特训05 阅读阅读七选五（名校模拟10篇）- 高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（北京专用）

这是一份特训05 阅读阅读七选五（名校模拟10篇）- 高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（北京专用），文件包含特训05阅读阅读七选五名校模拟10篇原卷版-高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练北京专用docx、特训05阅读阅读七选五名校模拟10篇解析版-高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练北京专用docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。
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（2024上·北京东城·高三统考期末）The Science f Cmfrt Fd
Certain fds always give us much pleasure. 1 Hwever, much f the happiness we get frm ur favrite fds cmes frm the memries they bring t us and the peple we’re with while we enjy them.
2 That’s why ur brains reward us fr eating anything at all by releasing a chemical that enhances md. But as anyne wh’s ever eaten apple pie knws, sweets can make us feel especially nice. One study fund that peple wh are especially sensitive t sweetness have strnger brain-reward respnses t sugary fds than less sweet-sensitive peple d.
Sme fds are especially emtinally satisfying fr reasns that have little t d with their taste r nutritinal cntent, thugh. 3 And many favrite American cmfrt fds—chili, say—are nt particularly sweet r high in carbhydrates (碳水化合物). Often we lve fd because we have fnd memries assciated with it. One dish I cannt live withut at a New Year party is my mm’s Snwy Mashed Ptates, which remind me f hliday jy and past reunins with extended family.
4 Smetimes yu might feel sad when yu eat fds that remind yu f lved nes yu miss. We may als avid fds that we assciate with bad experiences. I haven’t eaten cttage cheese since I was 8 years ld, because it was the last thing I ate befre rlling ff the bed with a terrible stmachache.
In additin t past memries, the cntext in which we eat fds matters, t. 5 And ur gustatry (味觉的) experiences can be heightened by “a sense f cmmunity, a sense f warmth and enjying it tgether”. I appreciate my mum’s ptates even mre tday when I eat them with my husband and tw children.
A. Fd is essential fr ur survival.
B. These assciatins can g the ther way, t.
C. We desire cmfrt fds when we feel lnely.
D. It shapes hw much we enjy them in the mment.
E. Their taste and nutritinal cntent affect hw we feel.
F. Our memry fr smell can be lng-lasting and precise.
G. After all, different cultures have different cmfrt fds.
1. E 2. A 3. G 4. B 5. D
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍舒适食物的科学。
1. 根据上文“Certain fds always give us much pleasure. (某些食物总是给我们带来很多快乐。)”可知，这里提到某些食物给我们带来了快乐，接下来可以解释它的原因。选项E“它们的味道和营养成分会影响我们的感受。”和上文意思一致。故选E。
2. 根据下文“That’s why ur brains reward us fr eating anything at all by releasing a chemical that enhances md. But as anyne wh’s ever eaten apple pie knws, sweets can make us feel especially nice. One study fund that peple wh are especially sensitive t sweetness have strnger brain-reward respnses t sugary fds than less sweet-sensitive peple d. (这就是为什么我们的大脑会通过释放一种增强情绪的化学物质来奖励我们吃任何东西。但任何吃过苹果派的人都知道，甜食会让我们感觉特别好。一项研究发现，与对甜味不太敏感的人相比，对甜味特别敏感的人对含糖食物的大脑奖励反应更强。)”可知，这一段介绍吃东西对我们的好处。选项A“食物对我们的生存至关重要。”和下文意思一致。故选A。
3. 根据上文“Sme fds are especially emtinally satisfying fr reasns that have little t d with their taste r nutritinal cntent, thugh. (然而，有些食物在情感上特别令人满意，原因与它们的味道或营养成分无关。)”可知，这里说明人们对不同的食物有不同的反应。选项G“毕竟，不同的文化有不同的安慰食品。”和上文意思一致。故选G。
4. 根据下文“Smetimes yu might feel sad when yu eat fds that remind yu f lved nes yu miss. We may als avid fds that we assciate with bad experiences. I haven’t eaten cttage cheese since I was 8 years ld, because it was the last thing I ate befre rlling ff the bed with a terrible stmachache. (有时，当你吃的食物让你想起你想念的亲人时，你可能会感到难过。我们也可能会避免吃那些与糟糕经历有关的食物。我从8岁起就没有吃过农家奶酪，因为这是我胃疼得从床上滚下来之前最后吃的东西。)”可知，这一段介绍的是有的食物会让人想到糟糕的经历，和上一段正好相反。选项B“这些关联也可以反过来。”和下文意思一致。故选B。
5. 根据上文“In additin t past memries, the cntext in which we eat fds matters, t. (除了过去的记忆，我们吃食物的环境也很重要。)”可知，这里提到我们吃食物的环境也很重要，接下来要解释重要的原因。选项D“它决定了我们此刻有多喜欢它们。”和上文意思一致。故选D。
（2024上·北京顺义·高三统考期末）Flw is a cgnitive (认知的) state where ne is cmpletely immersed (沉浸) in an activity — frm painting and writing t yga and surfbarding. 6
The prcess f flw was discvered and cined by the Hungarian-American psychlgist Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. In the 1960s, Csikszentmihalyi studied the creative prcess and fund that, when an artist was in the curse f flw, they wuld insist n their task strictly, regardless f hunger r exhaustin. 7
One f Csikszentmihalyi’s key pints abut flw is that a persn needs t push neself ut f their cmfrt zne t stimulate it. Because it’s a dynamic state, ne has t cnstantly adjust the skill level, challenge, and cmplexity required fr the activity. 8 If yur skill level ges beynd the activity, bredm will set in, which will break the state f flw.
9 One can access flw by thinking f activities like sprts, dancing and painting. We can als have a flw state experience with many f ur day-t-day tasks and encunters. Watching TV and vide gaming, hwever, are nt n that list.
Flw can als be a tl fr better emtin regulatin (调节). When a persn is in a state f flw, there is little need fr dubts r anxieties abut neself r the wrld in general. 10 Thrugh the prcess f flw, a persn chses t fcus n a task and gain a sense f autnmy ver time, bdy, and mind.
Hwever, pushing yurself t find the flw state can backfire. In fact, trying t hard r wndering whether yu are in this state in itself ges against flw. We lse the balance between tensin and skill level if we cncentrate t much n the task.
