专题05 七选五--半截句类（知识清单）（含答案）2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用）

这是一份专题05 七选五--半截句类（知识清单）（含答案）2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国通用），文件包含专题05七选五--半截句类知识清单原卷版2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单全国通用docx、专题05七选五--半截句类知识清单解析版2026年高考英语一轮复习知识清单全国通用docx等2份学案配套教学资源，其中学案共52页， 欢迎下载使用。

01七选五五年高考考情统计
◆代表有标题句 ●代表有半截句
02七选五五年高考考情解读
1.题型概述
阅读七选五主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和把握。考试形式是在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。其中有两项是多余干扰项。
2.选材特点
选文以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。话题与当代社会生活紧密相关、人文气息浓厚，引导学生关爱自我、关爱社会、热爱生活。
3.命题特点
从最近五年高考真题来看，七选五考查以段中句为主，兼顾段首句（含标题句）和段尾句；从体裁来看，主要是说明文为主，兼顾记叙文；从话题来看，人与社会类占主流，人与自我和人与自然相对较少。全国卷偶尔出现半截句。
4.解题口诀
通览全文看文体，结构位置小标题；
再看选项定功能，标题位置加逻辑；
代词同派近反义，上下匹配关键词；
段句之间找逻辑，条并转递因释例。
03七选五半截句考点分类
04阅读理解七选五解题步骤
第一步：先做段首、段尾题，缩小排查范围因段首、段尾题要么是主题句(总结句)要么就是承上启下句，具有鲜明的语言特征题目简单。先将这类题目选项定位，既可缩小思考范围，又可使原文信息更加明了。
第二步：剩余选项细排查，利用句间关系来判定随着将段首、段尾题判定复位后，原文信息会更加明了，再次通读原文，理清剩余段中题的句间关系，将剩余选项对应复位。
第三步：代入选项通读原文，句通意畅来验证将所选答案代入文中，重点检查逻辑关系，看有无不合行文逻辑的现象。
05七选五满分突破思维导图
01复合句残缺主句或从句
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：浏览文章，快速找到半截句，标志为标点符号-逗号；
第二步：浏览选项，从空格后前后内容判断缺少主句或从句；
第三步：从行文逻辑和词语复现出发验证选项确定最佳答案。
02复合句残缺跟踪训练
跟踪训练1 (2021全国乙卷第36题) 有从句缺主句
Accrding t Jessica Hagy, authr f Hw t Be Interesting, it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party.
_ 36 , if yu’re ut f yur cmfrt zne r if yu’re wandering int smebdy’s huse fr the first time. S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers.
A. Hw d yu knw the hst
B. The first step is t g explring
C. If yu ask the questin “Hw did yu get here?”
D. Be prepared t have awkward cnversatins with strangers
E. Or turn the cnversatin int a tpic where they have little t say
F. What abut that persn wh had t much t drink r wn’t stp talking
G. He r she is the persn wh is feeling the weight f that awkwardness the mst
【解析】
第一步：观察设空句子的特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。
第二步：关注文章结构和下一句。根据上文“it’s nt difficult t make yurself interesting at a dinner party (在晚宴上让自己变得有趣并不难)”可知，下文应主要讲述如何在晚宴上让自己变得有趣。下文“S the main thing is just t shw up and be adventurus, trying different fds and talking t strangers. (所以最主要的事情就是去尝试，去冒险，尝试不同的食物，和陌生人交谈)”可推知，本段主要说明想在晚宴上让自己变得有趣，就要勇于冒险，勇于探索。由此可知，B项“The first step is t g explring(第一步是去探索)”承上启下，符合题意。这里需要“形意兼顾”，既要考虑前边主句完整还要考虑逻辑一致。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
跟踪训练2 (2018全国I月卷第36题) 有主句缺从句
Clr is fundamental in hme design — smething yu’ll always have in every rm. A grasp f hw t manage clr in yur spaces is ne f the first steps t creating rms yu’ll lve t live in. D yu want a rm that’s full f life? Prfessinal? Or are yu just lking fr a place t relax after a lng day? _ 36 , clr is the key t making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel.
A. While all f them are useful
B. Whatever yu’re lking fr
C. If yu’re experimenting with a clr
D. Small clr chices are the nes we’re mst familiar with
E. It’s nt really a gd idea t use t many small clr pieces
F. S it pays t be sure, because yu want t get it right the first time
G. Clr chices in this range are a step up frm the small nes in tw majr ways
【解析】
第一步：观察设空句子特点。36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，这是“从句+主句”类型，缺少从句，只能在A、B、C中选择。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。上文给出了不同的房间风格选择，第一段最后一句又说到"making a rm feel the way yu want it t feel"可知,此处指不管你在寻找哪种风格，颜色是关键。根据前文的三个问句可知，此处是从中选择一种。故选B（不管你寻找哪一种）。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
跟踪训练3 (2017全国II月卷第36题) 有主句缺从句
Interruptins are ne f the wrst things t deal with while yu’re trying t get wrk dne. 36 , there are several ways t handle things. Let’s take a lk at them nw.
A. If yu’re busy, dn’t feel bad abut saying n
B. When yu want t avid interruptins at wrk
C. Set bundaries fr yurself as yur time ges
D. If yu’re in the ther persn’s ffice r in a public area
E. It’s imprtant that yu let them knw when yu’ll be available
F. It might seem unkind t cut peple shrt when they interrupt yu
G. Leave it pen when yu’re available t talk and clse it when yu’re nt
【解析】
第一步：观察设空句子特点。36题以逗号结尾，后面另起一个简单句，这应该是“从句+主句”类型，有主句缺从句。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。这是 “从句+主句”类型。根据上文的"Interruptins are ne f the wrst things t deal with"以及下文的"there are several ways t handle things"可知，工作时被打断是要处理的最糟糕的事情之一，有几个处理事情的办法。空处承上启下。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
03 并列句残缺一个分句
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。并列句残缺不全是七选五一个考点，要留意Nt nly…but als…, neither…nr…等句型以及and, but等并列句。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：浏览文章，快速找到半截句，标志为标点符号-逗号；
第二步：浏览选项，从空格后前后内容判断缺少从句或分句；
第三步：从行文逻辑和句型搭配出发验证选项确定最佳答案。
04并列句残缺一个分句缺跟踪训练
跟踪训练1 (2023全国乙卷第36题)
Indr plants might lk as if they just sit arund nt ding much, but in many ways they are the unsung heres f the hme. 36 , but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry. What’s mre, indr plants are easy t lk after and are nt very expensive.
【解析】
第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。
第二步：关注文章结构和上一句。根据下文“but studies have shwn that they can prmte peple’s wellbeing by imprving their md (心情), reducing stress and helping their memry.(而且研究表明，它们可以通过改善情绪、减轻压力和帮助增强记忆力来促进人们的健康)”可知，此处与下文是递进关系，构成nt nly…but“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B. Nt nly d they lk beautiful(它们不仅看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。这里需要“形意兼顾”，既要考虑搭配完整还要考虑逻辑一致。此处与下文是递进关系，构成nt nly…but…表示“不仅……而且……”结构。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
跟踪训练2 (2022全国乙卷第40题)
·Dn’t rely n technlgy alne
_ 40 , but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain. Try t seek ut chances t renew friendships. Hw t d it? Just spend face-t-face time tgether whenever pssible.
A. Remember imprtant dates
B. Cmpensate by writing letters
C. It is als helpful fr yu t be a friendship keeper
D. Try t find a time that wrks fr bth f yu and stick t it
E. Friends need t talk abut their preferred methds f cmmunicatin
F. It is easy t have a sense f cnnectedness thrugh scial media
G. Yu may be the friend wh left r the ne wh was left behind
【解析】
第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的but非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺前一分句的并列句。
第二步：关注段落标题和后半句。设空处所在句子的后半句“but lng-distance friendships — even clse nes — may require mre cnscius effrt t sustain.”（但是异地友谊——甚至是关系亲密的友谊——可能需要更加自觉地去维系。）讲的是我们要更加自觉地维系异地友谊，其中“but”说明后半句与设空处形成转折，而F项“朋友之间很容易通过社交媒体产生一种联结感”讲的是可以通过社交媒体这种方式很容易与朋友产生联结，与后半句“require mre cnscius effrt t sustain”形成转折，而且其中的“scial media”呼应了该段的小标题“Dn’t rely n technlgy alne”（不要仅仅依赖技术）中的“technlgy”。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
01简单句残缺成分
1.题型概述
从最近五年高考考情统计表，阅读理解七选五半截句不是每年必考题，但又是经常遇到一个题型，需要考生掌握技巧，做到百发百中。简单句残缺不全是七选五一个考点，抓住逗号，结合选项瞻前顾后。缩小范围作答。
2.思维导图
3.解题思路
第一步：利用段落小标题概括引领作用，对本段主旨做到心中有数；
第二步：研读空格前一句，浏览剩余选项，确定空格所填内容方向；
第三步：从词语复现、代词一致和逻辑一致角度浏览选项确定答案。
02简单句残缺成分跟踪训练
跟踪训练1(2022全国甲卷第38题)
Hands r Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. 38 , instead preferring t use their hands. In Chile, yu may never tuch any fd with yur fingers. Peple in Thailand generally use their frks nly t push fd nt their spns.
