北京市大兴区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中检测英语试题（附参考答案）

这是一份北京市大兴区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中检测英语试题（附参考答案），共5页。试卷主要包含了 5分，共15分)， A等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
As a cllege student in my secnd year, I accidentally entered a creative writing class, thinking it was a literature curse. The rm was packed, with every seat taken. Even the waiting list was full. ____1____, I wndered what was ging n.
When the instructr intrduced the curse, I ____2____ my mistake. By the end f the sessin, hwever, I just felt a strng ____3____ t be a part f it. Maybe it was the energy in the rm that drew me in.
But jining the class seemed impssible, because I wasn’t ____4____ n the waiting list. Then the instructr asked fr a vlunteer t ____5____ the first wrkshp stry. Whever vlunteered wuld have t write a whle stry in a week. N ne wanted t be the first. I saw my ____6____. I raised my hand and asked the instructr, “If I g first, will yu give me a ____7____ in the class? ” He agreed.
Years later, I was wrking n a nvel manuscript when a literary agent asked t read the first few pages. But I wasn’t ____8____ shwing her anything because my manuscript was far frm dne. Hwever, I knew the beginning f my manuscript was gd. I als knew the agent might frget me if I waited.
S I tk a chance. I sent her the first three chapters. A mnth later, she ____9____ a cntract with me based n thse chapters alne. She has since seen me thrugh the publicatin f three nvels.
As a nvelist, I believe that hard wrk and fcus helped me get where I am tday. Hwever, smetimes taking risks and seizing pprtunities can ____10____ great success.
1. A. Amused B. Cnfused C. Excited D. Disappinted
2. A. nticed B. ignred C. crrected D. realized
3. A. dislike B. fear C. desire D. shame
4. A. just B. even C. either D. yet
5. A. submit B. publish C. edit D. review
6. A. strength B. risk C. prblem D. chance
7. A. schedule B. cmment C. spt D. grade
8. A. cmfrtable B. anxius C. delighted D. nervus
9. A. canceled B. signed C. brke D. ended
10. A. leave behind B. result frm C. cntribute t D. set aside
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分)
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
As AI mdels becme mre integrated int ur daily lives, the ability ____11____ (prvide) clear and effective instructins will becme a crucial skill. Therefre, a new field f study appears: prmpt engineering. At its cre, prmpt engineering ____12____ (invlve) writing prmpts—natural language inputs that instruct AI mdels t prduce specific utputs. While this may seem ____13____ (high) technical, the principles behind prmpt engineering are designed t make AI mre user-friendly.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Harry Peksa, a nine-year-ld by, plans t cycle acrss Sctland this summer t cllect mney fr charity. Last year, Harry and his dad ____14____ (ride) their bikes fr abut 1, 300 miles, ____15____ (raise) £5, 080 fr a gd cause. Interestingly, ____16____ keeps him ging is the prmise f a cheeseburger at the end f the jurney. Harry’s adventure prves that with great curage and ____17____ (determine), kids can make a big difference.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Kunqu, riginating in the Kunshan-Taicang area f Jiangsu Prvince, ____18____ (knw) as the “teacher r ancestr f a hundred peras” in China. Kunqu has a histry f nearly 600 years, ____19____ cmbines singing and acting with graceful, stylized perfrmances. In 2001, it was declared a “Masterpiece f the Oral and Intangible Heritage f Humanity” by UNESCO, indicating ____20____ (it) unique significance and artistic value.
第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，38分)
第一节 (共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
The United Natins Yuth Envirnmental Leaders (UNYEL) initiative empwers yungsters t drive sustainable change in their cmmunities. Each year, 30 leaders are selected fr a tw-year term t develp and perfrm prjects fcused n envirnmental cnservatin, climate actin, and green innvatin. They receive guidance, funding, and glbal netwrking pprtunities. T qualify, candidates must first cmplete the Green Innvatrs Btcamp.
The Green Innvatrs Btcamp is a three-week virtual training prgram held annually in March. Sessins cver tpics like renewable energy, waste management, and cmmunity engagement. Live participatin is encuraged, but recrdings are available n the UNYEL platfrm. Weekly assignments invlve designing mini-prjects cnsistent with the UN’s Sustainable Develpment Gals (SDGs) . The prgram targets individuals aged 15–22. After cmpleting the btcamp, candidates must submit a detailed prpsal fr an envirnmental prject they intend t lead if chsen as a UNYEL.
