专题03 完形填空（优选上海名校真题）（上海专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末真题分类汇编.zip

这是一份专题03 完形填空（优选上海名校真题）（上海专用）-【好题汇编】备战2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末真题分类汇编.zip，文件包含专题03完形填空优选上海名校真题原卷版docx、专题03完形填空优选上海名校真题解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共60页， 欢迎下载使用。
专题03 完形填空（优选上海名校真题）
(23-24高一下·上海黄浦区·期末)
My daughter had just turned five when I tk her t g grcery shpping with me ne day. There n display was the mst beautiful tilet paper she had ever seen, fr it was pink. During 1 awareness mnth, the tilet paper cmpany had made their prducts pink, with a part f each sale’s prfits helping the peple in need. And my daughter simply had t have it. She begged with her sweetest pretty pleases. Of curse I 2 her request, explaining that it was pink t raise awareness f kindness and that 3 f the mney we were paying was ging twards helping thers.
My little girl sat in the cart, hlding her package f pink tilet paper. She culd nt cntain her excitement and talked n and n. On the way ut, she retld t the cashier everything she culd remember abut the 4 f the clred tilet paper. Her 5 spread amng the ther custmers, and several mre packages went thrugh the checkuts that mrning.
My daughter carried the twer f tilet paper int the huse herself and dragged it upstairs, which was a great 6 cnsidering the package std as tall as she did. That evening, I walked int the bathrm t find all the rlls 7 stred in the cupbard, in the shape f a lvely castle. She began in all seriusness as she ceremniusly (隆重地) 8 a half used white rll n the hlder with a new pink ne, “ 9 I use it, I will remember t pray fr all thse peple wh are 10 right nw.”
1．A．beautyB．charityC．cultureD．envirnment
2．A．put inB．agreed tC．turned dwnD．respnded t
3．A．allB．mreC．nneD．sme
4．A．usageB．priceC．meaningD．misunderstanding
5．A．calmnessB．cnfidenceC．passinD．patience
6．A．achievementB．expectatinC．independenceD．respnsibility
7．A．neatlyB．messilyC．casuallyD．naturally
8．A．cmbinedB．cmparedC．mixedD．replaced
9．A．In caseB．Nw thatC．Every timeD．Even thugh
10．A．in cmmnB．in silenceC．in trubleD．in practice
(23-24高一下·上海建平中学·期末)
Taking A Vacatin Culd Help Yu Live Lnger
Thinking abut skipping vacatin days? Dn’t. One f the lngest fllw-up studies in the wrld finds vacatins can actually prlng yur life.
And if yu think yur spin classes (动感单车课程) and clean eating will make up fr 1 yur dream cruise trip and save yu frm yur jam-packed, hard driving life, think again. An imprved, healthier lifestyle desn’t 2 wrking t hard and nt taking yur hlidays, University f Helsinki prfessr Tim Strandberg said Tuesday at the annual Eurpean Sciety f Cardilgy (ESC) Cngress. “ 3 can be a gd way t relieve stress.”
The new findings are a part f the Helsinki Businessmen Study, research that fr decades has 4 1,222 male executives brn between 1919 and 1934. Each had at least ne risk factr fr heart disease, fr example, smking, 5 , r had high bld pressure. The research, which began in the 1960s, 6 int a lngitudinal (纵向的) study and was extended thrugh 2014, fcusing in part n hw mid-life risk factrs can impact the 7 in ld age.
Fr the study, the men were split int tw grups. In ne cntrl grup, men lived their lives as they 8 did and did nt meet with the study’s investigatrs. Men in the ther grup, a(n) 9 grup, were given advice n hw t imprve their health. These men were asked t exercise, imprve their diets, reach a healthy weight r stp smking.
At the study’s 15-year check-in, Strandberg fund that if their vacatins 10 , the men wh imprved their lifestyles had a 37 percent higher chance f death rate. What is t 11 ? Wrking t hard, nt sleeping enugh and nt taking enugh vacatin.
While 12 , this new research wn’t likely impact mst Americans’ vacatin habits. Mst American wrkers dn’t get that many paid days t begin with. Even if they d have the time, many wrkers feel they can’t 13 it. Americans have put ff vacatin because they feel they have t much wrk t d and t many family 14 .
Given that experts find that vacatin can help yu be mre prductive when yu return t wrk, maybe it’s time t put frward the request fr a few days 15 .
