湖北省重点高中温德克英联盟2025届高三上学期11月联考英语试题（Word版附解析）

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命题：湖北温德克英联合教研工作室 命题人：温袭明，李守恒
审题：武汉袭明教研工作室，黄冈SFL创优教研团队
考试时间:2024年11月29日 上午8:00-10:00 星期五
本试卷共8页，23小题。满分150分。考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上。
4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15小题; 每小题 2.5分, 满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Understanding the Fd Grading System: A Cnsumer's Guide
Intrductin:
In recent years, there has been a grwing awareness amng cnsumers abut the nutritinal value f the fd and beverages they cnsume. In respnse t this demand fr transparency, cities like Shanghai have begun implementing fd grading systems. This guide aims t prvide insight int hw these systems wrk, their benefits, and hw cnsumers can use this infrmatin t make infrmed chices.
The Fd Grading System Explained:
The fd grading system is a public health initiative designed t classify fd and beverage items based n their nutritinal cntent. The system typically uses a letter grading scale, such as A, B, C, and D, where A represents the healthiest ptins and D indicates prducts high in sugars, saturated fats, trans fats, and nn-sugar sweeteners.
Hw It Wrks:
Nutritinal Analysis: Fds and beverages are analyzed fr their cntent f key nutrients and nn-nutrients that can affect health when cnsumed in excess.
Grading Criteria: The grading criteria cnsider nt nly the presence f harmful cmpnents like sugars and unhealthy fats but als the nutritinal value, such as the presence f fiber, prtein, and essential vitamins and minerals.
Labeling: Once graded, prducts are labeled with their respective grades. This labeling is usually dne at the pint f sale, allwing cnsumers t make healthier chices with ease.
Benefits f the Fd Grading System:
Empwering Cnsumers: The system empwers cnsumers by prviding them with clear, at-a-glance infrmatin abut the health impact f their fd chices.
Healthier Chices: By understanding the grading, cnsumers are mre likely t chse higher-grade items, leading t imprved dietary habits and public health.
Encuraging Manufacturers: Fd and beverage manufacturers are incentivized t imprve the nutritinal prfile f their prducts t achieve better grades, which can bst sales and market cmpetitiveness.
Using the Fd Grading System:
As a cnsumer, yu can utilize the fd grading system in the fllwing ways:
Read Labels Carefully: Befre making a purchase, take a mment t read the grade n the prduct's label. Opt fr items with higher grades (A r B) whenever pssible.
Make Cmparisns: Cmpare the grades f different prducts within the same categry t chse the healthier ptin.
Educate Others: Share yur knwledge abut the fd grading system with friends and family t spread awareness and prmte healthier eating habits.
Cnclusin:
The fd grading system is a pwerful tl in the fight against diet-related health issues. By understanding and utilizing this system, cnsumers can take cntrl f their dietary chices and cntribute t a healthier sciety. As mre cities and cuntries adpt similar initiatives, the glbal shift twards healthier fd ptins becmes mre attainable.
This text is designed t be infrmative yet apprachable, prviding readers with a clear understanding f fd grading systems and their implicatins fr cnsumer chices.
1.What is the primary purpse f the fd grading system accrding t the text?
A. T increase sales fr fd manufacturers.
B. T prvide clear nutritinal infrmatin fr cnsumers.
C. T reduce the prductin f unhealthy fd items.
D. T regulate fd prices in the market.
2. Which f the fllwing is NOT part f the criteria used fr grading fd and beverages in the system described?
A. The presence f nn-sugar sweeteners.
B. The nutritinal value f the prduct.
C. The use f artificial clring.
D. The cntent f sugars and unhealthy fats.
3. What is the main idea f the infrmatinal text?
A. The fd grading system is a glbal initiative.
B. The fd grading system educates cnsumers n making healthier chices.
C. The fd grading system nly applies t beverages.
D. The fd grading system is designed t imprve the taste f fd.
【答案与解析】
问题1：细节理解
根据文本，食品分级系统的主要目的是什么？
A. 增加食品制造商的销售量。
B. 为消费者提供清晰的营养信息。
C. 减少不健康食品的生产。
D. 调节市场价格。
答案：B. 为消费者提供清晰的营养信息。
解析： 文本中提到，食品分级系统是一个公共卫生倡议，旨在根据食品和饮料的营养成分对它们进行分类。其主要目的是通过提供清晰的、一目了然的信息，赋予消费者权力，帮助他们做出更健康的选择。
问题2：细节理解
以下哪项不是该系统中用于分级食品和饮料的标准？
A. 非糖甜味剂的存在。
B. 产品的营养值。
C. 人工色素的使用。
D. 糖和不健康脂肪的含量。
答案：C. 人工色素的使用。
解析： 文本中提到，分级标准不仅考虑了过量消费可能影响健康的有害成分，如糖和不健康脂肪，还包括了营养值，例如纤维、蛋白质和必需的维生素和矿物质的存在。而人工色素并未在文中被提及为分级标准之一。
问题3：主旨大意
该信息文本的主要观点是什么？
A. 食品分级系统是一项全球性倡议。
B. 食品分级系统教育消费者做出更健康的选择。
C. 食品分级系统仅适用于饮料。
D. 食品分级系统旨在改善食品的味道。
答案：B. 食品分级系统教育消费者做出更健康的选择。
解析： 文本的主要观点强调了食品分级系统如何教育消费者，并帮助他们通过清晰的标签信息做出更健康的食品选择，从而促进更健康的饮食习惯和公共健康。
B
阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
The Tale f Xiami SU7: A Leap int the Future f Electric Vehicles
Once upn a time in the bustling heart f China, a tech giant by the name f Xiami decided t embark n a daring venture. Knwn fr their smartphnes and a plethra f gadgets, Xiami set its sights n the electric vehicle (EV) market, a realm dminated by the likes f Tesla and BYD. The year was 2021, and the stage was set fr a new chapter in Xiami's legacy with the annuncement f their first electric car, the SU7.
The SU7 was nt just any car; it was a symbl f innvatin and a testament t Xiami's cmmitment t the future. With a starting price pint significantly lwer than that f Tesla's Mdel 3, the SU7 aimed t disrupt the market with its affrdability and impressive range f at least 700 kilmetres n a single charge. This was a bld claim, ne that pitted the SU7 against the best in the industry.
