrtable
D. All this adds up t a state f hurry
E. It can als help us practice mre patience
F. This is merely uncmfrtable, nt intlerable
G. They’re all situatins where we culd use a little extra patience
【选择】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于第一段段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。本文本题是Tricks T Becming A Patient Persn，教会做一个有耐心人的办法。根据上文“Here’s a riddle: What d traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start all have in cmmn? There’s ne answer. (这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期开始有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些情况可知都需要耐心。故G选项“在这些情况下，我们都需要一点额外的耐心”符合语境。另外代词指代也是暗示。They指代traffic jams, lng lines and waiting fr a vacatin t start。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。
跟踪训练2 (2022新课标I卷第39题)
Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasns t Thank Yur Wrkut Partner.” One reasn was: “Yu’ll actually shw up if yu knw smene is waiting fr yu at the gym, ” while anther read: …
S, hw d yu find a wrkut partner?
First f all, decide what yu want frm that persn….
Yu might think abut psting what yu are lking fr n scial media, but it prbably wn’t result in a useful respnse….
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. 39
…
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
【选择】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据前文“My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。本题选项中such是题眼，是解题突破口，指代前面提到的想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码等信息。所以选择项G “Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。
跟踪训练3（2024新课标II卷第40题）
●Cnsider the best methd t deliver yur message.
If the infrmatin yu’re cmmunicating isn’t urgent, cnsider sending an email. Written cmmunicatin will give yur audience mre time t review it, think it ver, and fllw up with questins. 40
Building effective cmmunicatin skills takes time, but the effects are wrth the effrt.
A. Be patient.
B. Get the audience invlved.
C. The best messages are ften simple.
D. Speak directly t what matters t them.
E. Yu may be surprised by what yur listeners ffer.
F. It will als give them a handy recrd t refer back t.
G. As the speaker, yu already knw what yu’re ging t say.
【选择】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据小标题可知，本段建议沟通者考虑传递信息的最佳方式。空白处前提到，书面沟通能让听众有更多时间回顾、认真思考并提出问题来跟进。F 项“这也会为他们提供一份方便查阅的记录”，进一步说明了书面沟通的另一个好处，与上文衔接紧密。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是F。
03利用词语复现破解段尾句
1.命题特点
复现是为保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段,即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现主要是指原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现、词汇同现等。
2.思维导图
2.解题思路
第一步：重点阅读空前空后两句，在选项中搜索关键词。
第二步：正确选项中关键词一般重复前一句中的关键词。
第三步：掌握词语复现类型，同时防止不被复现词误导。
04利用词语复现跟踪训练
跟踪训练1（2022新课标I卷第39题）原词复现
My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. 39
A. Yur first meeting may be a little awkward.
B. A wrkut partner usually needs t live clse by.
C. Yu’ll wrk harder if yu train with smene else.
D. D yu want t be a better athlete in yur favrite sprt?
E. Hw can yu write a gd “seeking training partner” ntice?
F. Just accept yur differences and learn t wrk with each ther.
G. Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin.
【选择】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据前文“My partner psted her request n the ntice bard f a lcal park. Her ntice included what kind f training she wanted t d, hw many days a week and hw many hurs she wanted t spend n each sessin, and her age. It als listed her favrite sprts and activities, and prvided her phne number. (我的搭档把她的要求贴在了当地公园的布告栏上。她的注意事项包括她想要做什么样的锻炼，每周多少天，每次培训要花多少小时，以及她的年龄。它还列出了她最喜欢的运动和活动，并提供了她的电话号码。)”可知，本段作者以自己的锻炼伙伴为例，说明寻找锻炼伙伴布告所要包括的信息。所以选择项G“Any ntice fr a training partner shuld include such infrmatin. (任何锻炼伙伴的布告都应包括这些信息。)”符合上下文语境。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是G。
跟踪训练2（2022全国乙卷第39题）同义复现
…
38(F. What abut that persn wh had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking)? If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx (讲台). If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. 39 .
And what abut that ther dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If yu’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the nly thing that always gets everyne talking again is t give the hst a cmpliment(赞扬)….
S being interesting at a dinner party isn’t that hard.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here?”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【选择】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于段尾，属于段尾句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找同义词、近义词或反义词等关键词。根据上文“If yu can’t take their wine away, yu shuld certainly try t take away their sapbx (讲台). If yu’re the hst, yu can ask them t help yu in the kitchen with smething and just remve them frm the situatin. (如果你不能拿走他们的酒，你当然应该让他们离开讲话的地方。如果你是主人，你可以让他们到厨房帮你做点什么，只是为了让他们摆脱那种情景)”可知，本段主要是为解决“喝太多酒或一直说个不停”这个问题提供方法。由此可知，E项“Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say(或者把谈话变成他们没什么可说的话题)”是提出的另一个解决办法，承接上文。have little t say= wn’t stp talking。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是E。
01 阅读七选五段尾句答题误区
1.逻辑关系显性化
段尾句常通过逻辑连接词（如therefre、thus、in cnclusin）或总结性短语（如t sum up、the result shws）直接点明段落结论。例如，2024年新课标I卷段尾句通过“But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read”总结前文对词典功能的讨论，形成“功能列举→结论升华”的逻辑链。
2.关键词复现与同义替换
命题人通过复现前文核心词或使用同义词/近义词实现语义衔接。2023年全国卷Ⅰ第42题中，段尾句通过重复“digital devices”与前文形成词汇链，同时用impact替代前文的effect，考查考生对同义表达的敏感度。
3.数据与比较级强化结论
当段落涉及研究数据或对比分析时，段尾句常以百分比、比较级等形式呈现结论。如2022年浙江卷中，段尾句“Studies shw that 75% f students perfrm better with structured revisin plans”通过具体数据强化前文关于复习方法的讨论。
4.呼应段首句形成闭环
约40%的段尾句与段首句构成“总—分—总”结构。例如，2021年新高考Ⅰ卷中，段首句提出“The benefits f mrning exercise”，段尾句以“Therefre, starting yur day with physical activity sets a psitive tne”总结，形成首尾呼应。
02 阅读七选五段尾句误区应对
1.总结概括型段尾句
若段尾句是对本段内容的总结，需关注选项中是否有概括性词汇（如in shrt, in cnclusin等），或与段落核心内容高度一致的表述。
2.承上启下型段尾句
若段尾句连接上下文，需分析前后段落的逻辑关系（如转折、递进、因果等），选择能自然过渡的选项。
3.关键词复现破解法
段尾句常与段落中的关键词呼应，可圈定空前句的关键词，寻找选项中匹配的词汇。
4.科学排除干扰项
干扰项可能与段落主题无关、逻辑不连贯或表述过于宽泛/片面，需结合上下文仔细甄别。
5.代词指代一致法
若选项中含代词（如it、they等），需查看其指代对象是否与段落内容一致。
03 阅读七选五段尾句满分策略
1.通读全文快速把握大意，初步确定体裁和话题。
2.浏览段首句和空格前一句把握段落大意做铺垫。
3.注意平行结构和前后句逻辑关系,防止形意错位。
4.必要时代入选项通读，复查逻辑线索是否一致。
七选五段尾句综合能力提升
真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维
01（2018全国I卷）
Clr is fundamental in hme design—smething yu’ll always have in every rm. A grasp f hw t manage clr in yur spaces is ne f the first steps t creating rms yu’ll lve t live in. D yu want a rm that’s full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place t relax after a lng day? 36 , clr is the key t making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel.
