山东省威海市经区2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末考试（解析版）英语试卷

这是一份山东省威海市经区2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末考试（解析版）英语试卷，共17页。试卷主要包含了本试题为笔试题，共80分，请考生将信息填写在答题区上，What des Para等内容，欢迎下载使用。
温馨提示：
1.本试题为笔试题，共80分。考试时间为90分钟。
2.请考生将信息填写在答题区上。考试结束后只交答题卷。请自己保管好试卷。 祝你考试成功!
一、阅读理解(共两节，合计20小题，计20分)
第一节：阅读选择(共15小题，每小题1分)。
阅读A、B、C三篇短文，根据短文内容，从每小题所给的三个选项中选择最佳答案。 请将答案填写到答题卡指定位置。
A
In 1419, a clckmaker named Filipp Brunelleschi started wrk n a very difficult prject. He was building the dme f Flrence’s main cathedral, the Basilica di Santa Maria del Fire. Fr 1,500 years, the wrld’s largest dme belnged t the Panthen in Rme. Brunelleschi’s jb was t build ne even larger.
The building f the cathedral began in 1296. By 1359, much f it was cmplete, but n ne knew hw t build its dme. Many builders culd build cncrete (混凝土) dmes. Hwever, the dme in Flrence needed t be wider than any dme ever built. A cncrete dme wuld be t heavy and wuld easily fall. The cathedral, therefre, remained unfinished fr many years.
Filipp Brunelleschi prmised t find a slutin. He said he wuld build tw dmes, an inner dme made f stne and an uter ne made f light bricks. He wuld use lighter materials as he wrked upwards. Strng rings made f stne, wd, and irn wuld hld everything tgether.
Brunelleschi als had t find a way t lift the materials high int the air. What did he d? He invented a new machine t d the jb.
Building the dme tk 16 years. Brunelleschi had dne smething n ne else culd. Hwever, he left n pictures f his design. S even tday’s experts dn’t fully understand hw this incredible structure was built.
1.Which f the fllwing is NOT given as a reasn the dme was difficult t build?
A.N ne had ever built a dme frm cncrete befre.
B.N ne had built such a wide dme befre.
C.Materials needed t be lifted high int the air.
2.What is the purpse f Paragraph 3?
A.T argue anther side f an issue.
B.T prvide backgrund infrmatin.
C.T explain a slutin t a prblem.
3.What is NOT true abut Filipp Brunelleschi?
A.He built tw dmes fr the cathedral.
B.He wanted t build the dme using nly ne material.
C.He invented a machine that lifted things int the air.
4.The fllwing sentence wuld best be placed at the end f which paragraph?
As a result, there was a large hle in the cathedral’s rf.
A.Paragraph 2.B.Paragraph 3.C.Paragraph 4.
5.Why dn’t we fully understand hw the dme was built?
A.Brunelleschi didn’t leave any pictures f his design.
B.It is cvered in cncrete and therefre difficult t study.
C.The dme has been rebuilt many times ver the years.
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了文艺复兴时期建筑师菲利波·布鲁内莱斯基成功建造佛罗伦萨圣母百花大教堂穹顶的过程，包括他所面临的工程难题、创新的双层结构与施工方案，以及其设计至今仍留下未解之谜。
1.【解析】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many builders culd build cncrete (混凝土) dmes.”可知，许多建造者都会建混凝土穹顶，所以A选项“以前从来没有人用混凝土建造过穹顶。”不属于圆顶建造困难的原因。故选A。
2.【解析】
主旨大意题。根据第三段内容“Filipp Brunelleschi prmised t find a slutin. He said he wuld build tw dmes, an inner dme made f stne and an uter ne made f light bricks. He wuld use lighter materials as he wrked upwards. Strng rings made f stne, wd, and irn wuld hld everything tgether.”可知，本段描述了布鲁内莱斯基提出的双层穹顶、轻质材料、加固环等方案，目的是解释对建造难题的解决方案。故选C。
3.【解析】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“He said he wuld build tw dmes, an inner dme made f stne and an uter ne made f light rings made f stne, wd, and irn wuld hld everything tgether.”可知，文中提到他用了石、砖、木、铁等多种材料，未说只用一种，因此B项错误。故选B。
4.【解析】
推理判断题。根据“As a result, there was a large hle in the cathedral’s rf.”可知，该句表示“因此，大教堂屋顶上有一个大洞”，这是穹顶建造难题带来的结果。第二段结尾说“大教堂因此多年未完工”，正好与之衔接。故选A。
5.【解析】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Hwever, he left n pictures f his design. S even tday’s experts dn’t fully understand hw this incredible structure was built.”可知，布鲁内莱斯基没有留下任何设计图，所以专家至今不完全理解它是如何建成的。故选A。
B
Great prgress has been made in technlgy by nw. It seems like everything has been greatly imprved. But there is ne thing unlike them. It was invented ver 100 years ag but remained unchanged until nw. I’m talking abut a blind walking stick.
