2023~2024学年山东省聊城市高二上期末英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2023~2024学年山东省聊城市高二上期末英语试卷（解析版），共24页。试卷主要包含了 5分，满分7等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When des the museum clse n Sundays?
A. At 6: 00 p. m. B. At 7: 00 p. m. C. At 8: 00 p. m.
2. Where will the wman prbably g?
A. T the pst ffice. B. T the lcal shp. C. T the supermarket.
3. What is the relatinship between the speakers?
A. Parent and teacher. B. Emplyer and emplyee. C. Teacher and student.
4. Hw des the wman sund?
A. Surprised. B. Optimistic. C. Sad.
5. What are the speakers currently abut t d?
A. Walk nt a stage. B. Learn t play the drums. C. Make an annuncement.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Which cuntry did the wman g t last year?
A. New Zealand. B. Australia. C. Japan.
7. What is strictly frbidden in the train in Japan?
A. Speaking t a stranger. B. Carrying meat prducts. C. Talking n the phne.
听第7段材料. 回答第8、9题。
8. What is prbably the wman?
A. A salespersn. B. A secretary. C. A manager.
9. Why des Jhn Green want t speak t Mark Brwn?
A. T discuss the new rder.
B. T infrm him f a meeting.
C. T talk abut persnal prblems.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What happened t the man?
A. He failed a test. B. He lst his class ntes. C. He missed a class.
11. Why wn’t DME be n the market sn?
A. It is less effective. B. It pllutes the air badly. C. It is expensive t prduce.
12. What is the wman’s suggestin t the man?
A. Reviewing the ntes. B. Taking a test. C. Brrwing sme bks.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where are the speakers nw?
A. In a frest. B. In a schl. C. In a hspital.
14. What wuld the man mst prbably want t d fr a living?
A. Own a pet shp. B. Medically treat animals. C. Wrk fr wildlife cnservatin.
15. What encuraged the wman in her jb?
A. Her interest in wildlife. B. Her custmers’ gratitude. C. Her recvery frm illness.
16. What is prbably the mst challenging thing abut the wman’s jb?
A. Wrking lng hurs. B. Traveling a lt fr business. C. Dealing with upset custmers.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Wh gave Crssman a Chinese name?
A. His brther. B. A Chinese teacher. C. A captain.
18. When did Crssman mve t Beijing?
A. In 1981. B. In 1997. C. In 1990.
19. What is Crssman’s dream abut China?
A. Settling in China. B. Starting his wn business. C. Serving as a vlunteer.
20. Hw des Crssman find taxi drivers in Beijing?
A. Knwledgeable. B. Talkative. C. Patient.
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Letters t custmers
Letter 1
Dear Mr Jhnsn,
Thanks fr yur lng-term trust. We take great pleasure in annuncing that ur latest prduct, the 1000-watt hme theater system, has cme nt the market.
The device cmes with five speakers. It is Bluetth-enabled and has a USB prt. The sund quality and picture quality are utstanding.
Grab yurs tday! Cntact us at 999-999-999.
Helen
Letter 2
Dear Miss Turner,
We are grateful fr yur gd review f ur printer. T express ur thanks, we’d like t give yu a special ffer. In the upcming three mnths, yu will get ne free cartridge (墨盒) fr any three that yu buy. It als applies t any paper yu buy.
Please shw this nte t us when yu visit ur stre. It will make sure yu can get the ffer and a significant discunt n ther prducts.
Call us at 333-555-999 if yu have any questins.
Nichlas
Letter 3
Dear Mr Davis,
We’d like t cngratulate yu n the wnership f the new muntain bike. This bike is the first t succeed in all the standard safety tests set by the Cycling Assciatin f America. Yu can get a free bike repair service within the first mnth f yur purchase.
We als trade in ld and new bikes. Fr mre infrmatin, call us at 223-334-445.
Bb
Letter 4
Dear Miss Smith,
I am delighted that yu are satisfied with the washer and dryer purchased frm ur stre.
If yu experience any damage within the first six mnths f yur purchase, we will repair them at n cst. After that, we ffer cmpetitive rates t ensure yur cntinued satisfactin.
Please feel free t cntact us at 111-222-111 fr any further infrmatin.
