Unit 3 Same or Different语境学单词 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册 学案

这是一份Unit 3 Same or Different语境学单词 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册 学案，共16页。
Unit 3 Same or Different?语境学单词Section ASection B单词及音标词性及中文意思核心考点语境学用法compare/kəmˈpeə(r)/v. 比较；对比compare...with...（与……比较）compare...to...（把……比作……）老师让我们比较这两篇文章的异同。The teacher asks us to compare the two articles.诗人把孩子的眼睛比作星星。The poet compares children’s eyes to stars.shy/ʃaɪ/adj. 害羞的be shy of doing sth.（做某事害羞）反义词：outgoing（外向的）她在陌生人面前总是很害羞。She is always shy in front of strangers.别害羞，大胆说出你的想法！Don’t be shy—speak out your ideas!lazy/ˈleɪzi/adj. 懒惰的；懒洋洋的比较级：lazier；最高级：laziestbe lazy about sth.（对某事偷懒）他懒得连书都不想读。He is too lazy to read books.猫咪在沙发上懒洋洋地晒太阳。The cat is lying lazy in the sun on the sofa.loud/laʊd/adv. 响亮地adj. 大声的副词修饰动词，形容词修饰名词近义词：noisy（吵闹的）她大声朗读课文，声音清晰。She reads the text aloud (loudly).公共场所不要大声喧哗。Don’t make loud noises in public places.outgoing/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/adj. 外向的反义词：shy（害羞的）an outgoing girl（一个外向的女孩）我的同桌很外向，朋友很多。My deskmate is outgoing and has many friends.外向的人更容易适应新环境。Outgoing people adapt to new environments more easily.hard-working/ˈhɑːd ˈwɜːkɪŋ/adj. 勤奋的反义词：lazy（懒惰的）他每天学习到深夜，非常勤奋。He studies late into the night and is very hard-working.勤奋的学生更容易取得好成绩。Hard-working students are more likely to get good grades.perform/pəˈfɔːm/v. 表演；执行perform a task（执行任务）perform on stage（登台表演）乐队在晚会上表演了一首流行歌曲。The band performed a pop song at the party.机器人能精准执行复杂的指令。Robots can perform complex instructions accurately.solve/sɒlv/v. 解决；解答名词：solution（解决方案）solve a problem（解决问题）我们需要找到办法解决这个难题。We need to find ways to solve this difficult problem.数学老师教会我们用公式解答应用题。The math teacher teaches us to solve word problems with formulas.flute/fluːt/n. 长笛乐器类名词，前加定冠词theplay the flute（吹长笛）她从小学习长笛，现在已经八级了。She has learned to play the flute since childhood and is now at grade 8.长笛的声音清脆悦耳，深受大家喜爱。The clear and sweet sound of the flute is loved by many.congratulation/kənˌɡrætʃuˈleɪʃn/n. 祝贺；恭喜常用复数形式congratulations核心句型：Congratulations (on ...)!恭喜你在比赛中获得冠军！Congratulations on winning the championship in the competition!我们向她送去了诚挚的祝贺。We sent her sincere congratulations.prize/praɪz/n. 奖；奖励win a prize（获奖）prize money（奖金）他凭借优秀的作品获得了一等奖。He won the first prize with his excellent work.这个奖项是对他努力的肯定。This prize is an affirmation of his efforts.attend/əˈtend/v. 参加；出席近义词：take part in（参加活动）attend school（上学）我们全班同学都参加了毕业典礼。All my classmates attended the graduation ceremony.他因生病未能出席昨天的会议。He failed to attend yesterday’s meeting due to illness.as...as...像……一样同级比较结构，中间用形容词/副词原级否定形式：not as...as...（不如……）她和她姐姐一样高。She is as tall as her sister.这个问题不如那个问题难。This problem is not as difficult as that one.besides/bɪˈsaɪdz/prep. 除……外（还）adv. 而且区别：besides（除……外还有）vs. except（除……外没有）adv. 用于补充说明除了英语，她还会说法语。Besides English, she can also speak French.今天天气很好，而且我们没有课。The weather is fine today, besides, we have no classes.spare/speə(r)/adj. 空闲的；备用的v. 抽出；拨出spare time（空闲时间）spare no effort（不遗余力）他在空闲时间喜欢阅读和画画。