A. The mre friends yu make in yur lifetime
B. The mre time yu spend in any given cuntry
C. Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils
D. Dn’t get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant
E. It’s a gd sign fr the chef if yu make a mess arund yur plate
F. Never stick them upright in yur fd r crss them as yu use them
G. It may seem like a simple request t ask fr salt and pepper at a meal
【解析】
第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的非谓语短语非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺的简单句。
第二步：关注段落标题和后半句。根据本段小标题“Hands r Utensils (餐具)”可知，本段主要讲述的是手和餐具的问题。根据上文“In India and the Middle East, it’s cnsidered very rude t eat with yur left hand. Peple in France expect yu t eat with a utensil in each hand. (在印度和中东，用左手吃饭被认为是非常不礼貌的。法国人希望你每只手拿一个餐具吃饭)”及下文“instead preferring t use their hands (相反更愿意使用他们的双手)”可知，此处在讲述不同国家就餐时习惯使用哪只手的问题。由此可知，C项“Mexicans cnsider it inapprpriate t eat with utensils (墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)”符合语境，与下文形成转折关系。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
跟踪训练2 (2015全国II卷第38题) 简单句缺少状语
During the first week, d nt think abut distance, but run five minutes lnger each day. 38 , it is wise t take a day ff t rest. But during the next week, set a gal f at least a mile and a half per run. 39. (D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile.) After tw weeks, start timing yurself. 40. (G. Nw yu are ready t figure ut a gal f imprving distance and time.) Depending n the kind f race yu plan t enter, yu can set up a timetable fr the remaining weeks befre the race.
A. After six days
B. Fr a gd marathn runner
C. Befre yu begin yur training
D. With each day, increase the distance by a half mile
E. If they still feel gd, yu can begin running in them
F. Time spent fr preparatin raises the quality f training
G. Nw yu are ready t figure ut a gal f imprving distance and time
【解析】
第一步：观察设空句子特点。该空空格后边有个逗号，后边的简单句非常醒目，表明这是一个残缺的简单句。
第二步：关注段落标题和后半句。根据上文中的"During the first week"及下文中的"take a day ff t rest"可推知,此处指六天后休息一天。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
03利用代词指代解题
1.命题特点
在高考阅读理解七选五中。空前空后或者选项中经常出现代词，成为解题密码。实践证明，只要考生学会利用代词指代就像找到一把钥匙，找准单数名词和复数名词，快速准确解决一类试题。
2.思维导图
2.解题思路
第一步：重点阅读空前空后两句，在选项中搜索关键词。
第二步：正确选项中关键词一般重复前一句中的关键词。
第三步：掌握名词单复数形式同时防止不被复现词误导。
04利用代词替代跟踪训练
跟踪训练1（2024新课标I卷第38题）代词指代
I keep tw reference bks clse-by n my desk: dictinary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I dn’t trust my laptp’s spellchecker. 37 Of curse, these days there are plenty f nline dictinaries and thesauruses, but I’m ld-fashined enugh t prefer a hard cver and pages I can leaf thrugh with my fingers. I use the Cncise Oxfrd Dictinary and the Cllins Thesaurus.
A. I dn’t ften use this dictinary.
B. It takes n accunt f the cntext.
C. But I still dn’t want t replace them.
D. But a dictinary can be a pleasure t read.
E. Of curse, a dictinary is nt nly fr spelling.
F. That means gd grammar and n spelling mistakes.
G. Dictinaries dn’t always give yu enugh infrmatin.
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空明显位于段首，空格后面的代词It应该引起特别注意。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找代词及对应的单复数名词。选出答案的解题主要线索是“代词代指”。考生搞懂B选项It takes n accunt f the cntext（它不考虑上下文）中的它（it） 具体代指是选出正确答案的前提。此处，it 代指laptp's spellchecker。两句结合后的意思“我不相信我笔记本电脑上的拼写检查器。因为它（拼写检查器）不考虑上下文。”
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是B。
跟踪训练2（2023新课标I卷第39题）代词指代
Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list. 39 That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh. In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.
A. A little self-frgiveness als ges a lng way.
B. Nw list all the characteristics yu like abut yurself.
C. They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.
D. It’s just as imprtant t shw yurself sme frgiveness.
E. It desn’t mean yu have t ignre what’s happened r frget it.
F. Whatever it is, n matter hw small it might seem, write it dwn.
G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect f yur persnality.
【解析】
第一步：观察设空位置特点。该空属于段中句类型。
第二步：寻找关键信息。在段落中寻找代词线索或单复数名词等关键词。根据空后内容“That way, yu culd exchange thughts n what makes each f yu special and the aspects f yur persnality that shine thrugh.(这样，你们就可以交换意见，谈谈是什么让你们每个人都与众不同，以及你们个性中闪光的方面。)”可知，空处提到了某种方式，这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见等。选项C“They might even like t have a g at ding the exercise.(他们甚至可能想试一试做练习。)”符合语境，C项中的“they”与空前的“Yu culd ask a friend r family member t help add t yur list.(你可以让朋友或家人帮你增加你的列表内容。)”中的“a friend r family member”保持一致，同时选项C和下文“In fact, dn’t wait until yu’ve made a mistake t try this—it’s a great way t bst self-cnfidence at any time.(事实上，不要等到你犯了错误才去尝试这个——这是一个在任何时候都能增强自信的好方法。)”中的“this”一致。
第三步：锁定最佳答案。本题最佳答案是C。
01 阅读七选五半截句答题误区
1.忽略句式结构完整性
七选五半截句有三种情况：复合句缺少主句或从句；并列句缺少一个分句；简单句缺少非谓语或者介词短语作状语。忽视句子完整性往往会导致判断错误。
2.过度依赖词汇复现
考生往往看到选项中出现与原文相同的词汇就直接选择，而忽视了句子间的逻辑关系。如2021年新高考I卷中的一道题，上一段讲述巴黎的食物非常美味，人们吃一点就很满足，空后讲作者和丈夫发现巴黎的食物很贵，暗含上一段所述情况不是法国人吃得少的唯一原因，考生若只看原词复现“the fd”，就可能误选。
3.不能够瞻前顾后
在解答段中句题目时，考生多数只看前句，不看后句，没有关注选项中的人称代词与空格后面的人称代词是否一致，也没有注意前后是否存在例证关系、因果关系、转折关系、递进关系等。例如，选项中的代词 they 在上下文中没有明确的指代对象，或者与后文的逻辑关系不相符。
4.曲解设空处后文意思
考生没有准确理解设空处后文的含义，从而导致选择了与文意不符的选项。这可能是因为考生的词汇量不足，或者对句子的语法结构分析错误。如某段中设空处后文提到“通过终身学习，个人可以提高他们的认知能力，拓宽他们的视野，培养一种成长的心态”，而考生没有理解这句话的意思，选择了一个与终身学习无关的选项。
02 阅读七选五半截句误区应对
1.快速浏览全文，关注各段落标题
若存在标题，仔细分析其句式结构，是名词词组、动名词还是祈使句。日常练习时，收集不同类型的七选五真题中段落标题的句式，进行对比分析，培养对句式结构的敏感度。
2.不能因看到相同词汇就盲目选择
做完题后，对于因词汇复现误选的题目，要详细分析错误原因，对比正确选项与干扰项在逻辑上的差异。例如，分析一个因词汇复现误选的干扰项，其虽然有原词，但与上下文逻辑不符，而正确选项虽无原词，但通过逻辑词hwever 等合理衔接了前后文。
3.瞻前顾后，养成良好的阅读习惯
解答段中句题目时，用铅笔将前后句的关键信息，如关键词、逻辑词、人称代词等标注出来。做完题后，将所选选项代入原文，按照文章顺序通读一遍，检查句子之间的衔接是否自然流畅，逻辑是否合理。
4.提高句子结构分析能力的训练
提高词汇量，每天背诵一定数量的单词，并通过阅读英文文章加深对单词的理解和记忆。遇到长难句，学会用括号法化繁为简进行分析。
03 阅读七选五半截句满分策略
2.浏览全文，留意空格前后是否有逗号等标志。
3.注意平行结构和前后句逻辑关系缩小选择圈。
4.必要时代入选项通读复查逻辑线索是否一致。
七选五半截句综合能力提升
真题专区：研读高考真题，洞悉高考命题规律，探寻满分做题技巧和应试思维
01（2025八省联考卷）
Jin the Friends and find the place that’s right fr yu
●Wh are the Friends f the University Art Museum?
Friends are ur neighbrs frm the lcal cmmunities and beynd. They are families, students, schlars, and alumni (校友). 36 . Friends are united by a shared lve fr the arts and fr the university, and by a desire t be part f a cultural cmmunity. Friends are interested and active in the life f the Art Museum. Friends are art lvers-just like yu.
● 37 ?
As a Friend, yur membership prvides essential annual supprt t help sustain the cntinued excellence and diversity f the Museum’s educatinal prgrams. By jining the Friends, yu help t guarantee that the Museum remains a welcming place f shared enrichment fr all visitrs t experience, t enjy, and t lve.
●What benefits d members f the Friends enjy?
38 . When yu becme a Friend f the University Art Museum, yu als becme part f a great traditin. Nt nly will yu be actively participating in the life f the Museum, but yu als will receive special pprtunities t share yur lve f art with ther like-minded individuals. 39 , and they get invitatins t exhibitin penings, lectures, travel pprtunities, and lively scial gatherings.
●Hw d I jin the Friends?
Becming a Friend is easy. 40 , return it with yur annual membership fee in the attached envelpe, and begin enjying yur benefits immediately. If yu prefer, yu may jin nline at artmuseum. edu/supprt/becme-a-member, r when yu visit the Museum Stre.
