上海市浦东新区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份上海市浦东新区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版），共19页。
Directins: In Sectin A, yu will hear ten shrt cnversatins between tw speakers. At the end f each cnversatin, a questin will be asked abut what was said. The cnversatins and the questins will be spken nly nce. After yu hear a cnversatin and the questin abut it, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
1.
A. At a restaurant. B. In a pet shp.
C. At a clinic.D. On a bat.
【答案】A
【原文】W: May I make a recmmendatin, sir? Our seafd with this special sauce is very gd.
M: Thank yu. But my dctr suggested that I shuldn’t eat any seafd recently.
Questin: Where des this cnversatin mst prbably take place?
2.
A. The wman.B. The wman’s mther.
C. The man.D. The children.
【答案】A
【原文】W: We can either take ur children with us t the cinema r t my mther’s huse.
M: Well. I’ll leave it up t yu.
Questin: Wh will make the final decisin?
3.
A. Teacher and student.B. Dctr and patient.
C. Husband and wife.D. Bss and secretary.
【答案】D
【原文】W: Hw are yu getting n with the schedules?
M: I’ve almst finished them, Mr. White. I just have ne r tw mre ntes t type. D yu have anything else fr me t d?
Questin: What’s the prbable relatinship between the tw speakers?
4.
A. She will g t schl in the man’s car.B. She will jin him in his exercise class.
C. She will give the man a ride.D. She will ride her bicycle t the schl.
【答案】D
【原文】W: I will drive t the schl tday. D yu want t g with me?
M: Thanks, but yu may cycle with me. I believe exercise will d yu gd.
Questin: What will the wman prbably d?
5.
A. Make a plan carefully.B. Give her mre infrmatin.
C. Ask mre peple fr advice.D. Buy a gift fr his father.
【答案】B
【原文】W: My father’s birthday is rund the crner, and I’m lking fr a gift fr him. Any suggestins?
M: Well, yu have t tell me smething abut yur father. Als, hw much d yu plan t spend?
Questin: What des the wman want the man t d?
6.
A. He didn’t tell the wman the truth.B. He desn’t keep his prmises.
C. He spends his spare time ging t parties.D. He is always ready t help thers.
【答案】B
【原文】W: Jhn said he wuld cme t help with the preparatin fr the party when he had time.
M: He ften says he is willing t help but he never turns up.
Questin. What des the man imply abut Jhn?
7.
A. The wman feels srry fr the man.B. The man is a member f the staff.
C. The wman is asking the man t leave.D. The area is fr passengers nly.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Excuse me sir. Yu’re nt suppsed t be here. This area is reserved fr airprt staff nly.
M: I’m srry. I didn’t ntice the sign.
Questin: What can be learned frm the cnversatin?
8.
A. Relieved.B. Cnfused.C. Annyed.D. Sympathetic.
【答案】C
【原文】W: Tm, I wish yu wuld keep the radi switched ff. I am struggling n the paper fr tmrrw.
M: I have tld yu repeatedly never t leave yur wrk till the last minute.
Questin. Hw des the man feel?
9.
A. Turn the alarm ff.B. Mve his alarm farther.
C. Catch a later bus.D. G t bed earlier.
【答案】B
【原文】W: I missed the bus again tday, because I turned the alarm clck ff in my sleep. I didn’t knw what t d.
M: Try putting it far enugh away frm yur bed s that yu have t get ut t turn it ff.
Questin: What des the wman suggest the man d?
10.
A. The girl’s request will be granted.B. The girl is utstanding in the class.
C. The girl has cmpleted the curse.D. Only the girl tk the make-up exam.
【答案】A
【原文】W: May I take a make-up exam fr my math. Otherwise I wn’t be able t cmplete the curse.
M: All the make-up exams were held last week, but yur situatin is quite exceptinal.
Questin. What can be cncluded frm the cnversatin?
Sectin B
Directins: In Sectin B, yu will hear tw passages and ne lnger cnversatin. After each passage r cnversatin, yu will be asked several questins. The passages and the cnversatin will be read twice, but the questins will be spken nly nce. When yu hear a questin, read the fur pssible answers n yur paper, and decide which ne is the best answer t the questin yu have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
11.
A. Because she wasn’t being taken seriusly.
B. Because she deserved respect frm thers.
C. Because she dressed imprperly.
D. Because she was nt capable enugh.
12.
A. Answering questins readily.B. Rewarding thers generusly.
C. Respecting thers highly.D. Expressing pinins frankly.
13.
A. Hw t speak yur mind.B. Where t start yur hnesty.
C. What t d t becme ppular.D. Whm t talk t when yu want t.
【答案】11. C 12. D 13. A
【原文】If yu are ging t be a straight talker, yu have t believe that it’s a virtue. If yu have an pinin and yu just state it, it allws the ther persn t either try t change yur pinin r t agree with yu. If yu are quiet, peple think yu agree. Hw can yu then further the cnversatin when yu have different pinins and they are nt really expsed? Agreeing is easy. Disagreeing takes mre curage. Several years back when I was CEO at Autdesk, there was a very senir level wman wh was very smart and well-spken, but she did nt wear apprpriate clthes. It was distracting and she was nt being taken seriusly. I said t her manager, wh was male, yu need t tell her. He said, h, n way. S I called her in and frankly stated what I thught was happening. I tld her, yu’re nt getting the respect yu deserve, I said. G and get a persnal shpper. Just say, I’m a senir business persn and need help dressing apprpriately. She came back and hnest t Gd, it was a different persn. She said she felt really gd and her prmtin went way up. Early in my business career, if peple asked me a questin, I’d try t answer it hnestly, and that was rewarded. I had managers wh wanted me arund because I wuld actually tell them what was happening.
