2024~2025学年北京市东城区高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版）

这是一份2024~2025学年北京市东城区高二上学期期末考试英语试卷（解析版），共20页。试卷主要包含了5分，共12分)， A， n 10等内容，欢迎下载使用。
第一部分 知识运用(共三节，36分)
第一节 完形填空(共8小题;每小题1.5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
It was a Mnday night and I was extremely upset. Tw mnths earlier I had ___1___ t Canada, lking fr fun and adventure. Within a cuple f weeks I knew I’d made a/an ___2___.
Everywhere I was tld I shuldn’t use English terms such as lift, bt r biscuit. I was in Canada nw s I had t speak the Canadian way. At wrk everything that I said r I did wasn’t “Canadian”. I fund myself a “strange freigner” t thers. Enugh was enugh; I ___3___ and was ging hme.
Having ___4___ my bags, I decided t make the best f my last night, and went t vlunteer at a lcal first aid center. That evening I was paired with a Canadian yung man named Larry. We had t practice turning the injured n their side. I hadn’t seen the Canadian methd s I did in the English way. Larry watched me and I expected ___5___ abut English ways. I culdn’t bear that, s befre he culd start I said, “I’m srry, but it’s the ___6___ way I knw.”
He paused fr a mment, lked at me and said, “Yu knw, what yu did ___7___. It’s just as gd as the Canadian methd and achieves exactly the same result. Just d what yu knw.”
I was surprised. Then he smiled at me and said, “It’s OK,” and suddenly it was. I went hme and unpacked my bags. Larry, wh gave me back ___8___ in myself, brught sunshine back int my life.
1. A. returnedB. immigratedC. escapedD. adapted
2. A. mistakeB. differenceC. decisinD. inference
3. A. drpped inB. set utC. gave upD. tk ff
4. A. sldB. packedC. fundD. taken
5. A. cmmentsB. thughtsC. bservatinsD. predictins
6. A. quickB. easyC. nlyD. new
7. A. failsB. changesC. endsD. wrks
8. A. patienceB. faithC. prmiseD. quality
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了移居加拿大两个月的作者因语言和行为方式不同于当地人而沮丧得想回家，在做志愿者的最后一晚，作者用英国方法帮伤者翻身，本以为会遭同伴Larry的评论，没想到他认可了作者的做法，这让作者重拾信心，决定留下。
【1题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：两个月前，我移居到加拿大，寻找乐趣和冒险。A. returned返回；B. immigrated移居；C. escaped逃跑；D. adapted适应。根据下文“lking fr fun and adventure”和“I ______ and was ging hme”可知，作者来加拿大是想寻找乐趣和冒险，他的家原本不在这里，由此可知，他是移居到加拿大。故选B。
【2题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我意识到自己犯了一个错误。A. mistake错误；B. difference差异；C. decisin决定；D. inference推断。根据下文“Everywhere I was tld I shuldn’t use English terms such as lift, bt r biscuit.”和“At wrk everything that I said r I did wasn’t “Canadian”. I fund myself a “strange freigner” t thers.”可知，作者的语言和行为方式不同于当地加拿大人，在这里被当作“陌生的外国人”，由此可知，他意识到自己来加拿大是犯了一个错误。故选A。
【3题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：适可而止；我放弃了，准备回家。A. drpped in顺便拜访；B. set ut出发；C. gave up放弃；D. tk ff起飞。根据上文“Enugh was enugh”和下文“was ging hme”可知，作者觉得不能继续这样了，准备回家，由此可知，他决定放弃待在加拿大。故选C。
【4题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：打包好行李后，我决定好好利用我的最后一个晚上，去当地的急救中心做志愿者。A. sld出售；B. packed打包；C. fund发现；D. taken拿走。根据下文“I went hme and unpacked my bags.”可知，后来作者打开行李，由此可知，他先是打包好行李。故选B。
【5题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Larry看着我，我预料他会对英国人的生活方式发表评论。A. cmments评论；B. thughts想法；C. bservatins观察；D. predictins预测。根据上文“Everywhere I was tld I shuldn’t use English terms such as lift, bt r biscuit.”和“At wrk everything that I said r I did wasn’t “Canadian”.”可知，作者的语言和行为方式并不被加拿大人认可，他们会对此加以评判，由此可知，作者预料身为加拿大人的Larry也会对自己用英国方法翻身发表评论。故选A。
【6题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我无法忍受，所以在他开口之前，我说：“对不起，但这是我唯一知道的办法。”A. quick快速的；B. easy容易的；C. nly唯一的；D. new新的。根据上文“I hadn’t seen the Canadian methd s I did in the English way.”可知，作者没有见过加拿大的方法，只能用英国的方法做了，由此可知，他是解释英国的方法是自己唯一知道的办法，以此避免被身为加拿大人的Larry评判。故选C。
【7题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：你知道吗，你所做的很有效。A. fails失败；B. changes改变；C. ends结束；D. wrks有效。根据下文“It’s just as gd as the Canadian methd and achieves exactly the same result.”可知，Larry认为作者的做法和加拿大的方法一样好，结果完全一样，由此可知，他是说作者所做的很有效。故选D。
