北师大版(2019)高中英语 必修三 unit8 知识清单 教师版 （素材）

这是一份北师大版(2019)高中英语 必修三 unit8 知识清单 教师版 （素材），共19页。
必修第三册 UNIT 8　GREEN LIVING目标导航知识精讲1　 balance n．平衡；天平v.保持平衡；权衡(教材P28)　maintaining the balance between human and nature保持人与自然的平衡I struggled to keep my balance on my new skates.我穿着新溜冰鞋，努力保持平衡。How long can you balance on one leg?你单腿能站多久？[知识拓展](1)keep the balance of nature 保持自然界的平衡a pair of balance 一副天平be out of balance 失去平衡lose/keep one's balance 失去/保持平衡on balance 权衡之后，总的来说(2)balanced adj. 保持平衡的；显示平衡的(3)balance sth. against sth. 权衡；斟酌；比较2　 bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的(教材P30)　Drop a piece of litter and can't be bothered to pick it up.丢了垃圾就懒得捡了。I just can't be bothered to look after the house. 我就是不想费事照看这所房子。I couldn't be bothered to go through the rigmarole of changing clothes.我不想再费事儿换衣服了。[知识拓展](1)be bothered to do　　 费心做某事(2)bother vt. 打扰；烦扰　 n. 麻烦；不便bother sb.with/about sth. 为某事打扰或麻烦某人bother about sth. 为某事烦恼bother to do sth. 特意/特地做某事have much bother (in) doing sth. 做某事有麻烦/费劲3　 harmful adj.有害的；可致伤害的(教材P31)　And all of this would be very harmful.这一切将是非常有害的。Many household products are potentially harmful.很多家用产品有潜在的害处。The new drug has proved to have harmful side effects.这种新药有副作用。[知识拓展](1)be harmful to...　 对……有害(2)harm n. 损害，伤害　 　 vt. 伤害，损害do sb.harm＝do harm to sb. 对某人有害There is no harm in doing sth. 不妨做某事it does no harm to do sth. 不妨做某事4　 be committed to投入；承担；致力于；完全旨在(教材P31)　In addition to her research，she has been whole­heartedly committed to environmental protection.除了自己的科研，她还全身心地投入环保事业。All of us，myself included，have been totally committed to the Party. 我们大家，包括我本人在内，一直都对党绝对忠诚。The government is committed to protecting the interests of tenants.政府承诺保护租户们的利益。[知识拓展]commit vt.　 投入，犯(罪)；做(错事等)； 把……委托于，交付commit sb./oneself to(doing)sth. 承诺某人/自己(做)某事commit sb./oneself to do sth. 承诺某人/自己做某事commit to... 忠于……，全身心地投入……commit a crime 犯罪commit suicide 自杀[名师点津]commit oneself to(doing)sth.表示“专心致志于……”，to是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。5　make a difference 起作用；产生重大影响(教材P31)　Every individual makes a difference.每个人都起重要作用。I believed that I can make a difference in this world.我坚信世界一定会因我而不同。Nothing I say is going to make a difference with you.我说的话对你来说没有什么影响。[知识拓展]make some difference　 有一些影响/关系make no difference 没有影响；无所谓make any difference 有……区别6　involve vt.参与；包含(教材P31)　It is by acting together，in this exciting way，that we can involve thousands—millions—of people，and this is what is going to change the world.正是通过共同行动，以这种令人兴奋的方式，我们才能让成千上万的人参与进来，这将改变世界。The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。There was a serious incident involving a group of youths.有一起涉及一群年轻人的严重事件。[知识拓展]involve doing sth.　　　 包含/需要做某事involve sb.in (doing) sth. (使)参加，加入be/get involved in 参加，参与；专心于be involved with... 与……关系密切7　absent adj.缺席；不在v.缺席(教材P31)　You cannot be absent.你不可能缺席。Love was totally absent from his childhood.他童年时没有得到丝毫关爱。He absented himself from the meeting yesterday.他昨天没有出席会议。[知识拓展](1)be absent from...　　 不参加……；缺席……(2)in the absence of sb.＝in one's absence 某人不在时absence of mind 心不在焉8　 leave...doing...句型(教材P31)Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth...比方说你在刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流……[句式分析]本句是一个复合句，句中while引导时间状语从句；running是现在分词，作leave的宾语补足语。Don't leave her waiting outside in the rain.不要让她一直在外面雨里等。The news left me wondering what would happen next.这个消息使我想知道接着会发生什么事情。