Amy
1. What’s Helen’s purpse in writing t Mr Jhnsn?
A. T shw her trust.
B. T cnfirm an rder.
C. T prmte a new prduct.
D. T seek pinins n their prduct.
2. What shuld Miss Turner d t ensure a discunt n a new prduct?
A. Give praise fr the cartridge.
B. Bring the nte t the stre.
C. Buy at least fur cartridges.
D. Recmmend the printer t thers.
3. What d Letter 3 and Letter 4 have in cmmn?
A. Bth ffer free maintenance.
B. Bth stress the safety f prducts.
C. Bth display cmpetitive prduct rates.
D. Bth invlve the trade f new and ld prducts.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A
【语篇解读】本文是篇应用文。文章展示了几封写给顾客的信件。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Letter 1”中的“We take great pleasure in annuncing that ur latest prduct, the 1000-watt hme theater system, has cme nt the market.”（我们非常高兴地宣布，我们的最新产品——1000瓦的家庭影院系统已经投放市场。）和“Grab yurs tday!”（抓住你的！）可知，Helen给Mr. Jhnsn写信是为了推销他们的最新产品。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Letter 2”中的“Please shw this nte t us when yu visit ur stre. It will make sure yu can get the ffer and a significant discunt n ther prducts.”（当您光临本店时，请出示这张字条。它将确保你能得到特价和其他产品的优惠折扣。）可知，Miss Turner应该带这张字条去店里，以确保可以得到新产品的折扣。故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据“Letter 3”中的“Yu can get a free bike repair service within the first mnth f yur purchase.”（你可以在购买后的第一个月内得到免费的自行车维修服务。）和“Letter 4”中的“If yu experience any damage within the first six mnths f yur purchase, we will repair them at n cst.”（如果您在购买后的前六个月内遇到任何损坏，我们将免费维修。）可知，这两封信中都提到可以提供免费的维修服务。故选A。
B
The Natinal Center fr Educatin Statistics reprts that abut ne in five adults in the US is illiterate (不识字的) r has pr literacy skills. I Lve Bks is n a missin t change that.
Funded in 2021, the scial rganizatin aims t end illiteracy by making sure that all children have access t bks. Thrugh selling clthes and ther things nline, the rganizatin is able t prvide new bks fr the yuth. S far, it has dnated mre than 3,000 bks t pupils acrss three Kentucky cities.
“One f the difficulties in achieving high literacy fr kids living in pverty is that there are n bks in their hmes r cmmunities. Their schls may nt have a lt f bks, either,” said Jnathan Beatty, the funder f I Lve Bks. “If yu’re a parent and yu have t chse between yur meal, rent, r whatever bill that yu may need t pay and a bk, yu’d prbably chse the frmer.”
T increase access t bks fr future generatins, I Lve Bks hsts a bk-giving activity quarterly, wrking with schls and nn-prfit rganizatins. In the first bk-giving event, mre than 300 children frm William Wells Brwn Elementary gt their wn cpies f LeBrn James’ I Prmise, which was read at the schl each mrning. “Mst f the bks are well received by teachers and students,” the headmaster f the schl tld Nice News.
The rganizatin als hsts a prgram called BAM, which cmbines bks, art, and music. “What if we shw hw literacy gives yu the ability t write sngs r understand music lyrics better? If yu want t be an artist, yu need t read mre abut art t create yur wn.” said Beatty. He believes the prgram will be attractive t mre yung peple.
4. Hw des I Lve Bks get mney fr its dnatins?
A. By selling children’s bks.
B. By giving speeches in schls.
C. By making a sale f prducts.
D. By receiving peple’s dnatins.
5. What can we infer frm Jnathan Beatty’s wrds in paragraph 3?
A. Mst children shw little interest in bks.
B. Pr children have limited access t bks.
C. Parents knw little abut their children’s preferences.
D. Schls pay much attentin t their students’ educatin.
6. What did the schl headmaster think f the bk-giving activity?
A. Satisfying.B. Surprising.C. Interesting.D. Challenging.
7. What is the purpse f the prgram BAM?
A. T encurage musicians t write their wn sngs.
B. T develp kids’ ability t draw pictures.
C. T spread literacy amng yung peple.
D. T prvide help fr pr artists.
【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了社会公益组织“I Lve Bks”，该组织旨在于通过确保所有儿童都能获得书籍来消除文盲。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Thrugh selling clthes and ther things nline, the rganizatin is able t prvide new bks fr the yuth. S far, it has dnated mre than 3,000 bks t pupils acrss three Kentucky cities.(通过在网上出售衣服和其他东西，该组织能够为年轻人提供新书。到目前为止，它已经向肯塔基州三个城市的学生捐赠了3000多本书)”可知， “我爱书（I Lve Bks）”这个组织通过在网上销售商品来获得捐赠书籍的资金。故选C。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““One f the difficulties in achieving high literacy fr kids living in pverty is that there are n bks in their hmes r cmmunities. Their schls may nt have a lt f bks, either,” said Jnathan Beatty, the funder f I Lve Bks. “If yu’re a parent and yu have t chse between yur meal, rent, r whatever bill that yu may need t pay and a bk, yu’d prbably chse the frmer.”(‘让生活在贫困中的孩子获得高识字率的困难之一是，他们的家庭或社区里没有书。他们的学校可能也没有很多书，’I Lve Bks的创始人Jnathan Beatty说：‘如果你是父母，你必须在吃饭、房租或任何你可能需要支付的账单和一本书之间做出选择，你可能会选择前者。’)” 可知，生活在贫困中孩子很难提高识字率，因为他们的家庭会把仅有的钱用于生存必需品而不是书籍上，他们的社区和学校也可能没有书；由此推知，Jnathan Beatty的话表明贫困儿童接触到书籍的机会有限。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In the first bk-giving event, mre than 300 children frm William Wells Brwn Elementary gt their wn cpies f LeBrn James’ I Prmise, which was read at the schl each mrning. “Mst f the bks are well received by teachers and students,” the headmaster f the schl tld Nice News.(在第一场赠书活动中，来自威廉威尔斯布朗小学的300多名孩子得到了自己的LeBrn James写的《我保证》一书，这本书每天早上都会在学校里朗读。该校校长在接受《Nice News》采访时表示：‘大多数书都受到了老师和学生的欢迎。’)”可知，这一次赠书活动中大多数书都受到了老师和学生的欢迎；由此推知，这位校长对这次赠书活动很满意。故选A。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The rganizatin als hsts a prgram called BAM, which cmbines bks, art, and music. “What if we shw hw literacy gives yu the ability t write sngs r understand music lyrics better? If yu want t be an artist, yu need t read mre abut art t create yur wn.” said Beatty. He believes the prgram will be attractive t mre yung peple.(该组织还举办了一个名为BAM的项目，该项目将书籍、艺术和音乐相结合。Beatty说：‘如果我们展示识字是如何让你更好地创作歌曲或理解歌词的呢？如果你想成为一名艺术家，你需要更多地阅读艺术知识，才能创作出自己的作品。’。他相信这个项目会吸引更多的年轻人。)”可知，BAM项目将书籍、艺术和音乐相结合，通过展示识字能够帮助更好地创作歌曲或理解歌词，以及阅读艺术知识才能创作自己的艺术作品来吸引更多年轻人去读书；由此可知，BAM的目的是在年轻人中普及读写能力。故选C。
C
Humans and hrses have enjyed strng wrking relatinships fr nearly 10,000 years. Can these age-ld relatinships teach us smething abut building rbts? Researchers at the University f Flrida carried ut research and said yes. “As we wrk t imprve hw humans cmmunicate with rbts, I thught why nt learn frm ur partnership with hrses t help slve the prblem f natural interactin between humans and rbts?” said Eakta Jain, an assciate prfessr f cmputer and infrmatin science and engineering.