The white stick has been used by many blind peple fr a lng time. Hwever, it hasn’t really been imprved, until a blind engineer named Kursat decided t d smething t change that. He hped his inventin wuld help the blind.
He invented a smart stick called the WeWalk. The smart stick uses built-in speakers and different sensrs (传感) t warn abut pssible dangers. It helps blind peple in navigatin (导航) arund their envirnment. It makes their travel much easier. The stick is priced at arund $500. It is less than half the price f mst smart phnes. Mst peple can affrd it. This inventin is ging t change life a lt fr the blind.
Kursat well understands the difficulties that the blind face. That’s because he is blind himself. He decided t put his knwledge f technlgy int inventing smething. It wuld nt nly change his life, but als the life f many thers.
“In these days, we are talking abut flying cars. But the blind have been using just a simple stick. As a blind persn, when I am at the bus stp, I dn’t knw which bus is cming r which stres are arund me. Nw, that kind f infrmatin can be prvided by the WeWalk,” he said, “I believe life f the blind will be much easier and safer.”
6.Why did Kursat invent the WeWalk?
A.T becme an engineer.
B.T help the blind.
C.T change the wrld.
7.What des the third paragraph mainly talk abut?
A.The name f the smart stick.
B.The reasn fr inventing the WeWalk.
C.The intrductin f the WeWalk.
8.What des Para.4 mainly want t tell us?
A.Kursat is a creative and caring persn.
B.Kursat knws the knwledge f technlgy.
C.Kursat has many difficulties in his life.
9.Which f the fllwing is Kursat’s idea?
A.Flying cars are mre imprtant than the WeWalk.
B.With the WeWalk, the blind can find their way mre easily.
C.The WeWalk can slve all the prblems fr the blind.
10.What can be inferred abut the passage?
A.It may be frm a magazine abut science.
B.It may be written fr the teenagers.
C.It encurages the blind t buy the WeWalk.
【答案】6.B 7.C 8.A 9.B 10.A
【语篇解读】本文是说明文，讲述盲人工程师Kursat因自身经历，发明了智能盲杖WeWalk，介绍了其功能、价格，以及这项发明对盲人生活的改变。
6.【解析】
细节理解题。根据文章第2段“He hped his inventin wuld help the blind.”可知，Kursat发明WeWalk是为了帮助盲人。故选B。
7.【解析】
主旨大意题。根据文章第3段，内容围绕WeWalk的功能（用扬声器和传感器预警危险、辅助导航）、价格（约500美元）展开，是对WeWalk的介绍。故选C。
8.【解析】
推理判断题。根据文章第4段“Kursat well understands the difficulties that the blind face... put his knwledge f technlgy int inventing smething... change his life, but als the life f many thers.”可知，他是有创造力且有爱心的人。故选A。
9.【解析】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Nw, that kind f infrmatin can be prvided by the WeWalk... I believe life f the blind will be much easier and safer.”可知，Kursat认为WeWalk能帮助盲人更轻松地认路。故选B。
10.【解析】
推理判断题。文章介绍的是智能盲杖这一科技发明，这类内容通常出现在科学类杂志中。故选A。
C
Nature has s much t teach us. It’s filled with clever designs and smart systems that humans can learn frm. There is even a special name fr when we learn frm nature.
This field f study is called bimimicry. Bimimicry is when scientists and engineers study hw animals and plants wrk in nature, then try t cpy these clever designs t slve prblems r make their wn designs better.
There is s much infrmatin in nature that can help us slve prblems and design better. We just have t pay attentin and lk clsely.
11.What des the underlined wrd “bimimicry” mean in Para 2?
A.生态学B.生物学C.仿生学
12.Hw des the writer develp the passage frm Para 3 t Para 5?
A.By giving 3 examples.
B.By telling 3 stries.
C.By shwing 3 pictures.
13.What was a Japanese engineer inspired by t redesign the frnt f the bullet train?
A.The burrs with hks.B.The kingfisher’s beak.C.A bird’s wing.
14.Which f the fllwing statements is right?
A.An engineer’s dg inspired him t create velcr.