1．A．extendingB．pstpningC．planningD．lcating
2．A．apply frB．srt utC．cmpensate frD．sak up
3．A．VacatinsB．Wrk-utsC．OutletsD．Adventures
4．A．qualifiedB．cuntedC．mtivatedD．fllwed
5．A．mdB．genderC．besityD．diet
6．A．halvedB．fellC．evlvedD．lked
7．A．perceptinB．statusC．ambitinD．well-being
8．A．eventuallyB．usuallyC．individuallyD．attentively
9．A．interventinB．selectinC．witnessD．supervisin
10．A．added upB．faded awayC．std utD．fell shrt
11．A．emergeB．blameC．escapeD．rescue
12．A．dramaticB．idealC．awkwardD．delicate
13．A．excludeB．affrdC．invlveD．stretch
14．A．peratinsB．versinsC．bligatinsD．generatins
15．A．verB．inC．dwnD．ff
(23-24高一下·上海浦东东昌中学·期末)
Once upn a time there lived in Germany tw brthers wh lved a gd stry — ne with magic and danger, ryalty and villains (恶棍). At schl they met a wise man wh led them t a treasure — a library f ld bks with tales mre fascinating than any they had ever heard. 1 , the brthers began cllecting their wn stries, listening t the flktales peple tld them. Sn they 2 their wn treasure — a bk f fairy tales that wuld charm millins in faraway lands fr generatins t cme.
The brthers Grimm, Jacb and Wilhelm, named their stry cllectin Children’s and Husehld Tales and published it in Germany in 1812. The cllectin which has been translated int mre than 160 languages up t nw is a publishing 3 . The stries and their characters have appeared in theatre, pera, cmic bks, mvies, paintings, rck music, advertising and even fashin.
Such 4 wuld have shcked the mdest Grimms. During their lifetimes the bk sld few cpies in Germany. The early editins were nt even 5 children. They had n illustratins, and schlarly ftntes tk up almst as much space as the tales themselves. Jacb and Wilhelm Grimm viewed themselves as 6 students f flklre. They began their wrk at a time when Germany had been ccupied by the French under Naplen. As yung schlars, the brthers Grimm began t wrk n the fairy tale cllectin in rder t save the endangered ral strytelling traditin f Germany.
Lng befre the Grimms’ time, 7 develped in inns, barns, and peasant hmes. During winter nights, as they sat spinning wd, wmen kept each ther cmpany and entertained each ther with tales f adventure, rmance and magic. 8 , 40 such strytellers delivered tales t the Grimms, many f them cming t their huse in Kassel. Althugh the brthers implied that they were just 9 the tales, Wilhelm plished and reshaped the stries up t the final editin f 1857. In an effrt t make them mre 10 t children and their parents, he stressed the mral f each tale and emphasized gender rles. Accrding t the Grimms, the cllectin served as “a manual f 11 .” T this day, parents read them t their children because they apprve f the lessns in the stries: keep yur prmises, dn’t talk t strangers, wrk hard, bey yur parents.
S what 12 their ppularity? Sme have suggested that it is because the characters are always striving fr happiness. But the truth prbably lies in their 13 . The Grimms’ tales were brn ut f a strytelling traditin withut 14 f age r culture. The brthers’ skill was t translate these int a universal style f writing that seems t mirrr whatever mds r interests we bring t ur 15 f them. And s it was that the Grimms’ fairy tales lived happily ever after.
1．A．InspiredB．DisappintedC．DiscuragedD．Relieved
2．A．estimatedB．prducedC．sacrificedD．stcked
3．A．mediumB．partnershipC．findingD．wnder
4．A．qualityB．wealthC．fameD．benefit
5．A．marked asB．rbbed fC．aimed atD．prevented frm
6．A．intelligentB．hardwrkingC．peculiarD．patritic
7．A．cllectinB．strytellingC．entertainmentD．meeting
8．A．BesidesB．AltgetherC．HweverD．Similarly
9．A．creatingB．develpingC．reviewingD．recrding
10．A．accustmedB．acceptableC．cruelD．cmpared
11．A．mannersB．parentshipC．publishingD．adaptatin
12．A．results frmB．depends nC．accunts frD．respnds t
13．A．appealB．flexibilityC．availabilityD．rigin
14．A．bundariesB．influencesC．indicatinsD．distributins
15．A．writingB．sharingC．readingD．beginning
(23-24高一下·上海华一附中·期末)
AI can transfrm educatin fr the better
As students return t classrms fr the new year, it is striking t reflect n hw little educatin has changed in recent decades. The sectr remains a digital laggard (落后者). American schls and universities spend 2% and 5% f their budgets, 1 , n technlgy, cmpared with 8% fr the average American cmpany.
When the pandemic frced schls and universities t shut dwn, the mment fr a digital 2 seemed clse when the market value f nline tutring prviders like Chegg and Byju’s bth increased. Hwever, nce cvid was brught under cntrl, classes cntinued much as befre.