A. Even the uncertainties f life fall away.
B. Peple may nt realize it but anyne can find flw.
C. Ask yurself if a certain task will fulfill a gal f yurs.
D. Flw can smetimes be viewed as a frerunner fr peak perfrmance.
E. He als fund that the artist wuld highlight the prcess and nt the end result.
F. As yu practice a skill, yur level f mastery will change as will the feeling f flw.
G. It invlves intense fcus, creative engagement and the lss f awareness f time and self.
6. G 7. E 8. F 9. B 10. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了关于Flw状态的定义、发现者、达到这种状态的关键点、可以帮助达到这种状态的活动以及它在情感调节方面的应用。
6. 根据上文内容“Flw is a cgnitive (认知的) state where ne is cmpletely immersed (沉浸) in an activity—frm painting and writing t yga and surfbarding.(心流是一种认知状态，一个人完全沉浸在一种活动中——从绘画、写作到瑜伽和冲浪)”可知，上文主要介绍了心流的概念。选项G“It invlves intense fcus, creative engagement and the lss f awareness f time and self.(它包括高度集中注意力、创造性投入以及时间和自我意识的丧失)”是上文内容的自然延续，继续介绍了心流的相关内容。故选G。
7. 根据上文内容“In the 1960s, Csikszentmihalyi studied the creative prcess and fund that, when an artist was in the curse f flw, they wuld insist n their task strictly, regardless f hunger r exhaustin.(20世纪60年代，Csikszentmihalyi对创作过程进行了研究，发现当艺术家处于心流状态时，他们会严格地坚持自己的任务，无论饥饿还是疲惫)”可知，上文主要介绍了Csikszentmihalyi的发现，他发现了艺术家处于心流状态时会严格坚持自己的任务。选项E“He als fund that the artist wuld highlight the prcess and nt the end result.(他还发现艺术家会强调过程而不是最终结果)”中的“als”延续上文内容，指的是Csikszentmihalyi还发现艺术家会强调过程，与上文内容一致。故选E。
8. 根据上文“One f Csikszentmihalyi’s key pints abut flw is that a persn needs t push neself ut f their cmfrt zne t stimulate it. Because it’s a dynamic state, ne has t cnstantly adjust the skill level, challenge, and cmplexity required fr the activity.(Csikszentmihalyi关于心流的关键观点之一是，一个人需要把自己从舒适区推出来刺激它。因为这是一个动态状态，一个人必须不断调整技能水平、挑战和活动所需的复杂性)”可知，心流是一种动态的状态。选项F“As yu practice a skill, yur level f mastery will change as will the feeling f flw.(当你练习一项技能时，你的熟练程度会随着心流的感觉而改变)”与上文内容一致，指的是练习技能时，技能的熟练程度会随着心流的感觉而变化。故选F。
9. 空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“One can access flw by thinking f activities like sprts, dancing and painting. We can als have a flw state experience with many f ur day-t-day tasks and encunters. Watching TV and vide gaming, hwever, are nt n that list.(一个人可以通过思考运动、舞蹈和绘画等活动来进入心流状态。我们也可以在许多日常任务和遭遇中获得心流状态体验。然而，看电视和玩电子游戏却不在其中)”可知，我们每个人都可以通过思考运动、舞蹈和绘画等活动来进入心流状态。选项B“Peple may nt realize it but anyne can find flw.(人们可能没有意识到，但是任何人都可以找到心流)”与下文内容一致，指的是每个人都可以进入心流状态。故选B。
10. 根据空前内容“Flw can als be a tl fr better emtin regulatin (调节) .When a persn is in a state f flw, there is little need fr dubts r anxieties abut neself r the wrld in general.(心流也可以成为更好的情绪调节工具。当一个人处于心流状态时，就很少需要对自己或整个世界产生怀疑或焦虑)”指的是心流状态可以帮助我们调节情绪。当一个人处于心流状态时，就不会对世界产生怀疑或焦虑。选项A“Even the uncertainties f life fall away.(甚至生活中的不确定性也消失了)”延续上文内容，指的仍然是心流状态可以帮助我们调节情绪。故选A
（2024上·北京石景山·高三统考期末）Reading is an exercise fr the mind. It is gd fr ur vcabulary and literacy skills, teaching us math r science cncepts and helping us learn histry. 11 Have yu read a stry and felt tears well up because f a character’s suffering? If s, that is because yu have empathy (共情) fr the character. Empathy is a magic eye that sees int ther peple’s hearts and it can be learned thrugh varius fictins.
Research shws that human brains react differently t stries and facts. Many mre areas f yur brain light up when yu’re enjying a stry, and yur brain thinks yu are in the stry. 12
Empathy helps yu t read peple’s emtins and wrk ut the best way t respnd. This skill, called emtinal intelligence (EI), can make it easier t cmmunicate and cnnect with peple. 13 One study fund that peple wh read the Harry Ptter nvels, which tell stries abut humans fighting against the evil, were less likely t behave unfairly twards pwerless grups including refugees (难民).
14 After reading The By at the Back f the Class, a stry abut a by wh is a refugee escaping frm the war, students in St Michael’s High Schl were inspired t d a 10-mile walk fr the nn-prfit rganizatin Refugee Actin. Their empathy als stimulated them t raise £1,000 fr peple wh were frced t leave their hmes because f war.
Reading encurages us t empathise with thers, which culd ptentially lead t several beneficial utcmes. Nt nly are we mre likely t engage in helpful behavirs when we feel empathy fr ther peple, but thers are als mre likely t help us when they experience empathy. 15
