北京市第八中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版）

这是一份北京市第八中学2024-2025学年高二下学期期中英语试题（原卷版+解析版），共35页。试卷主要包含了 A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(本卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟)
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，20分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful ___1___ with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man apprached me n the train. My ___2___ friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the chance t practice my Chinese.
Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had attended a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb ___3___ highways in rder t help supprt his family. Perhaps the mst ___4___. hwever, was the fact. that this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr. Withut batting an eye, he wuld ___5___ a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American writers as a whle. “And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?” I ___6___ him asking at ne pint.
It wuld have been easy t ___7___ my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme. But this highly infrmed, ___8___, and admirable persn prevented me ding s. In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he shwed me just hw much ne can gain frm ___9___ with an pen mind, and a willingness t _____10_____ with lcals frm all walks f life.
1. A. experimentB. encunterC. cmpetitinD. appintment
2. A. trueB. s-calledC. newD. lng-lst
3. A. buildingB. sweepingC. checkingD. guarding
4. A. typicalB. bviusC. naturalD. remarkable
5. A. publishB. quteC. cpyD. dwnlad
6. A. anticipateB. imagineC. recallD. catch
7. A. lk intB. rely nC. g verD. deal with
8. A. well-behavedB. multi-skilledC. warm-heartedD. self-educated
9. A. travelingB. readingC. searchingD. teaching
10. A. cperateB. sideC. negtiateD. engage
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
A
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Seven years ag, Steve lst his belved dg Wlfgang. In memry f it, he began t adpt dgs wh had been in their last few years. He ____11____(chse) t rescue these senir dgs because they therwise wuldn't have had a hme. When____12____(ask) hw he culd bear t adpt senir dg, Steve answered, “These abandned animals need lve, and they als have a lt f lve t give, _____13_____is just ne f the things these dgs wish yu knew.”
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A cuple was walking n a path in the muntain when it cracked belw their feet, ____14____ (leave) them stuck at the tp f what remained. The man sat at the tp f the steep slpe (陡坡) and his wife ____15____ (lie) n the rcky grund belw, hlding nt his leg t keep herself ____16____ falling dwn. By the time rescuers arrived n the scene, she ____17____ (hld) nt her husband fr 45 minutes.
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fr many years, researchers ____18____ (try) t find ut the magic f reading. Accrding t an article in Scientific American, researchers have fund evidence that literary fictin imprves a reader’s ability t understand ____19____ thers are thinking abut. And the article further argues that literary fictin can teach us values abut scial behavir, such as the imprtance f understanding thse wh are different frm urselves. The results f this study suggest peple wh lve reading can ____20____ (well) put themselves in smene else’s shes.
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Belw are three sprts dcumentaries that make perfect viewing fr fans f sprting drama.
N 1. Frmula 1: Drive t survive
The wrld’s httest sprt was barely n the radar f mst Americans — and then Drive t Survive arrived. Since its first release, the series has been credited fr the surprising rise in ppularity f the Eurpean racing assciatin, Frmula 1.
Over six seasns, it has taken fans inside every team and shwn the lives and preparatin f the wners, managers, and drivers, including superstars Lewis Hamiltn, whse headline-making race fr the 2021 title was at the center f Seasn 4. The series’ success has als inspired similar shws fr ther sprts lking t grab a bigger share f the glbal market.
N 2. Race t the Summit
This climbing dcumentary recrds the race between tw great climbers t secure the fastest time t cnquer the Alps’ great nrth faces. As with all climbing dcumentaries, nn-climbers will struggle t understand what drives a persn t risk his life like this, but the film’s stunning scenery and the athletes’ dedicatin t their sprt needs n explanatin. Viewers with fears f heights may want t steer clear, hwever: these shts are guaranteed t raise yur heart rate and take yur breath away.
N 3 Slaying The Badger
The 1986 Tur de France had a battle at its heart, ne between the tw fastest riders in the game. As defending champin, Bernard ‘The Badger’ was the hme her, a serius Frenchman wh was n stranger t challenges. The cmpetitr was his ppsite in persnality: the sunny American rider LeMnd, whse penness culdn’t cnceal a strng determinatin t becme the first nn-Eurpean t win the race. The nly truble was that the pair were members f the same team. This dcumentary is a fascinating study f the tw impulses f prfessinal rad cycling — individual glry versus team duty. And LeMnd, wh had played the rle f dutiful assistant the previus year, believed it was his turn t try the winner’s yellw jersey fr size.
21. What can we learn abut the dcumentary Frmula 1: Drive t survive?
A. It imprves Frmula 1’s glbal viewership, particularly in Eurpe.
B. It ffers fans chances t g behind the scenes f Frmula 1 racing.
C. It leads t the rise f Lewis Hamiltn as a wrld-famus sprts star.
D. It helps ther similar sprts enjy a larger slice f the glbal market.
22. Which f the fllwing infrmatin abut Race t the Summit might be CORRECT?
A. The film is intended fr nn-climbers wh want t learn abut climbing.
B. The race between the climbers vershadws the scenic beauty f the Alps.
C. The film features splendid muntain views and thrilling scenes f climbing.
D. The film details the reasns behind climbers’ pursuit f extreme climbing.
23. What majr theme des Slaying The Badger explre?
A. The success stry f a yung cyclist defeating the defending champin.
B. The dminance f Eurpeans in rad cycling and the challenges they face.
C. The challenge f balancing persnal attainments with cllective respnsibilities.
D. The fierce battle between tp riders f different persnalities frm different teams.
B
Nt lng ag I jined in a frum n the rle f the American press. The purpse f the frum, as I understd it, was t examine the respnsibilities f the media and t suggest the best ways t meet thse respnsibilities.
During the pen-discussin perid, a gentleman addressed a questin t a distinguished anchrman. Why, he asked, are the newspapers and televisin news prgrams s disaster-prne? The anchrman reacted as if he had been blamed fr the existence f bad news. Newsmen, he said, are nly respnsible fr reprting the news, nt fr creating r mdifying it.
It didn’t seem t me that he had answered the questin. The gentleman was just wndering why distrtins are mst reprted. The news media seem t perate n the philsphy that all news is bad news. Why? Culd it be that the emphasis n dwnside news is largely the result f traditin — the way newsmen and newswmen are accustmed t respnding t daily events?
Perhaps it wuld be useful here t examine the way we define the wrd news fr this is where the prblem begins. News is suppsed t deal with happenings f the past 12 hurs — 24 hurs at mst. Anything that happens s suddenly, hwever, is likely t be eruptive: a sniper kills a presidential candidate; a plane crashed int a muntain…
Fcusing nly n these details, hwever, prduces a misshapen picture. Civilizatin is a lt mre than the sum ttal f its disasters. The mst imprtant ingredient in any civilizatin is prgress. But prgress is nt eruptive. Generally, it cmes in bits and pieces, very little f it clearly visible at any given mment, but all f it invlved in the making f histrical change fr the better.
It is this aspect f living histry that mst news reprting reflects inadequately. The result is that we are under-infrmed abut psitive develpments and ver-infrmed abut disasters. This in turn, leads t a public md f defeatism, which in themselves tend t prevent prgress. A persistent diet f eruptive news drains the essential human energies a free sciety needs.
I am nt suggesting “psitive” news be designed as a cuntermeasure t the disasters n page ne. What I am trying t get acrss is the ntin that the respnsibility f the news media is t search ut and reprt n imprtant events whether r nt they cme under the heading f cnflicts r disasters. The wrld is a splendid cmbinatin f heaven and hell and bth call fr attentin and examinatin.
The anchrman was right in saying newsmen were nt respnsible fr shaping the wrld, but they are respnsible fr affecting ur attitude. News peple prvide us with the nly picture f urselves and the wrld. It had better be a true prtrait-and nt a caricature (漫画)— fr it’s this picture n which we will base ur decisins and arund which we will plan ur future.
