第06讲 构词法（练习）-2025年高考英语寒假讲义（新教材新高考）

这是一份第06讲 构词法（练习）-2025年高考英语寒假讲义（新教材新高考），文件包含第06讲构词法练习原卷版docx、第06讲构词法练习解析版docx等2份试卷配套教学资源，其中试卷共24页， 欢迎下载使用。

用所给词的适当形式填空
题型一 形容词后缀的考查
1.（23-24高三·福建漳州·阶段练习）S far, Shalin Kungfu has becme a windw f Chinese culture t the wrld, which als turns Shalin Temple int the mst (influence) “hly land” f martial arts in the wrld.
【答案】influential
【解析】考查形容词。句意：至今，少林功夫已成为中国文化向世界展示的窗口，这也使少林寺成为世界上最具影响力的武术“圣地”。空处缺少形容词作定语，influence对应的形容词为influential“有影响力的”。故填influential。
2.（23-24高三·重庆·期中）The city’s task centers n the belief that its (star) skies have the ptential t inject energy int the cnventinal turism.
【答案】starry
【解析】考查形容词。句意：这座城市的任务集中在相信它的星空有可能为传统旅游业注入活力。修饰名词skies应用形容词starry，故填starry。
3.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）Brn in 1587, Xu Xiake grew up in a rich family. Yet he rejected the ___ （cmfrt) life t travel the lst wrld f imperial China.
【答案】cmfrtable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：徐霞客生于1587年，在一个富有的家庭中长大。然而，他毅然放弃了安逸的生活，选择去探索那个鲜为人知的古代中国世界。分析句子结构，空白处修饰名词life，作定语，应用形容词cmfrtable“安逸的”。故填cmfrtable。
4.（23-24高三·广东·阶段练习）Tday, these yellwed pieces f mail have becme a (natin) cultural treasure.
【答案】natinal
【解析】考查形容词。句意：今天，这些泛黄的邮件已经成为国家的文化瑰宝。修饰名词cultural treasure应用形容词。故填natinal。
5.（2024·浙江·模拟预测）As China has mre than 297 millin peple (age) 60 and ver, accrding t the latest statistics, this day has grwn in ppularity ver the years.
【答案】aged
【解析】考查形容词。句意：根据最新统计，中国60岁及以上的人口超过2.97亿，这一天多年来越来越受欢迎。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要形容词，意为“年龄是……岁的”，作后置定语。故填aged。
6.（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）S it ges in China, where tea is (day) necessity.
【答案】daily
【解析】考查形容词。句意：在茶是日常必需品的中国也是如此。分析句子可知，空处是修饰necessity的定语，day的形容词形式daily符合题意，意为“日常的”，daily necessity意为“日常必需品”。故填daily。
7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）Nwadays, muttn htpt has becme ne f the favrite cuisines f the Chinese, with (technlgy) develpment in muttn prductin allwing fr year-rund supplies f fresh meat acrss the cuntry.
【答案】technlgical
【解析】考查形容词。句意：如今，羊肉火锅已经成为中国人最喜欢的美食之一，随着羊肉生产技术的发展，全国各地全年都有新鲜的肉类供应。修饰名词develpment，应用形容词technlgical作定语。故填technlgical。
8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习） Whether due t its lng histry r the strng (decrate) effect, silk flwers were cmmn accessries f the ancient wmen.
【答案】decrative
【解析】考查形容词。句意：无论是由于其悠久的历史，还是强烈的装饰效果，绢花是古代妇女常用的饰物。修饰后面的名词effect，使用形容词作定语，故填decrative。
9.（2024·山东·模拟预测）The tray table is (adjust), s that passengers seated at different heights are able t use it.
【答案】adjustable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：小桌板是可调节的，因此坐在不同高度的乘客都可以使用它。作表语，表示“可调节的”应用形容词adjustable。故填adjustable。
10.（福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024学年高三试题）On the east bank f Chahu, China’s fifth-largest freshwater lake, rests a (mystery) ancient “kingdm” f jade called Lingjiatan.
【答案】mysterius
【解析】考查形容词。句意：在中国第五大淡水湖巢湖东岸，坐落着一个神秘的古代玉石“王国”——凌家滩。修饰名词kingdm应用形容词mysterius，作定语。故填mysterius。
题型二 副词后缀的考查
1.（2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Mving frward, we’ll grasp the pprtunities t remain at the frefrnt f BRI’s jint cnstructin and prvide mre tp-level green energy (glbal).”