The design f the SU7 was a masterpiece f aerdynamics and aesthetics, basting a drag cefficient f Cd0.195, which was the lwest glbally at the time. Its sleek, futuristic silhuette and spacius interir, cmplete with a 3000mm wheelbase, made it a head-turner and a cmfrtable ride. The car's interir was a cntinuatin f Xiami's eths f human-centred design, with a luxurius yet warm ambiance, digital dashbard, and a large central cntrl screen that seamlessly integrated with Xiami's smart ecsystem
Under the hd, the SU7 was pwered by Xiami's HyperEngine, a mtr that prmised bth efficiency and a thrilling acceleratin. Cupled with Xiami's prprietary CTB (Cell t Bdy) technlgy, the car nt nly basted an enhanced driving range but als a lwer centre f gravity fr imprved stability
The handling characteristics f the SU7 was nthing shrt f exceptinal, thanks t its advanced chassis technlgy and full-stack in-huse intelligent driving features. Whether navigating city streets r cruising n highways, the SU7 ffered precise steering, stable suspensin, and intelligent driving assistance that instilled cnfidence and ease
The launch f the SU7 was met with an verwhelming respnse. Within minutes f pening pre-rders, the SU7 had already brken recrds with thusands f rders puring in, a testament t the public's excitement and trust in Xiami's fray int the EV market. This was nt just a car; it was a statement, a declaratin f Xiami's ambitin t becme ne f the wrld's tp five car manufacturers within the next 15 t 20 years
The stry f the SU7 is ne f curage and determinatin, led by Xiami's funder, Lei Jun. He persnally drve the car, learned t race, and participated in winter and summer tests, ensuring that every aspect f the car met the high standards he set. His hands-n apprach and belief in the team's passin fr cars were instrumental in the SU7's success.
In the annals f autmtive histry, the Xiami SU7 will be remembered as a trailblazer, a car that nt nly captured the imaginatin f the public but als redefined what it means t be a high-perfrmance electric vehicle. It is a stry f a cmpany that dared t dream and, in ding s, created a legacy that will ech thrugh the ages.
4. What is the main idea f the secnd paragraph?
A. The price and range f the Xiami SU7.
B. The design and interir features f the Xiami SU7.
C. The perfrmance and technlgy f the Xiami SU7.
D. The public's respnse t the launch f the Xiami SU7.
5. What can be inferred abut Xiami's strategy with the SU7 frm the passage?
A. Xiami aimed t cmpete with high-end luxury car brands.
B. Xiami intended t enter the EV market with a high-priced flagship mdel.
C. Xiami's gal was t ffer an affrdable yet high-perfrmance EV t disrupt the market.
D. Xiami's primary fcus was n designing a car with the lwest pssible price.
6. Based n the cntext, what des the term "CTB technlgy" mst likely refer t?
A. A type f high-perfrmance engine.
B. A technlgy that imprves battery life.
C. A chassis design fr better stability.
D. A technlgy that integrates the battery cells with the car's bdy structure.
7. What is the main idea f the passage?
A. The design and features f the Xiami SU7.
B. The challenges faced by Xiami in the EV market.
C. The stry f Xiami's entry int the electric vehicle market with the SU7.
D. The glbal impact f Xiami's HyperEngine technlgy.
【答案与解析】
4. 段落大意题:
- 正确答案：B. The design and interir features f the Xiami SU7.
- 第二段主要描述了SU7的设计和内饰特点，包括其流线型外观、宽敞的内部空间和先进的技术集成。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. The price and range f the Xiami SU7：这些信息在第一段提到，而不是第二段。
- C. The perfrmance and technlgy f the Xiami SU7：虽然提到了技术，但第二段更侧重于设计和内饰。
- D. The public's respnse t the launch f the Xiami SU7：公众的反应在文章的后半部分提到，而不是第二段。
5. 推理推断题:
- 正确答案：C. Xiami's gal was t ffer an affrdable yet high-perfrmance EV t disrupt the market.
- 原文中提到小米SU7的起售价显著低于特斯拉Mdel 3，且续航里程至少700公里，这表明小米旨在提供一款性价比高的电动汽车，以颠覆市场。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. Xiami aimed t cmpete with high-end luxury car brands：原文没有提到小米旨在与高端豪华车品牌竞争。
- B. Xiami intended t enter the EV market with a high-priced flagship mdel：原文明确提到小米SU7的起售价低，与此选项相矛盾。
- D. Xiami's primary fcus was n designing a car with the lwest pssible price：原文强调的是性价比，而不仅仅是最低价格。
6. 猜词题:
- 正确答案：D. A technlgy that integrates the battery cells with the car's bdy structure.
- 原文中提到的CTB技术指的是电芯与车身结构集成的技术，这有助于提高车辆的性能和稳定性。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. A type f high-perfrmance engine：CTB技术与发动机类型无关。
- B. A technlgy that imprves battery life：CTB技术涉及电池与车身的集成，而不是电池寿命。
- C. A chassis design fr better stability：CTB技术可能有助于稳定性，但原文中并没有直接提到底盘设计。
7. 主旨大意题:
- 正确答案：C. The stry f Xiami's entry int the electric vehicle market with the SU7.
- 整篇文章讲述了小米以其SU7车型进入电动汽车市场的故事，包括其特点、市场定位和对行业的潜在影响。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. The design and features f the Xiami SU7：虽然文章提到了SU7的设计和特点，但这不是文章的主旨。
- B. The challenges faced by Xiami in the EV market：文章没有特别提到小米在EV市场面临的挑战。
- D. The glbal impact f Xiami's HyperEngine technlgy：文章没有讨论HyperEngine技术的全球影响。
这些解析依据原文内容，详细解释了每个问题的答案选择依据，并且解释了为什么其他选项不正确。希望这能帮助您更深入地理解文章的内容和每个问题的正确答案。
C
Science shuld guide plicy, but cautin is needed when technlgies like CRISPR have the ptential t exclude rather than assist peple t live their lives.
CRISPR can be used t treat disease. Yet the far-reaching, mre wrrying prmise f this technlgy — ne abut which scientists seem at nce excited and cautius — lies in its ability t eliminate frm the gene pl what medical science identifies as faulty r abnrmal genes that cause difference in individual peple. Certainly, ges the lgic f CRISPR’s prmise, the gal f ridding future generatins f terrible diseases that cause suffering and death and exhaust resurces, seems an unquestinable enterprise.
This lgic is cnsistent with wider scietal views. The idea that ridding sciety f genetic differences that cunt as defect is an undeniable “gd” cntinues t be pervasive. Editing ut a gene-linked cnditin, supprters may argue, is different frm editing ut a persn, and curing disease is a gd thing. But ur genetic cnditins are nt simply entities that can be clipped away frm us and ur genetic cnditins frm a fundamental part f wh we are.
Using genme manipulatin tls and perfrming genetic selectin is equal t a new frm f eugenic thinking grunded in what the cmmunicatins studies schlar James L. Chemey calls “cmmn sense” ableism, a belief system that allws peple t simultaneusly deny any cmmitment t distasteful eugenic principles while als hlding them up. Ultimately, “cmmn sense” ableism embdies a similar gal f cleansing unacceptable human variatins that the campaigns t eliminate the suppsedly inferir have held in the past.
Peple with “bad” genes shuldn’t be edited ut f existence in sme versin f a utpian future. Evaluating the quality f life f anther persn is mrally questinable in a sciety based n the cncept that all peple are f equal value regardless f their individual differences.
Expanding diversity in all its frms, including disability, strengthens the human cmmunity ethically and bilgically because it pens the public and private sphere t a variety f perspectives, experiences and ideas t live tgether with mutual flurishing.
