浙江省杭州市西湖区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份浙江省杭州市西湖区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中考试英语试卷（解析版），共40页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分听力 （略）
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
Many successful peple write bks, allwing peple t read the stries f their failures and victries and t learn frm their mistakes and achievements. Maybe yu will find smething fr yurself in these bks.
Business @ the Speed f Thught
by Bill Gates
In the bk published in 1999, Gates predicted that business wuld change mre in the next ten years than in the last 50 years. Did this predictin cme true? Well, yes, it did and that is a great reasn t reread this bk. In this bk, Bill Gates shares his knwledge abut successful business principles and teaches hw t use mdern infrmatin technlgies crrectly. He prvides persnal examples frm his business, making this bk even mre interesting.
Buffett’s Bites
by Warren Buffet
Warren Buffet has made mre than $50 billin due t successful investments. In this bk, he shws his business crrespndence (来往信件) with his partners and investrs starting frm 1957. His glden rule f cmmunicating with investrs is t prvide the infrmatin yu wuld want t receive yurself.
Open Sciety: Refrming Glbal Capitalism
by Gerge Srs
Gerge Srs has made mre than $19 billin s far. That makes his bk really wrth reading. Critics call this bk the declaratin f the new capitalism (资本主义) . His thughts and ideas are very fresh, clever and unusual. Everyne wh is int plitics, business and scial prblems needs t read it.
The Autbigraphy f Benjamin Franklin
by Benjamin Franklin
The bk tells abut the first half f the authr’s life. It is especially interesting because Franklin describes the frmatin f his persnality. Franklin was, undubtedly, a very gifted persn. All the gd circumstances in his life cntributed t his success, and all the bad nes just trained his willpwer. The events f his life shw that a persn with an inquiring mind and active energy can learn any kind f activity and every field f knwledge.
1. What is special abut Business @ the Speed f Thught?
A. It’s a cllectin f letters.B. It’s a predictin f the future.
C. It fcuses n cmmunicatins.D. It narrates persnal experiences.
2. What can yu read abut Open Sciety: Refrming Glbal Capitalism?
A. Plitics, business and scial prblems.
B. A man’s investing experience in 1957.
C. Gerge Srs’ fight against sciety.
D. Gerge Srs’ failure in his business.
3. What can be inferred frm The Autbigraphy f Benjamin Franklin?
A. Franklin never experienced frustratin.
B. Franklin had a high thirst fr knwledge.
C. Franklin had n truble learning anything.
D. Franklin wrte it t recrd his achievements.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本名人撰写的书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Business @ the Speed f Thught”部分中“In the bk published in 1999, Gates predicted that business wuld change mre in the next ten years than in the last 50 years.(在1999年出版的书中，盖茨预测，未来十年的商业变化将比过去50年更大)”可知，《Business @ the Speed f Thught》特别之处是这是一本预测未来的书。故选B项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Open Sciety: Refrming Glbal Capitalism”部分中“Everyne wh is int plitics, business and scial prblems needs t read it.(每个关注政治、商业和社会问题的人都需要阅读它)”可知，人们可以从《Open Sciety: Refrming Glbal Capitalism》一书中读到政治、商业和社会问题。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据“The Autbigraphy f Benjamin Franklin”部分中“All the gd circumstances in his life cntributed t his success, and all the bad nes just trained his willpwer. The events f his life shw that a persn with an inquiring mind and active energy can learn any kind f activity and every field f knwledge.(他一生中所有的好环境都促成了他的成功，所有的坏环境都锻炼了他的意志力。他的生活事件表明，一个有探究精神和积极能量的人可以学习任何一种活动和各个知识领域)”可知，富兰克林经历的挫折磨炼了他的意志，他具有探究精神和积极能量，这让他能够学习任何一种活动以及各个领域的知识；由此可知，富兰克林对知识有强烈渴望。故选B项。
B
Australia lks brwner and flatter than I remembered; it’s dry grass here and there dtted with tugh bushes and unremarkable buildings. The lighting is vilently intense.
My friend keeps talking in the driver’s seat and I respnd with ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’ t appear interested in her string f gssip abut peple whse faces I have lng frgtten, whse stries I’ve stpped caring abut.
‘Are yu kay?’ my friend asks, taking her eyes ff the rad t study my expressin with her all-knwing eyes.
‘Just tired,’ I say. She accepts my lie with an uncnvinced shrug. I keep searching in my mind’s eyes, hping t bring back int fcus images frm the remte twns f Asia: steam cming ff biling pts, baskets filled with strange fruits, giant pigs alngside little kids.
I laugh at the thught.
‘Smething funny?’ my friend asks.
‘Oh, just a memry,’ I say. ‘The little kids in nrthern Thailand were s friendly. When we’d pass them in the street, they’d greet us at the tp f their lungs in their native language.’