Lking at ur histry with animals t help shape ur future with rbts is nthing new. But Jain and her clleagues are the first t d n-the-grund field studies with hrses.
Jain first reached ut t Jel McQuagge, wh managed the UF Hrse Teaching Unit. He prvided Jain with full access, s Jain spent mnths bserving classes. She interviewed and bserved hrse experts, including hrse trainers and wners. Jain’s ntes resulted in findings and design ideas that can be applied by rbt designers.
“Sme f the findings are easy t visualize, while thers are nt very specific,” Jain said. “Fr example, we learned that a hrse speaks with its bdy. Yu can see its ears pinting t where smething caught its attentin. We culd build similar types f expressins withut speech in ur rbts, like ears that pint t smething visual in the car when there’s a persn walking n that side f the street.”
A grundbreaking finding is the sense f respect. When a trainer wrks with a hrse, he lks fr signs f respect frm the hrse fr its human partner. “We dn’t typically think abut respect in the situatin f human-rbt interactin,” Jain says. “We can design behavirs similar t what the hrse uses. Maybe that will make humans mre willing t wrk with the rbt.”
8. What is Jain’s basic idea fr the research?
A. Rbts can have an influence n hrse training.
B. Humans can cmmunicate with hrses better.
C. Rbts may bring mre changes t humans.
D. Human-hrse relatinships may help imprve rbts.
9. Hw did Jain carry ut her research?
A. She interviewed engineers and rbt designers.
B. She wrked with hrse experts fr bservatins.
C. She discussed her design with rbt and hrse experts.
D. She checked histrical recrds f human-hrse partnerships.
10. What lessn can rbt designers draw frm Jain’s findings?
A. Bdy language can be designed int rbts.
B. Rbts may better understand nn-speech instructins.
C. Humans shuld learn t shw respect fr rbts.
D. Rbts can perfrm better than hrses in lcating things.
11. Which f the fllwing can be a suitable title fr the text?
A. Hw Can We Get n Well with Rbts?
B. Culd Rbts Replace Hrses in the Future?
C. Rbts Make Effrts t Learn frm Hrses
D. Learn frm Hrses, Build Better Rbts
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。研究人员通过观察马与人类之间的互动关系，认为在建造机器人时可以在非语言交流和尊重等方面借鉴一些经验。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““As we wrk t imprve hw humans cmmunicate with rbts, I thught why nt learn frm ur partnership with hrses t help slve the prblem f natural interactin between humans and rbts?” said Eakta Jain, an assciate prfessr f cmputer and infrmatin science and engineering.(“当我们努力改善人类与机器人的交流方式时，我想为什么不从我们与马的合作中学习，帮助解决人类与机器人之间的自然互动问题呢?”计算机与信息科学与工程副教授Eakta Jain说)”可知，Jain研究的基本思想是人与马的关系可能有助于改进机器人。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Jain spent mnths bserving classes. She interviewed and bserved hrse experts(Jain花了几个月的时间观察课程。她采访并观察了马专家)”可知，Jain花了几个月的时间在马匹教学课上进行观察，并且她采访了马匹专家，即她与这些人合作实地开展研究，获得观测结果。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“We culd build similar types f expressins withut speech in ur rbts, like ears that pint t smething visual in the car when there’s a persn walking n that side f the street.(我们可以让机器人在没有语言的情况下建立类似的表情，比如当有人走在街道的另一边时，它们的耳朵会指向车内的视觉物体)”可推知，可以模仿马的行为在机器人中建立类似的无语言表达，即肢体语言可以被设计成机器人。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“As we wrk t imprve hw humans cmmunicate with rbts, I thught why nt learn frm ur partnership with hrses t help slve the prblem f natural interactin between humans and rbts?(当我们致力于改善人类与机器人的交流方式时，我想为什么不从我们与马的合作中学习，来帮助解决人类与机器人之间的自然互动问题呢？)”可知，文章主要介绍了通过观察马与人类之间的互动关系，研究人员认为在建造机器人时可以借鉴一些经验，由此可知D项“向马学习，造更好的机器人”最符合文章标题。故选D。
D
Mbile Bay in Alabama is hme t a strange and unique ccurrence. During the summer mnths, hundreds f fish and crustaceans (甲壳纲动物) frm the deep waters f the bay mve t the shallw waters. The free seafd is s plentiful and easy t catch with nets r bare hands that lcals gather t fill their buckets with it. This natural phenmenn has existed fr centuries.