If the pandemic culdn’t vercme the educatin sectr’s 3 t digital interruptin, can artificial intelligence? ChatGPT-like generative AI, which can cnverse cleverly n varieties f subjects, certainly 4 . S much s that educatinalists began t 5 that students wuld use it t cheat n essays and hmewrk. Increasingly, hwever, it is generating excitement as a means t prvide 6 tutring t varius students and speed up bring tasks such as marking.
Learners, fr their part, are 7 the technlgy. Tw-fifths f undergraduates reprted using an AI chatbt t help them with their studies. Indeed, the technlgy’s ppularity has raised awkward questins fr cmpanies like Chegg, which was lsing custmers 8 ChatGPT. Yet there are gd reasns t believe that educatin specialists like Chegg wh emply AI will eventually 9 generalists such as OpenAI, the maker f ChatGPT.
Fr ne, AI chatbts ften talk nnsense, an unhelpful trait in an educatinal cntext. “Students want cntent frm 10 prviders,” argues Kate Edwards, chief pedaggist at Pearsn, a textbk publisher. The cmpany has nt allwed ChatGPT and ther AIs t 11 its material, but has instead used the cntent t train its wn mdels, which it is embedding int its set f learning apps.
12 , as Chegg’s Mr Rsensweig argues, teaching is nt merely abut giving students an answer, but abut presenting it in a way that helps them learn. Understanding pedaggy (教学法) thus gives educatin specialists an 13 . Pearsn has designed its AI tls t 14 students by breaking cmplex tpics dwn, testing their understanding and prviding quick feedback, says Ms Edwards. Byju’s is incrprating “frgetting curves” fr students int the design f its AI tutring tls, refreshing their memries at persnalized 15 .
Bringing AI t educatin will nt be easy, but nce answers n hw t make use f this technlgy becme clearer, such a develpment will certainly deserve tp marks.
1．A．respectivelyB．apprpriatelyC．ttallyD．ultimately
2．A．divideB．reverseC．bmD．withdrawal
3．A．tendencyB．resistanceC．attentinD．anxiety
4．A．serve the purpseB．break the iceC．take the initiativeD．d sme gd
5．A．maintainB．panicC．dubtD．wnder
6．A．persnalizedB．individualisticC．characteristicD．attentive
7．A．attemptingB．decliningC．ppsingD．embracing
8．A．frB．underC．tD．in
9．A．detectB．transfrmC．vertakeD．enhance
10．A．cmprehensiveB．advancedC．distinguishedD．trusted
11．A．give awayB．take inC．bring abutD．hld up
12．A．By cntrastB．Despite thisC．What’s mreD．As a result
13．A．applauseB．edgeC．hesitatinD．imprvement
14．A．cnvinceB．engageC．captureD．challenge
15．A．intervalsB．cstC．mercyD．best
(22-23高一下·上海交大附中·期末)
The Bk f the Millennium
When I was a graduate student in Oxfrd many years ag, I shared a huse with a brilliant German sinlgist (汉学家). Many visitrs wuld pp int ur huse, and ne night arund the kitchen table I met a(n) 1 character. His name was David Hawkes. A(n) 2 linguist, he directed Japanese cdebreakers in his early twenties, during Wrld War II. Later, as a teacher, he did wnderful translatin f Sngs f the Suth (楚辞), part f a petic traditin earlier than anything that has 3 in the West. Then he became a prfessr f Chinese at Oxfrd, but, as he put it, “I resigned in rder t 4 my time t translating a Chinese nvel…Well, the Chinese nvel.”
The bk was Dream f the Red Chamber, written by Ca Xueqin. British 5 Anthny West wrte in The New Yrkerin 1958 that the nvel is t Chinese literature “very much what The Brthers Karamazv is t Russian and Remembrance f Things Past is t French literature” and that “it is 6 ne f the great nvels f all literature.”
Hawkes eventually cmpleted his great endeavr, with the help f his sn-in-law Jhn Minfrd, wh 7 the last tw vlumes f the five, which were published by Penguin between 1973 and 1986. Hawkes’ translatin was 8 as an intrductin t a “masterpiece”.
Dream f the Red Chamber was written in the 1750s “by a great artist with his very lifebld,” said Hawkes. It is full f 9 detail f the scial, cultural and spiritual life f the time. Studying it fr nn-Chinese readers has never perhaps been mre useful. At a time when 10 f Chinese culture and identity is increasingly necessary because f the cuntry’s new internatinal rle, getting insights int the heart f Chinese culture thrugh a nvel 11 recgnized as ne f the mst influential prduced in the Chinese language wuld seem as uncntrversial statement. Ca’s wrk while seen as essentially lcal and Chinese, is abut 12 and the nature f human experience. That transcends the 13 f a particular language and cntext in which the nvel is set.
