【英语】湖南省长沙市某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期入学考试试卷（解析版）

这是一份【英语】湖南省长沙市某中学2024-2025学年高二上学期入学考试试卷（解析版），共22页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力（略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Spring breakers dn’t need t spend a frtune t enjy life in the sunshine fr a week. U. S. News carefully cnsidered everything t bring yu the best inexpensive spring break destinatins.
Key West
This small island in the Flrida Keys is knwn fr its dd residents and best snrkeling (浮潜) pprtunities. While yu’ll find plenty f spts fr partying alng Duval Street, yu can als sak up sme culture at the Ernest Hemingway Hme & Museum. Plus, Key West ffers several budget-friendly (经济实惠的) vacatin rentals, s yu can save yur cash fr bars and bat turs.
Panama City Beach
Panama City Beach is a tried-and-true Flrida spring break lcatin that is sure t please the masses. Scpe ut a spt acrss the twn’s 27 miles f white sand beaches t sunbathe, play vlleyball r scan the hrizn fr bttlense dlphins. Htel prices are reasnable if yu bk yur accmmdatins in advance. Just nte: in this twn alchl cnsumptin is nt allwed n the beach during March, s yu’ll have t enjy yur adult drinks elsewhere.
Suth Padre Island
With htels ffering nightly rates arund $ 200 r less and DJs and celebrities hlding curt at nightclubs, Suth Padre Island, Texas, is a ht spring break destinatin fr cllege students. This Suth Texas lcal is nly abut 30 miles nrth f the U. S. -Mexic brder. meaning yu’ll get t enjy warm weather withut having t leave the cuntry. As an added bnus, the island ffers a free public shuttle system, s budget-cnscius travelers wn’t have t wrry abut spending mney n a rental car.
1. What can turists d in Key West?
A. Have a gd surfing.
B. Bathe in the sun n the beach.
C. Thrw a party anywhere n the island.
D. Visit the Ernest Hemingway Hme & Museum.
2. What is special abut Panama City Beach?
A. The htel prices are lw whenever yu g.
B. It is a perfect destinatin fr everyne
C. Yu can drink wine n the beach in March.
D. Yu can see the bttlense dlphins in persn.
3. What d the three travel destinatins have in cmmn?
A. They are alive with wildlife.B. They are budget-friendly.
C. They ffer a taste f culture.D. They ffer free public shuttle system.
【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三个春假期间便宜好玩的去处。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Key West部分中的“While yu’ll find plenty f spts fr partying alng Duval Street, yu can als sak up sme culture at the Ernest Hemingway Hme & Museum. (虽然你会在Duval Street上找到很多聚会的地方，但你也可以在海明威故居和博物馆里感受一些文化。)”可知，在Key West游客可以参观Ernest Hemingway Hme & Museum。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Panama City Beach部分中的“Scpe ut a spt acrss the twn’s 27 miles f white sand beaches t sunbathe, play vlleyball r scan the hrizn fr bttlense dlphins. (在小镇27英里长的白色沙滩上找一个地方晒日光浴，打排球，或者在地平线上寻找宽吻海豚。)”可知，你可以亲眼看到宽吻海豚。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Spring breakers dn’t need t spend a frtune t enjy life in the sunshine fr a week. U. S. News carefully cnsidered everything t bring yu the best inexpensive spring break destinatins. (春假不需要花一大笔钱去享受一周阳光下的生活。《美国新闻与世界报道》仔细考虑了一切，为你带来最便宜的春假目的地。)”、Key West部分中的“Plus, Key West ffers several budget-friendly (经济实惠的) vacatin rentals, s yu can save yur cash fr bars and bat turs. (此外，基韦斯特还提供几种经济实惠的度假租赁服务，这样你就可以省下钱去酒吧和乘船游览了。)”、Panama City Beach部分中的“Htel prices are reasnable if yu bk yur accmmdatins in advance. (如果你提前预订，旅馆的价格是合理的。)”和最后一段中的“As an added bnus, the island ffers a free public shuttle system, s budget-cnscius travelers wn’t have t wrry abut spending mney n a rental car. (还有一个额外的好处，岛上提供免费的公共班车系统，所以预算紧张的游客不必担心要花钱租车。)”可知，这三个旅游目的地的共同之处在于它们都很经济实惠。故选B。
B
Mst peple wh ran the marathn last mnth spent days befre resting up and days after recvering. But nt Jacky Hunt-Brersma. In ttal, she ran 104 marathns in 104 days. If it’s cnfirmed by Guinness Wrld Recrds, that wuld be a new wrld recrd. And she did it all with ne leg and a prsthesis (假肢).
“Smene able-bdied had dne it previusly. I wanted t see if I culd d it n a prsthetic leg and see what wuld happen,” she said. “I thught it wuld be a great way t inspire thers t push their limits because I truly believe that we’re strnger than what we think. And I’ve been s pleasantly surprised that my bdy has held up. everything has held up and I’ve made it t 104.”
She actually did nt pick up the sprt until after she lst the lwer part f her left leg in 2001 t a type f cancer called Ewing sarcma. Runners using a prsthetic leg can’t use a regular ne. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Brersma has tw, but she was nly able t run with ne because f the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impssible t cnnect t the ther blade. But even with the pain that ccurred, she has been able t put up with it and cntinued.