A. Why des membership matter
B. Hw can I learn abut the Friends
C. Simply cmplete the membership frm
D. Yu can then see the full range f Friends benefits
E. Friends membership is yur entry t many pprtunities
F. Friends receive a subscriptin t the Museum’s quarterly magazine
G. Friends are peple f all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrunds
【答案】36. G37. A38. E39. F40. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的成员构成、会员意义、福利待遇及加入方式，鼓励公众参与。
36.由上文“Friends are ur neighbrs frm the lcal cmmunities and beynd. They are families, students, schlars, and alumni (校友). (Friends是来自当地社区和其他地方的邻居。他们是家庭、学生、学者和校友)”可知，上文介绍了大学艺术博物馆之友的身份，强调其成员身份的多样性。这里需要一个句子来补充说明朋友群体的多样性。选项G“Friends are peple f all ages, interests, abilities, and cultural backgrunds (Friends是所有年龄、兴趣、能力和文化背景的人)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
37.由下文“As a Friend, yur membership prvides essential annual supprt t help sustain the cntinued excellence and diversity f the Museum’s educatinal prgrams. By jining the Friends, yu help t guarantee that the Museum remains a welcming place f shared enrichment fr all visitrs t experience, t enjy, and t lve. (作为一名Friend，你的会员资格将提供必要的年度支持，以帮助保持博物馆教育项目的持续卓越和多样性。通过加入Friends，你可以帮助确保博物馆仍然是一个欢迎所有游客体验、享受和热爱的共享丰富的地方)”可知，这里需要一个问句来引出会员身份的重要性。选项A“Why des membership matter (为什么会员资格很重要)”直接提出了会员身份的重要性问题，引出了下文对会员支持博物馆教育项目的解释，符合题意。故选A。
38.由上文“What benefits d members f the Friends enjy? (Friends会员享有什么福利？)”及下文“When yu becme a Friend f the University Art Museum, yu als becme part f a great traditin. (当你成为大学艺术博物馆一员时，你也成为了一项伟大传统的一部分。你不仅会积极参与博物馆的各项活动，还将获得与其他志同道合者分享你对艺术的热爱的特别机会)”可知，这里需要一个句子来概括会员可以享受的各种福利。选项E“Friends membership is yur entry t many pprtunities (朋友会员资格是你获得许多机会的入口)”概述了会员资格带来的多种机会，为下文的具体福利做了铺垫，符合题意。故选E。
39.由上文“Nt nly will yu be actively participating in the life f the Museum, but yu als will receive special pprtunities t share yur lve f art with ther like-minded individuals. (你不仅会积极参与博物馆的各项活动，还将获得特别的机会，与其他志同道合的人一起分享你对艺术的热爱)”及下文“and they get invitatins t exhibitin penings, lectures, travel pprtunities, and lively scial gatherings. (并且，他们会收到展览开幕式、讲座、旅行活动以及热闹的社交聚会的邀请函)”可知，这里需要一个句子来列举具体的会员福利。选项F“Friends receive a subscriptin t the Museum’s quarterly magazine (会员们可以订阅博物馆的季刊)”具体提到了会员可以收到博物馆的季刊杂志，能承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
40. 由上文“Hw d I jin the Friends? (我如何加入Friends？)”及下文“return it with yur annual membership fee in the attached envelpe, and begin enjying yur benefits immediately. (请将它与你的年度会员费一同放入随附的信封中寄回，然后立即开始享受你的会员福利)”可知，这里需要一个句子来介绍加入Friends的方式。选项C“Simply cmplete the membership frm (只需填写会员表格)”直接告诉读者如何加入Friends，且C选项中的the membership frm与下文的it相对应，符合题意。故选C。
02（2024九省联考卷）
Cmmn Mistakes New Runners Make
Running is a great way t get in shape and just abut everyne can d it. Hwever, many make a number f cmmn mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training r lead t injury. 36 , keep these things in mind t help yu increase yur chances f running success.
●Ding t much t sn
One f the biggest mistakes new runners make is ding t much t sn. Slwly easing int a training prgram will help reduce the risk f injury, s yu can cntinue n with yur new running rutine. 37 .
● 38
Beginners might think they need t run every day (r nearly every day) t meet their fitness r weight-lss gals, but this culdn’t be further frm the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard n yur bdy. S it's imprtant t give yur bdy a rest between wrkuts.
●Nt wearing the right equipment
_ 39 , it's imprtant that yu wear prperly fr yur wrkuts. The mst imprtant piece f equipment fr running is a gd pair f running shes, s be sure t d sme research befre yu purchase a pair. Visit a running specialty stre and ask an emplyee t fit yu fr a she.
●Running thrugh pain
40 . If smething hurts when yu run, yu need t stp and treat the pain. Remember: It desn't make yu less f a runner if yu listen t yur bdy t keep it healthy.
A. Nt taking rest days
B. If yu're just starting ut
C. Cmparing yurself t thers
D. Running can be uncmfrtable at times
E. It’s imprtant nt t use the same muscles
F. While it may be true that yu dn't need expensive equipment t take up running
G. Experts suggest increasing yur running distance by n mre than 10% each week
【答案】36. B 37. G 38. A 39. F 40. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误。
36.上文“Running is a great way t get in shape and just abut everyne can d it. Hwever, many make a number f cmmn mistakes, which can interfere (妨碍) with training r lead t injury. (跑步是保持体形的好方法，几乎每个人都可以做到。然而，许多人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤。)”指出跑步时有些人会犯一些常见的错误，这些错误可能会干扰训练或导致受伤，由本段标题“Cmmn Mistakes New Runners Make(新跑步者常犯的错误)”可知，本文主要指出新跑步者会犯的错误，根据下文“keep these things in mind t help yu increase yur chances f running success.(记住这些事情可以帮助您增加跑步成功的机会。)”可知，空处是状语从句，B项“如果你刚刚开始”符合，是下文的条件，同时也符合主题，即如果你是新跑步者，本文的建议会帮助你增加成功跑步的机会，故选B。
37.上文“One f the biggest mistakes new runners make is ding t much t sn. Slwly easing int a training prgram will help reduce the risk f injury, s yu can cntinue n with yur new running rutine(新跑步者犯的最大错误之一就是跑得太多太快。慢慢地进入训练计划将有助于降低受伤风险，这样您就可以继续新的跑步习惯)”指出刚开始跑步的人会跑得太快，所以要慢慢进入训练，不要跑太多太快，G项“专家建议每周增加跑步距离不超过10%”符合，指出不要跑太多，故选G。
38.此处是本段小标题，即新手跑步者常犯的错误之一，根据下文“Beginners might think they need t run every day (r nearly every day) t meet their fitness r weight-lss gals, but this culdn’t be further frm the truth. Running is a high-impact activity which can be really hard n yur bdy. S it’s imprtant t give yur bdy a rest between wrkuts.(初学者可能认为他们需要每天（或几乎每天）跑步才能达到健身或减肥目标，但这与事实相差甚远。跑步是一项高影响力的活动，对您的身体来说确实很困难。因此，在锻炼之间让身体休息很重要。)”可知，新手跑步者不休息，A项“没有休息日”符合，故选A。
39.根据本段标题“Nt wearing the right equipment(没有佩戴合适的装备)”可知，本段主要介绍了新手跑步者常犯的错误之一是没有佩戴合适的装备，下文“it’s imprtant that yu wear prperly fr yur wrkuts.(锻炼时正确穿着很重要)”强调跑步时正确穿着很重要，空处也应与“佩戴合适的装备”有关，F项“虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步”符合，其中“equipment”呼应标题中的“the right equipment”，虽然你可能确实不需要昂贵的设备来开始跑步，但是锻炼时正确穿着很重要，故选F。
40.下文“If smething hurts when yu run, yu need t stp and treat the pain (如果跑步时感到疼痛，则需要停下来治疗疼痛)”指出跑步时如果感到疼痛，应该停下来，这说明有时候跑步会让人感到疼痛，D项“跑步有时会感到不舒服”符合，引起下文，下文介绍了感到疼痛时该如何做，故选D。
03（2018全国III卷）
Emji（表情符号）and Wrkplace Cmmunicatin
In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play. 36 . It’s been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.
Written cmmunicatins can ften read as cld and dull. Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear. 37 , encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.
In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin style can be a challenge.38 .
While the yunger generatins prefer t cmmunicate visually, fr thse used t wrking with traditinal tls like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The gd news is that it’s simple t learn and can be wrth the effrt.
There is als the matter f tne（语气）. Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? 39 . Emji can help cmmunicatin feel friendlier, and even a serius nte can be sftened with an encuraging smile.
_40 , and emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. And when yur emplyees begin adding smiling emjis t their business cmmunicatin, yu’ll knw yu have succeeded in imprving yur wrk culture.