24. The authr learned frm the frum that ______.
A. the public tended t blame newsmen fr reprting nly bad news
B. there were cncerns abut the media’s t much fcus n bad news
C. the American press failed t deliver n its prmise t refrm the media
D. the public expected factual and unmdified news reprts frm newsmen
25. What des the authr suggest is the primary reasn fr the dminance f negative news cverage?
A. The news media wrks n the principle that all news is bad news.
B. News reprters are prfessinally trained t reprt daily disasters.
C. News traditinally refers t events that ccur suddenly within a day.
D. Reprting nly tragic events may blind the public t scial prgress.
26. Which f the fllwing statements might the authr agree with?
A. News reprters shuld give their attentin t a wider range f imprtant issues.
B. The cnflicts and disasters cause public despair and rb sciety f human energy.
C. Newsmen are duty-bund t create mre psitive news t fight against disasters.
D. Newsmen can strive t find a balanced prtrayal f events t shape the wrld.
27. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Why is all news bad news?B. Where is the news leading us?
C. Why is it time t create mre psitive news?D. Hw can the news media thrive against all dds?
C
In the cutthrat wrld f artificial intelligence, lng dminated by Silicn Valley, DeepSeek has emerged as an impressive new player. Since its debut in late 2023, this Chinese AI has stirred glbal attentin, representing mre than just anther technlgical innvatin. It’s a cmplex phenmenn that reflects the shifting landscape f innvatin, pwer and cultural influence in the AI-driven era.
Develped by QuantumThink Labs in Shenzhen, DeepSeek was created by a team f ex-Ggle Brain engineers and Peking University experts. DeepSeek is nt yur average chatbt. Trained n an astnishing 20 trillin tkens, this multimdal mdel shwcases linguistic prficiency, cde generatin capabilities and reasning skills that rival r surpass its Western cunterparts. What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency, delivering GPT-4-level perfrmance with 30 percent less cmputatinal pwer.
In a strategic mve, QuantumThink made a “lite” versin f DeepSeek pen surce, a decisin that has sparked widespread adptin acrss the glbe. Develpers frm cities like Lags t Jakarta have quickly embraced it t create petry generatrs and AI-pwered farm management tls fr rural India.
Hwever, DeepSeek’s grwing influence is nt withut challenges. There are cncerns that US gvernment may blck American firms frm using DeepSeek, mentining data security cncerns. Tariff (关税) war culd als be n the cards. Yet, such mves might backfire, ptentially harming US startups that benefit frm DeepSeek’s cst advantages.
The future f AI, with DeepSeek at the center, remains a mystery. Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China, r will its pen-surce rts fster glbal cllabratin? DeepSeek’s stry is nt just abut technlgy; it’s abut the pwer f innvatin and agency.
Fr t lng, the AI narrative has been dminated by Western pwers. Nw, a Chinese lab has shwn that innvatin is nt exclusive t the West. Whether we enter an AI arms race r begin a new era f glbal cperatin depends n hw we chse t use and share this technlgy. As a Brazilian cder said, the future f AI must speak the language f bth the develped and develping wrld t truly succeed.
28. What des the secnd paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The creatin f DeepSeek.B. The definitin f DeepSeek.
C. The strengths f DeepSeek.D. The efficiency f DeepSeek.
29. What might be a challenge DeepSeek faces?
A. Invlvement in tariff war.B. The pssibility f data leaking.
C. A decline in its cmpetitiveness.D. A ban n its use frm US gvernment.
30. Which f the fllwing best describes the future f AI?
A. Uncertain.B. Secure.C. Prmising.D. Depressing.
31. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. AI shuld priritize Western languages.
B. We will enter a new era f glbal AI cperatin.
C. Cnsidering glbal needs is required t ensure AI’s success.
D. Develping cuntries will eventually dminate AI innvatin.
D
The recent trust crisis has led many scientists t take up arms t defend their enterprise, but in their attempt t fight back against varius frms f science denial, sme scientists say things that just aren’t true - and yu can’t build trust if the things yu are saying are nt trustwrthy.
One ppular mve is t insist that science is right - full stp - and that nce we discver the truth abut the wrld, we are dne. Anyne wh denies such truths is ignrant. Or, as Nbel Prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg said, “Even thugh a scientific thery is in a sense a scial cnsensus (共识), it is unlike any ther srt f cnsensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” Well, n. Science is a prcess f learning and discvery, and smetimes we learn that what we thught was right is wrng. Even a mdest familiarity with the histry f science ffers many examples f matters that scientists thught they had reslved, nly t discver that they needed t be recnsidered.
Anther ppular mve is t say scientific findings are true because scientists use “the scientific methd”. But we can never actually agree n what that methd is. Sme will say it is empiricism: bservatin and descriptin f the wrld. Others will say it is the experimental methd: the use f experiment t test hyptheses (假设). Recently sme prminent scientists claimed the scientific methd was t avid fling neself int thinking smething is true that is nt, and vice versa.
Each f these cmmnly-held views has its merits, but if the claim is that any ne f these is the scientific methd, then they all fail. Histry and philsphy have shwn that the idea f a singular scientific methd is, well, unscientific. In fact, the methds f science have varied between disciplines and acrss time. Many scientific practices, particularly statistical tests f significance, have been develped with the idea f aviding wishful thinking and self-deceptin, but that hardly cnstitutes “the scientific methd”. Scientists have bitterly argued abut which methds are the best, and, as we all knw, bitter arguments rarely get reslved.
In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is t claim that this is all smehw simple and therefre t imply that anyne wh desn’t get it is dumb. Science is nt simple, and neither is the natural wrld; therein lies the challenge f science cmmunicatin. What we d is bth hard and, ften, hard t explain. Our effrts t understand and prtray the natural wrld are just that: effrts. Because we’re human, we ften fall flat. The gd news is that when that happens, we pick urselves up, brush urselves ff, and get back t wrk. Understanding the beautiful, cmplex wrld we live in, and using that knwledge t d useful things, is bth its wn reward and why taxpayers shuld be happy t fund research.
Scientific theries are nt perfect cpies f reality, but we have gd reasn t believe that they capture significant elements f it. And experience reminds us that when we ignre reality, it sner r later cmes back t bite us.
32. The qute frm Steven Weinberg is intended t ______.
A. illustrate that scientific theries are free frm cultural influences
B. stress what was believed t be true may turn ut t be false theries
C. shw even great scientists may be unfamiliar with the histry f science
D. serve as an example f the belief that science prduces permanent truths
33. What can be learned frm all the ppular pinins n “the scientific methd” mentined in the passage?
A. One way t make scientific discvery is ding experiments t bserve and describe the wrld.
B. Sme hld the scientific methd fcuses n prving hyptheses crrect thrugh experiments.
C. Sme suggest emplying the scientific methd t avid self-deceptin in scientific inquiry.
D. The scientific methd has evlved ver time and varied acrss scientific disciplines.
34. The underlined phrase “fall flat” in Paragraph 5 is clsest in meaning t ______.
A. fail t achieve a galB. lie n ne’s back
C. fall behind the timesD. rise t challenges
35. Which f the fllwing statements des the authr prbably agree with?
A. It’s pintless t agree n a single scientific methd as science is right in itself.
B. Science can’t supply abslute truths abut the real wrld, but it brings us clser.
C. Reflectin n the histry f science may help scientists restre public trust in science.
D. Making scientific theries easily understandable is the biggest challenge fr scientists.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is heritage? The wrd can be difficult t define. Heritage is always smething that is passed dwn by families r ther grups fr many years.____36____ It can als be the custms, traditins, and values shared by grups f peple. One way t think abut heritage is t break it dwn int three grups. These are the tangible(有形的), the natural, and the intangible.
____37____ It can include many human-made bjects that hld cultural value. Sme examples are natinal mnuments and wrks f art. Many ancient sites are als part f this grup. On a smaller scale, a family hme can be part f an individual’s heritage.
Many parts f the natural wrld are als imprtant t cultural heritage. This can include bdies f water, plant life, landfrms and mre. One example is the Nile River.____38____ Effrts t prtect natural heritage are key in many cultures.
The intangible grup includes any part f cultural heritage that yu can’t feel thrugh tuch. Maybe yu’ve read abut frms f dance like Flamenc dancing. Yu might knw abut the music f Mariachi Bands r hlidays like Eid. These are all examples f intangible heritage. ____39____
Explring yur wn heritage can be fun. It can help yu learn abut yurself, yur family, and yur ancestrs. But it’s als imprtant t learn abut the heritage f thers. ____40____ It can als lead yu t find things yu may have in cmmn with thers!
