重庆市2023_2024学年高二英语上学期10月阶段性检测试题含解析

这是一份重庆市2023_2024学年高二英语上学期10月阶段性检测试题含解析，共29页。试卷主要包含了 考试结束后，将答题卡交回等内容，欢迎下载使用。
(满分：150 分;考试时间：120 分钟)
注意事项：
1. 答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、班级、考场/座位号、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 答选择题时，必须使用 2B 铅笔填涂;答非选择题时，必须使用 0.5 毫米的黑色签字笔书写;必须在题号对应的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写无效保持答卷清洁、完整。
3. 考试结束后，将答题卡交回(试题卷学生保存，以备评讲)。
第一部分听力(共两节，满分 30 分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the wman d tnight?
A. Reschedule the meeting.B. Jin a sprts club.C. See a dctr.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m srry James, I can’t make the sprts club meeting tnight.
M: That’s kay. Is everything alright?
W: Yeah, I just have an appintment at the clinic right in the middle f the meeting time.
M: N prblem. We can’t reschedule it but I hpe t see yu next week!
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Hw des the wman feel abut her interview at first?
A. Wrried.B. Excited.C. Cnfident.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m s nervus abut this jb interview tmrrw. D yu think I’ll be kay?
M: Yu’ll d great. Yu are the smartest and mst capable persn I knw!
W: Thanks, I appreciate yur kind wrds. I’m sure I’ll be excited in n time!
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where des the cnversatin take place?
A. In a restaurant.B. At hme.C. In a htel.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’ve been tld yu might have a spare rm.
W: Yes, I’ve gt a spare single.
M: What are yur terms?
W: £37 fr bed and breakfast.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Why des the man need the car?
A. T g t wrk.B. T deliver items fr a party.C. T take his uncle t the hspital.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: Mum said I culd brrw the car fr a few hurs. Is that kay? I need t pick up sme supplies fr Aunty Jane’s party.
W: Sure, but I need it fr wrk later and t take Uncle Le t the hspital. D yu need it fr lng?
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What des the wman want t d?
A. Stre sme water.B. Buy sme cntainers.C. Fix a pipe.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: Tm, grab sme cntainers! The water in ur building is ging t be shut ff in an hur! Fr maybe 3 days!
M: What? What happened?
W: It’s fr repairs. An imprtant pipe brke. We need t fill up every cntainer we have with water.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What d we knw abut the wman?
A. She likes cmedy.
B. She needs t prepare a present.
C. She will have a prject t wrk n.
7. What ticket des the wman decide t bk?
A. A musical play.B. A cmedy shw.C. A rck cncert.
【答案】6. B7. C
【解析】
【原文】M: Did yu see these hliday deals, Wendy?
W: Nt really Eric, I’ve had a prject at wrk. I’ve been meaning t have a lk fr my sister’s birthday. I thught abut getting her and her husband sme tickets t a lcal theater shw. I’m nt sure what’s n t be hnest. Is there sme cmedy r a musical?
M: I’m nt sure abut cmedy but I heard that the rck cncerts are amazing!
W: I lve rck music. It gets cheaper the mre yu buy.
M: A grup ticket, we can all g!
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. What are the speakers mainly talking abut?
A. Renting a cach.B. Bking a htel.C. Rescheduling a cnference.
9. Why is the man wrried?
A. They might g ver budget.
B. The htel rms are nt big enugh.
C. They have t get up early every day.
【答案】8. B9. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Carl, I tried t bk the rms fr the whle team fr the cnference, but all the htels in twn are full.
W: Well, I knw a bigger htel abut 20 miles utside the city. Let me check nline first. I’m sure they’ll have enugh rms available fr the team.
M: Hmm. 20 miles? We’ll have t rent a cach each day s we may end up ging ver ur travel budget.
W: Actually, I think we’ll be fine. Htels lcated utside the city tend t be less expensive. The mney we’ll be saving n rms can be used t rent a cach. But we have t get up earlier every day.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. What can we learn abut Jhn?
A. He has changed a lt.
B. He lks like his father.
C. He is lking fr a place t live.
11. What des Jhn wrk fr?
A. An verseas firm.
B. His family business.
C. An exprting cmpany.
12. What is Jhn’s pinin n his life nw?
A. Enjyable.B. Difficult.C. Exciting.
【答案】10. B11. B12. A
【解析】
【原文】M: Is this yur sn? I haven’t seen him fr a lng time.
W: Yes, that pht was taken a few mnths ag.
M: Jhn hasn’t changed a bit. He’s the same in appearance as his father, isn’t he?
W: Yes, he is.
M: What’s he ding at the present time?
W: He’s dne the same as his father did and wrks in the family imprting business. He’s living verseas at the mment.
M: Oh really? Hw des he like it?
W: It was difficult fr him at first because he had t start frm the beginning withut help, yu knw, finding smewhere t live and making new friends. He’s settled dwn nw thugh and he lves it.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. Why is the event rganized?
A. T make mney.
B. T encurage reading.
C. T give away bks t the schl.
14. Wh is the rganizer f the event?
A. The schl.B. The wman.C. The lcal bkstres.
15. Hw will the man help?
A. By cllecting bks.
B. By leading a bake sale.
C. By making a list f places.
16. Where will the event be held?
A. At a gym.
B. At a library.
C. At a bkstre.
【答案】13. C14. B15. A16. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hey, I’m rganizing a bk drive. I’m cllecting dnatins frm all ver the city.
M: What’s it fr?
W: The schl has a limited budget fr bks, s I want t help them expand their library. I remember hw limited ur selectin was when I was there. I want t give the new students mre pprtunities learning and explring new subjects. The drive will dnate all the bks t the schl.
M: That’s great. Can I help?
W: That wuld be great. Can yu help me cntact lcal bkstres, libraries, and individuals t ask fr dnatins?
M: Abslutely!
W: Thanks. I’ve made a list f places. We’re als ding a bake sale n the day t.
M: I can help with that. I can set up the tables and prices. Where are we ding it?
W: The schl’s gym. It’s big enugh t hld the bks and tables, and it’s easy fr the cmmunity t access. We can put the bk drp-ff statin near the entrance and have the bake sale area twards the back f the gym.
M: Great.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What is the museum trying t d?