【8题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Larry让我重新相信自己，让我的生活重新充满阳光。A. patience耐心；B. faith信心；C. prmise承诺；D. quality质量。根据上文“It’s just as gd as the Canadian methd and achieves exactly the same result. Just d what yu knw.”和“Then he smiled at me and said, “It’s OK,” and suddenly it was.”可知，Larry认可了作者的英国做法，觉得作者的行为方式没问题，由此可知，这会让一直受挫的作者重新相信自己。故选B。
第二节 语法填空(共8小题;每小题1.5分，共12分)
A
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Wang Yngzhi, a pineer f China’s manned space prgram, was s awarded the Medal f the Republic ___9___ September 29th, 2024. In 1986, as head f the general design department, Wang guided the design f the Lng March rcket and als played a leading rle in Prject 863,____10____ was a natinal high-tech prject. He and his clleagues carried ut ver 300 large grund tests, and ____11____ (vercme) 20 technical challenges. Finally, the Lng March-2E made its successful flight. Wang passed away in 2024. ____12____he left t us were hundreds f ntebks and mre than a dzen pieces f ral histries abut his wrk.
【答案】9. n 10. which 11. vercame 12. What
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国载人航天事业的先驱王永志的生平事迹。
【9题详解】
考查介词。句意：2024年9月29日，中国载人航天事业的先驱王永志被授予中华人民共和国勋章。具体日期前用介词n。故填n。
【10题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：1986年，作为总设计部主任，他指导了长征火箭的设计，并在国家高新技术项目863工程中发挥了主导作用。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为Prject 863，指事物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
【11题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：他和他的同事们进行了300多次大型地面试验，克服了20项技术挑战。根据前文carried可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填vercame。
【12题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：他留给我们的是数百本笔记本和十几篇关于他工作的口述历史。此处引导主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，表示“……的事”，应用连接代词what引导。位于句首，首字母大写。故填What。
B
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
We use bth wrds and bdy language t express ur thughts and pinins in ur interactins with ther peple. Just like spken language, bdy language ____13____ (vary) frm culture t culture. When used ____14____ (apprpriate), bdy language serves as a pwerful tl t build trust between peple.
Therefre, it is essential t knw the cultural differences in bdy language. Fr example, in China, ____15____ (make) eye cntact when talking with smene is a way t display respect. Hwever, in sme Middle Eastern cuntries, it is implite. Knwing these, we can avid ____16____ (cause) misunderstandings and cnflict, and use bdy language mre effectively.
【答案】13. varies 14. apprpriately 15. making 16. causing
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讨论了肢体语言在人际交往中的重要性，以及肢体语言因文化差异而存在的不同。
【13题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：就像口头语言一样，肢体语言也因文化而异。空处作谓语，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，且主语“bdy language”为不可数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式varies。故填varies。
【14题详解】
考查副词。句意：当使用得当时，肢体语言是建立人与人之间信任的有力工具。修饰动词used需用副词apprpriately，作状语。故填apprpriately。
【15题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，在中国，与人交谈时保持眼神交流是一种表示尊重的方式。空处作主语，需用动名词形式。故填making。
【16题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：了解这些差异，我们可以避免造成误解和冲突，并更有效地使用肢体语言。avid ding sth.为固定搭配，表示“避免做某事”。故填causing。
第三节 翻译句子(共6小题;每小题2分，共12分)
请将下面的中文句子翻译成英文，翻译时须运用括号内所给的词汇。请将答案书写在答题卡相应位置。
17. 和朋友保持联系很重要。(keep in tuch)(汉译英)
______________________________________________________
【答案】Keeping in tuch with friends is imprtant.
【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。表示“和……保持联系”应用动词短语keep in tuch with，作主语，需用动名词短语；表示“朋友”应用friends；表示“是”应用be，此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，be动词用is；表示“重要的”应用imprtant。故翻译成：Keeping in tuch with friends is imprtant.。
18. 明天这个时候，我们将正在国家公园里骑车。(cycle) (汉译英)
______________________________________________________
【答案】We’ll be cycling in the natinal park this time tmrrw.