All tgether, Hunt-Brersma ran ver 4,385 kilmeters. During that time she has had a lt f time t think and has learned a few things abut herself. “It has taught me hw strng ne can be and hw imprtant abslute determinatin is. If yu’re mentally strng, yu can d anything,” she said. “And ur bdies are just amazing... This whle jurney was impressive and super hard, but it’s tld me hw strng I can be as a persn and hw far I can push myself.”
4. Why did Hunt-Brersma decide t run marathns?
A. She wanted t set a new recrd.B. She was driven by her interest
C. She intended t challenge herself.D. She was inspired by peple like her
5. What difficulty did Hunt-Brersma meet with?
A. She didn’t get prfessinal training.B. She fund it hard t keep her balance
C. She suffered discmfrt in her left legD. She culdn’t use regular running blades
6. What message des the authr express thrugh the stry?
A. Rme wasn’t built in a day.B. Time wrks wnders.
C. A gd beginning is half the battle.D. Nthing is impssible t a willing heart.
7. What may be the authr’s attitude twards Hunt-Brcrsma?
A. Annyed.B. Admiring.C. Sympathetic.D. Critical.
【答案】4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jacky Hunt-Brersma虽然左腿由于癌症而截肢，但是借助假肢连续104天跑104场马拉松的励志故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中““Smene able-bdied had dne it previusly. I wanted t see if I culd d it n a prsthetic leg and see what wuld happen,” she said. (她说：“以前有一个身体健全的人做过这种事。我想看看我是否可以用假腿做这件事，看看会发生什么。”)”可知，Hunt-Brersma决定跑马拉松是为了挑战自己。故选C项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Runners using a prsthetic leg can’t use a regular ne. They need a running blade (刀锋式跑步义肢). Hunt-Brersma has tw, but she was nly able t run with ne because f the swelling she experienced in her left leg that made it impssible t cnnect t the ther blade. But even with the pain that ccurred, she has been able t put up with it and cntinued. (使用假肢的跑步者不能使用普通的假肢。他们需要一个刀锋式跑步义肢。Hunt-Brersma有两个刀锋式跑步义肢，但她只能用其中一个，因为她左腿肿胀，无法连接到另一把刀。但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”可知，Hunt-Brersma在跑马拉松时，要忍受左腿肿胀带来的不适和痛苦。故选C项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第三段中“But even with the pain that ccurred, she has been able t put up with it and cntinued. (但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”和最后一段中““It has taught me hw strng ne can be and hw imprtant abslute determinatin is. If yu’re mentally strng, yu can d anything,” she said. “And ur bdies are just amazing... This whle jurney was impressive and super hard, but it’s tld me hw strng I can be as a persn and hw far I can push myself.” (“它教会了我一个人可以有多坚强，以及绝对的决心有多重要。如果你内心强大，你可以做任何事情，”她说。“我们的身体真是太棒了……整个旅程令人印象深刻，也非常艰难，但它告诉我，作为一个人，我可以有多强大，我可以把自己逼到多远。”)”可知，作者通过Hunt-Brersma的故事告诉读者只要有坚定意志与决心，只要我们迎难而上，坚持不懈，就能取得成功，因此作者通过这个故事表达了“有志者事竟成”的哲理。故选D项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“Mst peple wh ran the marathn last mnth spent days befre resting up and days after recvering. But nt Jacky Hunt-Brersma. In ttal, she ran 104 marathns in 104 days. If it’s cnfirmed by Guinness Wrld Recrds, that wuld be a new wrld recrd. And she did it all with ne leg and a prsthesis (假肢). (上个月跑马拉松的大多数人在赛前休息了几天时间，在赛后恢复了几天时间。但Jacky Hunt-Brersma不是。她总共在104天内跑了104场马拉松。如果吉尼斯世界纪录证实，这将是一项新的世界纪录。她用一条腿和一个假肢完成了这一切。)”和第二段中““Smene able-bdied had dne it previusly. I wanted t see if I culd d it n a prsthetic leg and see what wuld happen,” she said. (她说：“以前有一个身体健全的人做过这种事。我想看看我是否可以用假腿做这件事，看看会发生什么。”)”和第三段中“But even with the pain that ccurred, she has been able t put up with it and cntinued. (但即使发生了痛苦，她也能够忍受并继续下去。)”以及最后一段中““It has taught me hw strng ne can be and hw imprtant abslute determinatin is. If yu’re mentally strng, yu can d anything,” she said. “And ur bdies are just amazing... This whle jurney was impressive and super hard, but it’s tld me hw strng I can be as a persn and hw far I can push myself.” (“它教会了我一个人可以有多坚强，以及绝对的决心有多重要。如果你内心强大，你可以做任何事情，”她说。“我们的身体真是太棒了……整个旅程令人印象深刻，也非常艰难，但它告诉我，作为一个人，我可以有多强大，我可以把自己逼到多远。”)”可知，Hunt-Brersma勇于挑战自己，努力克服身体不适和痛苦以及她的感悟，由此推知，作者对Hunt-Brersma的态度是钦佩赞赏的。故选B项。
C
Animals being extinct frm the Earth is a serius issue. When this happens in rder t use their fur r skin fr fashin, it is even wrse, since it’s nt even fr a matter f human survival. That’s why a Lndn z decided t make a pwerful statement at the Siamese crcdile enclsure (鳄鱼围栏).