Questin: Why d the speaker have a talk with a senir level wman?
Questin: What made the speaker ppular with the managers?
Questin: What is the passage mainly abut?
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
14.
A. Because it can help avid crp diseases.
B. Because it can help imprve the quality f crps.
C. Because it may cntribute t the increase in ppulatin.
D. Because it may imprve farming methds in the future.
15.
A. Climate change.B. Appearance f new crps.
C. Lss f nrmal grwth area.D. Pr management f land.
16.
A. Expanding fields fr larger crp harvests.
B. Fertilizing crps t fight against plant diseases.
C. Raising peple’s awareness f the need fr crp variety.
D. Applying mdern farming methds in heavily-ppulated areas.
【答案】14. A 15. B 16. C
【原文】W: Agricultural experts say crp variety is imprtant t feed the increasing ppulatin f ur planet. They say having a large variety f plants als helps t prtect against pssible crp diseases and future crises. Hundreds f thusands f different plants nw exist. But many experts say the number has decreased sharply during the past century. One f the wrld’s largest seed cnservatin prjects has predicted further lsses. Experts warn that up t 100,000 plant species culd permanently disappear. The rich cllectin f genes that decide their qualities wuld disappear with them. Many experts blame climate change and lss f nrmal grwth area fr damaging plant life. They say human activities and prly planned, verly heavy use f land als are respnsible. The United Natins Fd and Agriculture Organizatin says mdern business farming is respnsible fr lss f farmers’ traditinal crp varieties. The green revlutin f the 20th century changed agriculture. Sme experts say the use f mdern cmmercial farming methds saved millins f peple frm starvatin. Farmers planted, watered and fertilized their crps with the help f machines. They treated their fields with chemicals t cntrl insects and diseases. Harvests grew larger and higher quality. But anther result was that sme traditinal crps were lst. A nt-fr-prfit grup based in USA was established in 1975 t save and share high quality seeds. It als wrks t educate peple abut the need fr genetic variety.
Questins:
1.Why is crp variety imprtant?
2.Which f the fllwing is nt the cause f the damage t plant life?
3.Besides saving seeds, what actin is being taken t prevent the lss f crp variety?
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
17.
A. Chinese.B. Chinese culture.C. Architecture.D. French.
18.
A. The cming February.B. The cming hlidays.
C. The cming Autumn.D. The cming December.
【答案】17. A 18. D
【原文】M: Yu are Linda Pwell frm Britain, aren’t yu? Hw d yu d?
W: Hw d yu d?
M: Yes, I am. I registered fr this summer curse by email n the 15th f February. And are yu Mr. Li?
M: Yes, I’m the teacher f this curse. Yu’re welcme t be here t study Chinese.
W: Thanks a lt. I’m interested in Chinese culture very much. By the way, hw many students are there in a class?
M: Each class has a register f eight students. They cme frm different cuntries.
W: That’s t say, I can make many new friends. I like it.
M: It will take us tw mnths t learn this curse. When will yu have t return t Britain?
W: I’ll be returning t Lndn in the cming December. Will yu be attending schl at that time?
M: Yes, I have t cntinue my lessns at cllege in Lndn.
M: What d yu majr in at yur cllege?
W: I majr in architecture. This is ne f the reasns why I want t knw mre abut Chinese culture.
M: Okay. I quite understand. And I think yu’ll gain a lt in ur summer curse.
Questins: What des the wman like t learn in the summer curse?
Questins: When will the wman decide t g back t Lndn?
II. Grammar and Vcabulary
Sectin A
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
A T-shirt seems like a simple and rdinary item f clthing, but behind it lies a cmplex and eye-pening stry when it cmes ____19____ envirnmental prtectin.
Let’s start frm the very beginning. The cttn ____20____ (use) t make the T-shirt is grwn in large fields. Farmers ften rely n a large number f chemical fertilizers and pesticides t ensure high yields. These chemicals nt nly pllute the sil and water but als harm the eclgical balance f the surrunding areas. Bees and ther beneficial insects, ____21____ are crucial fr pllinatin (授粉), are affected, and the bidiversity f the area declines.
After the cttn is harvested, it ____22____ (send)t a textile factry. In the factry, a lt f water is cnsumed in the prcesses f washing, spinning, and dyeing. The wastewater is ften full f harmful substances in the dyeing prcess. ____23____ nt prperly treated, this wastewater will flw int rivers and lakes, causing water pllutin.
Once the T-shirt is made, it is shipped t varius parts f the wrld. The transprtatin prcess ____24____ (influence) significantly the envirnment since then. Trucks, ships, and planes used fr shipping all cnsume fssil fuels and emit carbn dixide and ther greenhuse gases, ____25____ (cntribute)t glbal warming.
When we buy and wear the T-shirt, ur daily washing habits als have an impact. Even when we n lnger want t wear the T-shirt, ____26____ we d matters after that. If it is simply thrwn away and ends up in a landfill, it will take a lng time t decmpse. Hwever, if we chse t dnate it r recycle it, it can be given a new life, reducing the need fr new T-shirts ____27____ (prduce) and cnserving resurces.
In cnclusin, the stry f a T-shirt shws us that every step in the life cycle f a prduct has an impact n the envirnment. As cnsumers, we shuld be mre aware f these issues and make mre envirnmentally-friendly chice. Only in this way _____28_____ we cntribute t the prtectin f ur planet.
