2025届河南省名校学术联盟高三下学期模拟冲刺英语试题（解析版）

这是一份2025届河南省名校学术联盟高三下学期模拟冲刺英语试题（解析版），共23页。试卷主要包含了 15等内容，欢迎下载使用。
全卷满分150分 考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例: Hw much is the shirt?
A. £19. 15. B. £9. 18. C. £9. 15.
答案是 C。
1. What kind f beefsteak wuld the man like?
A. Medium rare ne. B. Medium ne. C. Well dne ne.
2. What is the man ding nw?
A. Making a call. B. Making a bid. C. Applying a bid.
3. What's the wman's last name?
A. Nangng qing. B. Qing. C. Nangng.
4. What des the man want t d?
A. Make a reservatin. B. Buy a restaurant. C. Change a rm.
5. What will the man prbably wear?
A. Blue pants. B. White cat. C. Shrts.
第二节 (共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why des the man read the bk written by Brnte Sisters?
A. He likes reading. B. He likes Jane Eyre. C. He has t prepare a cntest.
7. Where des the cnversatin prbably take place?
A. In a library. B. In a classrm. C. In a bkstre.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What kind f music des the wman like best?
A. Jazz music. B. Rck music. C. Light music.
9. What will the speakers d?
A. Buy a recrd. B. G t a cncert. C. Buy tickets.
10. Wh is the manager f the theatre?
A. Lily. B. Mark. C. Jim.
听第8段材料，回答第11 至13题。
11. What's the relatinship between the tw speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Clleagues. C. Friends.
12. What will the tw speakers buy cnsidering the budget?
A. Carpets. B. Curtains. C. Wallpapers.
13. What clr will the speakers' bedrm be?
A. White. B. Pink. C. Purple.
听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。
14. What des the wman really want t d?
A. She wants a higher salary. B. She wants t resign. C. She wants a jb-prmtin.
15. Hw is the sales perfrmance?
A. Excellent. B. Just s-s. C. Pr.
16. What is the wman's attitude t the man's decisin?
A. Disappinted. B. Satisfied. C. Oppsed.
听第10段材料，回答第17 至20题。
17. What is William?
A. A dctr. B. A nurse. C. A patient.
18. Hw many peple can visit the patient at the same time?
A. Three. B. Tw. C. One.
19. When can a man visit the patient?
A. At 6: 00 p. m. B. At 4: 00 p. m. C. At 9: 00 a. m.
20. What is the text mainly abut?
A. An intrductin f the hspital.
B. A wrk schedule f medical staff.
C. An annuncement f hspital rules.
第二部分 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lift Off t Adulthd: 5-week wrkshp (研讨会) fr teens & their parents
Details abut this wrkshp:
The wrkshp will take place in my virtual studi every Tuesday, 10: 00 am-11: 00 am, frm Octber 8th t Nvember 5th. The cst is $395 fr all five weeks (nly $79/ week! ) and the ticket admits ne parent and ne teen. If a secnd parent r teen wuld like t jin, yu can add them n fr $45 mre when yu buy tickets.
Wh is this fr?
This wrkshp is fr teens and their parents! Hwever, it is kay if nly ne attends.
We are ging t wrk tgether t decrease the anxiety related t grwing up. Teens feel s much pressure. Parents get wrried and upset. Everyne is stressed ut, feeling the weight f the next big steps, and has truble cmmunicating. This wrkshp helps t identify the big difficulty in achieving future gals, and prvides exercises t help teens and their parents take the next steps.
When yu register fr a Lift Off Wrkshp, yu immediately get:
Access t the wrkshp website, the curse material, and an nline cmmunity.
An exercise befre we even begin.
5 ne-hur wrkshps that include the wrkshp cntent, which has a different fcus designed t help teens and their parents decrease anxiety and take next steps tgether, a hands-n activity that will bring awareness and actin steps and hmewrk if yu’d like t dive even deeper that week.
Wh is running this wrkshp?
Rya Dedeaux (that’s me!) brings a unique view t challenges and jys f parenting. I’m a licensed Marriage and Family Therapist (治疗师) . After a hme-schled educatin experience, I went n t get degrees in ther majrs. This alng with ten years f being a university prfessr s far allws me t create a warm, attractive space where yu can build a better cnnectin t yur teens thrugh creative techniques that imprve yur cnfidence and cmmunicatin.