Sarah Van Winkle, a student at the Alabama Schl f Math & Science, is n stranger t the scene. Grwing up there, the rich plants and animals never stp t amaze her.
As the wrld’s ceans face numerus issues such as pllutin, verfishing, and habitat destructin, she intended t figure ut whether Mbile Bay was experiencing similar envirnmental threats in her mst recent science prject. Sarah studied the envirnment f Mbile Bay and she even extended the range f the research t the Mbile Tensaw-Delta, and the canals f a living district in Fairhpe, Alabama. She analyzed key nutrient and metal levels in the cean ecsystem.
Thrugh the prject, Sarah fund that turbidity, an imprtant indicatr f water quality, increased sharply. This result shwed, clearly that the area is filled with tiny pieces f matter, making the water there quite paque.
Fr the prject. Sarah was chsen as ne f this year’s 24 Sciety fr Science & the Public Cmmunity Innvatin Award winners. “T me, this hnr symblizes that the ten mnths f late night readings, weekend field trips, and after-schl sessins in the labratry have truly cme t fruitin and impacted lives,” Sarah nted.
“Our lcal cean ecsystem is in danger f chemical pllutin frm a variety f surces,” Sarah explained in an interview. “The bay plays a vital rle in ur cmmunity and every lcal shuld value what the bay ffers. It’s ur respnsibility t wrk tgether t preserve it.”
12. What’s the unusual scene in Mbile Bay in summer mnths?
A. The water’s becming shallw and clear.
B. The decline f the natural envirnment.
C. The fld f seafd int shallw waters.
D. The lcals’ grwing interest in fishing with buckets.
13. What des the underlined wrd “paque” mean in paragraph 4?
A. Fresh.B. Cludy.C. Clear.D. Shallw.
14. What can we learn frm Sarah’s winning an award?
A. Hard wrk pays ff.B. Time waits fr n man.
C. Practice makes perfect.D. Failure is the mther f success.
15. What des Sarah mainly stress in the interview?
A. The fcus f her future wrk.B. Her cncern fr the lcal peple.
C. The cmplexity f the lcal cean system.D. Her expectatin f prtecting the bay.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了阿拉巴马州数学与科学学院的学生萨拉·凡·温克尔因为保护海洋环境被选为今年24个科学与公共社区创新奖得主之一。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Mbile Bay in Alabama is hme t a strange and unique ccurrence. During the summer mnths, hundreds f fish and crustaceans (甲壳纲动物) frm the deep waters f the bay mve t the shallw waters. (阿拉巴马州的莫比尔湾发生了一件奇怪而独特的事情。在夏季的几个月里，成百上千的鱼类和甲壳类动物从海湾的深水区迁移到浅水区。)”可知，夏季莫比尔湾不寻常的景色使海产品涌入浅水区。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Thrugh the prject, Sarah fund that turbidity, an imprtant indicatr f water quality, increased sharply. (Sarah通过项目发现，浑浊度这一水质的重要指标急剧增加。)”以及“the area is filled with tiny pieces f matter, making the water there quite”可知，结果清楚地表明，这个区域充满了微小的物质，使得那里的水相当不新鲜。故划线词意思是“浑浊的”。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段““T me, this hnr symblizes that the ten mnths f late night readings, weekend field trips, and after-schl sessins in the labratry have truly cme t fruitin and impacted lives,” Sarah nted. (萨拉说：“对我来说，这一荣誉象征着十个月的深夜阅读、周末实地考察和课后在实验室的学习真正取得了成果，并影响了我的生活。”)”可知，萨拉获奖告诉我们努力有回报。故选A。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The bay plays a vital rle in ur cmmunity and every lcal shuld value what the bay ffers. It’s ur respnsibility t wrk tgether t preserve it. (海湾在我们的社区中扮演着至关重要的角色，每个当地人都应该珍惜海湾提供的东西。我们有责任共同努力保护它。)”可知，萨拉在采访中主要强调了她对保护海湾的期望。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Rucking is a term used t describe a march r hike with weight. This is cmmnly dne using a weighted backpack. It is nw a ppular frm f physical exercise, beneficial t ur bdy and mind. ___16___ . Here are sme ntewrthy things if yu plan t give it a try.
Chse the right backpack
Lk fr a backpack that is cmfrtable and fits well, with enugh rm t carry the weight yu’ll use and necessities like water. ___17___. After all, a suitable backpack is crucial t ding rucking successfully.
Add weight gradually
Sme studies recmmend carrying a lad f 30 percent f yur weight, Others. hwever, shw participants experience discmfrt carrying 20 percent f their weight when exercising fr mre than an hur. ___18___ .
Begin with shrt walks and lw frequency
A study n female hikers reprted that many experienced negative muscle changes after just 2 km f walking. ___19___ . The same can be said fr frequency. Start with ne t tw sessins per week, aiming t reach the recmmended time per week eventually.
___20___
If yu experience pain r discmfrt while ding rucking, take a break and adjust the weight r yur psture. If such unpleasant feelings cntinue, stp rucking immediately and seek medical help. Never stick t rucking while feeling bad just t cmpare yurself with thers. That actually breaks yur initial intentin f ding rucking.