When visitrs cme in expecting t see a crcdile, they’re greeted with the handbag instead, making a very effective and pwerful pint abut illegal wildlife trade and the harm it takes n the species invlved.
A sign by the enclsure reads, “This bag used t be fund swimming in slw-mving rivers and streams acrss Sutheast Asia and Indnesia. Over the last 75 years, mre than 80% f Siamese crcdiles have disappeared. Many, like this ne, were hunted fr their skins as part f the illegal wildlife trade.”.
Native t parts f Sutheast Asia, Siamese crcdiles are critically endangered and have becme virtually extinct in the wild. Due t hunting as well as habitat lss, they are nw absent frm nearly 99% f their riginal range. A huge part f the decline f ppulatin is due t humans using their wetland habitat fr rice farming, and things nly tk a turn fr the wrse when large-scale hunting fr their skin fr cmmercial purpses began in the 1950s.
The particular handbag that is n display at the z was cnfiscated at a UK airprt, accrding t Benjamin Tapley, leader f reptiles and amphibians at ZSL Lndn Z.
Tapley tld The Huffingtn Pst, “We made this exhibit, within ZSL Lndn Z’s Reptile Huse, t draw visitrs’ attentin t the destructive impact the Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) is having n species arund the wrld. At ZSL, we are wrking glbally with gvernments and lcal cmmunities t prtect wildlife, supprt law enfrcement (执法) that targets illegal trade netwrks, empwer lcal cmmunities affected by IWT and reduce demand fr threatened wildlife.”
8. Why des the sign say this handbag used t swim?
A. It is made f a crcdile’s skin.
B. It is made int a crcdile shape.
C. It is light enugh t flat n water.
D. It was kept in flwing river at first.
9. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. Wildly hunting f Siamese crcdiles.
B. Destructin f Siamese crcdiles’ habitats.
C. Cmmercial value f Siamese crcdiles.
D. Causes t make Siamese crcdiles endangered.
10. What des the underlined wrd “cnfiscated” in paragraph 5 mean?
A. Seized.B. Sld.C. Fund.D. Stlen.
11. What des Tapley’s wrds fcus n?
A. The imprtance f wildlife prtectin.
B. The crisis endangered animals are facing.
C. The purpse t shw the handbag.
D. The harm IWT caused.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. A 11. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。在伦敦动物园的爬行动物馆举办了这个展览，展示用鳄鱼皮做的手提包，以引起游客对非法野生动物贸易对世界各地物种的破坏性影响的关注。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Over the last 75 years, mre than 80% f Siamese crcdiles have disappeared. Many, like this ne, were hunted fr their skins as part f the illegal wildlife trade. (在过去的75年里，超过80%的暹罗鳄已经消失。许多像这只这样的暹罗鳄，因为它们的皮被非法野生动物贸易的一部分而被猎杀)”可知，牌子上说这个手提包是用来游泳的，因为它是用鳄鱼皮做的。故选A。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第四段“Native t parts f Sutheast Asia, Siamese crcdiles are critically endangered and have becme virtually extinct in the wild. Due t hunting as well as habitat lss, they are nw absent frm nearly 99% f their riginal range. (暹罗鳄原产于东南亚部分地区，是极度濒危的动物，在野外几乎已经灭绝。由于狩猎和栖息地的丧失，它们现在近99%的原始活动范围内消失了)”可知，本段主要讲述的是使暹罗鳄濒临灭绝的原因。故选D。
【10题详解】
词义猜测题。根据划线处“The particular handbag that is n display at the z was (在动物园展出的那个特别的手提包)”以及“at a UK airprt (在英国机场)”可知，这只在动物园展出的手提包是在英国机场查封的，划线处和A项：Seized(逮住，查封)含义接近。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“We made this exhibit, within ZSL Lndn Z’s Reptile Huse, t draw visitrs’ attentin t the destructive impact the Illegal Wildlife Trade (IWT) is having n species arund the wrld. (我们在伦敦动物园的爬行动物馆举办了这个展览，以引起游客对非法野生动物贸易(IWT)对世界各地物种的破坏性影响的关注)”可知，塔普利的话旨在引起游客对非法野生动物贸易对世界各地物种的破坏性影响的关注。由此可知，他的意思就是展示手提包的目的上。故选C。
D
Climate mdels can give us a preview f hw humanity’s actins — r inactin — will change ur planet ver the cming decades and centuries. But because the planet is such a cmplex system, they aren’t perfect climate mdels have uncertainties that grw larger as they g farther int the future. Scientists and engineers frm acrss the cuntry are teaming up t build a new type f climate mdel that is designed t prvide mre precise and actinable predictins.
