高考英语二轮专题-名词性从句（知识清单）（学生版）

这是一份高考英语二轮专题-名词性从句（知识清单）（学生版），共16页。学案主要包含了知能解读01，知能解读02，知能解读03，重难点突破01，重难点突破02，重难点突破03，易混易错01，易混易错02等内容，欢迎下载使用。

01 名词性从句概述
名词性从句：名词性从句指的是在句子中起名词作用的句子，其功能相当于名词词组。
类型：根据功能，名词性从句分主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
连词：引导名词性从句的连词有that, if, whether, because。
连接代词：引导词性从句的连接代词有wh(ever), what(ever), whm(ever), whse, which(ever),等。
连接副词：when, where, why, hw等
02 连词if和whether表示“是否”的区别
1.引导主语从句且从句位于句首时，只用whether。
Whether she cmes r nt makes n difference. 她来不来都没有关系。
2.引导表语从句时，只用whether。
The questin is whether we can finish it n time. 问题是我们能否按时完成。
3.引导宾语从句且与r nt直接连用时，只用whether。
Can yu tell me whether r nt the train has left? 你能告诉我火车是否已经离开了？
4.后接不定式时，只用whether。
Whether t take the jb ffer is up t yu.是否接受这份工作由你决定。
5.位于介词之后时，只用whether。
It all depends n whether they will supprt us.这完全取决于他们是否支持我们。
6.引导同位语从句时，只用whether。
They raised the questin whether we ught t call in a specialist. 们提出了我们是否应请专家来的问题。
7.引导宾语从句且不与r nt直接连用时，if和whether均可。
Please tell me if/whether yu will g t the lectures tmrrw r nt. 请告诉我你明天是否去听讲座。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (2023新课标I卷)T eat ne, yu have t decide whether __________ (bite) a small hle in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), r t put the whle dumpling in yur muth, letting the ht sup explde n yur tngue.
2. (2022浙江1月卷)Cbb, fr her party, started t ask cnference rganizers wh invited her t speak ______ she culd d s remtely.
3. It remains t be seen__________ the new regulatins will lead t better cmpliance amng all emplyees.
4. It is still unknwn __________ the medicine will be effective t human beings.
5. It makes n difference t me__________ yu like it r nt.
6. It matters little __________ r nt he cmes here because he desn’t belng t ur team.
7. As we learn mre abut the universe, we may ne day answer the questin __________ there is life n ther planets.
8. There is sme dubt __________ it is wise t depend cmpletely n the ratings in cnsumptin.
9. There is sme dubt __________ ne day humans will find cures t deal with deadly diseases, such as cancer and bld diseases.
10. It desn’t matter __________ yu pay by cash r credit card in this stre.
03含感叹句的宾语从句的用法
1.主句+what+a(n)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语。
注意点：保持感叹句陈述语序；what的中心名词必须是名词；名词区分不可数名词以及可数名词单复数。
She said what a lvely sng it was. 她说那是一首多么动听的歌啊。
I knw what an interesting bk yu have bught! 我知道你买了一本多么有趣的书！
2.主句+hw+形容词/副词+主语+谓语。
She thught hw beautiful the city was. 她认为这座城市多么美丽。
We are talking abut hw amazing the mvie is. 我们在谈论这部电影有多精彩。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. D nt let any failures discurage yu, fr yu can never tell _______ clse yu may be t victry.
2. Srry I’m s late, but yu cannt imagine _____great truble I tk t find yur huse.
3. Yu can hardly imagine ______ excited he was when he heard the news.
4. _______sme teenagers dn't realize is _______difficult life can be after they get addicted t drugs.
5. We all knw __________ quickly time passes when we’re having fun.
01连接词that和what的区别
1. that是纯连接词，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也无实意，仅仅起到连接作用。
That humans evlved frm apes is widely accepted by scientists.（that引导主语从句，且位于句首）
人类是由猿进化而来的，这一观点被科学家们广泛接受。
It is bvius that he has n experience in this field. （that引导主语从句，it是形式主语）
很明显，他在这个领域没有经验。
The teacher emphasized that students shuld review their ntes regularly. （that引导宾语从句）
老师强调学生应该定期复习笔记。
The fact is that we need mre time t prepare. （that引导表语从句）
事实是我们需要更多时间来准备。
The news that the team wn the champinship spread quickly.（that引导同位语从句）
团队赢得冠军的消息很快就传开了。
2. what是连接代词，可以引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。what既起连接作用又作句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语和定语。巧记：what相当于the+名词+that…从句。
What he said at the meeting surprised everyne. （what引导主语从句且在从句作宾语）
他在会议上说的话让所有人都很惊讶。
I dn’t understand what yu’re trying t prve. （what引导宾语从句且在从句作宾语）
我不明白你想证明什么。
She is wrried abut what might happen next. （what引导宾语从句且在从句作主语）
她担心接下来会发生什么。
He is nt what he was ten years ag. （what引导表语从句且在从句作表语）
他不再是十年前的他了。
What few visitrs we have are always made welcme. （what引导主语从句且在从句作定语）
对不多的游客我们也表示欢迎。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(2024新课标I卷) On a cl, starry night in mid-September 1870, fur men relaxed befre a campfire alng the Firehle River in _________ is nw nrthwestern Wyming.