【详解】考查动词时态。表示“明天这个时候”应用时间状语this time tmrrw；表示“我们”应用we；表示“骑车”应用cycle，结合时间状语可知，使用将来进行时will be cycling；表示“国家公园”应用the natinal park。故翻译成：We’ll be cycling in the natinal park this time tmrrw.。
19. 成为一名志愿者的想法吸引了我。(appeal t) (汉译英)
______________________________________________________
【答案】The idea f being a vlunteer appeals t me.
【详解】考查动词时态。表示“……的想法”应用the idea f；表示“成为一名志愿者”应用be a vlunteer，位于介词后面，使用动名词形式；表示“吸引”应用appeal t，陈述目前事实，使用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式；表示“我”应用me。故翻译为The idea f being a vlunteer appeals t me.
20. 袁隆平为解决粮食问题奉献了一生。(devte) (汉译英)
______________________________________________________
【答案】Yuan Lngping devted his life t tackling the fd prblem.
【详解】考查动词时态和句子结构。本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。主语为Yuan Lngping；用句式devte…t ding sth表示“为解决粮食问题奉献了一生”为devte his life t tackling the fd prblem，t为介词，后接动名词作宾语。故翻译为Yuan Lngping devted his life t tackling the fd prblem.
21. 据估计，60%的学生参加过社会活动。(estimate; get invlved in) (汉译英)
______________________________________________________
【答案】It is estimated that 60% students have gt invlved in scial activities.
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“据估计”应用固定句型It is estimated that...，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句；表示“60%的学生”应用60% students；表示“参加”应用get invlved in，此处表示过去发生的事情对现在产生影响，需用现在完成时，主语为复数名词，助动词用have；表示“社会活动”应用scial activities。故翻译为It is estimated that 60% students have gt invlved in scial activities.。
22. 据我所知，他们已经说服教授接受了邀请。(persuade) (汉译英)
______________________________________________________
【答案】As far as I knw, they have persuaded the prfessr t accept the invitatin.
【详解】考查动词时态和句子结构。表示“据我所知”为固定搭配as far as I knw，为一般现在时；表示“他们已经说服教授”用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响；用句式persuade sb t d sth表示“说服教授接受了邀请”为persuad the prfessr t accept the invitatin。主谓一致，故翻译为As far as I knw, they have persuaded the prfessr t accept the invitatin.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，32分)
第一节(共11小题;每小题2分，共22分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Creating a smart hme is easier than ever. Smart hme devices have becme mre affrdable and easier t set up than in years past. Here are sme f the tp smart hme devices f the year.
Philips Hue Starter Kit
Cmpatible (兼容的) with sme relevant apps n yur smart phne fr vice cntrl and integratin, Philips Hue Starter Kit has everything yu need t make yur lights smarter. Users can cntrl the lights remtely wherever they use the app.
One buyer said, “Lve that I can switch n lights remtely and change the clrs f the rm frm an app n the phne.”
Nest Thermstat (恒温器)
With reliable perfrmance, the Nest Thermstat has prven t be ne f best prducts ever. It enables yu t cntrl yur hme’s temperature frm yur smart phne, and prgram it t enter energy-efficient mde when yu leave the huse.
One buyer remarked, “One f its utstanding features is its ability t learn yur preferences and autmatically adjust settings t keep yu cmfrtable.”
Autmatic Curtain Opener
The smart curtain is suitable fr bedrms, living rms, ffices, baby rms, and mre. Its upgraded mtr ensures smth peratin even n heavy curtains (up t 15KG), perfect fr thick curtain materials. Meanwhile, its silent mde enables yur device t perate belw 25dB (分贝), allwing yur curtains t drift slwer and quieter, great fr waking up in the mrning and perfect fr thse with sleep disrders r peple wh are sensitive t sund.
This envirnmentally friendly device is easy t use and saves electricity. Users can use the mbile app t manage curtain pening, clsing, and pen percentage. Vice cmmands are als accepted.