Graduates f the Green Innvatrs Btcamp are well-prepared t tackle real-wrld envirnmental challenges. They gain practical skills and knwledge that enable them t create influential prjects. The btcamp als fsters a sense f glbal cmmunity amng participants, wh share ideas and cllabrate acrss brders. Successful prpsals ften fcus n innvative slutins such as cmmunity-based renewable energy systems, sustainable agriculture practices, r initiatives t reduce pllutin. The UNYEL initiative nt nly supprts individual grwth but als prmtes cllective actin twards a greener future.
Qualificatins:
· At least six times f vlunteer r prfessinal experience.
· Strng teamwrk and prblem-slving abilities.
· Demnstrated passin fr envirnmental advcacy.
· Willingness t cperate with internatinal partners.
· Fluency in English.
21. Selected UNYEL leaders can ________.
A. attend live r recrded training prgrams
B. cmplete Green Innvatrs Btcamp vluntarily
C. receive guidance and funding frm glbal netwrking
D. develp and cnduct prjects n envirnmental sustainability
22. Which f the fllwing qualificatins is mentined fr the UNYEL initiative?
A. Willingness t create influential prjects. B. Fluency in bth English and ther languages.
C. Strng teamwrk and prblem-slving abilities. D. At least a six-week vlunteer r prfessinal experience.
23. What is the pssible benefit f UNYEL initiative?
A. Facilitating cllective actin. B. Demnstrating individual passin.
C. Fstering yungsters independence. D. Prviding funds fr envirnmental prjects.
B
When I was a child, an artist lived in the wds at the far end f the street where I lived with my parents. I was always tld nt t adventure int thse wds, which, naturally, arused my curisity endlessly. His name was Jacques. They said he was a “mad artist,” crazy and mean and he had a dg, wh he kept tied t a tree with a very lng rpe s that n ne culd cme near. I knew that part wasn’t true because I spent hurs in thse wds and never saw a dg r heard any barking.
Jacques had a very unique artistic technique, nt a “mdern” artist, nt “abstract” r “impressinist” r any ther art frm f which I admittedly knw little. His was, in my descriptin, “imaginary mvement, ” r “nt s still life” if ne can imagine such an art frm.
I used t slip int thse wds and watch Jacques fr hurs as I std unnticed amng the shadws f huge trees in sunlight at the windw f the shabby wden hut that was his studi. I was always fascinated t watch him and was especially excited when he began a new painting.
When he began a new painting, he always seemed t have an angry frwn n his face. Then, his expressin wuld change frm angry t deep cncentratin as if his whle being was smehw pulled inside himself and the utside wrld disappeared.
Afterward, he wuld lk at the painting again and then mve t the side, make a half-turn, and make a dramatic bw t an invisible audience as if he had been watched during the entire perid f creatin.
I had watched him g thrugh this entire prcedure, frm start t finish, n mre ccasins than I can cunt, each time astnished by the amazing result f his precisin. But there was ne time, actually, the last time I watched him, as he stepped away frm the canvas (画布), I was cmpletely cnfused t see that the figure in the painting stared back at me, like a perfect mirrr f me in my current disbelief, s clearly reflected n the canvas, it was chilling. Hw culd he have caught what was nt present when he didn’t even knw I was there?
Or did he?
24. Why was the authr always tld nt t g int the wds?
A. The wds were at the far end f the street. B. Jacques had a dg running wild in the wds.
C. Jacques was cnsidered dangerus and unkind. D. The wds were dangerus because f wild animals.
25. Which wrds can be used t describe Jacques?
A. Fcused and dd. B. Angry and frustrated. C. Scial and impressive. D. Scared and bad-tempered.
26. What can be inferred frm the authr’s cnfusin?
A. The authr had already predicted the cntent f the painting.
B. The painting’s mirrr-like effect was due t a technical errr.
C. Jacques might have been aware f the authr’s presence all alng.
D. Jacques intentinally painted the authr’s reflectin t frighten him.
27. What can we learn frm this passage?
A. Art speaks where wrds fail. B. Art reveals the unseen bserver.
C. Art lightens truths that canvas cannt carry. D. Art bridges the gap between reality and imaginatin.
C
It is late at night. Yu are alne and wandering empty streets in search f yur parked car when yu hear ftsteps creeping up frm behind. Yur heart punds; yur bld pressure skyrckets. Yur stmach knts, and yur muscles curve, ready t sprint r fight.