【答案】 glbally
【解析】考查副词。句意：展望未来，我们将抓住机遇，继续走在共建“一带一路”前列，为全球提供更多高水平绿色能源。分析句子可知，空处修饰动词prvide，用副词作状语。故填glbally。
（2024·浙江·二模）It is believed that by arranging things (apprpriate), ne can harnize the energies f the natural wrld.
【答案】 apprpriately
【解析】考查副词。句意：人们相信，通过适当布置事物，可以和谐自然界的能量。此处需要一个副词修饰动词arranging，因此使用apprpriately“适当地”，作状语。故填apprpriately。
3.（2024·辽宁六校联考）Apart frm this, existing examples f ancient Chinese architecture are als (wide) praised fr its elegant utlines and varius features, such as verhanging eaves(屋檐), upturned rf crners, and different shapes f rfs.
【答案】widely
【解析】考查副词。句意：除此之外，现存的中国古代建筑也因其优美的外形和各种不同的特征而广受赞誉，如悬垂的屋檐、翘起的屋角和不同形状的屋顶。修饰动词praise应用副词widely，表示“广泛地”，wide作副词时表示“宽地”不符合语境。故填widely。
4.（2023高三·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）“One wh hlds ffice shuld pl the ideas and wisdm f the peple and_________ (extensive) draw n all well-intended and useful views,” wrte Zhuge Liang in his article, “Instructins t Subjects and Officials.”
【答案】extensively
【解析】考查副词。句意：诸葛亮在他的《教与军师长史参军掾属》中写道：“为官者就是要集思广益，广泛吸取忠直有益的意见。”修饰动词词组draw n“利用”应用副词形式。故填extensively。
5.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）The bat cmes ut (magnificent), and its shape and features are distinctive f the nrth f Fujian prvince.
【答案】magnificently
【解析】考查副词。句意：这艘船出来时气势恢宏，其形状和特征具有闽北特色。提示词修饰动词短语cmes ut，用副词magnificently作状语，意为“壮丽地，宏伟地”。故填magnificently。
6.（2024·江西九江·二模）In 2005, the pattern was (successful)selected as the symbl f China’s cultural heritage t shwcase the ancient Chinese peple’s wisdm and aspiratins.
【答案】successfully
【解析】考查副词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。修饰动词用副词作状语。故填successfully。
7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）It was als (extrardinary) ppular amng many ryal families f the Qing Dynasty.
【答案】extrardinarily
【解析】考查副词。句意：它在清朝的许多皇室中也非常流行。根据空后的形容词可知，此处应用extrardinary的副词形式。故填extrardinarily。
8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习）Silk flwers are the flwers (typical) made with silk, satin and ther high-grade fabrics.
【答案】typically
【解析】考查副词。句意：绢花是用丝绸、缎子等高档面料制作的花。修饰动词made，使用副词作状语，故填typically。
9.(2024·湖南高三模拟) (basic), medical incense can kill bacteria in the envirnment, prtecting peple against infectins.
【答案】Basically
【解析】考查副词。句意：基本上，药香可以杀死环境中的细菌，保护人们免受感染。分析句子，设空处使用basic的副词basically作状语，修饰句子，意为“基本上地”，同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Basically。
(2024·云南师大附中高三模拟) Saint-Exupéry wrte and drew n (extreme) thin paper, which made the task f transprting the pages f the manuscript even mre challenging.
【答案】extremely
【解析】考查副词。句意：圣-埃克苏普海姆在极其薄的纸上书写和绘图，这使得运送手稿的任务变得更加困难。修饰形容词thin应使用副词，extremely意为“极其”，故填extremely。
题型三 名词后缀的考查
1.（2024·浙江嘉兴·模拟预测）Unlike Qingzhi, Wan Yue, a mther f tw, became a hanfu (enthusiasm) fr the sense f cmmunity.
【答案】enthusiast
【解析】考查名词。句意：与清芝不同的是，作为两个孩子的母亲，万悦成为了一名追求社区感的汉服爱好者。结合语义和不定冠词a，用单数名词enthusiast (爱好者)作表语。故填enthusiast。
2.（23-24高三·安徽·阶段练习） It has als facilitated the (adpt) f clean energy in Africa, helping it avid the pllutin assciated with Western industrializatin.
【答案】adptin
【解析】考查名词。句意：它还促进了非洲采用清洁能源，帮助非洲避免了与西方工业化相关的污染。根据空前的the和空后的f可知此处应该填名词adptin作宾语，为不可数名词。故填adptin。
3.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）Have yu ever experienced ne f the earliest mvies? It basts star-studded ensembles (乐团), underges rapid transfrmatins in the blink f an eye, and even includes special effects, music and (perfrm), all withut the aid f machines r cmputers.