23. What can the Nest Thermstat d?
A. Save energy.B. Change the users’ habits.
C. Operate in a silent mde.D. Crrect the users’ sleeping disrder.
24. All the three prducts ________.
A. supprt vice cntrlB. prvide custmer service
C. can learn the users’ preferencesD. can be cntrlled frm the smart phne
【答案】23. A 24. D
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了三款顶级的智能家居设备。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Nest Thermstat (恒温器)部分的“It enables yu t cntrl yur hme’s temperature frm yur smart phne, and prgram it t enter energy-efficient mde when yu leave the huse.(它可以让你通过智能手机控制家中的温度，并在你离开家时将其设置为节能模式)”可知，Nest恒温器可以节约能源。故选A。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据Philips Hue Starter Kit部分的“Philips Hue Starter Kit has everything yu need t make yur lights smarter. Users can cntrl the lights remtely wherever they use the app.(Philips Hue入门套件拥有让你灯光更智能所需的一切。用户可以在使用应用程序的任何地方远程控制灯光)”，Nest Thermstat (恒温器)部分的“It enables yu t cntrl yur hme’s temperature frm yur smart phne.(它可以让你通过智能手机控制家中的温度)”和最后一段“Users can use the mbile app t manage curtain pening, clsing, and pen percentage.(用户可以使用手机应用程序管理窗帘的开合和开启百分比)”可知，Philips Hue入门套件、Nest恒温器和自动窗帘开启器这三款产品都可以通过智能手机控制。故选D。
B
It’s a Saturday mrning and I’m just fur metres frm the grund, clinging t (抓紧) a wall. I’ve reached the tp and can’t find a fthld t start back dwn. My heart is beating fast and my whle bdy is cld. I culd just let g and drp t the thick, sft safety mats (垫子) belw; but althugh I knw that wuldn’t hurt, smehw it seems incredible.
I am here t find ut why s many peple are falling in lve with indr climbing. It is reprted that there are ver 35 millin climbers wrldwide, and in the UK alne the numbers are grwing by 15 — 20% a year.
S, what’s the attractin? “I find it really hard nt t think abut wrk all the time,” says Paul Lennn, wh has been climbing fr tw years. “The wall is the ne place where I dn’t even need t try t switch ff. Yu just fcus n what yu’re ding and it’s very relaxing. There’s lts f prblem-slving, wrking ut where t put yur hands and feet. The mental effrt distracts yu frm ding much else.”
Anther thing that interests me, is the number f wmen in this activity. “It’s nn-threatening, and yu dn’t need t be a great athlete t d it.” says 24-year-ld Yasmine, wh has been climbing fr three years. “I dn’t feel at a disadvantage, and I knw sme ther wmen climbers feel like me. If a tall strng guy des the climb with a ne-arm pull-up, I can d it by stretching ut ne f my legs and balancing n a hld. My years f gymnastics when I was at schl have really helped. Althugh I’m shrt and lk relatively weak cmpared with thers, I’ve gt a leg-up in ther ways.”
When I eventually unfreeze and make it back dwn t earth, I ntice a nine-year-ld girl. She seems much mre mature in the decisin making and team-wrking skills than I wuld nrmally expect frm children f her age. Having learned that she has been t classes fr abut tw years. I decide t have anther g!
25. Reaching the tp f the wall, the authr feels________.
A. bredB. disappintedC. depressedD. frightened
26. Paul Lennn likes wall climbing because it helps him________.
A. build up his bdyB. find the meaning f life
C. get away frm wrkD. slve physical prblems
27. Accrding t Yasmine, what is her advantage in wall climbing?
A. Bdy flexibility.B. Teamwrk spirit.
C. Teaching experience.D. Prfessinal knwledge.
【答案】25. D 26. C 27. A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者通过亲身体验室内攀岩，并采访了几位攀岩爱好者，探讨了室内攀岩的吸引力以及为什么越来越多的人，包括女性，都爱上了这项运动。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“My heart is beating fast and my whle bdy is cld.(我的心跳得很快，全身发冷。)”可知，作者到达墙顶时感到害怕。故选D。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“I find it really hard nt t think abut wrk all the time…The wall is the ne place where I dn’t even need t try t switch ff. Yu just fcus n what yu’re ding and it’s very relaxing.(我发现很难一直不去想工作……攀岩墙是我唯一不需要刻意关掉工作思绪的地方。你只需要专注于你正在做的事情，这非常放松。)”可知，Paul Lennn喜欢攀岩是因为它能帮助他远离工作，放松自己。故选C。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Althugh I’m shrt and lk relatively weak cmpared with thers, I’ve gt a leg-up in ther ways.(虽然我个子矮，看起来比别人相对弱一些，但我在其他方面有优势。)”和“I can d it by stretching ut ne f my legs and balancing n a hld. My years f gymnastics when I was at schl have really helped.(我可以通过伸出一条腿，在一个支点上保持平衡来做到这一点。我在学校多年的体操训练真的很有帮助。)”可知，Yasmine认为她在攀岩中的优势是身体灵活性。故选A。
C
It’s true that there’s smething pleasant and trustwrthy abut a smile — but this can be misleading. Dig a little deeper and yu will find that the smile is actually ne f the biggest fakes ging.
We all put n a smile nw and again t cmfrt ur fellw humans and avid unnecessary cnflict. We all suppse, hwever, that a genuine (真诚的) smile f true enjyment is smething very different. In fact, it has been given a name: the Duchenne smile. This smile uses the muscles arund the eyes t lift the cheeks, prducing wrinkles arund the eyes, and has lng been held as an inimitable(不可仿效的) sign f true human emtin. Or at least it was until 2013, when researchers frm Bstn destryed that saying.
