专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题（课件）-2025年高考英语二轮复习讲练（新高考通用）

这是一份专题01 阅读理解之细节理解题（课件）-2025年高考英语二轮复习讲练（新高考通用），共43页。PPT课件主要包含了考点一，考查直接信息理解题，细节理解题，考点二，考查间接信息理解题，考点三，考查数字计算题等内容，欢迎下载使用。
【典例】(2023·全国甲卷·阅读理解A节选)B. tanB. tan has been making waves in Bangkk’s culinary scene since it pened in 2009. Serving hard-t-find Thai dishes in an elegant atmsphere, the restaurant is true t Thai cuisine’s rts, yet still manages t add a special twist. This place is gd fr a candlelit dinner r a wrk meeting with clleagues wh appreciate fine fd. Fr thse extremely hungry there’s a large set menu.2. Which restaurant ffers a large set menu?A. Gaggan.B. B. tan.C. Issaya Siamese Club.D. Nahm.
1．解题步骤 在解答细节理解题时，考生可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案。
2．选项特征(1)正确选项特征
2．选项特征(2)干扰选项特征
3.可用的常识性判断(1)出题顺序和行文顺序大体一致。(2)仅仅符合常识的不一定对，不符合常识的往往错。(3)同义替换往往是答案，过于绝对往往是错误选项，文章主旨一般都会传递正能量。(4)留意文中but/hwever、感叹号、问号、破折号、长难句等经常设题处。
【典例】(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C 篇节选)The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu.T d s, I divided the bk int tw parts. In part ne, I describe the philsphical fundatins f digital minimalism, starting with an examinatin f the frces that are making s many peple’s digital lives increasingly intlerable,befre mving n t a detailed discussin f the digital minimalism philsphy.(　)28.What is the bk aimed at?A.Teaching critical thinking skills. B.Advcating a simple digital philsphical prblems. D.Prmting the use f a digital device.
间接信息题的核心是识别同义句表达。最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。 关键词 be aimed at The gal f this bk is t make the case fr digital minimalism, including a detailed explratin f what it asks and why it wrks, and then t teach yu hw t adpt this philsphy if yu decide it’s right fr yu. The gal f this bk be aimed at =The gal f this bk t make the case fr digital minimalism Advcating v. 提倡( advcate的现在分词 )；为…辩护 Advcating v. 提倡；为…辩护=make the case fr为…辩护；提出理由
间接信息题常出现在各种文体中，会涉及各个方面的内容。解此类试题常用“同义表达”法。该类题的特点是试题题干或选项中的关键词语通常使用同义词或近义词甚至反义词来替换文中的相关细节信息,例如,使用cnduct对文中的carry ut进行同义转换,用finally对文中的eventual进行同义转换。
信息题的核心关键是识别同义句表达。目前高考中直接读出答案的细节理解题占的比重越来越少，很多情况下是对文章命题出处语句的不同程度的改写，因此，要想准确定位就要识别同义句表达。最常用的方法是：1.采用同义词改写选项或题干；2.用反义词改写选项或题干，采用正话反说的方式；3.采用相关句式改写。改写类别：1.改写阅读理解的题干。把题干中的关键词通常采用同义词的手段改写为同义句，这时，我们要找到文章中的同义词进行定位。2.改写阅读理解中的选项。阅读理解问题中的选项很大程度上不是文章定位中的原句，大多采用了同义句表达的形式。识别选项中与原文定位中的同义句是选出正确答案的关键。
【典例】(2024年新高考I卷A篇节选)AGE, SKILLS, WHAT TO BRINGVlunteers aged 10 and ver are welcme. Read ur Yuth Plicy Guidelines fr yuth under the age f 15.Bring yur cmpleted Vlunteer Agreement Frm. Vlunteers under the age f 18 must have the parent/guardian apprval sectin signed.We'll be wrking rain r shine. Wear clthes that can get dirty. Bring layers fr changing weather and a raincat if necessary.Bring a persnal water bttle, sunscreen, and lunch.N experience necessary. Training and tls will be prvided. Fulfills (满足) cmmunity service requirements.22. What is the lwer age limit fr jining the Habitat Restratin Team?A. 5.B. 10.C. 15.D. 18.