2. (2024浙江1月卷) If mst f their custmers are happy t buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll prmte.
3. (2023天津3月卷) Peple wh value their privacy are cncerned abut _________Ggle might d with the infrmatin it is gathering.
4. (2021全国I卷) _____________is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
5. (2021年天津卷) It seemed that I had becme ________ my parents had wanted me t be.
6. (2021全国I卷) _____________is s breathtaking abut the experience is the ut-f-this-wrld scenes.
7. (2020·天津卷) The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true __________ Prfessr Jseph had said.
8. (2020年浙江卷) Over thusands f years，they began t depend less n ______ culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild，and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
9.（2020天津卷) The student cmpleted this experiment t make cme true __________ Prfessr Jseph had said.
10.（2019全国I卷) While they are rare nrth f 88°，there is evidence ________ they range all the way acrss the Arctic, and as far suth as James Bay in Canada.
02 两种同位语从句的用法
1.“名词+ that…”型同位语从句
名词fact, news, truth, dubt, belief, thught, prblem等词后接从句，对名词做进一步解释说明，连接词只能用that，且不能省略。有时名词和同位语从句被谓语等分割开来。
The news that ur team wn the game is true.
我们队赢了比赛的消息是真的。
The suggestin that we (shuld) hld a meeting was accepted.
我们应该开会的建议被接受了。
Wrd came that he had been admitted t Beijing University.
消息传来他已经被北京大学录取了。
2.“名词+wh-…”型同位语从句
have n idea后面常接wh, what, when等wh-类连接词引导的同位语从句表示“不清楚……”
I have n idea when he will cme back.
我不知道他什么时候回来。
He has n idea whether the meeting has been cancelled.
他不知道会议是否已被取消。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The rising huse prices in mst cities have arused cncern amng yung migrant wrkers __________ they can’t affrd themselves a huse.
2. As we learn mre abut the universe, we may ne day answer the questin __________ there is life n ther planets.
3. There is sme dubt __________ the weather will be gd enugh fr the utdr event.
4. I have n idea __________ will be in charge f the cmpany.
5. The prpsal __________ we shuld raise public awareness f heritage prtectin is wrth cnsidering.
6. Astrnmers have lng held the firm belief __________ there are ther livable planets in the vast universe.
7. There is n dubt __________ yu are experienced in presenting yur ideas, because f yur abundant skills.
8. The questin remains __________ the new plicy will have a psitive impact n the ecnmy in the lng run.
9. Yu have n idea __________ anxius I have been fr her safety.
10. I have n idea __________ the by is ding in the next rm nw.
03 it作形式主语/宾语的名词性从句
1. It + be +名词+从句
常用于该句型的名词有hnur, duty, pity, fact等，it作形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。
It is a fact that the earth revlves arund the sun. 地球绕着太阳转是一个事实。
It is a pity that yu missed the wnderful cncert. 你错过了那场精彩的音乐会，真可惜。
2. It + be +形容词+从句
常用于该句型的形容词有natural, imprtant, strange, vital等，it作形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。
It is natural that he shuld be nervus in such an imprtant exam. 在如此重要的考试中，他会紧张是很自然的。
It is necessary that we shuld learn a freign language. 我们有必要学习一门外语。
3. It + be +过去分词+从句
常用于该句型的过去分词有said, annunced, reprted, declared等，it作形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。
It is reprted that there was an earthquake in that area last night. 据报道，昨晚那个地区发生了地震。
It has been prved that this thery is crrect. 已经证实这个理论是正确的。
4. It +不及物动词+从句
常用于该句型的动词有seem, appear, happen等，it作形式主语，后面的that从句是真正的主语。
It happened that I was ut when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧出去了。
It appears that they have made a decisin. 似乎他们已经做了决定。
5. find + it +形容词/名词+从句
常用于该句型的动词有find, think, cnsider, make, feel等，it作形式宾语，后面的that从句是真正的宾语。
I find it imprtant that we shuld prtect the envirnment. 我发现我们保护环境是很重要的。
She thinks it necessary that we shuld learn English well. 她认为我们学好英语是有必要的。
The teacher made it clear that we shuld finish ur hmewrk n time. 老师明确表示我们应该按时完成作业。
6. 动词短语+ it +that从句
常用于该句型的动词短语有depend n, rely n, cunt n, answer fr等，it作形式宾语，后面的that从句是真正的宾语。
Yu may depend n it that he will cme t help yu. 你可以相信他会来帮助你的。
Yu must answer fr it that yu have made such a mistake. 你必须为你犯的这样一个错误负责。
7. 动词+ it +从句
常用于该句型的动词短语有like, hate, appreciate等，it作形式宾语，后面的从句是真正的宾语。
I dn't like it when peple talk with their muths full. 我不喜欢人们满嘴食物说话。
I wuld appreciate it if yu culd help me. 如果你能帮助我，我将不胜感激。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. ___________was disturbing that she was being lked after by a rbt wh seemed mre like a human.