A. Attract mre visitrs.
B. Intrduce sme artwrks.
C. Increase peple’s appreciatin f art.
18. What prgram is available fr children?
A. Classes explring art.B. Guest lectures.C. Wrkshps.
19. Hw can visitrs learn abut art mvements and trends?
A. Frm the staff.B. Frm the library.C. Frm the classes.
20. Hw many days is the museum pen each week?
A. Six days.B. Five days.C. Fur days.
【答案】17. C18. C19. B20. A
【解析】
【原文】 W: Welcme t the Museum f Mdern Art. Our museum huses ne f the mst impressive cllectins f mdern and cntemprary art in the wrld. Our missin is t inspire creativity and prmte understanding and enjyment f the art f ur times.
Our cllectin includes paintings, sculptures, phtgraphy, and vide exhibits frm arund the wrld. We have classic wrks by famus artists such as Pabl Picass, Frida Kahl, and Andy Warhl, as well as emerging artists wh are part f the latest art mvements.
We ffer a variety f prgrams and events. Our family prgrams are designed t engage children in meaningful art experiences including turs, talks, and wrkshps. Our adult prgrams include classes that explre art and its impact n sciety; additinally, guest lecturers and discussins when available. These prgrams are led by ur knwledgeable staff and prvide insights int the creative prcess and techniques behind the wrks f art.
We als have a library with bks, jurnals, and ther resurces n mdern and cntemprary art, available t the public fr research and study. Visitrs can use the library t learn abut the artists and their wrks r t deepen their understanding f art mvements and trends.
Our museum is pen every day except Tuesdays, and we ffer free admissin t all visitrs n Wednesday daytimes and Fridays frm 5 p.m.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分 50 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Nashville TN Histrical Turs
General Jacksn Shwbat Lunch & Dinner Cruises
A General Jacksn Shwbat Lunch r Dinner Cruise prvides an amazing adventure t thse visiting Nashville, TN. This famus paddle wheel riverbat takes guests via the Cumberland River t view the Nashville skyline t enjy a relaxing cruise(乘船游览), live stage shw, and delicius dinner.
The General Jacksn dinner cruise lasts apprximately 2. 5 hurs, which is apprpriate fr all ages. The cruise price includes a meal and nn-alchlic beverage. Handicap can be accessible. Bth Cameras and Vide Cameras are permitted.
Hatch Shw Print Tur
On this great guided tur, yu’ll learn abut the histry f Hatch. The tur lasts abut 45 minutes. It’s suitable fr all ages. N beverage will be ffered, s yu need t take yur wn handicap. Hatch created pster prints fr circuses. Cameras are nt allwed. It is a truly immersive(沉浸式的)experience that cmbines hands-n fun with the interesting and clrful Hatch Shw.
Civil War Tur: The Battle f Franklin Bus Tur
Frm visiting the battle f Franklin t the Carter Huse and Carntn Plantatin, the Civil War histrical tur ffers an in-depth lk int bth the American Civil War and the prevailing culture f the Tennessee area during the mid-19th century. The tur lasts apprximately 7 hurs. This tur is als apprpriate fr all ages. Handicap and cameras are permitted.
The Redneck Cmedy Bus Tur
If yu are lking fr a trip that shws yu all f Nashville’s mst famus and histric sites withut being a bre, the Redneck is fr yu. Mrning turs are 2 hurs. Afternn turs are 90 minutes. The Christmas adventure in the evening lasts apprximately 2 hurs. All ages are apprpriate. Handicap and cameras are permitted.
21. Which tur has the lngest travel time?
A. Hatch Shw Print Tur.
B. The Redneck Cmedy Bus Tur.
C. Civil War Tur: The Battle f Franklin Bus Tur.
D. General Jacksn Shwbat Lunch Dinner Cruises.
22. What d the fur turs have in cmmn?
A. All f them ffer beverage,B. Cameras and handicap are permitted.
C. Apprpriate fr all ages.D. They all ffer n meals.
23. Where des this passage mst likely cme frm?
A. A travel brchure,B. A textbk.
C. A reprt.D. A magazine.
【答案】21. C22. C23. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了美国田纳西州纳什维尔的四个旅游景点。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据General Jacksn Shwbat Lunch & Dinner Cruises中的“The General Jacksn dinner cruise lasts apprximately 2. 5 hurs”（杰克逊将军晚餐游船大约持续2.5小时）；根据Hatch Shw Print Tur中的“The tur lasts abut 45 minutes.”（参观时间持续45分钟）；根据Civil War Tur: The Battle f Franklin Bus Tur“The tur lasts apprximately 7 hurs.”（游览时间持续约为7小时）根据The Redneck Cmedy Bus Tur中的“Mrning turs are 2 hurs. Afternn turs are 90 minutes. The Christmas adventure in the evening lasts apprximately 2 hurs.”（上午的游览时间为2小时。下午的游览时间为90分钟。晚上的圣诞冒险持续大约2个小时。）可知，Civil War Tur: The Battle f Franklin Bus Tur.持续时间最长。故选C项。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据General Jacksn Shwbat Lunch & Dinner Cruises中的“The General Jacksn dinner cruise lasts apprximately 2. 5 hurs, which is apprpriate fr all ages.”（杰克逊将军晚餐游船大约持续2.5小时，适合所有年龄段。）；根据Hatch Shw Print Tur中的“It’s suitable fr all ages.”（它适合所有年龄的人）；根据Civil War Tur: The Battle f Franklin Bus Tur中的“This tur is als apprpriate fr all ages.”（这个旅行也适合所有年龄的人）；根据The Redneck Cmedy Bus Tur中的“All ages are apprpriate.”（适合所有年龄的人）可知，四个景点的共同点是适合所有年龄段的人。故选C项。
23题详解】
推理判断题。短文介绍了美国田纳西州纳什维尔的四个旅游景点。所以短文来自旅游手册。故选A项。
B
Ed Jacksn’s team were trying t climb t the tp f a Himalayan Muntain. Hwever, weeks after they set ff, they were stranded (滞留) there vernight withut water, fd r tents at a temperature f abut -30℃. They tk turns t keep each ther awake in case they fell asleep and did nt wake up again.
Actually, that night n the muntain tp was nt the first time that Jacksn had been clse t death. Five years ag, while still a prfessinal rugby player, Jacksn brke his neck in a challenge, which nearly killed him. Jacksn was tld by dctrs that he was likely t face life in a wheelchair. He was frced t retire frm playing rugby.
Luckily, Jacksn managed t discard his wheelchair six mnths after the accident. T mark the first anniversary f his accident, Jacksn set himself the gal f climbing Munt Snwdn, the highest muntain in Wales, even thugh he was still using tw crutches (拐杖) then. He tried t climb many higher muntains after that. Fur years later, he fund himself in the Himalayas.
