黑龙江省大庆市2025年初中学业水平考试英语试题 附真题解析

这是一份黑龙江省大庆市2025年初中学业水平考试英语试题 附真题解析，共9页。试卷主要包含了Clze Test，Writing等内容，欢迎下载使用。
一、Reading Cmprehensin（本题15小题，每小题2分，共30分）
Chse the best answer accrding t the passage yu read.阅读短文，回答问题
We Chinese peple celebrate Arbr Day (a festival fr tree planting) every year n March 12. It brings us clser t each ther and t the wnders f nature. Many ther cuntries als celebrate trees with festivals and hlidays. But as yu will see, nt all f them fall in spring.
1．When d we Chinese celebrate Arbr Day?
A．On March 12.B．On March 20.
C．On April 12.D．On April 15.
2．Which cuntries celebrate tree festivals with dancing?
A．Peru and Mrcc.
B．Israel and Mrcc.
C．Peru and the United Kingdm.
D．The United Kingdm and Israel.
3．What d peple d in Israel fr the tree festival?
A．They celebrate a natural gift—almnds.
B．They cut trees dwn and plant new nes.
C．They make the trees beautiful with smething special.
D．They have a meal and make dnatins t rganizatins.
【答案】1．A
2．A
3．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍几个国家庆祝树木的节日的情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题一种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。
1．细节理解题。根据"We Chinese peple celebrate Arbr Day (a festival fr tree planting) every year n March 12."可知，我们中国人每年都会在3月12日庆祝植树节。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据"Peru ... Cuples take turns dancing arund a small tree."和"Mrcc ... Peple dance, sing and tell stries until late int the night."可知，秘鲁人会围着小树跳舞，摩洛哥人在杏花节上也会跳舞。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据"Israel ... This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January r February. Tree plantings are held in schls and hmes. The celebratin usually begins at sunset and lasts till the fllwing day. Many peple als make dnatins (捐赠) t rganizatins that wrk t plant trees in Israel."可知，以色列的树木新年里，人们会一起用餐，还会向植树组织捐款。故选D。
阅读短文，回答问题
This summer, the students in ur class were required t give a presentatin (演示活动) n traditinal Chinese culture in English. As a girl wh is very interested in Chinese tea culture, I immediately suggested it as the tpic fr my grup. My team members reached an agreement because we cnsidered this tpic easy t win the cmpetitin and I was chsen as the grup leader.
When I was tld that the best team in my grade wuld have the chance t act at ur schl's Freign Language Festival, the strng wish t shine at the festival pushed me t wrk harder. T imprve the quality f the presentatin, I added sme special art frms. Als, as the leader f the whle team, I had t plan everything and, as instructed, keep it t five minutes. I did what I culd t rganize ur presentatin.
While I was preparing fr the presentatin, I learned much mre abut Chinese tea culture. I came t realise that my understanding f it was nt enugh. "Tea culture, with its special magic and lng histry, lights the way fr us mdern peple t return t nature and find inner (内心的) peace."
As the presentatin ended, I fund that it was the magic f tea culture, nt the presentatin itself, that truly attracted me. Thrugh this event, I understd that Chinese tea culture is mre than a tpic, but a symbl f the ancient stries waiting fr us t further explre. By explring the traditin, I ended up finding a sense f inner peace.
4．What is the writer's presentatin abut?
A．Teamwrk.B．Presentatin skills.
C．Chinese tea culture.D．Ancient stries.
5．Why did the writer wrk harder fr the presentatin?
A．T be the leader f the whle team.
B．T keep the presentatin t five minutes.
C．T add sme special art frms t the presentatin.
D．T shine at the schl's Freign Language Festival.
6．What did the writer realise when preparing fr the presentatin?
A．Her understanding f tea culture was deep.
B．Tea culture helps peple find inner peace.
C．Mdern peple dislike returning t nature.
D．Her preparatin fr the presentatin was nt enugh.
7．What d we knw abut the writer frm the text?
A．She is strange and serius.
B．She is hnest and helpful.
C．She likes t explre and think.
D．She likes t push thers t wrk.