Over the years, there have been a number f different techniques t help designers apprach this imprtant pint. 37 , they can get a little cmplex. But gd news is that there’re really nly three kinds f decisins yu need t make abut clr in yur hme: the small nes, the medium nes, and the large nes.
38 . They’re the little spts f clr like thrw pillws, mirrrs and baskets that mst f us use t add visual interest t ur rms. Less tiring than painting yur walls and less expensive than buying a clrful sfa, small clr chices bring with them the significant benefit f being easily changeable.
Medium clr chices are generally furniture pieces such as sfas, dinner tables r bkshelves. 39 . They require a bigger cmmitment than smaller nes, and they have a mre pwerful effect n the feeling f a space.
The large clr decisins in yur rms cncern the walls, ceilings, and flrs. Whether yu’re lking at wallpaper r paint, the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant. 40 .
A．While all f them are useful
B．Whatever yu’re lking fr
C．If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D．Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E．It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F．S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G．Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【答案】36．B 37．A 38．D 39．G 40．F
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了室内设计中颜色的选择问题。
36．该题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，可以从句子结构排除D,E,F,G项。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。
37．前文：在过去的许多年里，有许多技术帮助设计者实现这一要点；下文：它们有点复杂。所以A（然而他们都很有用）承上启下。符合题意。
38．本空是一个主题句，总说选择小型颜色是我们很熟悉的方法。后文分说小型颜色选择具体用于哪些。故选D。
39．根据前文“中型颜色选择通常是指一些例如沙发，餐桌或者书架等家具的颜色选择”，接着表明这种范围的颜色选择是比小型颜色选择在两种方式上更高一级，故选G。
40．根据前文the time, effrt and relative expense put int it are significant（你所付诸的时间、精力和相关的费用是巨大的），后文F项（那肯定是值得的，因为你想第一次把它弄好）是上文的结果。故选F。
02（2018全国II卷）
If yu are already making the time t exercise, it is gd indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard t try and find the time t wrk ut. 36 Wrking ut in the mrning prvides additinal benefits beynd being physically fit.
Yur prductivity is imprved. Exercising makes yu mre awake and ready t handle whatever is ahead f yu fr the day. 37
Yur metablism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If yu wrk ut in the mrnings, then yu will be getting the calrie(卡路里) burning benefits fr the whle day, nt in yur sleep.
39 Studies fund that peple wh wke up early fr exercise slept better than thse wh exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes yu, s it is mre difficult t relax and have a peaceful sleep when yu are very excited.
40 If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day. Wh wuld want t ruin their gd wrkut by eating junk fd? Yu will want t cntinue t fcus n psitive chices.
There are a lt f benefits t wrking ut, especially in the mrnings. Set yur alarm clck an hur early and push yurself t wrk ut! Yu will feel energized all day lng.
A．Yu will stick t yur diet.
B．Yur quality f sleep imprves.
C．Yu prefer healthy fd t fast fd.
D．There is n reasn yu shuld exercise in the mrning.
E．Yu can keep yur head clear fr 4-10 hurs after exercise.
F．After yu exercise, yu cntinue t burn calries thrughut the day.
G．If yu are planning t d exercise regularly, r yu’re ding it nw, then listen up!
【答案】36．G 37．E 38．F 39．B 40．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。列举了早晨锻炼对人体的四条好处，号召人们早点起床，进行身体锻炼。
36．根据空前的内容“生活忙碌没有时间锻炼”和空后的内容“晨练除了身体健康之外，还能带来其他好处”，下文接着列举了晨练的其他好处。由此可知，此处缺一个承上启下句。G项中then listen up!（那么请仔细听!）很好的起到了承上启下的作用。故选G。
37．根据上一句Exercising makes yu mre awake（锻炼能让你更清醒），E项（你可以在运动后保持头脑清醒4-10个小时。）是对上一句的进一步解释。故选E。
38．空前句子是本段的主题句，晨练是新陈代谢的开始，空后句子说如果晨练，则你会得到卡路里一整天都在燃烧的益处，F项（锻炼之后，你一整天都在燃烧卡路里。）是空后句子的根据，空后句子是对F项的进一步延伸。故选F。
39．此处缺一个主题句。空后句子解释了早起锻炼的人比晚上锻炼的人睡得更好。B项（你的睡眠质量提高了。）是对后面内容的总述。故选B。
40．根据空后句子“If yu wrk ut bright and early in the mrning, yu will be mre likely t stick t healthy fd chices thrughut the day.（如果你在早晨锻炼身体，你将更有可能坚持健康的食物选择。）”，A项(你将坚持你的饮食。)符合本段内容，是主题句，起到统领下文的作用。故选A。
03（2018全国III卷）
Befre there was the written wrd, there was the language f dance. Dance expresses lve and hate, jy and srrw, life and death, and everything else in between.
36 We dance frm Flrida t Alaska, frm nrth t suth and sea t sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, ffice parties and just t fill the time.
“I adre dancing,” says Lester Bridges, the wner f a dance studi in Iwa. “I can’t imagine ding anything else with my life.” Bridges runs dance classes fr all ages. “Teaching dance is wnderful. 37 It’s great t watch them. Fr many f them, it’s a way f meeting peple and having a scial life.”
38 “I can tell yu abut ne yung cuple,” says Bridges. “They’re learning t d traditinal dances. They arrive at the class in lw spirits and they leave with a smile. 39 ”
S, d we dance in rder t make urselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says, “Dance, like the pattern f a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want t get better and better. 40 I find it hard t stp! Dancing reminds me I’m alive.”
A．S why d we dance?
B．Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C．If yu like dancing utdrs, cme t America.
D．My lder students say it makes them feel yung.
E．I keep practicing even when I’m extremely tired.
F．Dancing seems t change their feeling cmpletely.
G．They stayed up all night lng singing and dancing.
【答案】36．B 37．D 38．A 39．F 40．E
【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了跳舞的好处。
36．根据后文We dance frm Flrida t Alaska, frm nrth t suth and sea t sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays, ffice parties and just t fill the time. 等可知，这里是说在美国到处有人跳舞，从佛罗里达到阿拉斯加，从北到南等，故选B。
37．根据前文舞蹈课为各个年龄阶段的人架起了桥梁，教跳舞是非常好的，再根据后句it’s great t watch them，根据人称可知是在谈论他们，所以D和F符合，再根据本段最后一句可知，此段主要介绍了跳舞对他们的好处，故选D。
38．根据第四段后句，是通过举例介绍人们跳舞的原因，故选A。
39．根据前句they arrive at the class in lw spirits and they leave with a smile, 所以他们的心情彻底改变，故选F。
40．根据文章前后句可知，此处人称为第一人称，所以E符合语境，作者结合自己的跳舞经历介绍了跳舞给自己带来的好处。
模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考
04（25-26高三上·浙江·开学考试）
A Piggyback Ride frm a Stranger
Once a year, Bannister climbs t High Rck Lkut where she scattered her mther’s ashes 23 years ag. 1 Last August, Bannister, then 79, went n her wn, figuring she’d be fine because she’s an experienced hiker.