2. S the turism authrities in Shanxi and Shandng prvinces find ___________ a must t prmte their enriched turism resurces n scial media.
3. After all, the terrible present situatin makes ___________ difficult fr us t cmplete the task n time.
4. ___________ is believed that with the help f high technlgy, ur life will be cnvenient.
5. I rely n ___________ that tmrrw will be better.
6. We always take ___________ fr granted that ur parents d everything fr us withut asking anything in return.
7. I hate ___________ when they talk with their muths full f fd.
8. ___________ never ccurred t him t turn t anyne fr help when he failed in ding business.
9. I’d appreciate ___________ if yu culd put yurself in my shes and tell me hw I can, deal with it.
10. I hate it ___________ the weather becmes freezing cld because there is n heater inside.
01 虚拟语气在名词性从句的用法
一、宾语从句中的虚拟语气
1. I wish that…后的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
I wish I were a bird. 我希望我是一只鸟。
She wishes she had studied harder. 她希望自己当初学习更努力。
2. wuld rather that…后的宾语从句表示 “宁愿某人做某事”， 表示与现在或将来事实相反，从句谓语用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时。
I'd rather yu came tmrrw. 我宁愿你明天来。
She'd sner he hadn't said that. 她宁愿他没说过那样的话。
3. 表示建议、要求、命令等动词后的宾语从句，从句谓语动词用 “shuld +动词原形”，shuld可省略。常见动词：suggest, recmmend, demand, require, insist, rder, prpse等。
The teacher suggested that we (shuld) read mre bks. 老师建议我们多读些书。
He insisted that she (shuld) accept the ffer. 他坚持让她接受这个提议。
二、主语从句中的虚拟语气
1. It is +形容词+ that从句，从句谓语动词用 “shuld + 动词原形”，shuld 可省略。常见形容词：necessary, imprtant, essential, urgent, advisable, natural, strange 等。
It is necessary that we (shuld) prtect the envirnment. 我们有必要保护环境。
It is strange that he (shuld) refuse the invitatin. 他竟然拒绝邀请，真奇怪。
2. It is +过去分词+ that 从句，从句谓语动词用“shuld + 动词原形”，shuld可省略。常见过去分词：suggested, recmmended, required, demanded, rdered, prpsed等。
It was suggested that the meeting (shuld) be pstpned. 有人建议会议延期。
The leader urged that all members (shuld) attend the meeting. 领导力劝所有成员参加会议。
三、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
1.当主语是suggestin, recmmendatin, demand, requirement, rder, prpsal 等名词时，表语从句谓语动词用 “shuld + 动词原形”，shuld 可省略。
My suggestin is that we (shuld) start early. 我的建议是我们应该早点出发。
His demand is that the wrk (shuld) be finished by Friday. 他的要求是这项工作在周五前完成。
2. suggestin, recmmendatin, demand, requirement, rder, prpsal 等名词进行解释时，同位语从句谓语动词用 “shuld + 动词原形”，shuld可省略。
We all agreed t his suggestin that we (shuld) g n a picnic. 我们都同意他去野餐的建议。
The rder that we (shuld) evacuate immediately was given. 立即疏散的命令已经下达。
四、其他特殊结构中的虚拟语气
It's (high/abut) time +that从句,表示 “该做某事了”，从句谓语动词用过去式或shuld+动词原形,shuld不可省略。
It's high time we went hme. 我们该回家了。
It's abut time yu shuld start studying. 你该开始学习了。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It is requested that sme measures ___________ (take) t stp “white pllutin”.