【答案】19. t 20. used 21. which 22. is sent 23. If 24. has influenced 25. cntributing
26. what 27. t be prduced 28. can
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章以T恤为例，阐述产品生命周期各环节对环境的影响。
【19题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：一件 T 恤看似是简单平常的衣物，但当涉及到环境保护时，其背后有着复杂且令人大开眼界的故事。when it cmes t...是固定搭配，意为“当涉及到……”。故填t。
【20题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用来制作 T 恤的棉花是在大片田地里种植的。“cttn”与“use” 之间是被动关系，即棉花被用来……，用过去分词作后置定语，修饰“cttn”。故填used。
【21题详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：蜜蜂和其他对授粉至关重要的有益昆虫受到影响，该地区的生物多样性下降。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Bees and ther beneficial insects”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which 引导。故填which。
【22题详解】考查时态和语态。句意：棉花收获后，被送到纺织厂。“it”指代“the cttn”，与“send” 之间是被动关系，且描述一般生产流程，用一般现在时的被动语态，结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语“it”是单数，be 动词用is，“send”的过去分词是“sent”。故填is sent。
【23题详解】考查连词。句意：如果处理不当，这种废水会流入河流和湖泊，造成水污染。根据语境，这里表示假设，用 if 引导条件状语从句，意为“如果”首字母大写。故填If。
【24题详解】考查时态。句意：从那时起，运输过程就对环境产生了重大影响。根据“since then” 可知，用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语“The transprtatin prcess”是单数，助动词用 has，“influence”的过去分词是“influenced”。故填has influenced。
【25题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用于运输的卡车、轮船和飞机都消耗化石燃料，排放二氧化碳和其他温室气体，导致全球变暖。“Trucks, ships, and planes used fr shipping all cnsume fssil fuels and emit carbn dixide and ther greenhuse gases” 这件事导致了“cntributing t glbal warming” 这个结果，主语与“cntribute”之间是主动关系，用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填cntributing。
【26题详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意：即使我们不再想穿这件 T 恤，之后我们的做法也很重要。“we d”是主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物，用what 引导，what在从句中作宾语，意为“…… 的事情”。故填what。
【27题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，如果我们选择捐赠或回收它，它可以获得新生，减少对新 T 恤生产的需求并节约资源。“new T-shirts”与“prduce”之间是被动关系，且表示将要，用动词不定式的被动形式“t be prduced”作后置定语，修饰“new T-shirts”。故填t be prduced。
【28题详解】考查倒装句和情态动词。句意：只有这样，我们才能为保护我们的星球做出贡献。“Only + 状语” 位于句首时，句子要部分倒装，将情态动词、助动词或 be 动词提前，根据语境，这里用 can 表示“能够”。故填can。
Sectin B
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the wrds in the bx. Each wrd can nly be used nce. Nte that there is ne wrd mre than yu need.
When it cmes t physical beauty, different cultures have their wn unique ideals that are shaped by a variety f factrs, including histry, gegraphy, religin, and scial nrms. Beauty is a ____29____ that has been interpreted and redefined thrughut histry and acrss varius cultures.
In Western cultures, especially in mdern times, a slim figure has ften been ____30____ as beauty fr wmen. This ideal can be ____31____ back t the influence f fashin and media. Mdels and celebrities with slender bdies are frequently featured in magazines, advertisements, and n the runway, setting a standard that many strive t achieve. Pale r fair skin was nce ____32____ regarded in Western histry, as it was a sign f wealth and nbility, indicating that ne did nt have t wrk utdrs in the sun. Hwever, in recent decades, tanned skin has becme increasingly ppular, seen as a ____33____ f health and an active utdr lifestyle.
In cntrast, many African cultures have ____34____ ideals f physical beauty. In sme tribes, a fuller bdy size is cnsidered attractive fr wmen. This is because it signifies prsperity and ____35____. Fr instance, in parts f Nigeria and Senegal, wmen may ____36____ special rituals and cnsume certain fds t gain weight in preparatin fr marriage, as a plump bdy is seen as a desirable trait in a wife. In additin, sme African cultures value unique physical markings and adrnments (装饰品). Tatts, scarificatin, and the wearing f elabrate jewelry and headdresses are all ways t enhance ne’s beauty and express ne’s cultural ____37____.
These examples ____38____ that the cncept f ideal physical beauty is nt universal but rather a reflectin f the values and traditins f each culture.
