备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION（Word版附解析），共21页。
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. melt vi.& vt.（使）融化；熔化；软化
2. release vt.& n.排放；释放；发布
3. fuel n.燃料；刺激性言行 vt.给……提供燃料；加强；刺激
4. wrldwide adv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的
5. trend n.趋势；趋向
6. bradcast vt.& vi.（过去式 bradcast ；过去分词 bradcast ）播送；广播n.广播节目
7. plicy n.政策；方针；原则
8. seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制
9. refrm vi.& vt.改革n.改革
10. underg vt.（过去式 underwent ；过去分词 undergne ）经历；经受（变化、不快等）
11. restre vt.恢复；使复原；修复
12. dzen n.（一）打；十二个
13. fine vt.对……处以罚款
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. starve vi.& vt.（使）挨饿；饿死→ starvatin n.饥饿；挨饿；饿死→ starving adj.极饿的
2. eclgy n.生态；生态学→ eclgist n.生态学家→ eclgical adj.生态的；生态学的
3. sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→ sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的
4.cmprehend vi.& vt.理解；包括→ cmprehensin n.理解；包括→ cmprehensive adj.全部的；所有的；综合性的；详尽的
5. frequent adj.经常的；频繁的→ frequently adv.频繁地；经常→ frequency n.频繁
6. restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→ restrictin n.限制规定；限制法规；约束→restricted adj.受限制的；保密的→restrictive adj.限制性的；约束的
7. harmny n.融洽；和谐→ harmnius adj.和谐的
8. submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→ submissin n.提交；呈递；屈服→submissive adj.顺从的
9. annual adj.每年的；一年的n.年刊；年鉴→ annually adv.每年；一年一次地
10. sense n.感觉；理解力→ sensible adj.明智的；合理的→senseless adj.无意义的；失去知觉的→ sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→insensitive adj.不敏感的；不在乎的；麻木的
11. smg n.烟雾（烟与雾混合的空气污染物）→ smggy adj.烟雾弥漫的
12. cnserve vt.保护→ cnservatin n.对（环境、文物等）保护；保持→ cnservative adj.保守的
13. inspect vt.检查；视察→ inspectin n.检查；查看；视察→ inspectr n.检查员；视察员
14. tlerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→tlerance n.容忍；宽容→ tlerable adj.可容忍的→ tlerant adj.容忍的；宽容的
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.graph n. 图；图表；曲线图
2.emissin n. 排放物；散发物；排放
3.fssil n. 化石
4.ftprint n. 足迹；（某物所占的）空间量；面积
5.trpical adj. 热带的；来自热带的
6.chas n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱
7.nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的
8.jungle n. （热带）丛林；密林
9.vlume n. 量；体积；（成套书籍中的）一卷
10.enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. have an impact n 对……有影响
2. cause damage t 对……造成伤害
3. lead t 导致
4. take actin/measures 采取行动/措施
5. in search f 寻找
6. die ut 灭亡
7. n behalf f 代表/代替某人
8. end up 最终；结果
9. dzens f 许多
10. in effect 在实施中；实际上
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1. There is little dubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer .（There is little dubt that...）
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越暖。
2. Withut this prcess， Earth culd nt sustain life .（withut引起的虚拟语气）
没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。
3. There is strng and cmprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led t an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters wrldwide， nt nly causing serius damage， but als csting human lives .（that引导的同位语从句；nt als...）
有强有力并且全面的证据表明，气温上升已导致全球极端天气和自然灾害增加，不仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人类生命损失。
4.Previusly， water quality in the Li River had suffered greatly frm an increasing vlume f turists， many f whm frequently threw garbage int the river . （"代词＋f＋whm"引导的非限制性定语从句）
此前，漓江的水质因游客数量增加而受到严重破坏，许多游客频繁将垃圾扔入江中。
5.Water pllutin levels increased， with mre husehld and cmmercial waste ending up in the river .（"with＋宾语＋现在分词"构成的复合结构）
随着越来越多的家庭和商业废水流入河流，水污染程度增加。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Carbn dixide is released thrugh human activities such as burning fssil fuels， as well as natural prcesses such as vlcanic eruptins.