2. It was prpsed that the huse ___________ (preserve) as it had been when the great writer lived in it.
3. As a parent, it is vital that yu ___________ (teach) yur child the value f mney.
4. It is highly recmmended that this bk ___________ (revise) befre getting published.
5. The engineer suggested that a new bridge ___________ (build) acrss the river t ease the traffic pressure.
6. Hw I wish I ___________ (fllw) yur advice yesterday.
7. The physician insisted that the lady ___________ (be) seriusly ill and that she ___________ (perate) n immediately.
8. When a pencil is partly in a glass f water, it lks as if it ___________ (break).
9. The authrity made a prpsal that yung peple ___________ (give) mre pprtunities t be prmted t higher psitins.
10. The gvernment made an fficial request that the meeting ___________ (put) ff.
02 wh-ever类引导词在名词性从句的用法
1. whatever 强调内容，意为“无论什么”，相当于anything that; 引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句，作主语、宾语。
She will eat whatever is available. 她会吃任何能找到的东西。
Whatever yu say cannt change the fact. 你说什么都无法改变事实。
2. whichever强调特定范围内的选择，意为“无论哪一个”;引导主语从句、宾语从句或让步状语从句，多作主语、宾语、定语。
Whichever f yu gets here first will get the prize. 你们谁第一个到达这里谁就获奖。
3. whever引导名词性从句，相当于anyne wh，在从句作主语。
Whever breaks the windw must pay fr it. 无论谁打破窗户都必须赔偿。
4. whmever引导名词性从句，意为“无论是谁”，在从句作宾语。
The cach will select whmever he thinks is suitable. 教练会挑选他认为合适的任何人。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. There is n escape frm the lng arm f the law. ___________breaks the law will sner r later be caught and will be punished.
2. ___________ des wrng t his cuntry r t the peple deserves punishment.
3. Yur supprt is imprtant t ur wrk, fr ___________ yu can d helps.
4. ___________ is the last ne t leave the classrm shuld turn ff the lights.
5. Parents in China spend ___________ it takes t give their kids an edge, but smetimes they just blindly fllw a trend and ver-schedule their children.
6. The gld medal will be awarded t ___________ wins the first place in the bicycle race.
7. T imprve the quality f ur prducts, we asked fr suggestins _________ had used the prducts.
8. As many as five curses are prvided, and yu are free t chse __________suits yu best.
03名词性从句中的时态照应
1. 主句谓语动词是现在或将来时，从句谓语动词可以用任何需要的时态。
I think he has finished his hmewrk. 我认为他已经完成了他的作业。
I'll tell yu what I will be ding at 8 'clck tmrrw. 我会告诉你明天8点我将在做什么。
2. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句谓语动词需用相应的过去时态。
She said that she wuld g t Paris next week. 她说她下周要去巴黎。
She tld me that she was watching TV at 8 'clck last night. 她告诉我她昨晚8点在看电视。
3. 主句谓语动词是一般过去时，从句表示客观真理时其时态不用改变。
The teacher tld us that the earth mves arund the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
Our physics teacher said that light travels faster than sund. 我们的物理老师说光比声音传播得快。
【跟踪训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. I was sent t the village last mnth t see hw the develpment plan ___________ (carry ut) in the past tw years.
2. In rder t hide his sadness, he talked and laughed as if nthing ___________ (happen).
3. I wnder when Mr Brwn ___________ (arrive). When he ___________ (arrive), I’ll tell him the news at nce.
4. The result was ppsite t what I ___________ (assume).
5. They prmised that they ___________ (send) me the reprt as sn as pssible.
6. It was the secnd time that she ___________ (find) the tracks f the wild man.
7. The teacher said that the sun ___________ (rise) frm the east.
8. Scientists have prved that the earth ___________ (turn) arund the sun.
9. He still remembers the snake that ___________ (bite) him during the camping trip last year.
10. She tld me that the plane ___________ (take) ff at 8:00 a.m.
括号法—应对阅读理解长难句中名词性从句
阅读理解长难句应对最简单有效的办法是遇到各种从句、非谓语、介词短语等用括号括起来视为一个单位，从而达到“去枝叶，留主干”删繁就简的目的，快速理解句子含义。
1. (2025全国一卷阅读B篇) Fr the next tw assignments, a persnal-narrative unit fllwed by a creative-writing wrkshp, I nly required that the piece meet the specificatins f its genre (体裁) and that it cntain a thesis.