In their study, ne grup f vlunteers were asked t reprduce smiles shwn in phtgraphs, and anther grup t evaluate whether the first grup’s smiles were genuine Sme f the phtgraphs shwed muth-nly smiles, but thers shwed smiles using bth muth and eye-muscles. Tw-thirds f individuals turned ut t be able t fake a suppsedly genuine smile, and they were als able t d this well in their everyday lives.
These findings indicate that even the suppsedly genuine Duchenne smile can be cnvincingly simulated. S much fr smiling being an inimitable sign f true human emtin. But why are sme peple s gd at this kind f simulatin? The answer isn’t necessarily evil r harmful. In fact, mre researches have demnstrated that yu can actually smile yurself int a better md. Fake r nt, putting n a Duchenne smile may be just the medicine t fight against physical and mental difficulties.
The smile, then, can be a false friend. Peple smile — r nt — fr all kinds f reasns beynd simply hw happy they are feeling. But, as the saying ges, if yu can’t beat them, jin them. Next time yu’re having yur phtgraph taken, dn’t say “cheese”; say “cheeks”. Saying “cheeks” will nt nly shape yur muth nicely, but will als remind yu t squeeze yur cheeks upwards int a visually satisfying, genuine-lking Duchenne smile.
28. The Bstn researchers’ study prves that ________.
A. smiles dn’t help with cmmunicatin
B. nt all genuine-lking smiles shw true enjyment
C. the Duchenne smile can’t be replaced by ther expressins
D. the vlunteers with true smiles wn’t get upset easily in daily life
29. What des the underlined wrd “simulated” in Paragraph 4 mean?
A. Adjusted.B. Spread.C. Pretended.D. Tested.
30. What is the authr’s attitude tward false smiles?
A. Reserved.B. Hesitant.C. Accepting.D. Negative.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要探讨了微笑，尤其是杜兴式微笑的真实性与可模拟性，以及微笑在日常生活中的应用。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In fact, it has been given a name: the Duchenne smile. This smile uses the muscles arund the eyes t lift the cheeks, prducing wrinkles arund the eyes, and has lng been held as an inimitable sign f true human emtin. Or at least it was until 2013, when researchers frm Bstn destryed that saying.(事实上，它有一个名字：杜兴式微笑。这种微笑使用眼睛周围的肌肉来抬起脸颊，在眼睛周围产生皱纹，长期以来一直被认为是人类真实情感的不可模仿的标志。或者至少直到2013年，波士顿的研究人员打破了这种说法。)”和第三段“Tw-thirds f individuals turned ut t be able t fake a suppsedly genuine smile, and they were als able t d this well in their everyday lives.(三分之二的人能够假装出一个所谓的真诚的微笑，他们在日常生活中也能做得很好。)”可知，波士顿研究人员的研究表明，并非所有看起来真诚的微笑都表示真正的快乐，有些人可以假装出杜兴式微笑。故选B。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Tw-thirds f individuals turned ut t be able t fake a suppsedly genuine smile, and they were als able t d this well in their everyday lives.(结果显示，三分之二的人能够装出看似真诚的微笑，而且他们在日常生活中也能做得很好。)”可知，三分之二的人能够假装出一个所谓的真诚的微笑，即使是所谓的真诚的杜兴式微笑也可以被令人信服地假装，由此可推测出simulated在此处意为“假装”，即人们可以假装出杜兴式微笑；划线词“simulated”与Pretended意思一致。故选C。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Peple smile — r nt — fr all kinds f reasns beynd simply hw happy they are feeling. But, as the saying ges, if yu can’t beat them, jin them.(人们微笑或不微笑有各种各样的原因，而不仅仅是因为他们感觉有多快乐。但是，俗话说，如果你不能打败他们，就加入他们吧。)”可知，作者认为假笑在某些情况下是可以接受的，甚至可以利用它来改善心情或应对某些情况，所以作者对假笑持接受的态度。故选C。
D
It is ne f the biggest questins in envirnmental prtectin: Shuld we be sharing ur landscapes with nature by restring small wdlands and adpting small-size ec-friendly farming? Or shuld we instead be sparing large areas f land fr nature — by creating mre natinal parks and industrializing agriculture n existing farmland?
The argument between ‘sparing’ and ‘sharing’ began decades ag. Leading tday’s argument fr the sparers is the researcher Beniamin Phalan, wh believes that by prducing mre fd per unit f farm area, mre land wuld be available fr wildlife. He lked at the relatinship between crp yields and the number f bird and tree species in the frests in Africa and Asia, and fund that bidiversity did best where intensified crpping left space fr unfarmed habitats He cncluded that “mst species will have larger ppulatins if fd is prduced n as small an area as pssible, while sparing as large an area f nature as pssible.”