【答案】perfrmances
【解析】考查名词。句意：它拥有众星云集的乐团，瞬息之间千变万化，甚至包括特效、音乐和表演，所有这些都不需要机器或电脑的帮助。分析句子可知，空处和special effects以及music并列，作includes的宾语，名词perfrmance“表演”符合题意，且空前没有表示单数概念的修饰语，可数名词perfrmance应用复数形式，表泛指。故填perfrmances。
4.（2024·湖南·一模）Start yur (explre) frm Sichuan Cuisine Museum, enjy different aspects f Sichuan cuisine, satisfy yur curisity and taste buds and experience all fun fr “Playing with Chuancais”.
【答案】explratin
【解析】考查名词。句意：从川菜博物馆开始，领略川菜的方方面面，满足你的好奇心和味蕾，体验“玩川菜”的一切乐趣。分析句子可知，空处作start的宾语，用名词。故填explratin。
5.（23-24·湖北·沙市中学模拟）Nw as Hangzhu has grabbed the wrld's attentin, turists frm varius places have gathered t this heavenly city t enjy its slw life temp and beautiful natural __ (surrund) .
【答案】surrundings
【解析】考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用surrund的名词surrundings作宾语，意为“周围环境”，其通常使用复数形式。故填surrundings。
（23-24·湖南长沙·雅礼中学模拟）In sme parts f China, this ceremny is experiencing a____ (revive).
【答案】revival
【解析】考查名词。句意：在中国的一些地区，这个仪式正在复兴。作动词的宾语，结合不定冠词可知应用单数名词revival，故填revival。
7.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）“On the surface, Xu's travel can neither be classified as great affairs f state nr great undertakings that changed the curse f histry.” writes the cultural histrian Zheng Peikai. “Xu traveled t satisfy his wn______ (curius) — he traveled fr the sake f traveling.”
【答案】curisity
【解析】考查名词。句意：徐旅行是为了满足自己的好奇心——他旅行是为了旅行。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，应用名词curisity“好奇心”，不可数名词。故填curisity。
8.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）During the early hurs f the Lantern Festival, abut 60 t 70 villagers gather t burn the midnight il at the lcal ancestral hall t finish the making f the giant bat,which is abut 6 t 8 meters lng and 3 t 4 meters in (high), in ne g.
【答案】height
【解析】考查名词。句意：在元宵节的凌晨，大约60到70名村民聚集在当地的祠堂里，点燃午夜的油，一口气完成巨型船的制作，这艘船长约6到8米，高约3到4米。提示词作介词宾语，用名词height；in height“有……高”。故填height。
9.（23-24高三·广东珠海·阶段练习）It’s believed that recgnizing the cultural value f the custm matters in the ____ (prmte) f Chinese traditins.
【答案】prmtin
【解析】考查名词。句意：人们认为，认识到这种习俗的文化价值对于弘扬中国传统很重要。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式。故填prmtin。
10.（23-24高三·山东威海·阶段练习）It is just ne example f ancient wrks f art that nt nly tells the (wise) f ur ancestrs, but als is a witness t the pursuit f beauty by Chinese craftsmen thrughut centuries.
【答案】wisdm
【解析】考查名词。句意：它只是古代艺术作品的一个例子，它不仅讲述了我们祖先的智慧，也见证了几个世纪以来中国工匠对美的追求。根据空前的the和空后的f可知，空处应用名词在句中作宾语，wise的名词是wisdm意为“智慧”，是不可数名词。故填wisdm。
题型四 动词后缀的考查
1．T avid knee pain, yu can run n sft surface, d exercises t (strength) yur leg muscles.
【答案】strengthen
【解析】考查动词。句意：为了避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面上跑步，做一些锻炼来加强你的腿部肌肉。由句意及空前的yu can run n sft surface, d exercises t及空后的yur leg muscles可知应填动词原形，不定式作目的状语。故填strengthen。
2．Knwing sme tips will help (sure) that yu have an enjyable meal with friends r family — n matter where yu are in the wrld.
【答案】ensure
【解析】考查动词和短语。句意：了解一些技巧将有助于确保你与朋友或家人一起享受愉快的晚餐，无论你在世界的哪个地方。help d sth.意思为：有助于做某事，空处之后that引导宾语从句，此处表示“确保”用动词ensure。故填ensure。
3．Fr a beginner f sprts, it is highly recmmendable that the time fr training (length) little by little.