Genme editing is pwerful in reshaping medical treatments, but it can als be harmful by editing ut the kinds f peple that medical science, and the sciety it has shaped, categrize as diseased r genetically cntaminated — peple wh are understd as having bad genes. We shuld be reminded that bad genes dn’t necessarily lead t bad lives, just as gd genes dn’t necessarily lead t gd lives. If CRISPR is put t use t eliminate rather than t treat genetic difference, we as a sciety wuld essentially instrumentalize this mralistic and reductinist assumptin..
8. Accrding t the passage, which f the fllwing best describes the authr's view n the use f CRISPR t eliminate genetic defects?
A. The authr fully supprts the use f CRISPR fr the betterment f human health.
B. The authr is cncerned abut the ptential misuse f CRISPR t exclude individuals with genetic differences.
C. The authr believes that CRISPR shuld nly be used fr treating severe diseases with clear genetic causes.
D. The authr argues that CRISPR technlgy is inherently flawed and shuld nt be used at all.
9. What can be inferred frm the authr's discussin abut "cmmn sense" ableism?
A. The authr believes that ableism is a ratinal apprach t genetic diversity.
B. The authr suggests that "cmmn sense" ableism is a subtle frm f discriminatin that is widely accepted.
C. The authr thinks that "cmmn sense" ableism is a new cncept intrduced by James L. Chemey.
D. The authr argues that "cmmn sense" ableism is a psitive develpment in the field f genetics.
10. The authr emplys the term "utpian future" t describe a sciety that edits ut "bad" genes. What is the rhetrical effect f this term?
A. It evkes a sense f idealism and prgress in genetic engineering.
B. It highlights the ptential dangers f verreaching in genetic mdificatin.
C. It suggests that such a future is impssible and therefre nt wrth discussing.
D. It emphasizes the authr's supprt fr a future free f genetic diseases.
11. What is the main argument f the passage?
A. CRISPR technlgy has the ptential t cause mre harm than gd if nt used cautiusly.
B. Genetic diversity shuld be preserved because it enriches sciety ethically and bilgically.
C. The scietal view that genetic defects shuld be eliminated is mrally and ethically flawed.
D. The use f CRISPR t treat diseases is a clear and unquestinable gd.
【答案与解析】
8. 细节理解题:
- 正确答案：B. a questinable tl fr remving faulty genes
- 原文提到了CRISPR技术可能排除而不是帮助人们生活的可能性，表明作者对这种技术的使用持谨慎态度。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. a necessary evil in treating severe diseases：原文并没有将CRISPR描述为“必要的恶”，而是强调了其潜在的排除个体的风险。
- C. a prmising technlgy t cnserve resurces：原文没有提到资源保护，而是讨论了消除遗传差异的道德问题。
- D. a lgical apprach t imprving human genetics：原文中作者质疑了这种逻辑，认为它可能导致排除个体，而不是改善人类遗传。
9. 推理题:
- 正确答案：B. cmpare genetic selectin t eugenic thinking
- 原文中提到了“cmmn sense” ableism与优生学思维的相似之处，指出它们都旨在清除不可接受的人类变异。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. trace the evlutin f genetic selectin in histry：原文没有追溯遗传选择的历史演变。
- C. ffer an example f campaigns t remve bad genes：原文没有提供具体的运动例子，而是讨论了这种思维的一般概念。
- D. reveal the rt f the scietal view n genetic differences：原文没有揭示社会对遗传差异观点的根源，而是批评了这种观点。
10. 修辞手法分析题:
- 正确答案：B. It highlights the ptential dangers f verreaching in genetic mdificatin.
- 原文中使用“utpian future”来暗示一个理想化的未来，其中通过基因编辑消除所谓的“坏”基因，但实际上作者认为这种做法是有问题的。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. It evkes a sense f idealism and prgress in genetic engineering：这与作者的意图相反，作者批评了这种理想化的未来。
- C. It suggests that such a future is impssible and therefre nt wrth discussing：原文并没有说这样的未来不可能，而是批评了追求这种未来的想法。
- D. It emphasizes the authr's supprt fr a future free f genetic diseases：作者并没有支持一个没有遗传疾病的未来，而是批评了这种追求。
11. 主旨大意题:
- 正确答案：C. In Defense f Our Bad Genes
- 文章主要讨论了保护遗传多样性的重要性，反对将某些基因标记为“坏”并试图消除它们。
- 其他选项解释：
- A. The Dark Side f CRISPR：虽然文章讨论了CRISPR的潜在负面影响，但主旨更广泛地涉及了对遗传差异的辩护。
- B. In the Wake f Genetic Selectin：文章并没有集中在遗传选择的后果上，而是集中在对遗传差异的价值辩护上。
- D. The Prmise and Price f Gene Editing：虽然文章提到了基因编辑的潜在好处和代价，但主旨更侧重于辩护遗传差异的价值。
D
“Assume yu are wrng.” The advice came frm Brian Nsek, a psychlgy prfessr, wh was ffering a strategy fr pursuing better science.
T understand the cntext fr Nsek’s advice, we need t take a step back t the nature f science itself. Yu see despite what many f us learned in elementary schl, there is n single scientific methd. Just as scientific theries becme elabrated and change, s d scientific methds.
But methdlgical refrm hasn’t cme withut sme fretting and frictin. Nasty things have been said by and abut methdlgical refrmers. Few peple like having the value f their life’s wrk called int questin. On the ther side, few peple are gd at vicing criticisms in kind and cnstructive ways. S, part f the challenge is figuring ut hw t bake critical self-reflectin int the culture f science itself, s it unflds as a welcme and integrated part f the prcess, and nt an embarrassing sideshw.
What Nsek recmmended was a strategy fr changing the way we ffer and respnd t critique. Assuming yu are right might be a mtivating frce, sustaining the enrmus effrt that cnducting scientific wrk requires. But it als makes it easy t interpret criticisms as persnal attacks. Beginning, instead, frm the assumptin yu are wrng, a criticism is easier t interpret as a cnstructive suggestin fr hw t be less wrng — a gal that yur critic presumably shares.
One wrry abut this apprach is that it culd be demralizing fr scientists. Striving t be less wrng might be a less effective mtivatin than the prmise f being right. Anther cncern is that a strategy that wrks well within science culd backfire when it cmes t cmmunicating science with the public. Withut an appreciatin fr hw science wrks, it’s easy t take uncertainty r disagreements as marks against science, when in fact they reflect sme f the very features f science that make it ur best apprach t reaching reliable cnclusins abut the wrld. Science is reliable because it respnds t evidence: as the quantity and quality f ur evidence imprves, ur theries can and shuld change, t.
Despite these wrries, I like Nsek’s suggestin because it builds in cgnitive humility alng with a sense that we can d better. It als builds in a sense f cmmunity — we’re all in the same bat when it cmes t falling shrt f getting things right.
Unfrtunately, this still leaves us with an untested hypthesis: that assuming ne is wrng can change cmmunity nrms fr the better, and ultimately supprt better science and even, perhaps, better decisins in life. I dn’t knw if that’s true. In fact, I shuld prbably assume that it’s wrng. But with the benefit f the scientific cmmunity and ur best methdlgical tls, I hpe we can get it less wrng, tgether.