B.Scientists designed the blade f the wind turbine int the same shape as a bird’s wing.
C.The blade f the wind turbine can cut thrugh water easily like a whale fin.
15.What’s the purpse f the passage?
A.T call n peple t prtect nature and lve animals.
B.T tell peple t pay attentin and learn frm nature.
C.T help peple slve mre design prblems.
【答案】11.C 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了仿生学的概念，并通过多个例子说明人类如何从自然界中获取灵感，解决实际问题并改进设计，强调了向自然学习的重要性。
11.【解析】
词句猜测题。根据第二段“Bimimicry is when scientists and engineers study hw animals and plants wrk in nature, then try t cpy these clever designs t slve prblems r make their wn designs better.”可知，仿生学是科学家和工程师研究动植物在自然界中的工作方式，然后尝试复制这些巧妙的设计来解决问题或改进自己的设计，所以“bimimicry”意思是“仿生学”。故选C。
12.【解析】
推理判断题。根据第三段“One f the mst well knwn examples f bimimicry is the inventin f Velcr.”、第四段“Let’s lk at a bird called the kingfisher.”以及第五段“Anther example is the blade f a wind turbine (涡轮机).”可知，作者从第三段到第五段通过给出三个例子来展开文章。故选A。
13.【解析】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Inspired by this, an engineer redesigned the frnt f the famus Japanese bullet train int the same shape as the kingfisher’s beak.”可知，一位日本工程师受到翠鸟喙的启发，重新设计了子弹头列车的前部。故选B。
14.【解析】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Scientists tk inspiratin frm the shape f a bird’s wing. Nw they’re lking at whale fins and maple seeds t imprve the design.”可知，科学家们从鸟翼的形状中获得灵感，设计了风力涡轮机的叶片。故选B。
15.【解析】
主旨大意题。根据最后一段“There is s much infrmatin in nature that can help us slve prblems and design better. We just have t pay attentin and lk clsely.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要目的是告诉人们要关注自然并从自然中学习。故选B。
第二节：短文还原(共5小题，每小题1分)。
阅读D篇，从下面六个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺、内容完整，每个选项限用一次，有一项为多余选项。
D
Anyne can benefit (受益) frm persnal grwth. Nt all persnal grwth has t be lengthy prcesses. I can share five skills fr enabling persnal grwth.
___16___
Befre taking part in an imprtant prject r task, take 60 secnds t ask r t find ut the difference between gd and great. If the definitin f great is such that it requires yu learning new things, yu just build yurself a mini-learning plan. Grwth will fllw.
___17___
Grwth stps when yu’re nt in the md (情绪) t invest in it. I tell myself when I’m in a bad md that it’s just a bad md, and it reminds me that I dn’t actually have bigger prblems. I have t stay pen t learn smething new.
___18___
Befre yur next cnversatin, remind yurself t be interested in what the ther persn has t say, nt fcus n (关注) what yu culd say next.
___19___
When we’re arguing fr ur pint f view, we’re listening the least. We fcus n trying t find faults in the ther’s argument rather than keeping an pen mind and trying t learn smething frm the ther’s perspective.
___20___
Befre yu start wrk n Mndays, ask yurself three “What” questins: “What d I need t learn this week t advance my gals? What d I want t learn t advance my cause? What am I interested t learn t feed my curisity? In ne minute, yu’ve priritized yur learning gals fr the week.