She arrived at the trail early and made her way t the lkut. As she headed back dwn, her ft gt caught in a hle in the grund. 2 When sitting up, she knew immediately she had brken her leg. She cried ut fr help, and befre lng, a stranger apprached and called 911. They were tld a search and rescue team wuld arrive in five hurs.
“It wasn’t very encuraging,” Bannister says. “I asked if anyne had painkillers, because the pain was pretty substantial then.” 3 But tw yung men, Try May, an Air Frce airman and his friend Laytn Allen, came ver t see what was ging n. When seeing Bannister in extreme pain, they ffered t carry her t the bttm f the trail.
May eased Bannister nt his back and started hiking dwnward. He carried her fr mst f the nearly three-hur jurney, and Allen carried her fr the rest. “That was just ne kindness,” says Bannister. 4 One, a physical therapist, bandaged Bannister’s ft and built a makeshift splint (夹板) fr her leg. The ther did breathing exercises with her t help calm her. During the lng hike dwn, her rescuers shared stries t distract her frm the munting pain. Once reaching the parking lt, they rushed Bannister t the nearest hspital.
5 “I think we’ll be lifelng friends,” Bannister says.
A．She was almst in despair.
B．N ne in the surrunding area did.
C．She fell frward against all expectatins.
D．A cuple hiking that day als lent a hand.
E．They have visited her several times afterwards.
F．Therefre, she visited there regularly in hnr f her.
G．She usually hikes with smene alng the 3.2-mile trail.
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了79岁的班尼斯特在徒步时摔断腿，得到陌生人热心救助，之后与救援者成为挚友的温暖故事。
1．由上文“Once a year, Bannister climbs t High Rck Lkut where she scattered her mther’s ashes 23 years ag.(班尼斯特每年都会爬到高岩瞭望台，23年前她在那里撒了她母亲的骨灰)”以及下文“Last August, Bannister, then 79, went n her wn, figuring she’d be fine because she’s an experienced hiker.(去年8月，当时79岁的班尼斯特独自前往，她认为自己会没事的，因为她是一名经验丰富的徒步旅行者)”可知，本空要说跟“班尼斯特的徒步习惯”有关的话题，G选项“She usually hikes with smene alng the 3.2-mile trail.(她通常和人在3.2英里长的小径上徒步旅行)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“hikes”与下文的“hikers”相呼应，且说明了班尼斯特之前的徒步习惯，与后文她独自徒步形成对比。故选G。
2．由上文“As she headed back dwn, her ft gt caught in a hle in the grund.(当她往回走时，她的脚被地上的一个洞绊住了)”以及下文“When sitting up, she knew immediately she had brken her leg.(当她坐起来时，她立刻知道自己摔断了腿)”可知，本空要说跟“班尼斯特摔倒”有关的话题，C选项“She fell frward against all expectatins.(出乎意料的是，她向前摔倒了)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“fell”与上文的“gt caught”以及下文的“brken her leg”相呼应，说明了班尼斯特摔倒并摔断了腿。故选C。
3．由上文““It wasn’t very encuraging,” Bannister says. “I asked if anyne had painkillers, because the pain was pretty substantial then.”(“这不太令人鼓舞，”班尼斯特说。“我问有没有人有止痛药，因为那时候疼痛非常剧烈。”)”以及下文“But tw yung men, Try May, an Air Frce airman and his friend Laytn. Allen, came ver t see what was ging n.(但是两个年轻人，空军飞行员特洛伊·梅和他的朋友莱顿·艾伦走过来看看发生了什么事)”可知，本空要说跟“没有人帮助班尼斯特”有关的话题，以与后文有人帮助班尼斯特形成转折，B选项“N ne in the surrunding area did.(周围没有人这么做)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项说明了在班尼斯特需要帮助时，周围没有人提供止痛药。故选B。
4．由上文“That was just ne kindness,” says Bannister.(“那只是一种善意，”班尼斯特说)”以及下文“One, a physical therapist, bandaged Bannister’s ft and built a makeshift splint (夹板) fr her leg. The ther did breathing exercises with her t help calm her.(一个是物理治疗师，给班尼斯特的脚包扎，并为她的腿做了一个临时夹板。另一个和她一起做呼吸练习以帮助她平静下来)”可知，本空要说跟“其他人也帮助了班尼斯特”有关的话题，D选项“A cuple hiking that day als lent a hand.(那天徒步旅行的一对夫妇也伸出了援手)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“a cuple”指代下文的“ ther...”，说明了除了那两个年轻人，还有其他人在帮助班尼斯特。故选D。
5．由上文“Once reaching the parking lt, they rushed Bannister t the nearest hspital.(一到停车场，他们就把班尼斯特送到了最近的医院)”以及下文““I think we’ll be lifelng friends,” Bannister says.(“我想我们会成为一生的朋友，”班尼斯特说)”可知，本空要说跟“班尼斯特和救援者之后的联系”有关的话题，E选项“They have visited her several times afterwards.(之后他们去看望了她好几次)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“visited her several times”与下文的“lifelng friends”相呼应，说明了班尼斯特和救援者之间的深厚友谊。故选E。
05（25-26高三上·湖北·开学考试）
Nwadays, meaningfully cnnecting with new peple is n mean achievement. Frm the decline f the ffice t the rise f single-ccupancy flats, ur scial lives are being taken away frm us. 1 Their ads prmte the safety and cnvenience f staying hme and nt seeing r talking t anther human.
It wasn’t always like this. 2 Yu’ll see cafes and nightclubs and buses and trains filled with life and cnversatin. Peple talk t ne anther. Ludly and prudly, they just talk. 3 S, I tried it ut n everyne I met, frm neighbrs and shpkeepers t hspitality wrkers and grups f strangers in cafes and pubs.
4 I remember being attracted int ne f Gail’s bakeries by the backgrund music they played. I walked ver t the baker. I pinted upwards. “Are yu guys respnsible fr this playlist?” A nd. “Ah, great, lve it” He smiles thinly and nds a plite “gdbye”, which everyne knws means: “GO AWAY IMMEDIATELY, PLEASE.”
Yet persistence paid ff when the ice was finally brken by Graham, a fellw resident f my little neighbrhd. We gt chatting ne day while he was smking n his drstep. I mentined being a writer, and he paused, taking a lng drag n his cigarette, and said, “Wrds are t the mind what exercise is t the bdy.” That prfund insight immediately pened a channel between us. 5 Thse encunters, brn frm a cnscius effrt t cnnect, have gradually wven warmth and familiarity int the fabric f my daily life.
A．Lk at phts f city life in the 90s r 00s.
B．My first interactin experiment didn’t g s well.
C．Online platfrms ffer new ways t bnd mre clsely.
D．What better way t make scial cnnectins than this?
E．My first attempt with the baker wrked ut as planned.
F．Then, cnversatins with strangers becme a regular ccurrence.
G．Meanwhile, streaming services and fd-delivery apps discurage us frm ging ut.