【答案】29. K 30. D 31. I 32. C 33. H 34. E 35. F 36. B 37. G 38. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕不同文化中独特的审美观念展开，对比了西方文化和非洲文化里对身体美的不同认知，表明理想美是文化价值与传统的体现。
【29题详解】考查名词。句意：美是一个在历史长河中、在不同文化里被不断诠释和重新定义的概念。根据后文“has been interpreted and redefined thrughut histry and acrss varius cultures”可知，这里描述的是“美”这一事物在不同时间和文化背景下的定义变化，所以“美”是一个抽象的“概念”。“cncept”意为“概念”，符合语境。故选项K。
【30题详解】考查动词的过去分词。句意：在西方文化中，尤其是在现代，苗条的身材常常被视为女性的美。结合西方现代文化的特点，“slim figure”和“beauty fr wmen”之间存在一种认知上的关联，“be perceived as”是固定表达，意思是“被视为”，能准确表达出西方文化中人们对女性身材美的普遍认知。故选项D。
【31题详解】考查动词的过去分词。句意：这种理想可以追溯到时尚和媒体的影响。由“the influence f fashin and media”可知，这里要说明以苗条为美的审美观念和时尚、媒体影响之间存在时间上的溯源关系。“be tracked back t”是固定短语，用于表示事物的起源，恰好能体现出这种审美理想的源头。故选项I。
【32题详解】考查副词。句意：在西方历史上，白皙的皮肤曾被高度重视，因为它是财富和贵族的象征，表明一个人不必在户外阳光下劳作。根据“as it was a sign f wealth and nbility, indicating that ne did nt have t wrk utdrs in the sun”可知，在西方历史特定背景下，白皙皮肤代表着财富和贵族身份，所以受到很高程度的重视。“highly”作为副词，修饰“regarded”，表示重视的程度高。故选项C。
【33题详解】考查名词。句意：然而，近几十年来，古铜色皮肤变得越来越受欢迎，被视为健康和积极户外生活方式的象征。“tanned skin has becme increasingly ppular”以及“health and an active utdr lifestyle”表明，在当下西方文化中，古铜色皮肤和健康、积极户外生活方式之间有了一种象征联系。“a symbl f”表示“……的象征”，符合这种文化认知。故选项H。
【34题详解】考查形容词。句意：相比之下，许多非洲文化有各种各样的身体美理想。通过“in cntrast”可知，这里是将非洲文化和前文提到的西方文化进行对比，西方文化有特定的审美标准，而非洲文化的审美应该具有多样性。“varius”意为“各种各样的”，能体现出非洲文化审美理想的丰富性。故选项E。
【35题详解】考查名词。句意：这是因为它象征着繁荣和优雅。根据“a fuller bdy size is cnsidered attractive fr wmen”和“it signifies prsperity”，结合非洲一些部落的文化背景，丰满身材除了象征繁荣，还应和一种美好的特质相关。“elegance”表示“优雅”，在这种文化中丰满身材能体现出繁荣与优雅的特质。故选项F。
【36题详解】考查动词。句意：例如，在尼日利亚和塞内加尔的部分地区，女性可能会经历特殊的仪式，食用某些食物来增加体重，为婚姻做准备，因为丰满的身材被视为妻子的理想特质。从“special rituals and cnsume certain fds t gain weight in preparatin fr marriage”可知，女性为了达到丰满身材以符合婚姻中的审美标准，会去做一些事情。“experience”有“经历”之意，“experience special rituals”即经历特殊仪式，符合女性为婚姻做准备的行为逻辑。故选项B。
【37题详解】考查名词。句意：纹身、割礼以及佩戴精致的珠宝和头饰都是增强个人美感和表达个人文化身份的方式。“unique physical markings and adrnments”、“enhance ne’s beauty”以及“cultural”等信息表明，非洲文化中这些独特的装饰和标记与文化相关，是用来表达个人与文化之间联系的。“cultural identity”表示“文化身份”，人们通过这些方式来彰显自己所属的文化。故选项G。
【38题详解】考查动词。句意：这些例子说明了理想身体美的概念并非普遍适用，而是每个文化的价值观和传统的反映。前文分别列举了西方和非洲文化中不同的审美例子，最后得出“the cncept f ideal physical beauty is nt universal but rather a reflectin f the values and traditins f each culture”这一结论，说明这些例子是用来支撑这个观点的。“illustrate”意为“说明，阐明”，能准确表达出例子和结论之间的关系。故选项A。
III. Reading Cmprehensin
Sectin A
Directins: Fr each blank in the fllwing passage there are fur wrds r phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the wrd r phrase that best fits the cntext.
The term “staycatin” means vacatins that yu take at hme r near yur hme rather than traveling t anther place. It is clsely ____39____ with less pllutin, saving mney and nt cntributing t the verwhelming disrder that takes place in sme f the wrld’s mst turistic areas. The cncept f staycatin was brn at the time f the 2008 market ____40____ in the United States. Because f it, many husehlds were frced t ____41____ their expenses and cnsequently limit their vacatin budget. The shrtage f mney t travel abrad is at the rigin f why many peple started t (re)discver their mst ____42____ surrundings.
At the same time, awareness f the ____43____ impacts f turism, especially n what cncerns the impacts f transprtatin, started t increase t. And s did the perceptin that sme f the main cities (abrad) are increasingly verladed with peple — with places such as Barcelna, Venice, r the Seychelles planning n ____44____ a turist cap.
Staycatin appears like a great slutin fr the ____45____ abve mentined. It is a great way f spending jyful vacatins while helping ne’s ____46____ and the envirnment. ___47___. staying clse t hme eliminates the budget fr accmmdatin and transprt.
Apart frm the financial ____48____ gained by leaving behind expensive plane tickets r by nt bking htel rms that aren’t cheap, staycatin als has the benefit f keeping harmful emissin in the grund.
39. A. cnnectedB. annuncedC. packedD. prtested
40. A. surrundingsB. versinC. crisisD. guideline
41. A. restrictB. prtestC. rescueD. stretch
42. A. entireB. immediateC. accurateD. remarkable
43. A. awkwardB. externalC. agriculturalD. envirnmental
44. A. intrducingB. revisingC. pstpningD. raising
45. A. challengesB. systemsC. tasksD. applicatins
46. A. habitatB. ccupatinC. pcketD. mvement
47. A. In additinB. In spite fC. In factD. On the cntrary
48. A. versinsB. patternsC. samplesD. savings
【答案】39. A 40. C 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. A 46. C 47. C 48. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了“宅度假（staycatin）”这一概念。它指在家或家附近度假，与减少污染、省钱等紧密相关。其诞生于 2008 年美国市场危机时期，当时人们因经济原因及对旅游环境影响的认知提升，开始选择宅度假，这种度假方式既节省开支又保护环境。
【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它与减少污染、省钱以及避免造成世界上一些热门旅游地区的过度混乱密切相关。A. cnnected联系；B. annunced宣布；C. packed打包；D. prtested抗议。根据上文“The term “staycatin” means vacatins that yu take at hme r near yur hme rather than traveling t anther place.”可知，这里指宅度假与减少污染、省钱以及避免造成世界上一些热门旅游地区的过度混乱密切相关，故选A。
【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：宅度假的概念诞生于 2008 年美国市场危机时期。A. surrundings环境；B. versin版本；C. crisis危机；D. guideline指导方针。根据下文“Because f it, many husehlds were frced expenses and cnsequently limit their vacatin budget.”可知，人们因经济原因改变度假方式，所以是市场危机，故选C。
【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，许多家庭被迫限制开支，从而限制他们的度假预算。A. restrict限制；B. prtest抗议；C. rescue救援；D. stretch伸展。根据下文“cnsequently limit their vacatin budget.”可知，因为经济危机，所以限制开支，故选A。
【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：出国旅游资金的短缺是许多人开始（重新）发现他们周边最近地方的原因。A. entire整个的；B. immediate立即的，最接近的；C. accurate准确的；D. remarkable非凡的。根据上文“near yur hme”可知，因为不能去远的地方，所以关注周边最近的地方，故选B。
【43题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，人们对旅游业环境影响的认识，尤其是对交通影响的认识也开始提高。A. awkward尴尬的；B. external外部的；C. agricultural农业的；D. envirnmental环境的。根据下文“especially n what cncerns the impacts f transprtatin, started t increase t”可知，提到交通影响，属于环境方面，故选D。
【44题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：人们也愈发意识到，一些（国外的）主要城市人满为患，像巴塞罗那、威尼斯或塞舌尔等地都计划引入游客上限。A. intrducing引入；B. revising修改；C. pstpning推迟；D. raising提高。根据下文“a turist cap.”可知，这里指引入游客数量限制，故选A。
【45题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：宅度假似乎是解决上述挑战的好办法。A. challenges挑战；B. systems系统；C. tasks任务；D. applicatins申请。根据上文“At the same time, awareness f f turism, especially n what cncerns the impacts f transprtatin,”可知，前面提到的经济和环境等问题是挑战，故选A。
【46题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一种既能享受快乐假期，又能帮助自己省钱和保护环境的好方法。A. habitat栖息地；B. ccupatin职业；C. pcket口袋，这里指钱包，即省钱；D. mvement运动。根据上文“saving mney”可知，宅度假能省钱，故选C。
【47题详解】考查短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，在离家近的地方度假省去了住宿和交通预算。A. In additin此外；B. In spite f尽管；C. In fact事实上；D. On the cntrary相反。根据下文“staying clse t hme eliminates the budget fr accmmdatin and transprt.”可知，这里是对宅度假好处的进一步说明，表示实际情况。故选C。
【48题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了不用买昂贵机票或预订不便宜的酒店房间而节省的资金外，宅度假还有减少有害排放的好处。A. versins版本；B. patterns模式；C. samples样品；D. savings节省。根据上文“saving mney”可知，这里指节省的钱，故选D。
Sectin B
Directins: Read the fllwing fur passages. Each passage is fllwed by several questins. Fr each f them there are fur chices marked A, B, C and D. Chse the ne that fits best accrding t the infrmatin given in the passage yu have just read.
A
The Old Man and the Sea, written by Ernest Hemingway, is a timeless nvella abut an aging Cuban fisherman named Santiag. Fr eighty-fur cnsecutive days, Santiag struggles withut catching a single fish, becming a symbl f bad luck in his small castal village. His yung apprentice, Manlin, admires Santiag deeply but is frced by his parents t leave the ld man’s bat and jin a mre successful fisherman. Despite his lneliness and the villagers’ pity, Santiag remains determined. On the eighty-fifth day, he ventures far int the Gulf Stream, where he hks a massive marlin — a fish larger than his wn bat.
The marlin drags Santiag’s bat fr tw days and nights. The ld man, weakened by hunger and exhaustin, battles the fish with every unce f strength, refusing t surrender. “Pain des nt matter t a man,” he whispers, embdying his cde f resilience. When he finally kills the marlin, he ties it t the side f his bat, nly t face a new threat: sharks attracted by the marlin’s bld. Santiag fights fiercely with makeshift weapns — harpns, ars, and even a knife — but the sharks strip the marlin t its skeletn.
Returning t shre, Santiag cllapses in his hut. Thugh he brings back nthing but bnes, the village marvels at the skeletn’s size, and Manlin weeps at the ld man’s injuries. Hemingway’s stry is a celebratin f human endurance: Santiag prves that defeat in actin can cexist with victry in spirit.
49. What is the main cnflict in the stry?
A. Santiag’s battle with the marlin and sharks.B. Santiag’s struggle against pverty.
C. Manlin’s cnflict with his parents.D. The villagers’ distrust f Santiag.
50. Why des Manlin leave Santiag?
A. He wants t learn frm a richer fisherman.B. His parents frce him t leave.
C. He lses faith in Santiag’s luck.D. Santiag asks him t g.
51. What des the marlin symblize in the stry?
A. Unpredictable nature.B. The failure f effrt.
C. A test f Santiag’s determinatin.D. The village’s scrn.
52. What theme des Hemingway emphasize in The Old Man and the Sea?
A. The imprtance f wealth.B. The lneliness f ld age.
C. The danger f the cean.D. The pwer f perseverance.
【答案】49. A 50. B 51. C 52. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了古巴老渔夫圣地亚哥连续八十四天没捕到鱼，第八十五天钓到一条大马林鱼，与鱼搏斗后又遭鲨鱼袭击，最终带回鱼骨的故事，展现了人类的坚韧。
【49题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“The marlin drags Santiag’s bat fr tw days and nights. The ld man, weakened by hunger and exhaustin, battles the fish with every unce f strength, refusing t surrender. “Pain des nt matter t a man,” he whispers, embdying his cde f resilience. When he finally kills the marlin, he ties it t the side f his bat, nly t face a new threat: sharks attracted by the marlin’s bld. Santiag fights fiercely with makeshift weapns — harpns, ars, and even a knife — but the sharks strip the marlin t its skeletn.(马林鱼拖着圣地亚哥的船走了两天两夜。老人因饥饿和疲惫而虚弱，用尽全身力气与鱼搏斗，拒绝投降。“痛苦对男人来说并不重要，”他低声说，体现了他的韧性准则。当他最终杀死马林鱼时，他把它绑在船舷上，却遇到了新的威胁：被马林鱼的血吸引来的鲨鱼。圣地亚哥用临时的武器——鱼叉、桨，甚至一把刀——激烈地搏斗，但鲨鱼把马林鱼剥得只剩骨架)”可知，故事的主要冲突是圣地亚哥与马林鱼和鲨鱼的战斗。故选A项。
【50题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“His yung apprentice, Manlin, admires Santiag deeply but is frced by his parents t leave the ld man’s bat and jin a mre successful fisherman.(他年轻的徒弟马诺林非常钦佩圣地亚哥，但他的父母强迫他离开老人的船，去跟随一个更成功的渔夫)”可知，马诺林离开圣地亚哥是因为他的父母强迫他离开。故选B项。
【51题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“On the eighty-fifth day, he ventures far int the Gulf Stream, where he hks a massive marlin — a fish larger than his wn bat.(在第八十五天，他冒险驶入墨西哥湾流深处，在那里他钓到了一条巨大的马林鱼——一条比他的船还大的鱼)”和第二段中“The marlin drags Santiag’s bat fr tw days and nights. The ld man, weakened by hunger and exhaustin, battles the fish with every unce f strength, refusing t surrender.(马林鱼拖着圣地亚哥的船两天两夜。老人因饥饿和疲惫而虚弱不堪，但他用尽每一丝力气与鱼搏斗，拒绝投降)”可知，马林鱼考验了圣地亚哥的决心，所以它象征着对圣地亚哥决心的考验。故选C项。
【52题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第三段中“Hemingway’s stry is a celebratin f human endurance: Santiag prves that defeat in actin can cexist with victry in spirit.(海明威的故事是对人类耐力的颂扬：圣地亚哥证明了行动上的失败可以与精神上的胜利并存)”以及文中圣地亚哥与马林鱼和鲨鱼搏斗的整个过程可知，海明威在《老人与海》中强调的主题是毅力的力量。故选D项。
B
David Attenbrugh
David Attenbrugh was brn in 1926 and grew up near the grunds f the University f Leicester, where his father was the principal. This early envirnment sparked his interest in animals and zlgy. He has had a lng and remarkable career in bradcasting. His nature dcumentaries have educated and inspired cuntless peple arund the wrld. Over 50 rganisms have been named after him, including varius species f insects, flwering plants and even a marine reptile frm the Jurassic perid. His first TV prgramme with the BBC was a 1959 dcumentary abut the celacanth, an ancient grup f fish nce thught t be extinct.
Malala Yusafzai
Malala Yusafzai was brn in Mingra, Pakistan n 12 July 1997. Her father, a teacher, ran a girls’ schl, and he was determined t give her every pprtunity a by wuld have. Malala lved ging t schl. Hwever, in 2008, the Taliban tk cntrl f her twn in the Swat Valley. Many things were banned, and Malala became a target fr speaking ut abut girls’ right t educatin. Despite being attacked, she survived and cntinued t fight fr educatin. She is the yungest ever Nbel Prize recipient, an inspiratin t peple arund the wrld fr her curage and determinatin.
Nelsn Mandela
Nelsn Mandela was a great leader in Suth Africa. He was brn int a ryal family f the Xhsa-speaking Thembu tribe. Mandela studied law at university. He dedicated his life t fighting against racial segregatin (种族隔离). He was imprisned fr many years but never gave up his beliefs. After his release, he played a crucial rle in bringing abut peaceful change in Suth Africa and became the cuntry’s first black president. His struggle and achievements have made him a symbl f freedm and equality wrldwide.
Usain Blt
Usain Blt is a wrld-famus Jamaican sprinter (短跑选手). He was brn in 1986. Blt shwed great athletic talent frm a yung age. He has set numerus wrld recrds in track and field events, especially in the 100-metre, 200-metre and 4×100-metre relay races. His speed and dminance n the track have earned him many Olympic gld medals and made him ne f the mst icnic athletes f all time. He has inspired a generatin f athletes t strive fr excellence in sprts.