Current climate mdeling relies n dividing up the glbe int a grid (格子) and then cmputing what is ging n in each sectr f the grid, as well a shw the sectrs interact with each ther. Limitatins in available cmputer prcessing pwer mean that thse sectrs generally cannt be any smaller than tens f kilmeters per side. But fr climate mdeling, the devil is in the details — details that get missed in a t-large grid. “Fr cities planning their strmwater management facilities t resist the next 100 years’ wrth f flds, this is a serius issue. Cncrete answers abut the likely range f climate utcmes are key fr planning.” says Tapi Schneider, senir research scientist at CliMA.
Weighing recent advances in the cmputatinal and data sciences, the team plans t step incandesce f the partners brings a different strength and research expertise t the prject. “Our gal is a new mdel that prjects future changes in critical variables such as clud cver, sea ice extent, and rainfall mre accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size f thse in existing mdels.” said Dr. Andrew, the team leader.
One dubter abut the applicatin f climate mdels is Raffaele Ferrari, a Cecil and Ida Green Prfessr f Oceangraphy at MIT. “Using a mdel, we becme puppeteers, masters f a giant system that is, in truth, beynd human cntrl. We can cl r heat the planet at will, add salt r ice r rain r dust in any amunt we want,” Dr. Ferrari says. “We have n backup planet. Hw climate mdels are used remains t be seen.”
12. Why are climate mdels built?
A. T cllect scientific data.B. T mnitr human actins.
C. T deliver useful frecasts.D. T maintain scial systems.
13. What is the prblem f current climate mdeling?
A. Shrtage f facilities.B. Reliance n cmputers.
C. Inability t get smaller grids.D. Limitatin in simplifying details.
14. What des the team aim t d?
A. Investigate serius issues.B. Guarantee the safety f the city.
C. Change the future climate.D. Imprve the accuracy f the mdels.
15. What can be inferred frm the last paragraph?
A. Climate mdels enjys great ppularity.
B. Scientists have created a new climate mdel.
C. Dubts abut climate mdels are disappearing.
D. Cautin is advised in the use f climate mdels.
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. D 15. D
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。本文围绕气候模型的主题，解释了其工作原理、存在的局限性，以及科学家们如何努力改进气候模型以提高预测的准确性和实用性。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Climate mdels can give us a preview f hw humanity’s actins—r inactin—will change ur planet ver the cming decades and centuries.(气候模型可以让我们预览人类的行为——或不作为——将如何在未来几十年和几个世纪改变我们的星球)”以及“Scientists and engineers frm acrss the cuntry are teaming up t build a new type f climate mdel that is designed t prvide mre precise and actinable predictins.(来自全国各地的科学家和工程师正在合作建立一种新型的气候模型，旨在提供更精确和可操作的预测)”可知，建立气候模型是为了提供有用的预测。故选C项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Current climate mdeling relies n dividing up the glbe int a grid (格子) and then cmputing what is ging n in each sectr f the grid, as well a shw the sectrs interact with each ther. Limitatins in available cmputer prcessing pwer mean that thse sectrs generally cannt be any smaller than tens f kilmeters per side. But fr climate mdeling, the devil is in the details—details that get missed in a t-large grid.(目前的气候模型依赖于将全球划分成一个网格，然后计算网格中每个区域的情况，以及显示区域之间的相互作用。可用计算机处理能力的限制意味着这些扇区通常不能小于每边几十公里。但对于气候模型来说，关键在于细节——那些在太大的网格中被遗漏的细节)”可知，当前气候模型的问题是无法得到更小的网格。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Weighing recent advances in the cmputatinal and data sciences, the team plans t step incandesce f the partners brings a different strength and research expertise t the prject. “Our gal is a new mdel that prjects future changes in critical variables such as clud cver, sea ice extent, and rainfall mre accurately—with uncertainties at least half the size f thse in existing mdels.” said Dr. Andrew, the team leader.(考虑到计算和数据科学的最新进展，该团队计划进行深入研究。每个合作伙伴都为该项目带来了不同的优势和研究专长。“我们的目标是创建一个新模型，能够更准确地预测云量、海冰范围和降雨量等关键变量的未来变化，而且不确定性至少比现有模型中的小一半。”团队负责人安德鲁博士说)”可知，团队的目标是提高模型的准确性。故选D项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“One dubter abut the applicatin f climate mdels is Raffaele Ferrari, a Cecil and Ida Green Prfessr f Oceangraphy at MIT. “Using a mdel, we becme puppeteers, masters f a giant system that is, in truth, beynd human cntrl. We can cl r heat the planet at will, add salt r ice r rain r dust in any amunt we want,” Dr. Ferrari says. “We have n backup planet. Hw climate mdels are used remains t be seen.”(麻省理工学院海洋学Cecil和Ida Green教授 Raffaele Ferrari对气候模型的应用持怀疑态度。“通过模型，我们成为了操纵木偶的大师，成为了一个巨大系统的主人，而这个系统实际上超出了人类的控制。我们可以随意冷却或加热地球，可以随意添加我们想要的盐、冰、雨或灰尘，”Ferrari博士说。“我们没有备用星球。如何使用气候模型还有待观察。”)”可知，Ferrari警告人们如何使用气候模型还有待观察，所以在使用气候模型时应谨慎。故选D项。
第二节（共5小题：每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Culture is ne f the mst imprtant cncepts within scilgy because scilgists recgnize that it plays a crucial rle in ur scial lives. ___16___
Scilgists define the nn-material aspects f culture as the values and beliefs, language, cmmunicatin and practices that are shared in cmmn by a grup f peple. Expanding n these categries, culture is made up f ur knwledge, cmmn sense, assumptins and expectatins. ___17___ It infrms hw we walk, sit, carry ur bdies and interact with thers: hw we behave depending n the place, time and “audience”, and hw we express identities f race, class and gender amng thers.