1. What shuld the participating parents d?
A. Attend with their kids.B. G t the real classrm.
C. Have a ne-hur class a week.D. Pay fr a large membership fee.
2. What’s accessible if yu sign up?
A. Persnalized textbks.B. Flexible curse schedules.
C. Special every-week tests.D. In-depth after-class tasks.
3. What can we knw abut the hst Rya?
A. She can get n well with yung teenagers.
B. She has gt several prfessinal certificates.
C. She has wrked fr a schl fr a lng time.
D. She majrs in Marriage and Family Therapy.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个为青少年及其父母举办的为期5周的研讨会的相关信息，包括时间、费用、内容、参与人员以及举办者等。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Details abut this wrkshp部分中的“The wrkshp will take place in my virtual studi every Tuesday, 10: 00 am-11: 00 am, frm Octber 8th t Nvember 5th. (该研讨会将在我的虚拟工作室举行，每周二上午10:00-11:00，从10月8日到11月5日)”可知，参与的父母每周应上一小时课。故选C项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据When yu register fr a Lift Off Wrkshp, yu immediately get部分中的“a hands-n activity that will bring awareness and actin steps and hmewrk if yu’d like t dive even deeper that week. (动手活动将带来意识和行动步骤，如果你想在那一周更深入地学习，还有作业)”可知，注册后可以获得深入的课后任务。故选D项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Wh is running this wrkshp部分中的“Rya Dedeaux (that’s me!) brings a unique view t challenges and jys f parenting.(Rya Dedeaux(就是我！)对养育孩子的挑战和乐趣有着独特的看法)”和“This alng with ten years f being a university prfessr s far allws me t create a warm, attractive space where yu can build a better cnnectin t yur teens thrugh creative techniques that imprve yur cnfidence and cmmunicatin.(此外，到目前为止，我做了十年的大学教授，这使我能够创造一个温暖、有吸引力的空间，在这里，你可以通过创造性的技巧与你的青少年建立更好的联系，提高你的信心和沟通能力)”可知，主持人Rya在学校工作了很长时间。故选C项。
B
My jb is t train rats t find landmines (地雷) s the dangers can be cleared t save lives. I wrk fr a Belgian nn-gvernmental rganizatin called App that perates frm Mrgr, in my hme cuntry f Tanzania. The rats I train are used in mine-clearing prgrams arund the wrld, including in Angla, Azerbaijan and Cambdia.
The animals we use are a species f African giant rat called Cricetmys ansrgeis. They are brn in sub-Saharan Africa and are the size f a small cat, which makes them easy t catch. They als live lnger than ther rats, which is helpful fr the prgram, because it takes between nine mnths and a year t train ne fully.
My clleagues and I use a methd called clicker training: we teach the rats t relate a click with a fd reward, and then use clicks t gradually reward behaviur. Rats are naturally curius, s they will explre, and their great sense f smell means they can find buried landmines.
T teach the rats what t lk fr, we place small amunts f TNT explsives (炸药) in sme tea eggs and mix them with sme filled with ther things. We reward the rats fr tuching these, then mve n t reward them nly when they tuch a tea egg filled with explsives, rather than nes filled with ther things, such as hair, flwers and s n. The rats need t perfrm perfectly at each stage f training befre they mve t the next stage. In the final stage, we use real landmines in a training field.
As trainers, we build a cnnectin with the rats we train. Sme are slw learners; thers knw the prcess very quickly. Mst f the rats make it thrugh, eventually. I wrk with ur resident scientist t cntinually fllw and imprve ur training prgram, because the rats are s clever that they can be smarter than the trainers!
4. Why were Cricetmys ansrgeis chsen fr the prgram?
A. They can be seen cmmnly.
B. They’re easily accessible.
C. They’re quickly trained.
D. They live fr up t a year.
5. What’s the key f the training?
A. Making the rats explre actively.
B. Increasing the difficulty gradually.
C. Linking behavir and rewards.
D. Exercising rats sense f smell.
6. What can be inferred frm the training prcess?
A. Rats can find ut tea eggs with hair.
B. All rats perfrm perfectly.
C. Real landmines aren’t used in training.
D. The training wn’t stay the same.
7. Which is the best title fr the text?
A Hw I Train Rats t Find Explsives
B. Why Giant Rats Can Be Useful
C. Hw Rats Cntribute t Life-saving
D Why We Use Clickers t Train Rats
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己在一个非政府组织训练老鼠寻找地雷以帮助扫雷项目的故事。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“They are brn in sub-Saharan Africa and are the size f a small cat, which makes them easy t catch.(它们出生在撒哈拉以南非洲地区，体型像一只小猫，很容易被捕捉到。)”可知，这种鼠类体型接近猫，很容易被捕获，即它们很容易获得，这与B选项相符合。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中的“My clleagues and I use a methd called clicker training: we teach the rats t relate a click with a fd reward, and then use clicks t gradually reward behaviur.(我和我的同事们使用了一种称为响片训练的方法：我们教老鼠将咔哒声与食物奖励联系起来，然后用咔哒声来逐渐奖励行为。)”可知，作者及其同事教老鼠把咔哒声和实物奖励联系起来，这样老鼠就会主动探索并利用灵敏的嗅觉找出地雷，由此可以推断训练的关键是把行为和奖励联系起来，这与C选项相符合。故选C。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I wrk with ur resident scientist t cntinually fllw and imprve ur training prgram, because the rats are s clever that they can be smarter than the trainers!(我与我们的常驻科学家合作，不断跟踪和改进我们的训练计划，因为老鼠非常聪明，可以比训练员更聪明！)”可知，作者和同事仍在不断跟踪和改进训练计划，由此可推断训练不是一成不变的，这与D选项相符合。故选D。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段首句“My jb is t train rats t find landmines(地雷) s the dangers can be cleared t save lives.(我的工作是训练老鼠寻找地雷，这样就可以清除危险，挽救生命。)”可知，第一段介绍了作者的工作是训练老鼠扫雷；根据第二段首句“The animals we use are a species f African giant rat called Cricetmys ansrgeis.(我们使用的动物是一种非洲大鼠，叫做Cricetmys ansrgeis。)”可知，第二段介绍了选用老鼠的特征；最后三段介绍了训练方法、训练流程、训练情况等。由此可推测出，文章主要介绍了作者训练老鼠寻找炸药的方法和过程，A选项“我是如何训练老鼠寻找爆炸物的”适合作文章标题。故选A。
C
Peple cmmnly talk abut hw scial media is destrying culture, harming cultural identities and fueling culture wars. While many peple fcus n the harmful influence f scial media, I wuld like t draw attentin t the deep and intrinsic (内在的) cnnectin between the scial aspect and culture. It is essential t understand that the tw are intertwined. Fr a brand t be welcmed n scial platfrms, it’s necessary t have a firm grasp f culture and a deep understanding f the scial dynamics.