A. They are treasures that can be tuched.
B. What tangible items can be part f heritage?
C. Hwever, heritage isn’t limited t cncrete bjects.
D. Languages, hlidays and custms als make the list.
E. Therefre, it’s difficult t prtect them frm fading away.
F. Ding s can help yu build a strnger understanding f ther cultures.
G. It has been part f cultural heritage in many African natins fr centuries.
第三部分：单词填空(本大题共20小题，共20.0分)
第一节：根据语境选出适当的单词，用正确的形式填空。
选词填空
41. He tends t explre mre with the __________ f interest in science.
42. Thse wh are lacking cnfidence have a _____________ t give up in the face f frustratins.
43. With these severe restrictins t her cmmunicatin, Helen’s behavir was ften ______________.
44. This yung man devted himself t helping thse ________ t the disaster.
45. Peple like Bacn and Galilei knew that knwledge and understanding are things t fight fr; mre vital t a man and mre ____________ t mankind, sme might say, than all the mney in the wrld.
46. This prfessr has made such great breakthrughs that he ___________ as a pineer in the field.
47. Readers f the bk use their imaginatins t ___________ characters and have very definite ideas abut hw characters shuld lk and sund. This is where I think many film adaptatins fall dwn.
48. The pririty f the current prject is t make an effective ___________ f different ideas.
49. He admits that his latest music style ___________ frm the cmbinatin f flk and classical music.
50. Frty f the curse ___________ are ffered emplyment with the cmpany.
第二节：根据语境、首字母和汉语提示，写出适当的单词或短语。
51. I am fully cnvinced that the l___________ (闲暇) lifestyle is underging a decline with the prgress f mdern sciety. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
52. T enhance ur awareness f saving fd, ur schl is t l_________ (发起) a campaign against fd waste. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
53. Fans lined the rad t the ________ _________ (终点线), cheering n the cmpetitrs. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
54. We try s hard t _________ _____ ______ (不辜负) ther peple’s expectatins f us that smetimes we let ur passins take the back seat. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
55. Yu have t develp yur capabilities t the m___________ (最大限度). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
56. Pllutin has a negative effect n the health f everyne living in the city, _________ _______ (更不用说) the damage t the envirnment.
57. It is crucial fr teenagers t develp int m___________ (成熟的) and respnsible members f sciety. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
58. Only a small m____________ (少数) f students is interested in plitics these days. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
59. In 1969, Tu Yuyu was given the m________ (任务) t set up a team t find a cure fr malaria. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
60. It never ccurred t me that the experience f a vlunteer wuld have such a f________ (深远的) effect n my later life. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
第四部分：书面表达(本大题共1小题，共20.0分)
61. 假定你是李华，你校准备举办以“Chinese Yuth f the New Era”为主题英文演讲活动。请写一篇英文演讲稿，简要谈谈新时代青年应具备的品格(至少两条)。
1. 词数120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好，不计入总字数。
Dear fellw students,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2025北京八中高二(下)期中
英语
(本卷满分100分，考试时间90分钟)
第一部分：知识运用(共两节，20分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
While taking a 20-hur train ride alng the edge f the Taklimakan Desert in nrthwestern China, I had the kind f humbling, educatinal, and abve all else, wnderful ___1___ with a lcal that all travelers lng fr. A yung Chinese man apprached me n the train. My ___2___ friend spke virtually n English, s I happily tk the chance t practice my Chinese.
Over several hurs, he wuld tell me abut hw he had attended a tw-year prfessinal schl t quickly find a jb ___3___ highways in rder t help supprt his family. Perhaps the mst ___4___. hwever, was the fact. that this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr. Withut batting an eye, he wuld ___5___ a translated Emersn passage befre asking abut the literary influence f American writers as a whle. “And what d yu all learn abut Russian authrs?” I ___6___ him asking at ne pint.
It wuld have been easy t ___7___ my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme. But this highly infrmed, ___8___, and admirable persn prevented me ding s. In the curse f a cuple f hurs, he shwed me just hw much ne can gain frm ___9___ with an pen mind, and a willingness t _____10_____ with lcals frm all walks f life.
1. A. experimentB. encunterC. cmpetitinD. appintment
2. A. trueB. s-calledC. newD. lng-lst
3. A. buildingB. sweepingC. checkingD. guarding
4. A. typicalB. bviusC. naturalD. remarkable
5. A. publishB. quteC. cpyD. dwnlad
6. A. anticipateB. imagineC. recallD. catch
7. A. lk intB. rely nC. g verD. deal with
8. A. well-behavedB. multi-skilledC. warm-heartedD. self-educated
9. A. travelingB. readingC. searchingD. teaching
10. A. cperateB. sideC. negtiateD. engage
【答案】1 B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次在火车上偶遇了一个年轻的中国男子，在交谈中发现，年轻人见多识广、自学成才，是一个令人钦佩的人。
【1题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在中国西北部的塔克拉玛干沙漠边缘坐了20个小时的火车时，其间我与一个当地人有了一种谦卑、有教育意义的，最重要的是，美妙的邂逅，这是所有旅行者都渴望的。A. experiment实验；B. encunter邂逅；C. cmpetitin比赛；D. appintment任命。根据后文“with a lcal that all travelers lng fr”指作者和当地人有了一次美妙的邂逅。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的新朋友几乎不会说英语，所以我很高兴地抓住这个机会练习我的中文。A. true真的；B. s-called所谓的；C. new新的；D. lng-lst很久不见的。根据上文“A yung Chinese man apprached me n the train.”可知，两人是在火车上认识的，所以是新朋友。故选C。
【3题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in rder t help supprt his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
【4题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，也许最值得注意的是这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习。A. typical典型的；B. bvius显然的；C. natural自然的；D. remarkable引人注目的。根据后文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.”可知，这个人每天在辛苦的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习，这是最值得注意的品质。故选D。
【5题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. publish出版；B. qute引用；C. cpy复制；D. dwnlad下载。根据后文“a translated Emersn passage”指引用翻译的爱默生的一段话，故选B。
【6题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？”我记得他曾经问过。A. anticipate预期；B. imagine想象；C. recall记起；D. catch抓住。根据后文“him asking at ne pint”可知，作者在回忆年轻人提过的问题。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. lk int调查；B. rely n依靠；C. g ver复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptins abut this highway builder wh had never been mre than a few hundred miles frm hme”可知，这是作者凭想象进行的判断。故选B。
【8题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hurs studying every day after hard physical labr.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
【9题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. traveling旅行；B. reading阅读；C. searching搜索；D. teaching教学。根据后文“with an pen mind, and a willingness t”结合作者当时在乘火车旅行，所以是指带着开放的心态旅行，故选A。
【10题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。A. cperate合作；B. side支持；C. negtiate协商；D. engage参与。根据后文“with lcals frm all walks f life”指和各行各业的当地人打交道，应用短语engage with表示“与……接触”。故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分，共10分)
A
阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空,在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Seven years ag, Steve lst his belved dg Wlfgang. In memry f it, he began t adpt dgs wh had been in their last few years. He ____11____(chse) t rescue these senir dgs because they therwise wuldn't have had a hme. When____12____(ask) hw he culd bear t adpt senir dg, Steve answered, “These abandned animals need lve, and they als have a lt f lve t give, _____13_____is just ne f the things these dgs wish yu knew.”