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．B
7．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者主动探索茶文化并在准备过程中深入思考其意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题以及推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
4．细节理解题。根据"As a girl wh is very interested in Chinese tea culture, I immediately suggested it as the tpic fr my grup."可知，作为一个对中国茶文化非常感兴趣的女孩，我立刻提议将此作为我们小组的研究主题。故选C。
5．细节理解题。根据"When I was tld that the best team in my grade wuld have the chance t act at ur schl's Freign Language Festival, the strng wish t shine at the festival pushed me t wrk harder."可知，当得知我们年级最优秀的团队将有机会在我们学校的外语节上表演时，想要在节会上大放异彩的强烈愿望促使我更加努力地练习。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据"By explring the traditin, I ended up finding a sense f inner peace."可知，茶文化帮助人们找到内心的平静。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据"but a symbl f the ancient stries waiting fr us t further explre."以及"I learned much mre abut Chinese tea culture"可知，全文体现她主动探索茶文化，并在准备过程中深入思考其意义。故选C。
阅读短文，回答问题
There are many ways t avid fd waste. Fr example, we culd buy nly what we need r d nt rder mre fd than we can finish. But the French city f Clmar has a mre creative idea. In 2015, it started handing ut free chickens t its peple.
Then-mayr (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a prject "ne family, ne hen" and put it int practice by starting t wrk with tw chicken farms. He tld the lcal peple that the benefit f raising a chicken wuld be seen quickly. At first, mre than 200 hmes tk part. Each family was given tw chickens after prmising t take gd care f chickens. Later, the prject turned ut t be a big success. Over the years, mre hmes have jined in.
Up t nw, the gvernment has given mre than five thusand chickens t hmes. But dn't think f raising the chickens just fr free eggs. This act has als generated psitive effects n envirnment. The chickens are fed n what is left in a meal, and fd waste has been therefre greatly reduced. "A chicken lives up t fur years n average and eats abut 54.75 kg f fd waste every year," said Gilbert.
There's a deeper reasn fr the effrt. Fd waste ges bad quickly and causes mre methane (甲烷) than any ther type f waste. The gas has a greater lng-term glbal warming effect than CO2. Tday, arund a third f the wrld's fd is wasted every year. That makes up 8 t 10 percent f glbal greenhuse gas emissins (排放). It's wrth the effrt t save as much fd as pssible frm ging t waste.
8．What prject did Gilbert Meyer think f?
A．One family, ne hen.B．Wrk n chicken farms.
C．Buy nly what we need.D．Mre chickens, mre happiness.
9．What's the meaning f the underlined wrd "generated" in Paragraph 3?
A．Fught.B．Imagined.C．Prduced.D．Discussed.
10．Hw many kilgrams f fd waste des a chicken prbably eat in 4 years?
A．54.75.B．109.5.C．164.25.D．219.
11．What can be the best title fr the text?
A．Chickens fr Free Eggs.B．Effrts t Recycle Waste.
C．Fd Waste Grwing Mre.D．Chickens against Fd Waste.
【答案】8．A
9．C
10．D
11．D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和标题选择题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做标题选择题时，注意关注首尾句，首尾句往往包含段落或文章的核心信息，是判断标题是否准确的重要依据。利用关键词，文章中的关键词汇、短语或句子往往与标题有紧密联系，可以通过关键词汇的匹配来缩小选择范围。语境理解，理解文章的整体语境和作者的态度倾向，有助于准确把握文章的主旨和标题的选择方向。
8．细节理解题。根据"Then-mayr (时任市长) Gilbert Meyer came up with a prject ‘ne family, ne hen'"可知，吉尔伯特·迈耶提出"一个家庭，一只母鸡"项目。故选A。
9．词义猜测题。根据"But dn't think f raising the chickens just fr free eggs. This act has als generated psitive effects n envirnment."可知，不要仅仅将这些鸡用于获取免费鸡蛋，这一举措还对环境……了积极影响。结合上下文，养鸡通过消化食物垃圾减少了浪费，说明该行动"产生"了效果。故选C。
10．细节理解题。根据"A chicken lives up t fur years n average and eats abut 54.75 kg f fd waste every year"可知，一只鸡的平均寿命约为四年，每年会消耗约54.75千克的厨余垃圾，所以4年大约消耗219千克。故选D。
11．标题选择题。全文核心是法国科尔马市通过分发鸡解决食物浪费问题，选项D"鸡对抗食物浪费"符合主题，故选D。
阅读短文，回答问题
China has made sme changes in its fd labels (标签) recently and three f them have becme a heated tpic.
T begin with, the gvernment requires fd labels shuld be made easier and clearer t read. Infrmatin, such as sugar, salt and unhealthy fats in their prducts, shuld be clearly included n the label. By ding s, the gvernment hpes this will encurage healthier eating habits amng peple. At the same time, it is required that cmmn allergens (过敏原) shuld be included n the label as well, which will pssibly help peple avid risks.
Anther new requirement is that labels such as "n additives (添加剂)" r "zer additives" shuld n lnger be allwed. The gvernment says labels like these have already led shppers t believe that a prduct is healthy when it is in fact nt. Take a famus fd cmpany as an example. In rder t increase sales, the label "zer additives" was added t its prducts, prving there were n harmful things. Hwever, recently the label has been questined. Tests have fund small amunts f harmful additives in its prducts. Many peple came t believe the "zer" label was just a marketing lie.