【答案】1．G 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在现代社会中尝试与陌生人建立联系的经历。文章通过对比过去和现在的社交环境，描述了作者如何主动打破僵局、开启对话，并最终在生活中融入更多温暖的人际互动。
1．根据上文“Frm the decline f the ffice t the rise f single - ccupancy flats, ur scial lives are being taken away frm us.(从办公室的减少到单人公寓的兴起，我们的社交生活正被剥夺)”以及下文“Their ads prmte the safety and cnvenience f staying hme and nt seeing r talking t anther human.(它们的广告宣扬待在家里、不与他人见面或交谈的安全性和便利性)”可知，上文提到了我们的社交生活正被剥夺，下文提到了广告宣扬待在家里、不与他人见面或交谈的安全性和便利性，可推理出空白处应提及另一个导致人们减少社交、不愿外出的因素，G项“Meanwhile, streaming services and fd-delivery apps discurage us frm ging ut.(与此同时，流媒体服务和外卖应用阻止我们外出)”符合语境，故填G项。
2．根据上文“It wasn’t always like this.(事情并不总是这样的)”以及下文“Yu’ll see cafes and nightclubs and buses and trains filled with life and cnversatin.(你会看到咖啡馆、夜总会、公交车和火车上充满了生机和交谈)”可知，下文提到了咖啡馆、夜总会、公交车和火车上充满了生机和交谈，可推理出此处是要展现过去不同的社交场景，A项“Lk at phts f city life in the 90s r 00s.(看看 90 年代或 00 年代的城市生活照片)”能够引出下文描述的过去的热闹景象，符合逻辑。故填A项。
3．根据上文“Peple talk t ne anther. Ludly and prudly, they just talk.(人们彼此交谈。他们大声而自豪地交谈着)”以及下文“S, I tried it ut n everyne I met, frm neighbrs and shpkeepers t hspitality wrkers and grups f strangers in cafes and pubs (于是，我便试着与遇到的每个人打交道，从邻居、店主到咖啡馆和酒吧里的服务人员以及成群的陌生人)”可知，上文提到了人们彼此交谈，下文提到了我便试着与遇到的每个人打交道，可推理出作者受过去人们轻松交谈的启发，想要尝试这种社交方式，D项“What better way t make scial cnnectins than this?(还有什么比这更好的建立社交联系的方式呢？)”既肯定了过去那种交谈方式在社交上的作用，也自然引出了下文作者的尝试，符合语境。故填D项。
4．根据下文“I remember being attracted int ne f Gail’s bakeries by the backgrund music they played. I walked ver t the baker. I pinted upwards. “Are yu guys respnsible fr this playlist?” A nd. “Ah, great, lve it” He smiles thinly and nds a plite “gdbye”, which everyne knws means: “GO AWAY IMMEDIATELY, PLEASE.”(我记得当时被盖尔烘焙坊播放的背景音乐所吸引，便走了过去。我朝上指了指，问道：‘这首歌单是你们选的吗？’对方点了点头。‘太好了，很喜欢！’他淡淡地笑了笑，礼貌地点了下头算是道别——而人人都明白这意思其实是：‘请立刻离开！’)”可知，这次互动并不顺利，B项“My first interactin experiment didn’t g s well.(我的第一次互动实验进展不太顺利)”能够概括这段经历，引出下文具体内容。故填B项。
5．根据上文“Yet persistence paid ff when the ice was finally brken by Graham, a fellw resident f my little neighbrhd. We gt chatting ne day while he was smking n his drstep. I mentined being a writer, and he paused, taking a lng drag n his cigarette, and said, “Wrds are t the mind what exercise is t the bdy.” That prfund insight immediately pened a channel between us (然而，我的坚持终于得到了回报，我的邻居格雷厄姆终于打破了僵局。有一天，当他在家门口抽烟时，我们聊了起来。我提到自己是个作家，他停顿了一下，深深地吸了一口烟，说：‘语言之于心灵，犹如运动之于身体。’这句深刻的见解立刻在我们之间开辟了一条通道)”可知，此处描述了作者与邻居格雷厄姆成功交流的经历，结合下文“Thse encunters, brn frm a cnscius effrt t cnnect, have gradually wven warmth and familiarity int the fabric f my daily life.(这些出于有意识的联系而产生的相遇，逐渐为我的日常生活编织出了温暖和熟悉)”可知，此处表示作者与他人的交流逐渐变得频繁，可推理出此处说的是与Graham的交流打开了局面后，与陌生人的交流变得常态化了，F项“Then, cnversatins with strangers becme a regular ccurrence.(然后，与陌生人的交谈变成了常事)”符合语境，承接上文并引出下文对这些相遇的总结。故填F项。
06（24-25高三上·广西玉林·开学考试）
Need t Slve a Prblem? Try a Pwer Nap
Stuck n a difficult task? New research suggests a 20-minute nap might spark creative slutins. 1
Scientists asked 90 healthy adults t cmplete a cmputer task invlving mving dts. Unbeknwnst t them, the dts’ directin was secretly linked t clrs. 2 The remaining 75 participants then tk a 20-minute nap while their brain activity was mnitred.
After napping, participants retried the task. Results shwed 85.7% wh reached N2 sleep (a deeper nn-REM stage) discvered the hidden pattern. Only 63.6% in lighter N1 sleep succeeded. Merely 55.5% f nn-sleepers figured it ut. 3 N1 is characterized as light sleep, typically lasting under 10 minutes, whereas N2 represents a deeper nn-REM stage frm which waking is mre challenging, ften spanning 30 t 60 minutes in duratin.
Thugh the exact brain mechanism is unclear, researchers believe naps make the brain “mre pen t new ideas.” 4 This might explain why naps trigger “aha!” mments.
Great minds like Thmas Edisn used similar techniques. He napped hlding steel balls — if he slept t deeply, the clatter wke him. 5 Mdern science nw cnfirms deeper N2 sleep benefits cmplex prblem-slving.
While naps aren’t a universal slutin, this study prves targeted rest can unlck hidden insights. Next time yu’re stuck, try a pwer nap!
A．He likely nly reached light N1 sleep.
B．This prves specific sleep stages matter.
C．Strategic naps may fuel daily innvatin.
D．Earlier n-nap tests had lwer success rates.
E．Brainwaves shwed deep sleep befre insights.
F．REM sleep invlves dreams but wasn’t studied.
G．15 participants sptted the pattern early and left.