The challenges that Jacksn faced in the muntains have had a great impact n his recvery bth physically and mentally. Jacksn realized that thers might benefit, t. S he started the charity Millimeters t Muntains (M2M) with his wife Lis and his friend Oily Barkley. It takes beneficiaries (受益人) wh have suffered physical r psychlgical injuries in challenges arund the wrld, allwing them t access the healing pwer f nature.
Jacksn says, “I nce lst hpe in life because f my bad cnditin, thinking there was nthing I culd d. But hpefully what I’m ding, what we’re ding with the charity and what ur beneficiaries are prving can give anyne the hpe that they can turn their life arund, n matter hw discuraging it might seem at that mment.”
24. What d the first tw paragraphs mainly talk abut?
A. Jacksn was tired f ball games.
B. Jacksn was n stranger t suffering in life.
C. Jacksn was well respected fr his survival skills.
D. Jacksn was advised t d exercise by his dctrs.
25. What des the underlined wrd “discard” prbably mean in the third paragraph?
A. Give up.B. Rely n.C. Tear apart.D. Carry thrugh.
26. Why did Jacksn start M2M?
A. T educate sprts lvers.B. T raise mney fr the disabled.
C. T encurage safe muntain climbing.D. T help peple with similar experiences.
27. What kind f persn is Jacksn prbably?
A. Enthusiastic and independent.B. Creative and aggressive.
C. Adventurus and inspiring.D. Respnsible and humrus.
【答案】24. B25. A26. D27. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了Ed Jacksn，一个勇于冒险的人，他在冒险中面临的挑战对他的身体和精神恢复都产生了巨大的影响，并且创办了慈善组织M2M，帮助有类似经历的人。
【24题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Ed Jacksn’s team were trying t climb t the tp f a Himalayan Muntain. Hwever, weeks after they set ff, they were stranded (滞留) there vernight withut water, fd r tents at a temperature f abut -30℃. (Ed Jacksn的团队正试图爬上喜马拉雅山的山顶。然而，在出发几周后，他们被困在那里过夜，没有水，没有食物，也没有帐篷，气温约为零下30℃。) ”和第二段中“Actually, that night n the muntain tp was nt the first time that Jacksn had been clse t death. (实际上，在山顶的那个晚上并不是Jacksn第一次与死神擦肩而过。)”可知，前两段主要讲述Jacksn经历的磨难，即Jacksn对生活中的苦难并不陌生。故选B。
【25题详解】
词义猜测题。画线词前所在的下一句“T mark the first anniversary f his accident, Jacksn set himself the gal f climbing Munt Snwdn, the highest muntain in Wales, even thugh he was still using tw crutches (拐杖) then. (为了纪念他的事故一周年，Jacksn给自己定下了攀登威尔士最高的山峰斯诺登山的目标，尽管当时他还拄着两根拐杖。)可知，Jacksn不需再使用轮椅了，故划线词所在句意思是“幸运的是，Jacksn在事故发生六个月后设法丢弃了他的轮椅。”所以划线词discard意为“抛弃”，与动词短语give up同义，故选A。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The challenges that Jacksn faced in the muntains have had a great impact n his recvery bth physically and mentally. Jacksn realized that thers might benefit, t. S he started the charity Millimeters t Muntains (M2M) with his wife Lis and his friend Oily Barkley. It takes beneficiaries (受益人) wh have suffered physical r psychlgical injuries in challenges arund the wrld, allwing them t access the healing pwer f nature.”(Jacksn在山上面临的挑战对他的身体和精神的恢复都产生了很大的影响。Jacksn意识到其他人也可能从中受益。因此，他与妻子Lis和朋友Oily Barkley一起创办了慈善机构M2M。它让那些在世界各地的挑战中遭受身体或心理伤害的人成为受益者，让他们获得自然的治愈力量。)”可知，Jacksn创办M2M是为了帮助有类似经历的人。故选D。
【27题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Ed Jacksn’s team were trying t climb t the tp f a Himalayan Muntain. (Ed Jacksn的团队正试图爬上喜马拉雅山的山顶)”，第三段中的“T mark the first anniversary f his accident, Jacksn set himself the gal f climbing Munt Snwdn, the highest muntain in Wales, even thugh he was still using tw crutches (拐杖) then. (为了纪念他的事故一周年，Jacksn给自己定下了攀登威尔士最高的山峰斯诺登山的目标，尽管当时他还拄着两根拐杖。)以及最后一段中“Jacksn says, “I nce lst hpe in life because f my bad cnditin, thinking there was nthing I culd d. But hpefully what I’m ding, what we’re ding with the charity and what ur beneficiaries are prving can give anyne the hpe that they can turn their life arund, n matter hw discuraging it might seem at that mment.”(杰克逊说：“我曾经因为身体状况不好而对生活失去希望，觉得自己无能为力。但希望我所做的，我们与慈善机构所做的，以及我们的受益者所证明的，可以给任何人带来希望，让他们能够改变自己的生活，不管那一刻看起来多么令人沮丧。”)”可知，Ed Jacksn是一个勇于冒险且鼓舞人心的人。故选C。
C
Mst peple find sugar hard t resist. Our brains need lts f energy and sugary fds prvide plenty f it. But when calries are t readily available, it is easy t verd it. There has been n shrtage f research n sugar replacements withut the calries, but evidence frm animal and human studies has linked sme t weight gain. One prmising alternative is fund in the fruit f Synsepalum dulcificum (奇迹果), a plant native t West Africa. These s-called miracle berries dn’t taste sugary themselves, but if yu try smething sur afterwards it will taste unusually sweet.
In Benin, the fruit is eaten fresh and is mstly used as a sweetener t have with sur fds and drinks, says Dedeu frm a university in Benin. The berry with miraculin(奇迹果蛋白)is very appreciated by lcal cnsumers, especially the kids and peple with diabetes (糖尿病).
Despite the miracle berry’s prmise as a sugar replacement, it is nly prduced n a limited scale and isn’t available wrldwide. The berries dn’t travel well and the plant is slw t grw.
T create an alternative surce f miraculin, researchers at the University f Tsukuba in Japan have genetically engineered tmates t prduce the prtein, but this isn’t necessary, says Tchkpnhue whse team is wrking t help enlarge the prductin f miracle berries in West Africa. Earlier this year, a team at Hainan University in China published the genme(基因图谱)f Synsepalum dulcificum, which may help.