【答案】11. chse
12. asked 13. which
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。七年前，Steve去了他心爱的狗狗Wlfgang。为了纪念它，他开始收养那些已经奄奄一息的老年狗的故事。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他选择拯救这些老年狗，因为不这样做的话它们就没有家了。根据上文“Seven years ag”可知事情发生在七年前，应用一般过去时。故填chse。
【12题详解】
考查省略句。句意：当被问及他如何能忍受收养老年狗时，Steve回答说，“这些被遗弃的动物需要爱，它们也有很多爱可以给予，这正是这些狗希望你知道的事情之一。” 在when引导的时间状语从句中，从句主语和主句主语一致且含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，从句完整形式为“When he was asked hw he culd bear t adpt senir dg”，相当于省略了he was。故填asked。
【13题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：当被问及他如何能忍受收养老年狗时，Steve回答说，“这些被遗弃的狗狗需要爱，它们也有很多爱可以给予，这正是这些狗希望你知道的事情之一。”此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A cuple was walking n a path in the muntain when it cracked belw their feet, ____14____ (leave) them stuck at the tp f what remained. The man sat at the tp f the steep slpe (陡坡) and his wife ____15____ (lie) n the rcky grund belw, hlding nt his leg t keep herself ____16____ falling dwn. By the time rescuers arrived n the scene, she ____17____ (hld) nt her husband fr 45 minutes.
【答案】14. leaving
15. lay 16. frm
17. had been hlding##had held
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妇在山上行走时遭遇地面裂开，两人被困在陡坡上的惊险经历。
【14题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：一对夫妇在山路上行走时，脚下的路突然裂开，将他们困在了剩下的山顶上。空处为非谓语动词作结果状语，前面描述的事件和leave之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词leaving作结果状语，表示一种自然而然的结果，故填leaving。
【15题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：男子坐在陡坡的顶端，他的妻子躺在下面的岩石地上，抓住他的腿以防自己掉下去。空处作句子的谓语，由sat可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，应用一般过去时，因此空处也应用动词lie的过去式lay，故填lay。
【16题详解】
考查固定搭配。句意：男子坐在陡坡的顶端，他的妻子躺在下面的岩石地上，抓住他的腿以防自己掉下去。keep sb. frm ding sth. 为固定搭配，意为“防止某人做某事”，所以空处应用介词frm，故填frm。
【17题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：当救援人员到达现场时，她已经抓着丈夫45分钟了。空处作句子的谓语动词，根据“By the time rescuers arrived n the scene”可知，此处表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到过去另一时刻，强调动作的持续性，用过去完成进行时had been hlding；也可以表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，用过去完成时had held，故填had been hlding/had held。
C
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Fr many years, researchers ____18____ (try) t find ut the magic f reading. Accrding t an article in Scientific American, researchers have fund evidence that literary fictin imprves a reader’s ability t understand ____19____ thers are thinking abut. And the article further argues that literary fictin can teach us values abut scial behavir, such as the imprtance f understanding thse wh are different frm urselves. The results f this study suggest peple wh lve reading can ____20____ (well) put themselves in smene else’s shes.
【答案】18. have tried##have been trying
19. what 20. better
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了研究人员多年来一直在探索阅读的魔力，并发现文学小说能提高读者理解他人想法的能力，还能教会人们社会行为的价值观。
【18题详解】
考查时态。句意：多年来，研究人员一直在试图找出阅读的魔力。根据时间状语“Fr many years”可知，此处可表示从过去到现在已经完成的动作，可用现在完成时，也可以表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作，有可能继续下去，用现在完成进行时，主语是复数，助动词应用have，故填have tried/have been trying。
【19题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：根据《科学美国人》杂志上的一篇文章，研究人员已经发现证据表明，文学小说可以提高读者理解他人想法的能力。此处引导宾语从句，且引导词在从句中作宾语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
【20题详解】
考查副词比较级。句意：这项研究的结果表明，热爱阅读的人能更好地设身处地为他人着想。根据句意及括号内提示词well可知，此处是将热爱阅读的人与其他人进行比较，强调热爱阅读的人在设身处地为他人着想方面做得更好，所以用well的比较级better，表示“更好地”，故填better。
第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)
第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Belw are three sprts dcumentaries that make perfect viewing fr fans f sprting drama.
N 1. Frmula 1: Drive t survive
The wrld’s httest sprt was barely n the radar f mst Americans — and then Drive t Survive arrived. Since its first release, the series has been credited fr the surprising rise in ppularity f the Eurpean racing assciatin, Frmula 1.
Over six seasns, it has taken fans inside every team and shwn the lives and preparatin f the wners, managers, and drivers, including superstars Lewis Hamiltn, whse headline-making race fr the 2021 title was at the center f Seasn 4. The series’ success has als inspired similar shws fr ther sprts lking t grab a bigger share f the glbal market.
N 2. Race t the Summit
This climbing dcumentary recrds the race between tw great climbers t secure the fastest time t cnquer the Alps’ great nrth faces. As with all climbing dcumentaries, nn-climbers will struggle t understand what drives a persn t risk his life like this, but the film’s stunning scenery and the athletes’ dedicatin t their sprt needs n explanatin. Viewers with fears f heights may want t steer clear, hwever: these shts are guaranteed t raise yur heart rate and take yur breath away.
N 3. Slaying The Badger
The 1986 Tur de France had a battle at its heart, ne between the tw fastest riders in the game. As defending champin, Bernard ‘The Badger’ was the hme her, a serius Frenchman wh was n stranger t challenges. The cmpetitr was his ppsite in persnality: the sunny American rider LeMnd, whse penness culdn’t cnceal a strng determinatin t becme the first nn-Eurpean t win the race. The nly truble was that the pair were members f the same team. This dcumentary is a fascinating study f the tw impulses f prfessinal rad cycling — individual glry versus team duty. And LeMnd, wh had played the rle f dutiful assistant the previus year, believed it was his turn t try the winner’s yellw jersey fr size.
21. What can we learn abut the dcumentary Frmula 1: Drive t survive?
A. It imprves Frmula 1’s glbal viewership, particularly in Eurpe.
B It ffers fans chances t g behind the scenes f Frmula 1 racing.
C. It leads t the rise f Lewis Hamiltn as a wrld-famus sprts star.
D. It helps ther similar sprts enjy a larger slice f the glbal market.
22. Which f the fllwing infrmatin abut Race t the Summit might be CORRECT?
A. The film is intended fr nn-climbers wh want t learn abut climbing.
B. The race between the climbers vershadws the scenic beauty f the Alps.
C. The film features splendid muntain views and thrilling scenes f climbing.
D. The film details the reasns behind climbers’ pursuit f extreme climbing.
23. What majr theme des Slaying The Badger explre?
A. The success stry f a yung cyclist defeating the defending champin.
B. The dminance f Eurpeans in rad cycling and the challenges they face.
C. The challenge f balancing persnal attainments with cllective respnsibilities.
D. The fierce battle between tp riders f different persnalities frm different teams.
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三部体育纪录片，分别是关于一级方程式赛车、攀登阿尔卑斯山北壁和1986年环法自行车赛的纪录片。每部影片展示了体育领域内不同的竞争与挑战，适合体育爱好者观看。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据N 1. Frmula 1: Drive t survive标题下第二段“Over six seasns, it has taken fans inside every team and shwn the lives and preparatin f the wners, managers, and drivers, including superstars Lewis Hamiltn, whse headline-making race fr the 2021 title was at the center f Seasn 4.(在六个赛季中，它带领粉丝深入每个车队，展示了车队老板、经理和车手的生活和准备工作，其中包括超级明星刘易斯·汉密尔顿，他在2021年争夺冠军的比赛是第四季的核心)”可知，这部纪录片让粉丝了解了Frmula 1赛车的幕后情况。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据N 2. Race t the Summit标题下“but the film’s stunning scenery and the athletes’ dedicatin t their sprt needs n explanatin.(但影片中惊人的风景和运动员对运动的投入无需解释)”可知，这部影片展示了壮丽的山景和激动人心的攀登场景。故选C。
【23题详解】
主旨大意题。根据N 3. Slaying The Badger标题下“This dcumentary is a fascinating study f the tw impulses f prfessinal rad cycling — individual glry versus team duty.(该纪录片深入研究了职业公路自行车赛中的两大动力——个人荣耀与团队责任)”可知，这部纪录片探讨了个人成就与团队责任的平衡。故选C。
B
Nt lng ag I jined in a frum n the rle f the American press. The purpse f the frum, as I understd it, was t examine the respnsibilities f the media and t suggest the best ways t meet thse respnsibilities.