【答案】1．C 2．G 3．B 4．E 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一项新研究，表明20分钟的小睡可能会激发创造性的解决方案，有助于解决难题，还探讨了不同睡眠阶段对解决问题的影响等内容。
1．根据前文“New research suggests a 20-minute nap might spark creative slutins.(新的研究表明，20分钟的小睡可能会激发创造性的解决方案。)”可知，此处应继续围绕小睡与创造性的关系展开，C选项“Strategic naps may fuel daily innvatin.(有策略的小睡可能会促进日常创新。)”中的“Strategic naps”呼应前文的“20-minute nap”，“fuel daily innvatin”与“spark creative slutins”表意相近，承接上文，符合语境。故选C项。
2．根据空前“Scientists asked 90 healthy adults t cmplete a cmputer task invlving mving dts. Unbeknwnst t them, the dts’ directin was secretly linked t clrs. (科学家让90名健康的成年人完成一项涉及移动点的计算机任务。他们不知道的是，点的方向与颜色秘密相关。)”以及空后“The remaining 75 participants then tk a 20-minute nap while their brain activity was mnitred. (其余75名参与者随后小睡了20分钟，期间他们的大脑活动受到了监测。)”可知，90名参与者中剩下75名，说明有15名提前完成或离开，G选项“15 participants sptted the pattern early and left.(15名参与者提前发现了这个模式并离开了。)”刚好解释了人数的变化，符合语境。故选G项。
3．根据前文“After napping, participants retried the task. Results shwed 85.7% wh reached N2 sleep (a deeper nn-REM stage) discvered the hidden pattern. Only 63.6% in lighter N1 sleep succeeded. Merely 55.5% f nn-sleepers figured it ut. (小睡之后，参与者重新尝试了这项任务。结果显示，达到N2睡眠阶段（一种更深层次的非快速眼动睡眠阶段）的参与者中，有85.7%发现了隐藏的规律；处于较浅的N1睡眠阶段的参与者中，仅有63.6%成功发现；而未入睡的参与者中，仅55.5%弄明白了其中的规律。)”可知，此处列举了数据对比，N2睡眠者成功率85.7%，N1睡眠者63.6%，非睡眠者55.5%，而空后“N1 is characterized as light sleep, typically lasting under 10 minutes, whereas N2 represents a deeper nn-REM stage frm which waking is mre challenging, ften spanning 30 t 60 minutes in duratin.(N1期被定义为浅睡阶段，通常持续不到10分钟；而N2期则是更深层次的非快速眼动睡眠阶段，从该阶段醒来更为困难，其持续时间通常在30到60分钟之间。)”对N1和N2睡眠阶段的解释，由此可知，不同睡眠阶段的效果不同，B选项“This prves specific sleep stages matter.(这证明特定的睡眠阶段很重要。)”对前文结果进行了总结，引出下文对睡眠阶段的说明，符合语境。故选B项。
4．根据空前“Thugh the exact brain mechanism is unclear, researchers believe naps make the brain “mre pen t new ideas.”(尽管确切的大脑机制尚不清楚，但研究人员认为，小睡会让大脑“更容易接受新想法”。)”可知，此处应与大脑活动相关，E选项“Brainwaves shwed deep sleep befre insights.(脑电波显示，在产生洞察力之前有深度睡眠。)”中的“Brainwaves”呼应“brain mechanism”，进一步解释了小睡与洞察力的关系，符合语境。故选E项。
5．根据前文“He napped hlding steel balls — if he slept t deeply, the clatter wke him.(他握着钢球小睡——如果睡得太深，撞击声会把他吵醒。)”可知，爱迪生不会进入太深的睡眠，结合空后“Mdern science nw cnfirms deeper N2 sleep benefits cmplex prblem-slving.(现代科学证实更深N2睡眠有益复杂问题解决。)”可知，此空承上启下。A选项“He likely nly reached light N1 sleep.(他可能只达到了轻度N1睡眠。)”与前文内容一致，其中的“He”指代的是空前句的爱迪生，“light N1 sleep”呼应空后“deeper N2 sleep”，符合语境。故选A项。
07（24-25高二下·江苏无锡·阶段练习）
D yu want t get yurself a great pht？Learn hw t lk gd and natural in yur pht with these simple tips.
Keep it real. The human eye is very gd at sptting the difference between a “scial smile”，where just the muth muscles are wrking, and a “real smile”, which reaches the eyes. If yu frce a smile fr the pht, it risks making yu lk nt genuine. 1
Get the eyeballing right. A straight gaze lks aggressive, while gazing dwn at the camera seems cmmanding and gazing up small and weak. 2 Whichever ptin yu chse, it’s best t avid extremes.
Design yur bdy language. The wider yur bdy stretches, the mre relaxed yu lk. 3 Think f a king lking dwn thughtfully frm his thrne. If yu’re making a gesture, r the wind is blwing yur hair, yu lk lively and playful—that’s great as lng as it’s real. Again, peple are gd at detecting insincerity.
4 Avid using selfies, which ften cme ut lking either vain r self-cnscius. There are lts f studis ffering shts—and vides—that lk attractive and natural. Talk t the phtgrapher t make sure he/she puts yu at ease, because that’s hw yu want t lk n the site. 5 Make the trip as fun and lving as pssible—when there’s smene yu lve behind the camera, yu’ll shw an affectinate lk uncnsciusly, and peple are mre likely t think, “I want that persn t lk at me like that！”
A．Find yur phtgrapher.
B．Be creative in yur phtgraphy.
C．Lking slightly at an angle is ften the friendliest.
D．Yu will discver a lt abut yurself thrugh yur pht.
E．Have yur pht taken when yu are really enjying yurself.
F．Similarly，the stiller yu are，the mre frmal and cnfident yu seem.
G．Fr a cheaper ptin，ask a clse friend t g smewhere nice with yu and snap away.
【答案】1．E 2．C 3．F 4．A 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章给出拍出好照片的技巧：保持真实、眼神恰当、设计肢体语言、找合适拍摄者，呈现自然好看的状态。
1．由上文“If yu frce a smile fr the pht, it risks making yu lk nt genuine.(如果你在照片中强颜欢笑，可能会让你看起来不真诚。)”可知，此处需要说明如何拍出自然真诚的状态。E项Have yur pht taken when yu are really enjying yurself.(当你真正开心的时候再拍照。)中“really enjying yurself”呼应上文“real smile”，说明在真正愉悦时拍照能呈现自然状态，避免不真诚，逻辑连贯。故选E项。
2．由上文“A straight gaze lks aggressive, while gazing dwn at the camera seems cmmanding and gazing up small and weak.(直视显得有攻击性，低头看镜头显得有掌控力，抬头看则显得渺小软弱。)”及下文“Whichever ptin yu chse, it’s best t avid extremes.(无论选择哪种，最好避免极端。)”可知，此处需要提出一种适中的眼神方式。C项Lking slightly at an angle is ften the friendliest.(稍微侧视通常是最友好的。)中“slightly at an angle”是介于“直视、低头、抬头”之间的适中方式，符合“避免极端”的建议，“friendliest”也体现了自然友好的状态，衔接自然。故选C项。
3．由上文“The wider yur bdy stretches, the mre relaxed yu lk.(身体伸展得越开，看起来就越放松。)”可知，此处需要说明相反的身体状态带来的效果。F项Similarly，the stiller yu are, the mre frmal and cnfident yu seem.(同样，你越安静，看起来就越正式和自信。)中“Similarly”表并列，“the stiller yu are，the mre frmal and cnfident yu seem”与上文“The wider yur bdy stretches, the mre relaxed yu lk” 形成对比，补充了不同身体语言的效果，逻辑完整。故选F项。
4．由下文“Avid using selfies, which ften cme ut lking either vain r self-cnscius. There are lts f studis ffering shts—and vides—that lk attractive and natural. Talk t the phtgrapher t make sure he/she puts yu at ease, because that’s hw yu want t lk n the site. (避免使用自拍，因为自拍往往看起来很虚荣或很不自在。有很多工作室提供看起来有吸引力和自然的镜头和视频。与摄影师交谈，确保他/她让你放松，因为这就是你想在网站上看到的样子。)”可知，此处需要提出关于拍摄者选择的建议。A项Find yur phtgrapher.(找到你的摄影师。) 中“Find yur phtgrapher”统领下文关于避免自拍、选择工作室和与摄影师沟通的内容，作为段落主题句，明确该部分聚焦拍摄者的选择，结构清晰。故选A项。
5．由上文“Talk t the phtgrapher t make sure he/she puts yu at ease, because that’s hw yu want t lk n the site.(与摄影师交谈，确保他/她让你放松，因为这就是你想在网站上看到的样子。)”及下文“Make the trip as fun and lving as pssible—when there’s smene yu lve behind the camera, yu’ll shw an affectinate lk uncnsciusly, and peple are mre likely t think, “I want that persn t lk at me like that！”(让这次旅行尽可能有趣和充满爱意——当相机后面有你爱的人时，你会无意识地露出深情的表情，人们更有可能想，“我希望那个人那样看着我！”)”可知，此处需要提供另一种拍摄者选择。G项Fr a cheaper ptin，ask a clse friend t g smewhere nice with yu and snap away.(作为更便宜的选择，让亲密的朋友和你一起去好地方抓拍。) 中“Fr a cheaper ptin”与上文“studis”形成对比，“clse friend”呼应下文“smene yu lve”，提供了经济实惠的替代方案，衔接紧密。故选G项。
08（2025·四川内江·一模）
Will AI Replace Teachers?