Spanish start-up Baia Fd has plans t prmte sustainable grwth f the plant in Ghana and market the dried berries. Yu can rder tablets f freeze-dried miracle berries nline but they are pricey, csting arund £18 fr a pack f 10. If yu can affrd it, the berry’s taste-twisting pwer is fun t try at hme. Let the tablet melt n yur tngue, then try tasting acidic fds such as lemns. The effect shuld last between 15 and 60 minutes.
28. What d we knw abut Synsepalum dulcificum?
A. It cntains high calries.
B. It is related t weight gain.
C. It tastes unusually sweet.
D. It serves as a sugar replacement
29. What is paragraph 4 mainly abut?
A. Effrts made t btain mre miraculin.
B. Genme published t help d the research
C. Creatin advcated t prduce miracle berries.
D. Transfrmatins perfrmed t engineer tmates
30. What can we say abut tablets f freeze-dried miracle berries?
A. They are sur.B. They are inexpensive
C. They are accessibleD. They are prductive.
31. What is the authr’s attitude t getting the sugar alternative?
A. Dubtful.B. Optimistic.C. Defensive.D. Cnservative.
【答案】28. D29. A30. C31. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，原产于西非的奇迹果有望成为糖的替代品。本文还介绍了一些国家为创造奇迹果蛋白的替代来源而做出的努力。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“These s-called miracle berries dn’t taste sugary themselves, but if yu try smething sur afterwards it will taste unusually sweet. (这些所谓的奇迹浆果本身尝起来并不含糖，但如果你事后尝试一些酸的东西，它的味道会异常甜。)”以及第三段“Despite the miracle berry’s prmise as a sugar replacement, it is nly prduced n a limited scale and isn’t available wrldwide. (尽管奇迹果有望成为糖的替代品，但它的生产规模有限，而且不在全球范围内销售。)”可知，奇迹果可以替代糖。故选D。
【29题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段“T create an alternative surce f miraculin, researchers at the University f Tsukuba in Japan have genetically engineered tmates t prduce the prtein, but this isn’t necessary…Earlier this year, a team at Hainan University in China published the genme(基因图谱)f Synsepalum dulcificum, which may help. (为了创造奇迹果蛋白的替代来源，日本Tsukuba大学的研究人员对西红柿进行了基因工程改造，以生产这种蛋白质，但这不是必要的……今年早些时候，中国海南大学的一个团队发表了硬骨合瓣的基因组，这可能会有所帮助。)”可知，第4段的主要介绍了为获得更多奇迹蛋白所做的努力。故选A。
【30题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“Yu can rder tablets f freeze-dried miracle berries nline but they are pricey, csting arund £18 fr a pack f 10. (你可以在网上订购冷冻干燥的奇迹果片，但价格昂贵，每包10片售价约18英镑。)”可知，干的奇迹果片是可以买到的。故选C。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Earlier this year, a team at Hainan University in China published the genme(基因图谱)f Synsepalum dulcificum, which may help. (今年早些时候，中国海南大学的一个团队发表了硬骨合瓣的基因组，这可能会有所帮助。)”以及最后一段“Spanish start-up Baia Fd has plans t prmte sustainable grwth f the plant in Ghana and market the dried berries. (西班牙初创企业Baia Fd计划在加纳促进该工厂的可持续发展，并销售干浆果。)”可知，作者对获得替代糖持乐观态度。故选B。
D
The fur-day wrkweek’s mment has arrived. With a new prpsal f legislatin (立法) in America t reduce the standard wrkweek frm 40 t 32 hurs awareness f a shrter wrkweek — and enthusiasm fr it — is gaining. And s is the dubt arund it.
Initial dubt is reasnable since American wrk culture has been funded n cnstant wrking and expectatins fr verachievement. Hwever, if there were ever a time fr transfrming thinking, this is it. The challenges ver the past years have strengthened ur muscles f adaptatin. And the new practice f wrking frm hme prved that we can adjust quickly t changing cnditins.
Fur-day wrkweek pilts (试点) are emerging acrss the glbe, with sme cmpanies nw deciding t adpt the plicy permanently. Micrsft Japan and Kickstarter represent just the grwing number f rganizatins explring the fur-day wrkweek.
Supprters cite many benefits, including imprved physical and mental health, increased gender equity and psitive envirnmental impacts. It is easy t imagine what we might d with an additinal day-ff - spend time with family and friends, pursue a hbby, sleep. Pilt findings shw increased prductivity as well. Many in favr f the fur-day wrkweek anticipate a mre fulfilled cmmunity.
Sme leaders will see the research and believe that a pilt is wrthwhile. Others will resist the idea. They were taught that face time with emplyees is the nly way t ensure accuntability (责任心) and prductivity. Less face time can feel like a lss f cntrl.
While each rganizatin will need t find what wrks fr them, ding s can be a prductive exercise. Leaders can let emplyees wrk ut the details rather than “slving” the challenge frm the tp dwn. Perpetual Guardian asked emplyees t prpse their wn prductivity measures, including hw t increase prductivity and arrange shifts. Awin, a tech firm, saw 80 emplyees vlunteer fr task frces t ensure that their switch t a fur-day wrkweek went smthly.