2.It is warned that this warming trend will becme wrse if we d nt take apprpriate measures.
3.An increase in average temperature by nly a few degrees culd cause envirnmental prblems wrldwide .
4.The cncert will be bradcast live n televisin and radi tmrrw evening.
5.The present gvernment’s plicy n educatin tries t include every child.
6.The law needs t be refrmed since it is nt suitable any mre with the develpment f the cuntry.
7.Students seized the pprtunity t enjy themselves in nature.
8.Sme children underg a cmplete transfrmatin when they becme teenagers.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.After the earthquake， sme starving peple trapped in ruins died f starvatin at last.（starve）
2.The gvernment tries t build a harmnius sciety， where peple can live harmniusly with thers.（harmny）
3.The cnsultant was a frequent visitr t this cmpany in the last mnth. Therefre， emplyees saw him in manager’s ffice frequently . Hwever， the frequency has decreased a lt this week. Maybe the prblem has been slved.（frequent）
4.The cmpany is ttally sustained by its spare mney， and is bund t g int bankruptcy withut a sustainable system in the mnths ahead.（sustain）
5.T cnserve wildlife， ur gvernment tries its best t raise public awareness f wildlife cnservatin . At a cnservative estimate， hundreds f species have been saved frm distinctin.（cnserve）
6.A grup f inspectrs are abut t inspect ur schl， and then they will make a judgment accrding t their inspectin .（inspect）
7.My best friend’s parents are very tlerant twards her chices as lng as they are tlerable ， but smetimes she pushes them t far.（tlerate）
8. Eclgists believe that the system is bth practical and eclgically sund.（eclgy）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
have an impact ntake measuresdie ut
n behalf fdzens f
1.Our gvernment is attempting t take measures t prevent and cntrl air pllutin.
2. Dzens f vlunteers have been assigned t dispse f the garbage since last week.
3. On behalf f the staff， I wish t extend ur warmest welcme t yu.
4.Micrplastics have becme ne f the mst pressing glbal envirnmental issues， which have an impact n the climate and envirnment.
5.One f the questins under debate is whether traditinal technlgy and methds are bund t die ut when a cuntry begins t develp mdern science and technlgy.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.毋庸置疑，汽车排放物已经成为一个大问题，尤其是在城市里。（There is little dubt that...）
There is little dubt that car emissins have becme a big prblem， especially in cities.
2.没有严格的政策和有效的措施，中国就不可能在环境保护方面取得如此巨大的成就。（withut引起的虚拟语气）
Withut strict plicies and effective measures/steps， China culdn’t have made such great achievements in envirnmental prtectin .
3.有证据表明动植物对气候很敏感。（that引导的同位语从句）
There is evidence that animals and plants are sensitive t climate .
4.作为中国的首都，北京不仅有悠久的历史，还是一个现代化的城市。（nt als...）
As the capital f China， Beijing nt nly has a lng histry， but als is a mdern city .
5.30名参赛者将参加，每人需要发表3至5分钟的演讲。（"代词＋f＋whm"引导的非限制性定语从句）
Thirty cmpetitrs will take part， each f whm is required t deliver a speech f 3 t 5 minutes .
6.随着暑假的临近，似乎每个人都在忙着做假期计划。（"with ＋ 宾语 ＋ 现在分词"构成的复合结构）
With the summer hlidays appraching ， it seems that everybdy is busy making hliday plans.
1.Earth is getting warmer， which is a plitically sensitive issue causing many creatures acrss the wrld t have starved r even died， accrding t sme bradcasts. Fr this phenmenn， the "greenhuse effect" is t blame. Naturally， when the heat frm the earth is released back int space， greenhuse gases in the atmsphere trap sme， keeping Earth’s climate in a harmnius way t sustain life. Hwever， human activities like burning fssil fuels prduce t many greenhuse gases， which cause a rise in temperature n Earth. Luckily， gvernments wrldwide are planning refrms and cmprehensive plicies t restrict greenhuse gas emissins， alng with the effrts f enterprises and the public.
