2025北京东城区高二上学期期末考试英语含解析

这是一份2025北京东城区高二上学期期末考试英语含解析，文件包含北京市东城区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题含解析docx、北京市东城区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题无答案docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。
本试卷共10页，共100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 知识运用(共三节，36分)
第一节 完形填空(共8小题;每小题1.5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a Mnday night and I was extremely upset. Tw mnths earlier I had ___1___ t Canada, lking fr fun and adventure. Within a cuple f weeks I knew I’d made a/an ___2___.
Everywhere I was tld I shuldn’t use English terms such as lift, bt r biscuit. I was in Canada nw s I had t speak the Canadian way. At wrk everything that I said r I did wasn’t “Canadian”. I fund myself a “strange freigner” t thers. Enugh was enugh; I ___3___ and was ging hme.
Having ___4___ my bags, I decided t make the best f my last night, and went t vlunteer at a lcal first aid center. That evening I was paired with a Canadian yung man named Larry. We had t practice turning the injured n their side. I hadn’t seen the Canadian methd s I did in the English way. Larry watched me and I expected ___5___ abut English ways. I culdn’t bear that, s befre he culd start I said, “I’m srry, but it’s the ___6___ way I knw.”
He paused fr a mment, lked at me and said, “Yu knw, what yu did ___7___. It’s just as gd as the Canadian methd and achieves exactly the same result. Just d what yu knw.”
I was surprised. Then he smiled at me and said, “It’s OK,” and suddenly it was. I went hme and unpacked my bags. Larry, wh gave me back ___8___ in myself, brught sunshine back int my life.
1. A. returnedB. immigratedC. escapedD. adapted
2. A. mistakeB. differenceC. decisinD. inference
3. A. drpped inB. set utC. gave upD. tk ff
4. A. sldB. packedC. fundD. taken
5. A. cmmentsB. thughtsC. bservatinsD. predictins
6. A. quickB. easyC. nlyD. new
7. A. failsB. changesC. endsD. wrks
8. A. patienceB. faithC. prmiseD. quality
第二节 语法填空(共8小题;每小题1.5分，共12分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wang Yngzhi, a pineer f China’s manned space prgram, was s awarded the Medal f the Republic ___9___ September 29th, 2024. In 1986, as head f the general design department, Wang guided the design f the Lng March rcket and als played a leading rle in Prject 863,____10____ was a natinal high-tech prject. He and his clleagues carried ut ver 300 large grund tests, and ____11____ (vercme) 20 technical challenges. Finally, the Lng March-2E made its successful flight. Wang passed away in 2024. ____12____he left t us were hundreds f ntebks and mre than a dzen pieces f ral histries abut his wrk.
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
We use bth wrds and bdy language t express ur thughts and pinins in ur interactins with ther peple. Just like spken language, bdy language ____13____ (vary) frm culture t culture. When used ____14____ (apprpriate), bdy language serves as a pwerful tl t build trust between peple.
Therefre, it is essential t knw the cultural differences in bdy language. Fr example, in China, ____15____ (make) eye cntact when talking with smene is a way t display respect. Hwever, in sme Middle Eastern cuntries, it is implite. Knwing these, we can avid ____16____ (cause) misunderstandings and cnflict, and use bdy language mre effectively.
第三节 翻译句子(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)
请将下面的中文句子翻译成英文，翻译时须运用括号内所给的词汇。请将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
17. 和朋友保持联系很重要。(keep in tuch)(汉译英)
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18. 明天这个时候，我们将正在国家公园里骑车。(cycle) (汉译英)
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19. 成为一名志愿者想法吸引了我。(appeal t) (汉译英)
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20. 袁隆平为解决粮食问题奉献了一生。(devte) (汉译英)
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21. 据估计，60%的学生参加过社会活动。(estimate; get invlved in) (汉译英)
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22. 据我所知，他们已经说服教授接受了邀请。(persuade) (汉译英)
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第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，32分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Creating a smart hme is easier than ever. Smart hme devices have becme mre affrdable and easier t set up than in years past. Here are sme f the tp smart hme devices f the year.
Philips Hue Starter Kit
Cmpatible (兼容的) with sme relevant apps n yur smart phne fr vice cntrl and integratin, Philips Hue Starter Kit has everything yu need t make yur lights smarter. Users can cntrl the lights remtely wherever they use the app.
