山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份山东省菏泽市2024-2025学年高二下学期4月期中考试英语试卷（解析版），共5页。试卷主要包含了5分，满分37等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Caytn Children’s Museum is a nn-prfit rganizatin that activates the pwer f play t enrich the lives f children and their families, build strnger, mre cnnected cmmunities, and create a better wrld.
The Caytn Children’s Museum is a favurite amng the lcal families. The museum is hme t 5 separate exhibit wings that cver tpics frm imaginatin and creativity t learning abut careers and the wrld. It ffers 21,000 square feet f discvery frm a helicpter t a miniature artefact and t s much mre. There are art studis, a state-f-the-art theatre, and adaptable cmmunity spaces–yu and yur child can experience the Caytn differently every time. Mst exhibits are cnsidered apprpriate fr kids under the age f 10, but even lder visitrs can have fun while walking thrugh and testing ut the hands-n displays. That means this is a perfect place fr the entire family t have a day f fun.
Admissin: General visitrs, $15; Yearly memberships are available fr $240. Children under ne-year-ld, fr free.
A few basic rules:
Please fllw the instructins f the staff.
We encurage walking instead f running.
Children must always be accmpanied by their adults.
Sme exhibits have age restrictins. Be mindful f signs.
Be mindful f ther visitrs in the space when taking phts.
Address: 395 Santa Mnica Pl.; Nearby bus stps are n 2nd Street and Bradway r 4th Street.
General public: Mnday-Sunday 10 am-5 pm Clsed Tuesday
Member access: Mnday-Saturday 9-10 am Clsed Tuesday
Parking: Parking is available in the parking structures. The first 90 minutes f parking is free.
1. What is the gal f the Caytn Children’s Museum?
A. T expand the lcal culture.
B. T give kids mre educatin.
C. T create gd living cnditins.
D. T develp children’s creativity.
2. What makes the Caytn Children’s Museum special?
A. It cvers a variety f themes.
B. It has clsely linked exhibit areas.
C. All exhibits are available t kids f all ages.
D. Children and parents can access the Caytn separately.
3. What can we learn abut the Caytn Children’s Museum?
A. Yu can visit the museum n Tuesday.
B. Yu can park there fr free fr tw hurs.
C. Yu have a chance t take a helicpter ride.
D. Yu can get ff at Bradway t visit the museum.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要提供了关于Caytn儿童博物馆的详细信息，包括其宗旨、设施、展览、门票价格、规则、开放时间、地址和停车详情等，目的是向读者介绍该博物馆，帮助他们决定是否前往参观。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The Caytn Children’s Museum is a nn-prfit rganizatin that activates the pwer f play t enrich the lives f children and their families, build strnger, mre cnnected cmmunities, and create a better wrld.(Caytn儿童博物馆是一个非营利性组织，它发挥玩耍的力量，丰富孩子们及其家庭的生活，打造更强大、更紧密相连的社区，并创造一个更美好的世界。)”以及第二段“The museum is hme t 5 separate exhibit wings that cver tpics frm imaginatin and creativity t learning abut careers and the wrld.(该博物馆拥有五个独立的展览区，涵盖的主题从想象力和创造力到对职业和世界的了解。)”可知，该博物馆通过玩耍的力量来丰富孩子及其家庭的生活，并且博物馆的展览涵盖了从想象力和创造力到对职业和世界的学习等主题，这体现了博物馆致力于发展孩子们的创造力。故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The museum is hme t 5 separate exhibit wings that cver tpics frm imaginatin and creativity t learning abut careers and the wrld.(该博物馆拥有五个独立的展览区，涵盖的主题从想象力和创造力到对职业和世界的了解。)”可知，该博物馆有5个独立的展览区，涵盖了从想象力和创造力到职业和世界认知等多个主题，这体现了其主题的多样性，是其特别之处。故选A。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段“Address: 395 Santa Mnica Pl.; Nearby bus stps are n 2nd Street and Bradway r 4th Street.(地址：圣莫尼卡广场395号；附近的公交站点位于第二大街和百老汇交汇处，或第四大街。)”可知，附近的公交站点在第二大街和百老汇或第四大街，所以可以在百老汇下车去参观博物馆。故选D。
B
I carried the flame (火焰) in 1984 in the trch relay (火炬传递) as it made its way acrss the cuntry t the Olympics in Ls Angeles. What a great hnur it was. I wasn’t sme successful Olympic athlete. I nly carried it thrugh a crner f Cnnecticut. My dad did sme vluntary wrk fr the Olympics that year, and he thught it was smething I wuld enjy.
Let me g back t that night in May,1984. The flame had just begun its rute acrss America, cvering 15,000 kilmetres. That first day it mved slwly frm New Yrk, each runner carrying it fr a kilmetre. Sme f the runners were legendary, like the granddaughter f gld medalist Jesse Owen. Others were cmmn peple like me and supprters f the cause.
I had been sent a unifrm and the fficial trch. I held it as I std waiting in the dusk fr the flame t arrive. Part f me wndered if it wuld even arrive. Wuld they ever find enugh runners t cver that enrmus distance? Other peple gathered tgether in the dark n the sidewalk. What wuld they see?