Last year, The Weber Shandwick Cllective, alng with scial agency That Lt, cnducted a study. The results shwed that culturally salient (显著的) campaigns have a remarkable impact n business perfrmance. Specifically, these campaigns are 53 percent mre likely t drive very large business effects and 2. 6 times mre likely t achieve very large prfit grwth. This clearly indicates that being culturally salient is nt just a desirable quality but an abslute necessity fr a brand.
Hwever, it’s challenging t understand what it means fr a brand t be a part f culture. In my view, there are three ways fr brands t achieve this. The first is by actively helping t shape culture. Secndly, by straddling (跨越) the gap f culture. That Lt’s wrk with Gregg’s was the perfect example f this. The third way is by flexibly reacting t cultural shifts.
S, what is being culturally salient? The truth is all three. But the starting pint is t identify a brand’s current right t play in the cultural stage, and this ften begins with its presence n scial platfrms. The first questin we pse t brands is where and when they want t have a presence n scial media.
We initially try t determine a brand’s psitin in culture. This invlves examining massive elements such as cmmunities, behavirs, trends, partners, influencers, and ther related aspects. All f these elements aim t ensure that the brand can establish meaningful cnnectins with bth new and existing audiences, thereby allwing it t have an apprpriate and valuable rle in the culture rather than frcing an uninvited entry.
8. Which can replace the underlined wrd “intertwined” in paragraph 1?
A. Cmbined.B. Hidden.C. Misunderstd.D. Welcmed.
9. What can we knw frm the study in paragraph 2?
A. Prfitable brands shuld emphasize culture.
B. Culture cmpanies are grwing fast nwadays.
C. Being culturally salient can attract investment.
D. Culture can make a cmpany mre cmpetitive.
10. Hw can a brand fit int culture?
A. By shaping the traditin f culture.B. By fcusing n cultural differences.
C. By seeking fr cperatin actively.D. By adapting t the change f culture.
11. Why shuld a brand cnduct a cmprehensive investigatin?
A. T determine its partners.B. T build links with custmers.
C. T dminate in the culture.D. T get int a culture quickly.
【答案】8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了品牌与文化的关系。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。由文章第一段中“While many peple fcus n the harmful influence f scial media, I wuld like t draw attentin t the deep and intrinsic (内在的) cnnectin between the scial aspect and culture. It is essential t understand that the tw are intertwined. Fr a brand t be welcmed n scial platfrms, it’s necessary t have a firm grasp f culture and a deep understanding f the scial dynamics. (尽管许多人关注社交媒体的负面影响，但我希望将人们的注意力引向社会层面与文化之间深刻而内在的联系上。理解这两者intertwined至关重要。一个品牌要想在社交平台上受到欢迎，就必须牢固掌握文化并深刻理解社会动态)”可知，一个品牌要想在社交平台上受到欢迎，就必须牢固掌握文化并深刻理解社会动态，所以这两者相互交织，intertwined的意思是“交织在一起的，紧密结合的”。与Cmbined“结合的”意思相近。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第二段中“The results shwed that culturally salient (显著的) campaigns have a remarkable impact n business perfrmance. Specifically, these campaigns are 53 percent mre likely t drive very large business effects and 2. 6 times mre likely t achieve very large prfit grwth. (研究结果表明，具有文化显著性的活动对商业表现有显著影响。具体来说，这些活动有53%的可能性产生非常大的商业效应，并且有2.6倍的可能性实现非常大的利润增长)”可知，具有文化显著性的活动可以显著提升商业表现和利润增长，这说明文化可以使公司更具竞争力。故选D。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Hwever, it’s challenging t understand what it means fr a brand t be a part f culture. In my view, there are three ways fr brands t achieve this. The first is by actively helping t shape culture. Secndly, by straddling (跨越) the gap f culture. That Lt’s wrk with Gregg’s was the perfect example f this. The third way is by flexibly reacting t cultural shifts. (然而，理解一个品牌如何成为文化的一部分颇具挑战。在我看来，品牌可以通过三种方式实现这一点。第一种是积极帮助塑造文化。第二种是跨越文化鸿沟。That Lt与Gregg的合作就是这方面的完美例子。第三种方式是灵活应对文化变迁)”可知，品牌可以通过适应文化的变化来融入文化。故选D。
【11题详解】
细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“This invlves examining massive elements such as cmmunities, behavirs, trends, partners, influencers, and ther related aspects. All f these elements aim t ensure that the brand can establish meaningful cnnectins with bth new and existing audiences, thereby allwing it t have an apprpriate and valuable rle in the culture rather than frcing an uninvited entry. (这涉及考察诸如社群、行为、趋势、合作伙伴、意见领袖以及其他相关方面等众多因素。所有这些元素都旨在确保品牌能够与新老受众建立有意义的联系，从而使其在文化中扮演适当且有价值的角色，而不是强行闯入)”可知，品牌进行全面调查的目的是为了与新老受众建立有意义的联系，即与客户建立联系。故选B。
D
Weight lss is nt just a medical phenmenn — it’s a scial ne, t. As researchers, we’re well aware that drastic weight lss can reshape peple’s scial lives and emtinal well-being in negative as well as psitive ways.