He likes reading and painting in his spare time.请抽出几分钟时间填写这份问卷。Please spare a few minutes to fill out this questionnaire.pleasure/ˈpleʒə(r)/n. 乐事；愉快；荣幸常用句型：It’s a pleasure to do sth.（做某事是荣幸）派生词：pleasant（adj. 宜人的）能帮助你是我的荣幸。It’s a pleasure to help you.旅行带给我们很多快乐和美好的回忆。Travel brings us a lot of pleasure and good memories.have sth in common有共同之处固定短语，后接名词/代词反义词：have nothing in common（无共同之处）尽管他们年龄不同，却有很多共同爱好。Although they are of different ages, they have a lot in common.这两部电影在主题上有共同之处。The two movies have something in common in theme.appearance/əˈpærəns/n. 外表；露面judge by appearance（以貌取人）她的外表看起来很严肃，但内心很热情。Her appearance looks serious, but she is warm-hearted inside.他的突然露面让所有人都很惊讶。His sudden appearance surprised everyone.personality/ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/n. 性格；品质形容词：personal（个人的）a strong personality（个性鲜明）她的性格开朗，总是充满活力。She has a cheerful personality and is always full of energy.性格相似的人更容易成为朋友。People with similar personalities are more likely to become friends.serious/ˈsɪəriəs/adj. 严肃的；严重的比较级：more serious；最高级：most seriousbe serious about（认真对待）老师严肃地告诉我们要遵守规则。The teacher seriously told us to follow the rules.环境污染是一个严重的全球性问题。Environmental pollution is a serious global problem.strength/streŋθ/n. 优势；力量反义词：weakness（弱点）strengths and weaknesses（优缺点）团队合作是我们最大的优势。Teamwork is our greatest strength.每个人都有自己的优点和不足。Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses.fact/fækt/n. 事实；现实in fact（事实上）事实上，他并没有真正理解这个问题。In fact, he didn’t really understand the problem.我们应该根据事实做出判断。We should make judgments based on facts.slim/slɪm/adj. 苗条的；薄的比较级：slimmer；最高级：slimmest近义词：thin（瘦的）她通过锻炼和健康饮食保持苗条身材。She keeps a slim figure through exercise and a healthy diet.这本字典很薄，方便携带。This dictionary is slim and easy to carry.population/ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/n. 人口核心用法：the population of...（……的人口）提问用what，不用how many中国的人口约为14亿。The population of China is about 1.4 billion.这个城市的人口在过去十年增长了20%。The city’s population has increased by 20% in the past decade.km/ˈkɪləmiːtər/n. 千米；公里全称：kilometre/kilometer5 km away（5公里远）学校离我家大约3公里。The school is about 3 km away from my home.马拉松比赛全长约42.195公里。The marathon is about 42.195 kilometres long.average/ˈævərɪdʒ/adj. 平均的；平常的on average（平均而言）average score（平均分）这里的平均气温在20摄氏度左右。The average temperature here is about 20 degrees Celsius.他的平均分在班级里名列前茅。His average score is among the top in the class.rainfall/ˈreɪnfɔːl/n. 降雨量不可数名词，常与high/low搭配搭配：annual rainfall（年降雨量）南方的降雨量通常比北方多。The rainfall in the south is usually higher than that in the north.今年的降雨量不足，导致农作物减产。This year’s low rainfall has led to a reduction in crop yields.per /pə(r)/prep. 每表示“每……”，后接单数名词搭配：per day（每天）/per person（每人）这个项目每人需要提交一份报告。Each person needs to submit a report per project.汽车限速为每小时60公里。The speed limit is 60 km per hour.mm/ˈmɪlɪmiːtər/n. 毫米全称：millimetre/millimeter常用作单位：10 mm=1 cm这张纸的厚度约为0.1毫米。The thickness of this paper is about 0.1 millimeters.降雨量以毫米为单位测量。Rainfall is measured in millimeters.pleasant/ˈpleznt/adj. 