中考英语一轮复习讲义专题04 考点拓展4&肯定句、否定句、疑问句及转化方法&写作指导（家庭生活）（原卷版）

这是一份中考英语一轮复习讲义专题04 考点拓展4&肯定句、否定句、疑问句及转化方法&写作指导（家庭生活）（原卷版），共11页。试卷主要包含了 d 做；干→等内容，欢迎下载使用。
目录
TOC \ "1-1" \h \u \l "_Tc15338" 一．词汇拓展 PAGEREF _Tc15338 \h 1
\l "_Tc32066" 二．考点拓展 PAGEREF _Tc32066 \h 2
\l "_Tc15121" 三．语法考点 PAGEREF _Tc15121 \h 6
\l "_Tc5607" 四．写作考点 PAGEREF _Tc5607 \h 11
\l "_Tc26787" 五．阅读拓展 PAGEREF _Tc26787 \h 12
一．词汇拓展
1. eight (num.)八→ (序数词)第八
2. nine (num.)九→ (序数词)第九
3. number (n.)号码；数量；数字 (v.)数;算；给……编号
电话号码 大量的 ……的数量
4. write (v.)写→ (过去式)→ (现在分词)→ (n.)作家
写下；记下 写日记 给某人写信
5. d (v.aux.) (用于构成疑问句和否定句) (v.)做；干→ (过去式)
6. help (v.)帮助 (n.)帮助；援助 → (adj.)有用的；提供帮助的→ (adj.)无助的
帮助 (某人)分担工作、解决难题 在某人的帮助下
随便做 (或用)吧；请自便 帮助做某事 帮助某人做某事
情不自禁做某事 在某方面帮助 (某人)
7. knw (v.)知道，懂得→ (过去式)→→ (adj.)出名的
了解 因……而出名 作为……而出名
为……所熟知 据我所知
8. say (v.)说；讲→ (过去式)→ (n.)谚语；格言；警句
自言自语 据说…… 俗话说……；常言道……
9. that (prn.)那，那个 (指较远的人或事物)→ (pl.)那些
10. again (adv.)再 (次)，又 (一次) 多次；反复地 又一次；再一次
二．考点拓展
考点1.询问价格的句型
Hw much des the meal cst?
1.price 表示价格高低时,用high或lw
2.price还可意为“代价”。at the price f意为“以……为代价;以……的价格”。
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.这件裙子的价格是多少?
What is this dress?
2.新设计的汽车正在长春汽车博览会上展出。我想知道它多少钱。
The new-designed car is n shw in Changchun Aut Exp. I wnder
.
考点2.“What d yu think ”的用法
What d yu think f the stry?
1.“What d yu think ” 意为“你认为……怎么样?”, f后接名词、代词或动名词形式。用来询问对某人、某 事的印象、评价、看法等。类似的表达还有:
Hw d yu
Hw d yu feel
What d yu think
2.回答该句型时,多阐明自己的看法或表明自己喜欢的程度。 常会用到以下句型:
(1)I+lve/like/dn't like/can't stand+宾语;
(2)Pretty gd./It's fantastic.等表示观点、看法的句子。
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.——David,你觉得学习中文怎么样?
——事实上,我发现很难在短时间内学好中文。
—What d yu learning Chinese, David?
—Actually, I find it hard t learn Chinese well in a shrt time.
2.——关于电影《大雨》有一些不同的评论。你觉得怎么样?
——在我看来,这是一部优秀的电影。
—There are a few different kinds f reviews abut the film A Heavy Rain.
Hw it?
—In my pinin, it's an excellent film.
考点3.“Thank yu fr...”的用法
Thank yu fr yur advice.
1.“Thank yu fr...”意为“因……而感 谢你(们)”。fr为介词,后接名词或动名词,表示感谢的理由。
2.常用答语有:
Yu are welcme./It's my pleasure./Glad t help./N prblem./It's all right./Nt at all.
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.—Thank yu fr (help)me with my lessns.
—Yu are welcme!
2. (thank) fr lending me yur camera. I will return it t yu n time pretty sn.
考点4.与hw相关的疑问词组
Hw lng will the activity last?
用恰当的疑问词组填空。
1.—Tim, is yur hme frm ur schl?
—It's abut five minutes' walk.
2.— d yu g t the Science Club?
—Twice a week.
3.— have yu stayed in Kaiping?
—Fr a mnth.
4.— will he get well, Dctr?
—In abut a week, I think.