All at nce it happened. A runner appeared and lit my trch. I was sent n my way, jgging dwn the highway. If I had wrried abut finding my way in the dark, there was n questin nw. Peple lined the rad, clapping and shuting as I passed. Actually, it was nt fr me but fr the free expressin f athletic skill; the celebratin f talent and dedicatin.
All t sn it was ver. But nt really ver. I passed the flame n t the next runner, wh wuld pass it alng t the next and next until it finally reached gld medalist Rafer Jhnsn wh wuld carry it int the L. A. Cliseum.
Hw lucky I was t play a part! But I think we all have these pprtunities t carry the trch, fr we are all the light f the wrld. Therefre, why nt let yur light shine?
4. What d the underlined wrds “the cause” in Paragraph 2 refer t?
A. The Olympic Games.B. The vluntary wrk.
C. The successful athletes.D. The fierce cmpetitin.
5. Hw did the authr feel when waiting fr the flame t arrive?
A. Frightened.B. Cncerned.
C. Excited.D. Disappinted.
6. Why did the authr think the peple n the sidewalk shuted?
A. T cheer fr the Olympic spirits.B. T encurage him t mve n.
C. T shw their respect fr him.D. T praise the career he chse.
7. What can we infer abut the authr frm the text?
A. He applied fr the trch relay by himself.
B. He preferred t see thers carry the trch.
C. He felt prud f having such an experience.
D. He advised us t value every chance we have.
【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在1984年作为火炬手参与洛杉矶奥运会火炬传递的经历，作者虽然只是传递了康涅狄格州的一个角落，但深感荣幸，并意识到每个人都有机会传递“火炬”，成为世界之光，鼓励大家让自己的光芒闪耀。
【4题详解】
词句猜测题。根据文章第一段中的“I carried the flame (火焰) in 1984 in the trch relay (火炬传递) as it made its way acrss the cuntry t the Olympics in Ls Angeles.(1984年，我在火炬接力中携带火炬穿越全国前往洛杉矶奥运会。)”以及第二段中的“The flame had just begun its rute acrss America, cvering 15,000 kilmetres. That first day it mved slwly frm New Yrk, each runner carrying it fr a kilmetre. Sme f the runners were legendary, like the granddaughter f gld medalist Jesse Owen. Others were cmmn peple like me and supprters f the cause.(火焰刚刚开始穿越美国的旅程，行程15,000公里。第一天，它从纽约缓慢出发，每位火炬手跑一公里。有些火炬手是传奇人物，比如金牌得主杰西·欧文斯的孙女。其他人则像我这样的普通人，都是这项事业的支持者。)”可知，火炬传递是为了奥运会，而像作者这样的普通人也是这项“事业”（即奥运会）的支持者，所以“the cause”指的是“奥运会”。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段中的“I held it as I std waiting in the dusk fr the flame t arrive. Part f me wndered if it wuld even arrive. Wuld they ever find enugh runners t cver that enrmus distance? Other peple gathered tgether in the dark n the sidewalk. What wuld they see?(我手持火炬，站在黄昏中等待火焰的到来。我内心的一部分在想，它是否会到来。他们能找到足够的火炬手来跑完这么长的距离吗？其他人聚集在黑暗中的人行道上。他们会看到什么呢？)”可知，作者在等待火焰到来时内心有疑惑，担心火焰是否会到来，也担心是否能找到足够的火炬手，说明作者当时是担忧的、关心的。故选B项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Peple lined the rad, clapping and shuting as I passed. Actually, it was nt fr me but fr the free expressin f athletic skill; the celebratin f talent and dedicatin.(人们站在道路两旁，当我经过时鼓掌和欢呼。实际上，这不是为了我，而是为了自由表达运动技能；是为了庆祝天赋和奉献精神。)”可知，作者认为路边的人欢呼不是为了他个人，而是为了奥林匹克精神，即自由表达运动技能，庆祝天赋和奉献精神。由此可推知，作者认为路边的人欢呼是为了给奥林匹克精神加油。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Hw lucky I was t play a part! But I think we all have these pprtunities t carry the trch, fr we are all the light f the wrld. Therefre, why nt let yur light shine?(我能参与其中是多么幸运啊！但我认为我们都有机会传递火炬，因为我们都是世界之光。因此，为什么不让你自己的光芒闪耀呢？)”可知，作者认为能参与火炬传递很幸运，并鼓励大家像火炬手一样，让自己的光芒闪耀，由此可推知，作者为有这样的经历感到自豪。故选C项。
C
Different dietary habits and fd cnsumptin have their wn gegraphical (地理的) distributin, especially in China. The Chinese peple have develped many traditinal fds thrugh their lng histry and als led t a rich and diverse fd culture. Due t the gegraphical envirnment, there are sme dietary and cultural differences between Nrthern and Suthern China.
Because f the cld and the vastness f the plain, Nrtheast China grw many cld-resistant crps, which becme the base fr Nrtheastern cuisine. Di San Xian is the mst distinctive dish in Nrtheast China, which cnsists f ptates, eggplants and green peppers. Nrtheast Chinese dishes feature large quantity and fullness, which may cme frm the heric characteristics f the Nrtheast peple.