2.Nbdy can tlerate living in a ht pt. There is n dubt that mankind has t submit t sme urgent prblems — the warming trend f Earth and the cnsequent prblems like the melting ice， frequent extreme weather and eclgical chas. There is s much we must d and we can d. We， as individuals， can reduce ur "carbn ftprint" in dzens f ways. On behalf f the yung， I will seize every pprtunity t play a rle in the envirnmental cnservatin campaign.
1 restrict vt.限制，限定（limit）；束缚；妨碍；约束
1.[译林选必②－3]Shuld we restrict ur use f this technlgy t the treatment and preventin f diseases？
2.[译林选必④－2]In fact， there have never been any frmal academic restrictins n new brrwed wrds.
3.Only a restricted （restrict） range f enterprises were fund in an inspectin t recycle carbn dixide instead f releasing it directly int the air.
4.I restrict myself t playing with my cellphne half an hur a day （限制自己每天只玩半小时手机）.
中t为介词，其后只能跟名词、代词、动名词。
5.An increasing number f peple nly stay at hme all day lng because f their addictin t thse electrnic devices.
→It is the addictin t thse electrnic devices that restricts an increasing number f peple t staying at hme all day lng.（强调句型）
2 seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制；扣押；（情绪）侵袭
1.突然，她向前冲去，在门前抓住了母亲的手臂。（读后续写之动作描写）
All f a sudden， she charged frward and seized her mther by the arm/seized her mther’s arm in frnt f the dr.
2.我强烈建议你们抓住每一个机会去减少碳足迹。
I strngly recmmend （that） yu （shuld） seize every pprtunity t reduce yur carbn ftprint.
3.听了这个坏消息，她感到一阵悲伤，忍不住痛哭。（读后续写之情绪描写）
Upn hearing the bad news， she was seized by/with （a burst f） sadness and culdn’t help crying bitterly.
3 submit vt.& vi.（submitted， submitted， submitting）提交；呈递；屈服；被迫接受
1.Papers n eclgy submitted （submit） after the deadline will be cnsidered late and receive lwer grades.
2.She had t submit herself t listening （listen） t his cntinuus cmplaints abut his schl plicy fr there was n ne else in the rm.
中t为介词，其后只能跟名词、代词、动名词作宾语。
3.When is the final date fr the submissin （submit） f ur prpsals？
4.尽管在日常生活中我经历了许多挑战和困难，我坚决不屈服于它们。
Even if I underwent many challenges and hardships in daily life， I was determined nt t submit （myself） t them .
5.如果你对这个职位感兴趣，请于12月28日之前提交申请至校办公室。（通知）
If yu’re interested in the psitin， please submit yur applicatin t the schl ffice befre 28th December.
4 sensitive adj.敏感的，易生气的；善解人意的；灵敏的；过敏的
4.[北师必修②－6]Empathy means yu try t put yurself in thers’ shes and be aware f and sensitive t their feelings.
5.他很敏感，而且相当严肃，生活中很少有朋友和他交流。（人物介绍）
He’s sensitive and rather serius ， with few friends in his life t cmmunicate with.
5 tlerate vt.忍受（put up with）；包容；容许
1.I can’t tlerate his thrwing （thrw） garbage everywhere any mre！ The dispsal is s hard.
2.[译林选必①－4]This pen and tlerant （tlerate） atmsphere allwed Li Bai the liberty t develp a free and uncnstrained persnality， which， in turn， had a huge impact n his petic prductin.
3.她没有责备孩子，而是对他宽容地笑了笑，轻轻拍了拍他的肩膀。（读后续写之神态、动作描写）
Instead f blaming the child， she gave him a tlerant smile and patted him n the shulder.
6 n behalf f代表（代替）；为了；为帮助
1.我很高兴代表我们学校邀请你观看主题为"自然爱好者"的表演。（邀请信）
→① On behalf f ur schl/On ur schl’s behalf ， I’m delighted t invite yu t watch the perfrmance themed "Nature lvers".（n behalf f）
→② Representing ur schl ， I’m delighted t invite yu t watch the perfrmance themed " Nature lvers".（represent）
2.众所周知，在中国传统文化中，红色代表幸福和吉祥。（中国文化）
As is knwn t us all， red stands fr/represents happiness and luck in traditinal Chinese culture.