12. Accrding t Paragraph 1, what is the cre message f Brian Nsek's advice?
A. Scientists shuld always be cnfident in their methds.
B. The scientific methd is unchanging and universal.
C. There is a need fr a mre self-reflective apprach in the scientific cmmunity.
D. Methdlgical refrmers are ften criticized unfairly.
13. In the cntext f the article, what des the term "methdlgical refrmers" mst likely refer t?
A. Peple wh are against scientific refrms.
B. Scientists wh advcate fr changes in scientific methds.
C. Individuals wh are resistant t change in their scientific wrk.
D. Critics wh questin the value f scientific methds.
14. What is a ptential benefit f adpting the "assume yu are wrng" strategy accrding t the authr?
A. It can reduce persnal attacks in scientific debates.
B. It may lead t a decrease in the mtivatin f scientists.
C. It will make scientific cnclusins mre reliable.
D. It can imprve the public's understanding f science.
15.Cnsidering the "assume yu are wrng" strategy, which f the fllwing applicatins in nn-scientific fields is mst likely t align with the principles discussed in the article?
A. Encuraging business leaders t always trust their initial instincts in making decisins.
B. Training pliticians t be mre defensive abut their plicies t avid admitting faults.
C. Prmting a culture in educatinal institutins where teachers and students actively seek feedback t imprve learning utcmes.
D. Advising jurnalists t stick t their narratives regardless f ppsing views t maintain cnsistency.
【答案与解析】
12. 段落分析题:
- 问题: Accrding t Paragraph 1, what is the cre message f Brian Nsek's advice?
- 正确答案: C. There is a need fr a mre self-reflective apprach in the scientific cmmunity.
- 解析: 第一段提到了Brian Nsek的建议，即“假设你错了”，这是一个追求更好科学的战略。这个建议的背景是科学本身的性质，以及科学方法的变化和改进。因此，核心信息是需要在科学界采取更加自我反思的方法。
- 其他选项解释:
- A. Scientists shuld always be cnfident in their methds.
- 错误，因为文章强调的是自我反思和质疑，而不是盲目自信。
- B. The scientific methd is unchanging and universal.
- 错误，因为文章明确指出科学方法会随着时间和理论的发展而变化。
- D. Methdlgical refrmers are ften criticized unfairly.
- 错误，虽然文章提到了改革者面临的批评，但这并不是Nsek建议的核心信息。
13. 词义猜测题:
- 问题: In the cntext f the article, what des the term "methdlgical refrmers" mst likely refer t?
- 正确答案: B. Scientists wh advcate fr changes in scientific methds.
- 解析: 文章中提到了方法论改革者面临的争议和批评，这表明他们是那些主张改变科学方法的人。
- 其他选项解释:
- A. Peple wh are against scientific refrms.
- 错误，因为“methdlgical refrmers”是指支持改革的人，而不是反对改革的人。
- C. Individuals wh are resistant t change in their scientific wrk.
- 错误，因为抵抗变化的人不会被称为改革者。
- D. Critics wh questin the value f scientific methds.
- 错误，因为批评者质疑科学方法的价值，而改革者是提出改进建议的人。
14. 推理题:
- 问题: What is a ptential benefit f adpting the "assume yu are wrng" strategy accrding t the authr?
- 正确答案: A. It can reduce persnal attacks in scientific debates.
- 解析: 文章中提到，从“假设你错了”的立场出发，批评更容易被解释为建设性的建议，而不是个人攻击。
- 其他选项解释:
- B. It may lead t a decrease in the mtivatin f scientists.
- 错误，虽然这是一个担忧，但文章并没有明确说这会减少科学家的动力。
- C. It will make scientific cnclusins mre reliable.
- 错误，文章没有直接说这个策略会使科学结论更可靠，而是说它有助于响应证据。
- D. It can imprve the public's understanding f science.
- 错误，文章讨论了这个策略可能在公众沟通中适得其反，而不是改善公众理解。
15. 联系实际的选择题:
- 问题: Cnsidering the "assume yu are wrng" strategy, which f the fllwing applicatins in nn-scientific fields is mst likely t align with the principles discussed in the article?
- 正确答案: C. Prmting a culture in educatinal institutins where teachers and students actively seek feedback t imprve learning utcmes.
- 解析: 这个选项与文章中提倡的策略相符，即通过接受反馈和批评来改进，这与教育领域中寻求反馈以改善学习成果的文化相一致。
- 其他选项解释:
- A. Encuraging business leaders t always trust their initial instincts in making decisins.
- 错误，这与文章提倡的自我反思和接受批评的策略相悖。
- B. Training pliticians t be mre defensive abut their plicies t avid admitting faults.
- 错误，这与文章中提倡的开放性和接受批评的态度相反。
- D. Advising jurnalists t stick t their narratives regardless f ppsing views t maintain cnsistency.
- 错误，文章中提倡的是从可能错误的角度出发，接受批评和反馈，而不是坚持自己的观点不顾反对意见。
第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Artificial-intelligence systems like Grammarly, an autmated grammar-checker, are trained with data. Fr instance, translatin sftware is fed sentences translated by humans, Grammarly's training data invlve a large number f standard errr-free sentences and human-crrected sentences. 16 The sftware then lks at a user's writing: if a line f wrds seems ungrammatical, it tries t spt hw the generally suppsed mistake is mst clsely similar t ne frm its training inputs.
17 Advances in language technlgy have been impressive in, fr example, speech recgnitin, which invlves anther srt f statistical guess—whether r nt a stretch f sund matches a certain line f wrds. 18 It can rate the tne f an email befre yu send it, after being trained n texts that have been assessed by humans, fr example as “admiring” r “cnfident”.
But grammar is the real magic f language, jining wrds int structures, jining thse structures int sentences, and ding s in a way that maps nt meaning. 19 Cmputers can analyze grammatical sentences fairly well, labeling things like nuns and verb phrases. But they struggle with sentences that are difficult t analyze, precisely because they are ungrammatical—in ther wrds, written by the kind f persn wh needs Grammarly.
20 T crrect such writing requires knwing what the writer intended. But cmputers dn't wrk in meaning r intentin, they wrk in frmulae. Humans, by cntrast, can usually understand even sentences that are nt grammatically crrect, because f the ability t guess the cntents f ther minds. Grammar-checking cmputers illustrate nt hw bad humans are with language, but just hw gd.