We traced the jurneys f 35 peple underging bariatric (减肥) surgery. The peple we wrked with experienced greater self-cnfidence, in additin t health benefits. But many als had t cpe with bth unpleasant physical side effects and mean judgments frm thers. We predict that peple wh take drugs t lse weight will be similarly affected by side effects and judged by thers, with cnsequences fr well-being and mental health.
Arund the glbe, slimmer bdies have becme assciated with a higher scial status. Thinness is als widely linked t gd health in ppular culture. At the same time, the stigma (污名) surrunding “fatness” is everywhere. There is als a widespread sci-cultural view that becming and staying thin shuld be achieved thrugh struggle and mrally valued dietary cntrl and exercise.
Mre than half f ur study participants didn’t tell peple ther than clse family that they were underging bariatric surgery, because they feared judgment. They had lst their physical weight, but they still carried the stigma f being labelled as lazy and undisciplined. Such judgment has many relevant emtinal and behaviral effects.
Taking steps t ensure that peple understand the physical and emtinal prs and cns f weight-lss drugs is crucial, t prevent sme unexpected negative scial and emtinal effects amng the millins f peple wh will take anti-besity drugs in the cming years.
In ur view, the widespread enthusiasm fr weight-lss drugs is nt just a slutin t a medical prblem — it’s als a respnse t deeply held, widespread fear and anxiety arund bdy weight. The stigma f being labelled by thers as fat can shape decisins t use weight-lss medicatins. But, as ur research with peple underging bariatric surgery shws, weight lss is nt that simple. It’s crucial that pharmaceutical (制药的) cmpanies, clinicians and researchers cnsider the emtinal aspect f decisin-making arund anti-besity drugs.
12. What can be inferred abut the bariatric surgery?
A. It has the same effects n mst peple.
B. It needs t be viewed in its entirety.
C It’s mre effective than taking drugs.
D. Its benefits utweigh the disadvantages.
13. Why were many participants unwilling t make their bariatric surgery in the pen?
A. They are lazy and undisciplined.
B. They may receive bad cmments.
C. The surgery has lts f side effects.
D. The surgery is unhelpful in lsing weight.
14. Hw shuld we minimize the negative effects f taking anti-besity drugs?
A. Predict negative impacts in the future.
B. Restrict peple frm taking these drugs.
C. Publicize their physical and mental effects.
D. Ensure that peple knw their health status.
15. What is the authr’s view n the ppularity f weight-lss drugs?
A. It arises frm weight anxiety.
B. It is a quick way t lse weight.
C. It’s gd fr remving the stigma.
D. It shuld be cnsidered simply.
【答案】12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出，减肥不仅是一种医学现象，还是一种社会现象，会对人们的社会生活和情绪健康产生影响，因此社会各方应当加大宣传减肥药在身体和心理层面上的多重影响。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“We traced the jurneys f 35 peple underging bariatric (减肥) surgery.The peple we wrked with experienced greater self-cnfidence, in additin t health benefits. But many als had t cpe with bth unpleasant physical side effects and mean judgments frm thers. (我们追踪了35名接受减肥手术的人的旅程。与我们一起工作的人不仅获得了健康上的益处，还获得了更大的自信。但许多人还必须应对令人不快的身体副作用和他人的刻薄评价)”可知，减肥手术不仅带来了健康益处和自信心的提升，同时也伴随着身体副作用和来自他人的负面评价。这表明减肥手术的影响是多方面的，需要被全面看待。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中“Mre than half f ur study participants didn’t tell peple ther than clse family that they were underging bariatric surgery, because they feared judgment. They had lst their physical weight, but they still carried the stigma f being labelled as lazy and undisciplined. (超过一半的研究参与者没有告诉近亲以外的人他们正在接受减肥手术，因为他们害怕被评判。他们的体重减轻了，但他们仍然背负着懒惰和散漫的耻辱)”可知，许多参与者不愿意公开是因为他们会收到负面的评论。故选B项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段“Taking steps t ensure that peple understand the physical and emtinal prs and cns f weight-lss drugs is crucial, t prevent sme unexpected negative scial and emtinal effects amng the millins f peple wh will take anti-besity drugs in the cming years. (采取措施确保人们了解减肥药在身体和情感上的利弊是至关重要的，以防止未来几年将服用减肥药的数百万人产生意想不到的负面的社会和情感影响)”可知，我们应该通过宣传减肥药物对身体和心理的影响，将其负面影响降到最低。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“In ur view, the widespread enthusiasm fr weight-lss drugs is nt just a slutin t a medical prblem — it’s als a respnse t deeply held, widespread fear and anxiety arund bdy weight. (在我们看来，对减肥药的广泛追捧不仅是为了解决医疗问题，也是对人们对体重根深蒂固、普遍存在的恐惧和焦虑的一种回应)”可推知，作者认为减重药物的流行源于对体重的焦虑。故选A项。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Mudslide and debris flw (泥石流) events are characterized by the rapid dwnhill mvement f sil, rcks and ther debris. Mudslides is a type f landslide that result frm the failure f a slpe, and ften ccurs due t the lng time rainfall._____16_____Therefre, mind evacuatin warnings immediately, which may ensure yur persnal and prperty safety. And understanding the causes f mudslides and debris flws is essential fr cmmunities situated in places.