A. Apart frm thse, reading has anther benefit.
B. In a way, all this increases ur ability t read well.
C. This thery f EI has been put int practice in schls.
D. This permits peple t understand the emtins that thers are feeling.
E. This means yu experience the characters’ thughts as if they were real.
F. Research shws that building this intelligence can lead t greater tlerance.
G. Fr sciety t develp, cmmunicative and empathetic individuals really matter.
11. A 12. E 13. F 14. C 15. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阅读对我们的词汇和读写能力有好处，同时阅读还可以增强人们的同理心。
11. 根据上文“Reading is an exercise fr the mind. It is gd fr ur vcabulary and literacy skills, teaching us math r science cncepts and helping us learn histry.(读书是脑力的锻炼。它对我们的词汇和读写能力有好处，教我们数学或科学概念，帮助我们学习历史)”以及后文“Have yu read a stry and felt tears well up because f a character’s suffering? If s, that is because yu have empathy (共情) fr the character. Empathy is a magic eye that sees int ther peple’s hearts and it can be learned thrugh varius fictins.(你是否读过一个故事，因为一个人物的痛苦而热泪盈眶？如果是这样，那是因为你对这个角色共情。同理心是一只神奇的眼睛，可以看到别人的内心，它可以通过各种小说来学习)”可知，后文提到了阅读可以培养共情能力，结合上文说明了阅读对词汇和读写能力有好处可知本句是过渡句，引出后文阅读的另一个好处。故A选项“除了这些，阅读还有另一个好处”符合语境，故选A。
12. 根据上文“Research shws that human brains react differently t stries and facts. Many mre areas f yur brain light up when yu’re enjying a stry, and yur brain thinks yu are in the stry.(研究表明，人类大脑对故事和事实的反应是不同的。当你在欣赏一个故事时，你的大脑会有更多的区域被激活，你的大脑会认为你就在这个故事中)”可知，上文提到欣赏故事的时候，大脑会认为你就在这个故事中，由此可知，本句是对上文的进一步解释，指出在故事之中可以体会到的情感和想法。故E选项“这意味着你可以体验到角色的想法，就好像他们是真实的一样”符合语境，故选E。
13. 根据上文“Empathy helps yu t read peple’s emtins and wrk ut the best way t respnd. This skill, called emtinal intelligence (EI), can make it easier t cmmunicate and cnnect with peple.(同理心可以帮助你读懂别人的情绪，并找出最好的回应方式。这种技能被称为情商（EI），可以让你更容易与人沟通和联系)”以及后文“One study fund that peple wh read the Harry Ptter nvels, which tell stries abut humans fighting against the evil, were less likely t behave unfairly twards pwerless grups including refugees (难民).(一项研究发现，读过《哈利波特》系列小说的人不太可能对包括难民在内的弱势群体做出不公平的行为。《哈利波特》讲述了人类与邪恶作斗争的故事)”可知，上文提到了同理心被称为情商，有助于和人沟通和联系，后文用研究发现读过《哈利波特》系列小说的人不太可能对包括难民在内的弱势群体做出不公平的行为进行了论证，故本句指出同理心对人的积极影响。故F选项“研究表明，培养这种智力可以带来更大的容忍度”符合语境，故选F。
14. 根据本段内容“After reading The By at the Back f the Class, a stry abut a by wh is a refugee escaping frm the war, students in St Michael’s High Schl were inspired t d a 10-mile walk fr the nn-prfit rganizatin Refugee Actin. Their empathy als stimulated them t raise £1,000 fr peple wh were frced t leave their hmes because f war.(在阅读了《教室后面的男孩》后，圣迈克尔高中的学生受到启发，为非营利组织“难民行动”进行了10英里的步行活动。这本书讲述了一个逃离战争的男孩的故事。他们的同情心也促使他们为那些因战争而被迫离开家园的人筹集了1000英镑)”可知，本段主要说明了圣迈克尔高中的学生在阅读了《教室后面的男孩》后，进行了10英里的步行活动，并且为人们筹集善款，可知同情心理论被付诸了实践。故C选项“这种情商理论已经在学校中付诸实践”符合语境，故选C。
15. 根据上文“Reading encurages us t empathise with thers, which culd ptentially lead t several beneficial utcmes. Nt nly are we mre likely t engage in helpful behavirs when we feel empathy fr ther peple, but thers are als mre likely t help us when they experience empathy.(阅读鼓励我们同情他人，这可能会带来一些有益的结果。当我们对他人感同身受时，我们不仅更有可能做出有益的行为，而且当他人感同身受时，他们也更有可能帮助我们)”可知，上文提到了同理心对个人的影响，本句为本段最后一句，故强调具有同理心的个人对社会发展的影响。故G选项“为了社会的发展，善于沟通和善解人意的个人真的很重要”符合语境，故选G。
（2024上·北京丰台·高三统考期末）The Pwer f ”Like“
Like it r lve it, scial media is a majr part f life. Teens spend mre than half f their waking hurs nline. And mst f what they d is read and respnd t psts by friends and family. Clicking n a thumbs-up r a heart icn is an easy way t stay in tuch. 16
Clicking ”like“ n a pst can increase the number f peple wh see it. If ther peple have liked a pst, new viewers will be mre likely t like it t. Many scial media sites share mre f the higher-ranked psts. 17
Accrding t recent studies, viewing ne’s wn psts with a lt f likes activates the reward system in their brains, especially fr teens. Psitive respnses t teens’ wn phts (in the frm f many likes)tell them that their friends appreciate the material they’re psting. 18 Seeing smene else’s ppular pht, hwever, desn’t necessarily turn it n. Mre likely, it may affect behaviral attitudes.
19 In ne 2011 study, in which teens ding driving task in a lab tk mre risks when their friends were arund, suggests that teens were changing their behavir t try t get scial apprval. Last year, researchers recruited (招募) 32 teens t check whether they make similar changes when using scial media. They fund that ppular phts might signal t them that what’s in thse phts is scially acceptable. 20 That means that what yu like nline has the pwer t influence nt just what thers like, but even what they d.
A like is a scial cue. Teens use it t learn hw t navigate their scial wrld. Clicking”like“ is a simple act that can have cmplex results. All tech users will be thughtful abut scial media.