One buyer said, “Lve that I can switch n lights remtely and change the clrs f the rm frm an app n the phne.”
Nest Thermstat (恒温器)
With reliable perfrmance, the Nest Thermstat has prven t be ne f best prducts ever. It enables yu t cntrl yur hme’s temperature frm yur smart phne, and prgram it t enter energy-efficient mde when yu leave the huse.
One buyer remarked, “One f its utstanding features is its ability t learn yur preferences and autmatically adjust settings t keep yu cmfrtable.”
Autmatic Curtain Opener
The smart curtain is suitable fr bedrms, living rms, ffices, baby rms, and mre. Its upgraded mtr ensures smth peratin even n heavy curtains (up t 15KG), perfect fr thick curtain materials. Meanwhile, its silent mde enables yur device t perate belw 25dB (分贝), allwing yur curtains t drift slwer and quieter, great fr waking up in the mrning and perfect fr thse with sleep disrders r peple wh are sensitive t sund.
This envirnmentally friendly device is easy t use and saves electricity. Users can use the mbile app t manage curtain pening, clsing, and pen percentage. Vice cmmands are als accepted.
23. What can the Nest Thermstat d?
A. Save energy.B. Change the users’ habits.
C. Operate in a silent mde.D. Crrect the users’ sleeping disrder.
24. All the three prducts ________.
A. supprt vice cntrlB. prvide custmer service
C. can learn the users’ preferencesD. can be cntrlled frm the smart phne
B
It’s a Saturday mrning and I’m just fur metres frm the grund, clinging t (抓紧) a wall. I’ve reached the tp and can’t find a fthld t start back dwn. My heart is beating fast and my whle bdy is cld. I culd just let g and drp t the thick, sft safety mats (垫子) belw; but althugh I knw that wuldn’t hurt, smehw it seems incredible.
I am here t find ut why s many peple are falling in lve with indr climbing. It is reprted that there are ver 35 millin climbers wrldwide, and in the UK alne the numbers are grwing by 15 — 20% a year.
S, what’s the attractin? “I find it really hard nt t think abut wrk all the time,” says Paul Lennn, wh has been climbing fr tw years. “The wall is the ne place where I dn’t even need t try t switch ff. Yu just fcus n what yu’re ding and it’s very relaxing. There’s lts f prblem-slving, wrking ut where t put yur hands and feet. The mental effrt distracts yu frm ding much else.”
Anther thing that interests me, is the number f wmen in this activity. “It’s nn-threatening, and yu dn’t need t be a great athlete t d it.” says 24-year-ld Yasmine, wh has been climbing fr three years. “I dn’t feel at a disadvantage, and I knw sme ther wmen climbers feel like me. If a tall strng guy des the climb with a ne-arm pull-up, I can d it by stretching ut ne f my legs and balancing n a hld. My years f gymnastics when I was at schl have really helped. Althugh I’m shrt and lk relatively weak cmpared with thers, I’ve gt a leg-up in ther ways.”
When I eventually unfreeze and make it back dwn t earth, I ntice a nine-year-ld girl. She seems much mre mature in the decisin making and team-wrking skills than I wuld nrmally expect frm children f her age. Having learned that she has been t classes fr abut tw years. I decide t have anther g!
25. Reaching the tp f the wall, the authr feels________.
A. bredB. disappintedC. depressedD. frightened
26. Paul Lennn likes wall climbing because it helps him________.
A. build up his bdyB. find the meaning f life
C get away frm wrkD. slve physical prblems
27. Accrding t Yasmine, what is her advantage in wall climbing?
A. Bdy flexibility.B. Teamwrk spirit.
C. Teaching experience.D. Prfessinal knwledge.
C
It’s true that there’s smething pleasant and trustwrthy abut a smile — but this can be misleading. Dig a little deeper and yu will find that the smile is actually ne f the biggest fakes ging.
We all put n a smile nw and again t cmfrt ur fellw humans and avid unnecessary cnflict. We all suppse, hwever, that a genuine (真诚的) smile f true enjyment is smething very different. In fact, it has been given a name: the Duchenne smile. This smile uses the muscles arund the eyes t lift the cheeks, prducing wrinkles arund the eyes, and has lng been held as an inimitable(不可仿效的) sign f true human emtin. Or at least it was until 2013, when researchers frm Bstn destryed that saying.