【答案】be lengthened
【解析】考查动词。句意：对于刚开始运动的人来说，强烈建议慢慢延长训练时间。分析句子，句中it is recmmendable that sb （shuld）d为虚拟语气，意为“推荐某人应该做某事”，该结构中shuld可以省略。故设空处使用该使用length的动词lengthen作主语从句的谓语动词，意为“延长”。同时the time 与lengthen之间的关系是被动关系，用被动语态。故填be lengthened。
4．The lcal elephant ppulatin (threat) by paching until stricter law enfrcement was implemented.
【答案】was threatened
【解析】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：在实施更严格的执法之前，当地的大象数量受到偷猎的威胁。由was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，由by可知，句子用被动语态，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态，主语The lcal elephant ppulatin是不可数名词，因此空格处是was threatened。故填was threatened。
5．Fields f flwers, tile-rfed villages and tasty meals (rich) this wnderful experience.
【答案】enrich
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：鲜花的田野、瓦房的村庄和美味的食物丰富了这一美妙的体验。分析句子结构可知，空格处用动词作谓语，rich的动词是enrich，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语“Fields f flwers, tile-rfed villages and tasty meals”是复数概念，因此空格处用动词原形，故填enrich。
题型五 前缀的考查
1.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）The challenge f mastering this millennia-ld technique within such a shrt time initially seemed like missin (pssible).
【答案】impssible
【解析】考查形容词。句意：在如此短的时间内掌握这一千年历史的技术的挑战最初似乎是不可能完成的任务。分析句子可知，空处作修饰missin的定语，结合“The challenge f mastering this millennia-ld technique within such a shrt time”可知，此处指“不可能完成的任务”，应用pssible的反义词impssible，意为“不可能的”。
2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）I shall never frget watching the sunrise ver the sea-it was (frget)!
【答案】unfrgettable
【解析】考查形容词。句意：我永远不会忘记在海上看日出——它是令人难以忘记的。空格前“was”是系动词，后面接形容词。括号中给出的提示词动词“frget”，对应的形容词是“frgettable”意思是“易被忘记的”。但根据句意这里应该使用反义“难以忘记的”，需要添加否定前缀。故填unfrgettable。
3．Many stars, which are ut f the slar system, are (visible) withut a telescpe.
【答案】invisible
【解析】考查形容词。句意：太阳系外的许多恒星不用望远镜是看不见的。由句意可知，此处应用visible的反义词invisible(看不见的)，形容词作表语。故填invisible。
4．If ne is late fr a jb interview, it is (likely) that he will get the jb.
【答案】unlikely
【解析】考查形容词和构词法。句意：如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作。由If ne is late fr a jb interview（如果一个人面试迟到）可知，如果一个人面试迟到，他就不太可能得到工作，因此空格处为“不可能的”，is后跟形容词作表语，“不可能的”的形容词为unlikely，故填unlikely。
5．He is a gd teacher wh never expresses the least (patience) with slw learners.
【答案】impatience
【解析】考查构词法。句意：他是一位好老师，对学得慢的学生从不表现出丝毫不耐烦的。根据句意，应是“不耐烦，没耐心”；patience是名词“耐心”，前面加上否定前缀im-，构成其反义词impatience“不耐烦”。故填impatience。
6．It is (legal) t emply smene under the age f sixteen.
【答案】illegal
【解析】考查形容词。句意：雇用16岁以下的人是违法的。根据背景知识，“emply smene under the age f sixteen（雇佣16岁以下的人）”应该是违法的；legal是“合法的”，应加否定前缀il-， 构成形容词illegal，意思为“非法的”。故填illegal。
题型一 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（运用构词法理解文中加黑字）
The US Institute f Electrical and Electrnics Engineers (IEEE) recently asked scientists, lawyers, scial scientists and ther experts t cnsider sme f these ethical dimensin. T give tw examples: n privacy, as we let mre listening devices int ur hmes, hw d we prevent the data they cllect falling int the wrng hands thrugh hacking (黑客) r simply being sld between cmpanies withut us receiving any mney? Anther example: mixed reality, including virtual reality, will becme pervasive in the next few years. As we mve frm headsets t what the IEEE cmmittee describes as “mre delicate sensry enhancements” we will use technlgy t live in an illusry wrld in many aspects f ur lives. Hw d we balance the rights f the individual, cntrl ver ur virtual identity, and the need t live and interact n a face-t-face basis while being empwered t live rich lives in mixed reality?
