河北省廊坊市部分高中2024-2025学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份河北省廊坊市部分高中2024-2025学年高一下学期5月期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版），共5页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Frm carefully recnstructed sites like Chichen Itza t the ceremnial temples f Calakmul, these are the ancient Maya ruins nt t miss in Mexic.
Chichen Itza
Named ne f the New Seven Wnders f the Wrld in 2007, the beautifully preserved Chichen Itza in Yucatán is Mexic’s mst famus Maya ruins. Despite the crwds, few are dissatisfied with El Castill — a carefully restred pyramid that rises up 80ft and has 365 steps — the largest Maya ball curt in the Americas.
Tulum
Built in the 13th century, Tulum was ne f the last cities where the Maya peple lived and the nly ne built n the cast. The pyramids here aren’t as large as ther Maya ruins in Mexic, but the setting, n 40ft-high cliffs (悬崖) abve the Caribbean waters suth f Cancun, mre than makes up fr it.
Cbá
Hme t the tallest pyramid in the state f Quintana R, Cbá was nce ne f the mst imprtant Maya cities in Yucatán. Lcated arund 30 miles west f Tulum ruins, the city was built in arund 600 CE and it eventually grew t 50,000 peple living there. Thugh much f Cbá has yet t be excavated (发掘), travellers can climb the 138ft-high Nhch Mul — a pyramid that ffers sweeping views ver the Yucatán rainfrest.
Calakmul
In Campeche’s Calakmul Bisphere Reserve near the brder with Guatemala, Calakmul is ne f Mexic’s wildest Maya ruins. It has the largest and tallest pyramid in Yucatán and mre than 6,000 buildings, many f them cvered by rainfrest. The site is particularly beautiful at sunrise, when the surrunding frest cmes alive with birdsng.
1 Which is ne f the New Seven Wnders f the Wrld?
A. Cbá.B. Tulum.C. Calakmul.D. Chichen Itza.
2. What is special abut Tulum?
A. It features 365 steps.B. It was hit by a fld in 2007.
C. It was built n the cast.D. It lies in the nrth f Cancun.
3. What can yu d at Calakmul?
A. Tur the largest Maya ball curt.B. Visit the tallest pyramid in Yucatán.
C. Climb the 138ft-high Nhch Mul.D. Have a bird’s-eye view f Yucatán.
B
Every time yu charge yur cell phne, yu are benefiting frm Jhn Gdenugh’s exceptinal creativity. After being tld that mst scientists make their majr discveries lng befre they hit middle age Gdenugh just set ff t develp a battery technlgy that has made ur mdern life pssible.
Lithium (锂) batteries had been invented befre. But Gdenugh’s inventin was a new kind f lithium battery that can stre enugh energy t pwer all srts f electrnics and is light and small enugh t make them prtable (便携式的). And, even better, such a battery wuld charge and recharge in a matter f minutes — all withut explding.
Brn in Jena, Germany in 1922, Gdenugh grew up in the United States and majred in mathematics at Yale University and earned a Ph. D in physics frm the University f Chicag. He began his career at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT), where his research laid the grundwrk fr develpment f randm-access memry (RAM) fr the digital cmputer.
Gdenugh was head f the Inrganic Chemistry Labratry at the University f Oxfrd in England when he made his lithium battery discvery. He jined the Texas University in 1986, and was still teaching and researching battery materials and engineering prblems when he wn the Nbel Prize in 2019.
Trained in mathematics and physics, Gdenugh, wh eventually becmes a grundbreaking chemist and materials engineer, des nt easily fit any existing classificatin(分类). “I wuld like the physicists t think I am a physicist, but I’m afraid they think I am a chemist and materials engineer. On the ther hand, the chemists and materials engineers think I am a physicist,” he nce jked.
4. What can we learn abut Jhn Gdenugh frm the first paragraph?
A. He is the first persn t invent lithium batteries.
B. He made his majr discvery at a relatively ld age.
C. He gt a lt f supprt and help frm the prject leaders.
D. He was cnsidered an exceptinally successful yung scientist.
5. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. Gdenugh’s research plan.B. A new kind f battery material.
C. Gdenugh’s imprvements.D. The advantages f lithium batteries.
6. Where did Jhn Gdenugh make his first lithium battery discvery?
A. At the University f Oxfrd.B. At Yale University.
C. At the University f Chicag.D. At the Texas University.
7 What did Jhn Gdenugh mean in the last paragraph?
A. Majrs are very imprtant.B. He was nt welcme anywhere.
C. He was nt a gd physicist.D. It is nt easy t classify his research.
C
A girl is driving with her parents when they spt watercress grwing by the side f the rad. Her parents stp and take her ut f the back seat. They ask her t take ff her shes and rll up her jeans t help them gather it.
It is the beginning f the stry in Watercress, a picture bk written by Andrea Wang. The stry is based n her childhd. “My parents actually sptted watercress grwing by the side f the rad in Ohi where I grew up,” Wang says. “And I was hrribly embarrassed t get ut and gather the watercress frm the dirty water. It really made me aware f hw different I was frm my friends. But fr my parents, it brught back memries f their hme cuntry and it was a cnnectin t their hmeland that they had left behind.”
The feeling f being ashamed f ur parents is universal. We’ve prbably all experienced that at sme pint. “I remember walking 20 feet behind my parents when we were walking dwn the street, pretending that I didn’t belng t them,” Wang laughs.
The pictures in Watercress have drawn inspiratin frm Chinese landscape paintings, which ften have muntains cvered in cluds. “It always has felt dreamlike t me when I lk at thse paintings. And I thught it wuld be nice t bring it int my bk because f its theme f memry,” Wang explains.
Unlike the little girl in the stry, Andrea Wang didn’t hear any stry abut her parents’ childhds until she was an adult. “My parents were trying t prtect me, by nt telling me the hardships they went thrugh,” Wang says.
But as a kid, Wang remembers feeling discnnected frm her histry. “I think it’s really imprtant fr families t share what they can,” Wang says. “S that kids knw that histry and can feel a sense f pride in their culture.”
8. Hw did Andrea Wang feel when she was tld t gather watercress?
A. Excited.B. Curius.C. Scared.D. Ashamed.
9. What des the wrd “universal” underlined in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Making sb feel a little bit angry.B. Being true at all times and in all places.
C. Needing skill t d r understand.D. Being related t a particular grup r sciety.
10. What des Andrea Wang say abut Chinese landscape paintings?
A. They are bring.B. They are difficult.
C They are beautiful.D. They are expensive.