A. As a result, that ppularity can feed n itself.
B. It’s n surprise that feedback frm peers affects hw teens behave.
C. Jining scial media can give peple a sense f being in the knw.
D. Their brains respnd t thse likes by turning n the reward center.
E. Fr example, images related t alchl may encurage teens t drink.
F. And that can, inapprpriately, make us feel less successful than them.
G. But thse ”likes“ can have pwer that ges beynd a simple cnnectin.
16. G 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了点赞对青少年产生的影响。
16. 上文“Clicking n a thumbs-up r a heart icn is an easy way t stay in tuch.(点击竖起大拇指或心形图标是保持联系的简单方法)”说明点赞是一种比较简单的保持联系方式，G项“但这些“赞”的力量可以超越简单的联系”与其紧密衔接，“a simple cnnectin”与“an easy way t stay in tuch”相呼应，并引出文章的主题，符合语境。故选G项。
17. 上文“Clicking ”like“ n a pst can increase the number f peple wh see it. If ther peple have liked a pst, new viewers will be mre likely t like it t. Many scial media sites share mre f the higher-ranked psts.(在帖子上点击“点赞”可以增加浏览人数。如果其他人也喜欢某个帖子，新观众也更有可能喜欢它。许多社交媒体网站分享更多排名较高的帖子)”说明社交媒体网站分享排名较高的帖子，那么就可以吸引更多的人点赞，A项“因此，这种受欢迎程度可以靠自己来维持”承接上文，阐述了前面句子产生的结果，符合语境。故选A项。
18. 上文“Accrding t recent studies, viewing ne’s wn psts with a lt f likes activates the reward system in their brains, especially fr teens. Psitive respnses t teens’ wn phts (in the frm f many likes)tell them that their friends appreciate the material they’re psting. (根据最近的研究，大量点赞观看自己的帖子会激活他们大脑中的奖励系统，尤其是对青少年来说。对青少年自己照片的积极回应(以许多赞的形式)告诉他们，他们的朋友很欣赏他们发布的材料)”提到青少年看到自己的帖子被点赞会激活他们大脑的奖励系统，D项“他们的大脑通过打开奖励中心来对这些赞做出反应”承接上文，符合语境。故选D项。
19. 下文“In ne 2011 study, in which teens ding driving task in a lab tk mre risks when their friends were arund, suggests that teens were changing their behavir t try t get scial apprval.(在2011年的一项研究中，当朋友在身边时，在实验室里完成驾驶任务的青少年会承担更多的风险，这表明青少年正在改变自己的行为，试图获得社会认可)”说明青少年有朋友在身边时，他们会改变自己的行为，B项“毫不奇怪，来自同龄人的反馈会影响青少年的行为”与举例说明的内容吻合，符合语境。故选B项。
20. 上文“They fund that ppular phts might signal t them that what’s in thse phts is scially acceptable.(他们发现，受欢迎的照片可能会向他们发出信号，表明这些照片中的内容是社会可以接受的)”，空处承上启下，下文“That means that what yu like nline has the pwer t influence nt just what thers like, but even what they d.(这意味着你在网上喜欢的东西不仅能影响别人喜欢的东西，甚至能影响他们的行为)”，E项“例如，与酒精有关的图片可能会鼓励青少年饮酒”举例内容与上文观点一致，其中“images ”与上文phts”相对应，“may encurage teens t drink”与下文“influence nt just what thers like, but even what they d”相呼应，符合语境。故选E项。
（2024上·北京西城·高三统考期末）When was the last time yu lked at smething r felt smething and said, “Ww”? Recent studies fund that a lt f peple are in emtinal distress. S hw can yu rediscver the jys in yur day-t-day life and recapture that sense f childhd wnder? Here’s hw yu can find them.
21 Thrughut the day, stp what yu are ding t listen t music, play with a ty r ddle n a piece f paper. Stretching yur brain in different ways and daydreaming can stimulate yur imaginatin.
Get creative. Whether it is playing a musical instrument, sketching, painting, mdeling with clay, dancing, r writing in a jurnal, creative pursuits are a great place t find jy. 22
Turn ff yur phne and enjy the silence. Technlgy can be a gd thing and prvide us with many pprtunities, but it can als numb (使迟钝) us t the wws arund us and be an nging distractin. Turn yur phne ff fr ne hur, a whle day r even an entire weekend. Yu culd als try turning ff the televisin, music r radi fr a few minutes t give yurself sme ttal silence. 23
Listen. Really listen. When was the last time yu remembered everything smene said t yu? 24 Having a new-fund curisity and cnsideratin fr the ther persn might lead yu t sme surprising discveries and take yu utside f yurself.
Get ut f yur cmfrt zne. Finding pprtunities where yu can push yurself ut f yur cmfrt zne will als give yu a better chance f finding a ww experience. 25 Even attempting a 5k when yu are nt quite ready fr a marathn can really help.
A. Take a play break.
B. Change yur rutine.
C. This desn’t have t mean a big, life-changing activity.
D. This can help take yu back t a childlike state, in a wrld f wnder.
E. When talking t ther peple, try t be present with whever yu are with.
F. Take a minute t ntice and really pay attentin t where yu are, what yu’re ding and what’s ging n arund yu.
G. What’s mre, when yu find flw in a creative activity, yu might find inspiratin fr ther areas f yur life.
21. A 22. G 23. F 24. E 25. C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了缓解情绪困扰，找回生活中的快乐的几种方法。
21. 空处为小标题。根据后文“Thrughut the day, stp what yu are ding t listen t music, play with a ty r ddle n a piece f paper. Stretching yur brain in different ways and daydreaming can stimulate yur imaginatin.(一整天，停下手头的工作，听听音乐，玩玩玩具或在纸上涂鸦。用不同的方式伸展你的大脑，做白日梦可以激发你的想象力)”可知，本段建议要注意休息；A选项“通过玩乐来休息”符合本段主旨。故选A项。
22. 本段小标题为“变得有创造力”，前文“Whether it is playing a musical instrument, sketching, painting, mdeling with clay, dancing, r writing in a jurnal, creative pursuits are a great place t find jy.(无论是演奏乐器，素描，绘画，用粘土做模型，跳舞，还是写日记，创造性的追求都是找到快乐的好地方)”表明创造力是一种好方法；G选项“更重要的是，当你在创造性活动中发现心流时，你可能会在生活的其他领域找到灵感”同样表明创造力的重要性。故选G项。
23. 前文“Turn yur phne ff fr ne hur, a whle day r even an entire weekend. Yu culd als try turning ff the televisin, music r radi fr a few minutes t give yurself sme ttal silence.(关掉手机一个小时，一天，甚至整个周末。你也可以试着关掉电视、音乐或收音机几分钟，让自己完全安静下来)”表明要远离电子设备；F选项“花一分钟的时间去注意你在哪里，你在做什么，你周围发生了什么”表明关掉电子设备后，应将注意力集中在自己身上，符合语境。故选F项。
24. 前文“Listen. Really listen. When was the last time yu remembered everything smene said t yu?(聆听。真的聆听。你上一次记得别人对你说的话是什么时候)”表示应与其它人互动，E选项“当和别人交谈时，试着和你在一起的人在一起”告诉我们如何与别人互动。故选E项。
25. 本段小标题为“走出你的舒适区”，后文“Even attempting a 5k when yu are nt quite ready fr a marathn can really help.(即使是在你还没准备好参加马拉松的时候尝试5公里也会有帮助)”表示小的行为也会有帮助；C选项“这并不一定意味着一个重大的，改变生活的活动”引出下文，符合语境。故选C项。
（2024上·北京昌平·高三统考期末）Get Cmfrtable Giving Hnest Feedback
Shuld yu cautiusly tell a cwrker she’s been misprnuncing a client’s name? Or wuld yu tell smene abut the piece f vegetable left in his teeth? 26 Recent research finds that a cmmn cgnitive errr may help explain why—and that a simple apprach culd help vercme it.
In five experiments, study participants tk part in real-time interactins in which they gave r received feedback. Thse wh gave feedback estimated hw much the ther persn wanted t hear a well-intentined criticism; receivers reprted their actual desire fr cnstructive critiques.
