专题02 迅速理解大意，提炼语篇中心思想（写作专练）-2026年英语高考专题复习（全国通用）

这是一份专题02 迅速理解大意，提炼语篇中心思想（写作专练）-2026年英语高考专题复习（全国通用），共7页。试卷主要包含了把握主题，以中心思想为核心，构建写作框架，经典范文等内容，欢迎下载使用。
目录
01把握文章中心思想---------------------------------------------------------------------------1
02技巧指导---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
03典例剖析---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2
04即时演练---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
把握中心思想
任何写作的核心都是为了突出文章的主旨，即文章的中心思想。没有中心思想的文章就是没有灵魂的文章，是废文。把握不住文章的中心思想，任何技巧都无济于事。文章的中心思想是我们读后续写的方向定位，解决我们从哪里来到哪里去的问题。因此，读后续写的关键一步就是找准文章写作的方向，即文章的中心思想。
解读记叙文时, 应首先根据具体文本寻读和把握故事的六要素,迅速了解文章的主要内容。接着根据故事中的要素对主题进行准确的把握。然后找出故事的人物、起因、开端、发展、高潮、结局, 把握故事情节的来龙去脉。接下来我们着重分析人物细节描写,重点关注人物所看、所说、所做、所闻、 所想与所感。最后,找准文章关键句,定位中心思想，进而帮助构思续写段落。
技巧指导
1.记叙文有六要素, 即5w词和1H词"wh、what、where、when、why、hw" 。因此, 我们往往可以有以下设问: "wh was it abut?" "what happened?""where did it happen?" "when did it happen?""why did it happen?" "Hw did it happen?"。
有时候一个文本并不具备所有的要素, 可能只会涉及其中的三到四个, 我们可以根据具体文本寻读具体要素。只要把这几个基本要素弄清楚了, 文章的主要内容也就清晰地展现在我们面前了。
2.把握主题：故事中的要素指向主题并为主题服务。
要素和主题的关系如下图所示:
读前文,最重要的是抓住主题。通常情况下, 故事的主题会渗透在要素中。在 《普通高中英语课程标准》中, 分为人与自我、 人与社会以及人与自然这三大主题语境。所以, 历年真题在续写中的主题多体现为个人对家庭的责任; 合作互助, 共同成长; 消除误会; 家人之爱; 经济衰退期人们互助; 鼓励他人挑战自我; 困境中的勇气与智慧;求生与救援; 人与宠物和谐相处以及关爱动物等。
如何确定文章的主题呢? 一般我们可以通过分析前文所提到的要素得出。以2023 年1月浙江卷的读后续写为例说明。
[2023·浙江1月高考卷]
阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was invited t a ckut n an ld friend’s farm in western Washingtn. I parked my car utside the farm and walked past a milking huse which had apparently nt been used in many years. A nise at a windw caught my attentin, s I entered it. It was a hummingbird (蜂鸟), desperately trying t escape. She was cvered in spider-webs (蛛网) and was barely able t mve her wings. She ceased her struggle the instant I picked her up.
With the bird in my cupped hand, I lked arund t see hw she had gtten in. The brken windw glass was the likely answer. I stuffed a piece f clth int the hle and tk her utside, clsing the dr securely behind me.
When I pened my hand, the bird did nt fly away; she sat lking at me with her bright eyes. I remved the sticky spider-webs that cvered her head and wings. Still, she made n attempt t fly. Perhaps she had been struggling against the windw t lng and was t tired? Or t thirsty?
As I carried her up the blackberry-lined path tward my car where I kept a water bttle, she began t mve. I stpped, and she sn tk wing but did nt immediately fly away.
Hvering (悬停), she apprached within six inches f my face. Fr a very lng mment, this tiny creature lked int my eyes, turning her head frm side t side. Then she flew quickly ut f sight.
During the ckut, I tld my hsts abut the hummingbird incident. They prmised t fix the windw. As I was departing, my friends walked me t my car. I was standing by the car when a hummingbird flew t the center f ur grup and began hvering. She turned frm persn t persn until she came t me. She again lked directly int my eyes, then let ut a squeaking call and was gne. Fr a mment, all were speechless. Then smene said, “She must have cme t say gdbye.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
A few weeks later, I went t the farm again.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared.
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【思路点拨】
1.读记叙文基本要素——理解文章大意
通过记叙文基本要素5W(When, Where, Wh, What, Why),分析故事的人物、时间、地点及事情经过,了解文章的情节脉络。
2.遵循正能量，确定故事主题
读后续写总是表达正能量的主题。所以我再次造访那个废弃挤奶房的时候，想再看看那个窗户上的洞是不是被堵好，想知道被救的蜂鸟过的怎么样（揭示人与动物的和谐相处，表达对动物的关切之情）。蜂鸟又一次出现并认出了我，再次以特殊的形式向我表示感谢。这一幕非常感人，时隔数日被救的蜂鸟还能认出自己，看见蜂鸟我也放心了。进一步表现人和动物的深厚情感，让读者为之动容。
3.以中心思想为核心，构建写作框架
文章通过描写作者 "帮助蜂鸟脱离险境, 蜂鸟回来寻找恩人" 这一故事, 表现出人与自然和谐共处, 休戚与共。
4.经典范文
【参考范文】
A few weeks later, I went t the farm again. As my car neared it my thughts drifted back t the mment when I rescued the hummingbird frm the spider’s web. I rushed back t the deserted huse. It was a great cmfrt that the riginal hle in the windw was nwhere t be fund. Leaving the huse, I culdn’t help wndering hw it was getting n nw. Had it managed t find its way back hme, r was it still ut there smewhere struggling t survive?
I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared. A flash f mvement caught my attentin. I turned arund t see the same hummingbird hvering in the air. It seemed that the bird was waiting fr me, its beady eyes lcked n mine as if trying t cnvey sme deep, unspken gratitude. I felt a surge f relief and awe at the sight f this sund and grateful creature, and I knew that I wuld always cherish the memries we shared as I climbed int my car and drve away.
即时演练