11. What des Andrea Wang suggest parents d?
A. Avid talking abut hardships.
B. Explain whatever they went thrugh.
C. Tell their kids t be prud f their culture.
D. Share sme f their experiences with their kids.
D
Where is “space” exactly? This may seem like a simple questin, but the answer may be mre difficult than yu think.
Nwadays, mst cuntries are generally in agreement that space begins when Earth’s atmsphere ends. But n ne can tell where atmsphere actually ends and uter space begins. This leaves the dr pen fr a variety f explanatins until the Karman Line was recgnized by internatinal laws. The s-called Karman Line is an imaginary line 100 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface. Once this line is crssed, the air is t thin and traditinal planes wuld need t reach the speed f 30,564 kilmeters per hur r risk falling back t Earth. Accrding t the internatinal laws, nce pilts and aircraft crss that line, they are recgnized as astrnauts and spacecraft and are free t cnduct space peratins withut cncern fr internatinal brders (边境).
In the early age f space explratin, the US defined space differently and insisted that space start 19.3 kilmeters belw the Karman Line, since the US was cnfident that it wuld lead and remain t be the leader in the traditinal aircraft industry.
Well aware that the US wanted t perate advanced spying (侦查) aircraft safely, many develping cuntries ppsed the idea and sught t establish much higher space limits — 965.6 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface. This space limit makes things a bit difficult fr every cuntry, thugh. At that height, even the Internatinal Space Statin and Tiangng Space Statin (rbiting between 320 t 435 kilmeters up), and many satellites (rbiting 869 kilmeters up) wuld nt be cnsidered spacecraft!
In recent years, the US has been trying t determine a “safer brder f space”. In 2009, it suggested that the brder f space begin at l18 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface. What was its argument this time? It said that many breakthrughs have been made in space and spying technlgies by ther cuntries!
12. What is crrect abut the Kármán Line accrding t the internatinal laws?
A. It is unsafe fr sme cuntries.B. Traditinal planes shuld nt crss it.
C. Pilts can fly freely abve it.D. It is the highest line pilts can reach.
13. Many less develped cuntries suggested that space begin at_______.
A. 965.6 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
B. 118 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
C. 100 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
D. 90.7 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
14. What des the authr mst prbably think f the US’ suggestins?
A. Smart.B. Unfair.C. Scientific.D. Uncreative.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Where Des Space Begin Exactly?
B. Hw High Shuld the Karman Line Be?
C. Hw Can We Prtect Our Natinal Brders?
D. Why Des the US Want t Change the Karman Line?
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
During ur life, it is natural fr us t stp ccasinally and wnder whether we shuld make sme changes. If yu’d like t make the right chice, here are sme questins yu have t answer first.
Why d yu want t bring the changes t yur life? Usually, the answer is nt very bvius. ____16____ Yur hnest answer may prvide yu with lasting mtivatin (动力) that will drive yu twards yur gals.
Is it yur true need? Or d yu just feel bred and want t try smething ppular? ___17___ Yur answers may help yu see that yu dn’t need t bring such changes int yur life, since yu are a unique persn with unique needs and wishes.
____18____ Yu can start by writing dwn what is imprtant t yu. Take yur time. ____19____ Yu can start with simpler things, fr instance, wrking ut regularly, spending quality time with friends and family, learning t play an instrument etc. Frm these simple things yu can wrk n mre difficult chices later.
Are yu self-aware? D yu value cnstructive (有益的) criticism? Are yu always hnest with yurself? ____20____
Finally, let me finish by a qute, “T cnquer neself is a greater task than cnquering thers.”
A What is imprtant t yu?
B. What respnsibilities shuld yu take?
C. Dn’t try t make yur list in just ne sitting.
D. S yu have t be hnest with yurself and ask yurself why.
E. Bear in mind that hw yu apprach success can define hw yu feel.
F. Ask yurself these tw questins whenever yu just feel bred and want t make changes.
G. If yur answers t these questins are n, then yu need t wrk n yur self-awareness.
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cld winter mrning. My three little children and I gt up, ____21____ warm clthes and made ur way t the ____22____ facing nrth. The wind blew hard frm the west, and the snw made it ____23____ fr us t see the hen huse.
As we lked ut f the windw, we fund that the hen huse was gne. Miss Penny and her tw ____24____ had been blwn away by the cld nrthwest wind that still ____25____ ur ld farmhuse. I lked at the empty yard utside t make sure I wasn’t missing anything. Then I saw them — all three chickens — being arund a white rabbit. I culdn’t believe my ____26____! Hw was this strng wind nt pushing ____27____ int the field beynd? It was unbelievable. I thught.
I quickly pened the back rm dr, pulled n my husband’s lng snw trusers and heavy winter ____28____ and went ut. As the snw flew vilently arund me, I tried hard t make my way t the sft cluck-cluck sund my hens always made. When I ____29____ them, I quickly unzipped (解拉链) my heavy cat, sftly picked each hen up and _____30_____ put them int my warm cat. Then I began t walk back t the small wden huse behind ur wn huse.
The drs t the wden huse were difficult t pen, but smehw I _____31_____ t pull them apart. One by ne I laid my chickens n the cld flr and they began t cluck sftly. I _____32_____ straws (稻草) and put them inside the huse t make them _____33_____.
When I returned t ur huse, my children started _____34_____. The lk n their faces tld me that they thught I was a her _____35_____.
21. A. tk ffB. tried nC. put nD. shwed ff
22. A. windwB. drC. rfD. flr
23. A. cnvenientB. hardC. simpleD. interesting
24. A. classmatesB. friendsC. wrkersD. passengers
25. A. rebuiltB. prtectedC. heatedD. shk
26. A. shuldersB. earsC. feetD. eyes
27. A. themB. usC. herD. yu
28. A. scksB. glassesC. catD. cap
29. A. reachedB. caughtC. sawD. called
30. A. curiuslyB. carefullyC. unwillinglyD. cnfidently
31. A. plannedB. managedC. hpedD. failed
32. A. bughtB. grewC. burntD. fund
33. A. warmB. clC. frightenedD. lvely
34. A. cryingB. sleepingC. cheeringD. leaving
35. A. sisterB. mmC. brtherD. dad
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since human beings appeared n the earth, they have had a clse relatinship with the mn. In the past centuries, a lt f infrmatin abut the mn ____36____ (recrd) by scientists, wh have carried ut ____37____ series f researches.