考点5.mean的用法
A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies t the west, where the sun sets.
mean既可以用作动词,也可以用作形容词,主要用法如下:
拓展
1.mean作形容词,意为“刻薄的;吝啬的”。
2.mean的名词形式为meaning,意为“意义;意思”。常见的与mean相关的句型:
What d yu mean d/des ... mean?=What's the meaning
3.meaningless adj.无意义的;meaningful adj.有意义的
用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.I mean (travel) t the beautiful city Lijiang during the cming summer vacatin.
2.—Be careful, my dear. A small mistake means (fail) the exam.
—OK. I will.
3.—I think success means (wrk) hard.
—I agree. S we shuld never give up easily.
4.If we mean (help) peple in need, we shuld find ut what they need mst.
5.If yu dn't understand the (mean) f the teacher's wrds, yu can just ask him t explain it nce again.
6.Nancy has never been (mean) with mney.
7.I dn't like the film, because it is (mean).
考点6.ask的用法
Yu can als ask yur friends t think abut it.
ask多用作动词,意为“询问;要求;请求”,主要用法搭配如下:
拓展
ask还可用于以下搭配:ask sb. fr help/advice向某人求助/征求意见;ask sb. t dinner请某人吃饭
根据汉语意思完成句子。
1.你应该要求Bb自己洗衣服。毕竟他现在十岁了。
Yu shuld Bb his wn clthes. After all, he is ten years ld nw.
2.当我们身处险境时,我们可以向警察求助。
We can the plice when we are in danger.
3.我可以问你一个问题吗?
May I yu ?
4.这件事你可以问李明。他会告诉你。
Yu can Li Ming it. He will tell yu.
三．语法考点
肯定句、否定句、疑问句及转化方法
考点一 陈述句的否定式
① be动词的否定式：在be动词后面直接加nt
如：I am a student. → I am nt a student.
He is reading. → He isn't reading.
They are wrking. → They are nt(aren't) wrking.
② 情态动词的否定式：在情态动词后面直接加nt
如：He can dance. → He can nt (can't) dance.
Yu shuld g t bed early. → Yu shuld nt (shuldn't) g t bed early.
③ 实义动词的否定式：在实义动词前加dn't、desn't或者didn't
如：I like pp music. →I d nt (dn't) like pp music.
He likes running. →He des nt (desn't) like running.
He went t the z yesterday. →He did nt (didn't) g t the z yesterday.
如：Mr. Hu is having a rest in his bedrm.（改为否定句）
→Mr. Hu is nt having a rest in his bedrm.
如：Li Lin listens t English n the radi every day. （改为否定句）
→Li Lin desn’t listen t English n the radi every day.
She had a great time at the party yesterday. （改为否定句）
→She didn’t have a great time at the party yesterday.
一、按要求写句子。
1. There's sme rice in the bwl.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
That is a kite.(改为复数句)
_____________________________________________________________________
This is a bk. It's my sister's.(将两句话合并成一句话)
_____________________________________________________________________
They did a lt f hmewrk at schl.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
I have sme bks in my backpack.(改为否定句)
_____________________________________________________________________
考点二 陈述句改为一般疑问句
1.一般疑问句
① 由be动词构成
如：I am a student. 我是一个学生。
—Are yu a student? 你是一个学生吗？
—Yes, I am. / N, I'm nt. 是的，我是。/ 不，我不是。
② 由实义动词构成的一般疑问句，在句首加助动词D，Des，Did(助动词的使用要与人称及时态一致)
如：I ften g t schl n ft. 我经常走路去上学。
—D yu ften g t schl n ft? 你经常走路去上学吗？
—Yes, I d. / N, I dn't. 是的，我经常走路上学。/ 不，我不走路去上学。
如：Mary likes playing the pian. 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴。
— Des Mary like playing the pian? 玛丽喜欢弹钢琴吗？
— Yes, she des. / N, she desn't. 是的，她喜欢。/ 不，她不喜欢。
如：She saw a beautiful picture yesterday. 她昨天看到了一张漂亮的图片。
— Did she see a beautiful picture yesterday? 她昨天看到了一张漂亮图片吗？
—Yes, she did. / N, she didn't. 是的，她看到了。/ 不，她没看到。
③ 含有情态动词的一般疑问句
如：I can play basketball. 我会打篮球。
— Can yu play basketball? 你会打篮球吗？
—Yes, I can. / N, I can't. 是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。
按要求写句子。
He is a teacher.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________________
Jim can help his mther with husewrk.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________________
This is a nice watch.(改为一般疑问句)
__________________________________________________________________
4.The newly-pened supermarket had smething n sale last Sunday.(改为一般疑问句)
the newly-pened supermarket anything n sale last Sunday?