[知识拓展]leave sb./sth.doing(sth.)　　 使某人/物正做(某事)leave sth.done 让/使某事被做leave sb./sth.＋n./adj./adv./介词短语 使某人/物成为或止于某种状态9　 “make＋宾语＋宾补”结构(教材P31)Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems，change the world and make it a better place to live in．成百上千的根和芽可以解决问题，改变世界，使之成为一个更适合居住的地方。[句式分析]本句是一个复合句，make it a better place to live in是“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构，此处用名词作宾补；to live in作定语修饰a better place。We made him captain of our football team.我们推选他作我们足球队的队长。If you won't do it willingly，I'll make you do it!你如果不愿意做那件事，我会强迫你去做！[知识拓展]在“make＋宾语＋宾补”结构中除了形容词可以作宾语补足语外，不定式、过去分词、介词短语、名词或名词短语都可以作宾语补足语。10. stand for代表；容忍(教材P34)　What does NPO stand for?NPO代表什么？The party is trying to give the impression that it alone stands for democracy.该党正试图让大家觉得只有它才是民主的代表。I'm not standing for it any longer.这种事我再也不能容忍了。[知识拓展]stand against　　　　 抵抗，反抗，靠在……上，经受住stand back 退后，靠后站stand by 袖手旁观，站在一起，帮助，维持 stand out 突出，出色，显著stand up for sb./sth. 支持、维护某人/某物11. come up with想出；想到(教材P36)　In the 1960s，a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.20世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. 有几位成员提出了自己的建议。He can come up with a convincing explanation.他能说出令人信服的解释。[知识拓展]come up to　　　　　　　 走近come up 发生；被提及(无被动式)come out 出来；出版；开花come across (偶然)遇见；碰到come about 发生come at 扑向come to 达到；总计12.(教材P106)　Ms Yi had a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.易女士一直过着知足的生活，直到一件可怕的事情的发生改变了她的生活。(1)contented adj.满意的；满足的Whenever he returns to this place he is happy and contented.每次回到这个地方，他都十分快乐，心满意足。His face relaxes into a contented smile.他面部肌肉放松下来，露出了满意的微笑。[知识拓展]content n．　　　　　 内容　 vt. 使满意，使满足　 adj. 满意的，满足的be content to do sth.＝be willing/ready to do sth. 乐意做某事；满足于做某事be content with sth.＝be satisfied/pleased with sth.对某事满意/满足content oneself with sth. 满足于……；对……感到满意(2)occur vi.发生，出现；被想到(起)When exactly did the incident occur?这一事件究竟是什么时候发生的？The crash occurred when the crew shut down the wrong engine.机务人员关错了引擎，随即飞机坠毁。[知识拓展](1)sth.occurs to sb.　 某人突然想到某事it occurs/occurred to sb.to do sth. 某人突然想到要做某事it occurs/occurred to sb.that... ……的念头/想法出现在某人的头脑里(2)occurrence 发生的事情；存在的事物[名师点津]表示 “某人想起……”的短语还有： sth. strikes/hits sb., sth. comes to sb.等。13 proposal n．建议，提议(教材P106－107)　The local government agreed with her proposal to plant one million trees in the region over ten years.当地政府同意她的提议，在10年内在该地区种植100万棵树。His proposal that the system should be changed was rejected.他提的关于修改制度的建议被拒绝了。The proposal has not yet passed the discussion stage.这个提案还没有通过讨论阶段。[知识拓展]propose vt.　　　　　 提议，建议；打算；提名propose sth./doing sth. 建议做某事propose to do sth./doing sth. 打算做某事propose sth.to sb. 向某人提议某事/求婚propose that...(should) do sth. 建议(某人)做某事propose sb.for sth./propose sb.as sth. 推荐某人担任14 survival n．继续生存，幸存(教材P107)　Now the trees have a survival rate of 85%.现在这些树的成活率是85%。His only chance of survival was a heart transplant.只有进行心脏移植，他才有望活下去。All living beings are endowed with an instinct for survival.生物都有求生存的本能。[知识拓展](1)survive vi.　　　　　 幸存；生存下来　 vt. 幸免于；从……中生还survive sth. 在……中幸免于难，挺过……survive (from sth.) (从……中)存活下来/留存下来survive(on sth.) (靠……)存活survive as sth. 作为……继续存在survive sb.by...years 比某人多活了……年(2)survivor n. 幸存者15　年代表达法(教材P36)　In the 1960s，a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.20世纪60年代一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。[句式分析]句中的“In the 1960s”表示“在20世纪60年代”。 表示在某个世纪的几十年代，用“in the＋年份(尾数为0)＋s/'s”。有时年份前还可加修饰词early/middle/late，表示在“某世纪某年代的早期/中期/后期”。