The Sviet Unin was the ____38____ (early) cuntry t visit the mn. In 1959, it launched the first Lunar Prbe “Mn 1” that tk the first pictures f the mn. That was the first step fr man t explre the mn. In 1969, ne f the American ____39____ (astrnaut) in Apll 11, Armstrng, set ft n the mn. It was the first time that man had walked n the mn.
Nwadays, many cuntries shw great ____40____ (interesting) in explring the mn. The USA will spend seven years ____41____ (build) a base n the mn. Russia has als started a new lunar explratin prgram, and als plans t set up a base n the mn after 2020. In recent years, China has taken an ____42____ (act) part in explring the mn like Chang’e series.
It is extremely difficult ____43____ any cuntry t set up a lunar base and develp the mn alne. That’s ____44____ cuntries have agreed t develp the mn tgether. All the cuntries are wrking hard tgether _____45_____ (pen) up new living space fr mankind as sn as pssible.
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，计划组织一次班级郊游，请给你的英国朋友Cherry写封邮件邀请她参加。内容包括：
1.时间、地点；
2.活动具体内容。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the heart f a small twn lcated between rlling hills and winding rivers, there lived a teenager named Lily. Frm a yung age, Lily understd the pwer f kindness. Despite facing challenges, Lily kept sharing her kindness, which inspired thse arund her.
She wuld spend her weekends vlunteering at the lcal animal shelter, taking care f these pr pets. With warm smiles and the gentle tuch f her hands n the animals, these pets tended t fllw Lily when she entered the shelter. She always brught well-prepared fd fr them. And it wasn’t lng befre the animals began t trust her withut fear. As she visited the animal shelter, she als talked with wrkers there t knw mre abut animals.
Lily’s kindness went beynd the shelter. She made it her missin t brighten the lives f everyne she met. Whether it was lending a listening ear t a friend in need r helping an elderly neighbr, Lily’s act f kindness was like sunshine piercing (穿透) thrugh the darkest f cluds.
Despite her busy schedule, Lily did a gd jb n her studies. She apprached every challenge with a psitive attitude, knwing that with hard wrk, anything was pssible. Her active mind inspired her classmates t g fr greatness. She ffered t help thse students wh were struggling in their schlwrk. With Lily’s help, they fcused their energy n the study. And sn they began t believe in their wn abilities t have a better perfrmance at schl.
Qne day, as Lily was walking hme frm schl, she came acrss a deserted cmmunity garden verrun with weeds (杂草) and littered with rubbish. Mst peple walked past withut giving it a secnd lk, but Lily didn’t. She saw the pssibility f explring the beauty hidden in the garden and knew she had t d smething abut it.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
With the strength f purpse Lily called tgether her classmates.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As days passed, wrd abut Lily’s prject spread arund the twn.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
高一年级英语考试
试卷满分150分 考试时间120分钟
第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Frm carefully recnstructed sites like Chichen Itza t the ceremnial temples f Calakmul, these are the ancient Maya ruins nt t miss in Mexic.
Chichen Itza
Named ne f the New Seven Wnders f the Wrld in 2007, the beautifully preserved Chichen Itza in Yucatán is Mexic’s mst famus Maya ruins. Despite the crwds, few are dissatisfied with El Castill — a carefully restred pyramid that rises up 80ft and has 365 steps — the largest Maya ball curt in the Americas.
Tulum
Built in the 13th century, Tulum was ne f the last cities where the Maya peple lived and the nly ne built n the cast. The pyramids here aren’t as large as ther Maya ruins in Mexic, but the setting, n 40ft-high cliffs (悬崖) abve the Caribbean waters suth f Cancun, mre than makes up fr it.
Cbá
Hme t the tallest pyramid in the state f Quintana R, Cbá was nce ne f the mst imprtant Maya cities in Yucatán. Lcated arund 30 miles west f Tulum ruins, the city was built in arund 600 CE and it eventually grew t 50,000 peple living there. Thugh much f Cbá has yet t be excavated (发掘), travellers can climb the 138ft-high Nhch Mul — a pyramid that ffers sweeping views ver the Yucatán rainfrest.
Calakmul
In Campeche’s Calakmul Bisphere Reserve near the brder with Guatemala, Calakmul is ne f Mexic’s wildest Maya ruins. It has the largest and tallest pyramid in Yucatán and mre than 6,000 buildings, many f them cvered by rainfrest. The site is particularly beautiful at sunrise, when the surrunding frest cmes alive with birdsng.
1. Which is ne f the New Seven Wnders f the Wrld?
A. Cbá.B. Tulum.C. Calakmul.D. Chichen Itza.
2. What is special abut Tulum?
A. It features 365 steps.B. It was hit by a fld in 2007.
C. It was built n the cast.D. It lies in the nrth f Cancun.
3. What can yu d at Calakmul?
A. Tur the largest Maya ball curt.B. Visit the tallest pyramid in Yucatán.
C. Climb the 138ft-high Nhch Mul.D. Have a bird’s-eye view f Yucatán.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了四个墨西哥不容错过的古玛雅遗址。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Chichen Itza部分中“Named ne f the New Seven Wnders f the Wrld in 2007, the beautifully preserved Chichen Itza in Yucatán is Mexic’s mst famus Maya ruins.(2007年被评为世界新七大奇迹之一，位于Yucatán的奇琴伊察保存完好，是墨西哥最著名的玛雅遗址)”可知，2007年Chichen Itza入选世界新七大奇迹。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Tulum部分中“Built in the 13th century, Tulum was ne f the last cities where the Maya peple lived and the nly ne built n the cast.(图卢姆建于13世纪，是玛雅人最后居住的城市之一，也是唯一一座建在海岸上的城市)”可知，Tulum 是唯一一座建在海滨的玛雅古城。故选C。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Calakmul部分中“It has the largest and tallest pyramid in Yucatán and mre than 6,000 buildings, many f them cvered by rainfrest.(它拥有Yucatán中最大和最高的金字塔，以及6000多座建筑，其中许多都被雨林覆盖)”可知，在Calakmul能参观Yucatán 地区最高的金字塔。故选B。
B
Every time yu charge yur cell phne, yu are benefiting frm Jhn Gdenugh’s exceptinal creativity. After being tld that mst scientists make their majr discveries lng befre they hit middle age Gdenugh just set ff t develp a battery technlgy that has made ur mdern life pssible.
Lithium (锂) batteries had been invented befre. But Gdenugh’s inventin was a new kind f lithium battery that can stre enugh energy t pwer all srts f electrnics and is light and small enugh t make them prtable (便携式的). And, even better, such a battery wuld charge and recharge in a matter f minutes — all withut explding.