The use f digital labels is als wrth nticing. Cmpanies are being advised t have QR cdes (二维码) included n fd labels. This allws custmers t get mre infrmatin abut the prduct. This is helpful fr peple wh want t learn mre abut what they are eating. Mre than 400 prducts have already used this smart labeling system.
Fd safety has always been amng tp cares fr every Chinese. By making these changes in fd labels, China hpes t help peple make healthier and safer fd chices.
12．What can we learn frm Paragraph 2?
A．Fd prducers refuse changes in fd labels.
B．Fd labels are required t be easier and clearer.
C．Healthier eating habits will encurage clearer labels.
D．Changes in fd labels are mainly abut cmmn allergens.
13．Why is a fd cmpany mentined in Paragraph 3?
A．T intrduce the fd cmpany t shppers.
B．T shw the fd cmpany's changes in fd labels.
C．T prve that sme labels can wrngly lead shppers.
D．T cmpare "zer additives" labels with digital nes.
14．Hw des the writer develp the text? (P1 stands fr paragraph 1.)
A．B．
C．D．
15．In which part f a magazine can we prbably read the text?
A．Fd and health.B．Medical research.
C．Technlgy prgress.D．Language and literature.
【答案】12．B
13．C
14．B
15．A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论食品安全和健康问题，旨在帮助人们做出更健康、更安全的食品选择。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题，篇章结构题和文章出处题四种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做篇章结构题时，首先，快速浏览文章标题、开头和结尾，以及段落间的过渡句，以判断文章的体裁（如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文等）。每种体裁都有其独特的结构和语言特点。例如，议论文通常包含引言、论点、论据和结论；说明文则侧重于解释和说明某一事物或现象。了解不同体裁文章的常见结构，如"问题-解决"、"原因-结果"、"比较-对比"等。识别文章中各段落的作用，如引言段引出话题，主体段展开论述，结论段总结观点。抓住主题句，段落中的首句或末句往往是该段的主题句，概括了段落的主要内容。提炼信息，若无明显主题句，则需通过提炼段落中的关键词、短语来概括大意。把握文章脉络，通过识别连接词，可以更好地理解文章的逻辑结构和作者的写作思路。整体把握，篇章结构题往往要求考生从整体上把握文章，因此要注意段落间、句子间的联系。做文章出处题时，要仔细阅读全文，把握文章的主旨大意、核心观点及主要事实，提炼信息，注意文章涉及的主题、领域、观点倾向等，这些信息往往能反映文章的来源。分析文章风格，识别语言特点，注意文章的语言风格，如正式、非正式、学术性、通俗性等，这有助于判断文章可能出自的媒体类型。观察结构，文章的篇章结构、段落安排也能反映其出处。通过逻辑推理与综合分析，并在理解文章内容、分析文章风格、查找关键词的基础上，运用逻辑推理能力，综合考虑各种因素，推断出文章的可能出处。
12．细节理解题。根据"T begin with, the gvernment requires fd labels shuld be made easier and clearer t read."可知，政府要求食品标签应设计得更简洁、更易于阅读。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据"The gvernment says labels like these have already led shppers t believe that a prduct is healthy when it is in fact nt."可知，第三段提到某公司为吸引顾客而印上"零添加剂"字样，却被检测出含有少量有害添加剂，说明这类标签可能误导消费者。故选C。
14．篇章结构题。图示：总分结构，P1总起，P2-4分述三点变化。 文章采用总分结构：第一段总述中国食品标签的三点变化引发热议，随后三段分别详细说明三点变化（标签清晰化、禁止误导性标注、推广数字标签）。因此，选项B的图示正确反映了文章结构。故选B。
15．文章出处题。文章围绕食品标签改革展开，核心目的是帮助人们做出更健康、安全的饮食选择，与"食品与健康"主题高度契合。其他选项（医学研究、技术进步、语言文学）与内容无关。故选A。
二、Cmplete the Passage（本题5小题，每小题1分，共5分）
Chse the sentences t cmplete the passage.阅读还原
Why d Fish Travel in Schls (群)?
Have yu ever seen fish swimming tgether in a schl? It's quite an amazing sight! They mve tgether, turning and changing directins at the same time. It makes yu wnder: 16． In fact, the answer is n. Each fish finds its wn directin. Researchers Gerge Lauder frm Harvard University and Yangfan Zhang have studied this fr a lng time. Nw, they have discvered that fish can save a lt f energy by schling.