‘Cl,’ she says, and then-’Hey, guess what? I had my bathrm remade!’ ‘Ww,’ I say. And then she details her bathrm prject, and I ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’. Hme imprvements, kids, full-time jbs: these are the standard cnversatin tpics f thirty-smething wmen. In the years since I left, my friends have matured int respnsible adults, but I’m stuck in anther place entirely, mre cmfrtable in a lcal bus traveling alng the edge f a Himalayan muntain. If they are all grwnups nw, what des that make me?
Peple say that travel changes yu, but I never anticipated it wuld be like this. I clse my eyes and return t the excitement f being sped at 565 miles per hur t smewhere freign and wild. But I must stay this time. My dad has been diagnsed with a serius illness and s here I am, back in reality, back t my rts.
4. Hw des the authr feel n her arrival in Australia?
A. Interested.B. Cnflicted.C. Exhausted.D. Excited.
5. What can be learned abut the cnversatin between the authr and her friend?
A. They have different interests and lives as grwnups.
B. They share fnd memries f grwing up tgether.
C. They care abut and prvide updates fr each ther.
D. They enjy telling persnal stries t exchange ideas.
6. By “If they are all grwnups nw, what des that make me?” (in the secnd last paragraph), the authr means _________.
A. they make me think f grwing up as they d
B. we are all adults wh will eventually settle dwn
C. a cmfrtable hme is what we all need as adults
D. diverse experiences shape individuals’ life paths
7. Which f the fllwing is the best title f the passage?
A. Feeling Lst When Back in Australia
B. The Excitement f Traveling t Australia
C. Australia: A Place like Asia in My Heart
D. Out f Asia, Out f Mind
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者回到家乡澳大利亚后发现自己对家乡的一切都感到陌生，找不到归属感，这让她感到很失落。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Australia lks brwner and flatter than I remembered; it’s dry grass here and there dtted with tugh bushes and unremarkable buildings. The lighting is vilently intense.(澳大利亚看起来比我记忆中的更棕色、更平坦；这里到处都是干草，点缀着坚韧的灌木丛和不起眼的建筑。灯光非常强烈。)”和第四段第三句到最后一句“I keep searching in my mind’s eyes, hping t bring back int fcus images frm the remte twns f Asia: steam cming ff biling pts, baskets filled with strange fruits, giant pigs alngside little kids.(我一直在脑海中搜寻，希望能把亚洲偏远城镇的画面重新聚焦起来：沸腾的锅里冒出的蒸汽，装满奇怪水果的篮子，和小孩子在一起的巨型猪。)”可知，作者到达澳大利亚时心情很矛盾。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“My friend keeps talking in the driver’s seat and I respnd with ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’ t appear interested in her string f gssip abut peple whse faces I have lng frgtten, whse stries I’ve stpped caring abut.(我的朋友坐在驾驶座上不停地说话，我的回应是“啊哈”和“哦，真的吗?”’表现出对她那一串关于我早已忘记的人的闲话感兴趣，那些人的故事我也不再关心了。)”和第八段前三句“‘Cl,’ she says, and then-’Hey, guess what? I had my bathrm remade!’ ‘Ww,’ I say. And then she details her bathrm prject, and I ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’.(“酷！”她说，然后——“嘿，你猜怎么着？我重新装修了我的浴室！“哇！”我说。然后她详细介绍了她的浴室计划，我就会“啊哈”和“哦，真的吗？”)”可知，从作者和朋友之间的对话可以了解到作为成年人她们有不同的兴趣和生活。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第八段倒第二句“In the years since I left, my friends have matured int respnsible adults, but I’m stuck in anther place entirely, mre cmfrtable in a lcal bus traveling alng the edge f a Himalayan muntain.(在我离开后的几年里，我的朋友们已经成熟为负责任的成年人，但我却完全被困在了另一个地方，坐在一辆沿着喜马拉雅山脉边缘行驶的当地巴士上更舒服。)”可知，“If they are all grwnups nw, what des that make me?（如果他们现在都是大人了，那我算什么?）”的意思是不同的经历塑造了个人的人生道路。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据前两段“Australia lks brwner and flatter than I remembered; it’s dry grass here and there dtted with tugh bushes and unremarkable buildings. The lighting is vilently intense. My friend keeps talking in the driver’s seat and I respnd with ‘Ah-huh’ and ‘Oh really?’ t appear interested in her string f gssip abut peple whse faces I have lng frgtten, whse stries I’ve stpped caring abut.(澳大利亚看起来比我记忆中的更棕色、更平坦；这里到处都是干草，点缀着坚韧的灌木丛和不起眼的建筑。灯光非常强烈。我的朋友坐在驾驶座上不停地说话，我的回应是“啊哈”和“哦，真的吗？”表现出对她那一串关于我早已忘记的人的闲话感兴趣，那些人的故事我也不再关心了。)”和最后一段“Peple say that travel changes yu, but I never anticipated it wuld be like this. I clse my eyes and return t the excitement f being sped at 565 miles per hur t smewhere freign and wild. But I must stay this time. My dad has been diagnsed with a serius illness and s here I am, back in reality, back t my rts.(人们都说旅行会改变你，但我从来没有想到会是这样。我闭上眼睛，重新回到以每小时565英里的速度驶向异国荒野的兴奋中。但这次我必须留下来。我的父亲被诊断出患有一种严重的疾病，所以我回到了现实，回到了我的根。)”可知，文章主要描述了作者在回到家乡澳大利亚之后的失落心情。故选A。
C
Astrnmers have uncvered the feeding schedule f a supermassive black hle, revealing that it cnsumes material abut every three and a half years. The discvery prvides key infrmatin abut mysterius csmic (宇宙的) frces, deepening scientists’ understanding f hw the universe is frmed.