There is, f curse, always a tensin between innvatin and regulatin. But it can ften seem that giant steps are taken in technlgy with minimal public discussin. Take the self-driving car: althugh it may be safer than human drivers and is likely t save mre than a millin lives a year wrldwide, it will als take jbs frm drivers, traffic plice, sign-makers, car-repair cmpanies, carmakers and mre. Is this a bargain we want t make? In taking that decisin, have we given thught t a car that knws everywhere we g, decides rutes, perhaps, based n paid advertisement frm shps alng the way—and listens and sees everything we d n bard? What will happen t that data and can it be kept safe?
Additinally, while sme wrry abut the uncmmn “trlley prblem” f whm the car shuld chse t hit in a strange accident—an ld lady r a mther and baby—perhaps the mre frequent issue will be hw we find ut what the algrithm (运算程序) was thinking at the time f an accident, because AIs (Artificial Intelligence) are self-learning and devise their wn strategies.
Similar cncerns are emerging ver the internet f things. Rbt vacuum-cleaners already plt cleaning cycles using cmputer-aided visin that, fr sme mdels, is relayed t their manufacturers. As mre things at hme becme cnnected, they will be hackable and the data they cllect saleable.
It’s time fr sme messy, demcratic discussins abut the future f AI.
1．Tw examples in paragraph 1 are used t________.
A．shed sme light n hacking in ur mdern life
B．lead the reader t think f ethical issues brught by hi-tech
C．lead in the fllwing example cncerning the self-driving car
D．list the existing prblems that caught the attentin f experts
2．The wrd “pervasive” in paragraph 1 prbably means “________”.
A．intelligentB．pwerfulC．widespreadD．skillful
3．We can infer frm the passage that________.
A．innvatin shuld be accmpanied by guidelines t relieve tensin
B．mre giant innvative steps will lead t fewer public discussin
C．disadvantages f the self-driving car will utweigh its advantages
D．artificial intelligence fails t have a prmising and bright future
4．In the passage, the authr intends t ________.
A．expse sme underlying prblems in high-technlgy
B．call n prfessinals t enfrce law and rder
C．illustrate AI’s abilities in self-devising and self-learning strategies
D．display ur inter-cnnected cmputer-aided life in future
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章以自动驾驶车辆以及机器人吸尘器可能带来的问题为例，揭露高科技的潜在问题，呼吁人们考虑高科技带来的一些伦理问题。
1．推理判断题。根据第一段的“The US Institute f Electrical and Electrnics Engineers (IEEE) recently asked scientists, lawyers, scial scientists and ther experts t cnsider sme f these ethical dimensin. (美国电气与电子工程师协会（IEEE）最近要求科学家、律师、社会科学家和其他专家考虑其中一些道德层面)”推知，第一段的两个例子是为了引导读者思考高科技带来的伦理问题。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。结合常识和第一段“in the next few years(未来几年)”可知，随着时间的发展，新兴事物之后会变得普遍，划线词所在句子意为“混合现实，包括虚拟现实，将在未来几年变得普遍”，即pervasive意为“普遍的”，与widespread同义。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第二段的“There is, f curse, always a tensin between innvatin and regulatin. But it can ften seem that giant steps are taken in technlgy with minimal public discussin. (当然，创新和监管之间总是存在矛盾。但在科技领域取得巨大进展时，公众的讨论往往很少)”和最后一段“It’s time fr sme messy, demcratic discussins abut the future f AI.(是时候对人工智能的未来进行一些混乱、民主的讨论了)”可知，科技发展，公众需要进行一些相关讨论去明确方向，可得出创新应伴随着缓解紧张局势的指导方针。故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据第一段的“T give tw examples: n privacy, as we let mre listening devices int ur hmes, hw d we prevent the data they cllect falling int the wrng hands thrugh hacking(黑客)r simply being sld between cmpanies withut us receiving any mney? Anther example: mixed reality, including virtual reality, will becme pervasive in the next few years. As we mve frm headsets t what the IEEE cmmittee describes as “mre delicate sensry enhancements” we will use technlgy t live in an illusry wrld in many aspects f ur lives. Hw d we balance the rights f the individual, cntrl ver ur virtual identity, and the need t live and interact n a face-t-face basis while being empwered t live rich lives in mixed reality?(举两个例子：关于隐私，当我们让更多的监听设备进入我们的家庭时，我们如何防止它们收集的数据通过黑客攻击落入坏人手中，或者仅仅在公司之间出售而我们没有收到任何钱？另一个例子：混合现实，包括虚拟现实，将在未来几年变得普遍。随着我们从耳机转向IEEE委员会所描述的“更精细的感官增强”，我们将在生活的许多方面使用技术生活在一个虚幻的世界中。我们如何平衡个人的权利、对虚拟身份的控制，以及在面对面的基础上生活和互动的需要，同时有权在混合现实中过上丰富的生活？)”以及下文提到的自动驾驶车辆以及机器人吸尘器可能带来的问题推知，作者写作本文的目的是暴露一些高科技的潜在问题。故选A。
题型二 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（23-24高三·山东济南·开学考试）Silk, a kind f light, delicate and sft fabric, has pushed its way thrughut China’s histry. One cannt be certain f its rigin, but the ancient Chinese peple credited their wn wisdm 5 Leizu, the wife f the Yellw Emperr, as the 6 (invent) f sericulture(养蚕业).