【2020·新高考山东卷】
The Meredith family lived in a small cmmunity. As the ecnmy was in decline, sme peple in the twn had lst their jbs. Many f their families were struggling t make ends meet. Peple were trying t help each ther meet the challenges.
Mrs. Meredith was a mst kind and thughtful wman. She spent a great deal f time visiting the pr. She knew they had prblems, and they needed all kinds f help. When she had time, she wuld bring fd and medicine t them.
One mrning she tld her children abut a family she had visited the day befre. There was a man sick in bed, his wife, wh tk care f him and culd nt g ut t wrk, and their little by. The little by—his name was Bernard—had interested her very much.
“I wish yu culd see him，” she said t her wn children, Jhn, Harry, and Clara.“He is such a help t his mther. He wants very much t earn sme mney, but I dn't see what he can d.”
After their mther left the rm, the children sat thinking abut Bernard. “I wish we culd help him t earn mney，” said Clara.“His family is suffering s much.”
“S d I，” said Harry.“We really shuld d smething t assist them.”
Fr sme mments, Jhn said nthing, but, suddenly, he sprang t his feet and cried, “I have a great idea! I have a slutin that we can all help accmplish (完成).”
The ther children als jumped up all attentin. When Jhn had an idea, it was sure t be a gd ne.“I tell yu what we can d，” said Jhn.“Yu knw that big bx f crn Uncle Jhn sent us? Well, we can make ppcrn (爆米花), and put it int paper bags, and Bernard can take it arund t the huses and sell it.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式作答。
When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn's idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________________________
【解题思路】
浏览所给信息，确定大意主题
【参考范文】
When Mrs. Meredith heard f Jhn's idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】1.Mrs. Meredith；Jhn, Harry, and Clara；Bernard;2.The Meredith family helped Bernard earn mney.3.a small cmmunity4.As the ecnmy was in decline 5.Bernard's father was sick 6.Mrs. Meredith and her three children fund a gd way t help pr Bernard earn mney. 7.Lve and Kindness
【参考范文】
When Mrs Meredith heard f Jhn’s idea, she thught it was a gd ne, t. She was s surprised and happy that her children went much farther than herself. She said, “It’s much better t teach Bernard t fish than t give him fish. Yu guys may d whatever yu can with the plan t help Bernard and his family.” With Mum’s apprval, Jhn gt t prepare the ven, Harry went t check the crn that Uncle Jhn sent them, while Clara made the best use f her legs t tell Bernard their plan, hping he wuld accept their kindness. Having heard the plan, Bernard’s blue eyes turned watery with happiness and gratitude.
With everything ready, Bernard started ut n his new business. Every afternn after schl, Bernard went t the Meredith family picking the bagged ppcrn and went t the twn theatre, and he wuld always put a sign beside him saying, “Hme is sweet, but mine is bitter with a sick dad and a nursing mum.” Almst all film-gers bught Bernard’s ppcrn when passing by. Bernard made 8 t 11 dllars each night. With this, Bernard culd g hme with medicine fr his father. Mnths later his father culd leave his sickbed and walk arund. Bernard’s sign was rewritten as fllws: “Hme is sweet, and mine is t, thank yu all.”
When
The day when I was invited t a ckut n an ld friend’s farm
Where
a deserted milking huse n an ld friend’s farm
Wh
a hummingbird (蜂鸟), I, my friends
What
I rescued the hummingbird cvered in spider-webs (蛛网), but she made n attempt t fly away.
Why
She wanted t shw gratitude t me and say gdbye t me in a special way.
段落
设问推进
情节延续
情感延续
第一段
Did the hsts stuff the hle firmly?
Hw was the bird getting alng?

由第一段首句“几周之后，我再次到农场。”和第二段首句“就在我要离开的时候，蜂鸟出现了。”可知,第一段可描写作者关心蜂鸟的现状及废弃的挤奶房是不是被堵好以防蜂鸟再次被困。
根据续写第一段首句中的“I went t the farm again”可知,我对上次救蜂鸟一事念念不忘,因而我想看看那窗户上的洞是否堵好，那只蜂鸟过的怎么样（不一定遇到，遇到是奇迹）。
第二段
Culd the bird recgnize me?
In what way did she meet me?
Was she fine?
Did I need t wrry abut her?
由第二段首句“就在我要离开的时候，蜂鸟出现了。”可知,第二段可描写虽然时隔几周，蜂鸟仍然还能认出我。（故事到达高潮，情节感人至深）
根据续写第二段首句中的I was just abut t leave when the hummingbird appeared可以推测出,奇迹发生，蜂鸟再次出现并向我表达感恩之情,此时我如释重负。故事展现了人鸟情未了的感人结局。
wh
1._________________________________________________;
what
2._________________________________________________.
where
3.__________________________________________________
when
4.__________________________________________________
why
5._________________________________________________.
文章大意
6.__________________________________________________.
表达主题
7.____________________________________________________