Experiences like this reveal the tight integratin between brain and bdy in the creatin f mind — thughts, perceptins, feelings and persnality unique t each f us. The brain gives mst peple a vivid sensry cgnitin f the wrld. But thse wh might attempt t preserve their mind by uplading its data int a cmputer miss a critical pint: “The bdy is essential t the mind.”
Hw is this crucial brain-bdy cnnectin rchestrated? The answer invlves the very unusual vagus nerve (迷走神经). The lngest nerve in the bdy, it winds its way frm the brain thrughut the head and trunk, issuing cmmands t ur rgans and receiving sensatins frm them. Much f the puzzling range f functins it regulates, such as md, learning, and fear, are autmatic and perate withut cnscius cntrl. The vagus nerve is the cnduit f the mind.
The mst vigrus current research invlves stimulating this nerve with electricity t enhance cgnitin and memry and fr a variety f therapies fr neurlgical (神经学) and psychlgical disrders. But hw culd stimulating a single nerve ptentially have such wide-ranging psychlgical and cgnitive benefits? T understand this, we must understand the vagus nerve itself.
The vagus nerve cnnects the brainstem t the bdy's rgans. Signals between the brainstem and the bdy travel up and dwn the nerve t twist yur gut (肠道) fr digestin, rganize yur immune system, pace yur heart, and dial yur bld pressure up and dwn.
Its influence ges beynd basic life supprt. The vagus nerve is critical t generating mind by integrating the brain and bdy. Chking is terrifying because death culd be mere minutes away. That heightened mental state is dependent n signals cming frm the bdy — the inability t breathe r swallw — and the vagus nerve bth senses and cntrls the chking respnse. Many ther mental states depend n the mind-bdy cnnectin that invlves infrmatin ging t the brain and ut f the brain. The vagus nerve is that cnnectin. Its length and widespread nature thrughut the brain as well as the bdy allw it t crdinate such diverse bdily functins in a way that independent nerves culd nt.
28. The first paragraph is t ________.
A. make an assumptin B. intrduce the tpic C. highlight an pinin D. illustrate an argument
29. What des the wrd “cnduit” underlined in Paragraph 3 prbably mean?
A. Circle. B. Pathway. C. Clue. D. Tl.
30. The vagus nerve crdinates bdily functins mainly due t its ________.
A. cnscius regulatin ability B. exclusive cntrl f digestin
C. direct link t mental disrders D. length and widespread distributin
31. It is implied in this passage that the vagus nerve ________.
A. cntributes greatly t the generatin f mind B. regulates bdy and brain respnses separately
C. cnnects rgans and receives cmmands frm them D. stimulates electricity t enhance cgnitin and memry
D
In an article published n July 1st in Nature Medicine, Dr Herr and his team at MIT describe seven peple with belw-the-knee amputatins (截肢) wh can nw walk nrmally with the help f surgery and new rbtic prstheses (假肢). Fr the first time, Dr Herr says, peple have been able t walk with binic legs — mechanical prstheses that mimic their bilgical cunterparts — that can be fully cntrlled by their brains.
As the mst imprtant muscles in a cmplete leg cme in pairs, s that ne muscle can stretch while the ther cntracts, the gal f Dr Herr's prcedure was t replicate (复制) this structure in thse wh had undergne amputatins. The surgery, therefre, invlved sewing tgether the ends f tw sets f leg muscles in the remaining part f the participants’ legs. Each f these new cnnectins frms a s-called agnist-antagnist myneural interface, r AMI. This, in effect, replicates the mechanisms necessary fr mvement as well as the perceptin f the limb's psitin in space. Traditinal amputatins, in cntrast, create n such pairings in place f the nes remved.
Dr Herr's team then gave each f the participants a battery-pwered prsthesis develped in their lab, alng with a small electrical cntrller. The prsthesis was cnnected t the AMI by electrdes n the skin, such that the cntrller culd pick up the AMI muscle mvements and translate them t mvement in the prsthesis.
Once the rbtic leg was linked t the AMI, nerve signals travelling frm the brain t the muscles and back allwed the participants t have full cntrl f their new legs. Thugh prstheses cntrlled by nerve signals have been designed befre, these were typically nly cntrlled by the participants' brains during certain mvements, such as when the ft was ff the grund, in the “swing phase” f walking. But in the latest study the participants were in charge at all times. “N previus study was able t shw this level f brain cntrl, ” says Dr Herr.