Lcated in the suthern part f China, Guangdng is a relatively warm and humid (潮湿的) regin. Due t the climate, the leading fd in Guangdng has been trpical crps such as rice since ancient times. The steamed rice ndle rll r Chang Fen, a traditinal Cantnese fd, has several characteristics brught by the gegraphical envirnment f Guangdng. In this dish, starch (淀粉), rice flur and water are mixed t frm a paste. Then the paste is spread acrss a multi-layered bx r clth t steam and enhanced with meat, fish r shrimp.
Sichuan is lcated in the middle f China. Its main gegraphical feature is the Sichuan Basin. The basin nature f Sichuan means that it is surrunded by high muntains with high temperatures and humidity. Since peppers were intrduced int China, Sichuan has been the capital f spicy fd in China because its unique gegraphical envirnment is very suitable fr the grwth f peppers. Peppers are ften used t ck Sichuan dishes, and chicken with chilies, r La Zi Ji, is a ppular ne. Chicken, salt, peppers and ther simple ingredients can ck a deliciusly spicy meal. The spicy flavr can als stimulate peple’s appetite.
8. What d we knw abut the crps used in Di San Xian frm paragraph 2?
A. They are very easy t ck.
B. They are native t Nrtheast China.
C. They are resistant t cld weather.
D. They are cheaper than ther vegetables.
9. Which aspect f Chang Fen des paragraph 3 fcus n?
A. Its true rigin.B. Its health benefits.
C. Its cking prcess.D. Its majr features.
10. What rle did the intrductin f peppers play in Sichuan?
A. It led t the ppularity f spicy dishes there.
B. It caused a decline in traditinal Sichuan cuisine.
C. It transfrmed Sichuan int a majr spice exprter.
D. It made Sichuan cuisine ppular in Nrthern China.
11. What is the text mainly abut?
A. Every cuntry has its wn unique fd.
B. Each place has its gegraphical features.
C. Peple have different cnsumptin habits.
D. Gegraphy can affect peple’s dietary habits.
【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国不同地区由于地理环境的差异，形成了不同的饮食习惯和饮食文化，通过举例东北、广东、四川等地的特色食物，说明了地理环境对饮食的影响。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Because f the cld and the vastness f the plain, Nrtheast China grw many cld-resistant crps, which becme the base fr Nrtheastern cuisine. Di San Xian is the mst distinctive dish in Nrtheast China, which cnsists f ptates, eggplants and green peppers.(由于寒冷的气候和平原的广袤，中国东北种植了许多耐寒作物，这些作物成为了东北菜的基础。地三鲜是中国东北最具特色的菜肴，由土豆、茄子和青椒组成)”可知，用于制作地三鲜的作物是耐寒的。故选C。
【9题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第三段“The steamed rice ndle rll r Chang Fen, a traditinal Cantnese fd, has several characteristics brught by the gegraphical envirnment f Guangdng. In this dish, starch (淀粉), rice flur and water are mixed t frm a paste. Then the paste is spread acrss a multi-layered bx r clth t steam and enhanced with meat, fish r shrimp.(肠粉，一种传统的广东食物，具有广东地理环境带来的几个特点。在这道菜中，淀粉、米粉和水混合形成面糊。然后将面糊铺在多层盒子或布上蒸制，并加入肉、鱼或虾来提升口感)”可知，该段重点描述了肠粉的制作过程。故选C。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Since peppers were intrduced int China, Sichuan has been the capital f spicy fd in China because its unique gegraphical envirnment is very suitable fr the grwth f peppers. Peppers are ften used t ck Sichuan dishes, and chicken with chilies, r La Zi Ji, is a ppular ne.(自从辣椒传入中国以来，四川一直是中国的辣味美食之都，因为其独特的地理环境非常适合辣椒的生长。辣椒经常被用于烹饪四川菜，辣子鸡就是一道很受欢迎的菜)”可知，辣椒的引入使得四川的辣味菜肴流行起来。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章开篇指出不同的饮食习惯和食物消费有各自的地理分布，尤其是在中国，由于地理环境的原因，中国南北存在饮食和文化差异，然后分别举例东北、广东、四川的特色食物及其与地理环境的关系。D 选项“Gegraphy can affect peple’s dietary habits.”（地理会影响人们的饮食习惯），符合文章主旨。故选D。
D
Sea turtles (海龟) live life n the mve. Adult sea turtles mve repeatedly between feeding and breeding (繁殖) areas. S the questin naturally arises: Hw d turtles guide their jurneys acrss vast water withut landmarks? Thirty years f wrk with turtles has prvided a framewrk fr understanding thse remarkable travels.
A sea turtle’s first migratin seems a simple task: swimming tward the pen cean and away frm land. Newly hatched sea turtles cannt see the directin f the pen cean. When entering the sea, they dive under the surface, use water mtin caused by waves t determine the directin, and then swim directly tward pen water.