27 The miscalculatin was particularly bvius when the feedback was cnsidered rather essential fr the result, as well as when thse ffering the infrmatin predicted that ding s wuld be scially uncmfrtable, either fr themselves r fr the receiver.
The underestimatin is likely due t a human tendency t ascribe (归因) different mtives and desires t thers than we d t urselves, says Harvard dctral student Nicle Abi-Esber, wh authred the study. Peple tend t want feedback fr themselves, but they underestimate hw much thers want it, t. 28
Skipping ffering cnstructive criticism culd have cnsequences. In ne study, the subjects were asked t engage in a public-speaking cntest. The feedback-givers, again, underestimated the speakers’ desire fr cnstructive criticism. 29 Yet it was the speakers wh heard mre critical feedback that shwed the mst imprvement.
Is it pssible t vercme this and get better at giving feedback when it’s mst needed? 30 “Take a secnd and imagine yu are the ther persn,” Abi-Esber suggests. If yu’d want feedback, it’s likely the ther persn feels the same—and might even be grateful that yu tk the time t speak up.
A. They chse t give them praises instead.
B. A quick rle-exchanging exercise culd mve the needle.
C. It can als help identify ptential prblems befre they ccur.
D. The reasn is that they’re nt putting themselves in the ther persn’s shes.
E. Hw yu ask fr feedback may stp yu frm hearing what yu need t hear.
F. Many peple hesitate t ffer such hnest criticism even when the benefits seem bvius.
G. Feedback-givers always underestimated hw much thers wanted t hear helpful criticism.
26. F 27. G 28. D 29. A 30. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了如何在工作场合中更加舒适地给出诚实反馈。
26. 根据前文的“Shuld yu cautiusly tell a cwrker she’s been misprnuncing a client’s name? Or wuld yu tell smene abut the piece f vegetable left in his teeth?(你是否应该谨慎地告诉同事她念错了客户的名字？或者你会告诉别人他牙齿里的那块蔬菜吗？)”和后文的“Recent research finds that a cmmn cgnitive errr may help explain why—and that a simple apprach culd help vercme it.(最近的研究发现，一种常见的认知错误可能有助于解释其中的原因，而且有一种简单的方法可以帮助克服它。)”推知，人们在指出别人错误或有不当之处时犹豫不决。F项(很多人在提出这样诚实的批评时犹豫不决，即使这样做的好处似乎很明显。)承接上文，“hnest criticism”指的便是前文的两个做法，后文指出了人们提出诚实的批评的原因在于认知的错误，但有办法可以改变它，故选F项。
27. 根据后文的“The miscalculatin was particularly bvius when the feedback was cnsidered rather essential fr the result, as well as when thse ffering the infrmatin predicted that ding s wuld be scially uncmfrtable, either fr themselves r fr the receiver.(当反馈被认为对结果至关重要时，以及当提供信息的人预测这样做会让他们自己或接受者感到社交上的不舒服时，这种误判尤其明显。)”可知，G项(给予反馈的人总是低估了别人有多想听到有益的批评。)说明了给予反馈的人的这种低估是一种误判，尤其是考虑到反馈的重要性或者让彼此不舒适时，故选G项。
28. 空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据前文的“The underestimatin is likely due t a human tendency t ascribe different mtives and desires t thers than we d t urselves, says Harvard dctral student Nicle Abi-Esber, wh authred the study. Peple tend t want feedback fr themselves, but they underestimate hw much thers want it, t.(这项研究的作者、哈佛大学博士生 Nicle Abi-Esber说，这种低估很可能是由于人类倾向于将不同的动机和欲望归因于他人，而不是我们自己。人们往往希望自己得到反馈，但他们低估了别人对反馈的渴望程度。)”可知，人们没有给出诚实的反馈是因为没有站在别人的角度看待问题。D项(原因是他们没有设身处地地为别人着想。)承接上文，指出了低估别人对反馈的渴望程度的原因所在，即没有站在他人的角度考虑问题，故选D项。
29. 根据前文的“Skipping ffering cnstructive criticism culd have cnsequences. In ne study, the subjects were asked t engage in a public-speaking cntest. The feedback-givers, again, underestimated the speakers’ desire fr cnstructive criticism.(不提供建设性的批评可能会产生不良后果。在一项研究中，研究对象被要求参加一场公开演讲比赛。反馈者再次低估了演讲者对建设性批评的渴望。)”和后文的“Yet it was the speakers wh heard mre critical feedback that shwed the mst imprvement.(然而，听到更多批评反馈的演讲者表现出最大的进步。)”推知，空处应与下文呈转折关系，指出反馈者赞扬演讲者，而非提出建设性批评。A项(他们选择表扬他们。)说明了反馈者表扬的做法是低估了演讲者对建设性批评的渴望，使得这些演讲者没能得到有效的指导，从而没能取得更大的进步，因此产生了后文的结果“听到更多批评反馈的演讲者表现出最大的进步”，故选A项。
30. 根据前文的“Is it pssible t vercme this and get better at giving feedback when it’s mst needed?(是否有可能克服这一点，并在最需要的时候更好地提供反馈?)”和后文的““Take a secnd and imagine yu are the ther persn,” Abi-Esber suggests. If yu’d want feedback, it’s likely the ther persn feels the same—and might even be grateful that yu tk the time t speak up.(Abi-Esber 建议，“花点时间，把你想象成另一个人”。如果你想要得到反馈，对方很可能也有同样的感觉，甚至可能会感激你花时间说出来。)”可知，如果把自己想象成另一个人会有助于提出诚实的反馈。B项(一个快速的角色互换练习可以改变现状。)承接上文，提出了给予诚实有效的批评的具体建议，下文具体解释了角色互换练习的心理基础，故选B项。
（2024上·北京大兴·高三统考期末）Custmer service refers t the way that cmpanies behave twards their custmers. 31 Hwever, many a time rganizatins dn’t fcus n custmer relatinship management, and that’s what makes custmers angry, which is ne f the reasns why cmpanies lse their custmers. 32
First f all, yu need t realize the great value f the custmers. It’s they wh are the bss, and it, s because f them that yu get yur pay checks. S d take yur custmers seriusly.
33 Yu need t ask the custmers the right kind f questins and think f the pssible slutins which yu can prvide. Understand hw they feel accrding t a particular situatin, their bdy language, tne f vice and wrds they speak. Never make assumptins and think that yu knw what the custmers want.
Making custmers feel they are imprtant is an excellent way t serve them better. 34 The best way t d that is using their first name and finding ways f praising them in a sincere way.