___18___ This aspect f culture includes a wide variety f things. frm building, technlgical gadgets and clthing, t film, music, literature and art, amng thers. Aspects f material culture are mre cmmnly referred t as cultural prducts.
Scilgists see the tw sides f culture-the material and nn-material-as clsely cnnected. Material culture emerges frm and is shaped by the nn-material aspects f culture. ___19___ But it is nt a ne-way relatinship between material and nn-material culture. Material culture can als influence the nn-material aspects f culture. ___20___ This is why cultural prducts tend t fllw patterns. What has cme befre in terms f music. film, televisin and art, fr example, influences the values, beliefs and expectatins f thse wh interact with them, which then. in turn, influence the creatin f additinal cultural prducts.
A. It is cmpsed f bth nn-material and material things.
B. Withut culture, we wuld nt have relatinships r sciety.
C. Culture is als what we d and hw we behave and perfrm.
D. Material culture is cmpsed f the things that humans make and use.
E. Culture is different frm scial structure and ecnmic aspects f sciety.
F. In ther wrds, what we value, believe and knw influences the things that we make.
G. Fr example, a great dcumentary film might change peple’s attitudes and beliefs.
【答案】16. A 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. G
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社会学概念中文化的各种形式以及内容。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Culture is ne f the mst imprtant cncepts within scilgy because scilgists recgnize that it plays a crucial rle in ur scial lives. (文化是社会学中最重要的概念之一，因为社会学家认识到它在我们的社会生活中起着至关重要的作用。)”可知，前文引出社会学概念中的文化这个话题，本空应继续讨论这一话题。由下文“Scilgists define the nn-material aspects f culture as the values and beliefs, language, cmmunicatin and practices that are shared in cmmn by a grup f peple. Expanding n these categries, culture is made up f ur knwledge, cmmn sense, assumptins and expectatins. (社会学家将文化的非物质方面定义为一群人共同拥有的价值观和信仰、语言、交流和实践。)”可知，由此可知文化在社会学表现为物质和非物质方面。A选项“It is cmpsed f bth nn-material and material things. (它由非物质的和物质的东西组成。)”该项可作为第一段的段尾句，同时引起后文关于文化两个方面的内容，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文“It infrms hw we walk, sit, carry ur bdies and interact with thers: hw we behave depending n the place, time and “audience”, and hw we express identities f race, class and gender. amng thers. (它告诉我们如何走路、坐着、运用身体和与他人互动；我们如何根据地点、时间和“观众”做出行为，以及我们如何表达种族、阶级和性别等身份。)”可知，人们的一些行为也是根据文化本身而进行的，本空是关于文化对行为和表现的影响。C选项“Culture is als what we d and hw we behave and perfrm. (文化也是我们所做的事情以及我们的行为和表现方式。)”提到的“行为和表现”对应后文中出现的“走路、坐着、互动”等，能引起下文，符合题意。故选C。
【18题详解】
根据下文“This aspect f culture includes a wide variety f things. frm building, technlgical gadgets and clthing, t film, music, literature and art, amng thers. (这方面的文化包括各种各样的东西，从建筑、科技产品和服装，到电影、音乐、文学和艺术等等。)”可知，能通过建筑、科技等方式体现的文化指的是文化的物质方面，D选项“Material culture is cmpsed f the things that humans make and use. (物质文化是由人类制造和使用的东西组成的。)”提到的“由人类制造和使用的东西”指的是后文中提到的“建筑、科技产品、服装”等，该项能引起后文，符合题意。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Material culture emerges frm and is shaped by the nn-material aspects f culture. (物质文化产生于文化的非物质方面，并由其塑造。)”可知，文化的物质和非物质方面是相互影响的，尤其是非物质方面会影响物质方面，本空应继续讨论这一话题，F选项“In ther wrds, what we value, believe and knw influences the things that we make. (换句话说，我们所重视的、相信的和知道的影响着我们所做的事情。)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Material culture can als influence the nn-material aspects f culture. (物质文化也能够影响非物质文化。)”可知，本空继续谈论物质文化对非物质文化的影响，G选项“Fr example, a great dcumentary film might change peple’s attitudes and beliefs. (例如，一部伟大的纪录片可能会改变人们的态度和信仰。)”提供了一个具体的例子，这正好是对前文观点的例证，能承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A 24-year-ld Seattle resident Benjamin Ramsay, has been presented with the famus Carnegie Medal. It is the highest ___21___ fr civilian herism in Nrth America.
Ramsay’s heric act ___22___ n April 21, 2021, at Green Lake, where he fearlessly saved a teenage by frm a life-threatening situatin. The cmmittee reprted that the by, while swimming in the lake, was ___23___ abut 80 feet frm the shre and ___24___ t resurface.