32. Why are Americans dubtful abut the new wrkweek practice?
A. There are limited legislatin prpsals fr it.
B. It challenges American wrk value.
C. It ges beynd their standard wrkweek.
D. There are few pilts fr it acrss the glbe.
33. What is paragraph 2 mainly discussing?
A. American wrk culture.
B. Challenges f the new practice.
C. Details f the new wrkweek pilts.
D. The pssibility f adpting the new practice.
34. What can be achieved by the new practice?
A. A mre healthy and efficient sciety.
B. Diversity f rganizatin management.
C. Increased sense f respnsibility.
D. Mre chices f cmmunity services.
35. What des the authr suggest leaders d?
A. Handle the challenges frm the tp dwn.
B. Allw the emplyees t try the new practice.
C. Wrk ut detailed slutins fr the rganizatin.
D. Develp mre ways t measure prductivity.
【答案】32. B33. D34. A35. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了新的四小时工作周新惯例在社会上引起的怀疑，支持和试点等情况。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Initial dubt is reasnable since American wrk culture has been funded n cnstant wrking and expectatins fr verachievement. (最初的怀疑是合理的，因为美国的工作文化建立在不断工作和对超额成就的期望之上。)”可知，美国的工作文化其价值观是“不断工作，超额成就”，而新的工作周惯例是四天制，这与其原有价值观相违背，因此美国人怀疑这一新的工作制度。故选B项。
【33题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段第二句“Hwever, if there were ever a time fr transfrming thinking, this is it. (然而，如果曾经有过转变思维的时候，那就是现在了。)”可知，作者认为现在是时候转变原有思维，即原有的工作文化价值观。故可推测本段主要讲述转变思维，适应新的惯例的可能性。故选D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Supprters cite many benefits, including imprved physical and mental health, increased gender equity and psitive envirnmental impacts. (支持者列举了许多好处，包括改善身心健康、增加性别平等和积极的环境影响。)”和第三句“Pilt findings shw increased prductivity as well. (试验结果表明，生产率也有所提高。)”可知，新的工作时长惯例能够促进身心健康，也能够提高生产效率，因此整个社会将会更加高效。故选A项。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段二三句“Leaders can let emplyees wrk ut the details rather than “slving” the challenge frm the tp dwn. Perpetual Guardian asked emplyees t prpse their wn prductivity measures, including hw t increase prductivity and arrange shifts. (领导者可以让员工解决细节问题，而不是自上而下地“解决”挑战。新西兰最大的慈善服务私人机构Perpetual Guardian要求员工提出自己的生产力措施，包括如何提高生产力和安排轮班。)”可知，领导者要让员工自己解决细节问题，且以Perpetual Guardian为例，进一步指出员工自己可以提出自己的生产力措施，即老板应该允许员工自己践行一些新实践。故选B项。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Hw Can I Fight Laziness?
Lazy peple will never gain anything in life. Hwever, laziness can be defeated nce a few changes have been made in yur mind.
___36___Many peple lack sleep cnstantly, since they stay up t late and get up t early t prepare fr wrk. These peple have little mtivatin nce they arrive hme. Laziness wrks hand in hand with a lack f mtivatin and a tendency t put ff things. By adjusting yur sleep schedule t prvide a few mre hurs f meaningful rest, yu can fight laziness thrughut the day.
Anther way t fight laziness is t change yur mind frm passive t active. Sme peple treat their lives as if they were pushed frm task t task. Others take a mre psitive apprach, viewing each task as a challenge they must vercme alne. ____37____
Sme peple fight laziness remving the temptatins that surrund them. A televisin in the living rm may prvide entertainment, but watching t much TV ften cntributes t laziness. ____38____Cmplete a few tasks and reward yurself with what yu enjy, such as a gd dinner r a film.
Laziness can als be a lasting prblem at hme. Cuples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if nt deal with immediately. ____39____ Be the first t cllect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the hme may eventually fllw yur example and perfrm their wn task. It is difficult t practice laziness when yu are surrunded by mtivated peple.
____40____ Enugh exercise and a balanced diet can help yu t develp a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling yu t have mre energy and help lift yur spirits.
A. T fight family laziness, set an example.
B. Knwing hw t fight laziness is imprtant.
C. One way t fight laziness is t get enugh sleep.
D. Finally, taking exercise regularly can help yu fight laziness.
E. With strng determinatin, yu will be able t achieve yur gal.
F. Create a reward system fr yurself, just as parents d fr a child.
G. Laziness appears when yu n lnger feel in charge f yur wn mind.
【答案】36. C37. G38. F39. A40. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。懒惰的人一生将一事无成。然而，只要你在思想上做一些改变，懒惰是可以被克服的。文章主要介绍了一些克服懒惰的方法。
【36题详解】
根据后文“Many peple lack sleep cnstantly, since they stay up t late and get up t early t prepare fr wrk. These peple have little mtivatin nce they arrive hme. Laziness wrks hand in hand with a lack f mtivatin and a tendency t put ff things. By adjusting yur sleep schedule t prvide a few mre hurs f meaningful rest, yu can fight laziness thrughut the day.(许多人经常缺乏睡眠，因为他们熬夜过晚，无法早起准备工作。这些人一旦回到家就没有什么动力了。懒惰与缺乏动力和爱拖延密切相关。通过调整你的睡眠时间表，提供几个小时重要的休息，你可以战胜一整天的懒惰)”可知，本段关于克服懒惰的方法是要获得充足的睡眠，C选项中sleep与后文中sleep相对应。故C选项“克服懒惰的一个方法是获得充足的睡眠”符合语境，故选C。
【37题详解】
根据上文“Anther way t fight laziness is t change yur mind frm passive t active. Sme peple treat their lives as if they were pushed frm task t task. Others take a mre practive apprach, viewing each task as a challenge they must vercme alne.(另一种战胜懒惰的方法是把思想从被动转变为主动。有些人对待自己的生活就好像是被迫从一个任务推到另一个任务。另一些人则采取更积极主动的方法，将每项任务视为他们必须独自克服的挑战)”可知，本段克服懒惰的方法是变被动为主动，也就是说，要主动掌握生活，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明当无法主动掌控生活时，就会变懒惰的情况。故G选项“当你觉得自己不再能掌控自己的生活时，就会变得懒惰”符合语境，故选G。
【38题详解】
根据后文“cmplete a few tasks and reward yurself with what yu enjy, such as a gd dinner r a film.(完成一些任务，用自己喜欢的东西奖励自己，比如一顿美餐或一场电影)”可知，后文提到了用自己喜欢的东西奖励自己，可知本段说明的克服懒惰的方法是：给予自己奖励，F选项中a reward system fr yurself对应后文中reward yurself。故F选项“为自己建立一个奖励系统，就像父母为自己的孩子做的那样”符合语境，故选F。
【39题详解】
根据上文“Laziness can als be a lasting prblem at hme. Cuples and children may all have different energy levels, but laziness can be spread if nt dealt with immediately.(懒惰在家里也是一个长期存在的问题。夫妻和孩子的精力可能各不相同，但如果不立即处理，懒惰会蔓延开来)”以及后文“Be the first t cllect and wash dishes after a meal. Others in the hme may eventually fllw yur example and perfrm their wn task. It is difficult t practice laziness when yu are surrunded by mtivated peple.(饭后要第一个收拾碗碟。家里的其他人最终可能会以你为榜样，完成他们自己的任务。当你周围都是干劲十足的人时，很难养成懒惰的习惯)”可知，本段主要是关于如何克服家庭懒惰，上文提到懒惰蔓延，后文则提到了要树立榜样，故本句是在说明对抗家庭懒惰的方法是树立榜样。且A选项中family对应上文中at hme。故A选项“要对抗家庭懒惰，树立榜样”符合语境，故选A。
【40题详解】
根据后文“Enugh exercise and a balanced diet can help yu t develp a healthy lifestyle, thus enabling yu t have mre energy and help lift yur spirits.(足够的运动和均衡的饮食可以帮助你养成健康的生活方式，从而使你有更多的精力，并帮助你振作精神)”可知，本段主要说明的是通过锻炼来克服懒惰，D选项中taking exercise对应后文中Enugh exercise。故D选项“最后，经常锻炼可以帮助你战胜懒惰”符合语境，故选D。
第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分 45 分)
第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
As a little girl, Dr Emma dreamed f ne day becming an pera singer. Brn t make beautiful music, the mum-f-tw never ____41____ rganizing her hspital’s Serub Chir(合唱团).