In additin, there are sme ther skills which will help yu in serving yur custmers better. Fr example, nce yu finish slving the prblem fr the custmers, befre ending the call, always remember t ask if there is anything else yu can d fr them. End the call with a “thank yu”. If the custmers are angry, let them express their anger cmpletely. 35 Once they’ve finished speaking, try t calm them dwn by aplgizing.
In a wrd, always remember that if the custmers remain happy, yu’ll be in business.
A. Treat custmers as individuals.
B. Never interrupt r start speaking until they’ve finished.
C. Yu can bring in as many new custmers as yu want.
D. S custmer service is imprtant and yu shuld knw hw t imprve it.
E. Finding ut the needs f the custmers is anther imprtant custmer service tip.
F. Mre cmpanies are finding that their custmer service shuld nt be limited t stres.
G. It’s the quality f service that determines whether the custmer remains with the cmpany.
31. G 32. D 33. E 34. A 35. B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章就怎样专注于客户关系管理给出建议。
31. 由上文“Custmer service refers t the way that cmpanies behave twards their custmers. (客户服务是指公司对待客户的行为方式。)”可知，这里解释了什么是客户服务的概念，而G项It’s the quality f service that determines whether the custmer remains with the cmpany. (服务质量决定了客户是否留在公司。)符合语境，其中the quality f service与上文Custmer service对应，有承上作用。故选G项。
32. 由上文“Hwever, many a time rganizatins dn’t fcus n custmer relatinship management, and that’s what makes custmers angry, which is ne f the reasns why cmpanies lse their custmers. (然而，许多组织并不专注于客户关系管理，这就是让客户愤怒的原因，也是公司失去客户的原因之一。)”可知，这里主要讲处理不好客户关系，将会让公司失去客户，而D项S custmer service is imprtant and yu shuld knw hw t imprve it. (所以客户服务很重要，你应该知道如何改进它。)符合语境，其中s有承上作用，yu shuld knw hw t imprve it有启下作用。故选D项。
33. 由下文“Yu need t ask the custmers the right kind f questins and think f the pssible slutins which yu can prvide. Understand hw they feel accrding t a particular situatin, their bdy language, tne f vice and wrds they speak. Never make assumptins and think that yu knw what the custmers want. (你需要向客户提出正确的问题，并思考你可以提供的可能解决方案。了解他们在特定情况下的感受、肢体语言、语调和所说的话。永远不要想当然地认为你知道客户想要什么。)”可知，这里主要讲要了解顾客的需求。而E项Finding ut the needs f the custmers is anther imprtant custmer service tip. (了解客户的需求是另一个重要的客户服务技巧。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中Finding ut the needs f the custmers与下文Understand hw they feel对应。故选E项。
34. 由上文“Making custmers feel they are imprtant is an excellent way t serve them better. (让客户觉得他们很重要是更好地为他们服务的一个好方法。)”以及下文“The best way t d that is using their first name and finding ways f praising them in a sincere way. (做到这一点的最好方法是使用他们的名字，并找到真诚的方式赞美他们。)”可知，这里主要讲要让顾客感到个性化服务，而A项Treat custmers as individuals. (将客户视为个人。)符合语境，有启下作用。故选A项。
35. 由上文“If the custmers are angry, let them express their anger cmpletely. (如果顾客很生气，让他们完全表达自己的愤怒。)”可知，这里讲要让顾客怒气发出来，而B项Never interrupt r start speaking until they’ve finished. (在他们说完之前，千万不要打断或开始说话。)符合语境，其中they与上文the custmers 对应，Never interrupt 和下文 they’ve finished speaking对应，所以有承上启下作用。故选B项。
（2024上·北京·高三统考期末）We humans are cmparisn creatures. 36 This quality may have evlved as a means f helping us fit int the scial hierarchy (等级) f the cultures we inhabited. Regardless f the reasns, scial cmparisn plays a significant rle in hw we view and evaluate urselves, and hw we interact with ur wrld.
It used t be that ur primary reference f cmparisn was ur lcal cmmunities, primarily neighbrs and c-wrkers. Because we tend t gather arund thse similar t urselves in terms f educatinal level, wrk incme, and shared interests, the range f differences when we cmpared urselves t thers was fairly small. Unfrtunately, with the emergence f the Internet, we can nw cmpare urselves t literally anyne in the wrld. 37 What had in previus generatins been a small gap in ur cmparisns has nw becme s large and unattainable.
38 When s many peple that are easily discverable n the Internet seem t be s successful. famus, influential and beautiful, given ur preference t cmpare, it is difficult nt t have it influence hw we view urselves. Sadly, these cmparisns usually result in ur feeling inadequate and “less than”.
These harmful cmparisns als damage ur emtinal lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety f unpleasant and unhealthy emtins. We feel jealusy and envy fr what thers have and what we lack. 39
It’s ne thing t realize that yu cmpare yurself t thers. It’s anther thing t recgnize that scial cmparisn is ften crrsive (逐步侵蚀的) t yu in s many ways psychlgically and emtinally. It’s an entirely ther thing t stp yurself frm cmparing yurself t thers. 40