In their study, ne grup f vlunteers were asked t reprduce smiles shwn in phtgraphs, and anther grup t evaluate whether the first grup’s smiles were genuine Sme f the phtgraphs shwed muth-nly smiles, but thers shwed smiles using bth muth and eye-muscles. Tw-thirds f individuals turned ut t be able t fake a suppsedly genuine smile, and they were als able t d this well in their everyday lives.
These findings indicate that even the suppsedly genuine Duchenne smile can be cnvincingly simulated. S much fr smiling being an inimitable sign f true human emtin. But why are sme peple s gd at this kind f simulatin? The answer isn’t necessarily evil r harmful. In fact, mre researches have demnstrated that yu can actually smile yurself int a better md. Fake r nt, putting n a Duchenne smile may be just the medicine t fight against physical and mental difficulties.
The smile, then, can be a false friend. Peple smile — r nt — fr all kinds f reasns beynd simply hw happy they are feeling. But, as the saying ges, if yu can’t beat them, jin them. Next time yu’re having yur phtgraph taken, dn’t say “cheese”; say “cheeks”. Saying “cheeks” will nt nly shape yur muth nicely, but will als remind yu t squeeze yur cheeks upwards int a visually satisfying, genuine-lking Duchenne smile.
28. The Bstn researchers’ study prves that ________.
A. smiles dn’t help with cmmunicatin
B. nt all genuine-lking smiles shw true enjyment
C. the Duchenne smile can’t be replaced by ther expressins
D. the vlunteers with true smiles wn’t get upset easily in daily life
29. What des the underlined wrd “simulated” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Adjusted.B. Spread.C. Pretended.D. Tested.
30 What is the authr’s attitude tward false smiles?
A. Reserved.B. Hesitant.C. Accepting.D. Negative.
D
It is ne f the biggest questins in envirnmental prtectin: Shuld we be sharing ur landscapes with nature by restring small wdlands and adpting small-size ec-friendly farming? Or shuld we instead be sparing large areas f land fr nature — by creating mre natinal parks and industrializing agriculture n existing farmland?
The argument between ‘sparing’ and ‘sharing’ began decades ag. Leading tday’s argument fr the sparers is the researcher Beniamin Phalan, wh believes that by prducing mre fd per unit f farm area, mre land wuld be available fr wildlife. He lked at the relatinship between crp yields and the number f bird and tree species in the frests in Africa and Asia, and fund that bidiversity did best where intensified crpping left space fr unfarmed habitats He cncluded that “mst species will have larger ppulatins if fd is prduced n as small an area as pssible, while sparing as large an area f nature as pssible.”
Game ver? Nt s fast. A leading supprter f wildlife-friendly farming, Claire Kremen f the University f
Califrnia Berkeley, has cme ut fighting. She says that Phalan’s findings “dn’t assess the lng-term cnsequences f islating (孤立) species in prtected areas.” Her research shws that “even very large prtected areas will lse species if they remain islated ver time.” S in the lng run, sparing wn’t spare mre land fr nature cnservatin r feed the wrld fr ever. T avid mass extinctin and ecsystem breakdwn, we must integrate bidiversity prtectin int the landscape we use.
S, sparing r sharing? In fact, agricultural intensificatin wn’t deliver mre land fr nature unless there are tugh rules t prtect land nt yet farmed. In the 19th century, mre efficient cal-pwered engines did nt reduce cal burning but massively increased it by kick-starting the industrial revlutin. Fllwing that example, the result f agricultural intensificatin will prbably be mre land t be farmed.
Nature des nt recgnize the bundaries f natinal parks. Whether migrating elephants in Kenya r mnarch butterflies in Nrth America, much nature exists in human-made agricultural landscapes. Recent research suggests that simply reserving land will remve all threats t very few species — nly 3 percent in fact.
S the ptential t share the land withut giving up nature’s last wild places is much greater than nce thught. Like what Kremen says, “We can spare 50 percent and share the rest.”