It was at the beginning f 2020 that the ____42____ came abut. “It ____43____ my heart t see clleagues pushed t the limit, and see s many seriusly ill patients ____44____ t death. T lift spirits acrss the ____45____, I started singing in the passages. The md ____46____ as sn as the music started! I ____47____ felt them cheer up. I decided t call n peple t make music in the hallways and spread ur message f appreciatin t wrldwide healthcare wrkers,” she says.
Emma appealed t anyne wh was ____48____ t unite(团结)in sng and shw respect fr healthcare wrkers. “I ____49____ 20 peple at first, s yu can imagine the _____50_____ when I gt 200 eager musicians and sngbirds ready t _____51_____!We perfrm sngs tuching the hearts f peple, prviding _____52_____ fr everyne,” says Emma. “If yu’re having a bad day, I _____53_____ ur music will _____54_____ yur day! Yu may have a tugh time, but we want yu t be _____55_____ that we’re here fr yu, always.” Emma says.
41. A. imaginedB. deniedC. wnderedD. ignred
42. A. slutinB. stryC. ideaD. dream
43. A. penedB. brkeC. warmedD. lightened
44. A. mvedB. cnfusedC. amusedD. frightened
45. A. theatersB. wrkshpsC. sickrmsD. ffices
46. A. changedB. disappearedC. fadedD. ccurred
47. A. graduallyB. immediatelyC. naturallyD. eventually
48. A. prudB. hesitantC. frtunateD. anxius
49A. expectedB. selectedC. cntactedD. cmbined
50A. achievementB. atmsphereC. shckD. scene
51. A. sign upB. check inC. cme utD. wrk ut
52. A. impressinB. defenceC. determinatinD. cmfrt
53. A. cnfirmB. prmiseC. predictD. realize
54. A. lengthenB. witnessC. makeD. ccupy
55. A. cnfidentB. satisfiedC. depressedD. aware
【答案】41. A42. C43. B44. D45. C46. A47. B48. D49. A50. C51. A52. D53. B54. C55. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是Emma通过音乐鼓舞了病人的士气，也向医护人员表达了尊重。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为两个孩子的母亲，她生来就能演奏优美的音乐，但她从未想过要组织医院的塞鲁伯合唱团。A. imagined想象；B. denied否认；C. wndered想知道；D. ignred忽视。根据下文“It was at the beginning f 2020 that the____2____ came abut.”可知，组织医院合唱团的想法是2020年出现的。由此可以推断，她最初并没有想过组织医院合唱团。故选A。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个想法是在2020年初产生的。A. slutin解决方法；B. stry故事；C. idea想法；D. dream梦想。根据下文“I decided t call n peple t make music in the hallways and spread ur message f appreciatin t wrldwide healthcare wrkers”可知，这个想法在2020年初产生。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：看到同事们被逼到极限，看到那么多重病患者被吓死，我的心都碎了。A. pened打开；B. brke打破；C. warmed温暖；D. lightened照亮、减轻。根据下文“t see clleagues pushed t the limit, and see s many seriusly ill patients ____4____ t death.”可知，Emma看到同事被逼到极限，看到重病患者被吓死，根据常理推测，看到这一切心都会碎的。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“看到同事们被逼到极限，看到那么多重病患者被吓死，我的心都碎了。A. mved感动的；B. cnfused困惑的；C. amused愉快的；D. frightened害怕的。根据上文的“many seriusly ill patients”可知，这些人是重病患者，由此可推断，这些人是担心病情而被吓死。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了鼓舞病房里的人，我开始在走廊里唱歌。A. theaters剧院；B. wrkshps工场；C. sickrms病房；D. ffices办公室。根据上文的“many seriusly ill patients”以及第一段“Brn t make beautiful music, the mum-f-tw never ____1____ rganizing her hspital’s Serub Chir(合唱团).”可知，这个合唱团身处医院，由此可推断，Emma是想鼓舞病房里的人。故选C。
【46题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：音乐一开始，气氛就变了！A. changed改变；B. disappeared消失；C. faded褪色；D. ccurred发生。根据下文“I ____7____ felt them cheer up. I decided t call n peple t make music in the hallways and spread ur message f appreciatin t wrldwide healthcare wrkers”可知，音乐有了作用，由此可推断，音乐响起后，气氛变了。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻感到他们高兴起来。A. gradually逐渐；B. immediately立即；C. naturally天生地；D. eventually最后。根据上文“The md ____6____ as sn as the music started!”可知，音乐一响，气氛就变了。说明Emma立即就感到病人高兴起来了。故选B。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Emma呼吁所有渴望团结在一起唱歌并向医护人员表示尊重的人。A. prud自豪的；B. hesitant迟疑的；C. frtunate幸运的；D. anxius担忧的、急切的。根据句意可知，Emma是想号召人们在走廊里制作音乐，并向全世界的医护人员传播感激之情，由此可推断，Emma所呼吁的人应该是有着相同想法的人，也就是渴望团结在一起向医护人员表示尊重的人。故选D。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始我预计会有20人参加，所以你可以想象当我有200名热心的音乐家和女歌手准备报名时的震惊！A. expected期待、预计；B. selected挑选；C. cntacted联系；D. cmbined结合。根据下文“s yu can imagine the ____10____ when I gt 200 eager musicians and sngbirds ready t ____11____!”可知，最终有200个人来报名，所以最初的20人是Emma预计的。故选A。
【50题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始我预计会有20人参加，所以你可以想象当我有200名热心的音乐家和女歌手准备报名时的震惊！A. achievement成就；B. atmsphere氛围；C. shck震惊；D. scene场景。根据上文“I ____9____ 20 peple at first”可知，Emma最初以为只有20人参加；而通过空后“when I gt 200 eager musicians and sngbirds ready t ____11____!”可知，最终有200人报名。由此可推断，空处指的是Emma的震惊。故选C。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：一开始我预计会有20人参加，所以你可以想象当我有200名热心的音乐家和女歌手准备报名时的震惊！A. sign up签约、报名；B. check in登记；C. cme ut出现、出版；D. wrk ut锻炼、解决。根据上文“Emma appealed t anyne wh was ____8____ t unite(团结)in sng and shw respect fr healthcare wrkers.”可知，Emma是号召别人参与进来，所以这些人应该是报名参加。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们演唱歌曲触动了人们的心灵，为每个人提供安慰。A. impressin印象；B. defence防御；C. determinatin决心；D. cmfrt安慰。根据空前“We perfrm sngs tuching the hearts f peple”可知，Emma认为她们的歌曲触动了人们的心灵，所以空处指的是为人们提供了安慰。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你今天心情不好，我保证我们的音乐会让你开心！你可能会遇到困难，但我们希望你明白，我们永远在你身边。” Emma说。A. cnfirm证实；B. prmise承诺、保证；C. predict预测；D. realize明白、意识。根据上文“We perfrm sngs tuching the hearts f peple, prviding ____12____ fr everyne,”可知，Emma认为她们的音乐会给人们带来安慰，因此，她向人们保证她们的音乐会让人们开心。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果你今天心情不好，我保证我们的音乐会让你开心！你可能会遇到困难，但我们希望你明白，我们永远在你身边。” Emma说。A. lengthen加长；B. witness见证；C. make制作；D. ccupy占据。根据上文“We perfrm sngs tuching the hearts f peple, prviding ____12____ fr everyne,”以及“If yu’re having a bad day”可知，Emma认为她们的音乐可以治愈人们的心灵。所以，当心情不好的时候，她们的音乐会让人们开心起来。考查短语“make ne’s day”，意为“让某人开心”。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“如果你今天心情不好，我保证我们的音乐会让你开心！你可能会遇到困难，但我们希望你明白，我们永远在你身边。” Emma说。A. cnfident有信心的；B. satisfied满意的；C. depressed沮丧的；D. aware明白的。根据上文“We perfrm sngs tuching the hearts f peple, prviding ____12____ fr everyne,”可知，Emma认为她们的音乐可以给人们带去安慰。由此可知，她想让人们意识到会永远在身边。故选D。