Brn in Jena, Germany in 1922, Gdenugh grew up in the United States and majred in mathematics at Yale University and earned a Ph. D in physics frm the University f Chicag. He began his career at the Massachusetts Institute f Technlgy (MIT), where his research laid the grundwrk fr develpment f randm-access memry (RAM) fr the digital cmputer.
Gdenugh was head f the Inrganic Chemistry Labratry at the University f Oxfrd in England when he made his lithium battery discvery. He jined the Texas University in 1986, and was still teaching and researching battery materials and engineering prblems when he wn the Nbel Prize in 2019.
Trained in mathematics and physics, Gdenugh, wh eventually becmes a grundbreaking chemist and materials engineer, des nt easily fit any existing classificatin(分类). “I wuld like the physicists t think I am a physicist, but I’m afraid they think I am a chemist and materials engineer. On the ther hand, the chemists and materials engineers think I am a physicist,” he nce jked.
4. What can we learn abut Jhn Gdenugh frm the first paragraph?
A. He is the first persn t invent lithium batteries.
B. He made his majr discvery at a relatively ld age.
C. He gt a lt f supprt and help frm the prject leaders.
D. He was cnsidered an exceptinally successful yung scientist.
5. What is the secnd paragraph mainly abut?
A. Gdenugh’s research plan.B. A new kind f battery material.
C. Gdenugh’s imprvements.D. The advantages f lithium batteries.
6. Where did Jhn Gdenugh make his first lithium battery discvery?
A. At the University f Oxfrd.B. At Yale University.
C. At the University f Chicag.D. At the Texas University.
7. What did Jhn Gdenugh mean in the last paragraph?
A. Majrs are very imprtant.B. He was nt welcme anywhere.
C. He was nt a gd physicist.D. It is nt easy t classify his research.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了由Jhn Gdenugh改进后的锂电池，能储存更多的电量，且重量轻，小巧，方便携带。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第一段“After being tld that mst scientists make their majr discveries lng befre they hit middle age Gdenugh just set ff t develp a battery technlgy that has made ur mdern life pssible.(在被告知大多数的科学家在中年之前就做出了重大发现后，他开始开发一种电池技术，这种技术使现代生活成为可能。)”可知，他得知很多科学家在中年前就做出了重大发现，因此他决定开始研发这种电池技术，故他可能是在相对年长的时候做出的巨大贡献，故选B。
5题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Lithium(锂) batteries had been invented befre. But Gdenugh’s inventin was a new kind f lithium battery that can stre enugh energy t pwer all srts f electrnics and is light and small enugh t make them prtable(便携式的). And, even better, such a battery wuld charge and recharge in a matter f minutes—all withut explding.(之前就发明了锂电池。但Gdenugh发明的是一种新的锂电池，它能储存足够多的电量来为各种电子产品提供电，而且它轻便，小巧，是便携式的。并且，更好的是，这样的电池可以在几分钟内完成充电和再次充电，而且不会爆炸。)”可知，第二段主要介绍了Gdenugh发明的锂电池有所改善的地方，故选C。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Gdenugh was head f the Inrganic Chemistry Labratry at the University f Oxfrd in England when he made his lithium battery discvery.(当发明这款锂电池时，他在牛津大学担任无机化学实验室的主任。)”可知，Gdenugh在英国牛津大学担任无机化学实验室主任时发现了锂电池，故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Trained in mathematics and physics, Gdenugh, wh eventually becmes a grundbreaking chemist and materials engineer, des nt easily fit any existing classificatin(分类).(受过物理和数学的培训的Gdenugh，最终成为了一名开创性的化学家和材料工程师，他很难去适应任何现有的分类。)”可知，Gdenugh受过多领域的培训，又是著名的化学家和材料工程师，因此他很难将自己的研究归类，不知道应该属于哪种类别，故选D。
C
A girl is driving with her parents when they spt watercress grwing by the side f the rad. Her parents stp and take her ut f the back seat. They ask her t take ff her shes and rll up her jeans t help them gather it.
It is the beginning f the stry in Watercress, a picture bk written by Andrea Wang. The stry is based n her childhd. “My parents actually sptted watercress grwing by the side f the rad in Ohi where I grew up,” Wang says. “And I was hrribly embarrassed t get ut and gather the watercress frm the dirty water. It really made me aware f hw different I was frm my friends. But fr my parents, it brught back memries f their hme cuntry and it was a cnnectin t their hmeland that they had left behind.”
The feeling f being ashamed f ur parents is universal. We’ve prbably all experienced that at sme pint. “I remember walking 20 feet behind my parents when we were walking dwn the street, pretending that I didn’t belng t them,” Wang laughs.
The pictures in Watercress have drawn inspiratin frm Chinese landscape paintings, which ften have muntains cvered in cluds. “It always has felt dreamlike t me when I lk at thse paintings. And I thught it wuld be nice t bring it int my bk because f its theme f memry,” Wang explains.
Unlike the little girl in the stry, Andrea Wang didn’t hear any stry abut her parents’ childhds until she was an adult. “My parents were trying t prtect me, by nt telling me the hardships they went thrugh,” Wang says.
But as a kid, Wang remembers feeling discnnected frm her histry. “I think it’s really imprtant fr families t share what they can,” Wang says. “S that kids knw that histry and can feel a sense f pride in their culture.”