Amng the varius styles and materials f silk, Nanjing Yunjin is a fancy fabric ften 7 (use) fr ryal cstumes, representing China’s highest level f silk knitting(编织) technique. Yunjin is best made by hand in a cmplex prcedure, 8 cnsists f mre than a hundred steps. Even the mst skilled craftsmen can nly knit a few centimeters a day. Time, patience 9 skillfulness all play critical rles in its rare beauty. In the Western Han Dynasty, explrer Zhang Qian 10 (pen) up the rutes t the western regins. Silk, 11 (play) a critical rle in the ancient rutes, beautified cuntries in Central Asia and then ther parts f Eurasia and beynd.
In the hands f Chinese artists, the 12 (thin) threads can knit enrmus pssibilities, and the sftest material can pass thrugh thusands f years. As ne f the many 13 (wnder) f ancient China, silk is nt merely a type f fabric. It is a cultural symbl as well as 14 expressin f elegance.
【答案】
5．t 6．inventr 7．used 8．which 9．and 10．pened 11．playing 12．thinnest 13．wnders 14．an
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国丝绸的历史、表现形式、地位和意义。
5．考查介词。句意：人们不能确定它的起源，但古代中国人将自己的智慧归功于黄帝的妻子嫘祖，她是养蚕业的发明者。credit sth. t sb.意为“将……归功于某人”，为固定搭配。故填t。
6．考查名词。句意参考上题。根据空前的the可知，空处应用名词，inventr意为“发明者，发明家”，为可数名词，这里特指嫘祖是养蚕业的发明者，应用名词单数。故填inventr。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：在各种风格和材料的丝绸中，南京云锦是皇室服饰中常用的一种精致面料，代表着中国丝绸编织技术的最高水平。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语a fancy fabric和use之间是动宾关系，所以应用过去分词作后置定语。故填used。
8．考查定语从句。句意：云锦经过复杂程序用最好的手工制作而成，这种程序包括一百多个步骤。分析句子结构，空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，指代先行词a cmplex prcedure，指物，且在从句中作主语，所以应用which。故填which。
9．考查连词。句意：时间、耐心和技巧都在其罕见的美丽中发挥着关键作用。根据句意并分析句子结构，Time, patience和skillfulness之间是并列关系，所以应用and连接。故填and。
10．考查时态。句意：西汉时期，探险家张骞开辟了西域之路。根据时间状语“In the Western Han Dynasty”可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填pened。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：丝绸在古代路线中发挥着关键作用，美化了中亚国家，然后美化了欧亚大陆其他地区和其他地区。分析句子结构，空处应用非谓语动词。逻辑主语Silk和play之间是主谓关系，所以应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填playing。
12．考查形容词的最高级。句意：在中国艺术家的手中，最细的线可以编织出巨大的可能性，最柔软的材料可以穿越数千年。根据空前的the和下文中的“the sftest material”可知，这里表示最高级，意为最细的线，应用thin的最高级形式thinnest。故填thinnest。
13．考查名词的数。句意：作为中国古代众多奇迹之一，丝绸不仅仅是一种织物。wnder意为“奇迹”，为可数名词，其前有many修饰，所以应用名词复数。故填wnders。
14．考查冠词。句意：它是一种文化象征，也是优雅的表现。根据空后的“expressin f elegance”可知，这里泛指一种优雅的表现，且expressin的发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an。故填an。
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。
1.（2024年1月浙江卷阅读理解C篇）
On September 7, 1991, the cstliest hailstrm (花暴) in Canadian histry hit Calgary’s suthern suburbs. As a result, since 1996 a grup f insurance cmpanies have spent abut $2millin per year n the Alberta Hail Suppressin Prject. Airplanes seed threatening strm cells with a chemical t make small ice crystals fall as rain befre they can grw int dangerus hailstnes. But farmers in east-central Alberta — dwnwind f the hail prject flights — wrry that precius misture (水分) is being stlen frm their thirsty land by the clud seeding.