A. Grammarly can seem t miss mre errrs than it marks.
B. One Grammarly feature that wrks fairly well is feeing analysis.
C. T crrect such writing requires knwing what the writer intended.
D. Grammarly has sme bvius strengths in understanding meaning r intentins.
E. Cmputers utpace humans at prblems that can be slved with pure maths.
F. Develpers als add certain rules t the patterns Grammarly has taught itself.
G. In this decisive structure—meaning cnnectin, machines are n match fr humans.
【答案与解析】
16. 空格前文提到Grammarly的训练数据包含大量的标准无错句和人工纠正的句子，软件会查看用户写作中的每行文字，如果看起来不合语法，会尝试找出与其训练输入中最相似的普遍假定错误。 这里适合填入的是关于Grammarly如何工作的进一步解释或补充信息。最合适的选项是：
- F. Develpers als add certain rules t the patterns Grammarly has taught itself. 这个选项说明了开发者还会添加特定的规则到Grammarly自学的模式中，这与前文提到的软件如何识别错误是相符合的。
17. 空格提到了语言技术的进步，特别是语音识别，这涉及到另一种统计猜测——一段声音是否与某行文字匹配。 这里适合填入的是关于语言技术其他应用的信息。最合适的选项是：
- B. One Grammarly feature that wrks fairly well is tne analysis. 这个选项提到了Grammarly在语气分析方面的功能，这与前文提到的语音识别和邮件发送前的语调评估相呼应。
18. 空格讨论了语法是语言的真正魔力，将单词组合成结构，将这些结构组合成句子，并以映射到意义的方式进行。 这里适合填入的是强调计算机在处理语法和意义上的局限性。最合适的选项是：
- G. In this decisive structure—meaning cnnectin, machines are n match fr humans. 这个选项强调了在结构—意义连接的决定性环节中，机器无法与人类匹敌，这与前文提到的计算机分析语法句子和人类理解非语法句子的能力相呼应。
19. 空格提到计算机可以相当好地分析语法句子，标记名词和动词短语等，但它们难以分析难以分析的句子，因为它们不合语法。 这里适合填入的是关于计算机在理解意图和意义上的局限性。最合适的选项是：
- C. T crrect such writing requires knwing what the writer intended. 这个选项说明了纠正这类写作需要知道作者的意图，这与前文提到的计算机在处理不合语法句子时的挑战相符合。
20. 空格讨论了计算机不理解意图和意义，它们工作在公式上，而人类可以理解即使不合语法的句子，因为能够猜测他人的思维内容。 这里适合填入的是关于Grammarly可能错过错误的信息。最合适的选项是：
- A. Grammarly can seem t miss mre errrs than it marks. 这个选项提到了Grammarly似乎错过的错误比它标记的要多，这与前文提到的计算机在理解意图和意义上的局限性相呼应。
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 (共15小题； 每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Heads r Tails?
Careful: It’s nt 50-50
The phrase “cin tss” is a classic synnym fr randmness. But since the 18th century, mathematicians have _________ that even fair cins tend t land n ne side slightly mre ften than the ther. Prving this tiny bias, _________, wuld require hundreds f thusands f carefully recrded cin flips, making labratry tests a lgistical (后勤的，组织协调的) _________.↳
František Bartš, currently a Ph.D. candidate studying the research methds f psychlgy at the University f Amsterdam, became interested in this _________ fur years ag. He culdn’t _________ enugh vlunteers t investigate it at first. But after he began his Ph.D. studies, he tried again, recruiting 47 vlunteers frm six cuntries. Multiple weekends f cin flipping later, including ne 12-hur marathn _________, the team perfrmed 350,757 tsses, breaking the previus recrd f 40,000.
With ne side initially upward, the flipped cin landed with the same side facing _________ as befre the tss 50.8 percent f the time. The large number f thrws allws _________ t cnclude that the nearly 1 percent bias isn’t a fluke (侥幸). “We can be quite sure there is a bias in cin flips after this data set,” Bartš says.
The leading thery explaining the _________ advantage cmes frm a 2007 physics study by Stanfrd University statisticians, whse calculatins predicted a same-side bias f 51 percent. Frm the mment a cin is launched int the air, its entire track — including whether it lands n heads r tails — can be calculated by the laws f __________. The researchers determined that airbrne cins dn’t turn arund their symmetrical axis (对称轴); __________, they tend t mve ff-center, which causes them t spend a little mre time high in the air with their initial “up” side n tp.
Fr day-t-day decisins, cin tsses are as gd as randm because a 1 percent bias isn’t __________ with just a few cin flips, says statistician Ameli, wh wasn’t invlved in the new research. Still, the study’s cnclusins shuld eliminate any lasting dubt regarding the cin flip’s slight bias. “This is great experiment-based evidence __________ the bias,” she says.
It isn’t difficult t prevent this bias frm influencing yur cin-tss matches; simply __________ the cin’s starting psitin befre flipping it shuld d the trick. But if yur friends are __________ the tiny bias, yu may as well benefit frm yur slight advantage. After all, 51 percent dds beat a casin’s huse advantage. “If yu asked me t bet n a cin,” Bartš says, “why wuldn’t I give myself a 1 percent bias?”
21.A．cnfirmed B．denied C．Recrded D．suspected
22.A．therefre B．hwever C．fr example D．vice versa
23.A．nightmare B．cntext C．Interventin D．delay
24.A．cinage B．Discipline C．Challenge D．phrase
25.A．cperate with B．rund up C．shrug aside D．cunt n
26.A．analysis B．race C．interviewD．sessin
27.A．upward B．evenly C．Dwnward D．unifrmly
28.A．Vlunteers B．gamblers C．Psychlgists D．statisticians
29.A．Accidental B．dminant C．subtle D．prejudiced
30.A．Mechanics B．relativity C．gemetry D．chemistry
31.A．mrever B．instead C．Likewise D．initially
32.A．Insignificant B．Accessible C．inclusive D．perceptible
33.A．reversing B．integrating with C．backing up D．rejecting
34.A．Cncealing B．shifting C．Perceiving D．anchring
35.A．favurable t B．ppsed t C．unaware f D．suspicius f
【答案与解析】
21. D. suspected
- 解析: 文章提到自18世纪以来，数学家们已经怀疑即使是公平的硬币也倾向于稍微更频繁地落在某一侧。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. cnfirmed：文章中没有提到数学家们已经确认了这种偏见。
- B. denied：否认与文章内容相矛盾，因为文章讨论了偏见的存在。
- C. recrded：记录并不涉及对偏见的怀疑或确认。
22. A. cnfirmed
- 解析: 证明这种微小的偏见需要成千上万次仔细记录的硬币投掷，意味着之前的怀疑已被证实。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- B. denied：否认与文章内容相矛盾。
- C. fr example：例如并不适用于此处的语境。
- D. vice versa：反之亦然，与此处内容无关。