Astrnmers first nticed the black hle’s activity when the galaxy it resides in experienced a significant increase in brightness in 2018. They identified this as a tidal (潮汐的) disruptin (扰乱) event, which ccurs when a star is trn apart by the intense gravitatinal (引力的) frces f a black hle. As the star was pulled apart, its material heated up, prducing X-ray and ultravilet light that was bserved by the telescpes. This emissin eventually faded, suggesting that the black hle had cnsumed the matter.
Hwever, abut tw years later, the X-ray and UV light frm the galaxy brke up again. This unexpected resurgence (复苏) suggested that the star had nly been partially cnsumed during its first encunter, with mre material being taken away as it apprached the black hle again.
The astrnmers learned that the star had mved int a highly extended rbit arund the black hle after the first encunter. When it eventually apprached again, the galaxy lit up with X-ray and UV light as mre f the star’s material was cnsumed. This discvery allwed the scientists t calculate the star’s rbital perid, helping them learn that the black hle cnsumes material apprximately every three and a half years.
On these grunds, the team predicts that the black hle’s next encunter with the star will begin between May and August 2025, althugh it is expected t be smaller, as mst f the star has already been destryed.
8. What is the significance f the discvery f the feeding schedule f a black hle?
A. It led t scientists’ discvery f a supermassive black hle.
B. It made the frmatin f the black hle knwn t scientists.
C. It changed scientists’ views abut the threat frm black hles.
D. It bradened scientists’ knwledge f the pwer f the universe.
9. What made the black hle’s activity discvered?
A. The pwerful gravitatinal pull f a black hle.
B. The X-ray and UV light released by the star.
C. A sudden decrease in the galaxy’s brightness.
D. A sharp rise in radi signals frm the galaxy.
10. What des the authr imply in paragraph 3?
A. The star had the ability t recver.B. The black hle had unstable frces.
C. The star partly survived the black hle.D. The star shne befre being pulled apart.
11. Which f the fllwing statements is true accrding t the team’s predictin?
A. The black hle’s feeding schedule will be changed.
B. The next encunter will take place utside the rbit.
C. The next encunter will be tinier than the previus ne.
D. The star will be cmpletely cnsumed by the black hle.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. C
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了天文学家发现超大质量黑洞约每三年半吞噬一次物质，通过观测恒星被撕裂释放的射线等，揭示其进食周期，助于理解宇宙形成。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“The discvery prvides key infrmatin abut mysterius csmic (宇宙的) frces, deepening scientists’ understanding f hw the universe is frmed. (这一发现为有关神秘宇宙力量的诸多问题提供了关键信息，进一步加深了科学家们对于宇宙形成机制的理解。)”可知，黑洞进食时间表的发现拓展了科学家对宇宙力量的认识。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“As the star was pulled apart, its material heated up, prducing X-ray and ultravilet light that was bserved by the telescpes. (当这颗恒星被撕裂时，其物质温度升高，产生了X射线和紫外线光，这些光被望远镜观测到了。)”可知，该恒星释放出的X射线和紫外线使得黑洞的活动得以被发现。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Hwever, abut tw years later, the X-ray and UV light frm the galaxy brke up again. This unexpected resurgence (复苏) suggested that the star had nly been partially cnsumed during its first encunter, with mre material being taken away as it apprached the black hle again. (然而，大约两年后，来自星系的X射线和紫外线再次分解。这种出乎意料的再度复苏表明，在它首次与黑洞相遇时，该恒星只是被部分吞噬了，而在再次靠近黑洞的过程中，又有更多的物质被吸走了。)”可知，这颗恒星在一定程度上逃过了黑洞的吞噬。故选C。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“On these grunds, the team predicts that the black hle’s next encunter with the star will begin between May and August 2025, althugh it is expected t be smaller, as mst f the star has already been destryed. (基于这些情况，研究团队预测，黑洞与这颗恒星的下一次相遇将在2025年5月至8月之间发生，不过预计这次相遇的规模会较小，因为大部分恒星已经遭到破坏。)”可知，C选项“下一次的相遇规模将会小于之前的那次。”正确。故选C。
D
The differences in health utcmes are neither new nr unknwn. Frm differences in life span t uneven access t quality healthcare, the s-called “Health Gap” is a persistent and trubling indicatin f inequality. Peple living in lw and middle-incme cuntries are far mre likely t die frm preventable and treatable causes. Accrding t the Wrld Health Organizatin, bvius differences in health utcmes persist (持续存在) within cuntries, cutting alng sciecnmic and gegraphic lines.