___25___ by shuts fr help, Ramsay, a paddler (桨手), paddled tward the chas. Althugh the ___26___ and 18℃ water stpped Ramsay’s ability t see beneath the water’s surface, bubbles rising t the surface near his paddle-bard led him t ___27___ that the by was flded at that spt. Ramsay demnstrated extrardinary ___28___ by diving 15 feet t the lake’s bttm t lcate the uncnscius teenager.
Upn resurfacing, he fund that his paddle-bard was n lnger within ___29___. Ramsay tk a deep breath and repsitined the unrespnsive by. ___30___ an arm arund his chest. He then slwly swam tward the shre.
Ramsay was ___31___ quickly and he struggled t keep bth their heads abve water. A female paddle-barder nearby then ___32___ t them at a pint halfway t the shre. Ramsay grasped nt the bard with ne arm while still carrying the by. The wman leaned acrss her paddle-bard and kicked until she reached shallw water while ___33___ Ramsay and the by tightly.
___34___, the by was mved nt the shre. During ___35___ t revive the by, he expelled (排出) water frm inside his bdy. The teenage by recvered after treatment at a nearby hspital.
21. A. figureB. hnrC. levelD. arm
22. A. unfldedB. fundC. releasedD. lay
23. A. stppedB. tiedC. fldedD. served
24. A. intendedB. prmisedC. decidedD. failed
25. A. AlarmedB. AmazedC. RemindedD. Called
26. A. muddyB. htC. clearD. cld
27. A. expectB. cncludeC. describeD. remember
28. A. wisdmB. patienceC. energyD. bravery
29. A. cnsideratinB. limitC. reachD. pwer
30. A. pullingB. turningC. wrappingD. hanging
31. A. tiredB. relievedC. wrriedD. thrilled
32. A. transprtedB. respndedC. appliedD. cntributed
33. A. staring atB. pulling verC. picking upD. hlding nt
34. A. CasuallyB. OccasinallyC. ApparentlyD. Eventually
35. A. prmisesB. attemptsC. trublesD. instructins
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. D 34. D 35. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Ramsay无畏地从危及生命的情况下拯救了一个十几岁的男孩的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是北美最高的荣誉以表彰平民英雄主义。A. figure数字；B. hnr荣誉；C. level水平；D. arm臂。根据上文“A 24-year-ld Seattle resident Benjamin Ramsay, has been presented with the famus Carnegie Medal.”可知，Carnegie Medal 是一种奖项，这是北美最高的荣誉，因此这里应该选择表示“荣誉”的词语。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ramsay的英雄事迹于2021年4月21日在Green Lake展开，在那里他无畏地从危及生命的情况下拯救了一个十几岁的男孩。A. unflded展开；B. fund发现；C. released释放；D. lay躺。根据下文“n April 21, 2021, at Green Lake, where he fearlessly saved a teenage by frm a life-threatening situatin”可知，这里需要一个动词来描述英勇行为的发生。unflded 表示“展开”，在这里可以理解为“发生”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：委员会报告说，这名男孩在湖中游泳时被淹，距离岸边约80英尺，并且未能重新浮出水面。A. stpped停止；B. tied绑住；C. flded淹没；D. served服务。根据上文“where he fearlessly saved a teenage by frm a life-threatening situatin”和下文“abut 80 feet frm the shre”可知，这里是描述男孩落水的情况，所以选择用flded表示“被淹”。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. intended打算；B. prmised承诺；C. decided决定；D. failed失败。根据上文“where he fearlessly saved a teenage by frm a life-threatening situatin”和下文“t resurface”可知，这里需要表达的是“未能浮出水面”，因此用failed，fail t d sth.“未能做某事，没能做成某事”。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：对呼救声的警觉使划桨手Ramsay朝混乱的人群划去。A. Alarmed使担心，使惊恐，使警觉；B. Amazed使惊讶；C. Reminded提醒；D. Called呼叫。根据下文“by shuts fr help”可知，这里需要表达的是Ramsay因听到呼救声的反应，听到呼救后他很警觉，知道有人需要帮助。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然浑浊的湖水和18℃的水温使Ramsay无法看清水下的情况，但是水面上升腾的气泡使他得出结论，男孩就在那个位置。A. muddy浑浊的；B. ht热的；C. clear清澈的；D. cld冷的。根据下文“and 18℃ water stpped Ramsay’s ability t see beneath the water’s surface”可知，这里需要描述湖水的状态，由于无法看到水底情况，推测是由于湖水浑浊。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. expect期待；B. cnclude得出结论；C. describe描述；D. remember记住。根据上文“bubbles rising t the surface near his paddle-bard led him t”和下文“that the by was flded at that spt”可知，这里需要表达的是Ramsay通过观察气泡得出了结论。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Ramsay潜水到湖底寻找失去意识的少年，展示了非凡的勇气。A. wisdm智慧；B. patience耐心；C. energy精力；D. bravery勇气。根据下文“by diving 15 feet t the lake’s bttm t lcate the uncnscius teenager”可知，这里需要表达的是Ramsay潜水救人展现出来的勇气。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：浮出水面后，他发现自己原来的滑板不在伸手可及的范围内。A. cnsideratin考虑；B. limit限制；C. reach范围，臂展；D. pwer力量。根据上文“he fund that his paddle-bard was n lnger within”可知，这里需要表达的是滑板不在伸手可及的范围内。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他深吸一口气，重新安置了失去反应的男孩，用一只手臂环住他的胸部。A. pulling拉；B. turning转向；C. wrapping环绕，环住；D. hanging悬挂。根据下文“an arm arund his chest”可知，这里需要表达的是Ramsay用手臂环住男孩的胸部。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Ramsay很快感到疲劳，并且努力让两人的头都保持在水面以上。A. tired疲惫的；B. relieved松了一口气；C. wrried担心的；D. thrilled激动的。根据上文“he fund that his paddle-bard was n lnger within”和下文“he struggled t keep bth their heads abve water”可知，用不了滑板，救男孩的时候，Ramsay在水中很快感到疲惫。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：附近的一位女性划桨者随后回应他们。