A.Fcus n yur md
B.Start yur week with three “Whats”
C.What gd and great lk like
D.Listen t understand, nt t cnvince (说服)
E.Be interested, nt interesting
F.Hw yu feel is nt hw things are
【答案】16.C 17.F 18.E 19.D 20.B
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了促进个人成长的五项技能。
16.【解析】
根据“Befre taking part in an imprtant prject r task, take 60 secnds t ask r t find ut the difference between gd and great. If the definitin f great is such that it requires yu learning new things, yu just build yurself a mini - learning plan. Grwth will fllw.”可知，此段主要围绕在参与重要项目或任务前，弄清楚好与伟大的区别展开，若伟大要求学习新事物就制定小学习计划，成长会随之而来。选项C“好和伟大是什么样的”符合语境。故选C。
17.【解析】
根据“Grwth stps when yu’re nt in the md (情绪) t invest in it. I tell myself when I’m in a bad md that it’s just a bad md, and it reminds me that I dn’t actually have bigger prblems. I have t stay pen t learn smething new.”可知，此段重点讲述当没有情绪投入时成长会停止，在坏情绪时要提醒自己这只是坏情绪，并非有更大问题，要保持开放心态学习新事物。选项F“你的感受并不代表事情的真实情况”符合语境。故选F。
18.【解析】
根据“Befre yur next cnversatin, remind yurself t be interested in what the ther persn has t say, nt fcus n (关注) what yu culd say next.”可知，此段强调在下次对话前，要提醒自己对对方的话感兴趣，而不是关注自己接下来要说什么。选项E“要感兴趣，而不是让自己有趣”符合语境。故选E。
19.【解析】
根据“When we’re arguing fr ur pint f view, we’re listening the least. We fcus n trying t find faults in the ther’s argument rather than keeping an pen mind and trying t learn smething frm the ther’s perspective.”可知，此段指出当我们为自己的观点争论时，很少倾听，专注于找对方论点的错误，而不是保持开放心态从对方角度学习。选项D“倾听是为了理解，而不是为了说服”符合语境。故选D。
20.【解析】
根据“Befre yu start wrk n Mndays, ask yurself three ‘What’ questins: ‘What d I need t learn this week t advance my gals? What d I want t learn t advance my cause? What am I interested t learn t feed my curisity? In ne minute, yu’ve priritized yur learning gals fr the week.”可知，此段主要讲述在周一开始工作前，问自己三个“什么”问题，在一分钟内确定本周的学习目标优先级。选项B“以三个‘什么’开启你的一周”符合语境。故选B。
二、语言知识运用(共4节，合计27小题，计33分)
第一节：完形填空(共6小题，每小题1分)。
阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The salmn (大麻哈鱼) is a very strange fish. It is brn in a river. But the yung salmn takes 2 years t swim dwn the rivers twards the Pacific Ocean. Fr ___21___ 2 years it lives in the sea and becmes full-grwn. Then it returns t the river where it was brn.
The female salmn will nt lay the eggs in the Pacific Ocean. When it is almst time t lay them, bth male and female salmn begin a great ___22___. Each salmn is heading fr the river where it was brn. A salmn may be a thusand miles frm ___23___ its life began, yet it is able t return t that place.
As the salmn swim, larger fish attack them. The salmn are fd fr sme ther fish. Sme ___24___ by fishermen. The salmn that are left keep swimming.
If rcks and waterfalls are in their way, the salmn leap (跳) ver them. A salmn can leap up a fall as high as ten feet. It leaps by swimming at full speed underwater, then ___25___ t the surface. Almst the whle bdy f a salmn is made f muscle (肌肉). It is these ___26___ muscles that make the salmn fit fr fast swimming, turning quickly, and leaping high ut f the water.
B.antherC.the ther
B.effrtC.jurney
B.whichC.when
caughtB.are bughtC.are taken
B.risingC.pulling
B.valuableC.pwerful
【答案】21.B 22.C 23.A 24.A 25.B 26.C
【语篇解读】本文介绍大麻哈鱼的生活习性，包括洄游过程、天敌及强健肌肉赋予的运动能力。
21.【解析】
句意：接下来的另外2年它生活在海里并长成成年鱼
ther其他的；anther另一个 (三者或三者以上中的另一个)；the ther另一个 (两者中的另一个)。根据上文“the yung salmn takes 2 years t swim dwn the rivers twards the Pacific Ocean.”以及“ years it lives in the sea”可知，这里说的是接下来的另外2年，“anther + 数词 + 名词”表示“另外的……”。故选B。
22.【解析】
句意：当差不多到产卵时间时，雄性和雌性大麻哈鱼都开始一段伟大的旅程。
ceremny仪式；effrt努力；jurney旅程。根据下文“Each salmn is heading fr the river where it was brn.”可知，这里说的是开始一段旅程。故选C。
23.【解析】
句意：一条大麻哈鱼可能离它生命开始的地方有一千英里远，但它仍能回到那个地方。
where哪里；which哪一个；when什么时候。根据语境可知，“its life began”(它生命开始) 是修饰先行词“the place”(那个地方) 的定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用where引导。故选A。
24.【解析】
句意：一些被渔民捕获。
are caught被捕获；are bught被买；are taken被带走。根据上文“The salmn are fd fr sme ther fish.”以及语境可知，这里说的是一些大麻哈鱼的困境，指被渔民捕获。故选A。
25.【解析】
句意：它通过在水下全速游泳，然后上升到水面来跳跃。
supprting支持；rising上升；pulling拉。根据上文“It leaps by swimming at full speed underwater”以及“t the surface”可知，这里说的是上升到水面。故选B。
26.【解析】
句意：正是这些强壮的肌肉使大麻哈鱼适合快速游泳、快速转弯和从水中高高跃起。
smth光滑的；valuable有价值的；pwerful强壮的。根据上文“Almst the whle bdy f a salmn is made f muscle.”以及语境可知，此处是指强壮的肌肉。故选C。
第二节：选词填空(共7小题;每小题1分)。
根据短文内容，选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项限用一次， 有一项为多余选项。请将答案序号写在指定位置上。
US cmpany SpaceX successfully cmpleted its fifth test flight f Starship n Oct 13, 2024. This helped SpaceX get clser t making ___27___ rckets.