31. What will the sparers prbably agree with?
A. Relying n birds t get rid f pests.
B. Prtecting insects by rganic farming.
C. Erasing the bundaries f natinal parks.
D. Enlarging the size f naturally grwing frests.
32. Why des the authr mentin the cal-pwered engines in Paragraph 4?
A. T analyse the cnsequence f the industrial revlutin.
B. T remind us f the pssible risk f intensified crpping.
C. T present an example f failure in envirnmental prtectin.
D. T cmpare agricultural intensificatin with wildlife-friendly farming.
33. What is mainly talked abut in the passage?
A. Hw t quiet the argument abut ec-friendly farming.
B. Hw t balance envirnmental p prtectin and agriculture.
C. Hw t tackle the challenge f preventing ecsystem breakdwn.
D. Hw t reduce envirnmental damage caused by mixed agriculture.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。
One f the majr prblems fr scientists lies in cmmunicating the value f research t the general public. ____34____ In rder t cmmunicate new scientific develpments effectively, universities and research institutes nw try t make press releases user-friendly. These press releases are targeted d t the general public, including infrmatin abut risk as well as the limitatins f a particular science study.
The develpment f blgs has helped in bringing science clser t the public. Science blggers generally fcus n areas f science that they are bth passinate and knwledgeable abut._____35_____ And it is this that perhaps mst attracts members f the public. Ed’s Ppular Science, fr instance, is filled d with the writer’s passin and dwn-t-earth attitude twards science. His chatty, yuthful style attracts a wide range f readers.
____36____ Early pineers include Jacques Custeau, whse beautifully filmed dcumentaries pened up the ceans t millins. This quickly realised the ptential f TV t make science cme alive fr viewers. Other science dcumentary films, such as the BBC TV series Wnders f the Slar System, have eagerly fllwed suit. ____37____ Fr example, scientists are ffered vide services t create nline presentatins f their research.
Nevertheless, despite this prgress, cmmunicatin still remains ne f science’s biggest prblems. Sme scientists ften underestimate the imprtance f the ability t understand and effectively use varius frms f media.____38____ Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this prblem, and thught abut adding cmmunicatins training t the curriculum.
A. Televisin has als bsted the image f science.
B This brings science int the field f ppular culture.
C. They ften write abut science in an accessible, lively manner.
D. The pwer f visual media via the Internet has als been used.
E. There is a tendency amng scientists twards ld-fashined research apprach.
F. Cnsequently public attentin and supprt fr their research may be missed ut.
G. Scientific rganisatins have cme a lng way in develping ways t make science mre accessible t nn-specialist grups.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第39、40题各2分，第41题3分，第42题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The grwth mindset is a belief system that prmtes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be develped with time, effrt, and devtin. These are all aspects f yurself that can grw and imprve ver time.
Accrding t a research, the cncept f a “grwth mindset” is a shift frm the traditinal “fixed mindset.” Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their abilities are unchangeable. This can bring abut self-created barriers and limit persnal grwth. In cntrast, peple with a grwth mindset welcme challenges, and believe that their ptential is unlimited. They understand that intelligence and skill can be develped.
Develping a grwth mindset is crucial because it builds tughness, prmtes learning, and fuels success. It encurages yu t view challenges as pprtunities, imprving adaptability and prblem-slving skills. Having a grwth mindset can transfrm the way yu apprach challenges and setbacks, leading t higher levels f achievement and satisfactin.
An imprtant step n develping a grwth mindset is t welcme challenges int yur life. See each challenge as a puzzle t slve, r a game t win. It’s abut shifting frm “I can’t d this” t “I can’t d this, yet.” Remember, grwth mindset cmes frm stretching yur abilities, stepping ut f yur cmfrt zne, and daring t d what yu nce thught impssible.
The next step? Redefine failure. Peple with a grwth mindset view failure as a learning experience — a stepping stne n their path t success. S, the next time yu fail, analyze what went wrng, learn frm it, and use that knwledge t d better next time.
Even when prgress seems S slw, yur effrt isn’t wasted; it’s building the strength yu need t achieve yur gals. Realizing the value f hard wrk s and celebrating these effrts will strengthen the belief that abilities can be expanded with time and cmmitment.
39. What is the grwth mindset?
_________________________________________________________
40. What is the disadvantage f “fixed mindset”?
_________________________________________________________
41. What is mainly talked abut in Paragraph 3? (Abut 10 wrds)
_________________________________________________________
42. Speaking f language learning, hw will yu develp yur grwth mindset? (Abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________
第二节(20分)
43. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。下个月你校将举办主题为 Bridging Culture的活动，你们班负责介绍
英国文化，你的英国朋友Jim正在北京学习。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.邀请参加活动；
2.希望他在活动中做些什么。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua