初中英语外研版（2024）八年级上册（2024）Understanding ideas学案及答案

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Unit 3 Make it happen!
Understanding ideas- Grammar导学案
班级：
学生姓名：
科目：
授课教师：
学习目标
通过本节课学习，学生能够：
1.通过阅读语篇，找出更多例句，理解两种结构在语境中的表意差异, 能够识别并归纳动词不定式和动名词作宾语的常见用法。（学习理解）
2.能够正确使用动词不定式或动名词完成相关练习，能够模仿语篇中的句型，口头或书面描述个人经历，强化语言输出能力。（应用实践）
3.能够结合社会问题，设计创新解决方案并用目标语法表达步骤。（迁移创新）
学习
重难点
重点：能够识别并归纳动词不定式和动名词作宾语的常见用法，正确使用动词不定式或动名词完成相关练习，能够模仿语篇中的句型，口头或书面描述个人经历，强化语言输出能力。
难点：能够结合社会问题，设计创新解决方案并用目标语法表达步骤。
课前预习
翻译练习：
1. ___________ /əˈplaɪ/ v. 应用 2.___________ / rɪˈpɔːrt / n./v.书面/口头报告
3.___________ /wɔːrn/ v.警告；告诫 4.___________ / ˈtrʌbəl/ n./v.麻烦；困扰
5.__________/ kriˈeɪtɪv / adj.有创造力的 6.__________ /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ adj. 有想象力的
7.___________ /dɪˈzaɪn/ v./n 设计 8.____________ / [səˈluːʃən/ n.解决问题的方法
1. 他始终努力去改进自己的工作。(P39)
________________________________________________
2. Lily决定设计一个新杯子来帮助他。(P39)
_____________________________________________________
3. 它能感知附近的物体。一旦检测到物体，就会开始通过震动警告用户。(P39)
__________________________________________________________________
课堂探究
Lead in
Enjy a sng and answer.
What grammar rules did yu ntice in the sng?
Presentatin
Read the sentences frm the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules.课本活动5
(a) He always tried t imprve his wrk.
(b) He enjyed fixing prblems ne after anther.
Nw find mre sentences with these structures in the reading passage.
2.讲解语法：
动词不定式和动名词作宾语。
（1）动词不定式的基本形式为___________________.
动名词的基本形式为_________________
注意：1. 动词不定式是一种非谓语形式，在句中不能作谓语，其形式不随主语的人称、数和时态的变化而变化。
2. 动名词是由“动词原形+ -ing”构成，相当于__________的功能。
（2）后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词（短语）：
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
（3）后接动词动名词的常见动词（短语）：
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
（4）有一些动词，既可以用不定式又可以用动名词作宾语，但表达的意义可能不同。
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
Practice
1.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I want ________ (g ) t the Great Wall this winter vacatin.
2. The girl always tries ___________(speak) English in class t imprve her English.
3. I remember ________(put) my key int my bag, but nw it’s nt there!
4. I plan ________(g) shpping with my mther.
5. Lucy enjys ___________(swim) very much.
2. Cmplete the paragraph with the crrect frm f the wrds in brackets. （课本活动6）
Lily's grandfather had Parkinsn's disease, and he kept 1 ___________ (knck) his drinks ver. Lily decided 2 ___________ (design) a new cup t help him. She invented a cup with three legs. It can stand well n the table and Grandpa lved 3 ___________ (use) it!
3. Cmplete the news reprt with the crrect frm f the wrds in the bx.（课本活动7）
By designs smart stick fr the blind
17-year-ld Shantanu Gangwar nticed a prblem. Blind students at schl had a hard time mving arund. They wished 1 ________ a smart machine t warn them abut the bjects in their way, s Shantanu decided 2 ___________ smething t help.
He invented a smart walking stick, it can sense bjects nearby. Once it senses an bject, it starts 3 ___________ t warn the user.
Shantanu wn an award and received many cngratulatins fr his inventin. Hwever, he wanted 4 ___________ it even better. He als hped 5 ___________ it t real life after finishing high schl. "We can prduce a lt f these sticks and help mre blind peple," he said.
Prductin
Wrk in pairs. Think f a prblem and cme up with an idea fr an inventin. Then write an advertisement fr it. Use the wrds and expressins frm the reading passage and the Useful expressins t help yu. （课本活动8）
1) What everyday prblem d yu face?
2) Hw des the prblem truble yu?
3) What inventin culd slve the prblem?
(Be creative! Yu can be as imaginative as yu want.)
4) Hw des the inventin wrk?