8. Hw did Andrea Wang feel when she was tld t gather watercress?
A. Excited.B. Curius.C. Scared.D. Ashamed.
9. What des the wrd “universal” underlined in paragraph 3 mean?
A. Making sb feel a little bit angry.B. Being true at all times and in all places.
C. Needing skill t d r understand.D. Being related t a particular grup r sciety.
10. What des Andrea Wang say abut Chinese landscape paintings?
A. They are bring.B. They are difficult.
C. They are beautiful.D. They are expensive.
11. What des Andrea Wang suggest parents d?
A. Avid talking abut hardships.
B. Explain whatever they went thrugh.
C. Tell their kids t be prud f their culture.
D. Share sme f their experiences with their kids.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要通过自己的经历讲述，建议家长应该要与孩子分享他们的经历，从而让孩子们了解历史，有民族自豪感。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“And I was hrribly embarrassed t get ut and gather the watercress frm the dirty water. It really made me aware f hw different I was frm my friends.(我十分尴尬地下车，从脏水里采水田芥。这让我知道我与朋友有多不一样。)”可知，当Andrea Wang被要求去采水田芥时，她感到很尴尬，感觉自己与其他朋友不一样，需要在脏水里采水田芥，故感到很羞愧，故选D。
【9题详解】
词义猜测题。根据文章第三段划线词universal后的内容“We’ve prbably all experienced that at sme pint.(我们可能在某个时刻有过这种经历。)”可知，后文提到我们每个人都经历过这种事情，故此处划线词universal意为“普遍存在的”，我们对父母感到羞愧是普遍存在的，都经历过的，故D项“在所有的时间和地点都是真实的存在”是对划线词的解释，故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段““It always has felt dreamlike t me when I lk at thse paintings. And I thught it wuld be nice t bring it int my bk because f its theme f memry,” Wang explains.( Wang解释道：“当我看到这些画时，这对我来说，像是做梦一样，把它放进我的书里是很不错的，因为它回忆的主题。”)”可知，Wang认为中国山水画就像是梦境一般，很美，故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I think it’s really imprtant fr families t share what they can,” Wang says. “S that kids knw that histry and can feel a sense f pride in their culture.”(Wang说：“我认为家人一起分享他们能分享的东西真的很重要，这样的话，孩子就能了解历史，能体会文化的自豪感。”)”可知，建议父母与孩子分享他们的经历，这样的话能培养孩子的文化自豪感，故选D。
D
Where is “space” exactly? This may seem like a simple questin, but the answer may be mre difficult than yu think.
Nwadays, mst cuntries are generally in agreement that space begins when Earth’s atmsphere ends. But n ne can tell where atmsphere actually ends and uter space begins. This leaves the dr pen fr a variety f explanatins until the Karman Line was recgnized by internatinal laws. The s-called Karman Line is an imaginary line 100 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface. Once this line is crssed, the air is t thin and traditinal planes wuld need t reach the speed f 30,564 kilmeters per hur r risk falling back t Earth. Accrding t the internatinal laws, nce pilts and aircraft crss that line, they are recgnized as astrnauts and spacecraft and are free t cnduct space peratins withut cncern fr internatinal brders (边境).
In the early age f space explratin, the US defined space differently and insisted that space start 19.3 kilmeters belw the Karman Line, since the US was cnfident that it wuld lead and remain t be the leader in the traditinal aircraft industry.
Well aware that the US wanted t perate advanced spying (侦查) aircraft safely, many develping cuntries ppsed the idea and sught t establish much higher space limits — 965.6 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface. This space limit makes things a bit difficult fr every cuntry, thugh. At that height, even the Internatinal Space Statin and Tiangng Space Statin (rbiting between 320 t 435 kilmeters up), and many satellites (rbiting 869 kilmeters up) wuld nt be cnsidered spacecraft!
In recent years, the US has been trying t determine a “safer brder f space”. In 2009, it suggested that the brder f space begin at l18 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface. What was its argument this time? It said that many breakthrughs have been made in space and spying technlgies by ther cuntries!
12. What is crrect abut the Kármán Line accrding t the internatinal laws?
A. It is unsafe fr sme cuntries.B. Traditinal planes shuld nt crss it.
C. Pilts can fly freely abve it.D. It is the highest line pilts can reach.
13. Many less develped cuntries suggested that space begin at_______.
A. 965.6 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
B. 118 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
C. 100 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
D. 90.7 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface
14. What des the authr mst prbably think f the US’ suggestins?
A. Smart.B. Unfair.C. Scientific.D. Uncreative.
15. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Where Des Space Begin Exactly?
B. Hw High Shuld the Karman Line Be?
C Hw Can We Prtect Our Natinal Brders?
D. Why Des the US Want t Change the Karman Line?
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了太空的起点在哪里的问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Accrding t the internatinal laws, nce pilts and aircraft crss that line, they are recgnized as astrnauts and spacecraft and are free t cnduct space peratins withut cncern fr internatinal brders (边境).(根据国际法，一旦飞行员和飞机跨过了这条线，它们就被看做是宇航员或者宇宙飞船，能自由地进行太空操作，而不用担心国际边界的问题。)”可知，根据国际法律，飞机一旦跨越了卡门线，就不用受国际边界的约束，能自由地飞行，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Well aware that the US wanted t perate advanced spying(侦查) aircraft safely, many develping cuntries ppsed the idea and sught t establish much higher space limits—965.6 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface.(知道美国想要安全地操控先进的侦察飞船，因此很多发展中国家反对这一想法，并寻求建立更高的太空限制——在地球表面以上965.6千米处。)”可知，许多欠发达国家建议太空从地球表面以上965.6公里开始，故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“In recent years, the US has been trying t determine a “safer brder f space”. In 2009, it suggested that the brder f space begin at l18 kilmeters abve Earth’s surface. What was its argument this time? It said that many breakthrughs have been made in space and spying technlgies by ther cuntries!(近年来，美国一直在试图确定一个“更安全的太空边界”。2009年，它提出太空边界始于地球表面以上118公里处。这次它的论点是什么？它说其他国家在太空和间谍技术方面取得了许多突破！)”可知，美国因为认为其他国家在太空和间谍技术方面取得了许多突破，因此提出太空边界应始于地球表面以上118公里处，这只是为了它自己的利益出发，故可推知，作者认为美国的建议是不公平的，故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Where is “space” exactly? This may seem like a simple questin, but the answer may be mre difficult than yu think.(太空到底从哪里开始？这似乎是第一个简单的问题，但答案却比你想象中难得多。)”可知，文章在第一段提出关于太空的起点在哪里的问题，后文分别介绍了不同的国家有不同的看法。由此可知，A项“太空到底从哪里开始？”为文章的最佳标题。故选A。
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
During ur life, it is natural fr us t stp ccasinally and wnder whether we shuld make sme changes. If yu’d like t make the right chice, here are sme questins yu have t answer first.
Why d yu want t bring the changes t yur life? Usually, the answer is nt very bvius. ____16____ Yur hnest answer may prvide yu with lasting mtivatin (动力) that will drive yu twards yur gals.
Is it yur true need? Or d yu just feel bred and want t try smething ppular? ___17___ Yur answers may help yu see that yu dn’t need t bring such changes int yur life, since yu are a unique persn with unique needs and wishes.
____18____ Yu can start by writing dwn what is imprtant t yu. Take yur time. ____19____ Yu can start with simpler things, fr instance, wrking ut regularly, spending quality time with friends and family, learning t play an instrument etc. Frm these simple things yu can wrk n mre difficult chices later.
Are yu self-aware? D yu value cnstructive (有益的) criticism? Are yu always hnest with yurself? ____20____
Finally, let me finish by a qute, “T cnquer neself is a greater task than cnquering thers.”