In the 1980s，American exports crowded out European films.20世纪80年代美国出口影片把欧洲影片挤出了市场。Finally，in the 1940s a significant breakthrough was made.终于，在20世纪40年代，一个重要的突破性的进展产生了。[知识拓展]“in one's＋逢十的基数词的复数”意为“在某人几十岁的时候”。in his teens　　　　　 在他十几岁时in her twenties 在她20多岁时16　not...but...不是……，而是……(教材P37)　The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours.新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是用鲜艳的颜色粉刷的。[句式分析]句中的not...but...表示“不是……，而是……”，连接两个并列的句子成分，当连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词必须与靠近的主语的人称和数保持一致。Reading is fun，not because the writer is telling you something，but because it makes your mind work.读书之所以有趣，不是由于作者告诉了你什么，而是由于书本促使你思考。I did it not because I liked it but because I had to do it.我做这事不是因为我喜欢它，而是因为我必须做。[知识拓展]除了not...but...应用就近原则，常见的用就近原则的词组还有：either...or...；neither...not...；not only...but also...等。语法精讲v．­ing和v.­ed作定语、状语和补足语[观察例句]1．The experience gained will be of great value and importance for all of us.2．The young sitting between my sister and my brother is my cousin Jack.3．Looking out of the window，I saw a woman walking in the street.4．Asked why he was late，he cried.5．We saw them walking across the road.6．I found my hometown almost completely rebuilt.[归纳用法]一、分词和分词短语作定语分词作定语时，如果分词只是一个单词，那么，该分词通常位于其所修饰的名词之前；有时单个的分词用作定语也可以放在所修饰的名词之后，这多半是因为该名词或代词不适合作前置定语，或者为了动作的暂时性。如果是分词短语，那么，该短语就位于其所修饰的名词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。分词作定语时，被分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的逻辑主语。但现在分词与逻辑主语之间是主动关系，所表示的动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；而过去分词则表示被动关系，所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动词之前或同时发生。We didn't reach any agreement on the problem discussed.This is really an exhausting day to all of us!More and more developing countries established strategic partnership with developed countries.He likes to drink cold boiled water.The man sitting in the corner is my brother.(＝The man who is sitting in the corner is my brother.)单句语法填空①We can see the part of the moon (light) by sunlight.②Most of the people (invite) to the party did not come.③The people (work) with me treat me like their friend.④Do you know the teacher (talk) with the students?【答案】1.lighted2.invited3.working4.talking二、分词和分词短语作状语分词作状语表时间、原因、方式和伴随状况。Heated，the metal expands.(＝When it is heated，the metal expands.)Being a teacher，I must work hard.She stood there，waiting for a bus.He came in，followed by a group of students.[名师点津]generally/frankly/strictly speaking，considering，judging by/from，supposing，taking everything into account，concerning，compared to/with等作独立成分，用来解释整句话，当固定短语用。Generally speaking，houses in America are bigger than houses in this country.Judging from your accent，you must be from Scotland.Supposing we lose，what shall we do?They had a heated discussion concerning certain problems.Compared to you，I'm old.Considering his age，he is unfit for the job.单句语法填空① (accompany) by his friend，he went to the railway station.② (give) better attention，the plants could grow better.③We often provide our children with toys，footballs or basketballs， (think) that all children like these things.④ (hear) the news，tears came into his eyes.【答案】1.Accompanied2.Given3.thinking5.Hearing三、分词和分词短语作宾补当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用现在分词(正在进行或一直处于某种状态)；当宾语与作宾补的动词在逻辑上是被动关系时，用过去分词。We saw him talking to her.(正在进行) She kept us waiting here for an hour.