23. A. nightmare
- 解析: 进行成千上万次硬币投掷的实验室测试在后勤上是一场噩梦。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- B. cntext：上下文与此处讨论的后勤问题无关。
- C. interventin：干预不适用于描述实验室测试的困难。
- D. delay：延迟并不直接关联到实验室测试的困难。
24. C. challenge
- 解析: František Bartš 对这个挑战感兴趣，意味着他想探究硬币投掷的偏见问题。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. cinage：造币与文章内容无关。
- B. discipline：学科不适用于描述硬币投掷的问题。
- D. phrase：短语不适用于描述Bartš感兴趣的问题。
25. D. cunt n
- 解析: 他最初无法召集足够的志愿者来研究这个问题，意味着他依赖于志愿者的帮助。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. cperate with：合作并不直接关联到召集志愿者的问题。
- B. rund up：围捕与此处内容无关。
- C. shrug aside：忽视不适用于描述Bartš对志愿者的需求。
26. D. sessin
- 解析: 一个12小时的马拉松硬币投掷会话，意味着长时间的硬币投掷活动。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. analysis：分析并不直接关联到硬币投掷的活动。
- B. race：比赛与此处内容无关。
- C. interview：面试不适用于描述硬币投掷的活动。
27. A. upward
- 解析: 硬币以一侧向上翻转后，以相同侧向上落地的比例为50.8%，意味着硬币保持了初始的向上状态。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- B. evenly：均匀并不适用于描述硬币投掷的结果。
- C. dwnward：向下与文章内容相反。
- D. unifrmly：一致也不适用于描述硬币投掷的结果。
28. A. vlunteers
- 解析: 从六个国家招募了47名志愿者进行硬币投掷实验。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- B. gamblers：赌徒与文章内容无关。
- C. psychlgists：心理学家不适用于描述参与硬币投掷的人。
- D. statisticians：统计学家不适用于描述参与硬币投掷的人。
29. C. subtle
- 解析: 几乎1%的偏见是非常微妙的，意味着它很小但可被检测到。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. accidental：偶然的意味着不是故意的，与文章内容无关。
- B. dminant：主导的与此处内容无关。
- D. prejudiced：有偏见的与文章内容无关。
30. A. mechanics
- 解析: 硬币的整个轨迹，包括它落在正面还是反面，可以通过力学定律来计算。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- B. relativity：相对论与硬币投掷的力学无关。
- C. gemetry：几何学与硬币投掷的力学无关。
- D. chemistry：化学与硬币投掷的力学无关。
31. B. instead
- 解析: 硬币在空中不围绕它们的对称轴翻转；相反，它们倾向于偏移中心，意味着它们倾向于以初始的“向上”侧保持更长时间。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. mrever：此外与此处内容无关。
- C. likewise：同样与此处内容无关。
- D. initially：最初与此处内容无关。
32. D. perceptible
- 解析: 1%的偏见在仅仅几次硬币投掷中是可感知的，意味着它足够大以至于可以被注意到。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. insignificant：不显著与文章内容相反。
- B. accessible：可访问的与此处内容无关。
- C. inclusive：包容的与此处内容无关。
33. C. backing up
- 解析: 这项研究的结论应该消除对硬币投掷轻微偏见的任何持续怀疑，意味着结论支持了偏见的存在。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. reversing：反转与此处内容无关。
- B. integrating with：与...集成与此处内容无关。
- D. rejecting：拒绝与此处内容相反。
34. D. anchring
- 解析: 改变硬币的起始位置可以防止偏见影响你的硬币投掷比赛，意味着起始位置是一个关键因素。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. cncealing：隐藏与此处内容无关。
- B. shifting：转移与此处内容无关。
- C. perceiving：感知与此处内容无关。
35. C. unaware f
- 解析: 如果你的朋友没有意识到这个微小的偏见，你可能会从你的轻微优势中受益。其他选项与上下文不符。
- 其他选项:
- A. favurable t：有利于与此处内容无关。
- B. ppsed t：反对与此处内容无关。
- D. suspicius f：怀疑与此处内容无关。
第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Directins: After reading the passage belw, fill in the blanks t make the passage cherent and grammatically crrect. Fr the blanks with a given wrd, fill in each blank with the prper frm f the given wrd; fr the ther blanks, use ne wrd that best fits each blank.
The fairest wman in the wrld was Helen. 36 was the fame f her beauty that there was nt a single yung prince in all f Greece that didn’t wish t marry her. When her suitrs assembled in her hme t make a frmal prpsal fr her hand there were s many frm such pwerful families that her reputed father King Tyndareus, was afraid t select ne frm amngst them, fearing that the thers wuld unite against him. He therefre demanded first a slemn path frm all 37 they wuld stand up fr the cause f Helen’s husband, whever he might be, if any wrng was dne t him thrugh his marriage. Then Tyndareus chse Menelaus, the brther f Agamemnn, and made him King f Sparta as well.
S matters std when Paris gave the glden apple t Aphrdite. The Gddess f Lve and Beauty knew very well where the mst beautiful wman n earth was 38 (find). She led the yung shepherd straight t Sparta, where Menelaus and Helen received him graciusly as their guest. The ties between guest and hst were strng. But Paris brke that sacred bnd. Menelaus, trusting cmpletely t it, left Paris in his hme and went ff t Crete.
Menelaus returned t find Helen gne, and he called upn all f Greece t help recver her. The chieftains respnded 39 they were bliged t d. They eagerly arrived fr the great expeditin, 40 (crss) the sea and lay mighty Try in ashes. Tw f the first rank, hwever, were missing: Odysseus. King f the Island f Ithaca, and Achilles, the sn f Peleus and the sea nymph Thetis. Odysseus, wh was ne f 41 (shrewd) men in Greece, did nt want t leave his huse and family t embark n a rmantic adventure verseas fr the sake f a faithless wman. He pretended, therefre, that he had gne mad, and when a messenger frm the Greek
Army had arrived, the King was plwing a field and swing it with salt 42 seed. But the messenger seized Odysseus’ little sn and put him directly in the way f the plw. Instantly the father turned the plw aside, thus 43 (prve) that he had all his wits abut him. Hwever reluctant, he had t jin the Army.
Achilles was kept back by his mther. She sent him t the curt f Lycmedes and made him wear wmen’s clthing, hiding him amng the maidens. Odysseus was dispatched by the chieftains t bring him ut. Disguised as a peddler he went t the curt 44 Achilles was said t be, with gay rnaments in his pack such as wmen lve, and als sme fine weapns. While the girls flcked arund the trinkets, Achilles fingered each f the swrds and daggers. Odysseus knew him then, and he had n truble at all in making him disregard what his mther had said and 45 (g) t the Greek camp with him.↳
S the great fleet made ready.