A. What is imprtant t yu?
B. What respnsibilities shuld yu take?
C. Dn’t try t make yur list in just ne sitting.
D. S yu have t be hnest with yurself and ask yurself why.
E. Bear in mind that hw yu apprach success can define hw yu feel.
F. Ask yurself these tw questins whenever yu just feel bred and want t make changes.
G. If yur answers t these questins are n, then yu need t wrk n yur self-awareness.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. A 19. C 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者给出了几条防止为求变而变的建议。
【16题详解】
根据空前的“Why d yu want t bring the changes t yur life? Usually, the answer is nt very bvius.(为什么你想改变你的生活？通常，答案不是很明显。)”可知，我们经常不知道自己为什么求变，结合空后的“Yur hnest answer may prvide yu with lasting mtivatin (动力) that will drive yu twards yur gals.(你诚实的回答可能会给你提供持久的动力，让你朝着你的目标前进。)”可知，对这个问题的诚实回答可以为你实现你的目标提供不竭动力，由此可推断，此空处讲述的是对为什么而变应作出诚实的回答，D选项“S yu have t be hnest with yurself and ask yurself why.(所以你必须对自己诚实，问自己为什么。)”讲述的内容与空前内容为因果关系，且空后的hnest answer与此选项内容一致。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据空前的“Is it yur true need? Or d yu just feel bred and want t try smething ppular?(这是你真正的需要吗？或者你只是觉得无聊，想尝试一些流行的东西?)”可知，此处提出了两个问题，建议你在求变时面对这两个问题，F选项“Ask yurself these tw questins whenever yu just feel bred and want t make changes.(每当你感到无聊，想要做出改变的时候，问自己这两个问题。)”中的these tw questins指的为空前的两个问题，符合语境。故选F项。
【18题详解】
分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，根据空后的“Yu can start by writing dwn what is imprtant t yu.(你可以从写下对你重要的事情开始。)”以及本段下文中介绍的细节可知，本段讲述的是不同事物的重要性，A选项“What is imprtant t yu?(什么对你来说是重要的?)”讲述的内容与本段的内容一致，且概括了本段的主题。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据空前的“Yu can start by writing dwn what is imprtant t yu. Take yur time.(你可以从写下对你重要的事情开始。慢慢来。)”可知此处建议写下重要的事情，不用着急，结合空后的“Yu can start with simpler things, fr instance, wrking ut regularly, spending quality time with friends and family, learning t play an instrument etc. (你可以从简单的事情开始，例如，定期锻炼，与朋友和家人共度美好时光，学习演奏乐器等等。)”可知，此处建议从简单的事情开始写，C选项“Dn’t try t make yur list in just ne sitting.(不要试图一次就列出你的清单。)”建议不要一次性写完，与空前的“慢慢来”吻合，进而在空后建议从一些简单的事情开始，符合语境。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据空前的“Are yu self-aware? D yu value cnstructive (有益的) criticism? Are yu always hnest with yurself?(你有自知之明吗？你重视有益的批评吗？你总是对自己诚实吗？)”可知，空前提出三个有关自知之明的问题，G选项“If yur answers t these questins are n, then yu need t wrk n yur self-awareness.(如果你对这些问题的回答是否定的，那么你需要提高你的自我意识。)”中的these questins指的是空前所提出的三个问题，且其中的self-awareness与空前的三个问题的内容一致。故选G项。
第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a cld winter mrning. My three little children and I gt up, ____21____ warm clthes and made ur way t the ____22____ facing nrth. The wind blew hard frm the west, and the snw made it ____23____ fr us t see the hen huse.
As we lked ut f the windw, we fund that the hen huse was gne. Miss Penny and her tw ____24____ had been blwn away by the cld nrthwest wind that still ____25____ ur ld farmhuse. I lked at the empty yard utside t make sure I wasn’t missing anything. Then I saw them — all three chickens — being arund a white rabbit. I culdn’t believe my ____26____! Hw was this strng wind nt pushing ____27____ int the field beynd? It was unbelievable. I thught.
I quickly pened the back rm dr, pulled n my husband’s lng snw trusers and heavy winter ____28____ and went ut. As the snw flew vilently arund me, I tried hard t make my way t the sft cluck-cluck sund my hens always made. When I ____29____ them, I quickly unzipped (解拉链) my heavy cat, sftly picked each hen up and _____30_____ put them int my warm cat. Then I began t walk back t the small wden huse behind ur wn huse.
The drs t the wden huse were difficult t pen, but smehw I _____31_____ t pull them apart. One by ne I laid my chickens n the cld flr and they began t cluck sftly. I _____32_____ straws (稻草) and put them inside the huse t make them _____33_____.
When I returned t ur huse, my children started _____34_____. The lk n their faces tld me that they thught I was a her _____35_____.