(一直处于某种状态) 感官动词feel，listen to，hear，see，look at，watch，notice等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用现在分词；是被动关系时，用过去分词作宾补。I saw him beaten by Tom.(him与beaten是被动关系) We heard them singing downstairs.(them与singing是主动关系)变为被动语态时，除主语和宾语互换位置外，分词不动。 They were seen walking across the road.The children were heard singing songs.[即学即练3]　单句语法填空①They shut the door and left the fire (burn)．②He watched the balloon (blow) away.【答案】1.burning2.blownⅠ.单句语法填空1．Back from his two­year medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother (take) good care of at home.2．Annie Salmon，disabled，is attended throughout her school days by a nurse (appoint) to guard her.3．When I was little，my mother used to sit by my bed， (tell) me stories till I was asleep.4．When we got a call (say)she was short­listed，we thought it was a joke.5．The sports meet (hold) last week is of great importance.6．He raised his voice in order to make himself (hear)．【答案】1.taken2.appointed3.telling4.saying5.heardⅡ.短文语法填空A cook was caught 1. (smoke) red­handed and the owner of the restaurant made him hit on road immediately.With so many staff 2. (look) at him，he felt very embarrassed.His colleagues found it right for him 3. (punish)，because the 4. (light) cigarette ends could cause the whole restaurant to catch fire.The cook begged the owner to give him the last chance.The owner eventually had him apologize and got him 5. (fine)．The cook was allowed to remain.Now，he is seen 6. (mop) the floors hard and I notice many customers 7. (pass) him.He reminded them to mind the sign，8. (read) “NO SMOKING ！” I hear a voice in my heart 9. (say) “respect yourself and you will feel 10. (value)”．【答案】1.smoking2.looking 3.to be punished4.lighted5.fined6.mopping7.passing8.reading9.saying10.valued写作园地调查报告写调查报告要写明调查的原因、调查过程、调查结果以及你得出的结论。[基本框架]1．开头(beginning)——调查的原因2．主体(body)——过程和结果3．结尾(ending)——你的观点[常用词块]1．attach great importance to重视；强调2．be engaged in忙于……3．cater one's need满足某人的需要4．count on依靠；依赖5．be abundant in 富有……6．be desperate for渴望得到……[常用语句]★精彩开头1．I have recently made a survey among 300 boys and 300 girls in my school about their purposes of surfing the Internet.最近我对我校的300名男生和300名女生进行了调查，看他们上网做什么。2．Last week，we did/conducted/carried out a survey among all the students in our school on the time they spent in sleeping every day.上周，我们就每天的睡眠时间对全校学生进行了调查。3．Recently，in our school we made a survey which shows that more and more students have become near­sighted.近期，我们学校做的一项调查表明越来越多的学生变得近视。★正文佳句1．From the above table，we can conclude (that) over 20% of the teenagers are addicted to smoking.根据上表，我们可以得出如下结论：超过20%的青少年吸烟上了瘾。2．As is shown in the above table，Senior Three students spend the least time in sleeping.如上表所示，高三学生睡眠时间最少。3．As can be seen from the table above，more than 70% of the students have formed a very good habit of studying.从上表可以看出，70%以上的学生已经形成了良好的学习习惯。★余味结尾1．As far as I am concerned，effective measures should be instantly taken to help students to spend more time on sleep.在我看来，应该立即采取有效措施来帮助学生获得更多的休息时间。2．From my own perspective，we should take action to help students to make good use of their study time.在我看来，我们应当采取措施帮助学生好好利用学习时间。3．In a word，people are now having a more convenient life.总之，现在人们正过着更加便利的生活。例题下面图表是对我省某校高三学生选择高考志愿时所考虑因素的调查结果。请根据图表，用英语写一篇简要的报告，并说说你自己的观点。注意：1.词数80左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3.文章的开头已写好，不计入总词数。