Clsing these health gaps is bth a mral and practical need because every human being has a right t a healthy, dignified life; practical because health inequities bring abut substantial ecnmic and scial csts. Health inequities culd cst the U. S. ecnmy apprximately $ 320 billin annually and rise t $ 1 trillin by 2040 if nt addressed. These figures emphasize the need fr systemic slutins that lk at the rt causes.
Artificial intelligence has entered the scene as a new tl in the attempt t remake the health system. Bradly speaking, pattern recgnitin and persnalized care are the tw fcuses in that cntext. AI applicatins can detect diseases—ften earlier and mre accurately than humans—tailr treatments t individual patients, and supprt healthcare prfessinals in managing cmplex caselads (病例). Preventive interventins can save lives and resurces while increasing the quality f life f humans. AI-pwered predictin mdels have been used t identify patients at high risk f cmplicatins r chrnic (慢性病) cnditins such as kidney disease, which therwise ften ges unnticed until significant damage is dne t the bdy.
Beynd clinical settings, AI-driven analyses f large datasets — frm hspital recrds t sciecnmic indicatrs — can highlight at-risk cmmunities, helping plicymakers and health rganizatins distribute resurces mre effectively. By lcating under-served areas and identifying ppulatins least likely t access preventive services, AI can guide targeted cmmunity interventins, mbile clinics, health educatin prgrams, and ther initiatives t clse the health gap.
While the ptential is large, AI’s effectiveness in clsing the health gap depends n mre than just technlgical advancement. AI must be deliberately designed, trained, tested, and targeted t bring ut the best in and fr peple and the planet.
12. What can we learn abut the health gap frm paragraph 1?
A. It rarely exists in wealthy cuntries.
B. It is the rt f ecnmic difference.
C. It refers t unfairness in health utcmes.
D. It shws the equal distributin f resurces.
13. What d the figures indicate in paragraph 2?
A. Ecnmic truble in US.B. Cstly medical expenses in US.
C. The urgency f clsing health gap.D. The mral dilemma facing Americans.
14. What can AI d t imprve the health system?
A. Prevent the spread f diseases.
B. Cure patients with chrnic cnditins.
C. Replace dctrs t manage caselads.
D. Detect diseases and ffer tailred treatments.
15. What is the passage mainly abut?
A. Hw AI serves t get rid f inequality.
B. What rle AI plays in clsing health gap.
C. What challenges AI faces in medical field.
D. Hw AI stimulates technlgical advancement.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了人工智能在缩小健康差距方面发挥的作用。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Frm differences in life span t uneven access t quality healthcare, the s-called “Health Gap” is a persistent and trubling indicatin f inequality.(从寿命的差异到获得优质医疗服务的不均衡，这种所谓的“健康差距”是持续存在的令人困扰的不平等现象)”可知，健康差距指的是健康结果的公平性问题。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Health inequities culd cst the U. S. ecnmy apprximately $ 320 billin annually and rise t $ 1 trillin by 2040 if nt addressed. These figures emphasize the need fr systemic slutins that lk at the rt causes.(如果不解决，健康不平等每年可能会使美国经济损失约3200亿美元，到2040年将上升到1万亿美元。这些数字强调需要从根源上寻找系统性解决方案)”可以推测出，数据表明解决健康差距的紧迫性。故选C。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Artificial intelligence has entered the scene as a new tl in the attempt t remake the health system. Bradly speaking, pattern recgnitin and persnalized care are the tw fcuses in that cntext. AI applicatins can detect diseases—ften earlier and mre accurately than humans—tailr treatments t individual patients, and supprt healthcare prfessinals in managing cmplex caselads (病例).(人工智能作为一种重塑健康系统的新工具出现在眼前。广泛地说，模式识别和个性化护理是其中的两个焦点。AI应用程序可以检测疾病——通常比人类更早且更准确——为个别患者定制治疗，并支持医疗专业人员管理复杂的病例)”可知，人工智能可以检测疾病并提供个性化治疗。故选D。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章内容和最后一段“While the ptential is large, AI’s effectiveness in clsing the health gap depends n mre than just technlgical advancement. AI must be deliberately designed, trained, tested, and targeted t bring ut the best in and fr peple and the planet.(虽然潜力巨大，但人工智能在缩小健康差距方面的有效性不仅取决于技术进步。人工智能必须经过精心设计、训练、测试，并有针对性地为人类和地球带来最好的东西)”可以推断出，文章主要讲述了人工智能在缩小健康差距方面发挥的作用。故选B。
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
D Lbsters Feel Pain?
The traditinal methd fr cking a lbster (龙虾) — biling it alive — raises the questin f whether r nt lbsters feel pain. ___16___. Lbsters g bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lbster increases the risk f illness and reduces the quality f its flavr. Hwever, if lbsters are capable f feeling pain, the methd and thers, such as string the live lbster n ice, raise mral questins fr chefs and lbster eaters alike.