In the experiment, the tw researchers put giant dani, a fish that likes t swim in schls, in a tank (水箱). 17． Other times, they put just ne fish in. As we all knw, by measuring (测量) hw much O2 peple use when exercising, we can knw hw much energy peple use. The methd als ges fr fish. 18．
The results were interesting and clear. Schling fish used less O2 than thse swimming alne. And they tk less time t becme energetic again. 19． The researchers repeated this experiment five times t make sure the results were right. By schling, fish can save energy fr ther imprtant things, says Frank Fish frm West Chester University. 20． Fr adults, they can use the saved energy t have babies r t stay away frm animals that want t eat them.
S, next time yu see fish swimming in schls, yu'll knw it's nt just a beautiful sight—it's als a smart living skill fr them.
【答案】16．B；17．E；18．G；19．D；20．F
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍鱼为何会成群游动。备选项的中文意思：
A. 它们为什么成群结队地游泳呢？
B. 有谁在指挥它们如何游动吗？
C. 鱼群中的成年鱼什么都不怕。
D. 换句话说，它们在更短的时间内充满了活力。
E. 有时，研究人员一次会把八条鱼放进一个水箱里。
F. 例如，幼鱼可以将节省下来的能量用于生长。
G. 因此，研究人员使用一种特殊的机器来测量鱼在游泳时消耗了多少氧气。
【点评】考查任务型阅读（阅读还原）。解题技巧如下：1. 看首段，跳过空格快速通读全篇，了解文章大意。首段的末句一般是全文的主题所在，首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义。2. 首先快速浏览一遍几个备选答案，先确定哪个选项适合放在文章的什么位置。3. 精读空格前后两句，利用各种衔接手段选择正确的选项填入空格。阅读还原空出的是整个句子，而这些句子与句子之间，必然有一种联系，因此我们可以通过选项中某个名词或动词跟空前或空后的一致性或者相关性来确定这两个句子之间有一种关联性，从而选择正确的答案。考查对上下文的理解及推理判断能力。4. 看选项，找出与空前空后句中心词同义，近义或相关性的词语。实现关键词的对接，先易后难，各个突破。此外要通过句子的逻辑关系或句子的标点来判断该句在文章的位置。5. 解题的关键是能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。尤其要注意代词，连词等。如表示转折关系的but，thugh, hwever 等。6. 做完后，通读全文。将所选项放入空白处，通读一遍，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。
16．根据"It makes yu wnder: ... In fact, the answer is n. Each fish finds its wn directin."可知，鱼群同步游动令人好奇，后文直接否定"事实上，答案是否定的。每条鱼自己找方向。"选项B"有谁在指挥它们如何游动吗？"符合语境，故选B。
17．根据"In the experiment, the tw researchers put giant dani, a fish that likes t swim in schls, in a tank (水箱). ... Other times, they put just ne fish in."可知，有时研究人员一次放八条鱼。这直接补充"有时"的细节，与"其他时间只放一条鱼"形成对比。选项E"有时，研究人员一次会把八条鱼放进一个水箱里。"符合语境，故选E。
18．根据"As we all knw, by measuring (测量) hw much O2 peple use when exercising, we can knw hw much energy peple use. The methd als ges fr fish."可知，通过测量人们在运动时消耗的氧气量，我们就能知道他们消耗了多少能量。这种方法同样适用于鱼类。选项G"因此，研究人员使用一种特殊的机器来测量鱼在游泳时消耗了多少氧气。"符合语境，故选G。
19．根据"And they tk less time t becme energetic again."可知，它们恢复精力所需的时间也更短了。选项D"换句话说，它们在更短的时间内充满了活力。"符合语境，故选D。
20．根据"Fr adults, they can use the saved energy t have babies r t stay away frm animals that want t eat them."可知，鱼群可节省能量用于重要事情，后文具体说成年鱼用于繁殖或逃避捕食者。选项F"例如，幼鱼可以将节省下来的能量用于生长。"符合语境，故选F。
三、Clze Test（本题10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
Chse the best answer t cmplete the passage.完形填空
Amy is a 15-year-ld girl. When she was yung, she was always wasting 21． getting prepared t d her tasks, instead f ding them at nce.
One mrning, Amy was playing in the village and met Mr Thrntn. Mr Thrntn had a 22． where he sld fruits f all kinds. He said t Amy, "Well, Amy, I 23． sme fine ripe (成熟的) strawberries n Mr Green's farm tday. He said that anybdy was welcme t pick them. I will 24． 13 cents a kilgram fr all yu pick fr me." Amy was 25． abut the thught f making sme mney t help her mm. S she quickly ran hme t get a basket t hld the strawberries.