Sea turtles can als keep a curse in ne directin using bilgical cmpasses based n the sun’s r the earth’s magnetic field (磁场). Fr yung turtles, hwever, a cmpass alne isn’t enugh t keep them safe. Frtunately, the earth’s magnetic field prvides turtles with a map. Several magnetic features are gegraphically different s that every place has its wn magnetic address, which allws sea turtles t sense their present magnetic addresses and set curse fr the magnetic addresses f their destinatins. Sea turtles are brn with the ability t recgnize specific magnetic addresses in the cean and t swim in directins that keep them safe. Fr example, Flrida turtles dn’t travel t far nrth int dangerus cld waters.
The amazing magnetic navigatin (导航) f turtles is f imprtance. Cnservatinists need t make sure that turtles can recgnize their birthplace and the feeding area in a natural magnetic envirnment. Animals prgrammed t migrate in the Atlantic Ocean are unlikely t navigate prperly in the Pacific and vice versa. If researchers keep such needs in mind, it seems likely that the same skills that guided turtles fr the last 120 millin years will keep them n track fr the next 120 millin years.
12. Why is the questin raised in the first paragraph?
A. T make a predictin.
B. T cme up with a slutin.
C. T intrduce the tpic f the text.
D. T describe sea turtles’ life cycle.
13. What d we knw abut newbrn sea turtles frm paragraph 2?
A. Their mtin changes hw waves are mving.
B. They can directly identify the cean’s directin.
C. Their jurney t the pen cean is quite simple.
D. They rely n sea waves t figure ut the directin.
14. What des the “map” mentined in paragraph 3 refer t?
A. Appraches t escaping frm enemies.
B. Ptential dangers f sea turtles’ jurneys.
C. Specific changes f sea turtles’ destinatins.
D. Signals ffered by each area’s magnetic features.
15. In which aspect des studying turtles’ magnetic navigatin play an imprtant rle?
A. Prtecting the species.
B. Recgnizing sea animals.
C. Cllecting mre turtles.
D. Imprving sea cnditins.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. D 15. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了海龟是如何在没有地标的情况下在广阔的水域中引导自己的旅程的。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“S the questin naturally arises: Hw d turtles guide their jurneys acrss vast water withut landmarks? Thirty years f wrk with turtles has prvided a framewrk fr understanding thse remarkable travels.(所以问题自然产生了：海龟是如何在没有地标的情况下在广阔的水域中引导自己的旅程的？三十年来对海龟的研究为理解这些非凡的旅行提供了一个框架)”可知，第一段提出问题：海龟是如何在没有地标的情况下在广阔的水域中引导自己的旅程的？下文主要是围绕该问题展开，故第一段提出问题是为了引入文章话题，故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Newly hatched sea turtles cannt see the directin f the pen cean. When entering the sea, they dive under the surface, use water mtin caused by waves t determine the directin, and then swim directly tward pen water.(刚孵出的海龟看不见大海的方向。入海时，它们潜入水面下，利用波浪引起的水运动来确定方向，然后直接向开阔的水域游去)”可知，刚孵出的海龟依靠海浪来确定方向，故选D。
【14题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Frtunately, the earth’s magnetic field prvides turtles with a map. Several magnetic features are gegraphically different s that every place has its wn magnetic address, which allws sea turtles t sense their present magnetic addresses and set curse fr the magnetic addresses f their destinatins. Sea turtles are brn with the ability t recgnize specific magnetic addresses in the cean and t swim in directins that keep them safe.(幸运的是，地球磁场为海龟提供了地图。一些磁场特征在地理上是不同的，所以每个地方都有自己的磁场地址，这使得海龟可以感知它们当前的磁场地址，并为它们的目的地设置磁场地址。海龟天生就有识别海洋中特定磁场地址的能力，并能游向安全的方向)”可知，每个地方都有不同的磁场地址，海龟天生就有识别海洋中特定磁场地址的能力，并能游向安全的方向，所以“地图”指的是“每个区域的磁场特征所提供的信号”，故选D。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Cnservatinists need t make sure that turtles can recgnize their birthplace and the feeding area in a natural magnetic envirnment. Animals prgrammed t migrate in the Atlantic Ocean are unlikely t navigate prperly in the Pacific and vice versa. If researchers keep such needs in mind, it seems likely that the same skills that guided turtles fr the last 120 millin years will keep them n track fr the next 120 millin years.(自然资源保护主义者需要确保海龟能够在自然磁场环境中识别自己的出生地和觅食区域。在大西洋迁徙的动物不太可能在太平洋正确地导航，反之亦然。如果研究人员牢记这些需求，那么在过去的1.2亿年里指引海龟的技能很可能会在未来的1.2亿年里让它们走上正轨)”可知，研究海龟的磁导航在未来保护海龟物种方面起着重要的作用，故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw nt t be bred when yu have t wait
I travel a lt. On the pen rad are always interesting peple and new places. ____16____ It is the cnstant waiting. When I travel, I wait t bard the plane, wait in restaurants, wait t check int htels, and wait n and n.