Game ver? Nt s fast. A leading supprter f wildlife-friendly farming, Claire Kremen f the University f Califrnia Berkeley, has cme ut fighting. She says that Phalan’s findings “dn’t assess the lng-term cnsequences f islating (孤立) species in prtected areas.” Her research shws that “even very large prtected areas will lse species if they remain islated ver time.” S in the lng run, sparing wn’t spare mre land fr nature cnservatin r feed the wrld fr ever. T avid mass extinctin and ecsystem breakdwn, we must integrate bidiversity prtectin int the landscape we use.
S, sparing r sharing? In fact, agricultural intensificatin wn’t deliver mre land fr nature unless there are tugh rules t prtect land nt yet farmed. In the 19th century, mre efficient cal-pwered engines did nt reduce cal burning but massively increased it by kick-starting the industrial revlutin. Fllwing that example, the result f agricultural intensificatin will prbably be mre land t be farmed.
Nature des nt recgnize the bundaries f natinal parks. Whether migrating elephants in Kenya r mnarch butterflies in Nrth America, much nature exists in human-made agricultural landscapes. Recent research suggests that simply reserving land will remve all threats t very few species — nly 3 percent in fact.
S the ptential t share the land withut giving up nature’s last wild places is much greater than nce thught. Like what Kremen says, “We can spare 50 percent and share the rest.”
31. What will the sparers prbably agree with?
A. Relying n birds t get rid f pests.
B. Prtecting insects by rganic farming.
C. Erasing the bundaries f natinal parks.
D. Enlarging the size f naturally grwing frests.
32. Why des the authr mentin the cal-pwered engines in Paragraph 4?
A. T analyse the cnsequence f the industrial revlutin.
B. T remind us f the pssible risk f intensified crpping.
C. T present an example f failure in envirnmental prtectin.
D. T cmpare agricultural intensificatin with wildlife-friendly farming.
33. What is mainly talked abut in the passage?
A. Hw t quiet the argument abut ec-friendly farming.
B. Hw t balance envirnmental p prtectin and agriculture.
C. Hw t tackle the challenge f preventing ecsystem breakdwn.
D. Hw t reduce envirnmental damage caused by mixed agriculture.
【答案】31. D 32. B 33. B
【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了关于环境保护和农业发展的两种策略：“保留”和“共享”，并探讨了如何在两者之间找到平衡。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“Leading tday’s argument fr the sparers is the researcher Beniamin Phalan, wh believes that by prducing mre fd per unit f farm area, mre land wuld be available fr wildlife.(如今，保留派的主要代表是研究人员Beniamin Phalan，他认为，通过提高单位农田面积的食物产量，可以为野生动物腾出更多的土地。)”可知，保留派可能会同意扩大自然生长森林的面积，为野生动物提供更多的栖息地。故选D。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“In fact, agricultural intensificatin wn’t deliver mre land fr nature unless there are tugh rules t prtect land nt yet farmed. In the 19th century, mre efficient cal-pwered engines did nt reduce cal burning but massively increased it by kick-starting the industrial revlutin.(事实上，农业集约化不会为自然提供更多的土地，除非有严格的规定来保护尚未耕种的土地。19世纪，更高效的煤动力发动机并没有减少煤炭燃烧，反而通过引发工业革命而大规模增加了煤炭燃烧。)”可知，作者提到煤动力发动机是为了提醒我们集约化耕作可能带来的风险，农业集约化在没有严格规则保护未开发的土地的情况下可能导致更大面积土地被开发和利用，即可能会像工业革命时期一样，导致对土地资源的过度开发和利用。故选B。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“It is ne f the biggest questins in envirnmental prtectin: Shuld we be sharing ur landscapes with nature by restring small wdlands and adpting small-size ec-friendly farming? Or shuld we instead be sparing large areas f land fr nature — by creating mre natinal parks and industrializing agriculture n existing farmland?(这是环境保护中最大的问题之一：我们应该通过恢复小林地和采用小型环保农业来与自然共享我们的景观吗？或者，我们应该通过创建更多的国家公园和在现有农田上实现农业工业化，为自然保留大片土地吗？)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讨论了如何平衡环境保护和农业的问题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。
One f the majr prblems fr scientists lies in cmmunicating the value f research t the general public. ____34____ In rder t cmmunicate new scientific develpments effectively, universities and research institutes nw try t make press releases user-friendly. These press releases are targeted d t the general public, including infrmatin abut risk as well as the limitatins f a particular science study.
The develpment f blgs has helped in bringing science clser t the public. Science blggers generally fcus n areas f science that they are bth passinate and knwledgeable abut._____35_____ And it is this that perhaps mst attracts members f the public. Ed’s Ppular Science, fr instance, is filled d with the writer’s passin and dwn-t-earth attitude twards science. His chatty, yuthful style attracts a wide range f readers.