Dr Herr's “prmising and beautiful” apprach culd be the end gal fr belw-the-knee amputatins. But it remains t be seen if it culd achieve similar results fr peple with amputatins invlving knees r upper-bdy limbs. Nr will everyne be able t get the AMIs they need. Decades after his amputatin, Dr Herr has nly enugh muscle mass t cnstruct an AMI fr a rbtic ankle, but nt a whle rbtic ft. He says he is cnsidering it regardless. Even if he cannt get the full effect, it may prve a sensible step.
32. What is the purpse f creating AMI during the surgery?
A. T reduce the risk f infectin in amputees. B. T cnnect the prsthesis directly t the electrdes.
C. T sew tgether the ends f tw sets f leg muscles. D. T replicate the muscle pairing mechanism f cmplete legs.
33. What can we learn frm the passage?
A. Dr Herr is determined t further his research.
B. Everyne will be able t get the AMIs they need.
C. Prstheses cntrlled by nerve signals is a new design.
D. Rbtic Prsthesis is suitable fr peple with upper-bdy amputatin.
34. Which wuld be the best title fr the passage?
A. AMI Muscle Mvements B. Belw-The-Knee Amputatins
C. The Full Brain-Cntrlled Binic Legs D. The Rapid Develpment f Prstheses
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In a rapidly changing wrld, the cncept f a jb fr life has becme as rare as a dial-up internet cnnectin. This shift frm stable, lng-term emplyment and single-emplyer careers t a wrld where frequent jb changes are the nrm cmes directly frm glbalizatin, rapid technlgical advancements and the changing ideas abut wrk.
____35____ This has made jb markets fiercely cmpetitive and talent and pprtunities in the labr market mre diverse and digitally accessible. Jbs can be widely publicized and explred nline and are n lnger tied t yur city f birth.
The jb market is transfrming, with new careers emerging as autmatin and artificial intelligence (AI) advances. Advanced sftware in banking and finance means data analysis can be autmated. ____36____ These changes highlight the need fr prfessinals t update their skills and adapt t a technlgically evlving jb market.
Career paths have becme fluid and multi-directinal. ____37____ It’s abut explring different paths switching jbs and industries and smetimes even venturing int freelancing and the gig ecnmy.
Hw are emplyers cping with this shift? Emplyers are rethinking strategies fr career develpment with emphasis n prviding diverse and flexible career pprtunities, supprting cntinuus learning, and acknwledging uncnventinal career paths. ____38___
And fr the individuals stepping int the wrkfrce, the message is clear. Take charge f yur career develpment. ____39____ Make preparatin t navigate thrugh transitins and uncertainties. In these dynamic career landscapes, adaptability and resilience are yur best allies that help yu craft a fulfilling, meaningful career.
A. It’s n lnger just abut getting a regular paycheck.
B. Rapid technlgical advancements can’t be ignred.
C. Risks and price plicies can be efficiently assessed using AI.
D. They want t balance their wrk and life in a changing wrld.
E. Be ptimistic, embrace change, and cntinually update yur skills.
F. Glbalizatin has turned the wrld ecnmy int a giant, intercnnected web.
G. This apprach is a strategy t attract talent in a highly cmpetitive jb market.
第二节 (20分)
假设你是红星中学的学生会主席李华，你校将举办“读书节”主题活动，请你用英文写一封电子邮件，邀请国际部交换生 Jim参加，内容包括：
1. 活动安排；
2. 邀请理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
Best regards,
Li Hua
北京市大兴区2024-2025学年高二下学期期中检测英语试题
1—5. BDCBA 6—10. DCABC
11. t prvide 12. invlves 13. highly14. rde 15. raising 16. what 17. determinatin
18. is knwn 19. which 20. its
21—23. DCA 24—27. CACB 28—31. BBDA 32—35. DAC 35—39. FCAGE
One pssible versin:
Dear Jim,
I’m Li Hua, president f the Student Unin at Hngxing High Schl. Our schl will hst a Reading Festival next week, and I’m writing t invite yu t jin us.
The festival includes varius activities such as bk-sharing sessins, petry readings, and discussins n classic literature. There will als be a pp-up bk fair where students can exchange bks and explre different cultures thrugh reading.
We wuld lve fr yu t take part because yur unique perspective as an internatinal student will enrich ur discussins and help prmte cultural exchange. Yur insights int English literature wuld be especially valuable.
Lking frward t seeing yu there!
Best regards,
Li Hua