The 122-meter-tall Starship has tw parts: the Starship spacecraft (太空飞船) and the Super Heavy rcket. The rcket’s 33 engines (引擎) gave a strng push. Abut seven minutes after launch, the tw parts ___28___ at arund 70 kilmeters abve Earth. Then, the rcket’s bster (助推器) made itself “stand up” in the air and started t fall slwly. ___29___, tw big mechanical arms (机械臂) frm the launch twer, like “chpsticks”, “caught” the bster.
Starship is made t send astrnauts t the mn, Mars and beynd. SpaceX engineers have been wrking n it and testing it fr many years. They made sure bth the bster and the twer met ___30___. If standards has nt been met, the bster wuld have been directed t drp in the Gulf f Mexic.
SpaceX has been grwing quickly since it started in 2002. This is partly thanks t its “fail fast, learn fast” wrking style. ___31___, Starship’s first three test flights failed because f prblems like explsins (爆炸) r lsing cntact. ___32___, these failures helped engineers get data and make prgress. This is different frm the traditinal way rganizatins, like NASA perate. They spend a lt f time planning fr pssible prblems befre a launch.
SpaceX already plans t d a ___33___ fight, which will likely happen sn.
【答案】27.C 28.F 29.H 30.A 31.E 32.D 33.G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了SpaceX公司成功完成其星舰火箭第五次测试飞行的情况，并说明了其实现火箭可回收的关键技术、设计目的以及“快速失败、快速学习”的创新工作模式。
27.【解析】
句意：这有助于太空探索技术公司接近制造可重复使用的火箭。分析句子“This helped SpaceX get clser t making…rckets.”，结合语境和备选词可知，此处应填入reusable，形容词，作定语，修饰名词rckets，意为“可重复使用的”，表达这有助于太空探索技术公司接近制造可重复使用的火箭。故填C。
28.【解析】
句意：发射后大约7分钟，两部分在地球上空大约70公里处分离。根据后文“Then, the rcket’s bster (助推器) made itself ‘stand up’ in the air and started t fall slwly.”，结合常识和备选词可知，下文提到助推器开始下落，此处应指飞船与火箭分离，填入separated，作谓语。故填F。
29.【解析】
句意：在那一刻，两只巨大的机械臂从发射塔架上伸出，像“筷子”一样，“抓住”了助推器。根据前一句“Then, the rcket’s bster (助推器) made itself ‘stand up’ in the air and started t fall slwly.”和“..., tw big mechanical arms (机械臂) frm the launch twer, like ‘chpsticks’, ‘caught’ the bster.”可知，前句描述助推器开始下落，后句说机械臂“抓住”了它。这里需要一个词来引出“抓住”这个动作发生的时刻或条件。At that pint，介词短语，意为“在那一刻”符合语境。故填H。
30.【解析】
句意：他们确保助推器和发射塔都符合数千项标准。根据后一句“If standards has nt been met, the bster wuld have been directed t drp in the Gulf f Mexic.”，结合备选词可知，助推器会被引导坠入墨西哥湾”的假设，这里应指严格的标准或规范，填入thusands f standards，意为“数千项标准”符合语境。故填A。
31.【解析】
句意：例如，Starship的前三次试飞都因为类似爆炸的问题而失败(爆炸)或者失联。根据前一句“This is partly thanks t its ‘fail fast, learn fast’ wrking style.”和“…Starship’s first three test flights failed because f prblems like explsins (爆炸) r lsing cntact.”可知，前句提到“快速失败、快速学习”的工作风格，空格后具体举例说明星舰的前三次测试因各种问题失败，这里需要引出例子的连接词，结合备选词，fr example，介词短语，意为“例如”符合语境，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填E。
32.【解析】
句意：然而，这些失败帮助工程师获得数据并取得进展。根据前一句“Starship’s first three test flights failed because f prblems like explsins (爆炸) r lsing cntact.”和“…, these failures helped engineers get data and make prgress.”可知，前句说前三次测试失败了，空格后说这些失败帮助工程师获取数据并取得进步。前后是转折关系，失败却带来了积极结果，结合备选词，hwever，连词，位于句首，首字母要大写，表转折关系，意为“然而”符合语境。故填D。
33.【解析】
句意：太空探索技术公司已经计划做第六次战斗，这可能很快就会发生。根据前文“US cmpany SpaceX successfully cmpleted its fifth test flight f Starship n Oct 13, 2024.”，结合备选词可知，文章开头提到刚完成第五次，所以接下来应该是第六次，所以此处应填入sixth，意为“第六次”，表达太空探索技术公司已经计划做第六次战斗，这可能很快就会发生。故填G。
第三节：语法填空(共8小题，每小题1分)。
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号中所给词的正确形式。
In January, a new law which is called the Plastic Pllutin Reductin Act ___34___ (pass) in Clrad, US. This law stps the use f styrfam cntainers (聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料容器) and single-use plastic bags. Madhvi Chittr, a Grade 8 student, wrked n this fr seven years.