The bk as it stands in the Penguin versin runs t 2500 pages — twice as lng as War and Peace. 14 at first because f the large number f characters and their difficult names (t a nn-Chinese reader). But nce yu are int it, it is a bk int which the reader can cmpletely 15 themselves; it is like anything else in all f literature.

1．A．arrgantB．fascinatingC．humrusD．respnsible
2．A．decisiveB．frustratedC．generusD．talented
3．A．cpiedB．launchedC．revisedD．survived
4．A．addictB．devteC．expseD．reduce
5．A．criticB．criticalC．criticismD．criticize
6．A．beynd questinB．in dubtC．in questinD．ut f the questin
7．A．gatheredB．bughtC．sldD．translated
8．A．apprvedB．appintedC．electedD．greeted
9．A．bringB．fakeC．imaginaryD．incredible
10．A．appreciatinB．definitinC．determinatinD．ppsitin
11．A．barelyB．criticallyC．speciallyD．universally
12．A．humanityB．mdernityC．persnalityD．sincerity
13．A．bundariesB．circlesC．perspectivesD．spaces
14．A．Never-endingB．Hard-gingC．Labr-savingD．Recrd-breaking
15．A．changeB．immerseC．persuadeD．reduce
(23-24高一下·上海建平中学·期末)
Deepfake Are Deeply Trubling
A recent vide n the internet has Cc Lee, wh died last year, talking t her fans and saying, “Frm the mment I left this wrld, I can always feel yur endless lve and supprt.” The vide lked 1 , but it was a “deepfake” created by AI.
AI has 2 t the pint where it has becme difficult t distinguish what is real frm what isn’t. These types f deepfakes are nw all ver the internet where we see peple, usually celebrities and pliticians, saying things which they didn’t really say. One “deepfake” has Taylr Swift 3 a brand f ckware. Sme “creative” persn used AI t manipulate (操控) her image and 4 t make it appear that she were speaking fr the prduct.
But there is a mre 5 trend in deepfakes that has becme mre prevalent (普遍的). As with the Cc Lee deepfake, there are peple using AI t “resurrect (复活)” their lst lved nes and 6 them. In ne recent high-prfile case yu’re prbably aware f, the famus musician Ba Xiab used AI t “resurrect” his daughter, wh died at the age f twenty-tw. With the technlgy, he is able t talk t her and ask her questins. Thugh he knew it was fake, he didn’t 7 because he missed her very much.
The 8 cnsequences f nt “letting g” f a lved ne can be serius. It may cause a persn t live in a fantasy wrld instead f accepting the healthy and necessary prcess f grieving and 9 with his r her life.
10 , there is a legal aspect t AI deepfakes which has yet t be thrughly cnsidered. Can a dead persn’s image be manipulated t say things which they didn’t say and wuldn’t have said if they were 11 ? Can a persn’s image be ed t prevent this frm happening? These are sme f the questins that 12 will have t cnsider, and curts will have t decide.
In 1931, the British authr Aldus Huxley wrte a nvel called Brave New Wrld, which was abut a future 13 by technlgy. In many ways we are living in this “Brave New Wrld” and are 14 ur “humanity” with all its faults, virtues and limitatins. I’m srry that Cc Lee is gne, and I’m srry that Tin Ba’s daughter is gne, but grieving is a part f life, and grief, as they say, is the 15 fr lve.
1．A．interestingB．affectinateC．jyfulD．authentic
2．A．sweatedB．certifiedC．prgressedD．reacted
3．A．craftingB．prmtingC．samplingD．releasing
4．A．identityB．weightC．mindD．vice
5．A．disturbingB．utstandingC．strugglingD．entertaining
6．A．lk afterB．bring upC．interact withD．benefit frm
7．A．regretB．admitC．participateD．care
8．A．ethicalB．psychlgicalC．imaginaryD．financial
9．A．putting upB．cming dwnC．mving nD．ending up
10．A．RelativelyB．CnsequentlyC．LikelyD．Additinally
11．A．cnsciusB．aliveC．presentD．mindful
12．A．scientistsB．creatrsC．applicantsD．lawmakers
13．A．threatenedB．innvatedC．inhabitedD．dminated
14．A．bmbardingB．mdifyingC．lsingD．replacing
15．A．signalB．priceC．missinD．fundatin
(23-24高一下·上海复旦附中·期末)
In Dad’s Army, a British sitcm(情景喜剧) abut a hme-defense Frce, Sergeant (中士) Wilsn wuld ften cast dubt n his cmmander’s varius rders with the phrase “D yu think that’s wise, sir?” His dubt, althugh ften ignred, was usually 1 .
Many emplyees must be tempted t imitate Sgt. Wilsn when they see their bsses headed dwn the wrng track. But cautin ften leads wrkers t keep silent fr fear f appearing flish and ffensive and 2 being at high risk f lsing their jbs.