____17____We shuld expect a crdinated (协调的) respnse, including search and rescue peratins, medical assistance and the establishment f emergency shelters. Wait until emergency fficials declare the area safe befre returning t yur hme. Take care f unstable grund, ptential structural damage and dangers.
The event culd cause envirnmental changes, including blcking rads. Cmmunity members shuld prepare fr ptential sheltering-in-place plan and cnsider evacuatin rutes. Challenges with transprtatin rutes als matter. The mvement f debris, including trees, can blck transprtatin and access t essential services. ____18____
After high-flw events, health dangers remain, including brken pwer lines, telephne lines and s n. ____19____ Understanding the gegraphical and envirnmental factrs cntributing t these events in the regin is crucial. This knwledge empwers individuals t make infrmed decisins abut where t live, wrk and recreate, cnsidering the ptential risks psed by natural dangers.
Mudslides and debris flws can easily knck ut critical facilities systems. ____20____ Fr thse wh require pwer fr medical needs, cntact yur lcal prviders fr the medical basic prgram which ffers early ntices f pssible pwer cut that give residents time t adjust emergency plans.
A. It includes rescue peratins.
B. They ften happen suddenly and fast.
C. It can ccur many years after wildfires.
D. Other risks include hidden sharp bjects.
E. Stay infrmed abut pssible pwer cuts in yur area.
F. Peple shuld plan fr ptential blck and have alternative rutes.
G. Pst-event, emergency services play a vital rle in respnse effrts.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. D 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山体滑坡和泥石流的成因、危害以及相关应对措施。
【16题详解】
根据空格后的句子“Therefre, mind evacuatin warnings immediately, which may ensure yur persnal and prperty safety.(因此，请立即注意疏散警告，这可能会确保您的人身和财产安全。)”可知，空格处的句子和下文是因果关系，空格处的句子应该说明为什么要注意疏散警告，所以，B项“They ften happen suddenly and fast.(它们经常突然而迅速地发生。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选B项。
【17题详解】
空格处是该段的主题句。根据下文的内容“We shuld expect a crdinated (协调的) respnse, including search and rescue peratins, medical assistance and the establishment f emergency shelters. Wait until emergency fficials declare the area safe befre returning t yur hme. Take care f unstable grund, ptential structural damage and dangers.(我们应该期待协调一致的反应，包括搜索和救援行动、医疗援助和建立紧急避难所。等到紧急官员宣布该地区安全后再返回家中。注意不稳定的地面，潜在的结构损坏和危险。)”可知，该段主要是说事后应急服务的重要性，所以，G项“Pst-event, emergency services play a vital rle in respnse effrts.(事件发生后，应急服务在应对工作中发挥着至关重要的作用。)”填入空格处，可以作为主题句，符合语境。故选G项。
【18题详解】
空格前的句子“The event culd cause envirnmental changes, including blcking rads. Cmmunity members shuld prepare fr ptential sheltering-in-place plan and cnsider evacuatin rutes. Challenges with transprtatin rutes als matter. The mvement f debris, including trees, can blck transprtatin and access t essential services.(该事件可能导致环境变化，包括道路堵塞。社区成员应该为潜在的就地避难计划做好准备，并考虑疏散路线。交通路线的挑战也很重要。包括树木在内的碎片移动可能会阻碍交通和基本服务的获取。)”主要是说泥石流很可能造成道路堵塞，空格处的句子应该提到怎样应对这种情况，所以，F项“Peple shuld plan fr ptential blck and have alternative rutes.(人们应该计划潜在的阻塞，并有替代路线。)”填入空格处，符合语境。故选F项。
【19题详解】
空格前的句子“After high-flw events, health dangers remain, including brken pwer lines, telephne lines and s n. (洪流事件发生后，健康危险仍然存在，包括电源线、电话线断裂等。)”是说洪流事件发生后存在的潜在危险。空格处的句子应该接着说其它的潜在危险，所以，D项“Other risks include hidden sharp bjects.(其他风险包括隐藏的尖锐物体。)”填入空格处，和上文是顺接关系，符合语境。故选D项。
【20题详解】
空格前的句子“Mudslides and debris flws can easily knck ut critical facilities systems.(山体滑坡和泥石流很容易摧毁关键设施系统。)”提到山体滑坡和泥石流很容易摧毁关键设施系统，空格处的句子应该提到怎样应对这一问题，所以，E项“Stay infrmed abut pssible pwer cuts in yur area.(随时了解你所在地区可能出现的停电情况。)”填入空格处，符合语境。且E项与下文的句子“Fr thse wh require pwer fr medical needs, cntact yur lcal prviders fr the medical basic prgram which ffers early ntices f pssible pwer cut that give residents time t adjust emergency plans.(对于那些因医疗需要需要电力的人，请与当地的医疗基础项目的供应商联系，该项目提供可能停电的早期通知，给居民时间调整应急计划。)”是顺接关系。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15 小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was the first tax-free weekend f the summer. It was ht utside and the mall was ____21____. It was my turn t stand at the frnt f ur stre, ____22____ hw many peple were inside, and ____23____ thse utside t wait their turn. It wasn’t my favrite task, but I was gd at it.