___17___. Lbsters have a peripheral system like humans, but instead f a single brain, they pssess nerve cluster (神经簇). Because f this difference, sme researchers argue lbsters are t dissimilar t vertebrates (脊椎动物) t feel pain. Nnetheless, lbsters d satisfy all f the standard fr a pain respnse. Lbsters guard their injuries, learn t avid dangerus situatins, respnd t anesthetics, and are believed t pssess sme level f cnsciusness. S mst scientists believe that injuring a lbster causes physical pain.
___18___, s it is nw becming illegal t bil lbsters alive r keep them n ice. Currently, biling lbsters alive is illegal in Switzerland, New Zealand, and the Italian city Reggi Emilia.
The mst humane tl fr cking a lbster is the CrustaStun. This device electrcutes a lbster, making it uncnscius in less than half a secnd r killing it in 5 t 10 secnds. ___19___.
Unfrtunately, the CrustaStun is t expensive fr mst restaurants and peple t affrd. Sme restaurants place a lbster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer fr a cuple f hurs, during which time it lses cnsciusness and dies. ___20___, but it is prbably the mst humane ptin fr killing a lbster befre cking and eating it.
A. This slutin is nt ideal
B. And then, it can be cut apart r biled
C. Lbsters are ppular fd in many cuntries
D. There is grwing evidence that lbsters may feel pain
E. Scientists disagree ver whether r nt lbsters feel pain
F. Many restaurants chse mre humane methds t ck it
G. This cking way is used t imprve humans’ dining experience
【答案】16. G 17. E 18. D 19. B 20. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一直以来科学家们对龙虾是否会感到疼痛持不同意见，现在越来越多的证据表明，龙虾可能会感到疼痛，因此一些国家禁止将龙虾活煮或放在冰上，推荐使用更人道的水产品电击器处理龙虾，一些无力负担该工具的餐馆则尽量选择其他人道的方式进行处理。
【16题详解】
前文“The traditinal methd fr cking a lbster (龙虾) — biling it alive — raises the questin f whether r nt lbsters feel pain. (传统的烹饪龙虾的方法——活煮龙虾——引发了龙虾是否会感到疼痛的问题)”引入传统活煮龙虾的话题，后文“Lbsters g bad very quickly after they die, and eating a dead lbster increases the risk f illness and reduces the quality f its flavr. (龙虾死后很快就会变质，吃死龙虾会增加患病的风险，并降低其味道的质量)”具体解释采用这种烹饪方式的原因，因此G项“This cking way is used t imprve humans’ dining experience (这种烹饪方式被用来改善人类的用餐体验)”符合语境，承接前文，概括后文的具体解释，其中的This cking way指代前文的biling it alive。故选G。
【17题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。根据后文的“Because f this difference, sme researchers argue lbsters are t dissimilar t vertebrates (脊椎动物) t feel pain. (由于这种差异，一些研究人员认为龙虾与脊椎动物太不相似了，感觉不到疼痛)”和“S mst scientists believe that injuring a lbster causes physical pain. (因此，大多数科学家认为，伤害龙虾会导致身体疼痛)”可知，本段主要介绍了对龙虾是否会感到疼痛的两种不同意见，因此E项“Scientists disagree ver whether r nt lbsters feel pain (科学家们对龙虾是否会感到疼痛持不同意见)”符合语境，统领后文内容，其中的feel pain和后文的feel pain是同词复现。故选E。
【18题详解】
空处位于段首，需引出段落内容。后文“s it is nw becming illegal t bil lbsters alive r keep them n ice (因此，现在将龙虾活煮或放在冰上是违法的)”指出活煮龙虾或把龙虾放在冰上被禁止，因此D项“There is grwing evidence that lbsters may feel pain (越来越多的证据表明，龙虾可能会感到疼痛)”符合语境，解释后文被禁止的原因。故选D。
【19题详解】
前文“The mst humane tl fr cking a lbster is the CrustaStun. This device electrcutes a lbster, making it uncnscius in less than half a secnd r killing it in 5 t 10 secnds. (煮龙虾最人道的工具是水产品电击器。这种装置可以电击龙虾，让它在不到半秒的时间内失去意识，或者在5到10秒内杀死它)”介绍了使用水产品电击器来处理龙虾的方式，因此B项“And then, it can be cut apart r biled (然后，它可以被切开或煮)”符合语境，承接前文，其中的it指代前文的a lbster。故选B。
【20题详解】
前文“Sme restaurants place a lbster in a plastic bag and place it in the freezer fr a cuple f hurs, during which time it lses cnsciusness and dies. (一些餐馆把龙虾放在塑料袋里，放在冰箱里几个小时，在这段时间里，龙虾失去知觉，死亡)”介绍了一些无力负担水产品电击器的餐馆处理龙虾的方法，后文“but it is prbably the mst humane ptin fr killing a lbster befre cking and eating it (但在烹饪和食用龙虾之前杀死它可能是最人性化的选择)”对这种方法做出了评价，因此A项“This slutin is nt ideal (这个解决方案并不理想)”符合语境，承接前文，和后文形成转折。故选A。
第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Clleen Knull was n duty at the Jasper Ldge in the Natinal Park. A ___21___ with less than ne year f experience as she was, it didn’t prevent her frm handling a very ___22___ situatin.