第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
根据句意和提示用正确的单词把句子补充完整。
Shanghai Library East Branch Begins Test Run
The Shanghai Library’s East Branch began____56____ (it) test peratin n August 16. As ne f the smartest libraries in Shanghai, the new branch has the largest individual library building in China, ____57____ size is 115,000 square meters. There are nearly 6,000 seats inside and it is expected____58____ (receive) 4 millin visitrs a year. It ffers sme 400,000 bks as well as mre than 600 kinds f magazines____59____ Chinese and freign languages.
With 12 mbile rbt “librarians” and varius intelligent systems, it is much ____60____ (easy) fr readers t find the bk they need, and brrw r return bks while____61____ (experience) the latest technlgies. The special rbt “librarians” can als guide visitrs t different areas, answer their questins, search fr r recmmend bks ____62____ prvide bradcasting service. After the bks____63____ (return), a 24-hur smart srting line will allw them t be back n the ____64____ (shelf) quickly.
The cnstructin f the new library started in September 2017 and was cmpleted in 2022. The new library will becme a cultural center that prvides diverse reading-related services and experiences. The riginal library n Huaihai Rad will fcus n serving the academic needs f prfessinal readers and research institutins after the new ne pens _____65_____ (fficial).
【答案】56. its
57. whse58. t receive
59. in60. easier
61. experiencing
62. and63. are returned
64. shelves
65. fficially
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了上海市图书馆浦东新分馆的试营业。
【56题详解】
考查代词。句意：上海图书馆东分馆于8月16日开始试运行。设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
【57题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作为上海最智能的图书馆之一，新分馆拥有中国最大的独立图书馆大楼，面积达11.5万平方米。分析可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词library building，关系词在从句中作定语，故填whse。
【58题详解】
考查不定式。句意：馆内有近6000个座位，预计每年将接待400万游客。短语be expected t d，意为“被预期做某事”，故填t receive。
【59题详解】
考查介词。句意：图书馆藏书40多万册，中、外文杂志600多种。此处表示600多种汉语和外语形式的杂志，介词in表示使用的语言、材料等。故填in。
【60题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：通过12个移动机器人“图书管理员”和各种智能系统，读者可以更轻松地找到他们需要的书，并在体验最新技术的同时借书或还书。设空处接在be动词后应用形容词作表语，前面有much修饰，应用比较级形式，故填easier。
【61题详解】
考查现在分词。句意：同上。while____6____ (experience) the latest technlgies为状语从句的省略，此处应用动词的分词形式，动词和逻辑主语readers之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，故填experiencing。
【62题详解】
考查连词。句意：这种特殊的机器人“图书管理员”还可以引导游客到不同的区域，回答他们的问题，搜索或推荐书籍，并提供广播服务。分析可知， guide visitrs t different areas, answer their questins, search fr r recmmend bks和prvide bradcasting service之间是并列关系，应用连词and连接，故填and。
【63题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：图书被归还后，一条24小时智能分拣线会让它们迅速放回书架上。设空处为谓语，和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，根据下文可知应用一般现在时，主语the bks，谓语用复数形式，故填are returned。
【64题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：同上。设空处为名词作宾语，表示书架，可数名词，图书馆不只一个书架，应用复数形式，故填shelves。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：淮海路原图书馆正式开馆后，将重点服务专业读者和研究机构的学术需求。设空处修饰动词pens，应用副词作状语，故填fficially。
第三节(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 15 分)
根据句意和提示用正确的单词把句子补充完整。
66. The new plant is________ cnstructin and will cme int peratin next year.(用适当的词填空)
【答案】under
【解析】
【详解】考查介词。句意：新工厂正在建设中，将于明年投入运营。固定短语under cnstructin意为“在建设中”。故填under。
67. Trade unin has sme ________ (replace) advantages in prtecting the wrkers’ interests.(所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】irreplaceable
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：工会在维护工人利益方面具有不可替代的优势。分析句子，设空处使用replace的形容词作定语，修饰名词advantages，此处意为“不可替代的”用irreplaceable。故填irreplaceable。
68. ________ (face) the dilemma, Carl was trn between becming a dctr and a career in athletics. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Facing
【解析】
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：面对这样的困境，卡罗尔在成为一名医生和成为一名运动员之间摇摆不定。分析句子，句中was trn为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处Carl与face之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填Facing。
69. The fashin shw featured a cllectin f________ (represent) designs frm varius renwned designers. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】representative
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：时装秀汇集了多位著名设计师的代表性设计。此处用形容词修饰名词作定语，representative意为“有代表性的”，故填representative。
70. Tears f________ (grateful) rlling dwn her face, she embraced her mentr wh saved her frm the depths f despair. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】gratitude
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：感激的泪水从她的脸上滚下来，她拥抱了她的导师，是这个导师把她从绝望中救了出来。设空处接在介词f之后，应用名词作宾语，根据提示词可知是gratitude，不可数名词，故填gratitude。
71. Wilsn, a 76-year-ld ________ (retire) engineer, has been ffering free rides t cllege students fr the past eight years. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】retired