Anyway, rucking wn’t be great exercise unless yu fllw all the ds and dn’ts fr it.
A. Listen t yur bdy
B. Stp cmpeting with thers
C. Turn t prfessinals fr advice if necessary
D. Therefre, find the best weight fr yu and increase it bit by bit
E. This helps build yur strength and reduce the risk f injury
F. S it’s best t plan a shrt rute fr the first few times and lengthen it slwly
G. Hwever, like any exercise, rucking desn’t cme withut risk, especially fr beginners
【答案】16. G 17. C 18. D 19. F 20. A
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了负重行走的一些注意事项和建议。
【16题详解】
根据后文“Here are sme ntewrthy things if yu plan t give it a try. (如果你打算尝试一下，这里有一些值得注意的事情。)”可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出这项活动存在风险。故G选项“然而，像任何运动一样，蹦极也不是没有风险的，尤其是对初学者来说”符合语境，故选G。
【17题详解】
根据上文“Lk fr a backpack that is cmfrtable and fits well, with enugh rm t carry the weight yu’ll use and necessities like water. (找一个舒适、合适的背包，有足够的空间来携带你将要使用的重量和必需品，比如水。)”以及后文“After all, a suitable backpack is crucial t ding rucking successfully. (毕竟，一个合适的背包是成功登山的关键。)”可知，后文强调了背包的重要性，可推测本句是在说明挑选背包的建议。故C选项“必要时向专业人士寻求建议”符合语境，故选C。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Sme studies recmmend carrying a lad f 30 percent f yur weight. Others. hwever, shw participants experience discmfrt carrying 20 percent f their weight when exercising fr mre than an hur. (一些研究建议负重为体重的30%。然而，其他研究显示节目参与者在运动超过一个小时时，负重20%的体重会感到不舒服。)”可知，上文提到了负重20%的体重会感到不舒服，可知本句与上文构成因果关系，指出重量应该如何增加。故D选项“因此，找到最适合自己的重量，一点一点地增加”符合语境，故选D。
【19题详解】
根据上文“A study n female hikers reprted that many experienced negative muscle changes after just 2 km f walking. (一项针对女性徒步旅行者的研究报告称，许多人在仅仅步行2公里后就经历了负面的肌肉变化。)”可知，上文提到了仅仅步行2公里后就经历了负面的肌肉变化，可知本句与上文构成因果关系，指出该如何选择路线的长短。故F选项“所以最好在开始几次的时候计划一条短路线，然后慢慢延长”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据本段内容“If yu experience pain r discmfrt while ding rucking, take a break and adjust the weight r yur psture. If such unpleasant feelings cntinue, stp rucking immediately and seek medical help. Never stick t rucking while feeling bad just t cmpare yurself with thers. That actually breaks yur initial intentin f ding rucking. (如果你感到疼痛或不舒服，休息一下，调整一下重量或姿势。如果这种不愉快的感觉继续，立即停止打闹并寻求医疗帮助。永远不要在感觉不好的时候坚持负重行走，只是为了和别人比较。这实际上违背了你最初的意图)。”可知，本段主要说明了不要在感觉不好的时候负重行走，即跟随身体的感受。故A选项“倾听你的身体”符合语境，故选A。
第三部分语言运用(共三节，满分35分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My grandchild, Harld, was ging t celebrate his 7th birthday. And he said he wanted sme fudge (软糖) made by me as a gift.
Abut twenty years ag, there was a candy-making ___21___ in my hmetwn. The winners culd get a year’s free sweets frm candy cmpanies. That culdn’t be mre ___22___ t me, s I learned t make fudge at hme. I tried a dzen times, ___23___ with little success. I ___24___ that maybe I wasn’t cut ut fr this, s I ___25___ . Harld remembered me telling f the ___26___ . Befre I culd explain, he went away with the ___27___ that I culd make delicius fudge. Since he wanted in badly, I decided t try again.
I fllwed the recipe ___28___ , afraid that I culd g ___29___ . Finally, I made it t the last step, which said I shuld “stir the cked mixture until it desn’t lk shiny”. Well, the ___30___ didn’t tell me exactly when I shuld stp stirring. S I just fllwed my inner vice and stpped stirring at a certain mment. Then I put it aside t let it harden, ___31___ it wuld turn ut fine. After a while. I went t ___32___ it, ready fr anther failure. Then smething ___33___ happened- the fudge hardened t a perfect degree!
The success resulted greatly frm my hidden knwledge, which I gained frm many times f ___34___ . I started t realize that if yu set yur mind n ___35___ smething, yu will give yur best and finally make it.