A. transprted运输；B. respnded回应；C. applied申请；D. cntributed贡献。根据下文“t them at a pint halfway t the shre. Ramsay grasped nt the bard with ne arm while still carrying the by. The wman leaned acrss her paddle-bard and kicked until she reached shallw water”可知，一位女性划桨者帮助了他们，这里需要表达的是女性划桨者对他们的求救做出了回应。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她跨过她的滑板，踢水直到到达浅水区，同时紧紧抓住Ramsay和男孩。A. staring at盯着看；B. pulling ver靠边停；C. picking up捡起；D. hlding nt抓住。根据下文“Ramsay and the by tightly”可知，这里需要表达的是女性划桨者紧紧抓住Ramsay和男孩。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终，男孩被移至岸上。A. Casually随意地；B. Occasinally偶尔地；C. Apparently显然地；D. Eventually最终。根据下文“the by was mved nt the shre”可知，这里需要表达的是最终的结果。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在尝试复苏男孩的过程中，男孩将体内的水排出。A. prmises承诺；B. attempts尝试；C. trubles麻烦；D. instructins指示。根据下文“t revive the by, he expelled (排出) water frm inside his bdy”可知，这里需要表达的是尝试复苏的过程。故选B。
★第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
At the 2024 China Ice and Snw Turism Develpment Frum held n Friday in Harbin. Heilngjiang prvince. Harbin Ice and Snw Wrld ___36___ (recgnize) by Guinness Wrld Recrds as the wrld’s largest ice and snw park, with an area f 816,682.5 square meters. The park, ___37___ cmbines ice, snw, sund and lights, ___38___ (fficial) pened fr its 25th year. ___39___ (turist) can be amazed at mre than 1,000 wrks f art made f mre than 250,000 cubic meters f ice and snw r participate in numerus activities, including a 521-meter ice slide, the lngest ne ___40___ (build) at the park t date. A giant Ferris wheel in the shape f a snwflake has been built t prvide ___41___ unique experience in the dazzling (耀眼的) wrld after dark.
The 40th Harbin Internatinal Ice and Snw Festival-the city’s annual winter gala-kicked ff at the park,___42___ (welcme) peple frm arund the wrld. “Heilngjiang nt nly has plentiful ice and snw resurces___43___ it is als the birthplace f China’s mdern ice and snw industry.” Heilngjiang Gvernr Liang Huiling said at the pening ceremny. “Currently, ___44___ (prmte) the ice and snw ecnmy, Heilngjiang is vividly develping cultural turism and carrying ut activities.” The park’s ___45___ (ppular) has aided the develpment f the whle prvince’s snw and ice ecnmy, she added.
【答案】36. was recgnized 37. which 38. fficially 39. Turists 40. built
41. a 42. welcming 43. but 44. t prmte 45. ppularity
【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了哈尔滨冰雪大世界在“2024中国冰雪旅游发展论坛”上被吉尼斯世界纪录认定为世界上最大的冰雪主题公园，并且详细介绍了哈尔滨冰雪大世界以及黑龙江的冰雪旅游。
【36题详解】
考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：哈尔滨冰雪大世界被吉尼斯世界纪录认定为世界上最大的冰雪公园，面积为816682.5平方米。由by可知，句子用被动语态，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语Harbin Ice and Snw Wrld 是单数，因此空格处是was recgnized。故填was recgnized。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这个集冰雪、声音和灯光于一体的公园正式开放了25年。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词The park是公园，因此空格处用关系代词which，故填which。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：这个集冰雪、声音和灯光于一体的公园正式开放了25年。空格处用副词修饰动词pened，fficial的副词是fficially，意为“正式地”，故填fficially。
【39题详解】
考查名词的复数。句意：游客们可以惊叹于由超过25万立方米的冰雪制成的1000多件艺术品，或者参加众多活动，包括521米的冰滑梯，这是该公园迄今为止建造的最长的冰滑梯。turist是可数名词，不止一个，因此空格处用复数，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Turists。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：游客们可以惊叹于由超过25万立方米的冰雪制成的1000多件艺术品，或者参加众多活动，包括521米的冰滑梯，这是该公园迄今为止建造的最长的冰滑梯。句中谓语是can be amazed，空格处用非谓语动词，ne和build之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此空格处用过去分词表被动，故填built。
【41题详解】
考查冠词。句意：一个巨大的雪花形状的摩天轮已经建成，在黑暗的炫目世界中提供独特的体验。experience是可数名词，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，unique是辅音音素开头，因此空格处用a，故填a。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：第40届哈尔滨国际冰雪节——这座城市一年一度的冬季盛会——在公园拉开帷幕，欢迎来自世界各地的人们。句中谓语是kicked，空格处用非谓语动词，The 40th Harbin Internatinal Ice and Snw Festival和welcme之间是主谓关系，因此空格处用现在分词表主动，故填welcming。
【43题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：黑龙江不仅冰雪资源丰富，还是中国现代冰雪产业的发祥地。nt als...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，因此空格处是but，故填but。
【44题详解】
考查不定式。句意：目前，为了促进冰雪经济，黑龙江正在积极发展文化旅游，开展活动。根据语境可知，句子表示“为了促进冰雪经济，黑龙江正在积极发展文化旅游，开展活动”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填t prmte。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：她补充说，冰雪公园的受欢迎程度促进了全省冰雪经济的发展。park’s后跟名词，ppular的名词是ppularity，是不可数名词，意为“受欢迎程度”。故填ppularity。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是李华，是你班英语课代表。本学期初，新外教Ryan想了解同学们对口语课的建议。请你代表班级给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1. 感兴趣的话题；
2. 考试形式。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Ryan,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】
Dear Ryan,
Wrds fail t express ur delight t knw that yu will be ur new ral English teacher. I’ve gathered lts f suggestins frm ur class as yu required. Hpefully, ur tips can be f help.