When she gt back hme, she wuld like t knw hw much mney she wuld get if she picked five kilgrams. 26． she fund ut that she wuld get 65 cents, she started t dream big, "If I pick twelve kilgrams, hw much shuld I make then?" "Dear me!" she 27． happily, after thinking fr a while, "I can make a dllar and fifty-six cents!" It tk her sme time t dream 28． . And then it was s near lunchtime that she had t stay at hme until the afternn.
As sn as lunch was ver, she tk her basket and hurried t the farm. She culd nt find half a kilgram t 29． her basket because sme bys had been there befre lunch, and all the ripe strawberries were picked. Then she 30． what her teacher ften tld her: "D yur task at nce; then think abut it. One der is wrth 100 dreamers."
21．A． mneyB． timeC． fdD． paper
22．A． kitchenB． factryC． streD． theatre
23．A． hidB． brkeC． sweptD． saw
24．A． lendB． payC． layD． waste
25．A． calmB． excitedC． patientD． plite
26．A． ThughB． UnlessC． AfterD． Befre
27．A． jumpedB． passedC． escapedD． replied
28．A． lngerB． harderC． fasterD． bigger
29．A． fillB． repairC． drpD． cntrl
30．A． threw awayB． depended n
C． thught fD． lked fr
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．D；28．D；29．A；30．C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了总是在想应该做什么，但是行动却跟不上的女孩艾米。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。一些实用的解题策略如下。一、通读全文，把握大意。在开始答题之前，应先通读全文，了解文章的主题和大致内容。这样有助于理解作者的意图，把握文章的整体思路，为后续的填空选择提供正确的方向。二、仔细分析，逐一排查。对于每一个空，要仔细分析所给的选项，逐一排查，选出最符合文意的答案。通常情况下，完形填空中会有几个空白需要填写形容词、副、名词等，要注意所填的词要与句子前后内容相符。三、结合上下文，理解语义。有时候仅从一个空所在的句子很难确定正确的答案，这时需要结合上下文，理解整体的语义环境。通过对前后的语境分析，确定一个合理的答案。四、注意语法结构。完形填空中涉及的语法知识较多，如时态、语态、词性等。在选择答案时，要仔细考虑语法结构是否正确。
21．句意：在她年幼时，总是会把大量时间花在准备完成任务上，而不是直接去完成任务。mney金钱；time时间；fd食物；paper纸张。根据"When she was yung, she was always wasting... getting prepared t d her tasks, instead f ding them at nce."可知，艾米总是会把大量时间花在准备完成任务上，故选B。
22．句意：桑顿先生有一家商店，里面出售各种各样的水果。kitchen厨房；factry工厂；stre商店；theatre剧院。根据"where he sld fruits f all kinds"可知，商店里面出售各种各样的水果，故选C。
23．句意：艾米，今天我在格林先生的农场里看到了一些非常成熟的草莓。hid隐藏； brke打破； swept打扫； saw看到。 根据"I sme fine ripe (成熟的) strawberries"可知，看到了一些非常成熟的草莓，故选D。
24．句意： 我会按每公斤13美分的价格收购你采摘的所有果实。lend借出； pay支付； lay放置； waste浪费。 根据"I will 13 cents a kilgram fr all yu pick fr me." 可知，会按每公斤13美分的价格收购，此处是pay... fr...。 故选B。
25．句意：艾米对于能通过自己的努力赚些钱来帮助妈妈这件事感到非常兴奋。calm平静的； excited兴奋的； patient耐心的； plite礼貌的。 根据"Amy was abut the thught f making sme mney t help her mm." 可知，艾米对于能通过自己的努力赚些钱来帮助妈妈这件事感到非常兴奋。 故选B。
26．句意：在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她开始大胆地畅想："如果我采摘12公斤，那我能赚多少钱呢？ "Thugh 虽然；Unless除非；After在……之后；Befre在……之前。根据" fund ut that she wuld get 65 cents, she started t dream big"可知，在得知自己能拿到65美分之后，她开始大胆地畅想，故选C。
27．句意： "天哪！"经过一番思考后，她兴奋地回答道"我能赚到一美元五十六美分！ "jumped跳跃；passed经过；escaped逃跑；replied回答。根据" "I can make a dllar and fifty-six cents! "可知，此处表示她回答。故选D。
28．句意： 花了她一些时间开始更长的畅想。lnger更久； harder更努力； faster更快； bigger更大。根据前文"she started t dream big"可知，是更大胆的畅想，故选D。
29．句意：她连半公斤的草莓都找不到来装满她的篮子，因为午餐前有一些男孩已经来过这里了，所有的成熟草莓都被摘光了。fill装满； repair修理； drp掉落； cntrl控制。 根据"She culd nt find half a kilgram basket"可知，她连半公斤的草莓都找不到来装满她的篮子，故选A。
30．句意： 随后，她想起了老师常对她说的话："立刻完成任务，然后再思考一下。 一个实干者胜过一百个空想者。 "threw away扔掉；depended n依赖；thught f想起；lked fr寻找。根据"Then her teacher ften tld her:"可知，她想起了老师常对她说的话，故选C。
四、Grammatical Filling（本题10小题，每小题2分，共20分）
Fill in each blank with a prper frm f the wrd given r a prper wrd.语法填空
Hi, my yung friends! I am Beijing-Zhangjiaku Railway. Here I am writing t share my stry with yu.