21. A. partyB. curseC. cmpetitinD. service
22. A. usefulB. familiarC. attractiveD. helpful
23. A. butB. andC. rD. unless
24. A. arguedB. cnsideredC. prmisedD. repeated
25. A. wn utB. gave upC. lked upD. std ut
26. A. experienceB. successC. invitatinD. celebratin
27. A. reasnB. purpseC. truthD. belief
28. A. carefullyB. mysteriuslyC. dubtfullyD. immediately
29. A. fastB. farC. wrngD. crazy
30. A. sayingB. instructinC. exampleD. experiment
31. A. knwingB. fearingC. planningD. hping
32. A. shwB. testC. checkD. review
33. A. abstractB. nrmalC. strangeD. amazing
34. A. regrettingB. waitingC. sharingD. trying
35. A. achievingB. cmpsingC. learningD. aviding
【答案】21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. D 34. D 35. A
【语篇解读】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在二十年前曾经参加自学过自制软糖，但最终因未能成功而放弃。如今自己7岁的孙子希望能得到作者亲手制作的软糖作为生日礼物，所以作者又重新开始学习并不断尝试，终于取得了成功。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约二十年前，在我的家乡有一个制作糖果的比赛。A. party聚会；B. curse课程；C. cmpetitin比赛；D. service服务。根据下一句“The winners culd get a year’s free sweets frm candy cmpanies.”（获胜者可以从糖果公司获得一年的免费糖果。）中的“winners”可知，这是场比赛。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说太有吸引力了，所以我学习在家做软糖。A. useful有用的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. attractive有吸引力的；D. helpful有帮助的。根据句中“s I learned t make fudge at hme.”可知，作者决定在家学做软糖，准备参加比赛，可见这个奖励对作者非常有吸引力。故选C。
【23题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：我试了很多次，但都没有成功。A. but但是；B. and并且；C. r或者；D. unless除非。根据句意，尝试了十几次和没有成功之间应为转折关系。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想也许我不是这块料，所以我放弃了。A. argued争论；B. cnsidered考虑、认为；C. prmised保证、承诺；D. repeated重复。根据上一句“I tried a dzen times, with little success.”（我试了很多次，但都没有成功。）和本句中“that maybe I wasn’t cut ut fr this,”可知，作者多次尝试，却未能成功，所以作者会认为自己可能不是这块料，不适合做这个。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：我想也许我不是这块料，所以我放弃了。A. wn ut胜出；B. gave up放弃；C. lked up抬头看；D. std ut突出。根据句中“I that maybe I wasn’t cut ut fr this,”可知，作者认为自己可能不是这块料，不适合学做软糖，所以放弃了。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：哈罗德记得我讲过那段经历。A. experience经历；B. success成功；C. invitatin邀请；D. celebratin庆祝。根据第二段“Abut twenty years ag, there was...”可知，作者描述了自己二十年前学做软糖的一段经历，这里应该是指作者的孙子记得作者跟他讲过这段经历。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还没来得及解释，他就相信我能做出美味的软糖了。A. reasn原因、理由；B. purpse目的；C. truth实情；D. belief相信。根据第一段“And he said he wanted sme fudge (软糖) made by me as a gift.”（他说他想要一些我做的软糖作为礼物。）和上一句“Harld remembered me telling f the . ”（哈罗德记得我讲过那段经历。）可知，哈罗德听作者讲过自己学做软糖的经历，就要求得到作者自制的软糖作为给他的生日礼物，说明他非常相信作者能做出美味的软糖。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我认真地照着食谱做，生怕出错。A. carefully仔细地、认真地；B. mysteriusly神秘地；C. dubtfully 怀疑地； D. immediately立即。根据句中“afraid that I culd g .”和下文“ Finally, I made it t the last step, which said I shuld “stir the cked mixture until it desn’t lk shiny”.”（最后，我做了最后一步，说我应该“搅拌煮熟的混合物，直到它看起来没有光泽”。）可知，作者担心不成功，所以应该是很认真地照着食谱上的说明一步步来制作的。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认真地照着食谱做，生怕出错。A. fast快的；B. far远的；C. wrng错误的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据句中“I fllwed the recipe ”可知，作者认真地按照食谱的说明来制作，是担心自己会出错，无法成功。故选C。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：说明上没有告诉我什么时候该停止搅拌。A. saying谚语、格言；B. instructin说明；C. example例子；D. experiment实验。根据前文“I fllwed the recipe ”（我认真地照着食谱做）可知，作者是按照食谱上的说明来制作的，所以这里指食谱上没有明确说明什么时候该停止搅拌。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我把它放在一边，让它变硬，希望它会变好。A. knwing知道；B. fearing害怕；C. planning计划；D. hping希望。根据下文的“Then smething happened- the fudge hardened t a perfect degree!”（然后令人惊讶的事情发生了——软糖硬化到了完美的程度！）和常识可知，作者把它放一边，让它硬化，应该是希望它能变好，达到完美的硬化效果。故选D。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿。我去检查了一下，准备好了又一次失败。A. shw展示；B. test测试；C. check检查、查看；D. review复习。根据上一句“Then I put it aside t let it harden,”（然后我把它放在一边，让它变硬，）和下一句“Then smething happened”可知，作者先把软糖放在一边，等它硬化，过一会再去查看。故选C。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后令人惊讶的事情发生了——软糖硬化到了完美的程度！A. abstract抽象的；B. nrmal正常的；C. strange奇怪的；D. amazing惊人的、令人惊讶的。根据上一句“ready fr anther failure”和本句“the fudge hardened t a perfect degree!”可知，作者已经准备好失败的结果了，并没有对成功抱太大希望，但是最终软糖的硬化达到了完美的程度，这的确是令人惊讶的。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的成功很大程度上得益于我的隐性知识，这是我在多次尝试中获得的。A. regretting后悔、遗憾；B. waiting等待；C. sharing分享；D. trying尝试。根据第二段“I tried a dzen times,”（我多次尝试）和第三段“ready fr anther failure”（准备好了又一次失败）可知，作者最终的成功应该是来自于自己多次尝试失败的经验。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，如果你下定决心要实现某件事，你就会全力以赴，最终实现它。A. achieving实现；B. cmpsing组成、作曲；C. learning学习；D. aviding避免。根据句中“finally make it”和全文内容可知，作者的成功是因为下定决心要做成软糖，于是不断地尝试而获得的，可见作者从中意识到了一个人如果下定决心实现某事，就会全力以赴，不断努力，最终取得成功。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)
根据提示完成句子，在答题卡相应位置填入一个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。