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：76岁的威尔逊是一名退休工程师，在过去8年里一直为大学生提供免费乘车服务。设空处修饰名词作定语，应用形容词，表示退休的，故填retired。
72. Hardly had the birthday girl blwn ut the candles when, verwhelmed with jy, she burst ________ crying tears f happiness. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】ut
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。句意：生日女孩还没吹灭蜡烛，她就欣喜若狂，流出了幸福的眼泪。短语burst ut，意为“突然发生”，符合句意，故填ut。
73. He lked at me fr a mment, and then wrte a sentence________ (cntain) the best advice I’ve ever had: be bld. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】cntaining
【解析】
【详解】考查分词作定语。句意：他看了我一会儿，然后写了一句包含了我所得到的最好的建议的话，建议为：大胆一点。分析句子结构可知，空格处部分为后置定语修饰名词sentence，sentence与动词cntain之间存在主动关系，应使用现在分词，故填cntaining。
74. In the jurney f self-discvery, nthing is________ (significant) than finding inner peace and cntentment. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】mre significant
【解析】
【详解】考查形容词。句意：在自我发现的旅程中，没有什么比找到内心的平静和满足更重要的了。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，句中than为比较级表示，significant意为“重要的”，其比较级为mre significant。故填mre significant。
75. ________ (frtune), he passed away due t terminal cancer, but he left a deep impressin n me and gave me the inspiratin t pick up my pen again. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】Unfrtunately
【解析】
【详解】考查副词。句意：不幸的是，他因癌症晚期去世了，但他给我留下了深刻的印象，并给了我再次拿起笔的灵感。设空处修饰后面整个句子作状语，应用副词，句首单词首字母大写，故填Unfrtunately。
76. Meanwhile, there are________ (cmplain) that pr service at Lndn’s majr airprts is discuraging freigners frm ding business in Britain. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】cmplaints
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：与此同时，有人抱怨说，伦敦主要机场糟糕的服务阻碍了外国人在英国做生意。分析句子，设空处使用cmplain的名词cmplaint作主语，意为“抱怨”，此处表示复数意义。故填cmplaints。
77. In 2014, a natinal charity was funded and ver the next mnths, dnatins frm all walks f life________ (cllect) fr the benefit f the handicapped. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】were cllected
【解析】
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：2014年，成立了一个全国性慈善机构，在接下来的几个月里，社会各界的捐款都被筹集起来，以造福残疾人。根据2014年可知，时间为过去，应使用一般过去时，复数形式主语dnatins 与动词cllect之间存在被动关系，应使用被动语态，故填were cllected。
78. There had been a previus ccasin________ Harry, expected t be punished by the prfessr, had instead been appinted t the Quidditch team. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】when
【解析】
【详解】考查关系副词。句意：之前明显有一次，哈利被代替任命为魁地奇队队员，预计会受到教授的惩罚。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导限定性定语从句修饰ccasin，且在从句中作时间状语，应使用关系副词when，故填when。
79. It ________ (ccur) t Jane that she had verlked an imprtant detail in her presentatin while she was already standing befre the audience. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】ccurred
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句意：简突然想到，当她已经站在观众面前时，她在演讲中忽略了一个重要的细节。It ccurs t sb，意为“某人突然想到……”，符合句意，根据下文可知应用一般过去时，故填ccurred。
80. In sme cultures, bth verseas and in sme________ (minr) grups in Nrth America, listeners are cnsidered disrespectful if they lk directly at the speaker. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】minrity
【解析】
【详解】考查名词。句意：在某些文化中，无论是海外还是北美的一些少数群体，如果听众直接看演讲者，就会被认为是不尊重的。设空处修饰名词作定语，表示少数，应用名词minrity，故填minrity。
第四部分写作(满分 25 分)
81. 假如你是李华，最近参加了英语素养大赛收获颇多，想写一封感谢信，向你的竞争对手 Sam 致谢并分享你在此过程中获得的成长，内容包括：
1. 表达感谢；
2. 分享收获；
3. 表达祝福。
注意：
1. 词数 100 左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sam,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yurs,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Sam,
I am writing this letter t express my sincere gratitude fr the cmpetitin we have shared.
Thrugh ur rivalry, I have gained valuable insights and experiences that have shaped me int a better persn. Intense and challenging as ur cntentins are, it is yur dedicatin and talent that have served as a cnstant surce f inspiratin fr me. Each time I fell shrt, I fund the strength t pick myself up and imprve, drawing n yur resilience, perseverance, and determinatin. Despite the fierce cmpetitin, yu have always shwn respect and fairness, yur graciusness in bth victry and defeat teaching me the imprtance f humility and grace.
Once again, thank yu fr being a wrthy cmpetitr and fr the valuable insights and experiences ur cmpetitin has prvided. Wish yu an even mre fruitful academic life!
Yurs,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假如你是李华，最近参加了英语素养大赛收获颇多，想写一封感谢信，向你的竞争对手 Sam 致谢并分享你在此过程中获得的成长。
【详解】1.词汇积累
提供：prvide→ ffer
获得：gain → btain
提高：imprve→ bst
丰富的：fruitful→ abundant
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Despite the fierce cmpetitin, yu have always shwn respect and fairness, yur graciusness in bth victry and defeat teaching me the imprtance f humility and grace.
拓展句：Despite the fierce cmpetitin, yu have always shwn respect and fairness, yur graciusness in bth victry and defeat, which have taught me the imprtance f humility and grace.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Thrugh ur rivalry, I have gained valuable insights and experiences that have shaped me int a better persn.（运用了that引导的限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Intense and challenging as ur cntentins are, it is yur dedicatin and talent that have served as a cnstant surce f inspiratin fr me.（运用了as引导的让步状语从句）