A culture f silence can be dangerus, argues a new bk The Fearless Organizatin, by Amy Edmndsn, a prfessr at Harvard Business Schl. Sme f her cases are frm the 3 industry, where staff felt t pwerless t make any changes due t their ranks. One was its deadliest accident: a crash between tw Being-747s in the Canary Islands ccurred in 1977 when a c-pilt felt unable t 4 his captain int changing the decisin t take ff. Anther case was that f the Clumbia space shuttle in 2003; an engineer wh may have diagnsed damage t the shuttle’s wing befre the flight felt unable t speak as he was “t 5 ” at NASA．
In a crprate culture based n 6 and bedience, it may appear that targets are being achieved. But in the lng run the effect is likely t be cunterprductive (适得其反的). Studies shw that fear 7 learning. And when faced with a prblem, scared wrkers find ways f 8 it r getting arund it with inefficient practices.
The slutin is t create an atmsphere f “psychlgical safety” whereby wrkers can speak their minds. It des nt mean that wrkers, r their ideas, are 9 criticism, r that they shuld cmplain cntinuusly. In a sense, this methd is the 10 f Tyta’s “lean manufacturing” prcess, which allws any wrker wh spts a prblem t stp the prductin line.
Pixar, the prductin firm, created what it called a “Braintrust” t give 11 t film directrs. The rules were that advice shuld be cnstructive and abut the idea, nt the persn, and that filmmakers shuld nt be 12 in respnse.
And psychlgical safety is nt abut whistleblwing (检举). Indeed, if an emplyee feels the need t act as a whistleblwer by speaking t external 13 , it suggests emplyers have nt created an envirnment within the firm where criticism can be 14 . Nr is such a culture nly abut safety r aviding mistakes. As mundane (单调的) tasks are autmated, and wrkers rely n cmputers fr data analysis, the added value f humans will stem frm their 15 . But as Ms. Edmndsn’s bk demnstrates, it is hard t be either cnstructive r creative if yu are nt cnfident abut speaking ut.
1．A．justifiableB．pintlessC．inevitableD．ridiculus
2．A．n the whleB．in cnclusinC．as a resultD．n the cntrary
3．A．airlineB．manufacturingC．serviceD．advertising
4．A．weighB．reasnC．applaudD．channel
5．A．ffensiveB．ambitiusC．aggressiveD．humble
6．A．imitatinB．fearC．efficiencyD．cmpetitin
7．A．mtivatesB．facilitatesC．maintainsD．prevents
8．A．spilingB．plishingC．maskingD．expliting
9．A．subject tB．immune frmC．cncerned withD．dependent n
10．A．equivalentB．bjectC．argumentD．criticism
11．A．prirityB．mtivatinC．accessD．feedback
12．A．ptimisticB．bjectiveC．defensiveD．passive
13．A．authritiesB．elementsC．netwrksD．whistleblwers
14．A．rejectedB．eliminatedC．vicedD．questined
15．A．cmpetitivenessB．inventivenessC．carefulnessD．selflessness
(23-24高一下·上海宝山区·期末)
Perhaps n issue attracts mre senir leadership attentin than grwth des, and fr gd reasn. 1 in gains and prfits is the standard by which we tend t measure the cmpetitive fitness and health f cmpanies. Analysts, investrs, and bards are especially cncerned abut grwth 2 t get insight int stck prices. 3 are attracted t faster-grwing cmpanies because they ffer better pprtunities fr advancement and higher pay. Suppliers prefer faster-grwing custmers because wrking with them imprves their wn grwth prspects.
While sustained prfitable grwth is a nearly universal gal, it is a(n) 4 ne fr many cmpanies. Many researches cnducted n the lng-term patterms f grwth in suggest that when inflatin is 5 , mst cmpanies barely grw. 6 in an analysis f 10,897 publicly held frm 1976 t 2019, researchers fund that firms in the tp quartile grew at an inflatin-adjusted average f 11.8% per year, but thse in the lwer three quartiles experienced little r n grwth (0.3%, 0.03%, and 0.5%, respectively). And the majrity f firms in the tp quartile were unable t 7 superir grwth perfrmance fr mre than a few years.
Over the past tw decades, I have tried t understand why sme cmpanies are effective at sustaining grwth. I have fund that while the usual explanatins, such as market frces and technlgical changes d play a rle, many cmpanies’ grwth prblems are dne by themselves. 8 , firms apprach grwth in a highly reactive, pprtunistic manner. When market demand is bming, they thrw resurces at develping new capacity, and build ut rganizatinal infrastructure withut thinking thrugh the 9 — fr example, whether their perating systems and prcesses can scale, hw rapid grwth might affect crprate culture and what wuld happen if demand slws. In the prcess f chasing grwth, cmpanies can easily destry the things that made them 10 in the first place, such as their capacity fr innvatin, their great custmer service, r their unique cultures.