考点三 特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是由疑问词提问的句子。疑问词包括疑问代词(what，which，whse，wh) 和疑问副词(where， when， why， hw 等) 。其基本结构是：疑问词+一般疑问句。
常见的疑问词以及提问方式有：
(1)What (什么)
This is a map. 这是一张地图。 (对划线部分提问) — What is this?
(2)Wh(谁)
This is my mther. 这是我的妈妈。(对划线部分提问) — Wh is this？
(3)When(什么时候)
I g t wrk at 8:00 every mrning. 我每天早上八点去上班。(对划线部分提问) —When d yu g t wrk？
(4)Hw(怎样)
Jim ges t schl by bus. 吉姆坐公车去学校。(对划线部分提问) —Hw des Jim g t schl?
(5)Which(哪一个)
The by in black is my brther. 穿黑色衣服的男孩是我哥哥。(对划线部分提问) —Which by is yur brther?
(6)Where (哪里)
I am ging t g t Beijing. 我将要去北京。(对划线部分提问) —Where are yu ging t g?
温馨提示：除了上述的常考点外，还有几个常见的特殊疑问句的用法。如：
What clr (询问颜色)Hw much (询问价格)Hw many (询问多少)
Hw ld ( 询问年龄)Hw lng (询问长短)Hw ften ( 询问频率)等。
对划线部分提问步骤：
就画线部分选择一个疑问词，并放在句首
去掉划线部分
把其余部分变成一般疑问句
一．
1. We d mrning exercises every day. (对画线部分提问)
_____________________________ yu __________ mrning exercises?
2. The hrse weighed 200g when it was brn. (对画线部分提问)
____________ was _________ ___________ f the hrse when it was brn?
3. Lucy is a quiet and shy girl.(对画线部分提问)
_________________________ is Lucy _____________________________?
4. He des his hmewrk every day.(对画线部分提问)
___________________ he ______ every day?
5. I live frm my schl abut 8 kilmeters. (对画线部分提问)
____________ ________________ yu __________ frm yur schl?
二．选择适当的疑问词完成对话。
when, what, wh, where, hw
1.- ____________are yu, Helen? -I'm fine, thank yu.
2.- ____________is that, Gina? -It's a map f China.
3.- ____________ is Kate's histry teacher? -Mrs. Miller.
4.- ____________is my hat? -It's n the sfa.
5.- ____________ is yur birthday party, Jenny?
-It's n Friday evening.
二、在横线上填入适当的单词完成对话，每空一词。
1.- ____________ ____________is Tim's ruler? -It's yellw.
2.- ____________ ____________is yur grandma, Cindy? -She is 88.
3.- ____________ ____________is the TV? -1,200 dllars. It's very nice.
4.- ____________ ____________playing sccer with us after class? －That sunds gd.
5.- ____________ ____________ have hamburgers fr lunch? -N, yu can't.
三、根据要求改写句子，每空一词。
1.What's the price f these scks? (改为同义句）
____________ ____________ ____________these scks?
2.Jane's dg is n the chair. (改为一般疑问句）
____________ ____________ ____________ n the chair?
3.The sccer star likes fruit and vegetables. （改为一般疑问句）
____________ the sccer star ____________ fruit and vegetables?
4.Grace has chicken and rice fr lunch. (对画线部分提问）
____________ ____________ Grace ____________ fr lunch?
5. Dale likes basketball because it's relaxing. （对画线部分提问）
____________ ____________ Dale____________ basketball?
四、句型转换
1. The children like games. (改为一般疑问句)
_______ the children _______ games?
2. My father is a dctr. (就画线部分提问)
_______ _______ yur father ?
3. I am eleven years ld. (改为特殊疑问句)
_______ _______ are yu?
4. Jim ges t schl by bike. (改为特殊疑问句)
_______ _______ Jim _______ t schl?
5. Mrs. White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问)
__________________________________________________
6. I live in the bedrm with my sister. (同义句)
I ________ the bedrm _________ my sister.
7. It takes me abut ne hur t d sme husewrk every day. (改为同义句)
I _______ abut ne hur ______ sme husewrk every day.
8. His rund glasses make him lk smart. （改同义句）
He ____________________ in his rund glasses.
四．写作考点
介绍家庭
亲爱的汤姆，
谢谢你的来信和你的家人的照片。这是一张不错的照片。我非常喜欢它。 现在让我告诉你我的家庭。我家有三个人。他们是我的父亲，我的母亲和我。这是我的全家福。这是我父亲。他是个工人。这是我妈妈。她是一名护士。这是我。我是一名中学生。我爱我的家人。祝你每天都感到快乐！
再见！
Dear Tm，






See yu sn!