Fr years, I have tried t design my life in such a way t lwer hw much time I have t spend waiting: I ask fr the check as sn as the server brings me my lunch; I have all the subscriptins (订阅) that help t streamline ne’s passage thrugh the airprt; ____17____ N dubt my waiting time is a smaller part f what it used t be.
But recently, I have realized that my strategy helps just a little, just fr a while. Despite many imprvements, I’m nt any less trubled by the waiting I still have t endure. Anther waiting strategy mst peple have turned t f late is distractin by electrnic devices. Yu might think that this slutin must wrk. ____18____
The rt prblem with waiting fr smething we want is that it prduces tw cnditins that humans hate: bredm and lack f autnmy (独立自主). One way f understanding bredm is that it’s a state in which yu fail t find meaning. Standing in line, knwing that yu’re ding s t get r d smething but are being frced t spend the time unprductively, is what feels meaningless.
____19____ It means that yur behavir can’t change the situatin at hand. Think f the last time yu waited at an airprt fr a lng-delayed flight, and the annyance that came frm nt being able t d anything abut it except wait.
The best way t lwer the misery f waiting, then, turns ut t be nt t change the wrld but t change neself t live better in a wrld f waiting. ____20____ Mst f us g abut ur days feeling dissatisfied with the wrld, because it is failing in sme way t cnfrm (符合) t ur preferences and cnvenience. T d s is like caneing dwn a river and railing against the winding curse it takes. Why nt simply fllw thse bends as best we can?
A. In fact, it might nt wrk at all.
B. We want t be in cntrl f ur lives.
C. Waiting als lwers yur sense f autnmy.
D. But there is ne thing abut travel that annys me.
E. I chse htels that have self-service check-in facilities.
F. It leads us t think abut the rt prblem with waiting.
G. That insight can apply nt just t waiting but t life itself.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. C 20. G
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了旅行中令人厌烦的等待问题。作者尝试多种策略减少等待时间，分析等待带来厌烦和缺乏自主性的原因，最终指出改变自己是降低等待痛苦的最佳方式，且这种见解同样适用于生活。
【16题详解】
根据上文“I travel a lt. On the pen rad are always interesting peple and new places. (我经常旅行。在路上总是有有趣的人和新的地方。)”以及下文“It is the cnstant waiting. When I travel, I wait t bard the plane, wait in restaurants, wait t check int htels, and wait n and n. (就是持续不断的等待。当我旅行时，我等待登机，在餐馆等待，等待入住酒店，等等。)”可知，这里需要一个句子来引出旅行中让人烦恼的等待这一话题。D选项“But there is ne thing abut travel that annys me. (但是关于旅行有一件事让我烦恼。)”，承上启下。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Fr years, I have tried t design my life in such a way t lwer hw much time I have t spend waiting: I ask fr the check as sn as the server brings me my lunch; I have all the subscriptins (订阅) that help t streamline ne’s passage thrugh the airprt; (多年来，我一直试图以一种方式来规划我的生活，以减少我必须花费在等待上的时间：服务员一给我上午餐我就要求结账；我订阅了所有有助于简化通过机场流程的服务；)”可知，这里是在举例说明作者为减少等待时间所做的事情。E选项“I chse htels that have self-service check-in facilities. (我选择有自助入住设施的酒店。)”，也是减少等待时间的具体做法，与上文并列。故选E项。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Anther waiting strategy mst peple have turned t f late is distractin by electrnic devices. Yu might think that this slutin must wrk. (最近大多数人采用的另一种等待策略是通过电子设备来分散注意力。你可能认为这个解决方案一定有效。)”可知，这里提到了人们认为通过电子设备分散注意力的等待策略有效，而下文应该是对这种观点的反驳。A选项“In fact, it might nt wrk at all. (事实上，它可能根本不起作用。)”与上文形成转折，符合语境。故选A项。
【19题详解】
根据下文“It means that yur behavir can’t change the situatin at hand. Think f the last time yu waited at an airprt fr a lng-delayed flight, and the annyance that came frm nt being able t d anything abut it except wait. (这意味着你的行为无法改变眼前的情况。想想你上次在机场等待长时间延误的航班时，那种除了等待什么也做不了的烦恼。)”可知，这里在说等待会让人感觉缺乏自主性。C选项“Waiting als lwers yur sense f autnmy. (等待也会降低你的自主感。)”，能够概括本段主旨。故选C项。
【20题详解】
根据上文“The best way t lwer the misery f waiting, then, turns ut t be nt t change the wrld but t change neself t live better in a wrld f waiting. (那么，减轻等待痛苦的最好方法，结果不是改变世界，而是改变自己，以便在一个充满等待的世界里生活得更好。)”以及下文“Mst f us g abut ur days feeling dissatisfied with the wrld, because it is failing in sme way t cnfrm (符合) t ur preferences and cnvenience. T d s is like caneing dwn a river and railing against the winding curse it takes. Why nt simply fllw thse bends as best we can? (我们大多数人每天都对这个世界感到不满，因为它在某些方面不符合我们的喜好和便利。这样做就像在河上划独木舟，却抱怨它蜿蜒的路线。为什么不尽我们所能顺着那些弯道走呢？)”可知，这里在说这种改变自己适应等待的见解不仅适用于等待，也适用于生活。G选项“That insight can apply nt just t waiting but t life itself. (这种见解不仅适用于等待，也适用于生活本身。)”，承上启下。故选G项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
James Gailey had already retired (退休). At 80 years ld, he was enjying time in the Nrth Texas cmmunity f Callisburg. Althugh Gailey had n intentin f ____21____ t the wrkfrce, he had n ____22____ when his mnthly rent was raised by $400. Since he culdn’t ____23____ that cst, he started wrking as a schl janitr (看门人).