While ur stre mainly sells intimates (内衣), it als wns a ____24____ sprt brand. Therefre I wasn’t ____25____ when I let in a middle-aged cuple and they ____26____ called their teenage sn t let him knw we sld this brand. When the sn arrived, the dad ____27____ him t wait in line fr his turn because there were currently at largest ____28____.
There were many peple queuing up and I ____29____ that befre I culd let him inside it wuld be half an hur at ____30____. Just then, a custmer said, “There’s a kid in the line whse parents are waiting fr him inside. Can we let him ____31____ t the frnt?” The whle ____32____ quickly agreed, and he was t the frnt f the line, where he was able t ____33____ his parents.
Cnsidering all the ther ____34____ we endured that weekend and the ccasinal negativity and ____35____ f peple in the lines, seeing that peple were willing t let a teenage by be with his parents made that weekend a bit better.
21. A. dirtyB. crwdedC. quietD. messy
22. A. take care fB. get rid fC. keep cunt fD. keep ut f
23. A. allwB. guideC. driveD. inspire
24. A. ppularB. cmmnC. funnyD. scarce
25. A. excitedB. surprisedC. wrriedD. frightened
26. A. frequentlyB. prperlyC. gentlyD. immediately
27. A. frcedB. expectedC. instructedD. invited
28. A. capacityB. wayC. radD. adaptin
29. A. prpsedB. estimatedC. measuredD. stated
30. A. minimumB. willC. handD. bttm
31. A. gatherB. gainC. adjustD. cut
32. A. sideB. grundC. lineD. part
33. A. pleaseB. impactC. greetD. rejin
34. A. chasB. painC. silenceD. return
35. A. symblB. evidenceC. frustratinD. addictin
【答案】21. B 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在商场排队买东西的人群主动让一个小男孩插队到最前面与在商场里等候他的父母汇合的故事。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：外面很热，商场里很拥挤。A. dirty肮脏；B. crwded拥挤的；C. quiet安静的；D. messy凌乱的。根据下文的“thse utside t wait their turn”可知，商场里已经很拥挤了，所以一些人需要在外面排队等候。故选B项。
【22题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：轮到我站在店门口，数一数里面有多少人，然后引导外面人排队。A. take care f照顾；B. get rid f摆脱；C. keep cunt f知道……的确切数目；D. keep ut f使……不进入。根据空格后的“hw many peple were inside”可知，作者的工作是数清楚商场里面有多少人。故选C项。
【23题详解】
考查词动词义辨析。句意：轮到我站在店门口，数一数里面有多少人，然后引导外面的人排队。A. allw允许；B. guide指导，引导；C. drive驱使；D. inspire激励。根据空格后的“thse utside t wait their turn”可知，作者的工作是引导商场外面的人排队。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们的店铺主要销售内衣，但也有一个很受欢迎的运动品牌。A. ppular受欢迎的；B. cmmn常见的；C. funny滑稽的；D. scarce稀有的。根据下文的“called their teenage sn t let him knw we sld this brand”可知，中年夫妇的儿子应该在寻找这个运动品牌，所以这个运动品牌应该是受欢迎的。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我让一对中年夫妇进来，他们立即打电话给他们十几岁的儿子，告诉他我们卖这个品牌时，我并不感到惊讶。A. excited兴奋的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. wrried担心的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文的“it als wns a 4 sprt brand”可知，因为商场内有一个很受欢迎的运动品牌，所以一对中年夫妇进来后，他们立即打电话给他们的儿子，告诉他这个品牌时，作者并不感到惊讶。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，当我让一对中年夫妇进来，他们立即打电话给他们十几岁的儿子，告诉他我们卖这个品牌时，我并不感到惊讶。A. frequently经常地；B. prperly适当地；C. gently轻轻地；D. immediately立即。根据下文的“called their teenage sn t let him knw we sld this brand”可知，这对夫妇的儿子应该是在寻找这个运动品牌，所以这对夫妇见到这个品牌后应该是立即给儿子打电话告诉他。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当儿子来的时候，父亲指示他排队等候，因为现在人最多了。A. frced强迫；B. expected预期；C. instructed指示，吩咐；D. invited邀请。根据下文的“him t wait in line fr his turn”可知，应该是父亲吩咐儿子在外面排队等候。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当儿子来的时候，父亲指示他排队等候，因为现在人最多了。A. capacity容量，容纳能力；B. way方式；C. rad道路；D. adaptin适应。根据下一段的“There’s a kid in the line whse parents are waiting fr him inside.”可知，小男孩必须在商场外面等，说明商场里的人已经满了，达到了最大容纳能力。故选A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：有很多人在排队，我估计至少要半个小时才能让他进去。A. prpsed建议；B. estimated估计；C. measured测量；D. stated声明。根据下文的“befre I culd let him inside it wuld be half an hur”可知，这是作者估计的时间。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：有很多人在排队，我估计至少要半个小时才能让他进去。A. minimum最低限度，最小值；B. will意愿，意志；C. hand手；D. bttm底。根据上文的“it wuld be half an hur”可知，这是小男孩至少要等待的时间。故选A项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们能让他插到前面吗？A. gather聚集；B. gain获得，增加；C. adjust调整；D. cut插队。根据空格后的“t the frnt”和下文的“he was t the frnt f the line”可知，此处指的是他们想让小男孩插队到前面去。故选D项。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：整个队伍很快就同意了，他站到了队伍的最前面，可以和父母汇合了。A. side一旁；侧边；B. grund地；C. line队列，队伍；D. part部分。根据下文的“he was t the frnt f the line”可知，整个队列同意小男孩插队后，他才能插到队伍的最前面。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：整个队伍很快就同意了，他站到了队伍的最前面，可以和父母汇合了。A. please使满意；B. impact (对某事物) 有影响，有作用；C. greet问候；D. rejin重新加入。