1．A．AttentinB．LeadershipC．GrwthD．Insight
2．A．requirementsB．prspectsC．strugglesD．develpments
3．A．BssesB．InvestrsC．EmplyeesD．Prducers
4．A．difficultB．achievableC．inevitableD．easy
5．A．based nB．tracked dwnC．equipped withD．taken int accunt
6．A．Fr instanceB．On the cntraryC．As a resultD．What’s mre
7．A．imprveB．sustainC．recgnizeD．decline
8．A．RespectivelyB．UltimatelyC．SpecificallyD．Reasnably
9．A．benefitsB．pprtunitiesC．technlgiesD．implicatins
10．A．typicalB．technicalC．happyD．successful
(22-23高一下·上海复旦附中·期末)
Backgrund nise—like the chatter in a cffee shp r the drne f passing traffic—might slw ur reading speed, but accrding t a study f Russian readers, it desn’t 1 hw ur brain understands written text.
2 , if yu’re wndering whether yu shuld be listening t pdcasts r music while wrking, the study has sme interesting pints t make. In particular, it examined hw we might change ur reading style t cmpensate fr auditry nise and visual distractins such as typs r pr frmatting.
“Overall, previus studies reprted a harmful effect f bth auditry and visual nise n reading fluency and 3 , thugh their results varied,” write linguistics researcher Nina Zdrva and clleagues. “S far, nne f the studies explring the influence f nise 4 it in the framewrk f the language prcessing theries.”
One f the language prcessing theries examined was the nisy channel mdel, which prpses that ur brain deals with nise by lking at the meaning f 5 wrds mre and at entire sentences less. We then use a bit f smart guesswrk t 6 the verall meaning and relatinships between wrds.
The secnd thery is the gd enugh mdel; that’s when ur brains aren’t analyzing every single detail f a text but instead nly grabbing enugh wrds fr a ‘gd enugh’ understanding. By fcusing less n the precise wrds, ur brains can 7 sme cgnitive resurces t deal with nise.
T see hw reading was affected by nise 8 these mdels, the researchers ran tw experiments: ne n auditry nise (71 participants) and ne n visual nise (70 participants). When it came t the auditry nise test, backgrund chatter frm verlapping pdcasts caused peple t spend lnger lking at the key sectin f sentences befre cmpleting their reading. This extra time culd 9 the nise, meaning sentence cmprehensin isn’t affected by it. In the visual nise test, cmprehensin remained the same while reading speed 10 . That’s a bit 11 cnsidering previus studies, but the researchers think peple just wanted t finish the task, with the visual nise an uncmfrtable distractin.
“In bth experiments, we bserved that lnger ttal reading time was 12 with an accuracy increase fr incrrect sentences,” write the researchers.
There’s a lt ging n in this study, but verall it’s a bigger win fr the gd-enugh language prcessing thery and an indicatin that auditry and visual nise desn’t make us 13 any mre r less n any particular cmprehensin methd while we’re reading.
With s many variables t measure in terms f what’s being read and what the 14 nise is, further study is required t learn mre. 15 ptential distractins may nt interrupt yur reading as much as yu think.
1．A．reinfrceB．estimateC．affectD．interpret
2．A．First f allB．Fr exampleC．Abve allD．T start with
3．A．cntextB．efficiencyC．cmprehensinD．device
4．A．evaluatedB．identifiedC．establishedD．emplyed
5．A．individualB．differentC．newD．unfamiliar
6．A．cnfirmB．implyC．referD．infer
7．A．explitB．spareC．cmmitD．cnsume
8．A．n accunt fB．regardless fC．in regard tD．in cntrast t
9．A．make up frB．live up tC．catch up withD．put up with
10．A．declinedB．shrankC．expandedD．increased
11．A．embarrassingB．depressingC．puzzlingD．annying
12．A．assciatedB．cmparedC．replacedD．mixed
13．A．takeB．setC．relyD．base
14．A．accmpanyingB．strangeC．deafeningD．distant
15．A．TherefreB．HweverC．InsteadD．Otherwise
(22-23高一下·上海实验·期末)
We have n idea what the jb market will lk like in 2050. It is generally agreed that machine learning and rbtics will 1 almst every line f wrk — frm prducing yghurt t teaching yga. 2 , there are cnflicting views abut the nature f the change and its urgency. Sme believe that within nly a decade r tw, billins f peple will becme 3 redundant (多余的). Others think that, even in the lng run 4 will keep creating new jbs and will prvide greater future fr all.