When Chittr was five years ld, she watched the ec-dcumentary Midway: A Plastic Island. It ___35___ (shw) a far-away Pacific island filled with trash washed up frm arund the wrld. After she saw the ___36___ (island) seabirds and fish eating plastic, she knew smething needed t change.
“I cried the night,” Chittr, nw 13, said t PEOPLE, “and tld my mm, ‘I ___37___ (real) want t d smething abut this’.”
Since then, she ___38___ (try) her best t shw peple the best sides f plastic pllutin and t push plicymakers (决策人) t create laws that stp the use f plastic.
She published a children’s bk called Is Plastic My Fd? and has even met sme famus peple.
“I spke with s many ___39___ (busy) wners and nearly 30 mayrs all ver Clrad, even in faraway areas,” said Chittr. “And they all supprted it. I was excited and happy when it passed.”
Nw she ___40___ (help) lawmakers stp the use f “frever chemicals” in things like nn-stick pans and fake grass. She will cntinue n the lng rad t fight ___41___ plastic pllutin.
【答案】34.was passed 35.shws 36.island’s 37.really 38.has tried 39.business 40.is helping 41.against
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了美国科罗拉多州八年级学生Madhvi Chittr为减少塑料污染而努力推动立法，并取得成果的故事。
34.【解析】
句意：1月，美国科罗拉多州通过了一项名为《塑料污染减少法案》的新法律。主语“a new law”与动词“pass”是被动关系，且时间“In January”为过去，需用一般过去时的被动语态，用was passed。故填was passed。
35.【解析】
句意：它展示了一个遥远的太平洋岛屿，岛上堆满了来自世界各地的垃圾。主语“It”指代前文的纪录片，此处指记录片的内容，用一般现在时，主语为“It”，用shws。故填shws。
36.【解析】
句意：在她看到岛上的海鸟和鱼吃塑料后，她知道需要改变一些事情。空后“seabirds and fish”是名词短语，需用所有格形式表示所属关系，用island’s。故填island’s。
37.【解析】
句意：我真的很想为此做点什么。空后“want”为动词，需用副词修饰，real的副词形式为really。故填really。
38.【解析】
句意：从那以后，她一直竭尽全力向人们揭露塑料污染的危害，并推动决策人制定禁止使用塑料的相关法律。根据“Since then”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语为“she”，用has tried。故填has tried。
39.【解析】
句意：我和科罗拉多州各地的众多企业主以及近30位市长谈过，甚至包括偏远地区的（企业主和市长）。原文空格后“wners”，根据语境可知，此处指企业主，business wners“企业主”。故填business。
40.【解析】
句意：现在，她正在帮助立法者禁止在不粘锅、人造草皮等物品中使用“永久性化学物质”。根据“Nw”可知，此处指正在进行的动作，时态为现在进行时，主语为“she”，用is helping。故填is helping。
41.【解析】
句意：她将继续在对抗塑料污染的漫长道路上前行。fight against为固定搭配，意为“对抗”。故填against。
第四节：完成句子(共6小题，每小题2分)
根据所给汉语句子完成英语句子，词数不限。
42.Bert希望有一天他的绘画作品会在美术馆展出。
________________________________
【答案】Bert hpes ne day his art wrks will be shwn in the gallery.