Some senior middle school graduates have different opinions on how to choose their majors and universities. Some senior middle school graduates have different opinions on how to choose their majors and universities.About 35% of the students insist that the choice should be based on their own interest.They say interest is the way leading to success.About 45% of the students, consider it is the need of the society that matters a lot.Interestingly, there are about 20% of the students who find it difficult to make a choice.In my opinion, interest is the most important of all.Without interest you can't study the subject very well and may have more difficulties with your career.练习假设你是李华，你在9月6日给当地环保局写了一份报告，报告你们家乡的北湖(North Lake)的现状，内容包括：1．北湖曾经是旅游景点，水清鱼多；2．现在由于工农业污染和当地渔民的过度捕捞，湖水受到污染，鱼类资源几近枯竭；3．你的建议……注意：1.介绍上述所有内容，并适当发挥；2.词数80左右。参考词汇：环保局The Bureau of Environmental Protection 【参考范文】To：The Bureau of Environmental ProtectionFrom：Li HuaDate：6th SeptemberSubject：The Situation of North LakeNorth Lake used to be a place of interest，whose water was very clear，and there were various fish in it.Every year many visitors come to North Lake.But now the situation is becoming worse.Due to the industrial and agricultural waste，the water has been polluted.The fish are becoming fewer and fewer because of the pollution and over­fishing.In conclusion，a certain department needs to do something to handle the problem，or the fish in it will altogether disappear.I think it should improve the local people's awareness of environmental protection.分层提分题组A 基础过关练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Though he was rooted his past，he wasn’t stuck there.2.With the help of his uncle，Peter set a company of his own.3. sum up，only when they take advantage of their free time to play sports can they keep fit and achieve their goals.4.With no rain for over a year，the city is suffering unusually hot weather.5.I (firm) believe that we must act at once to put an end to the conflict.6.One of her cousins was (shoot) dead only a few streets away from where she lived.7.Sometimes，I act as a listening ear for students to talk over what (bother) them.8.After many years of hard work, she made (one’s) dream come true.9.People who work in offices are usually referred to “white collar workers”.10.Our new office is located within the centre of the town，and the location is (convenience) for me.【答案】1.in 2.up 3.To 4.from 5.firmly6.shot7.is bothering8.her9.as 10.convenient Ⅱ.选词填空all around the world，take action, work through, come up with，cut back on, do one’s part for，plenty of，soon after1.She couldn’t a solution to the problem, so she turned to me for help.2.Every year, millions of people visit the Great Wall.3.You’d better your anger after being interrupted by others.4.Fortunately，the fire was discovered it had started.5.If we don’t sell more，we’ll have to production.6.Every year, people go to see the sights of Beijing.7.I have been my study all these days.8.The United Nations calls on all the nations to immediately.【答案】1.come up with2. all around the world 3.work through4.soon after5.cut back on6. plenty of7.doing my part for8.take action题组B 能力提升练语法填空As the effects of global warming，rising sea levels and natural disasters become more serious 1.____________ before，and some local communities are taking action.Among them is one community in Florida 2.____________ local people and government officials are proving successful in protecting 3.