S, are we really facing a terrifying sudden change, r are such 5 meant t attract peple’s attentin? It is hard t say. Fears that autmatin will create cnsiderable 6 g back t the 19’century, and s far they have never cme true. Since the beginning f the Industrial Revlutin, fr every jb lst t a machine at least ne new jb was 7 , and the average standard f living has increased greatly.
Yet, there are gd reasns t think that this time is different, and that machine learning will be a real 8 . Humans have tw types f abilities — physical and cgnitive (认知的). In the past, machines cmpeted with humans mainly in 9 abilities, while humans still had a great advantage ver machines in cgnitive. 10 , as physical jbs in agriculture and industry were autmated, new service jbs appeared that required the kind f cgnitive skills nly humans pssess. They include learning, 11 , cmmunicating and, abve all else, understanding human emtins. Hwever, AI is nw beginning t 12 humans in mre and mre f these skills, including the understanding f human emtins.
We dn’t knw f any third field f activity — beynd the physical and the cgnitive — where humans will always have a secure 13 . It is imprtant t realize that AI revlutin is nt just abut cmputers getting faster and smarter. It is als ne that is being 14 by ur breakthrughs in the life sciences and the scial sciences as well. The better we understand the bichemical mechanisms (机制) that supprt human desires and chices, the better cmputers can becme at analyzing human emtins, predicting human decisins, and 15 human drivers, bankers and lawyers.
1．A．carveB．changeC．replaceD．threaten
2．A．BesidesB．HweverC．TherefreD．Likewise
3．A．ecnmicallyB．psychlgicallyC．envirnmentallyD．scially
4．A．urbanizatinB．cperatinC．cmpetitinD．autmatin
5．A．utcmesB．frecastsC．excusesD．reflectins
6．A．damageB．emergencyC．prductinD．unemplyment
7．A．dumpedB．shelvedC．createdD．testified
8．A．truble-makerB．time-saverC．game-changerD．truth-seeker
9．A．physicalB．mentalC．scialD．mathematical
10．A．By cntrastB．Fr exampleC．As a resultD．In additin
11．A．analyzingB．cpyingC．walkingD．measuring
12．A．g in frB．make d withC．turn away frmD．catch up with
13．A．envirnmentB．cnnectinC．estimatinD．advantage
14．A．dampenedB．definedC．fueledD．dubted
15．A．appealingB．replacingC．standardizingD．diversifying
(22-23高一下·上海曹二附中·期末)
If yu survey American parents abut what they want fr their kids, mre than 90 percent say ne f their tp pririties is that their children be caring. This makes sense: Kindness and cncern fr thers are held as 1 in nearly every sciety. But when yu ask children what their parents 2 fr them, 81 percent say their parents value achievement and happiness ver caring.
Kids learn what’s imprtant t adults nt by listening t what we say, but by 3 what gets ur attentin. And in many develped scieties, parents nw pay mre attentin t individual achievement and happiness than anything else. Hwever much we 4 kindness and caring, we’re nt actually shwing ur kids that we value these traits (特点).
Perhaps we shuldn’t be surprised, then, that kindness appears t be 5 . An analysis f annual surveys f American cllege students shwed a substantial drp frm 1979 t 2009 in imagining the 6 f thers.
It’s nt just that peple care less; they seem t be 7 less, t. In ne experiment, a scilgist left behind thusands f what appeared t be lst letters in dzens f American cities in 2001, and again in 2011. Frm the first rund t the secnd ne, the prprtin f letters that was 8 by helpful passersby and put in a mailbx declined by 10 percent. Psychlgists find that kids brn after 1995 are just as likely as their parents t 9 that ther peple experiencing difficulty shuld be helped — but they feel less persnal respnsibility t take actin themselves. 10 , they are less likely t dnate t charity, r even t express an interest in ding s.
If we truly care less abut ne anther, sme f the blame lies with the values parents have 11 . In ur wn lives, we’ve bserved many fellw parents becming s fcused n achievement that they fail t cultivate kindness. They seem t regard their children’s successes as a persnal badge (徽章) f hnr and their children’s failures as a(n) 12 reflectin n their wn parenting.
Other parents uncnsciusly 13 kindness, seeing it as a surce f weakness in a fiercely cmpetitive wrld. But there’s n reasn parents can’t teach their kids t care abut thers and themselves — t be bth 14 and self-respecting. If yu encurage children t cnsider the needs and feelings f thers, smetimes they will and smetimes they wn’t. But they’ll sn learn that if yu dn’t 15 thers cnsiderately, they may nt be cnsiderate tward yu. And thse arund yu will be less likely t be cnsiderate f ne anther, t.