I was brn in 1909. I am 116 years ld nw. My 31． (build) was Zhan Tianyu, a brave and smart man. He believed China shuld build its wn railway 32． ther cuntries' help. S he built me, China's first self-built railway. At first, my trains used steam (蒸汽).Their tp speed was nly 35 km/h. Then, the trains 33． (start) t use diesel (柴油). Later, there were even better trains that used electricity. It tk 34． (simple) three hurs t finish the trip.
In 2020, the new high-speed railway pened n December 30. I was s 35． (please).Peple nly needed t spend 47 minutes 36． (travel) frm Beijing t Zhangjiaku. During the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics, Beijing and Zhangjiaku, the tw hst 37． (city) fr the event, welcmed lts f peple frm arund the wrld. The railway played 38． imprtant rle.
Althugh I am t ld 39． (keep) wrking these days, peple will keep me as part f histry. I am a little sad, 40． still prud f all the achievements that China has made in the past few years. Zhan Tianyu must be prud, t.
【答案】31．builder；32．withut；33．started；34．simply；35．pleased；36．traveling；37．cities；38．an；39．t keep；40．but
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇以拟人化自述形式呈现的教育性历史叙事文，文章以北京——张家口铁路的口吻介绍一些信息。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及名词，介词，时态，副词，形容词，非谓语动词，冠词以及连词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。语法填空实用解题策略如下。一、分析句子结构。在面对语法填空题时，首先要做的是分析句子的结构。观察句子中的主语、谓语、宾语等主要成分，以及是否有从句、非谓语动词等复杂结构。通过理解句子结构，可以更好地把握填空处所需的词性和功能。二、确定词性变化。根据句子结构和语境，确定填空处所需的词性。然后，根据语法规则，考虑所需的词性是否需要进行变化，如名词的单复数、动词的时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级等。确保所填词汇在语法上与句子其他部分相匹配。三、牢记固定搭配。英语中存在大量的固定搭配和短语，这些搭配在语法填空题中经常出现。因此，需要牢记常见的固定搭配和短语，以便在解题时能够迅速识别并正确填空。四、注意时态语态。时态和语态是英语语法填空的重要考点。在解题时，要注意根据句子的语境和上下文，判断所需动词的时态和语态。同时，也要注意时态和语态的一致性，确保所填词汇与句子的时态和语态相符。五、理解上下文语境。语境对于语法填空题的解答至关重要。通过理解句子的上下文，可以更好地理解填空处所需的词汇和语法结构。因此，在解题时，要仔细阅读句子的前后文，把握句子的整体意义，以便更好地填空。
31．句意：我的建造者是詹天佑，他是一位勇敢且聪明的人。build，建立，动词。空处为句子的主语，空处表示"建造者"，builder，可数名词，根据主谓一致原则以及was可知，主语应用其单数形式。故填builder。
32．句意：他认为中国应该在没有其他国家帮助的情况下独立修建自己的铁路。根据"He believed China shuld build its wn cuntries' help."可知，他认为中国应该在没有其他国家帮助的情况下独立修建自己的铁路，故空处表示"没有"，withut，介词，符合语境。故填withut。
33．句意：随后，火车开始使用柴油作为动力。start，开始，动词。空处为句子的谓语，结合上下文语境可知，此处陈述过去发生的动作，故谓语时态为一般过去时，应用其过去式。故填started。
34．句意：整个旅程只需三个小时就能完成。simple，简单的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰动词tk，应用其副词形式。故填simply。
35．句意：我非常高兴。please，请/使高兴/使满意，动词。空处在句中做表语，空处表示"高兴的"，pleased，符合语境。故填pleased。
36．句意：人们从北京到张家口只需花费47分钟。travel，旅行，动词。此处表示"花时间做某事"，
spend time ding sth，固定短语，符合语境，故空处应用其动名词形式。故填travelling/
traveling。
37．句意：在2022年北京冬奥会期间，作为此次赛事的两个主办城市，北京和张家口迎来了众多来自世界各地的游客。city，城市，可数名词。tw修饰可数名词复数，故填cities。
38．句意：这条铁路发挥了重要作用。固定短语 "play an imprtant rle"（发挥重要作用），"imprtant" 以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词 "an"故填an。
39．句意：虽然如今我年纪太大，无法再继续工作了，但人们仍将我铭记于心，将我视为历史的一部分。keep，保持/保留/遵守，动词。根据"Althugh I am t these days"可知，此处是"太……而不能"。故填t keep。
40．句意：我感到有些难过，但同时也很为中国的过去几年所取得的成就感到骄傲。前文 "I am a little sad"（我有点难过）与后文 "still prud"（仍然自豪）存在转折关系，需用转折连词 "but" 连接，故填but。
五、Reading Expressin（本题5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
阅读补充句子
The Secret t Enjying a Hbby
Last summer, fr the first time in my adult life, I started a new hbby: yga (瑜伽). My gal was just t relax after a tiring wrking day in a healthy way. I never tried t remember the names f all the different mves. Every mrning, I'd just find a place at the back f the class and cpy the persn in frnt f me. With n pressure t becme better at it, I stuck t the hbby.