做家务活
我的家庭有三个成员，我的父亲，我的母亲和我。
我父母都忙于工作，几乎没有时间做家务。所以我经常在家帮他们做家务，我经常在有空的时候帮他们做饭，洗碗，打扫房间，洗衣服。做家务不容易，有时我很累。但当我看到家里的一切都是干净整洁的时候，我总是很开心。我父母经常表扬我，但我经常告诉他们，我有责任在家里分担家务。
我分担的家务越多，我就越快乐。
Ding husewrk






The mre husewrk I share, the happier I am.
五．阅读拓展
一
Can sharks(鲨鱼)draw? Are they gd at drawing? Well, the answers can be “YES”! Sme time ag, a great white shark named Bretn shwed ff his drawing talent(天赋) by“ drawing” a picture f himself.
Bretn is abut fur meters lng. He was first tagged(给装追踪器) back in 2020.Frm then n, scientists have been keeping watching him.The tag helps scientists t study great white sharks and knw mre abut their habits.
Every time Bretn gets ut f the water lng enugh，scientists can knw the path(路线)he swims frm the tag. It seems that Bretn just swims t anywhere he wants t g. Once scientists sent a pht f Bretn's path n the Internet, peple gt quickly astnished. Bretn“ drew” a picture f himself during his jurney（旅程).Lk at the pht n the right and yu can see it clearly.
1.What des the writer intend （企图；想要）t d in the first paragraph____.
A. telling a stryB. giving examples
C. answering questinsD. telling the tpic
2.Scientists may have watched Bretn fr____ until nw.
A. mre than ten mnthsB. less than twelve mnths
C. abut tw t three yearsD. ver six years
3.When Bretn_____ ,the scientists can knw abut his swimming path.
A. gets fd frm the water
B. swims t anywhere he wants t g
C. draws a picture f himself
D. leaves the water lng enugh
4.What des the underlined wrd“ astnished” mean?
A. 悲伤的 B. 尴尬的 C. 惊讶的 D. 愉快的
5.What's the best title fr the passage?
A. A talented “artist”B. A friendly shark
C. A shark's swimming skillD. A shark's hbby
二
1 . Hwever, it is nt always easy fr children t make friends. Luckily, scientists make a special app t slve the prblem. The app is called Play: Date. 2
Parents in cuntries like the US and the UK can use this special app. They make nline prfiles(简介)fr their children thrugh writing sme infrmatin 3 . The app helps find children with similar（相似的)hbbies and then they can meet and play tgether. Sme parents say that it is the best chance(机会)t meet peple with similar hbbies.
4 If yu want t use it, yu must pay fr it. Nw abut 3,500 peple pay fr using the app. They can share stries and phts abut their children.
三
It's an exciting picture. The sun, the mn and seven ther planets f ur slar system(太阳系）stand side by side as a 1 （lve）family.
The picture was taken by Wang Zhipu, at the age f 15. And it helped 2 （he）win the tp prize(奖) in the Yung Cmpetitin categry at the Astrnmy Phtgrapher(天文摄影师）f the Year cmpetitin in 2021.
Wang lved lking up at the sky 3 he was a little kid. In Grade 8, he gt his 4 （ne）telescpe(望远镜）.“Astrphtgraphy needs lts f time and effrt(精力).Yu may need t take hundreds r even 5 （thusand）f phts, then make them ne picture," said Wang.
In 2019, Wang started t take pictures f Saturn and Jupiter. He always gt up 6（early）than thers in the mrning t get the best places. In 2020,he gt pictures f all the planets in the slar system.
“I tried three times 7 （take）the phts f Mercury. The first tw tries were nt gd because they were nt clear enugh,” said Wang. The 8 time he tk mre than 10,000 pictures f Mercury and 9 （chse）thusands f them t make.
"I didn't believe that I culd win the tp Prize," Wang said. “It encurages me t take 10 （gd）pictures in the future!”
疑问词组含义用法
hw ld多大提问年龄;答语为数词(+名词)
hw many多少提问数量,后跟可数名词复数;答语为数词(+名词)
hw much多少(钱)①提问数量,后跟不可数名词;答语为数词+名词;②提问价格;答语为数词+货币单位。③表示程度
hw far多远提问距离;答语为数词+名词
hw ften多久一次提问频率;答语为频度副词
hw lng多长时间提问持续的时间;答语用“fr+一段时间”或“since+过去的时间点”
hw sn多久提问将来的时间;答语用“in+一段时间”
A．It is fr children up t12 years ld.
B．Hwever, yu can't use this app fr free.
C. such as their language, age and hbbies
D. Everyne all has friends.
E．Friends are imprtant in ur life