Nrman Stienwand, wh farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings n this issue fr years “Basically, the prvincial gvernment is letting the insurance cmpanies prtect the Calgary-Edmntn urban area frm hail,” Mr. Stienwan d says, “but they’re increasing drught risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail prject is managed by Terry Krauss, a clud physicist wh wrks fr Weather Mdificatin Inc. f Farg, Nrth Dakta. “We affect nly a very small percentage f the ttal misture in the air, s we cannt be cusing drught.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the misture dwnwind by creating wetter grund.”
One dubter abut the safety f clud seeding is Chuck Dswell, a research scientist wh just retired frm the University f Oklahma. “In 1999, I persnally saw significant trnades (龙卷风) frm frm a seeded strm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Dswell says. “Des clud seeding create killer strms r reduce misture dwnwind? N ne really knws, f curse, but the seeding ges n.”
Given the degree f dubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it wuld be wise t stp clud seeding.” In practice, dubt has had the ppsite effect. Due t the lack f scientific prf cncerning their impacts, n ne has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against clud-seeding cmpanies. Hence, private climate engineering can prceed in relative legal safety.
8. What des the prject aim t d?
A. Cnserve misture in the sil.B. Prevent the frmatin f hailstnes.
C. Frecast disastrus hailstrms.D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
9. Wh are ppsed t the prject?
A. Farmers in east-central Alberta.B. Managers f insurance cmpanies.
C. Prvincial gvernment fficials.D. Residents f Calgary and Edmntn
10. Why des Dr. Dswell mentin the trnades he saw in 1999?
A. T cmpare different kinds f seeding methds.
B. T illustrate the develpment f big hailstrms.
C. T indicate a pssible danger f clud seeding.
D. T shw the link between strms and misture.
11. What can we infer frm the last paragraph?
A. Scientific studies have prved Stienwand right.
B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C. The dubt abut clud seeding has disappeared.
D. Clud-seeding cmpanies will cntinue t exist.
【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了1991年9月7日，加拿大历史上损失最大的冰雹袭击了卡尔加里的南郊。因此，自1996年以来，一组保险公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元。飞机在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下。但是，在艾伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“As a result, since 1996 a grup f insurance cmpanies have spent abut $2millin per year n the Alberta Hail Suppressin Prject. Airplanes seed threatening strm cells with a chemical t make small ice crystals fall as rain befre they can grw int dangerus hailstnes.(因此，自1996年以来，一组保险公司每年在艾伯塔省冰雹抑制项目上花费约200万美元。飞机在有威胁的风暴中心中播撒一种化学物质，使小冰晶在变成危险的冰雹之前像雨一样落下)”可知，这个项目的目标是防止冰雹的形成。故选B项。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“But farmers in east-central Alberta — dwnwind f the hail prject flights — wrry that precius misture (水分) is being stlen frm their thirsty land by the clud seeding.(但是，在艾伯塔省中东部的农民们担心，“冰雹计划”飞行的下风处，宝贵的水分正被人工降雨从他们干渴的土地上偷走)”可知，艾伯塔省中东部的农民反对这个项目。故选A项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“One dubter abut the safety f clud seeding is Chuck Dswell, a research scientist wh just retired frm the University f Oklahma. “In 1999, I persnally saw significant trnades (龙卷风) frm frm a seeded strm cell in Kansas,” Dr. Dswell says. “Des clud seeding create killer strms r reduce misture dwnwind? N ne really knws, f curse, but the seeding ges n.”(查克·多斯韦尔是一位刚刚从俄克拉何马大学退休的研究科学家，他对人工降雨的安全性持怀疑态度。“1999年，我在堪萨斯州亲眼目睹了由种子风暴细胞形成的重大龙卷风，”多斯韦尔博士说。“人工降雨会制造致命风暴还是减少顺风处的水分？当然，没有人真正知道，但是播种还在继续。”)”可推知，多斯韦尔博士提到他在1999年看到的龙卷风是为了提示人工降雨可能带来的危险。故选C项。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Given the degree f dubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it wuld be wise t stp clud seeding.” In practice, dubt has had the ppsite effect. Due t the lack f scientific prf cncerning their impacts, n ne has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against clud-seeding cmpanies. Hence, private climate engineering can prceed in relative legal safety.(考虑到质疑的程度，斯廷旺德建议，“停止人工降雨是明智的。”在实践中，怀疑产生了相反的效果。由于缺乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得了对人工降雨公司的诉讼。因此，私人气候工程可以在相对合法的安全条件下进行)”可推知，从最后一段我们能推断出人工降雨公司将继续存在。故选D项。
2.（2023年新高考II卷阅读理解D篇）
As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.