36. We interviewed a number f candidates but nne f them i________ (给……留下深刻印象) us. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】impressed/mpressed
【详解】考查时态。句意：我们面试了许多候选人，但没有一个给我们留下深刻印象。分析句子可知，空处应为谓语动词，根据并列谓语“interviewed”和句意可知，应用一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作；根据中英文提示，impress动词，表示“给……留下深刻印象”，符合句意。故填impressed。
37. Patience is nt ne f her v________ (美德), I’m afraid. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】virtues/irtues
【详解】考查名词。句意：恐怕耐心不是她的美德之一。根据首字母和中文提示可知，空处应用名词virtue，作f的宾语，结合空前的“ne f”可知，virtue需用复数形式。故填virtues。
38. Water birds playing in the lake, and cattle and sheep w________ (徘徊) the grasslands bring the scenery t life. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】wandering/andering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：湖中嬉戏的水鸟和草地上漫步的牛羊让风景生动起来。根据首字母以及汉语提示，动词wander“徘徊”符合句意；设空处为非谓语动词修饰名词短语cattle and sheep，cattle and sheep与动词wander之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系，设空处用其现在分词wandering作后置定语。故填wandering。
39. It’s abut cuntries and peple making a jint effrt t cme tgether t create a mre h________ (和睦的，融洽的) and understanding wrld. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】harmnius/armnius
【详解】考查形容词。句意：它是关于国家和人民共同努力，共同创造一个更加和谐和理解的世界。设空处与understanding并列，修饰名词wrld；结合首字母以及汉语提示，设空处填形容词harmnius，作定语。故填harmnius。
40. The directin f the wind is c________ (持续不断地，经常地) changing. (根据中英文提示填空)
【答案】cnstantly/nstantly
【详解】考查副词。句意：风的方向是不断变化的。根据首字母及汉语提示可知，此处使用副词cnstantly，修饰changing，作状语。故填cnstantly。
第三节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)
根据教材内容补全下面短文，在答题卡相应位置填入一个适当的完整单词，注意所填单词的形式。
“We regret t infrm yu...” These are the wrds that every writer dreads receiving, but wrds every writer knws well. The respnse frm a publisher cmes back and the writer eagerly pens and reads it, their hearts s___41___ when they reach that final sentence. Yu may have spent years giving up yur weekends and free time t write yur life’s wrk, yet still this is ften nt enugh. Everyne knws that success rarely happens vernight, but perhaps nt many knw that a lt f highly successful writers have p___42___ faced rejectin.
Take fr example J. K. Rwling. When she received her first rejectin letter, she decided that it meant she nw had smething in cmmn with her favurite writers, and s___43___ it n her kitchen wall. Rwling had spent years surviving ___44___ little mney, spending all her time writing. When she finally finished her first bk, she received c___45___ frm publishers alng the lines f “t difficult fr children”, “t lng”, “Children wuld nt be interested in it”. N___46___, she persevered. After a ttal f twelve rejectins, ne publisher eventually agreed t print 500 cpies f her first bk, and as we knw, Harry Ptter became ___47___ glbal success, with ver 400 millin bks ___48___ and translated int mre than seventy different languages.
S, it seems that talent alne isn’t enugh t g___49___ success. While a lt f hard wrk and a t____50____ f luck play a part, perseverance is the key. Keep trying and eventually yu will read the wrds “We are delighted t infrm yu…”
【答案】41. sinking 42. previusly 43. stuck 44. n 45. cmments 46. Nevertheless 47. a 48. sld 49. guarantee 50. tuch
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章以《哈利·波特》的作者J.K. Rwling在收到拒稿信后依然坚持不懈最终获得成功的故事为例，说明仅靠天赋似乎不足以保证获得成功，努力和一点点运气固然很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：出版商给了回信，作家急切地拆开来读，但读到这最后一句，心随即跌落谷底。固定搭配ne’s heart sink“心里一沉，感到沮丧/悲伤”符合句意，“their hearts s______”在句中为独立主格结构，their hearts与动词sink为逻辑上的主谓关系，设空处填现在分词sinking表主动。故填sinking。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：每个人都知道，成功不是一朝一夕可以获得的，但也许很多人都不知道，很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。设空处在句中作状语，根据句意以及首字母提示可知，副词previusly“先前地，以往”符合句意。故填previusly。
【43题详解】
考查动词和时态。句意：当她收到第一封拒稿信时，她决定把这看作是自己与喜爱的作家之间有了共同之处，并把这封信贴在厨房的墙上。设空处与decided并列作谓语，根据首字母提示以及句意可知，动词stick“粘贴”符合句意，此句为一般过去时态，设空处应填过去式stuck。故填stuck。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：罗琳过了很多年拮据的生活，她把所有时间都用来写作。介词n意为“以……支付；由……支付”，survive n little mney“靠很少的钱生存”符合句意。故填n。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：当她终于完成她的第一本书时，出版商给出的评价却是“对孩子来说太难理解”、“太长”、“孩子们不会感兴趣”等等。设空处作received的宾语，根据句意以及首字母提示，名词cmment“评论”符合句意，结合句中“frm publishers alng the lines f “t difficult fr children”, “t lng”, “Children wuld nt be interested in it””可知，设空处表复数概念，应填复数形式cmments。故填cmments。
【46题详解】