【答案与解析】
36. - 原文：“was the fame f her beauty”表明这里需要一个连词来连接前后句，表示“她的美貌是如此的有名”。
- 答案：such
37. - 原文：“frm all they wuld stand up fr the cause f Helen’s husband”表明这里需要一个宾格代词来指代前面提到的“all”。
- 答案：whm
38. - 原文：“where the mst beautiful wman n earth was”需要一个动词的被动形式来完成句子，表示“地球上最美丽的女人在哪里可以被找到”。
- 答案：t be fund
39. - 原文：“The chieftains respnded”后需要一个从句来说明他们如何回应，这里需要一个表示他们有义务这样做的表达。
- 答案：as
40. - 原文：“They eagerly arrived fr the great expeditin, crss the sea and lay mighty Try in ashes.”需要一个动词的现在分词形式来修饰前面的“expeditin”，表示“跨越海洋”的动作。
- 答案：crssing
41. - 原文：“Odysseus, wh was ne f shrewd men in Greece”需要一个形容词最高级形式来完成句子，表示“奥德修斯是希腊最精明的人之一”。
- 答案：shrewdest
42. - 原文：“swing it with salt seed”需要一个名词来完成句子，表示“用盐作为种子播种”。
- 答案：salt
43. - 原文：“thus prve that he had all his wits abut him”需要一个动词的现在分词形式来完成句子，表示“因此证明了他完全清醒”。
- 答案：prving
44. - 原文：“Disguised as a peddler he went t the curt Achilles was said t be”需要一个连词来连接两个从句，表示“伪装成小贩，他去了据说阿喀琉斯所在的宫廷”。
- 答案：where
45. - 原文：“and he had n truble at all in making him disregard what his mther had said and g t the Greek camp with him”需要一个动词原形来完成句子，表示“并且他毫不费力地让他不顾他母亲的话，和他一起去希腊营地”。
- 答案：g
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (满分15分)
46．你校英文报征文，请结合以下四幅图片中的任意一幅或几幅，按要求用英语写一篇100词左右的作文。
要求：1.题目自拟；
2.简述图片中的现象；
3.发表自己的看法。
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例文：
题目：The Distractin f Mbile Phnes: A Call fr Balance
In the cntemprary tableau captured in the image, a cuple is engrssed in their mbile phnes, blivius t the sumptuus feast befre them. This scene is a micrcsm f a brader scietal trend where digital devices ften supplant genuine human interactin, leading t a state f alienatin.
The prliferatin f smartphnes has ushered in an era where cnnectivity knws n bunds. These devices, with their myriad functinalities, have becme the hub f ur digital lives. They empwer us t navigate the vast expanse f the internet, t chrnicle ur musings n scial platfrms, and t capture and share the fleeting mments f ur existence with unprecedented ease.
Hwever, this cnvenience cmes at a cst. The very technlgy that prmised t bring us clser has, in many instances, driven us apart. The cuple in the image, ptentially nce bund by shared experiences and cnversatins, nw finds their attentin riveted t the glw f their screens. Their phnes have becme the interlper, the third wheel in their relatinship, diluting the ptency f their cnnectin.
It is imperative that we strike a balance. We must nt allw the allure f ur mbile devices t eclipse the value f face-t-face engagement. T fster meaningful relatinships and t preserve the sanctity f ur interactins, we ught t cultivate the art f presence. When in the cmpany f lved nes, we shuld stw away ur phnes and immerse urselves in the richness f the mment.
In cnclusin, while mbile phnes are a testament t human ingenuity, they shuld nt becme the arbiters f ur scial lives. Let us use them as tls t enhance ur experiences, nt as substitutes fr the authentic human tuch. After all, it is the warmth f a shared meal, the depth f a heartfelt cnversatin, and the jy f a shared laugh that truly nurishes the sul.
This refined cmpsitin emplys a sphisticated lexicn and a diverse array f sentence structures, including metaphrical language and a direct appeal t the reader, t address the impact f mbile phnes n interpersnal relatinships.
在这篇范文中，我们可以看到多种高级句型和修辞手法的运用，这些技巧不仅增强了文章的表达力，也提升了其说服力。以下是对文中一些高分句型的解析和可能的拓展：
1. 高分句型1： "This scene is a micrcsm f a brader scietal trend where digital devices ften supplant genuine human interactin, leading t a state f alienatin."
- 解析： 这句话使用了比喻（"a micrcsm" 表示“微观世界”），将图片中的场景比作社会趋势的一个缩影，强调了手机对人际关系的影响。
- 拓展： "Just as a single drp can reflect the sun, this image mirrrs the pervasive impact f technlgy n ur scial fabric."
2. 高分句型2： "The prliferatin f smartphnes has ushered in an era where cnnectivity knws n bunds."
- 解析： 这里使用了拟人（"cnnectivity knws n bunds"），赋予了“连通性”以生命，强调了智能手机带来的无限连接。
- 拓展： "The ubiquity f smartphnes has catapulted us int an epch f bundless intercnnectivity, redefining the cnturs f ur scial landscape."
3. 高分句型3： "Hwever, this cnvenience cmes at a cst."
- 解析： 这句话简洁而深刻，指出了便利性背后的牺牲。
- 拓展： "Yet, this facade f cnvenience cnceals a mre prfund sacrifice, the ersin f authentic human bnds."
4. 高分句型4： "The cuple in the image, ptentially nce bund by shared experiences and cnversatins, nw finds their attentin riveted t the glw f their screens."
- 解析： 使用了对比（"nce bund... nw finds"），突出了过去与现在的差异，强调了手机对关系的冲击。
- 拓展： "Once united by the threads f shared stries and laughter, the cuple is nw ensnared by the luminescence f their screens, a stark cntrast t their frmer unity."
5. 高分句型5： "It is imperative that we strike a balance."
- 解析： 使用了强调（"imperative"），强调了找到平衡的重要性。
- 拓展： "Urgently, we must navigate the delicate balance between the digital and the tangible, ensuring that technlgy serves as an enhancer, nt a barrier, t ur human cnnectins."
6. 高分句型6： "Let us use them as tls t enhance ur experiences, nt as substitutes fr the authentic human tuch."
- 解析： 这句话使用了祈使句（"Let us..."），直接向读者发出呼吁，强调了手机的正确使用方式。
- 拓展： "May we wield these devices as cnduits fr enriching ur lives, rather than allwing them t supplant the irreplaceable warmth f human cntact."
通过这些句型的解析和拓展，我们可以看到如何通过使用高级词汇、复杂句式和修辞手法来提升文章的质量和深度。这些技巧对于写作高分作文至关重要。
在这篇范文中，使用了一系列高级词汇来增强文章的表达和说服力。以下是一些关键的高级词汇及其含义：
Alienated (疏远的) - 描述人们因为过度使用手机而与他人疏远的状态。
Sumptuus (豪华的) - 形容食物的丰盛和精美。
Interpersnal (人际的) - 与人与人之间的关系有关。
Prliferatin (激增) - 描述智能手机数量的快速增长。
Cnnectivity (连通性) - 指设备之间的连接能力。
bundless (无界限的) - 强调连通性没有限制。
Addicted (上瘾的) - 描述人们对智能手机的依赖。
Side effects (副作用) - 指过度使用手机可能带来的负面影响。
Imperative (必要的) - 强调找到平衡的重要性。
Artifice (手段) - 在这里指手机作为增强体验的工具。
Substitutes (替代品) - 强调手机不应成为人际交往的替代品。
Authentic (真实的) - 描述真实的人际关系。
Nurishes (滋养) - 描述人际关系对精神的滋养作用。
Ubiquity (普遍存在) - 强调智能手机的无处不在。
Catapulted (弹射，推动) - 描述智能手机如何推动我们进入一个新时代。
这些高级词汇不仅丰富了文章的词汇，也使得文章的表达更加精确和有力。在写作中适当使用这些词汇可以提升文章的档次，使读者对作者的论点有更深的印象。
(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was twenty then, teaching a class f thirty students in Trnt including Mike, a 10-year-ld street kid. Having lst his father and mther, he lived with a mentally-disturbed grandmther.↳
He was always hungry, s each day I’d take him fr breakfast befre class. Each nn after I shared my lunch with him, I taught him new skills—using a micrscpe, cnstructing a camera etc.