During the pen-discussin perid, a gentleman addressed a questin t a distinguished anchrman. Why, he asked, are the newspapers and televisin news prgrams s disaster-prne? The anchrman reacted as if he had been blamed fr the existence f bad news. Newsmen, he said, are nly respnsible fr reprting the news, nt fr creating r mdifying it.
It didn’t seem t me that he had answered the questin. The gentleman was just wndering why distrtins are mst reprted. The news media seem t perate n the philsphy that all news is bad news. Why? Culd it be that the emphasis n dwnside news is largely the result f traditin — the way newsmen and newswmen are accustmed t respnding t daily events?
Perhaps it wuld be useful here t examine the way we define the wrd news fr this is where the prblem begins. News is suppsed t deal with happenings f the past 12 hurs — 24 hurs at mst. Anything that happens s suddenly, hwever, is likely t be eruptive: a sniper kills a presidential candidate; a plane crashed int a muntain…
Fcusing nly n these details, hwever, prduces a misshapen picture. Civilizatin is a lt mre than the sum ttal f its disasters. The mst imprtant ingredient in any civilizatin is prgress. But prgress is nt eruptive. Generally, it cmes in bits and pieces, very little f it clearly visible at any given mment, but all f it invlved in the making f histrical change fr the better.
It is this aspect f living histry that mst news reprting reflects inadequately. The result is that we are under-infrmed abut psitive develpments and ver-infrmed abut disasters. This, in turn, leads t a public md f defeatism, which in themselves tend t prevent prgress. A persistent diet f eruptive news drains the essential human energies a free sciety needs.
I am nt suggesting “psitive” news be designed as a cuntermeasure t the disasters n page ne. What I am trying t get acrss is the ntin that the respnsibility f the news media is t search ut and reprt n imprtant events whether r nt they cme under the heading f cnflicts r disasters. The wrld is a splendid cmbinatin f heaven and hell, and bth call fr attentin and examinatin.
The anchrman was right in saying newsmen were nt respnsible fr shaping the wrld, but they are respnsible fr affecting ur attitude. News peple prvide us with the nly picture f urselves and the wrld. It had better be a true prtrait-and nt a caricature (漫画)— fr it’s this picture n which we will base ur decisins and arund which we will plan ur future.
24. The authr learned frm the frum that ______.
A. the public tended t blame newsmen fr reprting nly bad news
B. there were cncerns abut the media’s t much fcus n bad news
C. the American press failed t deliver n its prmise t refrm the media
D. the public expected factual and unmdified news reprts frm newsmen
25. What des the authr suggest is the primary reasn fr the dminance f negative news cverage?
A. The news media wrks n the principle that all news is bad news.
B. News reprters are prfessinally trained t reprt daily disasters.
C. News traditinally refers t events that ccur suddenly within a day.
D. Reprting nly tragic events may blind the public t scial prgress.
26. Which f the fllwing statements might the authr agree with?
A. News reprters shuld give their attentin t a wider range f imprtant issues.
B. The cnflicts and disasters cause public despair and rb sciety f human energy.
C. Newsmen are duty-bund t create mre psitive news t fight against disasters.
D. Newsmen can strive t find a balanced prtrayal f events t shape the wrld.
27. Which f the fllwing might be the best title f the passage?
A. Why is all news bad news?B. Where is the news leading us?
C. Why is it time t create mre psitive news?D. Hw can the news media thrive against all dds?
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了美国新闻媒体的报道倾向，特别是其对负面新闻的过度关注及其对公众态度和社会氛围的影响。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Why, he asked, are the newspapers and televisin news prgrams s disaster-prne? The anchrman reacted as if he had been blamed fr the existence f bad news. Newsmen, he said, are nly respnsible fr reprting the news, nt fr creating r mdifying it.(他问道，为什么报纸和电视新闻节目如此容易报道灾难？主持人的反应就好像他因为坏消息的存在而受到责备。他说，新闻记者只负责报道新闻，而不负责创造或修改新闻)”可知，有人担心媒体过分关注坏消息。故选B。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Perhaps it wuld be useful here t examine the way we define the wrd news fr this is where the prblem begins. News is suppsed t deal with happenings f the past 12 hurs — 24 hurs at mst. Anything that happens s suddenly, hwever, is likely t be eruptive: a sniper kills a presidential candidate; a plane crashed int a muntain…(也许在这里检查一下我们定义“新闻”这个词的方式会很有用，因为这就是问题的开始。新闻应该处理过去12小时——最多24小时内发生的事情。然而，任何突然发生的事情都可能引发爆发：一名狙击手杀死了一名总统候选人；一架飞机坠毁在山上。)”可知，作者认为负面新闻报道占主导地位的主要原因是传统上，新闻指的是一天内突然发生的事件。故选C。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“What I am trying t get acrss is the ntin that the respnsibility f the news media is t search ut and reprt n imprtant events whether r nt they cme under the heading f cnflicts r disasters. The wrld is a splendid cmbinatin f heaven and hell, and bth call fr attentin and examinatin.(我想要表达的是这样一种观念，即新闻媒体的责任是找出并报道重要事件，无论这些事件是否属于冲突或灾难的范畴。这个世界是天堂和地狱的完美结合，两者都需要关注和审视)”可知，作者认为新闻记者应该把注意力放在更广泛的重要问题上。故选A。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nt lng ag I jined in a frum n the rle f the American press. The purpse f the frum, as I understd it, was t examine the respnsibilities f the media and t suggest the best ways t meet thse respnsibilities.(不久前，我参加了一个关于美国媒体角色的论坛。据我所知，论坛的目的是审查传播媒介的责任，并提出履行这些责任的最佳方法)”以及这篇文章主要讨论了美国新闻媒体的报道倾向，特别是其对负面新闻的过度关注及其对公众态度和社会氛围的影响。故B选项“这条新闻把我们引向何方？”最符合文章标题。故选B。
C
In the cutthrat wrld f artificial intelligence, lng dminated by Silicn Valley, DeepSeek has emerged as an impressive new player. Since its debut in late 2023, this Chinese AI has stirred glbal attentin, representing mre than just anther technlgical innvatin. It’s a cmplex phenmenn that reflects the shifting landscape f innvatin, pwer and cultural influence in the AI-driven era.
Develped by QuantumThink Labs in Shenzhen, DeepSeek was created by a team f ex-Ggle Brain engineers and Peking University experts. DeepSeek is nt yur average chatbt. Trained n an astnishing 20 trillin tkens, this multimdal mdel shwcases linguistic prficiency, cde generatin capabilities and reasning skills that rival r surpass its Western cunterparts. What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency, delivering GPT-4-level perfrmance with 30 percent less cmputatinal pwer.
In a strategic mve, QuantumThink made a “lite” versin f DeepSeek pen surce, a decisin that has sparked widespread adptin acrss the glbe. Develpers frm cities like Lags t Jakarta have quickly embraced it t create petry generatrs and AI-pwered farm management tls fr rural India.
Hwever, DeepSeek’s grwing influence is nt withut challenges. There are cncerns that US gvernment may blck American firms frm using DeepSeek, mentining data security cncerns. Tariff (关税) war culd als be n the cards. Yet, such mves might backfire, ptentially harming US startups that benefit frm DeepSeek’s cst advantages.
The future f AI, with DeepSeek at the center, remains a mystery. Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China, r will its pen-surce rts fster glbal cllabratin? DeepSeek’s stry is nt just abut technlgy; it’s abut the pwer f innvatin and agency.
Fr t lng, the AI narrative has been dminated by Western pwers. Nw, a Chinese lab has shwn that innvatin is nt exclusive t the West. Whether we enter an AI arms race r begin a new era f glbal cperatin depends n hw we chse t use and share this technlgy. As a Brazilian cder said, the future f AI must speak the language f bth the develped and develping wrld t truly succeed.
28. What des the secnd paragraph mainly talk abut?
A. The creatin f DeepSeek.B. The definitin f DeepSeek.
C. The strengths f DeepSeek.D. The efficiency f DeepSeek.
29. What might be a challenge DeepSeek faces?
A. Invlvement in tariff war.B. The pssibility f data leaking.
C. A decline in its cmpetitiveness.D. A ban n its use frm US gvernment.
30. Which f the fllwing best describes the future f AI?
A. Uncertain.B. Secure.C. Prmising.D. Depressing.
31. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. AI shuld priritize Western languages.