The AI teacher is als knwn as the mechanical teacher. 1 It’s a cmputer r machine that can teach a student accrding t the level it’s prgrammed t teach.
While the thught f a reliable cmputer teaching yur child might seem prmising, AI cannt adapt its teaching t its students during mid-lessn r read its students’ emtins as a human teacher can. 2 It als cannt inspire its students as a human teacher can. The biggest benefit f the human teacher is that he r she gives students human cnnectins they need.
There are sme wh believe that teachers will be cmpletely replaced by rbts by the year 2027. Human teachers d carry with them sme disadvantages. Sme teachers can be f pr character. Others can have a cmprmising character r nt be as knwledgeable abut particular subjects as they shuld be. 3
If yu ask anyne the tp qualities f a gd teacher, an AI cannt meet these standards. They include friendly attitude, listening skills, respectful attitude, strng wrk ethic, patience, discipline skills, and s frth. AI cannt replace teachers. They cannt give a child what he r she needs. 4
5 It makes the human teacher’s jb easier and helps him r her t be mre efficient. This added efficiency allws him r her the time he r she needs t wrk mre ne-n-ne with students t prvide mre adaptability and understanding fr them. The tw things are what an AI teacher wuld struggle t prvide.
A．Frankly speaking, students have their wn disadvantages t.
B．It is exactly what it sunds like.
C．Hwever, this des nt mean that AI is nt necessary.
D．Luckily, the gd news is that AI shws mre respect fr teachers.
E．Students lng fr the student-teacher bnd, cperatin, and lve.
F．It fails t simplify prblems students have unless it’s prgrammed t d s.
G．These drawbacks can be crrected, thugh, thrugh prper mnitring.
【答案】1．B 2．F 3．G 4．E 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了人工智能无法替代人类教师，但是可以辅助教学，帮助人类教师提升教学效率。
1．前文“The AI teacher is als knwn as the mechanical teacher. (人工智能老师也被称为机器老师)”提到人工智能老师的另一名称，后文“It’s a cmputer r machine that can teach a student accrding t the level it’s prgrammed t teach. (它是一台能根据预设教学水平来教导学生的计算机或机器)”解释机器老师的具体含义，此处需要一个过渡句，肯定机器老师名称的合理性，因此B项“It is exactly what it sunds like. (它正如其名)”符合语境，承前启后。故选B。
2．前文“While the thught f a reliable cmputer teaching yur child might seem prmising, AI cannt adapt its teaching t its students during mid-lessn r read its students’ emtins as a human teacher can. (尽管一台可靠的计算机来教导孩子的想法看似前景广阔，但人工智能无法像人类教师那样在授课过程中根据学生情况调整教学方式，也无法读懂学生的情绪)”提到与人类教师相比，人工智能教学无法适应学生或读懂情绪，此处应补充人工智能的另一个局限性，因此F项“It fails t simplify prblems students have unless it’s prgrammed t d s. (除非被编程，否则它无法简化学生的问题)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的AI。故选F。
3．前文“Human teachers d carry with them sme disadvantages. Sme teachers can be f pr character. Others can have a cmprmising character r nt be as knwledgeable abut particular subjects as they shuld be. (人类教师确实也存在一些不足之处。有些教师可能品德欠佳，另一些则可能性格软弱，或者在特定学科领域的知识储备达不到应有水平)”列举了人类教师的缺点，此处应补充如何解决这些缺点，因此G项“These drawbacks can be crrected, thugh, thrugh prper mnitring. (不过，这些缺点可以通过适当的监督来纠正)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的drawbacks呼应前文的disadvantages。故选G。
4．前文“AI cannt replace teachers. They cannt give a child what he r she needs. (人工智能无法取代教师。它无法给予孩子真正需要的东西)”强调人工智能无法满足学生的需求，此处应具体说明学生需要什么，因此E项“Students lng fr the student-teacher bnd, cperatin, and lve. (学生渴望师生之间的纽带、合作和关爱)”符合语境，承接前文。故选E。
5．前文段落主要指出人工智能无法取代人类教师，后文“It makes the human teacher’s jb easier and helps him r her t be mre efficient. This added efficiency allws him r her the time he r she needs t wrk mre ne-n-ne with students t prvide mre adaptability and understanding fr them. (人工智能让人类教师的工作更轻松，并帮助他们提高效率。这种效率的提升使教师能够腾出更多时间进行一对一教学，从而为学生提供更具适应性和理解力的教育)”提到人工智能能辅助人类教师提高效率，从而提升教育质量，此处需转折，说明人工智能仍有其必要性，因此C项“Hwever, this des nt mean that AI is nt necessary. (然而，这并不意味着人工智能是不必要的)”符合语境，和前文构成转折，引出后文。故选C。
09（2025·湖南娄底·一模）
Tday, cmmunity service ften feels like smething yu have t d, nt smething yu want t d. Schls require it fr graduatin, clleges ask abut it in applicatins, and even emplyers increasingly inquire abut it. This trend appears uplifting, because mre vlunteers mean strnger nnprfits. But I’ve realized there’s a prblem: 1
I’ve encuntered students wh talk abut vlunteering like it’s a cmpetitin. They declare invlvement with charity rganizatins prudly, nly t reveal astnishing gaps when questined further. “I did 100 hurs,” ne might say, yet struggles t explain the missins f the rganizatins. 2 When did helping thers becme abut cunting hurs instead f making a difference?
True service isn’t measured in hurs r reduced t strategic career mves. 3 Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp (坡道) fr an elderly neighbr s they can leave their huse. Or teaching math t kids wh can’t affrd tutrs because yu nticed they were struggling. At its cre, meaningful service demands emtinal investment — the willingness t center thers’ wellbeing abve persnal gain.
Refrming this system requires fundamentally rethinking hw we evaluate cmmitment. Clleges and emplyers must shift frm quantitative checkbxes t qualitative assessments. Instead f asking “Hw many hurs did yu serve?”, applicatins might inquire: “What scial challenge mved yu t act?” r “ 4 ”
5 Vlunteer because it is the right thing t d as a human being. If we care mre abut why we help instead f hw much we help, cmmunity service can becme what it’s meant t be — peple wrking tgether t make the wrld a little kinder, ne small act at a time.