这里的"代表"为"象征"之意，可用stand fr/represent，而不可用n behalf f；表示"代表……的利益，作为……的代言人"时可用n behalf f/represent。
7 dzens f许多；很多
1.[人教必修③－1]The newly married cuple received dzens （dzen） f letters f cngratulatin frm their friends.
2.[人教选必③－4]I tried t phne yu this mrning. I must have tried a dzen times （time） befre I caught yu here.
3.By this mrning， 9 peple have been cnfirmed dead and dzens f peple are （be） still missing.
4.我们有二十几名同学报名参加了比赛。
Tw dzen f ur classmates entered fr the cntest.
dzen后跟us，them，yu这几个代词，或其后的复数名词受these/thse/the/my/名词所有格等修饰时，dzen后必须加f，表示"部分与整体"的关系。
8 There is little/n dubt that...几乎没有/毫无疑问……
1.[人教选必④－4]T be hnest， I dubt whether/if I’m making any difference t these bys’ lives at all.
2.[外研选必②－6]There is n dubt that humankind is drawn twards Mars， with dreams f making it ur secnd hme.
3.毫无疑问，智能手机使我们与同学和家人的交流变得更加容易。
→① Withut dubt smartphnes make it easier fr us t cmmunicate with ur classmates and family. （介词短语）
→② Undubtedly ， smartphnes make it easier fr us t cmmunicate with ur classmates and family.（副词）
→③ There is n dubt that/N dubt （that） smartphnes make it easier fr us t cmmunicate with ur classmates and family.（从句）
9 withut引起的虚拟语气
1.[北师选必①－3]没有森林，我们就没有呼吸的空气；没有干净的水，我们就无法生存。
Withut frests， we wuld have n air t breathe ， and withut clean water we wuld/shuld/culd be unable t survive .
2.如果没有你及时的帮助，我的英语口语就不会有很快的进步。（感谢信）
Withut yur timely help， I wuld/shuld/culd nt have made rapid prgress in my ral English.
3."要是我没有睡着就好了！"他充满了内疚和遗憾。
" If nly I hadn’t fallen asleep ！" He was filled with guilt and regret.（if nly）
4.那位陌生人耐心地把他带到画廊。否则，他就会错过这次展览。
The stranger patiently guided him t the gallery. Otherwise， he culd/shuld/wuld have missed the exhibitin . （therwise）
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配、易错动词变形
1.[2023新高考Ⅰ]Cycling is the mst ecnmical， sustainable （sustain） and fun way t explre the city， with its beautiful canals， parks， squares and cuntless lights.
2.[2023全国乙]Even thugh Britain has a reputatin fr less-than-impressive cuisine， it is prducing mre tp class chefs wh appear frequently （frequent） n ur televisin screens...
3.[2023全国乙]Ckery shws and dcumentaries abut fd are bradcast （bradcast） mre ften than befre.
4.[2021北京]Yu must shw prf f a cmprehensive （cmprehend） health insurance valid （有效的） in the target cuntry fr the entire perid f the internship.
句意：你必须出示在整个实习期间在目标国家有效的综合健康保险证明。
5.[2020浙江]T d this I have searched thrugh dzens （dzen） f plays t find the nes that I think best shw the pwer and purpse f the shrt play.
6.[天津高考]Submit a tpic prpsal t yur histry teacher. The teacher may require a secnd prpsal if the first is ff-tpic r unclear.
7.[江苏高考]But he is als wrking at a far mre fundamental level： his staff shw peple hw t make flating gardens and fish pnds t prevent starvatin （starve） during the wet seasn.