A. We are cnstantly measuring urselves against ther peple.
B. Yet it is pssible, and it is wrth the effrt fr yur mental health.
C. Thus, we are nw expsed t grups that are quite different frm us.
D. We believe that there is smething wrng with us cmpared t thers.
E. We can even feel bitterness and anger at thers fr the unfairness f it all.
F. Cmparing urselves t thers has the ptential t increase ur life experience.
G. This new level f cmparisn has huge implicatins fr ur psychlgical lives.
36. A 37. C 38. G 39. E 40. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人类生来喜爱比较，但互联网让人们比较的范围变得更大，对人们的生活也产生了一定影响。
36. 根据上文“We humans are cmparisn creatures.(我们人类是比较动物)”以及后文“This quality may have evlved as a means f helping us fit int the scial hierarchy (等级) f the cultures we inhabited.(这种品质可能是作为一种帮助我们融入我们所居住的文化的社会等级制度的手段而进化的)”可知，上文提到了人类是比较动物，且后文提到比较这种品质，可知本句主要对比较动物进行展开说明，说明人类爱和别人比较。故A选项“我们总是拿自己和别人比较”符合语境，故选A。
37. 根据上文“Unfrtunately, with the emergence f the Internet, we can nw cmpare urselves t literally anyne in the wrld.(不幸的是，随着互联网的出现，我们现在可以将自己与世界上的任何人进行比较)”以及后文“What had in previus generatins been a small gap in ur cmparisns has nw becme s large and unattainable.(在我们的比较中，前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，难以企及)”可知，上文提到了互联网让我们可以和世界上的任何人进行比较，且后文提到了前几代人的小差距现在变得如此之大，说明互联网导致比较的群体发生了变化，C选项“因此，我们现在接触到的群体与我们完全不同”符合语境，故选C。
38. 根据后文内容“When s many peple that are easily discverable n the Internet seem t be s successful. famus, influential and beautiful, given ur preference t cmpare, it is difficult nt t have it influence hw we view urselves. Sadly, these cmparisns usually result in ur feeling inadequate and “less than”.(当这么多在互联网上很容易被发现的人看起来很成功的时候。名气、影响力和美貌，考虑到我们喜欢攀比，很难不影响我们对自己的看法。可悲的是，这些比较通常会导致我们感觉不足和“不如”)”可知，后文提到了互联网的比较影响了我们对自己的看法，导致我们感觉不足和“不如”，说明这种比较对我们的心理产生了影响。故G选项“这种新的比较水平对我们的心理生活有着巨大的影响”符合语境，故选G。
39. 根据上文“These harmful cmparisns als damage ur emtinal lives. When we feel lacking, we experience a variety f unpleasant and unhealthy emtins. We feel jealusy and envy fr what thers have and what we lack.(这些有害的比较也会损害我们的情感生活。当我们感到匮乏时，我们会经历各种不愉快和不健康的情绪。我们对别人所拥有的和我们所缺乏的感到嫉妒和羡慕)”可知，本段的主旨是有害的比较会损害情感生活，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，主要说明对别人的比较产生的一些负面情绪。故E选项“我们甚至会对别人的不公平感到痛苦和愤怒”符合语境，故选E。
40. 根据上文“It’s ne thing t realize that yu cmpare yurself t thers. It’s anther thing t recgnize that scial cmparisn is ften crrsive (逐步侵蚀的) t yu in s many ways psychlgically and emtinally. It’s an entirely ther thing t stp yurself frm cmparing yurself t thers.(意识到你和别人比较是一回事。认识到社会比较通常在心理和情感上对你有多方面的腐蚀性是另一回事。阻止自己和别人比较完全是另一回事)”可知，上文提到了阻止自己和别人进行比较是另一回事，本句为本段最后一句，故说明阻止自己和别人比较所带来的影响，故B选项“但这是可能的，而且为了你的心理健康，这是值得的”符合语境，故选B。
（2024上·北京朝阳·高三统考期末）When yu g t cncerts, yu expect yur favrite musician t perfrm amazingly n stage. But yu may have nticed smething curius that mst musicians dn’t just play with their fingers. They als invlve bdy mvements that fit the sng’s beat r dance fllwing the music. 41 The facial expressins musicians shw when playing may seem strange r crazy t an utsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpse.
Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense fcus and cncentratin. 42 Their facial expressins can be a demnstratin f the intense emtins and physical effrt that g hand-in-hand with musical perfrmance. They’re ften subcnscius-in fact, many f us will pull strange faces when we’re deeply invlved in an activity we care abut.
43 Musicians have a strng emtinal cnnectin with the music they perfrm. They ften use their facial expressins t express the md and interpretatin f the music, which creates a mre engaging musical experience. While facial expressins may nt directly make smene a better musician, they might cntribute t the verall artistry f the music.
Perfrming live music is a rather stressful experience, s it culd be that the perfrmer is expressing thse nerves thrugh their face-biting the bttm lip, fr example. Luckily, nerves will ften g away sn after a musician starts perfrming. 44
The facial expressins bviusly t sme extent express the perfrmer’s inner wrld. Anther interesting thing is that making facial expressins can have a physilgical impact n the musician’s perfrmance. Sme research suggests that certain facial mvements can activate specific muscles and imprve muscle harmnizatin. 45 Hwever, it’s imprtant t nte that this relatinship is still nt well understd, and the extent t which facial expressins directly impact musical cmpetence is a subject f nging investigatin.
A. When yu’re really fcused, yu dn’t care abut the utside wrld.
B. Amng them the part f the bdy that best exhibits this is bviusly the face.
C. They likely wn’t be the main cause fr thse strange faces thrughut a perfrmance.
D. Such effects are particularly helpful in cntrlling muscles when playing an instrument.
E. Facial expressins can als help musicians cmmunicate emtins and artistic expressin.
F. Musicians are ften vercme with emtin frm the music itself r the reactin f the crwd.
G. Musicians ften enter a state f “flw”, where they becme cmpletely absrbed in the music they’re creating.
41. B 42. G 43. E 44. C 45. D
【导语】本文是说明文。音乐家演奏时不只是用手指演奏还会有身体动作，其中一个身体动作就是面部表情。文章主要介绍了音乐家演奏时使用面部表情给他们带来的好处。
41. 上文“But yu may have nticed smething curius that mst musicians dn’t just play with their fingers. They als invlve bdy mvements that fit the sng’s beat r dance fllwing the music. (但您可能已经注意到一些奇怪的事情，大多数音乐家不只是用手指演奏。还包括适应歌曲节奏或舞蹈音乐的身体动作。)”可知，音乐家不仅用手指演奏，还会用身体动作，下文“The facial expressins musicians shw when playing may seem strange r crazy t an utsider, but all that pulling faces might actually serve a purpse.(音乐家在演奏时表现出的面部表情对于局外人来说可能看起来很奇怪或疯狂，但所有这些表情实际上可能都是有目的的。)”指出了音乐家在演奏时的面部表情是什么样的，由此可知，空处应指出音乐家的身体动作之一就是面部表情，B项“其中最能体现这一点的身体部位显然就是脸部。”承上启下，them代指上文“bdy mvements”，故选B。
42. 上文“Firstly, playing a musical instrument usually requires intense fcus and cncentratin.(首先，演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力)”指出演奏乐器通常需要高度集中注意力，所以音乐家会在演奏时完全沉浸于表演中，G项“音乐家经常进入一种“心流”状态，他们完全沉浸在他们正在创作的音乐中。”承接上文，故选G。
43. 上文“Their facial expressins can be a demnstratin f the intense emtins and physical effrt that g hand-in-hand with musical perfrmance.(他们的面部表情可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力。)”指出面部表情的好处之一是可以表现出与音乐表演密切相关的强烈情感和体力，下文“Musicians have a strng emtinal cnnectin with the music they perfrm. They ften use their facial expressins t express the md and interpretatin f the music, which creates a mre engaging musical experience. (音乐家与他们演奏的音乐有着强烈的情感联系。他们经常用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪和诠释，从而创造出更具吸引力的音乐体验。)”指出音乐家用面部表情来表达音乐的情绪，E项“面部表情还可以帮助音乐家交流情感和艺术表达。”介绍了面部表情的其他好处，故选E。
44. 上文“Perfrming live music is a rather stressful experience, s it culd be that the perfrmer is expressing thse nerves thrugh their face-biting the bttm lip, fr example. Luckily, nerves will ften g away sn after a musician starts perfrming.(表演现场音乐是一种相当紧张的体验，因此表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达这些紧张情绪。幸运的是，音乐家开始表演后，紧张往往很快就会消失)”指出表演者可能会通过咬下嘴唇等方式来表达紧张情绪，但是音乐家在表演的时候不会出现紧张情绪，所以紧张情绪不是音乐家出现这些奇怪面部表情的原因，C项“它们可能不会成为整个表演过程中出现这些奇怪面孔的主要原因。”承接上文，they代指上文的nerves，故选C。
45. 上文“Anther interesting thing is that making facial expressins can have a physilgical impact n the musician’s perfrmance. Sme research suggests that certain facial mvements can activate specific muscles and imprve muscle harmnizatin.(另一件有趣的事情是，面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响。一些研究表明，某些面部动作可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性)”指出面部表情会对音乐家的表演产生生理影响——可以激活特定的肌肉并改善肌肉的协调性，空处承接上文，指出这种生理影响对音乐家表演时所带来的好处，D项“这种效果对于演奏乐器时控制肌肉特别有帮助。”符合语境，Such effects呼应上文的activate specific muscles and imprve muscle harmnizatin，故选D。
（2023上·北京顺义·高三统考期末）Late-night eating has lng been cnnected t a higher risk fr besity r verweight, which can pse all kinds f risks t yur heart.