【解析】根据汉语意思可知，本句是一个宾语从句。主句时态为一般现在时，从句描述将来发生的事情，用一般将来时。主句中，“Bert希望”英文为“Bert hpes”。从句中，“有一天”英文为“ne day”；“他的绘画作品”英文为“his art wrks”，作从句主语；“会……展出”应用被动语态，表示“作品是被展出的”，且为将来时，故用“will be shwn”；“在美术馆”英文为“in the gallery”。故填Bert hpes ne day his art wrks will be shwn in the gallery.
43.从9月份起这个学校就食物做了多次调查。
________________________________
【答案】The schl has dne many/plenty f surveys n its fd since September.
【解析】分析原句可知，该句是简单句，结构为：主谓宾，时态为现在完成时，“从9月份起”翻译为since September，放于句末，作时间状语；“这个学校”翻译为the schl，位于句首，作主语，首字母要大写；“就学校的食物”翻译为n its fd，此处用its来指代schl’s；“做了多次调查”翻译为has dne many/plenty f surveys，其中has dne作谓语，many surveys或者plenty f surveys作宾语。故填The schl has dne many/plenty f surveys n its fd since September.
44.曾经她以为她女儿太小不会坚持她的选择。
________________________________
【答案】She used t think her daughter was t yung t stick t her chice.
【解析】根据汉语意思可知，本句描述过去的想法，时态用一般过去时。“曾经”英文表达为“used t”，常与动词原形搭配构成“used t d sth.”结构，表示“过去常常做某事”，所以“她曾经以为”翻译为“She used t think”；“她女儿”翻译为“her daughter”，作“think”的宾语从句中的主语；“太小”翻译为“t yung” ，“”是固定结构，表示“太……而不能……”；“坚持”翻译为“stick t”，动词短语；“她的选择”翻译为“her chice”，作“stick t”的宾语。故填She used t think her daughter was t yung t stick t her chice.
45.毫无疑问，登得越高，你就看得越远。
________________________________
【答案】Withut dubt, the higher yu climb, the further yu’ll see.
【解析】“毫无疑问”withut dubt；“登得越高”the higher yu climb，其中“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……，越……”；“看得越远”the further yu’ll see，further是far的比较级形式；本句结合语境用“Withut dubt”置于句首表示“毫无疑问”，后接“the+比较级，the+比较级”的句型结构。故填Withut dubt, the higher yu climb, the further yu’ll see.
46.那位总统总说他要斗争到最后一刻。
________________________________
【答案】The president always says he will fight till the end.
【解析】句子是宾语从句结构，引导词that可省略。主句“那位总统总说”用一般现在时，从句“要斗争到最后一刻”用一般将来时。“总统”表达为“president”；“总说”是一般现在时，表达为“always says”；“斗争”译为“fight”；“要斗争到最后一刻”是将来动作，用“will fight till the end”。 故译为The president always says he will fight till the end.
47.吸烟不仅对健康有害，还会造成空气污染。
________________________________
【答案】Smking is nt nly harmful t yur health, but als can cause air pllutin.
【解析】nt als...“不仅……还……”；smking“吸烟”，is harmful t yur health“对健康有害”；can“能，会”，情态动词，后接动词原形；cause air pllutin“造成空气污染”。故填Smking is nt nly harmful t yur health, but als can cause air pllutin.
三、书面表达(共2节，合计7小题，计27分)
第一节：阅读表达(共6小题，每小题2分)。
E
阅读短文，简要回答问题。1-5小题，每小题答案不超过8个词，6小题答案不少于30词。
48.What kinds f swrds are mentined in the passage?
_____________________________
49.Hw des the fencer scre pints in the buts?
_____________________________
50.Jim is a fencer.What can help him t beat his ppnent in the buts?
_____________________________
51.What des Paragraph Tw mainly tell us?
_____________________________
52.Suppse yu take part in the fil but, hw lng des it take yu t finish the game?
_____________________________
53.If yu want t learn fencing, which ne will yu chse t learn? And why?
_____________________________
【答案】48.Fils, épées and sabers.
49.By tuching the ppnent with the swrd.
50.Strategy, quick thinking and quick mvement.
51.The swrdplay’s rules and ways t scre pints.
52.11 minutes.
53.I will chse fil. Because fil fcuses n tuching the trs, which requires precise cntrl and strategic thinking, helping me imprve my cncentratin and tactical skills. It’s als a gd start fr beginners t learn basic fencing techniques.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍击剑运动的类型（花剑、重剑、佩剑）、得分方式及不同剑种的规则与比赛时长。
48.【解析】
根据文章第1段“They use ne f three kinds f swrds, called fils, épées r sabers.”可知，提到的剑种是花剑、重剑、佩剑。故填Fils, épées and sabers.