1．A．miraclesB．aspectsC．virtuesD．schedules
2．A．wantB．makeC．changeD．buy
3．A．answeringB．wnderingC．challengingD．nticing
4．A．praiseB．researchC．frgetD．link
5．A．f significanceB．ut f rderC．n exhibitD．in decline
6．A．studiesB．perspectivesC．careersD．backgrunds
7．A．thinkingB．dingC．helpingD．learning
8．A．left ffB．taken verC．set asideD．picked up
9．A．dubtB．recallC．bjectD．believe
10．A．In additinB．By cntrastC．Fr exampleD．T date
11．A．criticizedB．elevatedC．assessedD．impacted
12．A．accurateB．admiringC．mentalD．negative
13．A．prmteB．understandC．distinguishD．discurage
14．A．creativeB．initiativeC．generusD．idealistic
15．A．cnsiderB．treatC．hearD．bserve
(22-23高一下·上海交大附中·期末)
AN UNLIKELY HERO
Miep Gies was a recently married yung ffice wrker living in Amsterdam in 1942. As German ccupiers tightened their grip n the city, Gies’s bss, Ott Frank, asked her t hide him and his family frm the Nazis, wh were sending Jews t cncentratin camps. Fr the next tw years, Gies 1 her life daily t smuggle fd t the Franks and fur thers cncealed in secret rms abve Ott’s business.
When she culd n lnger prtect the family-when the Nazis finally came and tk them away in 1944—Gies kept their stry alive by saving Anne Frank’s 2 . She’s the reasn the wrld has The Diary f a Yung Girl.
Later in Gies’s life, peple called her heric. Believing she simply did what she culd in evil times, she is said t have made this 3 : “Even an rdinary secretary r a husewife r a teenager can, within their wn small ways, turn n a small light in a dark rm.”
A Small Light tells Gies’s stry in an eight-part mini-series sht in Amsterdam and Prague. In interviews n lcatin, its creatrs and actrs 4 n why Gies remains an inspiratin.
“ 5 mst f us are familiar with the diary, what was ging n utside the the mystery,” says Tny Phelan, wh with wife Jan Rater headed the prject. Rater adds t that idea: “What des hiding peple mean n a day-t-day 6 ? Miep said yes t Ott Frank, and then yu have t say yes every day afterwards, even when it’s hard, even when yu’re sick, even when yu dn’t want t. And that, t me the everyday drudgery f it all, is quite dramatic.”
Phelan and Rater, married fr 30 years, created, executive prduced, and wrte the miniseries after six years f research. It was a 1995 7 , Anne Frank Remembered, that initially 8 their interest, and they visited the Anne Frank Huse, the museum established where the Franks nce hid. After descending its 9 , narrw stairs—as Ann had—Rater nticed a girl ding cartwheels(侧手翻) utside.
Fr A Small Light, Rater turned that memry f a girl’s carefree spirit int a flashback scene: Anne in 1941, n Miep and Jan Gies’s wedding day. She’s skipping, excited ver the rmantic ceremny. Then within a year, her life wuld be 10 but fear.
One bright spt fr Anne was visits frm Gies, wh 11 supplies by bicycle. Actress Bel Pwley plays Gies and, t get int her character’s mindset, retraced thse jurneys. “Tny and Jan gave me all these cl maps s that I culd cycle Miep’s 12 ,” she says. Pwley, wh is Jewish, felt the 13 f telling this stry, especially as the sht neared its end.
The girl wh wanted t be a famus writer became ne, f curse. Still, n ne wuld ever read 14 that began “Dear Kitty” had Gies nt gathered the scattered papers and the diary with the red-checkered cver and later given them t Ott, the family’s sle survivr. The Miep Gieses f the wrld—the small lights, the extrardinary rdinary peple wh did smething, wh pushed back against tyranny, wh pushed back against authritarians, wh pushed back against fascists—remembering what they accmplished, I think, gives us sme 15 n what we can accmplish.”
1．A．sacrificedB．savedC．rescuedD．risked
2．A．jewelleryB．jurnalC．jurneyD．justice
3．A．declaratinB．releaseC．respnseD．statement
4．A．cncentratedB．emphasizeC．reflectedD．relied
5．A．AsB．IfC．UntilD．While
6．A．baseB．basisC．fundatinD．scale
7．A．dcumentaryB．histryC．memryD．victry
8．A．sparedB．sparkedC．stackedD．steered
9．A．slimB．steadyC．steepD．stubbrn
10．A．anythingB．everythingC．nthingD．smething
11．A．fedB．ferriedC．fetchedD．filled
12．A．radB．rleC．rundD．rute
13．A．passinB．regretC．urgeD．weight
14．A．articlesB．chaptersC．clumnsD．entries
15．A．perspectiveB．ptentialC．prmiseD．prspect