翻译：对于接下来的两项作业 —— 个人叙事单元和创意写作工作坊，我只要求作品符合其体裁的规范，并包含一个论点。
理解：Fr the next tw assignments, a persnal-narrative unit fllwed by a creative-writing wrkshp, I nly required (that the piece meet the specificatins f its genre (体裁)) (宾语从句1) and (that it cntain a thesis)(宾语从句2).
2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) Althugh these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majrity f the western cities were cmpletely redesigned arund the needs f the mtr car.
翻译：尽管这些运动广泛开展，但实际情况是，大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车的需求进行了重新设计。
理解：(Althugh these campaigns were widespread) (让步状语从句), the reality is (that the majrity f the western cities were cmpletely redesigned arund the needs f the mtr car)(表语从句).
【跟踪训练】用括号法把下列各句的名词性从句括起来。
1. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) D we really recgnise what it csts us as a sciety when children can’t mve safely arund ur cmmunities?
2. (2025全国一卷阅读C篇) In a study published Wednesday in Envirnmental Science & Technlgy Letters, researchers frm China fund that biling tap water fr just five minutes — then filtering it after it cls — culd remve at least 80 percent f its micrplastics.
3. (2025全国一卷语法填空) Tu says that the balance between the black and white pieces, the beauty in the strategic placement f the pieces, and the energy flw fllwing each mve inspired artists t create il paintings, sculptures, digitally generated pictures and silk-screen prints fr the exhibitin.
4. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) Frm technlgical slutins t educatinal campaigns, fd prducers and sellers are lking fr ways t use mre f what we’re already grwing.
5. (2025全国二卷阅读D篇) Nevertheless, it serves as a reminder that there are many ways t address prblems f sustainability, and that yu can make an amazing meal ut f almst anything.
名词性从句综合能力提升
一、单项语法填空
在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The fficial made it clear _________he wuld d everything pssible t slve the prblem.
2. Yu have n idea _________anxius I have been fr her safety.
3. leaves the hall last shall turn ff the air cnditiner.
4. He is is knwn as a Jack f all trades — he seems t knw everything, but in fact master f nne.
5. All the preparatin wrk has been cmpleted but there still remains sme dubt everything will g as planned.
6. Over thusands f years, they began t depend less n culd be hunted r gathered frm the wild, and mre n animals they had raised and crps they had swn.
7. We knw that hnesty is an imprtant value and lying is wrng, but wh hnestly say that they have never tld a lie?
8. Smetimes I had the uncmfrtable feeling this little machine had taken up t much f my time.
9. It is likely native Americans mved t Califrnia at least 15,000 years ag.
10. made everyne present excited was that the scenery in the muntains was beautiful beynd expressin.
11. He has heart disease. That is he has been smking t much.
12. f them will becme the next president f this cuntry is still a mystery.
13. I want t buy sme stamps. Can yu tell me there is a pst ffice near here?
14. Tm gt stuck in the traffic jam and that’s he came late fr the meeting.
15. It desn’t matter the final wrk lks like but hw much effrt and devtin yu have pured int it.
16. It is believed human beings can travel in the universe in spaceships in the future.
17. There is little dubt the new plicy will bring benefits t the pubic in the near future.
18. The gld medal will be awarded t wins the first place in the bicycle race.
19. has been prved that the repetitive structure f nursery rhymes aids brain develpment in early childhd.
20. He is a reliable man and yu can depend n that he will keep his wrd.
二、名词性从句助力写作能力升格
1.(2025年全国一卷)我拿起电话给他留了一条语音信息，为我的行为道歉，并询问我们是否可以见面。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
2. (2025年全国一卷)我们聊了好几个小时，笑着回忆往昔，慢慢重建那些已失去的东西。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
3. (2025年全国一卷)当我看着托比轻轻把头靠在我哥哥的腿上时，我知道我们终于踏上了治愈的道路。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
4. (2025年全国一卷)我意识到，通过拥抱自己的文化身份，我不仅在守护自己的传统，也在丰富身边人的生活。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
5. (2024年新课标I卷) 在课堂上被自然环绕，让我意识到保护我们的环境是多么重要。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
6. (2024年浙江1月卷)我相信，只有每个人的贡献和参与，这场运动才能创造奇迹。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
7. (2024年浙江1月卷)任何想报名的人都填写申请表，并在本周五之前与我们联系。(主语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
8. (2023年新高考Ⅰ卷)我被告知我在写作比赛中获得一等奖，而且两天后有一个颁奖仪式。(宾语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
9. (2022年全国甲卷)我坚信只有通过共同努力保护海洋我们才有美好的未来。(同位语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________
10. (2021年全国乙卷) 毫无疑问，与传统的学习方法相比，在线学习有许多优势。(同位语从句)
________________________________________________________________________________________