53. What led t David Attenbrugh’s interest in animals and zlgy?
A. Grwing up near the University f Leicester.B. His father’s jb as a principal.
C. His first TV prgramme.D. Naming rganisms after him.
54. Why was Malala Yusafzai in danger?
A. Because she wn the Nbel Prize.B. Because her father ran a girls’ schl.
C. Because she fught against the Taliban.D. Because she advcated fr girls’ educatin.
55. What was Nelsn Mandela’s majr cntributin?
A. He fught fr the rights f the ryal family.B. He became the first president f Suth Africa.
C. He ended racial segregatin in Suth Africa.D. He studied law t help the pr.
56. What is Usain Blt famus fr?
A. His talent in varius sprts.B. His numerus wrld recrds in sprinting.
C. Inspiring peple t d sprts.D. Winning many gld medals in different events.
【答案】53. A 54. D 55. C 56. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍大卫·阿滕伯勒、马拉拉·优素福扎伊、纳尔逊·曼德拉和尤塞恩·博尔特四位名人的生平及成就。
【53题详解】细节理解题。根据David Attenbrugh部分中的“David Attenbrugh was brn in 1926 and grew up near the grunds f the University f Leicester, where his father was the principal. This early envirnment sparked his interest in animals and zlgy.(大卫·阿滕伯勒于1926年出生，在莱斯特大学附近长大，他的父亲是该校校长。这种早期环境激发了他对动物和动物学的兴趣。)”可知，在莱斯特大学附近长大的经历激发了他对动物和动物学的兴趣。故选A项。
【54题详解】细节理解题。根据Malala Yusafzai部分中的“Hwever, in 2008, the Taliban tk cntrl f her twn in the Swat Valley. Many things were banned, and Malala became a target fr speaking ut abut girls’ right t educatin.(然而，2008年，塔利班控制了她在斯瓦特山谷的小镇。许多事情被禁止，马拉拉因为公开谈论女孩的受教育权利而成为目标。)”可知，马拉拉·优素福扎伊处于危险之中是因为她倡导女孩的教育。故选D项。
【55题详解】细节理解题。根据Nelsn Mandela部分中的“He dedicated his life t fighting against racial segregatin (种族隔离). He was imprisned fr many years but never gave up his beliefs. After his release, he played a crucial rle in bringing abut peaceful change in Suth Africa and became the cuntry’s first black president.(他一生致力于反对种族隔离。他被监禁多年，但从未放弃自己的信仰。获释后，他在促成南非的和平变革方面发挥了关键作用，并成为该国首位黑人总统。)”可知，纳尔逊·曼德拉的主要贡献是结束了南非的种族隔离。故选C项。
【56题详解】细节理解题。根据Usain Blt部分中的“Usain Blt is a wrld-famus Jamaican sprinter (短跑选手). He was brn in 1986. Blt shwed great athletic talent frm a yung age. He has set numerus wrld recrds in track and field events, especially in the 100-metre, 200-metre and 4×100-metre relay races.(尤塞恩·博尔特是世界著名的牙买加短跑运动员，出生于1986年。博尔特从小就展现出了巨大的运动天赋。他在田径项目中创造了无数世界纪录，尤其是在100米、200米和4×100米接力赛中。)”可知，尤塞恩·博尔特以其在短跑项目中创造的众多世界纪录而闻名。故选B项。
Sectin C
Directins: Cmplete the fllwing passage by using the sentences in the bx. Each sentence can nly be used nce. Nte that there are tw sentences mre than yu need.
Jurnalists n the Jb
Jurnalism is a challenging and exciting prfessin. Jurnalists play a crucial rle in sciety by prviding the public with accurate and timely infrmatin. Here is a lk at what jurnalists d n the jb.
First and fremst, jurnalists are respnsible fr gathering infrmatin. ____57____ They might interview peple invlved in an event, visit the scene f an incident, r research thrugh varius surces such as public recrds, histrical data, and academic studies. Fr example, a jurnalist cvering a plitical stry might interview pliticians, campaign wrkers, and vters t understand different perspectives n an issue.
Once the infrmatin is gathered, jurnalists need t analyze and verify its accuracy. ____58____ They check the credibility f their surces and make sure the facts are crrect. In the age f misinfrmatin, this step is mre imprtant than ever. A single incrrect fact can damage the reputatin f a jurnalist and the media rganizatin they wrk fr.
After that, jurnalists have t write their stries in a clear and engaging way. They need t present the infrmatin in a lgical rder and make it accessible t the general public. ____59____ They als use qutes frm their interviews t add clr and authenticity t the stry. Fr instance, a feature stry abut an artist might include the artist’s wn wrds abut their creative prcess.
Finally, jurnalists have t meet deadlines. Whether it’s fr a daily newspaper, a weekly magazine, r a breaking news website, there is always a time limit fr getting the stry ut. ____60____ This requires gd time-management skills and the ability t wrk well under pressure.