数字计算题一般会涉及时间、年龄、价钱、数量、距离等的简单计算。一般来说，计算量都比较小，容易计算。但是英语阅读中的数字计算必须要找出计算背后所隐含的信息。这些“暗”信息会涉及对某个难句的理解，从这个角度上讲，理解文中相应的复杂句是解这类题的关键。数字计算题的话题有：1.广告类；2.故事类；3. 科普知识类；4.史地自然类；5.文化教育类。设问方式以when，in which year，hw many/much等疑问词(组)开头引出问题。解此类试题常用“整合推算”法。此类题要求考生对具体细节信息,尤其是年龄、时间、数量等数字信息进行加工,但此类试题的重点不在于计算,而在于考查考生对具体信息的处理能力,故试题设置的计算一般比较简单。一定要注意计算给出的隐含附加条件。
关键1：养成按图索骥的解题流程习惯关键2：准确识别同义句表达为了增加迷惑性，出题人有时会利用同义词、近义词甚至反义词等对题干或正确答案进行转换。
1.跟…有关 be related t= be assciated with= be linked t= be cnnected with2.多种多样 a variety f +n. /varieties f +n. = varius +n. = all kinds f= all srts f = diversities f3.提前 in advance, ahead f time, ahead f schedule4.厌烦 be tired/sick f=be bred with=be fed up with5.区分 distinguish/tell A frm B 6.亲自 persnally, in persn 7.只有 nly, nbdy/nthing but8.出版 cme ut, be published
9.尤其 particularly, in particular 10.锻炼 exercise, wrk ut11.谋生 make/earn a living 12.代表 represent, stand fr, (be) n behalf f13.结合 cmbine, mix sth.up 14.前进 advance, mve frward 15.舒适 cmfrtable, at ease16.十年 decade, ten years 17.两周 frtnight, tw weeks
18.二十 scre, twenty19.十二 dzen, twelve 20.成人 adult, grwn-up 21.删除 delete, cut ut22.回答 answer, reply t 23.进入enter, cme/g int 24.雇用某人emply/hire sb, take sb n25.移走 remve, take away 26.吸收 absrb, take in
27.与…一致 agree/be cnsistent/crrespnd with 28.缺席 be absent frm, be nt present at29.收割 harvest, gather, get in 30.抵制 byctt, refuse t accept, resist, reject31.与...相反/对立 cntradict, be ppsite t 32.放弃 abandn, g away frm, leave, give up33.代替 replace, take the place f 34.背诵 recite, learn…by heart35.害怕 fear, be afraid/scared f
36.退（学） quit, drp ut f (schl)37.推迟 delay, pstpne, put ff 38.去拿来 fetch, g and bring back39.相匹配 match, g with 40.精力充沛 energetic, full f energy41.少数 a minrity f, a small number f42.打扰 cause truble t, bther, disturb43.描述 describe, give a descriptin f44.后来 afterwards, after that, later n
45.目前 nwadays, at present, at the present time46.取消 cancel, call ff47.宣布 annunce/declare sth48.逃跑 escape, run away49.担心 wrry abut, be cncerned/anxius abut50.提到 mentin, refer t, talk abut/f51.展览 n shw/display/exhibitin52.勇敢（去做） be brave t, have curage t53.违法的 illegal, nt legal, against the law
54.满足需要 cater t/meet/satisfy the need55.重力gravity, the pull f the earth56.算出calculate, figure ut57.与…不同differ frm, vary frm…t…58.高兴起来cheer up, becme happy59.乱七八糟in a mess, in disrder60.气喘吁吁breathless, ut f breath61.做出决定determine, make a decisin62.对……有害d harm t, be harmful t
63.相似，相像resemble, be like, be similar t64.低语，耳语whisper, speak in a lw vice65.寻找，追求seek, lk/search/hunt fr66.茫然，困惑at a lss, puzzled/cnfused67.取笑，逗弄tease, make fun f, laugh at, amuse68.提高，改善imprve, make/becme better69.庆祝celebrate, hld a celebratin70.长胖put n/gain weight, grw fat71.熟悉knw…well, be familiar with
72.处理handle, settle, deal with, cpe with73.到处everywhere, here and there74.加速accelerate, speed up, quicken75.保证，确保ensure, guarantee76.一年一次的annual, yearly, every year77.挨饿，饿死starve, die frm hunger78.充当；起……的作用act as, serve as79.榜样mdel, example80.怒视glare at, lk at sth angrily
81.平静的calm, nt excited82.抽象的abstract, nt specific83.积极的active, nt passive84.残酷地cruelly, withut mercy, mercilessly85.复杂的cmplicated, nt simple, cmplex86.人造的artificial, man-made87.故意地deliberately, n purpse, purpsely88.独自地alne, by neself89.有危险in danger, at risk
90.占...比例accunt fr, make up91.青少年adlescent, teenager92.看医生g t see/cnsult a dctr93.更喜欢prefer sth, like sth better94.使生气anny sb, make sb angry95.报道此事cver/reprt the event96.很多a lt (f), a great deal (f)97.影响交通hld up/blck traffic98.澄清，阐明clarify, make sth clear
99.可得到的be available, be easily gt100.试验try ut, test101.无论如何anyhw, in any way102.在……后面behind, at the back f103.无论什么whatever, n matter what104.使某人高兴cheer sb up, make sb happy105.得出结论cnclude, draw a cnclusin106.聪明的clever, bright, wise, smart107.做报告give a presentatin/talk/speech
108.辍学，退学drp ut f/leave schl109.出国g abrad, g t a freign cuntry110.控告accuse sb f sth, charge sb with sth111.置若罔闻turn a deaf ear t, refuse t listen t112.使能做某事enable sb t d, make sb able t d113.不理，忽视ignre, verlk, pay n attentin t114.受欢迎的be ppular with, be well received (by...)115.成功做某事manage t d sth, succeed in ding sth