Exercises
Exercise 1:
一 、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. He hpes __________(meet) his favrite singer smeday.
2. They shuld ___________ (apply) fr a new jb.
3. They finished __________ (paint) the huse yesterday.
4. D yu mind __________ (wait) fr a few minutes?
5. She stpped __________ (smke) three years ag.
6. They avid __________ (eat) junk fd t stay healthy.
Exercise 2:
（ ）1. The weather frecast ______ us f the cming typhn.
A. applied B. warned C. reprted
（ ）2. Linda wants t ______ a schlarship t study abrad.
A. apply fr B. reprt t C. warn abut
（ ）3. The manager asked the team t ______ the prject prgress
at the meeting.
A. warn against B. apply t C. give a reprt n
（ ）4. "______ yu fr a mment? I need sme help with this prblem."
A. May I warn B. Can I apply C. Culd I truble
Hmewrk
Must d:
1. Cmplete the related exercises.
2.Review the wrds, expressins, sentence patterns.
3.Make six sentences with the grammar f tday’s lessn.
Chse t d:
假设你是小发明家。最近你发现了一些现实问题（如老人容易忘记吃药等）。请参考Shantanu的智能拐杖的思路，写一篇70词左右的发明设计报告，说明你的发明如何解决这个问题。写作时，请使用动词不定式（如decide t design）或动名词（如avid frgetting）作宾语的表达。
课前预习
翻译练习：
1. apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 应用
2.reprt /rɪˈpɔːrt/ n./v. 报告/汇报
3.warn /wɔːrn/ v.警告；告诫
4.truble /ˈtrʌbəl/ n./v. 麻烦；困扰
5.creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 有创造力的
6.imaginative /ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/ adj. 有想象力的
7.design /dɪˈzaɪn/ v./n. 设计
8.slutin /səˈluːʃən/ n. 解决方案
1. 他始终努力去改进自己的工作。(P39)
He always tried t imprve his wrk.
2. Lily决定设计一个新杯子来帮助他。(P39)
Lily decided t design a new cup t help him.
3. 它能感知附近的物体。一旦检测到物体，就会开始通过震动警告用户。(P39)
It can sense bjects nearby. Once it senses an bject, it starts shaking t warn the user.
课堂探究
Lead in
v. + ding（动名词）
v. + t d (动词不定式）
Presentatin
1. (a) v. + ding（动名词）
(b) v. + t d (动词不定式）
文中更多的例子： was able t mve, kept wrking, want t make, decided t pst
2. (1) 动词不定式的基本形式为：t + 动词原形；
动名词的基本形式为：v. + -ing。
动名词是由“动词原形+ -ing”构成，相当于名词的功能。
（2）后接动词不定式作宾语的常见动词（短语）：
拒绝、选择和同意（refuse、chse、agree）
期望、决定和学习（expect、decide、learn）
宁可、假装和计划（prefer、pretend、plan）
希望、想要和愿意（wish/hpe、want、wuld like）
（3）后接动词动名词的常见动词（短语）：
enjy、finish、keep、mind、practise、suggest、feel like、can’t help、lk frward t、avid、give up 、keep n等
（4）有一些动词，既可以用不定式又可以用动名词作宾语，但表达的意义可能不同。
try t d sth. 努力去做某事(侧重尽力)
try ding sth. 试着去做某事(侧重尝试)
mean t d sth.打算做某事
mean ding sth.意味着做某事
frget/ remember t d sth.忘记/记得要做某事（未做）
frget/ remember ding sth. 忘记/记得曾经做了某事(做了)
stp t d sth. 停止做某事
stp ding sth. 停下来去做某事
Practice
1.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. t g 2.t speak 3. putting 4.t g 5. swimming
2. Cmplete the paragraph with the crrect frm f the wrds in brackets. （课本活动6）
3. Cmplete the news reprt with the crrect frm f the wrds in the bx.（课本活动7）
Prductin
Wrk in pairs. Think f a prblem and cme up with an idea fr an inventin. Then write an advertisement fr it. Use the wrds and expressins frm the reading passage and the Useful expressins t help yu. （课本活动8）
1) My schlbag is t heavy; It hurts my back.
2) I can't find my bks quickly. My shulders hurt every day.
3) Inventin: Smart Schlbag
It tells me when it's t heavy, helps rganize my bks, and makes carrying easier.
4) It beeps when t heavy.
Press a buttn t srt bks.
Special straps make it cmfrtable.
Exercises
1.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. t meet 2. apply 3.painting
4.waiting 5.smking 6.eating
2. BACC