A. Message with emjis feel mre cnversatinal
B. Even a frmal email can seem cld and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces t clleagues may seem strange
D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally
E. Giving emplyees the tls enables them t cmmunicate hnestly
F. Studies shw that friendlier cmmunicatin leads t a happier wrkplace
G. An easy way t bring all wrk generatins tgether is with a chat platfrm
【答案】36-40 DACBF
【导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了表情符号以及在工作交流所带来的优势。
36. D。根据前句“In Asia, messaging platfrms are grwing rapidly, with users in the hundreds f millins, bth at wrk and play.(在亚洲，即时通讯平台正在迅速发展，无论是工作还是娱乐，都有数亿用户)”和后句“It's been reprted that 76 percent f emplyees in sme western cuntries are using emjis at wrk.(据报道，在一些西方国家，76%的员工在工作中使用表情符号)”可知，前后句都说明了即时通讯平台受欢迎程度。所以选择项D. The ppularity f these platfrms is spreading glbally. (这些平台的受欢迎程度正在全球蔓延)符合题意。
37. A。根据前句“Using emjis can add humr and feeling, keeping intentin clear.(使用表情符号可以增加幽默和感情，保持明确的意图)”和后半句“encuraging better and mre frequent cmmunicatin.(鼓励更好更频繁的交流)”可知，这里陈述使用表情符号的优点。
38. G。根据前句“In any given ffice, emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd, and finding cmmn grund in cmmunicatin can be a challenge. (在任何一间办公室，员工年龄从22岁到70岁甚至更大，在交流中找到共同点可能是一项挑战)” 中关键词句“emplyees can range frm age 22 t 70 and beynd,”与选择项中“all wrk generatins”是一致的。
39. B。根据前句“ Wh hasn’t received an email s annying that it ruined an entire day? (谁没有收到过毁掉了一整天的邮件呢？)”和后文介绍表情的优点，可知，这里陈述电子邮件的缺点。
40. F。根据后句“and Emji can cntribute directly t that psitive utcme. (并且表情符号可以直接促成这种积极的结果)”可知，这里陈述表情符号能给工作场所带来的好处。
模拟专区：精选名校真题好题，帮你锤炼做题技巧，助力冲刺备考圆梦高考
04（25-26高三上·河北石家庄·开学考试）
Fr cuntless generatins, trillins f cral plyps (珊瑚虫) have lived and died, leaving behind a material called limestne (石灰岩). Thrughut histry, limestne was used t cnstruct the Great Pyramid f Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. 1 . They can be even larger in scale than the mst impressive buildings and structures made by humans.
A diversity f life
A living cral reef is a “city beneath the sea” filled with a rich variety f life. Mst cral reefs can be fund in warm, shallw ceans. They ccupy a small part f the cean flr, but hst 25 percent f all cean life. Each reef is full f clrful fish as well as cral that frms wnderful patterns. 2 , the reefs serve as vital fd surces fr fish.
Threats t cral reefs
Human activities pse serius threats t cral reefs arund the wrld. 3 . Additinally, illegal fishing methds als harm reefs. These methds can help fishermen get a gd catch, but their negative effects n the reefs are significant. Blast (爆破) fishing invlves setting ff bmbs in the water t kill as many fish as pssible. This kills mst living things nearby and causes damage t the reef’s structure. 4 . A 2018 UN reprt warned that up t 99 percent f the wrld’s cral reefs culd decline if climate change cntinues.
5
These threats t cral reefs are serius, but there is hpe fr cral reef survival. If we take steps tward cral reef cnservatin, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats fr millins f years — will be able t rebuild.
A．Reasns fr hpe
B．Methds f prtectin
C．In additin t their beauty
D．Apart frm this cean life
E．Mrever, glbal warming has caused many reefs t becme sick
F．Fr example, reefs can be damaged when the cral is used as building materials
G．Hwever, the mst impressive limestne frmatins can be fund underwater in the frm f cral reefs
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．F 4．E 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珊瑚礁的形成、其丰富的生物多样性，以及面临的人类活动和气候变化等威胁，最后提及保护珊瑚礁仍有希望。
1．根据空前的“Thrughut histry, limestne was used t cnstruct the Great Pyramid f Egypt, as well as many churches and castles. (纵观历史，石灰岩被用来建造埃及的大金字塔，以及许多教堂和城堡。)”以及空后的“They can be even larger in scale than the mst impressive buildings and structures made by humans. (它们的规模甚至可能比人类建造的最令人印象深刻的建筑和构筑物还要大。)”可知，此空应转折说明最令人印象深刻的石灰岩构造是水下的珊瑚礁，“they”指代珊瑚礁。G选项“Hwever, the mst impressive limestne frmatins can be fund underwater in the frm f cral reefs (然而，最令人印象深刻的石灰岩构造以珊瑚礁的形式存在于水下)”中的“limestne frmatins”与前文“limestne”相呼应，“hwever”形成转折，符合语境。故选G项。
2．根据空前的“Each reef is full f clrful fish as well as cral that frms wnderful patterns. (每个珊瑚礁都充满了色彩斑斓的鱼以及形成奇妙图案的珊瑚。)”以及空后的“the reefs serve as vital fd surces fr fish. (珊瑚礁是鱼类重要的食物来源。)”可知，此空应承接前文珊瑚礁的美观，补充说明其除了美观之外的作用。C选项“In additin t their beauty (除了它们的美观之外)”中的“their”指代前文的“reefs”，“in additin t”引出下文的其他作用，符合语境。故选C项。
3．根据空前的“Human activities pse serius threats t cral reefs arund the wrld. (人类活动对世界各地的珊瑚礁构成了严重威胁。)”可知，此空应举例说明人类活动对珊瑚礁的具体威胁。F选项“Fr example, reefs can be damaged when the cral is used as building materials (例如，当珊瑚被用作建筑材料时，珊瑚礁可能会受到破坏)”中的“fr example”承接前文，举例说明人类利用珊瑚作为建材这一活动对珊瑚礁的威胁，符合语境。故选F项。
4．根据空前的“Blast (爆破) fishing invlves setting ff bmbs in the water t kill as many fish as pssible. This kills mst living things nearby and causes damage t the reef’s structure. (爆破捕鱼是指在水中引爆炸弹，以杀死尽可能多的鱼。这会杀死附近的大多数生物，并破坏珊瑚礁的结构。)”以及空后的“A 2018 UN reprt warned that up t 99 percent f the wrld’s cral reefs culd decline if climate change cntinues. (2018年联合国的一份报告警告称，如果气候变化继续下去，全球高达99%的珊瑚礁可能会衰退。)”可知，此空应补充说明另一个威胁珊瑚礁的因素——全球变暖。E选项“Mrever, glbal warming has caused many reefs t becme sick (此外，全球变暖已经导致许多珊瑚礁患病)”中的“mrever”承接前文的爆破捕鱼威胁，引出全球变暖这一威胁，且与空后“climate change”相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。
5．分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的小标题，与其他段落相同，应为名词短语形式，根据空后的“These threats t cral reefs are serius, but there is hpe fr cral reef survival. If we take steps tward cral reef cnservatin, it is likely that these tiny creatures — which survived natural threats fr millins f years — will be able t rebuild. (这些对珊瑚礁的威胁是严重的，但珊瑚礁的生存仍有希望。如果我们采取措施保护珊瑚礁，这些在数百万年里抵御了自然威胁的微小生物或许能够重建家园。)”可知，本段讲述的内容与珊瑚礁生存的希望相关。A选项“Reasns fr hpe (希望的理由)”能概括本段主题，适合作本段小标题。故选A项。
05（2025·河北秦皇岛·模拟预测）
Navigatin (导航) skills are what yu use t knw hw t get frm ne destinatin t anther. Even with mdern tls like BDS, it’s still useful t have basic navigatin skills. 1 . If yu master these skills, yu’ll be able t navigate yur way with cnfidence. Here’s hw t get started.
_ 2 , such as the way t the park yu ften visit. With an adult, take a slightly different path t get there. Pay attentin t visual signs alng the way. Withut digital tls, use the clues t find yur way back t yur starting pint.
In an adult’s cmpany, yu can step ut in yur lcal neighbrhd r twn t lk fr the landmarks. 3 . When yu see hills in the distance r a tall building, ask a trusted adult if the landmark is t the nrth, suth, east, r west f where yu’re standing. Practice identifying landmarks n yur wn when visiting new twns and cities.
Many cities have streets arranged in a grid (网格) layut. Take American cities — Chicag, Denver, Miami — fr example. 4 . Ntice hw the streets in the layut may be named accrding t a theme, like numbers r the name f US presidents. Suburban streets may als have a pattern, like being named fr US states.
Anther way t bst yur navigatin skills is t use creative stries t knw where yu are. T remember a crssing like the place where Prince Street and Elizabeth Street crss, yu might remember it this way: “A prince met Elizabeth.” Yu can als cnnect details t street names; fr example, Main Street is where the main stres in twn are r Lakeside Drive is by the water. 5 .