____________(coast) cities from the dangers of rising sea levels.The community has studied how much sea levels will rise and has suggested 4.____________(way) to address the problem.It has persuaded the state government 5.____________(ban) new developments on land near the coastline and recommended building sand dunes(沙丘) along beaches.Kristin Jacobs，one of the group’s founders，decided to take action in 2008 after it became 6.____________(gradual) clear that her state’s 27 water authorities couldn’t agree on joint(联合的) action.While some Florida government officials doubt whether the climate will become hotter or 7.____________(cold)，the people 8.____________(live) in these locations are certain of the need to protect their communities.At present，coming up with ways to fight against the effects of climate change under a limited budget 9.____________(be) a pressing concern.Only time will tell whether these coastal communities will succeed in 10.____________ end.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。主要讲述了美国佛罗里达州为应对海平面上升而做出的努力。1.than　考查介词。由该句中的“more”可知，此处表示比较的含义，故填介词than。2.where　考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词one community in Florida，引导词在从句中作地点状语，故用where来引导该定语从句。3.coastal　考查形容词。修饰名词应用形容词，故用形容词coastal修饰名词cities，作定语。4.ways　考查名词。way是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，应用其复数形式，故填ways。5.to ban　考查非谓语动词。persuade sb to do sth“劝说某人做某事”为固定用法，故用不定式作宾语补足语。6.gradually　考查副词。修饰动词应用副词，故用副词gradually修饰其前的动词became，在句中作状语。7.colder　考查比较级。根据语境中的“or”可知，此处与“hotter”相对应，应用形容词比较级，故填colder。8.living　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子主语the people和动词live构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语。9.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据该句中的时间状语“At present”可知，此处应用一般现在时；又因为该句的主语为动名词短语coming up with ways，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is。10.the　考查冠词。in the end意为“最终”，为固定搭配，故填定冠词the。题组C 培优拔尖练阅读理解Most of us have been in this situation：You’re on your way to your friend’s house，then you suddenly ask yourself，“Did I remember to turn the lights off？”For those with smart homes，however，this wouldn’t be a problem.Over the last few years，smart home technology has become more popular.Thanks to user-friendly products like intelligent lighting and heating controllers，people can control nearly every electrical item in their homes from anywhere in the world.While smart homes aren’t new，companies like Philips and Xiaomi have finally brought automation to everyday people with affordable products like artificial intelligence(AI) speakers and sensors.“The obvious message is that you can stop wasting energy，”Tom Kerber，director of research for U.S.-based digital company Parks Associates，told The Guardian.And the technology also has more meaningful uses.In Norway，for example，one company is using smart technology to make life easier for its elderly customers.Abilia’s system allows carers to check up on patients through a tablet on a wall inside their home.The device sends patients reminders about tasks，such as when they need to take medications(药).It can even tell carers if there’s any unusual activity in the home that could be life-threatening.“This kind of system allows people to take care of themselves，which is the most important thing，”Abilia’s vice president，Oystein Johnsen，told the BBC.