116.把...分开 break sth apart, split/divide/separate sth117.劝某人做 advise sb t d, try t persuade sb t d118.方式，方法way, slutin, apprach, methd, means119.信任，信赖 trust, believe, have cnfidence/faith in120.制订计划make a plan, wrk ut a plan, draw up a plan121.开始存在appear, cme int being, cme int existence122.在农村，城市 in the cuntryside/city, rural/urban areas123.除……之外besides, as well as, in additin t, apart frm124.用...替换 replace…with, use…as an alternative t…
125.情况良好in (a) gd cnditin, in a gd state/situatin126.可进入／接近的be accessible, be easy t enter/reach/use127.再一次again, nce mre, nce again, ver and ver again128.对……全然不知be in the dark abut, knw nthing abut129.把某物分配给某人allcate sth t sb, divide sth amng sb130.认为think/believe that, hld the view that, argue/claim that131.用完某物run ut f sth, lack sth, sth run ut, sth be used up132.防...止疾病prtect…frm sickness, avid/prevent sickness133.值得，应得deserve sth, be wrthy f sth, be wrth ding sth
134.反对be against, ppse, bject t, disagree with, disapprve f135.老年人ld peple, the ld, senir citizens, the aged, the elderly136.劝某人不要做 discurage sb frm ding, persuade sb nt t d137.有机会使用／做have access t sth, have the chance f ding sth138.充满 be full f, be filled with, be flded with, be crwded with139.下降，减少 decline, cme/g dwn, drp, fall, decrease, reduce140.突然笑/哭起来burst int laughter/tears, burst ut laughing/crying141.告诉某人某事tell sb sth, infrm sb f sth, keep sb infrmed f sth142.宁做A不做B d A rather than (ding) B, d A instead f (ding) B
143.对某人生气get angry with sb, get crss with sb, be annyed with sb144.全世界all ver/arund the wrld, wrldwide, glbally, internatinally145.吸引某人interest/attract/draw sb, appeal t sb, catch sb’s eye/attentin146.优于，胜过have the advantage ver, have the edge ver, be better than147.重要 cunt, matter, be imprtant, significant, vital, crucial/be f imprtance148.致力于apply/bend/cmmit/devte neself t, be bent/cmmitted/devted t149.旨在做aim/be aimed at ding, be designed/intended t d, be meant t d sth150.偶然地 incidentally, accidentally, by chance/ accident/ cincidence, casually, ccasinally151一…就… n ding; immediately, directly, instantly; the mment, the minute, the secnd
（2025·河北省承德市高三联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。On August 18, 2025 the Artist Prject will celebrate its 10th year with a three-day art fair at the Better Living Centre, Exhibitin Place, Trnt. Frm cllectrs t designers, visitrs can explre and discver wrks f art frm 250 cntemprary artists frm Canada and abrad-allwing guests the unique pprtunity t cmmunicate and buy art directly frm the artists and supprt the next generatin f Canadian artists.Highlights:·Art Chats: this ppular seminar (研讨会) series will ffer a range f fascinating talks hsted by leading art experts.·Live Artist Cmpetitin: Art Battle Canada and the Artist Prject have teamed up t bring a 20-minuite live artist cmpetitin. Members f the audience will vte fr their favurite painting and later bid in a silent auctin (拍卖), s they can leave with a piece they lve t hang in their hme.·Emerging Artists Cmpetitin: Devled t supprting the develpment f students, new graduates, and self-taught artists, the Artist Prject will give recgnitin t 20 emerging artists thrugh this cmpetitin, prviding free space and a platfrm fr them t launch their artwrk and make cnnectins within the wrld f cntemprary art.Purpse statementWe aim t create an envirnment that fuels enriching cnversatin and ffer yu a mre persnal experience with art. We are the place that cnnects art lvers with art makers, because we believe that hw we view art is a reflectin f ur human experience.Ticket Infrmatin: Adult admissin: $15 Dr, $14 Online Grup adult tickets: (10+ peple) $10 Each, nline nly Yuth admissin:(13-17) $10 Children 12 r under: freeWebsite: www. theartistprject. cm
1．What can visitrs d n the art fair?A．Vte fr their favurite artists.B．Enjy art wrks f ancient artists.C．Cmpete with the yung artists.D．Purchase art wrks directly frm artists.
2．What can we learn abut the Emerging Artists Cmpetitin?A．It’s a fantastic pprtunity fr emerging artists.B．It is cmmitted t teaching the new graduates.C．It will prvide fund supprt fr yunger artists.D．It will recgnize as many new artists as pssible.
3．Hw much shuld a parent and a 13-year-ld kid pay fr tw nline tickets?A．$14.B．$15.C．$24.D．$25.