A．Yu can rely n yur cellphne fr directins
B．After all, yu wn’t always have a digital map
C．Start building navigatin skills with a familiar rute
D．Memrize the street names in yur city befre starting
E．They can help determine which directin yu’re facing
F．Their streets fllw a pattern f nrth t suth and east t west
G．Yu’ll create a mental map and feel mre cnfident f navigating
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．E 4．F 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了掌握基本导航技能的重要性及几种提升导航技能的方法。
1．根据空前的“Even with mdern tls like BDS, it’s still useful t have basic navigatin skills.(即使有像北斗这样的现代工具，掌握基本的导航技能仍然是有用的)”以及空后的“If yu master these skills, yu’ll be able t navigate yur way with cnfidence.(如果你掌握了这些技能，你就能自信地导航了)”可知，此处应说明掌握基本导航技能的原因，B选项“After all, yu wn’t always have a digital map (毕竟，你不会总能有电子地图)”符合语境，解释了为什么即使有现代工具，基本导航技能仍有用。故选B项。
2．根据空后的“such as the way t the park yu ften visit. With an adult, take a slightly different path t get there.(比如去你常去的公园的路。在成年人的陪同下，走一条稍微不同的路去那里)”可知，此处应建议从熟悉的路线开始培养导航技能，C选项“Start building navigatin skills with a familiar rute (从熟悉的路线开始培养导航技能)”引出下文的具体例子，符合语境。故选C项。
3．根据空前的“In an adult’s cmpany, yu can step ut in yur lcal neighbrhd r twn t lk fr the landmarks.(在成年人的陪伴下，你可以走到当地的社区或城镇寻找地标)”以及空后的“When yu see hills in the distance r a tall building, ask a trusted adult if the landmark is t the nrth, suth, east, r west f where yu’re standing.(当你看到远处的山或高楼时，问问你信任的成年人，这个地标是在你站立位置的北、南、东还是西)”可知，此处应说明地标在确定方向上的作用，E选项“They can help determine which directin yu’re facing (它们可以帮助确定你所面对的方向)”中的“They”指代前文的“landmarks”，且与下文确定地标的方位相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。
4．根据空前的“Many cities have streets arranged in a grid (网格) layut. Take American cities — Chicag, Denver, Miami — fr example.(许多城市的街道都是网格布局。以美国城市——芝加哥、丹佛、迈阿密为例)”可知，此处应具体说明这些城市街道的网格布局特点，F选项“Their streets fllw a pattern f nrth t suth and east t west (它们的街道遵循南北走向和东西走向的模式)”符合语境，解释了网格布局的具体形式。故选F项。
5．根据空前的“Anther way t bst yur navigatin skills is t use creative stries t knw where yu are. T remember a crssing like the place where Prince Street and Elizabeth Street crss, yu might remember it this way: “A prince met Elizabeth.” Yu can als cnnect details t street names; fr example, Main Street is where the main stres in twn are r Lakeside Drive is by the water. (另一种提高导航能力的方法是通过编创故事来确定自己的位置。要记住像普林斯街和伊丽莎白街的交叉路口这样的地方，你可以这样记：“一位王子遇见了伊丽莎白。”你还可以把细节和街道名称联系起来，比如，主街是镇上主要商店所在的地方，或者湖畔大道位于水边)”可知，此处应说明这种方法的效果，G选项“Yu’ll create a mental map and feel mre cnfident f navigating (你会创建一个心理地图，并对导航更有信心)”符合语境，总结了用创造性故事记位置这种方法的好处。故选G项。
06（23-24高二下·江苏宿迁·期中）
Attending a cncert is an activity appealing t many. Hwever, as a first-timer, yu prbably feel anxius abut entering a heavily crwded space with verexcited music enthusiasts. The fllwing tips may help yu enjy the experience.
Buy tickets in advance.
_ 1 , there’s a high chance that tickets may sell ut befre yu can buy them if yu dn’t get a head start. In additin, ticket prices are likely t be lwer during the pre-selling perid.
Wear cmfrtable clthes.
Attending a cncert will be an exhausting experience. 2 . Thus, it is vital that when yu g t a cncert, yu dress cmfrtably. It is als essential t wear a pair f cmfrtable shes.
3 .
Waiting utside the venue fr eight hurs is nt what yu shuld d, but yu shuld be reasnable and get t the venue ahead f time. Getting there early will have its wn advantages. 4 .
Have yur phne fully charged.
Yu’ll want yur phne fully charged fr taking phts and vides, cntacting any friends yu’ll be attending with, bking a ride hme, and ther necessary tasks n the day f the cncert. 5 , cnsider packing a pwer bank just in case.
A．Head t the venue early
B．Research the venue ahead f time
C．Yu can find a gd spt fr yurself
D．If the cncert is f music by a ppular artist
E．Since there prbably wn’t be any plugs at the venue
F．Because yu bk yur ticket frm a reliable cmpany
G．Yu may have t stand the whle night and wait in lng queues
【答案】1．D 2．G 3．A 4．C 5．E
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了参加演唱会的一些建议。
1．根据本段主题句“Buy tickets in advance. (提前购票。)”以及下文“there’s a high chance that tickets may sell ut befre yu can buy them if yu dn’t get a head start. (如果你不抢先一步，门票很有可能在你买到之前就卖光了。)”可知，空格处说明的是演唱会门票紧张的情况。选项D. If the cncert is f music by a ppular artist(如果音乐会是一个流行艺术家的音乐)能够引出下文。故选D。
2．根据上文“Attending a cncert will be an exhausting experience. (听音乐会将是一次令人筋疲力尽的经历。)”以及下文“Thus, it is vital that when yu g t a cncert, yu dress cmfrtably. (因此，当你去听音乐会时，穿着舒适是至关重要的。)”可知，空格处进一步说明的是演唱会是非常令人疲惫的。选项G. Yu may have t stand the whle night and wait in lng queues(你可能得整夜站着排长队)能够承上启下。故选G。
3．根据下文“Waiting utside the venue fr eight hurs is nt what yu shuld d, but yu shuld be reasnable and get t the venue ahead f time. (在会场外等8个小时是不应该的，但你应该理智，提前到达会场。)”说明的是应该提前到达场地。空格处为本段主题句，应该说明的是提前到达。选项A. Head t the venue early(早点去会场)符合本段主题。故选A。
4．根据上文“Getting there early will have its wn advantages. (早到那里有它自己的优势。)”说明的是早点到达的优势，可知空格处应进一步说明早点到达的优势。选项C. Yu can find a gd spt fr yurself(你可以为自己找到一个好地方)说明的是早点到达的好处，能够承接上文。故选C。
5．根据本段的主题句“Have yur phne fully charged. (给手机充满电。)”以及下文“cnsider packing a pwer bank just in case (考虑带一个充电宝以防万一)”可知，空格处说明的是场地可能没有地方充电。选项E. Since there prbably wn’t be any plugs at the venue (因为会场上可能没有插头)能够引出下文。故选E。
07（2025·安徽马鞍山·模拟预测）
The Laba Festival is celebrated n the 8th day f the 12th lunar mnth in China. It is a traditinal festival t pray fr a gd harvest and gd luck in the cming year. 1 . As an ld Chinese saying ges, “The Spring Festival cmes right after the Laba Festival. ”
2 . This time-hnred traditin is said t have started in the Sng Dynasty when peple frm all walks f life made and ate Laba prridge. In the Qing Dynasty, the traditin f enjying Laba prridge was still especially ppular. 3 , but als sent it t thers as a gift. The Laba Festival was als a day f charity. Wealthy families wuld prepare a huge pt t ck the prridge and give it t the pr. It was als during that time that temples began t ffer Laba prridge t their visitrs.
Traditinally, Laba prridge, usually sweetish, cntains eight kinds f fresh grains, melns, and fruits. Its ingredients may vary slightly frm place t place. 4 . The Laba Festival is als the day when peple chse tp-quality garlic and put it in vinegar. By the time the Lunar New Year’s Eve arrives, the garlic, a perfect match fr dumplings, will have turned a beautiful green clr.
Traditinal festivals like the Laba Festival prvide valuable chances fr family members t get tgether, serving as a channel fr maintaining family cnnectins. 5 .
A．Hwever, they remain basically the same
B．The Laba Festival marks the beginning f the Spring Festival
C．Peple nt nly cked the dish fr their wn family members
D．There are different versins f the surce f the Laba prridge
E．They nt nly exchange gifts f Laba prridge t express gd wishes
F．In the prcess f celebrating them, peple feel their family ties deepened
G．Enjying Laba prridge is perhaps the mst imprtant traditin f the Laba Festival
【答案】1．B 2．G 3．C 4．A 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统节日腊八节，包括腊八节的时间、意义、习俗（喝腊八粥、泡腊八蒜）以及其在维系家庭关系方面的作用。
1．根据下文“As an ld Chinese saying ges, “The Spring Festival cmes right after the Laba Festival. ”(正如中国一句古老的谚语所说：“腊八之后就是年”)” 可知，选项承接下文说明腊八节与春节的关系，B选项“腊八节标志着春节的开始”符合语境，故选B。
2．根据下文“This time - hnred traditin is said t have started in the Sng Dynasty when peple frm all walks f life made and ate Laba prridge.(据说这个历史悠久的传统始于宋朝，当时各行各业的人都会制作和食用腊八粥)” 可知，该段围绕喝腊八粥的传统展开，“喝腊八粥或许是腊八节最重要的传统” 符合语境，为本段的小标题。故选G。
3．根据上文“In the Qing Dynasty, the traditin f enjying Laba prridge was still especially ppular.(在清朝，享用腊八粥的传统仍然特别流行)” 及 “but als sent it t thers as a gift(还把它作为礼物送给别人)” 可知，该段讲喝腊八粥的传统，前文说在清朝享用腊八粥的传统仍然特别流行，后文说 “but als sent it t thers as a gift（还把它作为礼物送给别人）”，所以此处应是说人们不仅为自己的家人煮腊八粥。C选项“人们不仅为自己的家人煮这道菜” 符合语境，nt als... 为固定搭配，故选C。
4．根据上文“Its ingredients may vary slightly frm place t place.(它的食材可能因地方不同略有差异)” 可知，该段讲腊八粥的食材，上文说其食材可能因地方不同略有差异，所以此处应转折说明但基本相同。A选项“然而，它们基本保持相同” 符合语境。故选A。
5．根据上文“Traditinal festivals like the Laba Festival prvide valuable chances fr family members t get tgether, serving as a channel fr maintaining family cnnectins.(像腊八节这样的传统节日为家庭成员团聚提供了宝贵的机会，是维系家庭关系的一种方式)” 可知，选项承接上文说明腊八节的作用。F选项“在庆祝它们的过程中，人们感觉他们的家庭关系加深了” 符合语境。故选F。
08（2025·河南·模拟预测）
Animal Care Vlunteer Prgram in Athens—Greece
Ready t make a real difference t animals in Athens? Jin Internatinal Vlunteer HQ’s Animal Care prject in Greece, where yur effrts will directly influence the lives f abandned and rescued dgs, cats, and urban wildlife. By vlunteering at a lcal animal shelter, yu’ll prvide these animals with the care and safety they need, helping them recver and find a better future. 1 And this is yur chance t take actin nw!
·What is expected f vlunteers?