Ⅱ.阅读理解—— 一词多义、熟词生义
1.A. 音量B. 书C. 量，额
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]Adults are prtrayed（描绘） alne in many settings and pses — absrbed in a vlume， deep in thught r lst in a mment f leisure. B
②[2020北京]Fr example， algrithms（算法） carry ut huge vlumes f trading n ur financial markets， self-driving cars are appearing n city streets... C
③[北京高考]With TV Ears wireless technlgy， yu set yur wn headset vlume， while ther TV listeners hear the televisin at a vlume level that’s cmfrtable fr them. A
vlume还有"容量；（书籍的）卷，册"之意。如：
☆jars f different vlumes不同容量的罐子
☆the first vlume f his autbigraphy他自传的第一卷
☆a library f ver 50，000 vlumes藏书5万多册的图书馆
2.[2021北京]We’re nw building a clck at the Anchrage Museum that reflects the ttal flw f several majr Alaskan rivers， which are sensitive t lcal and glbal envirnmental changes. adj.灵敏的
这里说的是正在制作的表（clck）对当地及全球的环境变化很灵敏，能够反映阿拉斯加几条主要河流的总流量。
3.[北京高考]Climate change will fuel the grwth f phytplanktn in sme areas， while reducing it in ther spts， leading t changes in the cean’s appearance. v.刺激，增强
fuel作动词时，还有"给（交通工具）加油"之意，如：The plane was already fuelled （up） and ready t g.飞机已加好油，准备起飞。
fuel作名词时，还有个常见用法：add fuel t"（对……）火上浇油"。如：His remarks simply added fuel t the fire/flames f her anger.他的话只是给她的愤怒火上浇油。
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——环保宣传
[北京高考]假设你是红星中学高三一班的学生李华。你班同学参加了学校的"地球日"系列活动。请按照以下四幅图的先后顺序，以"Actins fr a Greener Earth"为题，给校刊"英语角"写一篇英文稿件，介绍活动的全过程。
提示词：地球日 Earth Day
◎写作要点
1.一年一度的"地球日"前一周，我们学校周围张贴了海报，呼吁我们加入全球行动，共同创造一个更加绿色的地球。（annual， wrldwide）
A week befre annual Earth Day， psters were put up arund ur schl， calling upn us t jin in the actins wrldwide fr a greener earth.
2.我们把旧衣物、纸板和空塑料瓶带到教室，把它们变成了许多娃娃、手袋、纸巾盒和小花瓶。（dzens f）
We brught t ur classrm wrn-ut clthes， pieces f cardbard and empty plastic bttles， and turned thse int dzens f dlls， handbags， tissue bxes and small vases.
3.那个周末，我们抓住机会去了附近的一个社区，把它们送了出去。（seize）
That weekend， we seized the pprtunity t visit a nearby neighbrhd and gave them away.
4.所有人都笑着收下了那些意想不到的礼物，一片和谐，尤其是小孩子和老人。（harmny）
All accepted thse unexpected gifts with big smiles in harmny， especially little kids and elderly peple.
5.我们做得非常好，以至于我们班长获邀代表班级向全校分享我们的想法和经历。（n behalf f）
We did s well that ur mnitr was invited t share ur ideas and experience n behalf f ur class with the whle schl.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
A week befre annual Earth Day， psters were put up arund ur schl， calling upn us t jin in the actins wrldwide fr a greener earth.
Our class came up with the idea f making better use f used materials. We brught t ur classrm wrn-ut clthes， pieces f cardbard and empty plastic bttles， and turned thse int dzens f dlls， handbags， tissue bxes and small vases. That weekend， we seized the pprtunity t visit a nearby neighbrhd and gave them away. All accepted thse unexpected gifts with big smiles in harmny， especially little kids and elderly peple. We did s well that ur mnitr was invited t share ur ideas and experience n behalf f ur class with the whle schl.
We are very prud f urselves and believe we can d mre fr a better wrld.
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之各种"看"
一、阅读理解
A
[生态环保/2023江西南昌一模]A new study suggests that pllutin f all kinds kills nearly 9 millin peple wrldwide each year. Air pllutin frm industrial prcesses and the expansin f cities accunted fr abut 75％ f the deaths， researchers fund. The study was based n examinatins f wrldwide death rates and pllutin levels.