A．It’s definitely abut caring.
B．This makes me really upset.
C．Dn’t vlunteer because yu have t.
D．It is determined by wh we ffer help t.
E．Hw did yur service meet the needs f yur cmmunity?
F．Hw many times a year did yu vlunteer fr charity wrk?
G．When we treat kindness like an assignment, are we really being kind?
【答案】1．G 2．B 3．A 4．E 5．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了社区服务的现状和问题，并提出了一些改进的建议。
1．根据上文“Tday, cmmunity service ften feels like smething yu have t d, nt smething yu want t d. Schls require it fr graduatin, clleges ask abut it in applicatins, and even emplyers increasingly inquire abut it. This trend appears uplifting, because mre vlunteers mean strnger nnprfits.(如今，社区服务往往感觉是你必须做的事情，而不是你想做的事情。学校要求毕业时必须做，大学在申请时会问，甚至雇主也越来越多地询问。这一趋势看起来令人振奋，因为更多的志愿者意味着更强的非营利组织。)”和空前“But I’ve realized there’s a prblem.(但是我意识到有一个问题。)”可知，上下文之间存在转折关系，且下文引出了问题，所以空白处应承接下文，指出问题所在。选项G“当我们把善良当作一项任务时，我们真的是在行善吗？”指出了把社区服务当作必须完成的任务这一问题，引出下文，符合语境。故选G。
2．根据上文“They declare invlvement with charity rganizatins prudly, nly t reveal astnishing gaps when questined further. “I did 100 hurs,” ne might say, yet struggles t explain the missins f the rganizatins.(他们自豪地宣称自己参与了慈善组织，但当被进一步询问时，却暴露出了惊人的差距。“我做了100个小时，”有人可能会说，但却难以解释这些组织的使命。)”可知，一些学生虽然参与了志愿服务，但却对志愿服务的组织和使命不了解，这让作者感到沮丧。选项B“这让我真的很沮丧”符合语境。故选B。
3．根据上文“True service isn’t measured in hurs r reduced t strategic career mves.(真正的服务不是以小时来衡量，也不是简化为战略性的职业变动。)”和下文“Imagine helping build a wheelchair ramp fr an elderly neighbr s they can leave their huse. Or teaching math t kids wh can’t affrd tutrs because yu nticed they were struggling. At its cre, meaningful service demands emtinal investment — the willingness t center thers’ wellbeing abve persnal gain.(想象一下，帮助一位年长的邻居建造一个轮椅坡道，这样他们就可以离开自己的房子。或者因为你注意到孩子们在挣扎，就给那些请不起家教的孩子教数学。从根本上说，有意义的服务需要情感投入——愿意把他人的福祉置于个人利益之上。)”可知，真正的服务不在于时长，而在于对他人的关怀和帮助。选项A“这绝对是关于关怀”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
4．根据上文“Instead f asking “Hw many hurs did yu serve?”, applicatins might inquire: “What scial challenge mved yu t act?” r…(申请时，不要问“你服务了多少小时？”，而是可以问：“是什么社会挑战促使你采取行动？”或者……”。)”可知，此处列举了一些除了问志愿服务时长之外的问题，这些问题应更侧重于志愿服务的实质。选项E“你的服务是如何满足社区需求的？”是一个与志愿服务实质相关的问题，符合语境。故选E。
5．根据下文“Vlunteer because it is the right thing t d as a human being.(做志愿者是因为这是作为一个人应该做的事情。)”可知，做志愿者是出于本心，而不是因为必须去做。选项C“不要因为你必须去做而去做志愿者”引出下文，符合语境。故选C。
10（24-25高三下·北京·开学考试）
Hw t Overcme Prcrastinatin (拖延)
Have yu ever prcrastinated? Dn’t wrry — we all have. Prcrastinatin is nt laziness — it’s stress! Putting ff tackling a prject has lng been knwn t cause stress, but mre recent studies shw that stress itself is a cause f prcrastinatin.
Often when I start a prject, everything seems t be swirling arund me. 1 Such chas is stressful and while stress and yur stress respnse can be energizing, they can als prevent yu frm mving frward. That stress induced inactiveness can make yu prcrastinate, and that feeds int a dangerus cycle that makes yu feel mre stressed and stalls yu even mre.
S, what can yu d if yu feel that way? Just beginning a task, n matter hw tiny the bite, will get yu ver the inactiveness and get yu ging. That tiny bit helps yu get in cntrl and reduces the paralyzing stress that stps yu frm mving frward. 2 Set a d-able gal fr yurself.
If it’s yur files that are wrrying yu, start by chsing ne drawer, r even half a drawer t rerganize. When yu’ve accmplished yur gal fr the day, stp! Yu will feel energized simply because yu’ve begun. Is starting a writing prject r a reprt yur prblem? A wise mentr ne tld me t start by creating the title page f a paper. That alne feels like an accmplishment. 3
The name f the game is t take baby steps twards whatever yur gal is. 4 If yu’ve been a cuch ptat fr mnths, perhaps due t excessive wrk r having been ill, dn’t try t run a marathn — start small. D sme marching steps while watching an ld mvie, r dance t a favrite tune. D sme kicks while sitting in a chair. Yu’ll feel energized frm the exercise and frm the fact that yu’ve actually gtten ff that cuch!
Yu may als let it marinate — d smething cmpletely different and cme back t the prject after yu take a break. Take a walk, preferably in nature, and mindfully savr all the things yu see and hear and smell. G fr a swim. Try a micr-meditatin. Gaze ut the windw. Ck smething fr yurself r lved nes. D it all with a friend r buddy, r in a prgram designed t help. 5 Cnnecting with friends enhances scial supprt and buffers stress. All these activities will help reduce that stress blck and get yu energized t begin t tackle yur daunting task.
A．Chas stps me in my tracks.
B．I find myself in the midst f a srt f chas.
C．Ding sme adequate exercise helps as well.
D．The same strategy applies t exercise as well.
E．Sharing the burden makes it easier t tackle the wrk.
F．It reduces yur stress and helps disslve the writer’s blck.
G．Break the situatin dwn int its smallest cntrllable parts.