B. We will enter a new era f glbal AI cperatin.
C. Cnsidering glbal needs is required t ensure AI’s success.
D. Develping cuntries will eventually dminate AI innvatin.
【答案】28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国AI公司DeepSeek的崛起、技术优势、面临的挑战及其对全球人工智能领域的影响，并探讨了AI未来发展的不确定性。
【28题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Trained n an astnishing 20 trillin tkens, this multimdal mdel shwcases linguistic prficiency, cde generatin capabilities and reasning skills that rival r surpass its Western cunterparts. What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency, delivering GPT-4-level perfrmance with 30 percent less cmputatinal pwer.(这款多模态模型在惊人的20万亿个标记上进行了训练，展现出了媲美甚至超越西方同类产品的语言熟练度、代码生成能力和推理技能。DeepSeek的真正独特之处在于其卓越的效率，仅用30%的计算能力就能达到GPT-4级别的性能)”可知，本段主要介绍了DeepSeek的技术优势，包括语言能力、代码生成能力和推理技能，以及其高效的性能。故选C项。
【29题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第四段“There are cncerns that US gvernment may blck American firms frm using DeepSeek, mentining data security cncerns.(有人担心美国政府可能会以数据安全为由，阻止美国企业使用DeepSeek)”可知，DeepSeek可能面临的一个挑战是美国政府可能会禁止美国公司使用DeepSeek。故选D项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第五段“The future f AI, with DeepSeek at the center, remains a mystery. Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China, r will its pen-surce rts fster glbal cllabratin?(以DeepSeek为核心的人工智能未来仍充满神秘。它是否会引发中美之间的技术战，还是其开源特性会促进全球合作？)”可知，DeepSeek的未来充满了不确定性，可能会引发美中之间的技术战争，也可能促进全球合作。可推理出AI的未来是不确定的。故选A项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Whether we enter an AI arms race r begin a new era f glbal cperatin depends n hw we chse t use and share this technlgy. As a Brazilian cder said, the future f AI must speak the language f bth the develped and develping wrld t truly succeed.(我们究竟是会陷入一场人工智能军备竞赛，还是开启全球合作的新时代，这取决于我们如何选择使用和分享这项技术。正如一位巴西程序员所说，人工智能的未来必须既能满足发达国家的需求，也能契合发展中国家的期望，才能真正取得成功)”可知，要确保AI的成功，必须考虑全球的需求，包括发达国家和发展中国家。故选C项。
D
The recent trust crisis has led many scientists t take up arms t defend their enterprise, but in their attempt t fight back against varius frms f science denial, sme scientists say things that just aren’t true - and yu can’t build trust if the things yu are saying are nt trustwrthy.
One ppular mve is t insist that science is right - full stp - and that nce we discver the truth abut the wrld, we are dne. Anyne wh denies such truths is ignrant. Or, as Nbel Prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg said, “Even thugh a scientific thery is in a sense a scial cnsensus (共识), it is unlike any ther srt f cnsensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” Well, n. Science is a prcess f learning and discvery, and smetimes we learn that what we thught was right is wrng. Even a mdest familiarity with the histry f science ffers many examples f matters that scientists thught they had reslved, nly t discver that they needed t be recnsidered.
Anther ppular mve is t say scientific findings are true because scientists use “the scientific methd”. But we can never actually agree n what that methd is. Sme will say it is empiricism: bservatin and descriptin f the wrld. Others will say it is the experimental methd: the use f experiment t test hyptheses (假设). Recently sme prminent scientists claimed the scientific methd was t avid fling neself int thinking smething is true that is nt, and vice versa.
Each f these cmmnly-held views has its merits, but if the claim is that any ne f these is the scientific methd, then they all fail. Histry and philsphy have shwn that the idea f a singular scientific methd is, well, unscientific. In fact, the methds f science have varied between disciplines and acrss time. Many scientific practices, particularly statistical tests f significance, have been develped with the idea f aviding wishful thinking and self-deceptin, but that hardly cnstitutes “the scientific methd”. Scientists have bitterly argued abut which methds are the best, and, as we all knw, bitter arguments rarely get reslved.
In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is t claim that this is all smehw simple and therefre t imply that anyne wh desn’t get it is dumb. Science is nt simple, and neither is the natural wrld; therein lies the challenge f science cmmunicatin. What we d is bth hard and, ften, hard t explain. Our effrts t understand and prtray the natural wrld are just that: effrts. Because we’re human, we ften fall flat. The gd news is that when that happens, we pick urselves up, brush urselves ff, and get back t wrk. Understanding the beautiful, cmplex wrld we live in, and using that knwledge t d useful things, is bth its wn reward and why taxpayers shuld be happy t fund research.
Scientific theries are nt perfect cpies f reality, but we have gd reasn t believe that they capture significant elements f it. And experience reminds us that when we ignre reality, it sner r later cmes back t bite us.