宜人的；友好的近义词：pleasing（令人愉快的）pleasant weather（宜人的天气）春天的天气温暖宜人，适合出游。The weather in spring is warm and pleasant, suitable for outings.她总是带着友好的微笑，让人感觉很亲切。She always wears a pleasant smile, making people feel warm.单词及音标词性及中文意思核心考点语境学用法alike/əˈlaɪk/adj. 相像的adv. 相似地形容词作表语，不用作定语look alike（看起来相像）这对双胞胎姐妹长得非常相像。The twin sisters look very alike.他们的想法相似，很快达成了共识。Their ideas are alike, and they reached a consensus quickly.mirror/ˈmɪrə(r)/n. 镜子look in the mirror（照镜子）她对着镜子整理头发。She tidies her hair in front of the mirror.生活就像一面镜子，你对它微笑，它也会对你微笑。Life is like a mirror; smile at it, and it will smile back.interest/ˈɪntrəst/n. 业余爱好；兴趣v. 使感兴趣show interest in（对……表现出兴趣）派生词：interested（adj. 感兴趣的）他对科学有着浓厚的兴趣。He has a strong interest in science.这个故事的情节很有趣，吸引了很多读者。The plot of the story interests many readers.novel/ˈnɒvl/n. 小说近义词：fiction（虚构小说）read a novel（读小说）她最喜欢的小说是《傲慢与偏见》。Her favorite novel is Pride and Prejudice.这部小说以19世纪的英国为背景。This novel is set in 19th-century England.difference/ˈdɪfrəns/n. 差异形容词：different（不同的）make a difference（有影响）城乡之间的差异正在逐渐缩小。The difference between urban and rural areas is gradually narrowing.一点点的努力也能带来很大的不同。A little effort can make a big difference.sense/sens/n. 理解力；感觉sense of humor（幽默感）sense of responsibility（责任感）他的幽默感让课堂充满欢乐。His sense of humor fills the classroom with joy.我们应该培养自己的环保意识。We should develop our sense of environmental protection.humour/ˈhjuːmə(r)/n. 幽默；幽默感美式拼写：humor have a sense of humour（有幽默感）她的演讲充满幽默，深受听众喜爱。Her speech is full of humour and loved by the audience.幽默是缓解压力的好方法。Humour is a good way to relieve stress.thanks to归功于；由于；因为后接名词/动名词，表原因近义词：because of（因为）多亏了老师的帮助，我通过了考试。Thanks to the teacher’s help, I passed the exam.由于天气恶劣，比赛不得不推迟。Thanks to the bad weather, the game had to be postponed.less/les/adj. 较少的；更少的adv. 较少地；更少地比较级：less（更少）vs. more（更多）less than（少于）她每天花更少的时间玩游戏，更多时间学习。She spends less time playing games and more time studying every day.这个盒子里的糖果比那个盒子里的少。There are less candies in this box than in that one.straightforward/ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/adj. 坦率的；简单的近义词：direct（直接的）反义词：complicated（复杂的）他是个坦率的人，总是直言不讳。He is a straightforward person and always speaks his mind.这个问题的解决方法简单直接。The solution to this problem is straightforward.opinion/əˈpɪnjən/n. 看法；意见in one’s opinion（在某人看来）近义词：view（观点）在我看来，阅读是最好的学习方式。In my opinion, reading is the best way to learn.我们应该尊重每个人的意见。We should respect everyone’s opinion.make a mistake犯错误复数形式：make mistakes correct a mistake（纠正错误）每个人都会犯错，重要的是学会改正。Everyone makes mistakes, and the key is to learn to correct them.他在计算中犯了一个低级错误。He made a simple mistake in the calculation.honest/ˈɒnɪst/adj. 坦诚的；诚实的反义词：dishonest（不诚实的）be honest with sb.（对某人坦诚）我们应该诚实对待自己的错误。We should be honest about our mistakes.他是一个诚实可靠的朋友。He is an honest and reliable friend.direct/dɪˈrekt; daɪˈrekt/adj. 率直的；直接的副词：directly（直接地）direct speech（直接引语）她说话很直接，从不拐弯抹角。She speaks directly and never beats around the bush.这是通往机场的直达列车。This is a direct train to the airport.similarity/ˌsɪməˈlærəti/n. 