In 2017, there were apprximately 3.8 millin wnerless cats and dgs thrughut Greece, with nearly 2 millin in Athens alne. The high number f abandned animals makes the shelters necessary. Hwever, they're ften vercrwded and under-resurced, relying heavily n vlunteers t manage daily tasks. 2 , many f which may have experienced hurt, vilence, r illness. Yur duty is t make them feel lved, stimulate them, and help them build trust in peple again.
_ 3 , ensuring that all animals receive the attentin they need and that the shelter remains well-maintained and clean. Yur tasks will vary frm day t day but can include animal scializatin, feeding and care, walking the animals, supprting adptin events and prmting adptins.
· 4 ?
When yu take part in this vlunteer prject, yu’ll be adding value t the lcal cmmunity, and develping persnally and prfessinally. Yu can help imprve the lives f abandned and rescued animals, develp skills in animal care, scializatin, as well as shelter management and experience the rich culture f Athens while making a meaningful cntributin t animal welfare.
·What are the requirements fr vlunteers?
Vlunteers need t be 18 years ld r ver t participate in this prgram. 5 Additinally, all vlunteers shuld have adequate vlunteer travel insurance and prvide a recent criminal backgrund check after registering n the prgram.
A．What preparatins are needed t start
B．They must speak fluent English as well
C．Why shuld yu d animal care vlunteering in Athens
D．Yur cmmitment can truly change their lives
E．Yur help will be imprtant in keeping the shelter running smthly
F．Yur rle as a vlunteer will include training and scializing the animals
G．Vlunteering abrad with animals is a rewarding and life-changing experience
【答案】1．D 2．F 3．E 4．C 5．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了希腊雅典的动物护理志愿者项目的相关信息，包括项目内容、对志愿者的期望、参与该项目的好处以及志愿者的要求等。
1．上文“By vlunteering at a lcal animal shelter, yu’ll prvide these animals with the care and safety they need, helping them recver and find a better future.(通过在当地的动物收容所做志愿者，你将为这些动物提供它们所需要的照顾和安全，帮助它们康复并找到一个更好的未来)”说明成为动物护理志愿者对动物有好处，空处应进一步说明成为志愿者对动物的意义，D项“你的付出真的可以改变它们的生活”对上文内容进行强调，且D项中的“their lives”指代上文中的“these animals”的生活。故选D。
2．下文“many f which may have experienced hurt, vilence, r illness. Yur duty is t make them feel lved, stimulate them, and help them build trust in peple again.(其中许多可能经历过伤害、暴力或疾病。你的职责是让它们感受到爱，激发它们的活力，并帮助它们重新建立对人类的信任)”说明志愿者要照顾和训练动物，F项“作为一名志愿者，你的职责将包括训练动物和让它们适应社会”引出下文内容，且F项中的“training and scializing the animals”和下文中的“stimulate them, and help them build trust in peple again”相呼应。故选F。
3．下文“ensuring that all animals receive the attentin they need and that the shelter remains well-maintained and clean.(确保所有动物都能得到它们需要的关注，收容所保持良好维护和清洁)”说明志愿者的帮助对收容所的运营很重要，E项“你的帮助对于收容所的顺利运营至关重要”和下文内容一致，且E项中的“keeping the shelter running smthly”和下文中的“the shelter remains well-maintained and clean”相呼应。故选E。
4．下文“When yu take part in this vlunteer prject, yu’ll be adding value t the lcal cmmunity, and develping persnally and prfessinally. Yu can help imprve the lives f abandned and rescued animals, develp skills in animal care, scializatin, as well as shelter management and experience the rich culture f Athens while making a meaningful cntributin t animal welfare.(当你参加这个志愿者项目时，你将为当地社区增添价值，并在个人和专业上得到发展。你可以帮助改善被遗弃和获救动物的生活，培养动物护理、社交以及收容所管理方面的技能，并在为动物福利做出有意义贡献的同时体验雅典丰富的文化)”说明参加这个志愿者项目有很多好处，C项“你为什么要在雅典做动物护理志愿者”以提问的方式，引出下文对参加这个志愿者项目的好处。故选C。
5．上文“Vlunteers need t be 18 years ld r ver t participate in this prgram.(志愿者需要年满18岁才能参加这个项目)”说明了对志愿者年龄的要求，空处应继续说明对志愿者的其他要求，B项“他们还必须说一口流利的英语”是对志愿者的其他要求，且B项中的“They”指代上文中的“Vlunteers”。故选B。
09（2025·湖南长沙·三模）
Cnsuming fd can be a pleasurable thing—we enjy feasting n the mix f tastes and textures and it stps us feeling hungry t. 1 . But what many f us dn’t cnsider is hw ur emtins are affected by what we put int ur stmach.
Fr me, it’s the unhealthy fds like chclate that put a smile n my face—well, I d have a sweet tth! It might seem bvius that’s bad fr ur waistline, usually makes us happy. 2 . But dietitians tell us that eating bad fd fr a lng time nt nly leads t many health prblems, but it can als affect ur mental state and cause depressin.
The link between ur mind and fd has been lked at by scientists. They’ve recently fund that it’s the bacteria (细菌) in ur bdy that affect ur md. Researchers in Canada have fund that certain “gd” bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice. 3 .
Many fd prducts are claiming t be high in such “gd” bacteria and sme f the best types are hmemade fd like ygurt. 4 . Maybe I shuld change my diet t brighten me up! Dctr Michael Msley wuld agree. He’s been lking int this fr the BBC and says the best fd t cheer us up is in a “Mediterranean diet”; live il, whle grains, lts f fruits and vegetables. Sugar: terrible fr yu!
S maybe it’s time t lay ff the fatty and sugary things. 5 , even if the science behind it is cmplex. It’s nt rcket science but this is further evidence fr the saying “we are what we eat”. There are ther factrs that can change ur md but it seems we have sme ability t imprve hw we feel by cntrlling what we put n ur plate.
A．I dn’t want t give it a try.
B．Eating healthily may seem simple.
C．We are indeed determined by the we eat.
D．This really makes me think twice abut what I eat.
E．Fd als gives us energy and minerals ur bdy needs.
F．Mst f us get this feeling when we use fd as a quick pick-me-up.
G．Fr us humans, this means fd with “gd” bacteria can imprve hw we feel.
【答案】1．E 2．F 3．G 4．D 5．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了食物对人们情绪的影响。
1．根据前文提到“Cnsuming fd can be a pleasurable thing—we enjy feasting n the mix f tastes and textures and it stps us feeling hungry t.( 吃东西可以是一件令人愉快的事情——我们享受各种味道和质地的盛宴，它也让我们不再感到饥饿。)”说明食物能带来愉悦感和让我们不饿，E选项“Fd als gives us energy and minerals ur bdy needs.( 食物也提供我们身体所需的能量和矿物质。)”进一步阐述食物还能给我们身体所需的能量和矿物质，与前文构成并列关系，都是在说食物对我们身体的基本作用。故选E项。
2．根据前文“Fr me, it’s the unhealthy fds like chclate that put a smile n my face(对我来说，像巧克力这样的不健康食物让我笑了起来。)”提到像巧克力这样的不健康食物能让我们开心，F选项“Mst f us get this feeling when we use fd as a quick pick - me – up.( 当我们把食物当作快速提神剂时，大多数人都会有这种感觉。)”中的“this feeling”指代前文吃不健康食物带来的开心感觉，且提到当我们用食物来快速提神时会有这种感觉，符合语境。故选F项。
3．根据前文“Researchers in Canada have fund that certain “gd” bacteria help reduce anxiety in mice.( 加拿大的研究人员发现，某些“好”细菌有助于减轻老鼠的焦虑。)”说加拿大的研究人员发现某些“好”细菌有助于减轻老鼠的焦虑，G选项“Fr us humans, this means fd with “gd” bacteria can imprve hw we feel.( 对我们人类来说，这意味着含有“有益”细菌的食物可以改善我们的感觉。)”则指出对于人类来说，含有“好”细菌的食物能改善我们的感觉，是对前文研究结果在人类身上的延伸。故选G项。
4．根据前文“Many fd prducts are claiming t be high in such “gd” bacteria and sme f the best types are hmemade fd like ygurt.( 许多食品都声称富含这种“好”细菌，其中一些最好的类型是自制食品，比如酸奶。)”提到很多食品声称含有高“好”细菌，自制食品如酸奶是最好的类型之一，D选项“This really makes me think twice abut what I eat.( 这真的让我对我吃的东西三思而后行。)”中的“This”指代前面关于“好”细菌食物的内容，表明这让作者对自己吃的东西重新思考，与后文“Maybe I shuld change my diet t brighten me up!”相呼应。故选D项。
5．根据后文“even if the science behind it is cmplex(即使它背后的科学很复杂。)”以及“It’s nt rcket science but this is further evidence fr the saying “we are what we eat”.( 这不是火箭科学，但这进一步证明了“我们吃什么就是什么”这句话。)”可知，这里是说健康饮食这件事看似简单，即使其背后的科学原理很复杂，B 选项“Eating healthily may seem simple.( 健康饮食看起来很简单。)”符合语境。故选B项。
10（2025·江西新余·模拟预测）
Spring planter ideas t brighten up yur flwer garden
At this time f the year, spring cntainers are a simple slutin that can bring vitality t dull curtyards and bring crners f the garden. 1 .
Planning yur planter
Chsing the right cntainer is imprtant: always think abut the style f garden yu have. 2 . They are great firm pts fr spring as they dn’t blw ver in thse early spring high winds. Check that the pt has a large drainage (排水) hle t ensure that the sil drains well.
Think f heights
Height is imprtant t think abut when yu’re designing yur arrangement and where it will be psitined, such as in a central space r in a crner. 3 , then yu can always raise yur pt ff the grund with ld huse bricks r decrative terractta (赤陶土) pt feet, r use steps in yur garden t create interest and drama.