21. A. tk ffB. tried nC. put nD. shwed ff
22. A. windwB. drC. rfD. flr
23. A. cnvenientB. hardC. simpleD. interesting
24. A. classmatesB. friendsC. wrkersD. passengers
25. A. rebuiltB. prtectedC. heatedD. shk
26. A. shuldersB. earsC. feetD. eyes
27. A. themB. usC. herD. yu
28. A. scksB. glassesC. catD. cap
29. A. reachedB. caughtC. sawD. called
30. A. curiuslyB. carefullyC. unwillinglyD. cnfidently
31. A. plannedB. managedC. hpedD. failed
32. A. bughtB. grewC. burntD. fund
33. A. warmB. clC. frightenedD. lvely
34. A. cryingB. sleepingC. cheeringD. leaving
35. A. sisterB. mmC. brtherD. dad
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在一个暴风雪的早晨，作者和孩子们发现鸡舍被狂风吹走，三只母鸡奇迹般地围着一只白兔未被吹走，然后作者冒着风雪将母鸡救回，孩子们把作者当作英雄。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我和三个孩子起床，穿上暖和的衣服，走向朝北的窗户。A. tk ff脱下；B. tried n试穿；C. put n穿上；D. shwed ff炫耀。根据上文“My three little children and I gt up”可知，作者和三个孩子起床后是穿上暖和的衣服。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和三个孩子起床，穿上暖和的衣服，走向朝北的窗户。A. windw窗户；B. dr门；C. rf屋顶；D. flr地板。根据下文“As we lked ut f the windw”可知，作者和孩子们向窗外望去，因此是走向朝北的窗户。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：从西边吹来的风很大，大雪使我们很难看到鸡舍。A. cnvenient方便的；B. hard困难的；C. simple简单的；D. interesting有趣的。根据上文“The wind blew hard frm the west, and the snw”可知，从西边吹来的风很大，而且还在下雪，因此视野会很模糊，使作者他们很难看到鸡舍。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Penny小姐和她的两个朋友被凛冽的西北风吹走了，西北风还在摇动着我们老旧的农舍。A. classmates同学；B. friends朋友；C. wrkers工人；D. passengers乘客。根据上文“As we lked ut f the windw, we fund that the hen huse was gne.”可知，作者他们发现鸡舍不见了，Penny小姐是一只鸡，此处指她和其他两只鸡，即她的两个朋友，被西北风吹走了。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Penny小姐和她的两个朋友被凛冽的西北风吹走了，西北风还在摇动着我们老旧的农舍。A. rebuilt重建；B. prtected保护；C. heated加热；D. shk摇晃。根据上文“Miss Penny and her tw ____4____ had been blwn away by the cld nrthwest wind”可知，凛冽的西北风把鸡吹走了，风力很强，因此是在摇动着老旧的农舍。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛！A. shulders肩膀；B. ears耳朵；C. feet脚；D. eyes眼睛。根据上文“Then I saw them — all three chickens — being arund a white rabbit.”可知，作者是不敢相信自己的眼睛所看到的情景。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查代词词义辨析。句意：这股强风怎么没有把它们吹到远处的田野里去呢？A. them他/她/它们；B. us我们；C. her她；D. yu你，你们。根据上文“Then I saw them — all three chickens — being arund a white rabbit.”可知，此处应用them指代这三只鸡。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我迅速打开后屋的门，穿上丈夫的雪地长裤和厚厚的冬季外套，走了出去。A. scks袜子；B. glasses眼镜；C. cat外套；D. cap帽子。根据下文“I quickly unzipped (解拉链) my heavy cat”可知，作者穿上了丈夫厚厚的冬季外套。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我到达它们身边时，我迅速拉开厚外套的拉链，轻轻地把每只母鸡捡起来，小心翼翼地放进我温暖的外套里。A. reached到达；B. caught抓住；C. saw看见；D. called呼叫。根据下文“I quickly unzipped (解拉链) my heavy cat, sftly picked each hen up and ____10____ put them int my warm cat”可知，作者是到达这三只鸡的身边后，再拉开厚外套的拉链，捡起它们的。故选A。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我到达它们身边时，我迅速拉开厚外套的拉链，轻轻地把每只母鸡捡起来，小心翼翼地放进我温暖的外套里。A. curiusly好奇地；B. carefully小心地；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. cnfidently自信地。根据上文“sftly picked each hen up”可知，作者轻轻地把每只母鸡捡起来，动作很柔和，因此是小心翼翼地放进温暖的外套里。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：木屋的门很难打开，但我设法把它们拉开了。A. planned计划；B. managed设法；C. hped希望；D. failed失败。根据上文“The drs t the wden huse were difficult t pen”和表示转折的“but”可知，虽然木屋的门很难打开，但作者还是设法把它们拉开了。故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一些稻草，把它们放在屋里让鸡取暖。A. bught购买；B. grew种植；C. burnt燃烧；D. fund找到。根据作者一家住在农舍中，以及下文“straws (稻草) and put them inside the huse”可知，作者是找到一些稻草，然后把它们放在屋里。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我找到了一些稻草，把它们放在屋里让鸡取暖。A. warm温暖的；B. cl凉爽的；C. frightened害怕的；D. lvely可爱的。根据上文“One by ne I laid my chickens n the cld flr and they began t cluck sftly.”可知，地板是冰冷的，因此作者是用稻草给鸡取暖。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我回到家时，我的孩子们开始欢呼。A. crying哭泣；B. sleeping睡觉；C. cheering欢呼；D. leaving离开。根据上文叙述的作者冒着风雪将鸡救回，带回屋子里可知，孩子们会因此而欢呼。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们脸上的表情告诉我，他们认为我是一个英雄妈妈。A. sister姐妹；B. mm妈妈；C. brther兄弟；D. dad爸爸。根据上文“My three little children”和“I quickly pened the back rm dr, pulled n my husband’s lng snw trusers and heavy winter ____8____ and went ut.”可知，作者是孩子们的妈妈，他们是把作者看作一个英雄妈妈。故选B。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Since human beings appeared n the earth, they have had a clse relatinship with the mn. In the past centuries, a lt f infrmatin abut the mn ____36____ (recrd) by scientists, wh have carried ut ____37____ series f researches.
The Sviet Unin was the ____38____ (early) cuntry t visit the mn. In 1959, it launched the first Lunar Prbe “Mn 1” that tk the first pictures f the mn. That was the first step fr man t explre the mn. In 1969, ne f the American ____39____ (astrnaut) in Apll 11, Armstrng, set ft n the mn. It was the first time that man had walked n the mn.
Nwadays, many cuntries shw great ____40____ (interesting) in explring the mn. The USA will spend seven years ____41____ (build) a base n the mn. Russia has als started a new lunar explratin prgram, and als plans t set up a base n the mn after 2020. In recent years, China has taken an ____42____ (act) part in explring the mn like Chang’e series.
It is extremely difficult ____43____ any cuntry t set up a lunar base and develp the mn alne. That’s ____44____ cuntries have agreed t develp the mn tgether. All the cuntries are wrking hard tgether _____45_____ (pen) up new living space fr mankind as sn as pssible.