Three students ____24____ t d smething abut the ____25____. Greysn Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusk created a GFundMe page and shared Gailey’ s ____26____ n the Internet. “N 80-year-ld shuld have t ____27____ because they have t,” said Tidwell. “It shuld be ut f their wn will. It upset us that Gailey had t wrk t keep his ____28____.”
When the students started the activity, their ____29____ was t get Gailey sme extra ____30____ t help with his rent issues. Nine days later, they raised $270,000 “It’s amazing,” said Jasn Hper, the principal f Callisburg High Schl. “The need was ____31____ because f three kind kids.”
Many f the ____32____ n the GFundMe page were frm students and staff at Callisburg High Schl. Gailey had nly wrked fr a mnth befre the students ____33____ t help him return t retirement. Accrding t Hper, n timetable was set fr Gailey t ____34____ the schl.
“It is ____35____ t see smething like that. We knew peple wuld want t help,” said Yusk. “But we didn’t knw it wuld blw up.”
21. A. adaptingB. returningC. turningD. cntributing
22. A. chiceB. excuseC. prblemD. view
23. A. questinB. shareC. cutD. affrd
24. A. pretendedB. fearedC. decidedD. remembered
25. A. interviewB. situatinC. surveyD. cmpetitin
26. A. dubtB. advantageC. chanceD. difficulty
27. A. wrkB. frgiveC. explainD. help
28. A. jbB. strengthC. huseD. wrd
29. A. adviceB. galC. apprachD. challenge
30. A. curageB. spaceC. timeD. mney
31. A. acceptedB. stressedC. avidedD. met
32. A. dnatinsB. updatesC. cmmentsD. stries
33. A. went nB. stepped inC. slwed dwnD. gave up
34. A. leaveB. finishC. supprtD. visit
35. A. freeB. crazyC. embarrassingD. cncerning
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了三个学生为帮助退休老人支付房租而发起募捐活动。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管盖利没有重返职场的打算，但当他的月租金上涨了400美元时，他别无选择。A. adapting适应；B. returning返回；C. turning转动；D. cntributing贡献。根据上文“James Gailey had already retired (退休). At 80 years ld, he was enjying time in the Nrth Texas cmmunity f Callisburg. Althugh Gailey had n intentin f”可知，盖利已经退休，所以这里是没有“返回”职场的打算。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管盖利没有重返职场的打算，但当他的月租金上涨了400美元时，他别无选择。A. chice选择；B. excuse借口；C. prblem问题；D. view观点。根据下文“when his mnthly rent was raised by $400. Since he culdn’t that cst, he started wrking as a schl janitr (看门人).”可知，他因为付不起上涨的房租而选择去当看门人，说明他别无选择，have n chice意为“别无选择”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他付不起这笔费用，他开始在学校当看门人。A. questin提问；B. share分享；C. cut削减；D. affrd负担得起。根据下文“he started wrking as a schl janitr (看门人).”可知，他开始当看门人，说明他付不起上涨的房租，affrd意为“负担得起”，符合语境。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：三名学生决定对这种情况采取一些措施。A. pretended假装；B. feared害怕；C. decided决定；D. remembered记得。根据下文“Greysn Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusk created a GFundMe page and shared Gailey’ s n the Internet.”可知，三名学生创建了一个GFundMe页面，并在网上分享了盖利的困难，说明他们决定采取一些措施来帮助盖利，decide t d sth.意为“决定做某事”，符合语境。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：三名学生决定对这种情况采取一些措施。A. interview采访；B. situatin情况；C. survey调查；D. cmpetitin竞争。根据上文“Since he culdn’t that cst, he started wrking as a schl janitr (看门人).”和下文“Greysn Thurman, Banner Tidwell, and Marti Yusk created a GFundMe page and shared Gailey’ s n the Internet.”可知，这里指的是盖利因为房租上涨不得不重新工作的这种 “情况”。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：格雷森·瑟曼、班纳·蒂德韦尔和马蒂·尤斯科创建了一个GFundMe页面，并在网上分享了盖利的困难。A. dubt怀疑；B. advantage优势；C. chance机会；D. difficulty困难。根据上文“Since he culdn’t that cst, he started wrking as a schl janitr (看门人).”