32. The qute frm Steven Weinberg is intended t ______.
A. illustrate that scientific theries are free frm cultural influences
B. stress what was believed t be true may turn ut t be false theries
C. shw even great scientists may be unfamiliar with the histry f science
D. serve as an example f the belief that science prduces permanent truths
33. What can be learned frm all the ppular pinins n “the scientific methd” mentined in the passage?
A. One way t make scientific discvery is ding experiments t bserve and describe the wrld.
B. Sme hld the scientific methd fcuses n prving hyptheses crrect thrugh experiments.
C. Sme suggest emplying the scientific methd t avid self-deceptin in scientific inquiry.
D. The scientific methd has evlved ver time and varied acrss scientific disciplines.
34. The underlined phrase “fall flat” in Paragraph 5 is clsest in meaning t ______.
A. fail t achieve a galB. lie n ne’s back
C. fall behind the timesD. rise t challenges
35. Which f the fllwing statements des the authr prbably agree with?
A. It’s pintless t agree n a single scientific methd as science is right in itself.
B. Science can’t supply abslute truths abut the real wrld, but it brings us clser.
C. Reflectin n the histry f science may help scientists restre public trust in science.
D. Making scientific theries easily understandable is the biggest challenge fr scientists.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了在信任危机下科学家捍卫科学事业时存在的问题，包括忽视科学是一个不断学习与发现的过程，认为某种单一的科学方法更好，以及将科学简单化，同时指出科学不能提供关于现实世界的绝对真理，但它使我们更接近真理。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“One ppular mve is t insist that science is right - full stp - and that nce we discver the truth abut the wrld, we are dne. Anyne wh denies such truths is ignrant. Or, as Nbel Prize-winning physicist Steven Weinberg said, “Even thugh a scientific thery is in a sense a scial cnsensus (共识), it is unlike any ther srt f cnsensus in that it is culture-free and permanent.” (一种流行的做法是坚称科学是正确的——到此为止——一旦我们发现了世界的真相，我们就完成了任务。任何否认这些真理的人都是无知的。或者，正如诺贝尔奖得主物理学家Steven Weinberg所说，“尽管科学理论在某种意义上是一种社会共识，但它不同于任何其他类型的共识，因为它不受文化的影响，而且是永恒的。”)”可知，Steven Weinberg认为科学理论与文化无关，是永恒的，这支撑了前面提到的科学产生永恒真理的观点，是对其例证。故选D项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Recently sme prminent scientists claimed the scientific methd was t avid fling neself int thinking smething is true that is nt, and vice versa. (最近，一些著名的科学家声称，科学的方法是避免欺骗自己，使自己误以为某事是真的，反之亦然。)”可知，一些人建议采用科学的方法来避免在科学研究中自我欺骗。A项“进行科学发现的一种方法是通过实验来观察和描述世界”与第三段中“Sme will say it is empiricism: bservatin and descriptin f the wrld. (有人会说这是经验主义：对世界的观察和描述。)”不符，观察和描述世界是经验主义的方法；B项“一些人认为科学方法的重点是通过实验证明假设是正确的”与第三段中“Others will say it is the experimental methd: the use f experiment t test hyptheses (假设). (其他人会说这是实验方法：用实验来检验假设。)”不符，实验是用来检验假设的，假设有可能被证伪；D项“科学方法随着时间的推移而发展，在不同的科学学科中也有所不同”与第四段中“In fact, the methds f science have varied between disciplines and acrss time. (事实上，不同学科和不同时代的科学方法是不同的。)”不符，科学方法在不同时代不同不意味着它随着时间的推移而发展。故选C项。
【34题详解】
词句猜测题。根据画线部分的上文“Science is nt simple, and neither is the natural wrld; therein lies the challenge f science cmmunicatin. What we d is bth hard and, ften, hard t explain. Our effrts t understand and prtray the natural wrld are just that: effrts. Because we’re human (科学并不简单，自然界也不简单；这就是科学传播的挑战所在。我们所做的事情既困难又难以解释。我们理解和描绘自然界的努力仅仅是努力。因为我们是人类)”可知，科学和自然界都不简单，人类在理解和描绘自然界上面临挑战，存在局限性。由此可知，我们经常会失败，画线部分意思应该与fail t achieve a gal“目标达成失败”意思相近。故选A项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Science is a prcess f learning and discvery, and smetimes we learn that what we thught was right is wrng. (科学是一个学习和发现的过程，有时我们会发现我们认为正确的是错误的。)”、倒数第二段中“Science is nt simple, and neither is the natural wrld; therein lies the challenge f science cmmunicatin. What we d is bth hard and, ften, hard t explain. Our effrts t understand and prtray the natural wrld are just that: effrts. (科学并不简单，自然界也不简单；这就是科学传播的挑战所在。我们所做的事情既困难又难以解释。我们理解和描绘自然世界的努力仅仅是努力。)”和最后一段中“Scientific theries are nt perfect cpies f reality, but we have gd reasn t believe that they capture significant elements f it. (科学理论并不是对现实的完美复制，但我们有充分的理由相信，它们捕捉到了现实的重要元素。)”可知，作者指出，人类在理解和描绘自然界上存在局限性，而且科学本身是学习和发现的过程，其中也会发生错误，但科学理论的确可以揭示现实的某些重要方面。由此可知，作者的观点可能是“科学不能提供关于现实世界的绝对真理，但它使我们更接近真理”。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is heritage? The wrd can be difficult t define. Heritage is always smething that is passed dwn by families r ther grups fr many years.____36____ It can als be the custms, traditins, and values shared by grups f peple. One way t think abut heritage is t break it dwn int three grups. These are the tangible(有形的), the natural, and the intangible.
____37____ It can include many human-made bjects that hld cultural value. Sme examples are natinal mnuments and wrks f art. Many ancient sites are als part f this grup. On a smaller scale, a family hme can be part f an individual’s heritage.
Many parts f the natural wrld are als imprtant t cultural heritage. This can include bdies f water plant life, landfrms and mre. One example is the Nile River.____38____ Effrts t prtect natural heritage are key in many cultures.
The intangible grup includes any part f cultural heritage that yu can’t feel thrugh tuch. Maybe yu’ve read abut frms f dance, like Flamenc dancing. Yu might knw abut the music f Mariachi Bands r hlidays like Eid. These are all examples f intangible heritage. ____39____
Explring yur wn heritage can be fun. It can help yu learn abut yurself, yur family, and yur ancestrs. But it’s als imprtant t learn abut the heritage f thers. ____40____ It can als lead yu t find things yu may have in cmmn with thers!
A. They are treasures that can be tuched.
B. What tangible items can be part f heritage?
C. Hwever, heritage isn’t limited t cncrete bjects.
D. Languages, hlidays and custms als make the list.
E. Therefre, it’s difficult t prtect them frm fading away.
F. Ding s can help yu build a strnger understanding f ther cultures.
G. It has been part f cultural heritage in many African natins fr centuries.
【答案】36. C 37. B 38. G 39. D 40. F
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。讲述了遗产是由家庭或其他群体传承多年的东西。然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品，它也是一群人共有的习俗、传统和价值观。
【36题详解】
根据下文“It can als be the custms, traditins, and values shared by grups f peple. (它也可以是一群人共享的习俗、传统和价值观)”可知，此处应指遗产不局限于某种东西，与C项“Hwever, heritage isn’t limited t cncrete bjects. (然而，遗产并不局限于具体的物品)”符合题意。故选C。
【37题详解】
根据上文“These are the tangible(有形的), the natural, and the intangible. (遗产分为有形的、自然的、和无形的三种)”及空后“It can include many human-made bjects that hld cultural value. (它可以包括许多具有文化价值的人造物。)”，再结合下文中列举的人造物品的例子，包括“natinal mnuments and wrks f art”、“ancient sites”等；由此可知，本段主要讲述哪些是有形的遗产，B项“What tangible items can be part f heritage? (哪些有形物品可以成为遗产的一部分)”符合题意，故选B。
【38题详解】
本段主要介绍自然遗产。根据空前“One example is the Nile River. (尼罗河就是一个例子)”可知，空处应该会继续讲述与尼罗河有关的内容。G项“It has been part f cultural heritage in many African natins fr centuries. (几个世纪以来，它一直是许多非洲国家文化遗产的一部分)”承接上文，符合题意。故选G。
【39题详解】
本段主要介绍无形的遗产。上文提到了舞蹈、音乐等无形的遗产，D项“Languages, hlidays and custms als make the list. (语言、节日、习俗也榜上有名)”承接上文，介绍了其他的无形遗产，符合题意。故选D。
【40题详解】
根据上一句“But it’s als imprtant t learn abut the heritage f thers. (但了解他人的遗产也很重要)”及下一句“It can als lead yu t find things yu may have in cmmn with thers! (它还可以引导您找到与他人可能有共同点的东西！)”可知，空出应该是介绍了解他人的遗产的好处，F项“Ding s can help yu build a strnger understanding f ther cultures. (这样做可以帮助您更深入地了解其他文化)”承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
第三部分：单词填空(本大题共20小题，共20.0分)
第一节：根据语境选出适当的单词，用正确的形式填空。
选词填空
41. He tends t explre mre with the __________ f interest in science.
42. Thse wh are lacking cnfidence have a _____________ t give up in the face f frustratins.
43. With these severe restrictins t her cmmunicatin, Helen’s behavir was ften ______________.
44. This yung man devted himself t helping thse ________ t the disaster.
45. Peple like Bacn and Galilei knew that knwledge and understanding are things t fight fr; mre vital t a man and mre ____________ t mankind, sme might say, than all the mney in the wrld.
46. This prfessr has made such great breakthrughs that he ___________ as a pineer in the field.
47. Readers f the bk use their imaginatins t ___________ characters and have very definite ideas abut hw characters shuld lk and sund. This is where I think many film adaptatins fall dwn.