【答案】36. has been recrded
37. a 38. earliest
39. astrnauts
40. interest
41. building
42 active 43. fr
44. why 45. t pen
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。本文讲述了人类与月球的探索历史，从苏联和美国早期的探月成就，到当今各国（包括中国）对月球开发的积极参与。文章强调，月球开发需要国际合作，各国正共同努力为人类开辟新的生存空间。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的几个世纪里，科学家们记录了大量关于月球的信息，并开展了一系列研究。此处作谓语动词，主语为a lt f infrmatin abut the mn，为单数，与recrd之间为被动关系，且根据时间状语In the past centuries可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has been recrded。
【37题详解】
考查冠词。句意：同上。此处意为“一系列的”，表达为a series f…，故此处应用不定冠词a，故填a。
【38题详解】
考查形容词的最高级。句意：苏联是最早访问月球的国家。根据空前的定冠词the可知，此处应用形容词的最高级earliest“最早的”作定语，修饰名词cuntry，故填earliest。
【39题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：1969年，美国阿波罗11号的宇航员之一阿姆斯特朗踏上了月球。根据空前的ne f可知，此处应用名词astrnaut“宇航员”的复数形式作介词f的宾语，故填astrnauts。
【40题详解】
考查名词。句意：如今，许多国家对探索月球表现出极大的兴趣。此处作宾语，故用应用名词interest“兴趣”作动词shw的宾语，故填interest。
【41题详解】
考查动名词。句意：美国将花费七年时间在月球上建造基地。此处为spent smetime (in) ding sth.“在某事上花多少时间”结构，故此处应用动名词形式作宾语，故填building。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：近年来，中国积极参与了嫦娥系列等探月任务。此处意为“积极参加”，表达为take an active part in，故此处应用形容词active“积极的”作定语，修饰名词part，故填active。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：对于任何国家来说，单独建立月球基地并开发月球极其困难。此处为it is+adj.+fr sb+t d sth.“对某人来说，做某事是……的”结构，故此处应用介词fr，表示“对……来说”，故填fr。
【44题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么各国同意共同开发月球。此处前文“对于任何国家来说，单独建立月球基地并开发月球极其困难”作为后文“各国同意共同开发月球”的原因，故此处应用why引导表语从句，故填why。
【45题详解】
考查不定式。句意：所有国家正共同努力，尽快为人类开辟新的生存空间。此处表示“所有国家共同努力的目的是为了尽快为人类开辟新的生存空间”，故应用不定式t d作目的状语，故填t pen。
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，计划组织一次班级郊游，请给你的英国朋友Cherry写封邮件邀请她参加。内容包括：
1.时间、地点；
2.活动具体内容
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Dear Cherry,
Hw is everything ging these days? I’m writing t invite yu t jin ur class uting this Thursday, Octber 28th. We will start at 7:00 early in the mrning frm ur schl gate, and then take a bus t Xuan Wu lake, where we will rw a bat in the mrning and then have a picnic at nn. If yu culd cme with us, it is nt necessary fr yu t take fd but yu’d better prepare a pair f waterprf shes.
We will be really glad if yu can cme. Lking frward t yur reply.
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Cherry写封邮件，邀请她参加班级郊游。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：jin→take part in
出发：start→set ut
必要的：necessary→essential
高兴的：glad→delighted
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I’m writing t invite yu t jin ur class uting this Thursday, Octber 28th.
拓展句：I’m writing t invite yu t jin ur class uting, which will be held this Thursday, Octber 28th.
【点睛】[高分句型1] We will start at 7:00 early in the mrning frm ur schl gate, and then take a bus t Xuan Wu lake, where we will rw a bat in the mrning and then have a picnic at nn. (运用了where引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] If yu culd cme with us, it is nt necessary fr yu t take fd but yu’d better prepare a pair f waterprf shes. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the heart f a small twn lcated between rlling hills and winding rivers, there lived a teenager named Lily. Frm a yung age, Lily understd the pwer f kindness. Despite facing challenges, Lily kept sharing her kindness, which inspired thse arund her.
She wuld spend her weekends vlunteering at the lcal animal shelter, taking care f these pr pets. With warm smiles and the gentle tuch f her hands n the animals, these pets tended t fllw Lily when she entered the shelter. She always brught well-prepared fd fr them. And it wasn’t lng befre the animals began t trust her withut fear. As she visited the animal shelter, she als talked with wrkers there t knw mre abut animals.
Lily’s kindness went beynd the shelter. She made it her missin t brighten the lives f everyne she met. Whether it was lending a listening ear t a friend in need r helping an elderly neighbr, Lily’s act f kindness was like sunshine piercing (穿透) thrugh the darkest f cluds.
Despite her busy schedule, Lily did a gd jb n her studies. She apprached every challenge with a psitive attitude, knwing that with hard wrk, anything was pssible. Her active mind inspired her classmates t g fr greatness. She ffered t help thse students wh were struggling in their schlwrk. With Lily’s help, they fcused their energy n the study. And sn they began t believe in their wn abilities t have a better perfrmance at schl.
Qne day, as Lily was walking hme frm schl, she came acrss a deserted cmmunity garden verrun with weeds (杂草) and littered with rubbish. Mst peple walked past withut giving it a secnd lk, but Lily didn’t. She saw the pssibility f explring the beauty hidden in the garden and knew she had t d smething abut it.
注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右;
2.请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
With the strength f purpse Lily called tgether her classmates.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
As days passed, wrd abut Lily’s prject spread arund the twn.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 With the strength f purpse, Lily called tgether her classmates. She tld them what she saw in the deserted garden. “I intend t turn the place int a beautiful garden, but I badly need yur supprt. Let’s wrk tgether t create a better cmmunity,” she said. Sn these yungsters jined her in rebuilding the garden. Armed with tls, they wrked tirelessly in the garden n weekends. They grew trees alng the dirt paths and flwers and vegetables in the pen space. As the seasns changed, the garden was becming mre and mre amazing.
As days passed, wrd abut Lily’s prject spread arund the twn. Mre teenagers jined in the prject and cntributed t the garden. The lcals came t admire the garden which had been s lifeless. Peple were surprised that a grup f teenagers culd make such a significant difference. The garden became a symbl f hpe in the cmmunity. As a result, Lily became well-knwn arund the twn. Walking in the garden, Lily smiled, knwing that she was helping t make the wrld a brighter and mre beautiful place fr all.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了小镇女孩Lily很小的时候就明白善良的力量，她一直分享着她的善良，激励着她周围的人，她去当地的动物收容所做志愿者，还在学习上帮助、激励有困难的学生，一天放学回家的路上，Lily看到一个废弃的社区花园，她看到了探索花园中隐藏的美丽的可能性，她知道她必须为此做点什么。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“怀着坚定的决心，Lily召集了她的同学。”可知，第一段可描写Lily告诉同学们关于废弃花园并一起努力重建它。
②由第二段首句内容“日子一天天过去，Lily的计划传遍了整个小镇”可知，第二段可描写更多人加入Lily把花园变成了社区希望的象征以及这件事对Lily的影响。
2.续写线索：告知计划——重建花园——花园发生变化——更多人加入——惊讶青少年产生的影响——Lily变得出名
3.词汇激活
行为类
①告诉：tell sb sth/infrm sb f sth
②加入：jin in/participate in
③欣赏：admire/appreciate
情绪类
①惊讶：surprised/astnished
②笑：smile/grin
【点睛】[高分句型1] She tld them what she saw in the deserted garden.（由连接词what引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2] The lcals came t admire the garden which had been s lifeless.（由关系代词which引导定语从句）