A. They lk fr patterns and cnnectins in the data they’ve cllected.
B. This means they ften have t wrk quickly and efficiently.
C. They use their writing skills t craft an interesting lead that will draw in readers
D. Jurnalists have t be gd at cmmunicating with peple frm all walks f life.
E. They have t decide which infrmatin is mst imprtant and relevant t their stry.
F. They d this thrugh a variety f methds.
【答案】57. F 58. A 59. C 60. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了记者这份工作，包括收集信息、分析核实信息、撰写故事和按时交稿等主要工作内容。
【57题详解】上文“First and fremst, jurnalists are respnsible fr gathering infrmatin.(首先，记者负责收集信息)”指出记者的首要职责是收集信息。F选项“They d this thrugh a variety f methds.(他们通过各种方法来做到这一点)”中“this”指代上文的“gathering infrmatin”，引出下文提到的采访相关人员、走访事件现场、查阅各种资料等收集信息的方法。故选F项。
【58题详解】上文“Once the infrmatin is gathered, jurnalists need t analyze and verify its accuracy.(一旦收集到信息，记者需要分析并核实其准确性)”说明记者要对收集到的信息进行分析核实。A选项“They lk fr patterns and cnnectins in the data they’ve cllected.(他们在收集到的数据中寻找模式和联系)”进一步阐述了分析信息的具体方式，即寻找数据中的模式和联系，与上文逻辑紧密。故选A项。
【59题详解】上文“After that, jurnalists have t write their stries in a clear and engaging way.(之后，记者必须以清晰且引人入胜的方式撰写他们的报道)”强调记者写报道要清晰且吸引人。C选项“They use their writing skills t craft an interesting lead that will draw in readers(他们运用写作技巧构思一个有趣的开头来吸引读者)”说明了记者如何让报道引人入胜，即通过写有趣的开头吸引读者，与上文话题一致。故选C项。
【60题详解】上文“Finally, jurnalists have t meet deadlines. Whether it’s fr a daily newspaper, a weekly magazine, r a breaking news website, there is always a time limit fr getting the stry ut.(最后，记者必须按时交稿。无论是日报、周刊还是突发新闻网站，发布报道总有时间限制)”指出记者有交稿的时间限制。B选项“This means they ften have t wrk quickly and efficiently.(这意味着他们通常必须快速高效地工作)”说明有时间限制就需要记者快速高效工作，与上文因果关系明确。故选B项。
IV. Translatin
Directins: Translate the fllwing sentences int English, using the wrds given in the brackets.
61. 令我庆幸的是车并没有损坏。(relief)(汉译英)
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【答案】T my relief, the car was nt damaged.
【详解】考查固定短语及时态语态。“令某人庆幸的是”常见表达为 t ne's relief，这里“我 的形容词性物主代词是 my，所以是 T my relief。“车并没有损坏”，“车”与“损坏”是被动关系，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态 “was/were + 过去分词”，damage 的过去分词是damaged，主语 the car是单数，用 was nt damaged。故译为 T my relief, the car was nt damaged.
62. 办公室堆满了应征该职的求职信。(fld)(汉译英)
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【答案】The ffice was flded with applicatins fr the jb.
【详解】考查动词和名词。分析句子可知，这里时态可用一般过去时表过去情况。表示“办公室”应用the ffice，为主语；表示“堆满了”应用was flded with ，为固定短语；表示“应征该职的求职信”应用applicatins fr the jb，其中fr the jb为介词短语作后置定语，修饰前面applicatins。故翻译为The ffice was flded with applicatins fr the jb.
63. 汤姆被这个坏消息弄得心烦意乱，不得不向她寻求建议。(Upset)(汉译英)
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【答案】Upset by the bad news, Tm had t seek advice frm her.
【详解】考查非谓语动词及时态。陈述过去的动作，为一般过去时。“被这个坏消息弄得心烦意乱”，这里 upset与主语 Tm 是被动关系，即 Tm 被坏消息弄得心烦意乱，所以用过去分词短语 Upset by the bad news 作原因状语 。“不得不”表达为 have t ，“寻求建议”是 seek advice，“向某人寻求建议”用 seek advice frm sb，“她”用her。故译为 Upset by the bad news, Tm had t seek advice frm her.
64. 老师劝说小明利用空缺年去找到生活的意义。(emply)(汉译英)
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【答案】The teacher persuaded Xiaming t emply the gap year t find the meaning f life.
【详解】考查动词、时态和非谓语动词。主语“老师”用名词the teacher；谓语“劝说”用动词persuade，这里事情已发生，用一般过去时态persuaded；宾语“小明”用专有名词Xiaming；“劝说某人做某事”用固定搭配persuade sb. t d sth.，所以宾语补足语“利用空缺年去找到生活的意义”用不定式短语t emply the gap year t find the meaning f life表示。综上，全句译为：The teacher persuaded Xiaming t emply the gap year t find the meaning f life.
V. Guided Writing
65. Directins: Write an English cmpsitin in 100-120 wrds accrding t the instructins given belw in Chinese.
当前人们的旅游方式多种多样，有人选择团队游（Package tur），有人则喜欢自助游（Self-rganized tur）。请参考下面表格中的提示，介绍你喜欢的旅游方式，并说明你的理由。
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【答案】
Nwadays, there’s a grwing trend that peple make use f their hlidays t travel. When it cmes t travel styles, sme peple chse a package tur because f its lw price, guidance service and the chance f making friends.
As far as I am cncerned, cnsidering the happiness f freedm, I prefer a self-rganized tur. Living up t its name, a self-rganized tur invlves rganizatin by yurself. Yu can get t knw abut the target city in advance and then chse yur favrite turist attractins, as well as activities yu are interested in. As a result, a schedule that suits yu mst can be wrked ut, s yu can travel later as freely as yu like. The reasns why I like this kind f travelling are varius. Freedm is just ne f them. As an ld saying ges, “One’s meat is anther’s pisn’’, a self-rganized tur prvides yu with a chance t experience what yu are mst interested in. Mrever, the flexible schedule is als attractive. Yu can chse freely between play and relaxatin and even change yur timetable whenever yu like during the travel. Last but nt least, althugh a self-rganized tur invlves truble f bking a htel and a restaurant, I regard it as a glden pprtunity fr us t imprve ur ability t manage ur lives. What’s wrth mentining is that we can als spend time in vlunteering and helping the lcal pr children if we take a self-rganized tur.
All in all, a self-rganized tur is my favrite, and I hpe mre peple will enjy their travel as well as help thers in this way f travel.A. illustrate B. experience C. highly D. perceived
E. varius F. elegance G. identity H. symbl
I. tracked J. calmly K. cncept
团队游
自助游
1. 花销少，有导游服务
1. 自由随意
2. 易结交朋友
2. 可调整行程
3. 不够自由
3. 需自理食宿