One day Mike tld me f his dream. Mst kids in the class wanted t be dctrs, teachers r sme such thing, but nt Mike! His desire was t be a gangster (强盗)! And he was serius abut it.
I believed all children had a gift fr what he wanted t be. If he wanted t be a gangster, I’d d all I culd t help him becme the very best “gangster”.
I had a plan. Every Saturday after we had breakfast, I tk him t the Law Library f the city. I explained t him a gd gangster had t knw smething abut criminal law, and reading up n law was the nly way t learn. His yung mind was interested, and he dve in.
That was hw we spent each Saturday mrning that year. I’d drp him ff at the law library. Three hurs later, I’d return, pick him up fr lunch and after a review f his mrning’s wrk, take him hme.
The fllwing year I taught in anther schl far away, which prevented me cntinuing t participate physically with him n Saturday mrnings. But I prvided him with public transprtatin tickets s he culd keep up his regular study at the library.
Later I gt married and mved t Lndn. Sadly, and t my great regret, I lst cntact with Mike.
Years passed. I ften thught f him, wndering what had becme f him. Then, ne day, I was back in Trnt n business, lking up the number f a frmer clleague in the telephne directry, and there, Mike’s name as part f a title f “JUDGES and LAWYERS” danced ff the page int my eyes.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
I wndered, “Culd it be him?”
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When we were able t get tgether, he tld me his rad t the law.
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例文:
I wndered, “Culd it be him?” The name was as familiar as a lng-lst meldy, stirring a whirlwind f emtins. With a heart punding in my chest, I dialed the number, the digits dancing beneath my trembling fingers. The line cnnected, and a vice, rich with the resnance f years past, answered. It was Mike, the by wh had nce been a part f my daily rhythm, nw a man, his vice steady yet filled with an undercurrent f gratitude. We exchanged wrds, a fldgate f memries and emtins, and arranged t meet.
When we were able t get tgether, he tld me his rad t the law. Over a cup f cffee, the arma f which transprted us back t the days when we were bth yunger, Mike narrated his jurney. The Law Library had been his sanctuary, a secnd hme where he had fund slace in the pages f justice and rder. His dedicatin t learning criminal law had been unwavering, a beacn f his determinatin t refrm. He spke f the nights he spent pring ver legal tmes, the days he argued in mck trials, and his dreams that were nw a reality. He had becme a paragn f the very justice he had nce nly read abut, a judge, a guardian f the law, a symbl f hpe fr thse wh, like his yunger self, yearned t dream against the dds.
His tale was a narrative f triumph, a chrnicle f the indmitable spirit f a by wh, guided by a mentr's unwavering belief, had scaled the heights f success. It was a testament t the pwer f educatin, the impact f mentrship, and the resilience f the human will. As we sat there, I realized that my rle had been but a catalyst in his jurney, and Mike's wn reslve had been the fire that had lit his path.
在这篇范文中，我们可以看到多种高级句型和修辞手法的运用，这些技巧不仅丰富了文章的内容，也增强了其表达效果。以下是对文中一些高分句型的解析和可能的拓展：
1. "With a heart punding in my chest, I dialed the number, the digits dancing beneath my trembling fingers."
-解析：这句话使用了形象生动的比喻（"heart punding" 和 "digits dancing"），传达了紧张和期待的情绪。
-拓展："As my pulse raced with anticipatin, each number I pressed seemed t ech with the fervr f a thusand hpes."
2. "The line cnnected, and a vice, rich with the resnance f years past, answered."
-解析：这里使用了拟人化（"vice, rich with the resnance"），赋予声音以深度和历史感。
-拓展："The cnnectin was established, and the vice n the ther end, laden with the eches f bygne eras, respnded with a depth that transcended time."
3. "He had becme a paragn f the very justice he had nce nly read abut, a judge, a guardian f the law, a symbl f hpe fr thse wh, like his yunger self, learned t dream against the dds."
-解析：这句话通过一系列并列的名词短语（"a paragn f justice", "a judge", "a guardian f the law"）强调了Mike的成就。
-拓展："He had ascended t becme an emblem f righteusness, a beacn f legal integrity, and a testament t the transfrmative pwer f aspiratin against adversity."
4. "His tale was a narrative f triumph, a chrnicle f the indmitable spirit f a by wh, guided by a mentr's unwavering belief, had scaled the heights f success."
-解析：这句话使用了复杂的名词结构（"a narrative f triumph", "a chrnicle f the indmitable spirit"）来描述Mike的故事。
-拓展："His jurney was an epic f victry, a saga that bre witness t the unyielding reslve f a sul, nurtured by the steadfast faith f a guide, reaching the pinnacle f achievement."
高级词汇总结：
-Familiar(熟悉的)
-Meldy(旋律)
-Trembling(颤抖的)
-Fervr(热情)
-Resnance(抵抗)
-Catalyst(催化剂)
-Chrnicle(记录)
-Epemic(宏大的)
-Reverence(回响)
-Unwavering(坚定的)
-Ascent(上升)
-Pinnacle(顶峰)
-Metamrphsis(转变)
这些高级词汇和句型不仅提升了文章的语言水平，也加深了读者对文章主题和情感的理解。在写作中适当运用这些词汇和句型，可以有效地提升文章的质量和影响力。
本题要求考生根据给定材料续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。这不仅考察了考生的阅读理解能力，还考察了其创造性写作技巧。以下是对题目的详细分析：
题目要求：
1. 续写词数：约150词，要求考生在有限的字数内完整表达思想。
2. 段落开头语：提供了两段的开头语，为考生的写作提供了方向。
3. 文笔要求：文笔好，用词高级，句式和修辞手法多样，这要求考生展示其语言运用的熟练度和创造性。
材料分析：
- 背景：故事发生在多伦多，涉及一位20岁的教师和一名10岁的街头孩子Mike。
- 人物：教师和Mike，后者失去了父母，与精神不稳定的祖母同住。
- 情节：教师每天带Mike吃早餐，教他新技能，发现Mike想成为强盗的梦想后，决定引导他学习法律。
- 发展：教师制定了计划，带Mike去市法律图书馆学习，后因工作变动和个人生活变化与Mike失去联系。
- 高潮：多年后，教师在多伦多偶然发现Mike的名字出现在“法官和律师”的名单上。
续写段落开头语分析：
1. "I wndered, “Culd it be him?”"：这个开头语暗示了教师对Mike身份的怀疑和希望，为续写段落设定了情感基调。
2. "When we were able t get tgether, he tld me his rad t the law."：这个开头语表明了两人重逢的场景，为Mike讲述自己如何走上法律道路的故事铺垫。
续写段落内容建议：
- 第一段：可以描述教师对Mike身份的确认过程，以及他们重逢时的情感交流。可以运用比喻、拟人等修辞手法，增强情感表达。
- 第二段：Mike讲述自己如何从街头孩子成长为法律专业人士的过程。这里可以详细描述他在图书馆的学习经历，以及教师的影响如何激励他追求正义。