____36____ Early pineers include Jacques Custeau, whse beautifully filmed dcumentaries pened up the ceans t millins. This quickly realised the ptential f TV t make science cme alive fr viewers. Other science dcumentary films, such as the BBC TV series Wnders f the Slar System, have eagerly fllwed suit. ____37____ Fr example, scientists are ffered vide services t create nline presentatins f their research.
Nevertheless, despite this prgress, cmmunicatin still remains ne f science’s biggest prblems. Sme scientists ften underestimate the imprtance f the ability t understand and effectively use varius frms f media.____38____ Perhaps it is time that universities addressed this prblem, and thught abut adding cmmunicatins training t the curriculum.
A. Televisin has als bsted the image f science.
B. This brings science int the field f ppular culture.
C. They ften write abut science in an accessible, lively manner.
D. The pwer f visual media via the Internet has als been used.
E. There is a tendency amng scientists twards ld-fashined research apprach.
F. Cnsequently, public attentin and supprt fr their research may be missed ut.
G. Scientific rganisatins have cme a lng way in develping ways t make science mre accessible t nn-specialist grups.
【答案】34. G 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. F
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家向公众传达研究的价值所采用的方法和取得的进步。
【34题详解】
上文“One f the majr prblems fr scientists lies in cmmunicating the value f research t the general public. (科学家面临的主要问题之一是向公众传达研究的价值。)”和下文“In rder t cmmunicate new scientific develpments effectively, universities and research institutes nw try t make press releases user-friendly. (为了有效地传播新的科学发展，大学和研究机构现在试图使新闻稿对用户友好。)”说明科学家在向公众（即非专业群体）传达研究的价值方面已经取得了进步，选项“G.科学组织在发展使非专业群体更容易获得科学的方法方面已经取得了长足的进步。”承上启下，符合题意。故选G项。
【35题详解】
上文“The develpment f blgs has helped in bringing science clser t the public. Science blggers generally fcus n areas f science that they are bth passinate and knwledgeable abut. (博客的发展有助于拉近科学与公众的距离。科学博主通常关注他们既感兴趣又有知识的科学领域。)”说明科学博主想办法拉近科学与公众的距离，选项“C.他们经常用通俗易懂、生动活泼的方式写科学。”承接上文，说明他们的具体做法。故选C项。
【36题详解】
下文“Early pineers include Jacques Custeau, whse beautifully filmed dcumentaries pened up the ceans t millins. This quickly realised the ptential f TV t make science cme alive fr viewers. (早期的开拓者包括雅克·库斯托，他拍摄的精美纪录片为数百万人打开了海洋的大门。这很快意识到电视的潜力，使科学为观众生动起来。)”说明电视使科学生动起来，选项“A.电视也提升了科学的形象。”引领下文，符合题意。故选A项。
【37题详解】
下文“Fr example, scientists are ffered vide services t create nline presentatins f their research. (例如，为科学家提供视频服务来创建他们研究的在线演示。)”举例说明互联网位科学家提供在线服务，选项“D.通过互联网的视觉媒体的力量也被利用了。”引领下文，说明互联网也被利用起来。故选D项。
【38题详解】
上文“Sme scientists ften underestimate the imprtance f the ability t understand and effectively use varius frms f media. (一些科学家常常低估了理解和有效使用各种形式媒体的能力的重要性。)”说明一些科学家不能有效使用各种形式媒体，选项“F.因此，公众对他们的研究的关注和支持可能会被错过。”和上文之间是因果关系，这样就造成公众对研究的关注和支持的错过。故选F项。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共4小题;第39、40题各2分，第41题3分，第42题5分，共12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
The grwth mindset is a belief system that prmtes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be develped with time, effrt, and devtin. These are all aspects f yurself that can grw and imprve ver time.
Accrding t a research, the cncept f a “grwth mindset” is a shift frm the traditinal “fixed mindset.” Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their abilities are unchangeable. This can bring abut self-created barriers and limit persnal grwth. In cntrast, peple with a grwth mindset welcme challenges, and believe that their ptential is unlimited. They understand that intelligence and skill can be develped.
Develping a grwth mindset is crucial because it builds tughness, prmtes learning, and fuels success. It encurages yu t view challenges as pprtunities, imprving adaptability and prblem-slving skills. Having a grwth mindset can transfrm the way yu apprach challenges and setbacks, leading t higher levels f achievement and satisfactin.
An imprtant step n develping a grwth mindset is t welcme challenges int yur life. See each challenge as a puzzle t slve, r a game t win. It’s abut shifting frm “I can’t d this” t “I can’t d this, yet.” Remember, grwth mindset cmes frm stretching yur abilities, stepping ut f yur cmfrt zne, and daring t d what yu nce thught impssible.