可知，盖利因为房租问题不得不重新工作，这是他面临的“困难”，学生们在网上分享的就是他的这个困难。故选D。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“任何80岁的老人都不应该因为生活所迫而不得不工作，”蒂德韦尔说。A. wrk工作；B. frgive原谅；C. explain解释；D. help帮助。根据上文“N 80-year-ld shuld have t”和下文“because they have t”可知，这里说的是80岁的老人不应该因为生活所迫而“工作”。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：盖利为了保住自己的房子而不得不工作，这让我们很沮丧。A. jb工作；B. strength力量；C. huse房子；D. wrd话语。根据上文“Since he culdn’t that cst, he started wrking as a schl janitr (看门人).”可知，由于他付不起房租，他开始在学校当看门人，说明他为了保住房子而不得不工作，符合语境。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当学生们开始这项活动时，他们的目标是筹集一些额外的钱来帮助盖利解决房租问题。A. advice建议；B. gal目标；C. apprach方法；D. challenge挑战。根据下文“t get Gailey sme extra t help with his rent issues.”可知，筹集一些额外的钱来帮助盖利解决房租问题是学生们开始这项活动的目标。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当学生们开始这项活动时，他们的目标是筹集一些额外的钱来帮助盖利解决房租问题。A. curage勇气；B. space空间；C. time时间；D. mney钱。根据下文“Nine days later, they raised $270,000”可知，九天后，他们筹集了27万美元，说明他们的目标是筹集一些额外的钱来帮助盖利解决房租问题。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“由于三个善良的孩子，需求得到了满足，”卡利斯堡高中校长杰森·胡珀说。A. accepted接受；B. stressed强调；C. avided避免；D. met满足。根据上文“Nine days later, they raised $270,000”可知，学生们筹到了钱，满足了盖利的需求，符合语境。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：GFundMe页面上的许多捐款都来自卡利斯堡高中的学生和工作人员。A. dnatins捐款；B. updates更新；C. cmments评论；D. stries故事。根据上文“Nine days later, they raised $270,000”和下文“n the GFundMe page were frm students and staff at Callisburg High Schl”可知，GFundMe页面是用来众筹的，所以页面上的很多是“捐款”。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：盖利只工作了一个月，学生们就介入帮助他重返退休生活。A. went n继续；B. stepped in介入；C. slwed dwn减速；D. gave up放弃。根据上文“When the students started the activity, their was t get Gailey sme extra t help with his rent issues.”和下文“t help him return t retirement.”可知，学生们介入帮助他重返退休生活。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：据胡珀说，学校没有为盖利设定离开的时间表。A. leave离开；B. finish完成；C. supprt支持；D. visit参观。根据上文“help him return t retirement.”可知，学生们介入帮助他重返退休生活，说明学校没有为盖利设定离开的时间表。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看到这样的事情太不可思议了。A. free自由的；B. crazy疯狂的，不可思议的；C. embarrassing令人尴尬的；D. cncerning令人担忧的。根据下文“But we didn’t knw it wuld blw up”可知，事情的发展超出了学生们的预期，所以尤斯科觉得看到这样的事情是“不可思议的”。故选B。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When cnsidering all the temples acrss the cuntry, in terms f the ____36____ (unique) f its achievement, n temple can cmpare t Hengshan Hanging Temple. This is due t the fact that this temple, als cmmnly ____37____ (refer) t as Xuankng Temple, is astnishingly cnstructed n the side f a cliff (悬崖) 50 meters abve the grund.
This ancient wden structure is ____38____ ppular sight fr Chinese and freign travelers due t its unique cliff-side psitin, ____39____ wn it a place in Time Magazine’s 2010 list f the tp 10mst dangerus buildings. Even if yu are afraid f heights, this is ne experience that yu shuld nt miss.
It is a bit f a climb ____40____ (apprach) the temple, but it’s wrth hiking t see the beautiful Chinese architecture and different designs within the ____41____ (temple) many rms. A netwrk f steps and passageways alng the cliff leads frm ne prayer hall t anther, including Changxian Bridge, a walkway ____42____ (hang) at an alarming height that is jined ____43____ the nrthern and suthern parts f the temple.
Hengshan Hanging Temple is knwn fr its architecturaly fearless building. In rder t prtect the temple, the number f visitrs ____44____ (limit) t 80 in the temple at a time. Therefre, it is ____45____ (high) recmmended t visit the temple early in the mrning.