考查副词。句意：尽管如此，她依然坚持不懈。上文“When she finally finished her first bk, she received c______ frm publishers alng the lines f “t difficult fr children”, “t lng”, “Children wuld nt be interested in it”.”与空后“she persevered”为转折关系，空后有逗号，设空处填副词，结合首字母提示可知，副词nevertheless“尽管如此，然而”符合句意；设空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填Nevertheless。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：在收到12封拒稿信后，终于有家出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册，我们都知道，《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。success表示“成功的人（或事物）”时，为可数名词，在句中指《哈利·波特》是在全球都很成功的一本书，表泛指，设空处应填不定冠词，空后glbal起始音为辅音，填不定冠词a。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：在收到12封拒稿信后，终于有家出版商同意将她的第一本书印刷500册。我们都知道，《哈利·波特》后来在全球大获成功，销量超过4亿册，并被翻译成了70多种不同的语言。根据句意可知动词sell“售出；销售”符合句意，句中“with ver 400 millin bks ______ and translated int mre than seventy different languages”为with的复合结构，宾语ver 400 millin bks与动词sell之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，设空处应填过去分词sld表被动，与translated并列作宾语补足语。故填sld。
【49题详解】
考查动词。句意：因此，似乎仅凭天赋似乎不足以保证成功。根据空前“isn’t enugh t”可知设空处应填动词原形，结合首字母以及句意可知，设空处填动词guarantee“保证”。故填guarantee。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：努力和一点点运气固然很重要，但坚持不懈才是关键。短语a tuch f sth“一点儿；少许”符合句意。设空处填名词tuch。故填tuch。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节(满分15分)
51. 上周末你校组织同学们参观了自然历史博物馆（natural histry museum）。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
1. 活动介绍；
2. 收获与感想。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Visit t a Natural Histry Museum
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【参考范文】
A Visit t a Natural Histry Museum
Last weekend, ur schl rganized a visit t the lcal natural histry museum, which prved t be a meaningful experience fr all f us. Its cllectins and exhibits tell us abut ur wn histry as well as that f the wrld lng befre humans appeared n Earth. Additinally, ur knwledgeable tur guide shared with us sme interesting facts abut sme species, making the visit bth educatinal and enjyable.
It was a wnderful pprtunity fr us t cmbine research with learning experience. We truly enjyed ur time in the natural histry museum, and ur interest in the wrld is greatly arused. It surely helps us understand the wrld better.
第二节(满分20分)
52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Fr the past three years, I had wrked tirelessly as a waitress at Lester’s Cafe during weekends and vacatins, saving every penny I culd fr my $500 tuitin (学费) bill fr St Jhn’s Cllege f Nursing. But fate (命运) had ther plans in stre fr me. Just days after my high schl graduatin, my father fell ill and needed an expensive peratin t recver. My family, already struggling financially, was in urgent need f funds. With a heavy heart, I ffered all my savings t help cver the medical bills.
But as the days went by, panic set in. Hw wuld I pay fr my tuitin? N bank wuld lend mney t an eighteen-year-ld with n hpe f repayment fr three years, and nne f my friends had that kind f mney. I felt lst, unsure f what t d.
I thught f Lester, but he always put the prfits back int his little cafe. Five hundred dllars was a large sum f mney then. There was nly ne persn wh came t mind — Mr. Smith, the successful engineer and a regular custmer at Lester’s Cafe. He came int Lester’s early every mrning fr breakfast. Despite having barely exchanged mre than pleasantries (客套话) with him while waiting tables, he was the nly persn wh ever tipped me in the little cafe. Wuld he even remember me? And wuldn’t Lester be upset if I asked his custmer fr a lan?
On Saturday afternn, I tk the curage t call Lester and explain my difficult situatin. T my surprise, he understd and encuraged me t apprach Mr. Smith fr help. “Mr. Smith still eats here every mrning. And he asked abut yu yesterday. Cme here n Mnday and yu’re welcme t ask him. And gd luck, Jeanne,” he said t me.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
S n Mnday mrning, I fund myself standing nervusly in frnt f Mr. Smith.
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As we left the bank, Mr. Smith smiled and shk my hand, wishing me gd luck.
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【参考范文】
S n Mnday mrning, I fund myself standing nervusly in frnt f Mr. Smith. Befre I culd even speak a wrd, he smiled kindly and renssured me. “Lester infrmed me f yur situatin, Jeanne. I am mre than willing t assist yu,” he said. Tears welled up in my eyes as I realized that my dream was abut t cme true. As he drve me t the bank, he tld me his tale f triumphing ver adversity. “Yu have wrked s hard, t, and I knw yu’ll make it!” he said.
As we left the bank. Mr. Smith smiled and shk my hand, wishing me gd luck. With Mr. Smith’s help, I succeeded in attending St Jhn’s Cllege f Nursing, excelling in my studies and embracing the challenges that came my way. Upn graduatin, I was asked t jin the hspital staff t teach Nursing Arts. Mnths later, I managed t repay the debt I wed Mr. Smith, a debt f gratitude that culd never be fully expressed. With an air f pride and determinatin, I presented Mr. Smith with the funds and thanked him fr saving my dream.
听力答案：1-5 ABCBA 6-10 ACBAC 11-15 CABCB 16-20 ACBCA