But fr many peple, sticking t a hbby can bring much pressure. One study shws that the average lifespan (有效期) f a hbby is 16 mnths. One leading reasn fr this is the strng wish t be excellent at the hbby. Many times, I have heard peple express their wishes t run. But befre lng, they begin t think abut prving themselves, like winning a place in a half-marathn (半程马拉松). The idea f training fr a half-marathn, hwever, may stp them frm sticking t the hbby.
Many f us are already under great pressure in ur wrk. Then why nt see ur hbbies just fr fun? Experts say that having a hbby just fr fun nt nly makes it mre enjyable; it can als be a big win fr the mind. We can calm ur "thinking mind" while we just fcus n an interesting hbby. There is n pressure f success r failure. Pick up r put dwn hbbies as yu like.
Nw I am thinking abut taking up anther hbby—skating—and hping t get mre laughs than wunds frm this cl sprt!
Use wrds with prper meanings and grammatical rules t fill in the blanks.
(Only ne wrd fr ne blank.)
41．Last summer, I started ding yga just t after a wrking day in a healthy way.
42．One study shws that the lifespan f a hbby is 16 mnths and ne main is their strng wish t be excellent.
43．Experts say that having a hbby just fun nt nly makes it mre enjyable but als has a big win fr the .
44．We can ur "thinking mind" while we just fcus n an interesting hbby and I hpe t get mre laughs wunds frm skating.
45．What d yu think is the secret t enjying a hbby?
【答案】41．relax；tiring
42．average；reasn
43．fr；mind
44．calm；than
45．Seeing hbbies just fr fun.
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍享受爱好的秘诀。
【点评】考查阅读补充句子。阅读补充句子旨在检验学生对文章的理解能力、语法掌握程度以及词汇运用能力。注意：
1.仔细阅读全文。 在开始答题前，务必先通读全文，理解文章的主旨和上下文关系。这有助于把握句子的背景和语境，从而更准确地选择答案。
2.分析句子结构。识别句子的主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分，这有助于理解句子的主要意思和逻辑关系。 注意句子中可能存在的从句、短语和特殊结构，它们可能包含重要的信息或线索。
3.注意一致性。代词和名词的一致性：确保所选答案中的代词与前文提到的名词在单复数、性、数等方面保持一致。时态和语态的一致性：根据上下文确定所需的时态和语态，并确保所选答案与之一致。
4. 逻辑推理。当答案不明显时，需要根据上下文和常识进行逻辑推理。通过上下文的线索和逻辑关系，推断出答案中缺失的内容。
41．根据"Last summer, fr the first time in my adult life, I started a new hbby: yga (瑜伽). My gal was just t relax after a tiring wrking day in a healthy way."可知，把瑜伽当爱好的初衷只是在辛苦的工作日结束后，能以一种健康的方式放松身心。故填relax；tiring。
42．根据"One study shws that the average lifespan (有效期) f a hbby is 16 mnths. One leading reasn fr this is the strng wish t be excellent at the hbby."可知，一项研究表明，一项爱好活动的平均持续时间约为16个月。造成这一现象的一个主要原因是人们有着强烈的愿望想要在该爱好方面做到出色。故填average；reasn。
43．根据"Experts say that having a hbby just fr fun nt nly makes it mre enjyable; it can als be a big win fr the mind."可知，专家们表示，仅仅出于乐趣而拥有的爱好不仅会让其更具趣味性，而且对大脑也有很大的益处。故填fr；mind。
44．根据"We can calm ur ‘thinking mind' while we just fcus n an interesting hbby."和"Nw I am thinking abut taking up anther hbby—skating—and hping t get mre laughs than wunds frm this cl sprt!"可知，我们可以暂时放空"思考大脑"，全身心投入到一项有趣的爱好中去。我希望通过滑冰能收获更多的欢笑，而非受伤。故填calm；than。
45．开放性试题，答案言之有理即可，注意字数要求。参考答案为Seeing hbbies just fr fun.