根据上文的“There’s a kid in the line whse parents are waiting fr him inside”可知，小男孩的父母在商场里面等他，其他人让他插队是为了让他和父母汇合。故选D项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到那个周末我们经历的所有其他混乱，以及排队的人们偶尔的消极和沮丧，看到人们愿意让一个十几岁的男孩和他的父母在一起，那个周末变得更好了一点。A. chas混乱，混沌；B. pain疼痛；C. silence寂静，沉默；D. return返回。根据上文提到的商场的拥挤状态和人们排队等候的情况可知，此处指的是作者经历的混乱的状态。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：考虑到那个周末我们经历的所有其他混乱，以及排队的人们偶尔的消极和沮丧，看到人们愿意让一个十几岁的男孩和他的父母在一起，那个周末变得更好了一点。A. symbl象征，符号；B. evidence证明，证据；C. frustratin沮丧，挫折；D. addictin上瘾，入迷。根据空格后的“peple in the lines”和常识可知，人们在排队的时候往往会表现出消极和沮丧。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Caviar (鱼子酱) is a term____36____(use)t describe fish eggs f sturgen (鲟鱼). It is smetimes attached t the eggs f ther fish ____37____(categry). There are three kinds f Caspian Sea caviar, each f ____38____ was named after the types f sturgen that prduces it. Sevruga, frm the smallest fish, is fine-grained, ____39____(intense) black and very salty. Oscetra, frm a bigger fish, is larger-grained, ften paler, with a “rich, almst, fruity r earthy flavr”. Beluga is frm the largest, whitest and rarest fish, ____40____(have) a delicate flavr. Caviar is a staple (主食) f Russian cuisine and is traditinally enjyed n New Year’s Eve. In the ld days caviar ____41____(be) a staple, nt a luxury. Wrks frm the early 18th century make a descriptin that caviar was sld n street crners.
An egg-filled sturgen frm the Caspian Sea is regarded as ne f the wrld’s mst ____42____(value) fishes. The caviar frm a quality sturgen can sell ____43____ several hundred dllars an unce. The eggs frm a single white sturgen can fetch mre than $100,000.
Caviar can vary in clr frm black t pale grey t gld and even ivry. If it ____44____(dry), refrigerated and prperly stred at -2℃, it can stay gd fr 18 mnths.
Russians like eating caviar n thickly-buttered tast r bread. In the early 2000s, wrld caviar prices were rising sharply, as demand increased and supply decreased. Prices dubled and internatinal authrities tried t crack dwn n fake by carrying ut _____45_____ labeling system.
【答案】36. used
37. categries
38. which 39. intensely
40. having 41. was
42. valuable
43. fr 44. is dried
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了鱼子酱的制作来源，种类及售价等方面信息。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：鱼子酱是用来描述鲟鱼鱼卵的术语。此句已经有谓语动词 is，因此此空用非谓语动词。term和use是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填used。
【37题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：它有时附着在其他鱼类的卵上。ther fish肯定不止一个品种，因此用categry的复数形式。故填categries。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：里海鱼子酱有三种，每一种都以生产它的鲟鱼的种类命名。此处是“介词短语+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是Caspian Sea caviar，关系词作介词宾语，使用关系代词which。故填which。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：Sevruga是一种最小的鱼，色泽细腻，呈深黑色，非常咸。此空修饰形容词black，因此用其副词形式intensely。故填intensely。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Beluga是一种最大、最白、最稀有的鱼，味道鲜美。此句已经有谓语动词 is，而且 Beluga和have之间是主动关系，因此用现在分词作状语。故填having。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：在过去，鱼子酱是主食，而不是奢侈品。根据时间状语In the ld days及主语 caviar可知，此处应用第三人称单数形式，且为一般过去时。故填was。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意：里海的鲟鱼被认为是世界上最有价值的鱼类之一。根据句意及空前的mst可知，空处用形容词作定语修饰fishes。空处用形容词原级，和mst构成最高级。故填valuable。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：优质鲟鱼的鱼子酱可以卖到每盎司几百美元。sell fr…“售价为……”，固定词组。故填fr。
【44题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：如果干燥、冷藏并在-2℃下妥善保存，可保存18个月。主语 it是第三人称单数形式，和 dry之间是被动关系，而且用于条件状语从句，是一般性表述，因此用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is dried。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：价格翻了一番，国际当局试图通过实施标签制度来打击假货。system是可数名词的单数，此处表示泛指，而且labeling是辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。
第四部分 写作 (共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你校计划举办一场主题为“科学家精神”的演讲大赛，以展示对科学家们的敬意。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 简要介绍科学家精神；
2. 你的感悟。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Ladies and gentlemen,
I am hnred t talk abut the spirit f scientists. Scientists are nt just peple in labs wearing white cats; they are dreamers, explrers, and prblem-slvers. They push the bundaries f human knwledge and inspire us t think differently. Amng the spirits f scientists are curisity and perseverance. They ask questins and seek answers, even when faced with challenges. They teach us that failure is nt the end but a stepping stne t success.