Beds and brders
4 . Cver them between herbaceus plants and evergreen grasses in drifts f single species t blend with the planting scheme r plant a range f varieties t create splashes f clur. Remember t mark where yu have planted them and it is amazingly easy t frget where they are!
5
Varieties that blm in summer can be planted in spring, as sn as the risk f frst has passed, until the end f May. Fllw the instructins n the back f the packs but, generally, plant bulbs (球茎) twice as deep as the bulb is tall — althugh Begnias and Dahlias shuld be planted just under the sil surface.
A．When t plant
B．If yu dn’t have a tall plant
C．I like a gd, weighty red planter
D．When yu like t use spring cntainers
E．Bulbs are superb fr filling gaps in beds and brders
F．Plants that used t grw well in spring are planted in the spring cntainers
G．They can create the impressin f a small garden and are s easy t care fr t
【答案】1．G 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何利用春季花盆来装点花园，包括选择合适的容器、考虑植物高度、填充花坛和边界以及种植时间等方面的建议。
1．根据上文“At this time f the year, spring cntainers are a simple slutin that can bring vitality t dull curtyards and bring crners f the garden. (每年的这个时候，春季花盆是一个简单的解决方案，可以为沉闷的庭院和花园里无聊的角落带来活力。)”可知，空处应进一步说明春季花盆的好处。G选项“They can create the impressin f a small garden and are s easy t care fr t (它们可以营造出小花园的感觉，而且非常容易照料)”中的“they”指代上句中的“spring cntainers”，承接上文，继续介绍花盆的作用，符合语境。故选G项。
2．根据上文“Chsing the right cntainer is imprtant: always think abut the style f garden yu have. (选择合适的容器很重要：一定要考虑你花园的风格。)”可知，空处应举例说明合适的容器。C选项“I like a gd, weighty red planter (我喜欢一个好的、有分量的红色花盆)”承接上文，说明了喜欢哪类花盆。故选C项。
3．根据下文“then yu can always raise yur pt ff the grund with ld huse bricks r decrative terractta pt feet, r use steps in yur garden t create interest and drama. (那么你可以用旧砖块或装饰性的赤陶土花盆脚把花盆垫高，或者利用花园里的台阶来营造趣味和戏剧效果。)”可知，空处应提出假设条件。B选项“If yu dn’t have a tall plant (如果你没有高大的植物)”，解释了“选择花盆时要考虑植物的高度”这一条件，且其中的“tall”与小标题处的“height”为同义词，符合逻辑。故选B项。
4．根据本段小标题“Beds and brders (花坛和边界)”可知，本段主要讲述的是花坛和边界的种植。根据下文“Cver them between herbaceus plants and evergreen grasses in drifts f single species t blend with the planting scheme r plant a range f varieties t create splashes f clur. (它们种植在草本植物和常绿草之间，以单一物种的波浪形式与种植方案相融合，或者种植多种品种以创造色彩斑斓的效果。)”可知，空处应提到与花坛和边界相关的植物。E选项“Bulbs are superb fr filling gaps in beds and brders (球茎植物非常适合填充花坛和边界的空隙)”，介绍了花盆的放置位置，且其中“beds and brders”与小标题是同词复现。故选E项。
5．根据设空位置可知，空处为本段小标题。根据下文“Varieties that blm in summer can be planted in spring, as sn as the risk f frst has passed, until the end f May. (夏季开花的品种可以在春季种植，只要霜冻的危险过去，就可以一直种到五月底。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是种植时间。A选项“When t plant (何时种植)”能够概况下文主旨，可作为小标题使用。故选A项。
11（2025·新疆乌鲁木齐·三模）
Hw t Prepare fr Flding
Fr mst Eurpeans, wet winters are as cmmn as water ff a duck’s back. Hwever, climate change is nw presenting unmatched challenges, with flding emerging as a critical issue fr hmewners. Flding is n lnger restricted t riverside areas; it can als affect twns, cities, and even dry landscapes. 1 . Instead, it is abut taking practical steps t build adaptability in an increasingly unpredictable climate.
2 Stay up t date with the latest fld warnings in yur area by visiting gv. uk/ check-flding and ensure yur hme insurance cvers fld damage. Simple measures like putting dwn tiles, lifting up electrical utlets, and fitting nn-return taps can significantly reduce repair csts. Keep sandbags, fld bards, and plastic sheeting ready t seal drways and prevent wastewater backflw. Develp an evacuatin (疏散) plan fr yur family and pets, deciding n safe exit rutes and temprary shelter lcatins. Check n neighbrs, especially the elderly r vulnerable, and cnsider including them in yur plan. 3 .
During a fld, if yu are in immediate danger, call emergency services. Turn ff the main pwer befre evacuating. Lcal cuncils can prvide emergency shelter if needed. 4 , fr it can be fast-flwing and plluted. If yu d make cntact with fldwater, wash yurself thrughly afterwards and change yur clthes.
After a fld, wait fr the all-clear frm emergency services befre returning hme. 5 , as they shuld be able t send an engineer t ensure it’s safe, as well as carry ut any repairs. Abandn any plluted fd and bil tap water until it’s declared safe. Use bttled water if pssible.
A．Avid walking r swimming thrugh fldwater
B．Keep an eye n the ptential dangers arund yu
C．Identify yur meeting places in case f separatin
D．The mre yu knw, the mre prepared yu can be
E．But preparing fr fld risks is nt abut fearing the wrst
F．Cntact yur water and electricity prviders befre restring pwer
G．D nt tuch electrical equipment if yu are wet r standing in the fld
【答案】1．E 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在气候变化导致洪水频发的情况下，人们应如何做好应对洪水的准备，包括洪水前的预防措施、洪水发生时的应对方法以及洪水后的处理建议。
1．上文“Flding is n lnger restricted t riverside areas; it can als affect twns, cities, and even dry landscapes. (洪水不再局限于河岸地区；它还可能影响城镇、城市，甚至干旱的景观)”以及后文“Instead, it is abut taking practical steps t build adaptability in an increasingly unpredictable climate. (相反，它是关于采取切实可行的措施，在日益不可预测的气候中建立适应性)”提到洪水的影响范围更广，但应对洪水不应是恐惧，而是采取措施，空处应承上启下，说明应对洪水灾害应有的态度。E选项“但应对洪水风险并不是要害怕最坏的情况”符合语境，其中fearing the wrst与后文taking practical steps形成对比。故选E。
2．下文“Stay up t date with the latest fld warnings in yur area by visiting gv.uk/check-flding and ensure yur hme insurance cvers fld damage. Simple measures like putting dwn tiles, lifting up electrical utlets, and fitting nn-return taps can significantly reduce repair csts. (通过访问gv.uk/check-flding，了解你所在地区的最新洪水预警，并确保你的房屋保险涵盖洪水损失。像铺瓷砖、抬高插座、安装防逆流水龙头等简单措施可以显著降低维修成本)”等一系列为洪水做准备的具体措施，可知空处应该是对下文措施的一个总结性陈述。D选项“你知道的越多，准备的就越充分”符合语境，引出下文一系列为洪水做准备的具体措施。故选D。
3．上文“Develp an evacuatin (疏散) plan fr yur family and pets, deciding n safe exit rutes and temprary shelter lcatins. Check n neighbrs, especially the elderly r vulnerable, and cnsider including them in yur plan. (为你的家人和宠物制定一个疏散计划，确定安全的出口路线和临时避难所的位置。检查邻居的情况，特别是老人或弱势群体，并考虑将他们纳入你的计划中)”介绍了应对洪水灾害时应制定疏散计划，包括确定安全出口路线和临时避难所位置，以及检查邻居的情况并将他们纳入计划中。空处应承接上文，进一步说明制定疏散计划时的注意事项。C选项“确定你们在分离时的会合地点”符合语境，承接上文中的制定疏散计划。故选C。
4．根据上文“During a fld, if yu are in immediate danger, call emergency services. Turn ff the main pwer befre evacuating. Lcal cuncils can prvide emergency shelter if needed. (在洪水期间，如果你面临直接危险，请拨打紧急服务电话。在撤离前关闭主电源。如有需要，地方议会可以提供紧急避难所)”以及下文“fr it can be fast-flwing and plluted. If yu d make cntact with fldwater, wash yurself thrughly afterwards and change yur clthes. (因为它可能水流湍急且受到污染。如果你确实接触了洪水，事后要彻底清洗自己并更换衣服)”可知，空处应该是承接上文，且引出下文对于洪水危险的描述。A选项“避免在洪水中行走或游泳”符合语境，说明要避免在洪水中行走或游泳，因为洪水可能水流湍急且受到污染。故选A。
5．下文“as they shuld be able t send an engineer t ensure it’s safe, as well as carry ut any repairs.(因为他们应该能够派一名工程师来确保安全，并进行任何必要的维修)”可知，本段介绍了应对洪水灾害后应联系水电供应商，在恢复供电前应确保安全。空处应承接上文，说明在恢复供电前应做的准备工作。F选项“在恢复供电前联系你的水电供应商”符合语境，引出下文中的水电供应商可以派工程师来确保安全并进行维修。故选F。
12（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）
In a wrld facing serius envirnmental challenges and a grwing discnnectin frm nature, cmmunity gardens have emerged as drivers fr psitive changes. These gardens are beneficial t urban residents and play an imprtant rle in shaping an envirnmentally sustainable sciety. 1 .
Cmmunity gardens ffer an escape frm the chas f fast-paced urban life. 2 , creating a sense f peacefulness and inner balance. The simple act f digging hands int sil, planting seeds and witnessing the wnder f grwth brings a sense f satisfactin and purpse.