六、Writing（15分）
46． 假定你是红星中学的学生小娜，毕业在即，学校摄影社团拟制作"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频，现面向全体同学征集拍摄建议。请你用英语写一封邮件，对视频录制内容提出建议。
写作提示：1. 校园之美：校园风景、建筑等；
2. 温暖瞬间：老师耐心答疑、真诚帮助等；
同学间讨论问题、互帮互助等；
3. 成长祝福：……
参考词汇：sht a vide（拍摄视频） campus scenery（校园风景）
explain questins patiently（耐心答疑） express sincere wishes（表达真诚的祝福）
写作要求：1. 必须包含所有提示信息，可适当添加细节，使行文连贯；
2. 写作词数应为90个左右（首段已给出，不计入总词数）；
3. 不得泄露个人信息。
Dear Phtgraphy Club,
I am Xia Na. Knwing that yur club is cllecting advice abut ur graduatin vide, I am writing t ffer my suggestins.
Yurs,
Xia Na
【答案】One pssible versin:
Dear Phtgraphy Club，
I am Xia Na. Knwing that yur club is cllecting advice abut ur graduatin vide，I am writing t ffer my suggestins.
First，the vide shuld shw the beauty f ur campus，like the lvely garden and the grand teaching buildings. Then，it can include warm mments. Fr example，teachers explain questins patiently t students and sincerely help them. Als，classmates discuss prblems tgether and help each ther. Finally，we can express sincere wishes fr ur grwth. We can recrd students and teachers saying gd wishes fr the future. I hpe these suggestins are helpful. Yurs，
Xia Na
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以红星中学学生小娜的身份写一份电子邮件给学校摄影社团，对主题为"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频的录制内容提供建议。写作背景：小娜学校的摄影社团就主题为"成长印记·青春映像"毕业纪念视频的录制内容向全体同学征集拍摄建议。内容包括：1. 阐述写作目的；2. 提供视频录制的具体建议（从校园之美、温暖瞬间、成长祝福等方面阐述）；3. 表达被采纳的期望。注意：1. 时态为一般现在时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数为90个左右。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：1. 高分句子： Knwing that yur club is cllecting advice abut ur
graduatin vide，I am writing t ffer my suggestins. （运用了现在分词作状语以及动词不定式做目的状语）； We can recrd students and teachers saying gd wishes fr the future. （运用了现在分词作宾语补足语）；I hpe these suggestins are helpful.（运用了省略了that引导的宾语从句）。2. 亮点词汇：fr example例如；help each ther相互帮助。Peru
Yunsa is a celebratin f new life at the end f the lcal carnival (狂欢节). Cuples take turns dancing arund a small tree. After that, they cut it dwn. This stands fr a new beginning. Fllwing an ancient traditin, peple then plant a yung tree in the place f the ld ne.
The United Kingdm
The British celebrate Natinal Tree Week at the start f the tree-planting seasn in Nvember. They als celebrate Natinal Tree Dressing Day n the first weekend in December. On that day, they have smething beautiful and special hung in the trees.
Mrcc
Thusands f trees in the twn f Tafraute prduce many f Mrcc's almnds (杏仁).T celebrate this natural gift, Tafraute hsts the Almnd Blssm Festival every year. The date f the event depends n when the trees flwer. Peple dance, sing and tell stries until late int the night.
Israel
Tu BiShvat is knwn t peple in Israel. It means "New Year f the Trees". This festival is usually celebrated with a meal in January r February. Tree plantings are held in schls and hmes. The celebratin usually begins at sunset and lasts till the fllwing day. Many peple als make dnatins (捐赠) t rganizatins that wrk t plant trees in Israel.
A. Why d they swim in a schl?
B. Is there smene directing them hw t mve?
C. Adult fish in a schl are nt afraid f anything.
D. In ther wrds, they were full f energy in a shrter time.
E. Smetimes, the researchers put eight fish in a tank at a time.
F. Fr example, yung fish can put the saved energy int grwth.
G. S researchers used a special machine t measure hw much O2 fish used when swimming.