Past research has fund health and wellness benefits f nature fr humans, but a new study shws that wildness in urban areas is extremely imprtant fr human well-being.
The research team fcused n a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. Fr example, ne participant’s experience f “We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while” was assigned the categries “sitting at beach” and “listening t waves.”
Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a “nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. These include encuntering wildlife, walking alng the edge f water, and fllwing an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break.
“We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study.
12. What phenmenn des the authr describe at the beginning f the text?
A. Pcket parks are nw ppular.B. Wild nature is hard t find in cities.
C. Many cities are verppulated.D. Peple enjy living clse t nature.
13. Why did the researchers cde participant submissins int categries?
A. T cmpare different types f park-gers.B. T explain why the park attracts turists.
C. T analyze the main features f the park.D. T find patterns in the visitrs’ summaries.
14. What can we learn frm the example given in paragraph 5?
A. Walking is the best way t gain access t nature.
B. Yung peple are t busy t interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different frms.
D. The nature language enhances wrk perfrmance.
15. What shuld be dne befre we can interact with nature accrding t Kahn?
A. Language study.B. Envirnmental cnservatin.
C. Public educatin.D. Intercultural cmmunicatin.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。城市化让人们越来越难以接触到自然，但一项新研究发现城市中的野生自然对人类健康和幸福感具有重要影响。研究团队对一座大型城市公园的游客进行调查，发现与野生自然的互动可以创造出一种可用的语言，帮助人们认识和参与最令人满意和有意义的活动。该研究呼吁保护城市中的野生自然。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段内容“As cities balln with grwth, access t nature fr peple living in urban areas is becming harder t find. If yu’re lucky, there might be a pcket park near where yu live, but it’s unusual t find places in a city that are relatively wild.(随着城市的飞速发展，生活在城市地区的人们越来越难以接近大自然。如果你幸运的话，你住的地方附近可能会有一个袖珍公园，但在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的)”可知，文章开头作者讲述了一种现象，在城市里，人们很难找到野生的自然。故选B。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“They surveyed several hundred park-gers, asking them t submit a written summary nline f a meaningful interactin they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissins, cding (编码) experiences int different categries. (他们调查了数百名公园游客，要求他们在网上提交一份书面总结，描述他们在公园里与大自然有意义的互动。然后，研究人员检查了这些提交的信息，将体验分为不同的类别)”可知，研究人员按照公园游客提交的在公园里与大自然互动的活动把游客分类，再根据第四段“Acrss the 320 submissins, a pattern f categries the researchers call a “nature language” began t emerge. After the cding f all submissins, half a dzen categries were nted mst ften as imprtant t visitrs. (在这320份提交的作品中，一种被研究人员称为“自然语言”的分类模式开始出现。在对所有提交的内容进行编码后，有六个类别被认为对游客最重要)”可推断，给游客分类是为了区分不同的游客类别。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段内容“Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps peple recgnize and take part in the activities that are mst satisfying and meaningful t them. Fr example, the experience f walking alng the edge f water might be satisfying fr a yung prfessinal n a weekend hike in the park. Back dwntwn during a wrkday, they can enjy a mre dmestic frm f this interactin by walking alng a funtain n their lunch break. (命名每一种自然体验创造了一种可用的语言，这有助于人们认识并参与到对他们来说最满意和最有意义的活动中。例如，沿着水边散步的经历可能会让一个年轻的专业人士在周末去公园徒步旅行时感到满意。在工作日回到市中心，他们可以在午休时沿着喷泉散步，享受一种更居家的互动方式)”可知，本段讲述了自然体验创造一种可用的语言，有助于人们识别并参与对自己来说最满意最有意义的活动，接下来以一个年轻的专业人士参与自然的方式举例说明，去公园时沿着水边散步让他感到满意，回到市中心工作时他可以通过沿着喷泉散步获得满足。因此推知，从第五段的例子中我们可以知道一样的自然体验可以呈现不同的形式。故选C。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““We’re trying t generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactins back int ur daily lives. And fr that t happen, we als need t prtect nature s that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senir authr f the study. (“我们正试图创造一种语言，帮助将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活中。要做到这一点，我们还需要保护自然，这样我们才能与它互动，”该研究的资深作者彼得·卡恩说。)”可推断，彼得·卡恩认为在我们与大自然互动之前我们应该先要保护自然。故选B。
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】形容词后缀的考查
【题型二】副词后缀的考查
【题型三】名词后缀的考查
【题型四】动词后缀的考查
【题型五】前缀的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练