Cmmunity gardens serve as inclusive spaces where peple frm diverse backgrunds cme tgether with a shared passin fr nature and sustainability. 3 .They prvide a friendly envirnment fr scial bnds. As gardeners tend t plants side by side, they build meaningful cnnectins, making cmmunity gardens nt just places fr grwing plants but als fr nurturing relatinships.
In an era f rapid urbanizatin, cmmunity gardens act as a shelter fr plants, insects and birds. The bidiversity they supprt cntributes t the verall health f urban ecsystems. 4 . Thrugh lcal, rganic and sustainable practices, cmmunity gardeners take an active rle in securing their fd surces while reducing the envirnmental impact assciated with cnventinal agriculture and lng-distance transprtatin.
Beynd the psychlgical benefits, cmmunity gardens ffer advantages fr physical health as well. Gardening invlves varius physical activities such as planting, weeding and harvesting, which prvide gentle exercise and prmte verall well-being. 5 , encuraging a psitive and sustainable apprach t nutritin.
A．These spaces g beynd mere physical gardens
B．These gardens als address the pressing issue f fd security
C．Mre imprtantly, they allw individuals t recnnect with nature
D．Cmmunity gardens create an atmsphere fr knwledge-sharing
E．The harvest can even be celebrated and shared amng all members
F．They allw peple t interact with nature and with each ther and enjy a better life
G．Additinally, the fresh prduce grwn in the gardens cntributes t a healthier diet
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了社区花园在当今社会中的重要作用，包括为人们提供逃离城市喧嚣的空间、促进不同背景的人交流、保护生物多样性、保障食物安全以及有益身心健康等。
1．根据上文“In a wrld facing serius envirnmental challenges and a grwing discnnectin frm nature, cmmunity gardens have emerged as drivers fr psitive changes. These gardens are beneficial t urban residents and play an imprtant rle in shaping an envirnmentally sustainable sciety.(在一个面临严重环境挑战和人与自然日益脱节的世界里，社区花园已成为积极变化的推动力量。这些花园对城市居民有益，在塑造环境可持续发展的社会中发挥着重要作用)” 可知，选项承接上文继续说明社区花园对居民的益处。故F选项“它们让人们与自然互动，与彼此互动，享受更好的生活”切题。故选 F。
2．根据上文“Cmmunity gardens ffer an escape frm the chas f fast - paced urban life.(社区花园为人们提供了一个逃离快节奏城市生活混乱的地方)”可知，选项承接上文说明社区花园的作用。故C选项“更重要的是，它们让个人与自然重新建立联系”切题。故选C项。
3．根据上文“Cmmunity gardens serve as inclusive spaces where peple frm diverse backgrunds cme tgether with a shared passin fr nature and sustainability.(社区花园是包容性的空间，不同背景的人因对自然和可持续性的共同热情而聚集在一起)”以及下文“They prvide a friendly envirnment fr scial bnds. As gardeners tend t plants side by side, they build meaningful cnnectins, making cmmunity gardens nt just places fr grwing plants but als fr nurturing relatinships.(它们为社会联系提供了友好的环境。当园丁们并肩照料植物时，他们建立了有意义的联系，使社区花园不仅是种植植物的地方，也是培养关系的地方)” 可知，选项承接上下文说明这些空间不仅仅是物理意义上的花园，还具有更多的社会意义。故A选项“这些空间超越了单纯的物理花园”切题。故选 A。
4．根据上文“Thrugh lcal, rganic and sustainable practices, cmmunity gardeners take an active rle in securing their fd surces while reducing the envirnmental impact assciated with cnventinal agriculture and lng - distance transprtatin.(通过本地、有机和可持续的做法，社区园丁在确保食物来源方面发挥积极作用，同时减少与传统农业和长途运输相关的环境影响)” 可知，选项引起下文说明花园在粮食方面产生的作用。故B选项“社区花园还解决了粮食安全这一紧迫问题”切题。故选 B。
5．根据下文“encuraging a psitive and sustainable apprach t nutritin.(鼓励积极和可持续的营养方式)”可知，选项引出下文与下文话题一致，都在说明花园里种植的新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食。故G选项“花园里种植的新鲜农产品有助于健康饮食”切题。healthier diet呼应sustainable apprach t nutritin。故选G项。
13（24-25高三下·山东·阶段练习）
Have yu ever watched a grup f fireflies (萤火虫) lighting up the night sky? At first glance, their lights may appear chatic, but if yu watch clsely, yu’ll find smething remarkable begins t unfld.
1 . They seem t be shining randmly at first. When they gather in a grup, these individual patterns start t synchrnize (同步). It’s like they are having a silent cnversatin, adjusting their flashes t match thse arund them. Once this synchrnizatin is achieved, the result is a beautiful and crdinated display f light. 2 , which has inspired peple t think abut teamwrk and creativity.
Duglas, in her bk The Firefly Effect, finds similarities between this natural phenmenn and human teams. She suggests that just like fireflies, team members each bring their wn unique talents and ideas t the grup. 3 . These individual cntributins can synchrnize t create smething much greater than the sum f their parts. The key is t encurage each team member t shine, just like a firefly, and t be pen t the ideas and flashes f insight frm thers.
Fr example, in a schl prject team, ne student is great at research, anther at writing, and a third at presenting. If they each wrk in islatin, the prject might be gd, but nt great. Hwever, if they share their findings, cllabrate n the writing, and practice the presentatin tgether, their individual strengths can cmbine t create an utstanding prject. 4 .
S, when yu see fireflies lighting up the night, remember that they are nt just insects flashing randmly. They are a symbl f hw individual effrts can cme tgether t create smething truly magical. 5 , whether in schl, sprts, r the wrkplace. By embracing the firefly effect, we can build teams that are nt nly creative but als highly effective.
A．This is knwn as the “firefly effect”
B．Their flashes can be seen frm miles away
C．It is a lessn that can be applied t any team
D．This is the pwer f the firefly effect in actin
E．They wrk tgether and cmmunicate effectively
F．Fireflies use their flashes t cmmunicate in nature
G．They rarely appear in grups and prefer t stay alne
【答案】1．F 2．A 3．E 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章通过描述萤火虫在夜晚同步闪烁的自然现象，引出了“萤火虫效应”这一概念，并进而阐述了这一效应在团队合作和创造力方面的启示。
1．设空位于段首，所以应是本段的中心句，根据后文“They seem t be shining randmly at first. When they gather in a grup, these individual patterns start t synchrnize (同步). It’s like they are having a silent cnversatin, adjusting their flashes t match thse arund them.(它们起初似乎是随机发光的。当它们聚集在一起时，这些单独的模式开始同步。就像他们在进行无声的对话，调整自己的闪光来适应周围的人)”可知，本段讲述用闪光进行了交流，所以F项“Fireflies use their flashes t cmmunicate in nature(萤火虫用它们的闪光在自然界中进行交流)”符合本段主题，为中心句。故选F项。
2．根据前文“Once this synchrnizatin is achieved, the result is a beautiful and crdinated display f light.(一旦实现了这种同步，结果就是一个美丽而协调的光显示)”以及后文“which has inspired peple t think abut teamwrk and creativity(它激发了人们对团队合作和创造力的思考)”可知，空处应是对前文的现象做出总结，并引出下文内容，所以A项“This is knwn as the “firefly effect”(这就是所谓的“萤火虫效应”)”是对上文的总结，并引出下文。故选A项。
3．根据前文“Duglas, in her bk The Firefly Effect, finds similarities between this natural phenmenn and human teams. She suggests that just like fireflies, team members each bring their wn unique talents and ideas t the grup.(道格拉斯在她的书《萤火虫效应》中发现了这种自然现象和人类团队之间的相似之处。她建议，就像萤火虫一样，团队成员每个人都为团队带来自己独特的才能和想法)”以及后文“These individual cntributins can synchrnize t create smething much greater than the sum f their parts.(这些个人的贡献可以同步创造出比各部分总和大得多的东西)”可知，E项“They wrk tgether and cmmunicate effectively(他们一起工作，有效地沟通)”承接上文，继续讲述团队成员如何像萤火虫一样，并引出后文。故选E项。
4．设空位于段尾，应是对前文的总结，根据前文“Fr example, in a schl prject team, ne student is great at research, anther at writing, and a third at presenting. If they each wrk in islatin, the prject might be gd, but nt great. Hwever, if they share their findings, cllabrate n the writing, and practice the presentatin tgether, their individual strengths can cmbine t create an utstanding prject.(例如，在一个学校项目团队中，一个学生擅长研究，另一个擅长写作，第三个擅长演讲。如果他们各自独立工作，项目可能是好的，但不是伟大的。然而，如果他们分享他们的发现，合作写作，一起练习演示，他们的个人优势可以结合起来创造一个出色的项目)”可知，D项“This is the pwer f the firefly effect in actin(这就是萤火虫效应的作用)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选D项。
5．根据前文“S, when yu see fireflies lighting up the night, remember that they are nt just insects flashing randmly. They are a symbl f hw individual effrts can cme tgether t create smething truly magical.(所以，当你看到萤火虫照亮夜空时，请记住它们并不是随机闪烁的昆虫。它们象征着个人的努力可以汇聚在一起，创造出真正神奇的东西)”可知，本段在进行总结，所以C项“It is a lessn that can be applied t any team(这是一个适用于任何团队的经验)”承接上文，继续对萤火虫效应进行总结，并引出下文“whether in schl, sprts, r the wrkplace.(无论是在学校、体育运动还是工作场所)”符合文意。故选C项。卷别
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