【答案】36. uniqueness 37. referred 38. a 39. which 40. t apprach 41. temple’ s 42. hanging 43. t 44. is limited 45. highly
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了恒山悬空寺的独特之处，包括其地理位置、建筑特点、参观体验以及参观建议等信息，旨在向读者提供关于这座寺庙的详细说明和介绍。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：当我们考量全国的所有寺庙时，就其建筑成就的独特性而言，没有哪座寺庙能与恒山悬空寺相媲美。空处为名词形式担当宾语，意为“独特性”。故填uniqueness。
【37题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为这座寺庙，通常也被称为悬空寺，令人惊叹地建造在距离地面 50 米高的悬崖峭壁之上。空处为非谓语动词形式担当定语；修饰this temple，和this temple之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填referred。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这座古老的木质建筑因其独特的悬崖边地理位置，成为了深受中外游客喜爱的景点，它还入选了《时代》杂志2010年评选的全球十大最危险建筑榜单。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这座古老的木质建筑因其独特的悬崖边地理位置，成为了深受中外游客喜爱的景点，它还入选了《时代》杂志2010年评选的全球十大最危险建筑榜单。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“its unique cliff-side psitin”，关系词在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：要到达这座寺庙需要攀登一段路程，但徒步前往去观赏这座美丽的中式建筑以及寺庙众多房间内的不同设计是非常值得的。空处为非谓语动词形式担当主语，用代词“it”担当形式主语，真正的主语置于句尾，用动词不定式形式。故填t apprach。
【41题详解】
考查名词所有格。句意：要到达这座寺庙需要攀登一段路程，但徒步前往去观赏这座美丽的中式建筑以及寺庙众多房间内的不同设计是非常值得的。根据句意可知，空处为名词的所有格形式，意为“寺庙的”，修饰名词rms。故填temple’s。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：沿着悬崖的一系列台阶和通道将一个佛堂与另一个佛堂连接起来，其中包括长仙桥，这是一条悬挂在令人胆战心惊的高度上的步道，连接着寺庙的南北两部分。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“a walkway”和动词“hang”之间为主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填hanging。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：沿着悬崖的一系列台阶和通道将一个佛堂与另一个佛堂连接起来，其中包括长仙桥，这是一条悬挂在令人胆战心惊的高度上的步道，连接着寺庙的南北两部分。空处为介词形式，构成短语：be jined t，意为“连接着……”，符合句意。故填t。
【44题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：为了保护这座寺庙，每次进入寺庙的游客人数限制在80人以内。空处为本句谓语动词；根据上下文可知，本句是一般现在时；主语为“the number”，单数，和动词“limit”之间为被动关系。故填is limited。
【45题详解】
考查副词。句意：因此，强烈建议大家一大早去参观这座寺庙。修饰动词“recmmend”用副词形式，意为“强烈地、高度地”，用副词“highly”。故填highly。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的外国好友Alice对中国的京剧非常感兴趣，她发来邮件向你询问京剧的相关信息。请你给她回复一封邮件，内容包括：
1.介绍京剧的历史及其魅力之处；
2.推荐现场观看。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
Dear Alice,
Learning yur deep interest in Peking Opera, I’d like t intrduce it t yu.
With a rich histry f ver 200 years, Peking Opera plays an imprtant part in Chinese culture. It is a harmnius blend f music, dance, singing and acrbatics. What impresses the audience mst may be the beautiful vices and wnderful bdy mvements f the perfrmers. In a wrd, it enjys great ppularity amng Chinese peple due t its graceful beauty.
I strngly advise yu t experience a live perfrmance t truly appreciate the beauty f this art.
Yurs sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My jb in the hspital was t prvide cmfrt t thse nearing the end f their lives. The peple I cared fr became like family t me. One wman, Mrs. Wiggins, in particular, became a dear friend. Her children rarely visited, especially tward the end. At first, she seldm spke, just lying still. But ver time, we became clse as I learned mre abut her.
She had three children, and her husband had passed away many years earlier. Her children were t busy t visit her, leaving her feeling very lnely. I tried t make her feel lved, as if the hspital were her hme. She shared stries frm her past until my shift (轮班) ended, ften repeating them during my next shift.
One night, I tk an early shift and went t sit beside her. She whispered that her time was near. I left t call her children s they culd cme quickly. When I returned t her rm, she was sleeping. I leaned clse t her and asked if she had dreamed f anything. She smiled gently and said she had dreamt f raspberries (覆盆子) and cream.
I must have lked surprised at such a strange answer. Mrs. Wiggins sftly laughed and said she wuld explain. “When I was a little girl, my aunt wuld take me ut fr lunch and let me rder anything I wanted. Fr dessert, we’d share a bwl f raspberries and cream. I lved the special taste—it was s smth, rich, and pure. Hwever, as I grew lder and had my wn children, I had t spend all my savings t supprt them. I culdn’t affrd t spend mney n smething like raspberries and cream.”
She cntinued, “I just didn’t think I deserved it. But prmise me yu’ll fill yur life with raspberries and cream!” Tears streamed dwn my face as I smiled and held her hand tightly. Then I gently kissed her n the cheek, my vice trembling as I begged her t hld n.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Iran as fast as I culd t the nearest crner stre and bught sme raspberries and cream.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Her children came the next day t discuss the final arrangements.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【参考范文】
I ran as fast as I culd t the nearest crner stre and bught sme raspberries and cream. When I returned t her rm, she watched me with a smile as I prepared tw bwls f raspberries and cream. We enjyed the treat tgether until there was nthing left. And then I kissed her hand and held it tightly. On her face was a glw that shwed n pain r fear. It was a bittersweet mment, fr she knew that this simple pleasure had been denied t her fr s lng.
Her children came the next day t discuss the final arrangements. As they sat by her bedside, tears streamed dwn their faces. I shared the stry f the raspberries and cream, revealing hw much their mther had lnged fr that little delight. They listened clsely, their faces shwing a mix f regret and gratitude. A few days later, she passed away peacefully in her sleep. Just as Mrs. Wiggins wished, I prmised t enjy “raspberries and cream” in my life, cherishing every mment and making the mst f my time with lved nes