49.【解析】
根据文章第1段“Their gal is t scre pints by tuching their ppnent with their swrd.”可知，得分方式是用剑触碰对手。故填By tuching the ppnent with the swrd.
50.【解析】
根据文章第1段“Tuching an ppnent requires strategy, quick thinking and quick mvement.”可知，这些能力能帮助击败对手。故填Strategy, quick thinking and quick mvement.
51.【解析】
根据文章第2段“Each kind f swrdplay has its wn rules and ways t scre pints.”可知，第二段主要讲击剑的规则和得分方式。故填The swrdplay’s rules and ways t scre pints.
52.【解析】
根据文章第2段“Fil and épée buts... cnsist f three, three-minute perids with a ne-minute break in between.”可知，3×3（回合时长） + 2×1（两次休息时长）= 11分钟。故填11 minutes.
53.【解析】
本题为开放性问题，答案不唯一，结合文章内容与自身喜好作答即可，字数不得少于30词。例如花剑专注于触碰躯干，需要精准控制和策略思维，能提升专注力与战术技巧，适合初学者学习基础击剑技术。故填I will chse fil. Because fil fcuses n tuching the trs, which requires precise cntrl and strategic thinking, helping me imprve my cncentratin and tactical skills. It’s als a gd start fr beginners t learn basic fencing techniques.
第二节：写作(共1小题，计15分)。
54.在你的成长历程中，有许多帮助过或影响过你的人，你最想感恩谁？请你以“The Persn I Want t Express My Thanks In my life”为题，写一篇英文短文，向学校英语广播站投稿。
要求：1.内容包含这个人的性格、对你影响最深的一件事情以及你想怎样感谢她/他；2.语句要规范、通顺；3.词数不少于100词，已给词不计入总词数。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
The Persn I Want t Express My Thanks In My life
The persn I want t thank mst is my head teacher, Ms. Li. She’s warm-hearted and always patient with us.
Last mnth, I lst my cnfidence after failing the English test. When I sat alne in the classrm crying, she came ver. She listened t my wrries and helped me find ut why I did badly. She als spent her free time teaching me reading skills. Sn, my English grades imprved.
T thank her, I’ll make a handmade card fr her and keep wrking hard. Ms. Li’s care has changed hw I face difficulties. I’ll never frget her kindness, and I hpe I can pass n this warmth t thers t.
One f the mst well knwn examples f bimimicry is the inventin f Velcr. An engineer nticed hw burrs, a spiky seed, stuck t his clthes and his dg’s hair after a walk ne day. He gt ut a micrscpe t lk mre clsely at hw this was pssible. He saw that the burrs had thusands f tiny hks (钩子) attached t the clthes. This inspired him t create velcr, which used the same clever design.
Let’s lk at a bird called the kingfisher. When hunting fr fish, it dives beak first at high speeds int the water. It barely makes a splash. Inspired by this, an engineer redesigned the frnt f the famus Japanese bullet train int the same shape as the kingfisher’s beak. The train is nw mre streamlined, quieter, and travels faster than befre.
Anther example is the blade f a wind turbine (涡轮机). Scientists tk inspiratin frm the shape f a bird’s wing. Nw they’re lking at whale fins and maple seeds t imprve the design. They want the blades t be able t mve easily thrugh the air, even when there is less wind. A whale fin desn’t have smth edges, but rather small bumps (凸起) alng the side called tubercles. This design makes it easier fr the fin t cut thrugh water. Adapting these features t the blade f the wind turbine culd make fr mre efficient energy generatin.
A. thusands f standards；B. tgether；C. reusable； D. Hwever；
E. Fr example； F. separated；G. sixth；H. At that pint
Step int the thrilling wrld f fencing (击剑), where skill and intelligence meet in the dance f blades. Tw fencers face ff against each ther. They use ne f three kinds f swrds, called fils, épées r sabers. Their gal is t scre pints by tuching their ppnent with their swrd. This sunds simple, but it’s nt. Tuching an ppnent requires strategy, quick thinking and quick mvement.
Each kind f swrdplay has its wn rules and ways t scre pints. Fencing with a fil is abut getting pint by tuching the trs (躯干). In épées fencers can scre a tuch anywhere n the bdy. Saber requires the swrd’s edge r tip t tuch the bdy t scre pints. Tw f the styles are the same; ne is different. Fil and épée buts, r games cnsist f (由……组成) three, three-minute perids with a ne-minute break in between. But saber buts cnsist f tw perids. The first perid lasts fr eight tuches, r pints. The secnd perid ends when ne fencer scres 15 pints.