46 A recent study fund that when meals are delayed by fur hurs — say eating at 10:30 PM rather than 6:30 PM and keeping all ther lifestyle factrs the same, peple burn fewer calries, have strnger appetite, and experience changes in fat tissue that prmte weight gain, accrding t the study’s authr.
The study was rather small, featuring nly 16 verweight r bese peple. 47 In the weeks befre, they maintained a regular sleep schedule and stuck t identical diets and meal times at hme. Each participant reprted n their hunger and appetite, and prvided data needed. Besides feeling hungrier, burning fewer calries, and shwing changes in fat tissue, late eating als impacted the hunger-regulating hermnes (荷尔蒙) ghrelin and leptin. Ghrelin is the hrmne that tells yu when t eat, while leptin tells yu when yu’ve had enugh. 48
The slutin may be relatively simple. Keeping yur eating schedule in line with yur bdy’s natural clck makes sense. 49 It can minimize weight gain and reduce the risk fr high bld pressure and ther heart disease risk factrs. Besides, try eating a big breakfast, slightly smaller lunch, and small dinner with healthy snacks thrughut the day. 50 S pay attentin t prtin (食物的一份) sizes and what yu’re eating.
A. Of curse, nt everyne’s natural bdy clck is the same.
B. Researchers may have learned why meal timing culd impact fat gain.
C. A survey has revealed that a grwing number f peple are verweight.
D. They each stuck t a strict early r late meal schedule fr ne day in a lab.
E. Remember, what yu eat and hw much is likely mre imprtant than when.
F. Eating mre early in the day and less as it prgresses may be the best strategy.
G. The study fund that leptin drpped by 16 percent when peple delayed their meals.
46. B 47. D 48. G 49. F 50. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了吃饭的时间会影响食欲和体重，并提出相关建议。
46. 下文“ A recent study fund that when meals are delayed by fur hurs — say eating at 10:30 PM rather than 6:30 PM and keeping all ther lifestyle factrs the same, peple burn fewer calries, have strnger appetite, and experience changes in fat tissue that prmte weight gain, accrding t the study’s authr.(最近的一项研究发现，如果吃饭时间推迟了4个小时——比如在晚上10点半吃饭，而不是6点半，并且保持其他生活方式不变，根据该研究的作者所说，人们燃烧的卡路里会更少，食欲会更强，脂肪组织的变化会促进体重增加。)”通过举例来说明用餐时间所产生的影响，是对B选项“Researchers may have learned why meal timing culd impact fat gain.(研究人员可能已经了解了为什么用餐时间会影响脂肪的增加。)”中研究成果的阐述，说明了用餐时间如何导致脂肪的增加，上下文语意连贯。故选B。
47. 下文“In the weeks befre, they maintained a regular sleep schedule and stuck t identical diets and meal times at hme. (在此之前的几周里，他们保持着规律的睡眠时间表，在家里坚持相同的饮食和用餐时间。)”提到实验对象在实验前几周的准备工作，根据句中时间状语“In the weeks befre”可推知，上文设空处应介绍实验当日的情况，D选项“They each stuck t a strict early r late meal schedule fr ne day in a lab.(在实验室里，他们每个人都严格遵守早或晚的用餐时间表。)”符合语境。故选D。
48. 上文“Ghrelin is the hrmne that tells yu when t eat, while leptin tells yu when yu’ve had enugh. (胃饥饿素是一种告诉你什么时候该吃东西的激素，而瘦素告诉你什么时候吃饱了。)”提出饿素和瘦素的作用。G选项“The study fund that leptin drpped by 16 percent when peple delayed their meals.(研究发现，当人们推迟吃饭时，瘦素水平会下降16%。)”中说明推迟吃饭会导致瘦素水平下降，会让人多吃东西，上下文语意连贯，句中“leptin”是关键词。故选G。
49. 上文“Keeping yur eating schedule in line with yur bdy’s natural clck makes sense. (让你的饮食计划与你身体的生物钟保持一致是有意义的)”提出让饮食计划与生物钟保持一致，F选项“Eating mre early in the day and less as it prgresses may be the best strategy.(早上多吃点，随着时间发展少吃点可能是最好的策略。)”给出具体建议，即早上多吃，后面少吃，下文“It can minimize weight gain and reduce the risk fr high bld pressure and ther heart disease risk factrs. (它可以最大限度地减少体重增加，降低患高血压和其他心脏病风险因素的风险。)”说明这样做的好处。上下文语意连贯。故选F。
50. 根据下文的“S pay attentin t prtin (食物的一份) sizes and what yu’re eating.(所以要注意食物的分量和你吃的东西。)”中“S”可知，上下文之间是因果关系，E选项“Remember, what yu eat and hw much is likely mre imprtant than when.( 记住，你吃什么和吃多少可能比什么时候吃更重要。)”指出吃什么和吃多少更重要，与下文构成因果关系，句中“what yu eat and hw much”与下文“prtin (食物的一份) sizes and what yu’re eating”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选E。