“The first indicatin that there was a(n) ___23___ was that we had nticed smke cming up frm the muntainside, and I tried my best t ___24___ the knwledge I had learned during the previus training and ___25___ it t read the smke and hw clse the fire was,” she said.
Sn, an evacuatin (疏散) rder was ___26___ fr Jasper Natinal Park and the electricity was cut ff. Because it was midnight, Knull started kncking n each dr t ___27___ the guests at the ldge.
Then she was infrmed that sme hikers at the campsite were unaware f the ___28___ t evacuate quickly. S she walked up the rugh path t bring them dwn. There, she ___29___ 16 peple n a fur-hur hike thrugh darkness, t where her truck was parked. Finally, Knull managed t lead these hikers t a ___30___ place.
She als managed t keep things ___31___ during the evacuatin. “The situatin had t be taken seriusly, but I shuld make sure nbdy wuld get ___32___. S I tld a cuple f ___33___ alng the way and had a cuple f gd laughs. I had t guarantee that everybdy gt ut sundly.”
She ___34___ her quick reactin in the evacuatin t the training she had received. Hearing the news f Knull’s remarkable perfrmance in Jasper, Clif Vetter, Chief f Enderby Fire Department, said ___35___ and prudly, “That’s her.”
21. A. dctrB. hikerC. firefighterD. camper
22. A. dangerusB. excitingC. rdinaryD. strange
23. A. earthquakeB. fireC. vlcan eruptinD. urgent signal
24. A. shareB. spreadC. recallD. frget
25. A. bservedB. emplyedC. masteredD. reviewed
26. A. issuedB. refusedC. canceledD. delayed
27. A. lk afterB. call nC. pick upD. wake up
28. A. dangerB. needC. challengeD. hpe
29. A. guidedB. watchedC. fllwedD. met
30. A. cmfrtableB. distantC. safeD. hidden
31. A. lightB. quietC. seriusD. meaningful
32. A. disappintedB. sleepyC. excitedD. panicked
33. A. pemsB. skillsC. jkesD. secrets
34. A. cmparedB. devtedC. deniedD. wed
35. A. nervuslyB. simplyC. sadlyD. carefully
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在国家公园的Jasper Ldge值班的消防员Clleen Knull，尽管她只有不到一年的经验，却成功处理了一起非常危险的情况。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然她是一名经验不足一年的消防员，但这并不妨碍她处理非常危险的情况。A. dctr医生；B. hiker徒步旅行者；C. firefighter消防员；D. camper露营者。根据第二段“we had nticed smke cming up frm the muntainside”可知，她是一名消防员。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然她是一名经验不足一年的消防员，但这并不妨碍她处理非常危险的情况。A. dangerus危险的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. rdinary普通的 ；D. strange奇怪的。根据下文“smke cming up frm the muntainside”可知，发生了火灾，是危险的情况。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“有火灾的第一个迹象是，我们注意到烟雾从山腰升起，我尽我最大的努力回忆我在以前的培训中学到的知识，并用它来判断烟雾和火灾的距离。”A. earthquake地震；B. fire火灾；C. vlcan eruptin火山喷发；D. urgent signal紧急的信号。根据下文“smke cming up frm the muntainside”可知，发生了火灾。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“有火灾的第一个迹象是，我们注意到烟雾从山腰升起，我尽我最大的努力回忆我在以前的培训中学到的知识，并用它来判断烟雾和火灾的距离。”A. share分享；B. spread传播；C. recall回忆；D. frget忘记。根据下文“the knwledge I had learned during the previus training”可知，发生了火灾，所以她回忆之前在训练中学到的知识。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“有火灾的第一个迹象是，我们注意到烟雾从山腰升起，我尽我最大的努力回忆我在以前的培训中学到的知识，并用它来判断烟雾和火灾的距离。”A. bserved观察；B. emplyed使用；C. mastered掌握；D. reviewed回顾。根据上文“the knwledge I had learned during the previus training”和下文“t read the smke and hw clse the fire was”可知，她用之前在训练中学到的知识来判断烟和火的距离，空格处意为“使用”。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，Jasper Natinal Park发布了疏散令，电力也被切断。A. issued发布；B. refused拒绝；C. canceled取消；D. delayed推迟。