The next step? Redefine failure. Peple with a grwth mindset view failure as a learning experience — a stepping stne n their path t success. S, the next time yu fail, analyze what went wrng, learn frm it, and use that knwledge t d better next time.
Even when prgress seems S slw, yur effrt isn’t wasted; it’s building the strength yu need t achieve yur gals. Realizing the value f hard wrk s and celebrating these effrts will strengthen the belief that abilities can be expanded with time and cmmitment.
39. What is the grwth mindset?
_________________________________________________________
40. What is the disadvantage f “fixed mindset”?
_________________________________________________________
41. What is mainly talked abut in Paragraph 3? (Abut 10 wrds)
_________________________________________________________
42. Speaking f language learning, hw will yu develp yur grwth mindset? (Abut 40 wrds)
_________________________________________________________
【答案】39. It is a belief system that prmtes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be develped with time, effrt, and devtin.
40. It can bring abut self-created barriers and limit persnal grwth.
41. The benefits that having a grwth mindset brings./ The imprtance f having a grwth mindset.
42. We shuld welcme challenges and believe that ur ptential is infinite. We shuld view challenges as pprtunities and enhance ur adaptability and prblem-slving skills. We are nt afraid f setbacks and failures, thus achieving higher levels f achievement and satisfactin.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了成长型思维的优势以及怎样培养成长型心态。
【39题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第一段“The grwth mindset is a belief system that prmtes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be develped with time, effrt, and devtin. These are all aspects f yurself that can grw and imprve ver time.(成长型思维是一种信仰体系，它提倡能力和智力可以通过时间、努力和投入来发展。随着时间的推移，这些都是你可以成长和提高的方面。)”可知，成长型思维是一种信仰体系，提倡能力和智力可以通过时间、努力和奉献来发展。故答案为It is a belief system that prmtes the idea that abilities and intelligence can be develped with time, effrt, and devtin.
【40题详解】
考查细节理解。根据第二段“Individuals with a fixed mindset believe their abilities are unchangeable. This can bring abut self-created barriers and limit persnal grwth. (拥有固定心态的人认为他们的能力是不可改变的。这会给自己制造障碍，限制个人成长。)”可知，“固定心态”会带来自我制造的障碍，限制个人的成长。故答案为It can bring abut self-created barriers and limit persnal grwth.
【41题详解】
考查主旨大意。根据第三段“Develping a grwth mindset is crucial because it builds tughness, prmtes learning, and fuels success. It encurages yu t view challenges as pprtunities, imprving adaptability and prblem-slving skills. Having a grwth mindset can transfrm the way yu apprach challenges and setbacks, leading t higher levels f achievement and satisfactin.(培养成长型心态是至关重要的，因为它能培养韧性，促进学习，推动成功。它鼓励你将挑战视为机遇，提高你的适应能力和解决问题的能力。拥有成长的心态可以改变你面对挑战和挫折的方式，从而获得更高水平的成就和满足感。)”可知，本段主要讨论了拥有成长型心态带来的好处，即拥有成长型心态的重要性。故答案为The benefits that having a grwth mindset brings./ The imprtance f having a grwth mindset.
【42题详解】
开放题目。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了成长型思维的优势以及怎样培养成长型心态。在语言学习上，我们应该欢迎挑战，并相信我们的潜力是无限的。我们应该把挑战视为机遇，提高我们的适应能力和解决问题的能力。我们不怕挫折和失败，从而取得更高水平的成就和满足感。故答案为We shuld welcme challenges and believe that ur ptential is infinite. We shuld view challenges as pprtunities and enhance ur adaptability and prblem-slving skills. We are nt afraid f setbacks and failures, thus achieving higher levels f achievement and satisfactin.
第二节(20分)
43. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。下个月你校将举办主题为 Bridging Culture的活动，你们班负责介绍英国文化，你的英国朋友Jim正在北京学习。请你用英文给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.邀请参加活动；
2.希望他在活动中做些什么。
注意：
1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【参考范文】
Dear Jim,
Hw are yu getting alng these days?
I am writing t invite yu t take part in ur schl’s upcming event. An event themed n “Bridging Culture” will take place in ur schl next mnth. Our class is ging t intrduce British culture t ur fellw students.
Since yu are in Beijing, I’d like t invite yu t jin us. I knw yu are passinate abut yur cuntry’s custms and traditins. If yu can cme smetime during the event, wuld yu give a presentatin n a tpic related t British culture? I believe yur vivid intrductin will definitely bridge the culture between China and yur hmeland!
Lking frward t yur early reply and hping t see yu at the event!
Yurs
Li Hua