Tday, let us celebrate the spirits f scientists. Let us ask questins, seek answers, and never stp explring the wrld arund us.
Thank yu.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校计划举办一场主题为“科学家精神”的演讲大赛，以展示对科学家们的敬意，要求考生按照要求写一篇短文参赛。
【详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸的：hnred → privileged
寻找：seek → lk fr
停止：stp → cease
探索：explre → plumb
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：I am hnred t talk abut the spirit f scientists.
拓展句：Talking abut the spirit f scientists makes me feel hnred.
【点睛】【高分句型1】They push the bundaries f human knwledge and inspire us t think differently.（运用了不定式t think作宾补）
【高分句型2】They teach us that failure is nt the end but a stepping stne t success.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
第二节 (满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jasn had always been passinate abut running. Frm the mment he culd remember, the thrill f the wind against his face and the rhythm f his feet hitting the grund filled him with a sense f purpse and jy. Ever since he was a child, he dreamt f participating in the city marathn and winning it.
In high schl, he enthusiastically jined the track team. He was full f hpe and determinatin, but his first race was a disaster. He tripped ver his wn feet and fell near the finish line, the sund f laughter ringing in his ears. The shame was intense, but rather than let it break him, it fueled his determinatin t prve himself.
He trained hard every day, waking up befre dawn t run several miles. The early mrning air was cld and biting, but he pushed thrugh. Hwever, during a crucial practice sessin, he pulled a muscle and had t take a break fr weeks. He was frustrated as he watched his teammates prgress. His cnfidence tk a huge hit, and dubt began t bst.
When he recvered and went back t training, he fund it difficult t regain his previus frm. Each run felt like a struggle, and he cnstantly questined if he had lst his edge. Just as he was starting t make prgress and regain his speed, a new setback appeared. He gt sick with a severe flu that kept him n the bed fr a mnth. The lss f fitness and strength was disheartening, and the fear f having t start all ver again appeared. When he finally returned t training, he fund that he had lst much f his endurance and had t wrk twice as hard t catch up.
Hwever, Jasn refused t give in. He trained even harder, pushing his limits every day. Lng runs under the sun, tiring speed wrkuts, and intense strength training became his rutine. The pain and exhaustin were cnstant cmpanins, but he never let them stp him. He believed that all his struggles and perseverance wuld finally pay ff.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Finally, the day f marathn arrived, the starting gun fired, and the race began.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Frm that day n, Jasn cntinued t pursue his passin fr running.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Finally, the day f marathn arrived, the starting gun fired, and the race began. The first few miles were full f excitement. But as the distance increased, the challenge intensified. His legs burned, and his lungs gasped fr air. In the final stretch, Jasn used a final burst f energy. The crwd’s cheers grew luder as he crssed the finish line first. Tears f jy and relief streamed dwn his face. His stry spread thrughut the schl and the cmmunity and he received cuntless messages f supprt and admiratin.
Frm that day n, Jasn cntinued t pursue his passin fr running. He faced new challenges and cmpetitins with a calm and cnfident attitude. Each race was a testament t his grwth and the lessns he had learned alng the way. The rad t success might have been full f twists and turns, but it made his achievements all the mre sweet. And as he lked twards the future, he knew that n matter what lay ahead, he had the strength and spirit t vercme it.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了主人公杰森是一个对跑步非常热爱的人，他从小就立志要参加城市马拉松比赛并赢得冠军。他每天早上起床跑步并且熬夜训练自己，只是为了能够在马拉松比赛中取得巨大的成功。但是他的计划受到了挫折，他在马拉松比赛前不幸生病了。尽管如此，他并没有放弃，反而坚持训练，最终他成功完成了马拉松比赛。这也使得他的故事传遍了学校和社区，得到了无数人的支持和赞美。他的故事也被广泛传颂，让更多人认识到了他的坚韧和毅力。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“终于，马拉松比赛的日子到了，发令枪响了，比赛开始了。”可知，第一段可描写杰森比赛的过程以及最终第一个冲过终点线。
②由第二段首句内容“从那天起，杰森继续追求他对跑步的热爱。”可知，第二段可描写杰森以冷静自信的态度面对新的挑战和竞争以及他的感悟。
2.续写线索：比赛开始了——比赛中遇到的挑战——最终第一个冲过终点线——继续追求他对跑步的热爱——面对新的挑战和竞争——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①流下来：stream dwn/rll dwn
②.传遍：spread thrughut/ spread all ver
③.克服：vercme /get ver
情绪类
①.喜悦：jy/ delight
②.兴奋：excitement /thrill
【点睛】
[高分句型1]. The crwd’s cheers grew luder as he crssed the finish line first.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2]. And as he lked twards the future, he knew that n matter what lay ahead, he had the strength and spirit t vercme it.（运用了as引导的时间状语从句、that引导的宾语从句以及n matter what引导的让步状语从句）