48. The pririty f the current prject is t make an effective ___________ f different ideas.
49. He admits that his latest music style ___________ frm the cmbinatin f flk and classical music.
50. Frty f the curse ___________ are ffered emplyment with the cmpany.
【答案】41. expansin
42. tendency
43. unbearable
44. expsed
45. beneficial
46. is acknwledged
47. visualize##visualise
48. interactin
49. riginates
50. participants
【解析】
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：他倾向于在科学兴趣的扩展中探索更多。根据句意，此处需填入表示“扩展”的名词，即expand的名词expansin作宾语，不可数，故填expansin。
【42题详解】
考查名词。句意：缺乏自信的人在面对挫折时有放弃的倾向。根据句意，此处需填入表示“倾向”的名词，即应填名词tendency作宾语，由a可知，应用单数，故填tendency。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：由于沟通受到严格限制，海伦的行为常常令人难以忍受。根据句意，此处需填入表示“难以忍受的”的形容词作表语，即应用形容词bearable“可忍受的”的反义词unbearable，故填unbearable。
【44题详解】
考查动词。句意：这位年轻人致力于帮助那些遭受灾难的人。根据句意，此处是后置定语，表示“暴露”应用动词expse，和所修饰词thse是被动关系，即应用过去分词形式，故填expsed。
【45题详解】
考查形容词。句意：培根和伽利略等人知道，知识和理解是需要争取的东西；对一个人来说更重要，对人类来说更有益，有些人可能会说，比世界上所有的钱都重要。根据句意，此处需填入表示“有益的”形容词作表语，动词benefit“受益”的形容词为beneficial，mre beneficial是比较级，故填beneficial。
【46题详解】
考查动词。句意：这位教授取得了如此重大的突破，以至于他被公认为该领域的先驱。根据句意，此处表示“公认为”为固定搭配be acknwledged as，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是he，be动词应用is，故填is acknwledged。
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：这本书的读者利用他们的想象力来想象角色，并对角色的外貌和声音有非常明确的想法。这就是我认为许多电影改编失败的地方。根据句意，此处需填入表示“想象”的动词，visual“视觉的”的动词形式为visualize/visualise，由不定式符号t可知，应用原形，故填visualize/visualise。
【48题详解】
考查名词。句意：当前项目的首要任务是有效地整合不同的想法。根据句意，此处需填入表示“互动”或“整合”interact的名词作宾语，由an可知，应用单数，故填interactin。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：他承认，他最新的音乐风格源自民间音乐和古典音乐的结合。根据句意，此处需填入动词作谓语，表示“源自”，应用动词riginate，句子描述一般性事实，应用一般现在时，主语是单数，即谓语动词应用三单形式，故填riginates。
50题详解】
考查名词。句意：该课程的40名参与者获得了该公司的就业机会。根据句意，此处需填入表示“参与者”的名词作主语，participate的名词形式为participant，由frty可知，应用复数形式，故填participants。
第二节：根据语境、首字母和汉语提示，写出适当的单词或短语。
51. I am fully cnvinced that the l___________ (闲暇) lifestyle is underging a decline with the prgress f mdern sciety. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】leisure##eisure
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：我坚信，随着现代社会的进步，闲暇生活方式正在衰落。“闲暇”为名词leisure作定语，修饰名词lifestyle，故填leisure。
52. T enhance ur awareness f saving fd, ur schl is t l_________ (发起) a campaign against fd waste. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】launch##aunch
【解析】
【详解】考查动词。句意：为了增强我们节约食物的意识，我们学校将发起一项反对浪费食物的运动。根据汉语提示“发起”和首字母提示“l”可知，空处为动词launch，由空前不定式符号t可知，应用动词原形，故填launch。
53. Fans lined the rad t the ________ _________ (终点线), cheering n the cmpetitrs. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ① finishing##finish ②. line
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：粉丝们沿着通往终点线的道路排成一行，为参赛者加油。“终点线”为固定搭配the finishing/finish line，故填①finishing/finish；②line。
54. We try s hard t _________ _____ ______ (不辜负) ther peple’s expectatins f us that smetimes we let ur passins take the back seat. (根据汉语提示完成句子)
【答案】 ①. live ②. up ③. t
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：我们如此努力地不辜负别人对我们的期望，以至于有时我们会让自己的激情退居次要地位。“不辜负”为固定搭配live up t，由空前不定式符号t可知，动词live应用原形，故填live up t。
55. Yu have t develp yur capabilities t the m___________ (最大限度). (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】maximum##aximum
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：你必须将自己的能力发展到最大限度。“最大限度”为名词maximum，作宾语，不可数，故填maximum。
56. Pllutin has a negative effect n the health f everyne living in the city, _________ _______ (更不用说) the damage t the envirnment.
【答案】 ①. let ②. alne
【解析】
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：污染对城市中每个人的健康都有负面影响，更不用说对环境的破坏。“更不用说”为固定搭配let alne，故填let alne。
57. It is crucial fr teenagers t develp int m___________ (成熟的) and respnsible members f sciety. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】mature##ature
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：青少年成长为成熟且有责任感的社会成员至关重要。以m为首字母的“成熟的”为形容词mature，与空后respnsible并列，作定语修饰名词members，故填mature。
58. Only a small m____________ (少数) f students is interested in plitics these days. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】minrity##inrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：如今，只有少数学生对政治感兴趣。根据空前不定冠词a和汉语提示“少数”可知，空处应填可数名词单数minrity，构成固定短语a minrity f，意为“少数……”。故填minrity。
59. In 1969, Tu Yuyu was given the m________ (任务) t set up a team t find a cure fr malaria. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】missin##issin
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：1969年，屠呦呦受命组建一个团队，寻找治疗疟疾的方法。“任务”为名词missin作宾语，由句意和the可知，此处特指这一任务，应用单数，故填missin。
60. It never ccurred t me that the experience f a vlunteer wuld have such a f________ (深远的) effect n my later life. (根据中英文提示单词拼写)
【答案】far-reaching##ar-reaching
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：我从来没有想到志愿者的经历会对我以后的生活产生如此深远的影响。“深远的”为形容词far-reaching，作定语，修饰名词effect，故填far-reaching。
第四部分：书面表达(本大题共1小题，共20.0分)
61. 假定你是李华，你校准备举办以“Chinese Yuth f the New Era”为主题的英文演讲活动。请写一篇英文演讲稿，简要谈谈新时代青年应具备的品格(至少两条)。
1. 词数120左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头语已为你写好，不计入总字数。
Dear fellw students,
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Pssible versin 1:
Dear fellw students,
Tday, I am hnred t speak n the theme “Chinese Yuth f the New Era.” As yung peple in a rapidly changing wrld, we must embdy certain qualities t thrive and cntribute t ur sciety.
First and fremst, resilience is essential. In the face f challenges, we must learn t adapt and persevere. Life will present bstacles, but ur ability t bunce back and stay fcused n ur gals will define ur success. Resilience empwers us t turn setbacks int pprtunities fr grwth.
Secndly, a sense f scial respnsibility is crucial. As the future leaders f ur natin, we shuld care fr ur cmmunities and actively participate in scial issues. Engaging in vlunteer wrk and advcating fr psitive change nt nly helps thers but als enriches ur wn lives.
In cnclusin, let us embrace resilience and scial respnsibility as cre values. Tgether, we can shape a brighter future fr urselves and ur cuntry.
Thank yu!
Pssible versin 2:
Dear fellw students,
It’s an hnr t stand here and share my thughts n what defines Chinese yuth in the new era. As the future pillars f ur natin, we must cultivate qualities that align with bth persnal grwth and scietal prgress. Amng these, tw virtues stand ut: innvative thinking and scial respnsibility.
First, innvatin is the engine f develpment. In a wrld driven by technlgy and glbalizatin, yung peple must dare t questin nrms, embrace creativity, and turn ideas int slutins. Think f yung entrepreneurs develping AI tls fr envirnmental prtectin r students designing apps t assist the elderly. Such breakthrughs stem frm curage t explre the unknwn.
Equally vital is scial respnsibility. New-era yuth shuld nt nly pursue individual success but als cntribute t cllective well-being. Whether vlunteering in rural educatin, prmting cultural heritage, r advcating fr sustainability, every effrt cunts. Remember, a thriving sciety is built n the cmpassin and dedicatin f its peple.
Dear friends, let us carry the trch f innvatin while keeping ur hearts rted in service. Tgether, we can shape a future where yuth pwer transfrms challenges int pprtunities.
Thank yu!
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇以 “Chinese Yuth f the New Era” 为主题的英文演讲稿，阐述新时代青年应具备的品格。
【详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸的：hnred→privileged
至关重要的：essential→crucial
参加：participate in→take part in
总之：in cnclusin→in summary
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Tday, I am hnred t speak n the theme “Chinese Yuth f the New Era.”
拓展句：Tday, I am hnred t give a speech which is themed “Chinese Yuth f the New Era.”
【点睛】【高分句型1】Life will present bstacles, but ur ability t bunce back and stay fcused n ur gals will define ur success.(运用了不定式短语作后置定语)
【高分句型2】Engaging in vlunteer wrk and advcating fr psitive change nt nly helps thers but als enriches ur wn lives.(运用了动名词短语作主语)
interact; bearable; expse; participate; benefit;
expand; visual; tendency; acknwledge; riginate;
interact; bearable; expse; participate; benefit;
expand; visual; tendency; acknwledge; riginate;