相似之处复数：similarities反义词：difference（差异）这两个地区在文化上有很多相似之处。There are many similarities in culture between the two regions.尽管语言不同，人类的情感有很多相似点。Despite different languages, human emotions have many similarities.friendship/ˈfrendʃɪp/n. 友谊；友情不可数名词，可加不定冠词表“一段友谊”build friendship（建立友谊）他们的友谊已经持续了二十年。Their friendship has lasted for twenty years.共同的爱好是建立友谊的基础。Shared hobbies are the foundation of building friendship.metre/ˈmiːtər/n. 米美式拼写：meter100 metres（100米）游泳池的深度是2米。The depth of the swimming pool is 2 metres.他在100米赛跑中打破了学校纪录。He broke the school record in the 100-metre race.prince/prɪns/n. 王子对应词：princess（公主）prince charming（白马王子）童话故事里的王子总是勇敢而善良。The prince in fairy tales is always brave and kind.他梦想成为一名拯救世界的王子。He dreams of being a prince who saves the world.character/ˈkærəktə(r)/n. 人物；个性常见搭配：main character（主角）派生词：characteristic（n. 特征）这部小说的人物形象非常鲜明。The characters in this novel are very vivid.他的个性坚韧，面对困难从不退缩。His character is tough, and he never shrinks from difficulties.pauper/ˈpɔːpə(r)/n. 贫民；乞丐反义词：prince（王子）prince and pauper（王子与贫儿）故事讲述了一个王子和贫儿互换身份的经历。The story tells of a prince and a pauper who swap identities.即使身为贫民，他依然保持乐观的心态。Even as a pauper, he still keeps an optimistic attitude.exchange/ɪksˈtʃeɪndʒ/v.&n. 交换exchange student（交换生）exchange ideas（交换想法）我们在班会课上交换了学习经验。We exchanged learning experiences in the class meeting.他作为交换生去美国学习了一年。He studied in the US as an exchange student for a year.accident/ˈæksɪdənt/n. 意外；（交通）事故by accident（偶然）traffic accident（交通事故）昨天的交通事故导致两人受伤。Yesterday’s traffic accident caused two people to be injured.我偶然在书店遇到了多年未见的朋友。I met a friend I hadn’t seen for years by accident in the bookstore.expect /ɪkˈspekt/v. 预料；期待expect to do sth.（期待做某事）expect sb. to do sth.（期望某人做某事）我们期待着暑假的到来。We are expecting the arrival of the summer vacation.父母期望我考上理想的高中。My parents expect me to enter my ideal high school.silver /ˈsɪlvə(r)/adj. 银色的n. 银silver lining（一线光明）silver medal（银牌）月亮在夜空中闪烁着银色的光芒。The moon shines with a silver light in the night sky.即使在困境中，也要看到一线希望。Even in difficulties, look for a silver lining.situation /ˌsɪtʃuˈeɪʃn/n. 情况；状况in a difficult situation（处于困境）近义词：condition（状况）我们需要根据实际情况制定计划。We need to make plans according to the actual situation.面对紧急情况，保持冷静是关键。Staying calm is key when facing an emergency situation.care about关心；担心后接名词/动名词近义词：be concerned about（关心）父母总是关心我们的健康和学习。Parents always care about our health and study.他从不关心别人的看法，只做自己认为对的事。He never cares about others’ opinions and only does what he thinks is right.reach /riːtʃ/v. 伸手；达到reach for（伸手触碰）reach a goal（达成目标）他伸手去拿书架上的书。He reached for the book on the bookshelf.我们的目标是在月底前完成项目。Our goal is to reach the completion of the project by the end of the month.touch /tʌtʃ/v. 触动；触碰感官动词：touch + 形容词（摸起来……）她的故事深深触动了在场的每一个人。Her story touched everyone present deeply.这种布料摸起来很柔软。This fabric touches soft.lend (sb) a hand帮助（某人）同义短语：give (sb) a handlend a hand with sth.（帮忙做某事）当朋友遇到困难时，我们应该伸出援手。We should lend a hand when friends are in trouble.请帮我搬一下这个箱子，它太重了。Please lend me a hand with this box—it’s too heavy.