When it cmes t ur favrite tpics, we find thse cncerning campus life in yur cuntry the mst appealing. Fr example, tpics ranging frm schl clubs t sprts activities will surely aruse ur interest. As fr the final exam, accustmed t an ral ne with a freign teacher testing every ne f us in turn, we’re wndering if there culd be a different way t evaluate ur cmpetence, whether it’s a grup presentatin, a debate r a drama perfrmance.
Thank yu fr taking ur suggestins int cnsideratin. We hpe that we’ll have a gd time tgether.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
There is a stry frm many years ag f a primary schl teacher. Her name was Mrs. Thmpsn. And as she std in frnt f the 5th grade class n the very first day f schl, she tld the children a lie. Like mst teachers, she lked at her students and said that she lved them all the same.
But that was impssible because there in the frnt rw, slumped (萎靡不振) in his seat, was a little by named Teddy Stddard.
Mrs. Thmpsn had watched Teddy the year befre and nticed that he didn’t play well with the ther children, his clthes were messy and cnstantly needed a bath. And, Teddy culd be unpleasant.
It gt t the pint where Mrs. Thmpsn wuld actually take delight in making his papers with a red pen, making bld Xs and then putting a “F” at the tp f his papers. At the schl where Mrs. Thmpsn taught, she was required t relieve each child’s past recrds and she put Teddy’s ff until last.
Hwever, when she relieved his file, she was surprised, Teddy’s first grade teacher wrte, “Teddy is a bright child with a ready laugh. He des his wrk neatly and has gd manners. . . he is a jy t be arund.”
His secnd grade teacher wrte, “Teddy is an excellent student, well liked by his classmates. But he is trubled because his mther has a terminal illness (绝症) and life at hme must be a struggle.”
His third grade teacher wrte, “His mther’s death has been hard n him. He tried t d his best but his father desn’t shw much interest in him, and his hme life will be in truble.”
Teddy’s furth grade teacher wrte, “Teddy is withdrawn and desn’t shw much interest in schl. He desn’t have many friends and smetimes sleeps in class.”
By nw, Mrs. Thmpsn realized the prblem and she was ashamed f herself. She felt even wrse when her students brught her Christmas presents, wrapped in beautiful paper and tied with pretty ribbns, except fr Teddy’s. His present was clumsily wrapped in the heavy, brwn paper that he gt frm a grcery bag.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Mrs. Thmpsn pened it in the middle f the ther presents.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
After the children left, she cried fr at least an hur.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Mrs. Thmpsn pened it in the middle f the ther presents. Inside, she fund a small, well carved wden jewelry bx, its edges wrn but plished with evident care. Lying within was a simple necklace, a single pearl suspended n a delicate chain. Attached was a nte, Teddy’s handwriting scrawled acrss it: “Mrs. Thmpsn, yu are my shining pearl. Thank yu fr being my teacher.” Overwhelmed by the heartfelt gesture frm the child she had s harshly judged, tears welled up in her eyes. She managed a smile and thanked Teddy, wh beamed back at her with a rare twinkle f hpe.
After the children left, she cried fr at least an hur. The weight f her misjudgment and the realizatin f Teddy’s immense pain crushed her heart. She vwed t be the teacher Teddy deserved. Frm that day frward, Mrs. Thmpsn made a cnscius effrt t encurage Teddy, praising his effrts, ffering extra help, and shwing him the warmth and attentin he s desperately needed. Slwly but surely, Teddy began t blm under her care, his grades imprving, his demeanr brightening, and his relatinships with classmates strengthening. Mrs. Thmpsn learned that lve, like the pearl in the bx, might appear rugh and unassuming n the utside, but hlds immeasurable value when truly seen and cherished.