“It also saves the government money.In Norway，it costs 1 million kroner(about 0.8 million yuan) per year to have someone in a care home.This system costs 15，000 kroner a year.”So，for those who have already “gone smart”，will it ever be possible to go back to do things in the old-fashioned way？“I think it would be difficult.When we go to a friend’s house or on vacation we find ourselves expecting the house to do things for us that we should do，”Poulson，a senior program manager from Seattle，U.S.，explained.【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。主要介绍了智能家居的优点：不但能节约电能，还方便人们照顾病人。1.What are the first and second paragraphs used for?A.Introducing the topic.B.Describing the situation.C.Advertising smart homes.D.Putting forward the author’s opinion.答案　A　推理判断题。通读第一段可知，该段介绍了一种情况，即拥有智能家居的人在外时可以控制家里电灯的开关；接着第二段第一句“Over the last few years，smart home technology has become more popular.”提出本文主题。据此可推知，本文前两段旨在引出本文主题，故A项正确。2.What do Philips and Xiaomi have in common?A.They are all designing smart homes.B.They are all U.S.-based digital companies.C.They’ve all made inexpensive AI products for ordinary people.D.They’ve all received affordable products automatically.答案　C　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，飞利浦和小米等公司研制出了普通人能买得起的自动化产品，如人工智能扬声器和传感器等。据此可知，这两家公司都生产出了对普通人来说价格不贵的人工智能产品，故C项正确。3.What does Abilia’s system allow users to do in Norway?A.To switch off lights through a tablet.B.To buy user-friendly products.C.To control heating and cooling systems.D.To take care of themselves.答案　D　细节理解题。根据第四段的内容以及第五段中的“This kind of system allows people to take care of themselves”可知，阿比利亚系统可以让用户照顾好自己，故D项正确。4.What’s Poulson’s attitude to smart home technology?A.Cautious. B.Favorable.C.Indifferent. D.Disapproving.答案　B　推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是Poulson说的话“I think it would...things for us that we should do”可知，Poulson认为已经使用智能家居的人很难再适应老式产品，因为人们已经习惯了智能家居产品为人们提供的服务；据此可推知，Poulson对智能家居技术持支持的态度，故B项正确。重点词汇1.root n.树根2.shoot n. 芽，苗；嫩枝vt. 射中；射击3.bothered adj. 担心的；烦恼的4.institute n. 机构；研究院5.brick n. 砖，砖块6.gallon n. 加仑7.chimpanzee n. 黑猩猩8.wag vi.& vt. (狗)摇(尾巴)9.just-me-ism n. 以自我为中心10.living n.　生活方式11.ocean n. 海洋，大海12.smog n. 雾霾13.desert n. 沙漠14.industrial adj. 工业的15.extinction n. 灭绝16.recycle v. 再利用，回收利用18.carbon n. 碳19.view n. 风景；美景；意见20.profit n. 盈利，利润21.organiser n. 组织者，安排者22.agriculture n. 农业23.survival n. 继续生存，幸存24.electricity n. 电25.transport n. 交通运输系统，运输方式26.battery n. 电池27.parking n.　(车辆等的)停放28.therefore adv. 因此；由此29.path n. 小径，小道 30.pedal vi.& vt. 骑n. 踏板词汇拓展1.bother vi.& vt.费心；麻烦；烦扰→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的2.firm adj.坚实的；稳固的→firmly adv.坚定地；牢牢地3.found vt.建立；创立；创办→founder n.创立者→foundation n.基础；地基4.involve vt.参与；包含→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n.参与5.disappear vi.消失，不见→disappearance n.消失，不见→appear v.出现→appearance n.出现6.tracking n.跟踪→track v.跟踪 n.踪迹重点词组1.suffer from 遭受；患……病；受……之苦2.be known as 以……著称3.not be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事4.so what 那又怎样5.take action 采取行动6.in addition to 除……之外7.be committed to 致力于；委身于8.all around the world 全世界9.make a difference 有影响，有关系10.be rooted in 植根于11.be referred to as 被称为……12.air pollution 空气污染13.live a green life 过绿色环保的生活14.live in harmony with nature 与大自然和谐共生15.come up with　想出，想到16.plenty of 充裕的17.soon after 不久之后18.thanks to 多亏19.be convenient for 对……方便20.provide for 供养；为……做准备21.be known as 以……著称22.become popular with 受到……欢迎23.in the 1960s 在20世纪60年代