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．F 4．D 5．E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了拖延并非懒惰而是压力所致，并给出了克服拖延的方法。
1．根据上文“Often when I start a prject, everything seems t be swirling arund me.(通常当我开始一个项目时，我感觉一切都在围着我打转)”以及下文“Such chas is stressful and while stress and yur stress respnse can be energizing, they can als prevent yu frm mving frward(这样的混乱是充满压力的，而压力以及你对压力的反应虽然可以激发动力，但它们也可能阻碍你前进)”可知，此处描述的是一种混乱的状态，B项“I find myself in the midst f a srt f chas.(我发现自己处于一种混乱之中)”与上文表述一致，故选B项。
2．根据上文“That tiny bit helps yu get in cntrl and reduces the paralyzing stress that stps yu frm mving frward.这一小步有助于你掌控局面，减少阻碍你前进的麻痹性压力)”以及下文“Set a d - able gal fr yurself.(为自己设定一个可行的目标)”可知，此处说的是要设定可行的目标，确保你能掌控局面，与G项“Break the situatin dwn int its smallest cntrllable parts.(将情况分解成最小的可控制部分)”表达的含义一致，故选G项。
3．根据上文“A wise mentr ne tld me t start by creating the title page f a paper. That alne feels like an accmplishment.(一位睿智的导师曾告诉我从创建论文的标题页开始。单是这一点就感觉像是一种成就)”可知，设定可行的目标并开始行动使得作者感觉像是一种成就，可推理出此处应继续阐述这种做法的好处，F项“It reduces yur stress and helps disslve the writer’s blck.(它能减轻你的压力，有助于消除写作障碍)”符合语境，故选F项。
4．根据上文“The name f the game is t take baby steps twards whatever yur gal is.(关键是朝着你的目标迈出小步)”以及下文“If yu’ve been a cuch ptat fr mnths, perhaps due t excessive wrk r having been ill, dn’t try t run a marathn - start small. D sme marching steps while watching an ld mvie, r dance t a favrite tune. D sme kicks while sitting in a chair. Yu’ll feel energized frm the exercise and frm the fact that yu’ve actually gtten ff that cuch!(如果你已经几个月没运动了，可能是因为工作过度或者生病，不要试图去跑马拉松——从小事做起。在看老电影的时候做一些踏步动作，或者随着喜欢的曲子跳舞。坐在椅子上的时候踢踢腿。你会因为运动以及你已经从沙发上站起来这个事实而感到精力充沛)”可知，上文说的是要朝着你的目标迈出小步，下文说的是从不剧烈的运动开始做起，可推理出空白处表示的是这种策略同样适用于锻炼，D项“The same strategy applies t exercise as well.(同样的策略也适用于锻炼)”符合语境，故选D项。
5．根据上文“D it all with a friend r buddy, r in a prgram designed t help.(和朋友或伙伴一起做这些事，或者参加一个旨在提供帮助的项目)”以及下文“Cnnecting with friends enhances scial supprt and buffers stress.(与朋友联系能增强社会支持并缓解压力)”可知上文提到了与朋友或者伙伴一起做，下文提到了缓解压力，可推理出此处应是说分担负担对处理工作有益，E项“Sharing the burden makes it easier t tackle the wrk.(分担负担使处理工作更容易)”符合语境，故选E项。
11（24-25高三下·黑龙江·开学考试）
Furteen years ag, I was invited t spend my summer hliday with a Swedish friend.
The lng hurs f daylight were spent eating hme-baked waffles (华夫饼) with strawberry jam and swimming in the sea. 1 We had n schedule t keep, and wrk culdn't have been further frm ur minds. It was abut slwing dwn, enjying the warmer weather and making the mst f what nature had t ffer, surrunded by family and friends.
As I settled int Swedish life, I realized that the calm apprach wasn’t cnfined (局限) t the hlidays. At a dinner party in Malmō, my new friends intrduced me t lagm. “Yu dn’t have a translatin fr it in English”, they said prudly. “ 2 ” But they clarified, “N, it’s srt f ‘just right’.”
Lagm, prnunced ‘Inh-gm’ (‘la’ like ‘far’, ‘gm’ like ‘frm’), is deeply rted in the Swedish mindset. Often lsely translated as ‘nt t much and nt t little’, lagm is abut finding a balance that wrks fr yu. Water can be lagm warm. Yu can wrk a lagm amunt. Trusers can be a lagm fit. 3
In a wrld where we’re cnnected 24/7, it ften feels like we have s much n ur plates. 4 A life with less stress and mre time fr the things we lve sunds like the perfect balance.
5 Hwever, I hpe the ideas in this bk will help yu think mre cnsciusly abut intrducing lagm in ther ways, t; in a way that wrks fr yu. By making subtle changes t yur. everyday rutine, yu can find greater balance-and make time fr the things that matter mst in life.
A．I guessed it meant “perfect”.
B．Lagm is a type f art, nt a lifestyle.
C．The days were carefree and uncmplicated.
D．It’s a wrd yu can use in almst any cntext.
E．We culdn’t help but wrry abut upcming tasks.
F．Wuldn’t it be wnderful if we culd all slw dwn a little?
G．Yu are n dubt exercising lagm in many aspects f yur life already.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．F 5．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了瑞典的“lagm”文化概念，强调平衡与适度的生活方式。
1．根据上文“The lng hurs f daylight were spent eating hme-baked waffles (华夫饼) with strawberry jam and swimming in the sea.(在漫长的白天，我们吃着家里烤的加了草莓酱的华夫饼，在海里游泳)”及下文“We had n schedule t keep, and wrk culdn't have been further frm ur minds. It was abut slwing dwn, enjying the warmer weather and making the mst f what nature had t ffer, surrunded by family and friends.(我们没有时间表要遵守，工作也离我们越来越远。这是关于放慢脚步，享受温暖的天气，在家人和朋友的陪伴下，充分利用大自然所提供的一切)”可知，本段落介绍瑞典的慢节奏生活。由此可知，C. The days were carefree and uncmplicated.(那些日子无忧无虑，简简单单)体现这种轻松愉快的氛围，符合语境。故选C项。
2．根据上文“Yu dn’t have a translatin fr it in English(你们英语中没有它合适的翻译)”及下文“N, it’s srt f ‘just right’.(不，这是一种‘刚刚好’的意思)”的否定回答可知，lagm是一个很难直接翻译的词，该空应该是作者对于lagm词义的一个猜测。由此可知，A. I guessed it meant “perfect”.(我猜它的意思是“完美”)符合前后文语境。故选A项。
3．根据上文“Often lsely translated as ‘nt t much and nt t little’, lagm is abut finding a balance that wrks fr yu. Water can be lagm warm. Yu can wrk a lagm amunt. Trusers can be a lagm fit.(lagm是指找到一种适合你的平衡。水可以lagm程度的热。你可以做lagm量的工作。裤子可以lagm很合身)”可知，这里解释lagm是关于找到适合自己的平衡点，后面列举三个使用这个词的场景做例子。由此可知，D. It’s a wrd yu can use in almst any cntext.(这个词几乎可以在任何语境中使用)符合语境。故选D项。
4．根据上文“In a wrld where we’re cnnected 24/7, it ften feels like we have s much n ur plates. (在一个全天候联系的世界里，我们常常觉得自己有太多事情要做)”及下文“A life with less stress and mre time fr the things we lve sunds like the perfect balance.(压力更少，有更多时间做我们喜欢的事情的生活听起来是完美的平衡)”可知，现代生活压力巨大，而这样慢节奏的生活很好。由此可知，F. Wuldn’t it be wnderful if we culd all slw dwn a little? (如果我们都能慢下来不是很好吗？)恰好与此想法呼应，表达了对慢下来生活的向往。故选F项。
5．根据下文“Hwever, I hpe the ideas in this bk will help yu think mre cnsciusly abut intrducing lagm in ther ways, t;(然而，我希望本书中的观点也能帮助你更有意识地以其他方式引入lagm)”可知，空后转折后表示，希望读者可以有意识地在其他方面也保持lagm模式，推测前面表示读者可能已经在一些方面践行着lagm。由此可知，G. Yu are n dubt exercising lagm in many aspects f yur life already.(毫无疑问，你已经在生活的许多方面开始使用lagm了)契合本段，in many aspects与in ther ways, t呼应。故选G项。
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