根据上文“an evacuatin (疏散) rder”可知，那个国家公园发布了疏散令。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：因为已经是午夜了，Knull开始敲每扇门来叫醒旅馆里的客人。A. lk after照顾；B. call n号召；C. pick up捡起；D. wake up叫醒。根据上文“kncking n each dr”和下文“the guests at the ldge”可知，她敲门叫醒旅馆里的客人。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她被告知，营地的一些徒步旅行者没有意识到需要迅速撤离。A. danger危险；B. need需要；C. challenge挑战；D. hpe希望。根据下文“t evacuate quickly. S she walked up the rugh path t bring them dwn”可知，一些徒步旅行者没有意识到需要撤离。故选B。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，她带着16个人在黑暗中徒步了4个小时，来到了她卡车停放的地方。A. guided带领；B. watched观察；C. fllwed跟随；D. met遇到。根据下文“16 peple n a fur-hur hike thrugh darkness”可知，她带领16个人走出来。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，Knull设法把这些徒步旅行者带到一个安全的地方。A. cmfrtable舒服的；B. distant远的；C. safe安全的；D. hidden躲藏的。根据上文“t where her truck was parked. Finally, Knull managed t lead these hikers t”可知，她带那些人到了安全的地方。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在疏散过程中，她还设法让事情变得轻松。A. light轻松的；B. quiet安静的；C. serius严重的；D. meaningful有意义的。根据下文“had a cuple f gd laughs”可知，她设法让事情变得轻松点。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种情况必须认真对待，但我应该确保没有人会惊慌失措。A. disappinted失望的；B. sleepy瞌睡的；C. excited兴奋的；D. panicked惊慌失措的。根据下文“had a cuple f gd laughs”可知，她说笑话，是为了确保大家不惊慌失措。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我一路上讲了几个笑话，让大家开怀大笑。A. pems诗歌；B. skills技术；C. jkes笑话；D. secrets秘密。根据下文“had a cuple f gd laughs”可知，她讲笑话让大家笑。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把她在撤离时的快速反应归功于她所接受的训练。A. cmpared比较；B. devted奉献；C. denied否认；D. wed归功于。根据下文“her quick reactin in the evacuatin t the training she had received”可知，她把自己的快速反应归功于她所接受的训练。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：听到Knull在Jasper的出色表现，Enderby Fire Department局长Clif Vetter简单而自豪地说：“就是她。”A. nervusly紧张地；B. simply简单地；C. sadly悲哀地；D. carefully仔细地。根据下文“That’s her”可知，局长简单地说“就是她”。故选B。
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China’s Natinal Immigratin Administratin (NIA) annunced n Mnday that the cuntry’s 144-hur visa-free transit plicy ____36____ (expand) t three mre entry prts, increasing the ttal t37. At present, freign natinals frm 54 cuntries such as the US, Canada and Britain are ____37____ (suit) fr the 144-hur visa-free plicy, allwing shrt-term activities such as travel and business visits.
The NIA statement said the expansin f the visa free plicy is expected t prvide mre ____38____ (chice) fr freign natinals in China. It said the 72/144-hur visa-free transit plicy has played ____39____ imprtant rle in the cuntry’s high-level pening-up, facilitating the exchange f peple between China and ther cuntries and their ____40____ (cperate).
The NIA said earlier this mnth that China had recrded 14.64 millin inbund (入境的) trips ____41____ (make) by freigners in the first half f this year, up 152.7 percent year n year. Amng them, 8.54 millin entered China visa-free, accunting ____42____ 52 percent f the inbund trips and representing a year-n-year surge f 190.1 percent.
____43____ measures are making visits t China increasingly easier, the cuntry has becme a ppular destinatin fr verseas turists. With mre peple ____44____ (pst) their travel experiences in China n scial media, “China Travel” has becme a tp trending search term n multiple glbal scial media platfrms.
Freign Ministry spkespersn Lin Jian ____45____ (say) last week, “China will cntinue t embrace the wrld with pen arms and create mre energy and enthusiasm fr peple-t-peple exchanges.”
【答案】36. has been expanded 37. suitable 38. chices 39. an 40. cperatin
41. made 42. fr 43. As 44. psting 45. said
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了中国国家移民管理局新增3个144小时过境免签口岸，至此共37个，便利外籍人士往来，促进交流，入境人次大增，中国成热门旅游地。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：中国国家移民管理局（NIA）于周一宣布，该国的144小时免签过境政策已扩展至另外三个入境口岸，从而使总过境口岸数量增加至37个。主语plicy与谓语构成被动关系，表示过去的动作对现在的影响为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been expanded。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：目前，来自54个国家（如美国、加拿大和英国）的外籍人士符合144小时免签政策的条件，可进行短期活动，如旅行和商务访问等。作表语，用形容词suitable，be suitable fr为固定搭配。故填suitable。
【38题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：国家移民管理局的声明称，扩大免签政策预计将为在华的外国公民提供更多选择。chice“选择”为可数名词，根据空前mre可知chice用复数形式。故填chices。
【39题详解】
考查冠词。句意：该报道称，72/144小时免签过境政策在该国的高水平对外开放中发挥了重要作用，促进了中国与其他国家之间的人员交流以及双方的合作。rle“作用，功能”为可数名词，句中表泛指，且imprtant起始音为元音，用不定冠词an，短语play an imprtant rle in表示“发挥重要作用”。故填an。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：该报道称，72/144小时免签过境政策在该国的高水平对外开放中发挥了重要作用，促进了中国与其他国家之间的人员交流以及双方的合作。作介词的宾语，用名词cperatin，不可数。故填cperatin。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：中国国家移民管理局本月早些时候表示，今年上半年，中国接待的外国入境游客数量达到1464万人次，同比增长152.7%。此处trips与make构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填made。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：其中，有854万人免签入境中国，占入境游客总数的52%，较去年同期增长了190.1%。短语accunt fr表示“占比”，为固定搭配。故填fr。
【43题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：随着相关措施使得来华旅游变得更加便捷，中国已成为海外游客钟爱的旅游目的地。引导时间状语从句，表示“随着”用连词as，位于句首，首字母大写。故填As。
【44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的人在社交媒体上分享他们在中国的旅行经历，“中国之旅”已成为多个全球社交媒体平台上的热门搜索词汇。此处为with复合结构，宾语peple与动词pst构成逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。故填psting。
【45题详解】
考查时态。句意：外交部发言人林剑上周表示：“中国将继续张开双臂拥抱世界，为人文交流注入更多活力与热情。”根据后文last week可知为一般过去时。故填said。
第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，外教Chris计划于下周六组织一次春游活动（spring uting），现面向全班同学征集活动建议。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
（1）具体活动；
（2）你的理由。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Dear Chris,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Chris,
I’m glad t hear that we’ll have a spring uting next Saturday. I suggest we g t the btanical garden. There, we can admire varius plants and learn abut different species, which is bth educatinal and relaxing. Als, we can have a picnic in the garden. It will be a great chance fr us t enjy the utdrs and cmmunicate with each ther. I’m lking frward t the activity.
Yurs,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文、
“Wh wants t shw us their special prject first?” Mrs. Williams asked my furth-grade class. She always gave us chances t earn extra pints. Fr this prject, we were allwed t d anything, as lng as we did it urselves.
I burrwed my head in my sweater, just like my turtle. Dn’t call n me. Dn’t call n me.
“Ava, yu lk ready. Cme n up,” Mrs. Williams said. Ava skipped! Unlike me, she just lved talking in frnt f peple. She shwed us hw t wire ptates s they prduced electricity. Ptates! Her dad was an engineer, and I wndered hw much f the prject he had helped her with. But it was cl, and I tld her s when she passed my desk.
My buddy Jayce gt called n next. He was s nervus that the skin n his neck was raspberry red. He demnstrated the Unpppable Bubble. The class gt t bat the bubble arund and it didn’t pp. “Yu’ve gt this,” I gave him a thumbs-up.
“Michael, yur prject, please.”
Michael. That was me! I hadn’t even raised my hand. I guess I frgt t keep my head buried. I walked t the frnt f the class n wbbly legs and set my birdhuse n the table. “This is hw t build a birdhuse,” I began.
“Lk at yur audience, Michael,” Mrs. Williams called frm the back f the rm. She had reminded everyne wh had cme up s far. I swallwed the baseball-size lump in my thrat and started again.
“I lked nline fr plans t build a birdhuse. Then I went t the lumberyard (木厂) with my dad, since I’m nt ld enugh t drive.” (The class laughed at that.)“Smene there cut fur pieces using the measurements I gave them fr the walls, then they used a jigsaw (锯) fr the hle.”
Luka’s hand sht up. We were suppsed t take questins if anyne had them. Luka was my friend, but he always asked a billin questins. “S if smene at the lumberyard cut the wd and made the hle, and yur dad drve yu there, what did yu d?” He asked.
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为 150 左右；
2.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好。
Paragraph 1:
The lump in my thrat was nw the size f a basketball.
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Paragraph 2:
I lked up t see if Luka was watching as I gave the nail (钉子) a mighty hit.
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【答案】范文
The lump in my thrat was nw the size f a basketball. I fumbled with the edge f my shirt, trying t find the wrds. “I... I sanded every piece f wd fr hurs,” I managed t say, my vice cracking. “I wanted it t be safe fr birds, s I made sure there were n splinters. Then I mixed the blue paint myself — added a little white t make it lighter, like the sky.” My hands trembled as I pinted t the rf. “I als drew the design fr the rf slpe and checked the measurements three times s rain wuldn’t leak in. And when the hammer slipped and hit my thumb, I kept ging.” A few kids ndded, and Ava gave me a small smile.
I lked up t see if Luka was watching as I gave the nail a mighty hit. He was, and his eyes lit up. “Nice ne!” he shuted. The class cheered, and I felt a rush f curage. “See?” I said, hlding up the birdhuse. “I chse the nail sizes, t — small enugh t nt split the wd, but strng enugh t hld it tgether.” Mrs. Williams stepped frward. “Michael, yur prject shws smething imprtant: taking pride in every step, even the hard nes. That’s all yur wn wrk.” I grinned, suddenly glad I’d std up there. Maybe next time, I wuldn’t hide my head like a turtle.