The study separated traditinal pllutants frm mdern pllutants. Examples f traditinal pllutants are indr smke r waste water. Mdern pllutants include air pllutin frm vehicles r industrial activities and pisnus chemicals. The researchers fund that deaths frm traditinal pllutants are drpping wrldwide. But they remain a majr prblem in Africa and sme ther develping cuntries. In sme cuntries， state prgrams t cut indr air pllutin and imprvements in sanitatin（卫生设备） have helped reduce death rates. In Ethipia and Nigeria， fr example， such effrts cut deaths by tw-thirds between 2000 and 2019， the study fund.
Mdern kinds f pllutin are rising in mst cuntries， especially develping nes， the researchers said. Deaths caused by mdern pllutants — heavy metals， agricultural chemicals and carbn emissins — are "skyrcketing"， said study c-writer Rachael Kupka. She heads the New Yrk-based Glbal Alliance n Health and Pllutin. Kupka said deaths linked t mdern pllutants had risen by 66％ since 2000.
"Nine millin deaths are a lt f deaths，" Philip Landrigan tld the Assciated Press abut the study’s results. He is directr f the Glbal Public Health Prgram and Glbal Pllutin Observatry at Bstn Cllege in Massachusetts. "The bad news is that it’s nt decreasing，" Landrigan added."We’re making gains in the easy stuff， and we’re seeing the mre difficult stuff — utdr industrial air pllutin and chemical pllutin — still ging up."
The study makes several suggestins fr ways t cut the number f deaths. These include creating better recrding and reprting methds and strnger gvernment plicies t reduce pllutin linked t industrial activities and vehicle emissins.
"We abslutely knw hw t slve pllutin prblems，" said study c-authr Richard Fuller. "What’s missing is plitical will."
本文主要讲述了一项新的研究，该研究发现每年死于环境污染的人数众多，且现代化污染还在加剧。文章还提到了研究人员的一些相关看法和提议。
【词语积累】 expansin n.扩张，扩展，扩大，膨胀
accunt fr（数量、比例上）占 pisnus adj.有毒的
1.What can be learned frm the study abut pllutin？
A. Air pllutin killed 9 millin peple last year.
B. Cutting indr air pllutin is the best plicy.
C. Traditinal pllutin is very serius in Nigeria.
D. Traditinal pllutants cause less death than befre.
解析 D 细节理解题。由第二段中的"The researchers fund that deaths frm traditinal pllutants are drpping wrldwide"可知，世界范围内传统污染物造成的死亡人数在下降，换句话说，就是比以前少了，故D项正确。
2. What des the underlined wrd "skyrcketing" in paragraph 3 prbably mean？
A. Imprving.B. Increasing.
C. Reducing.D. Wrsening.
解析 B 词义猜测题。由画线词后的"deaths linked t mdern pllutants had risen 66％ since 2000"可知，现代化污染物造成的死亡人数在上升，故B项与画线词在意思上最为接近。
3. What can be inferred frm Philip Landrigan’s wrds？
A. It is easy t fight mdern pllutin.
B. Outdr air pllutin is decreasing.
C. Mdern pllutin still cncerns peple.
D. It is hard t tell the reasns fr pllutin.
解析 C 推理判断题。由第四段中Philip Landrigan所说的话可知，900万的死亡人数是一个很大的数字，且还存在更麻烦的事物——户外工业空气污染和化学污染还在增加。由第二段第三句话可知，两者均为现代化污染，所以此处是说现代化污染还在加剧。据此可以推断，Philip Landrigan认为现代化污染仍在困扰着人们，故C项正确。
4. What might be talked abut in the paragraph that fllws？
A. Methds t reduce pllutin.
B. The gvernment’s respnse t pllutin.
C. Suggestins fr industrial activities.
D. The damage caused by vehicle emissins.
解析 B 推理判断题。由最后一段中的"What’s missing is plitical will"和行文逻辑可以推断，最后一段既然提到了现在还缺乏政治意愿，那么接下来应该会讲到政策（政府）方面对污染的回应，故B项正确。
B
[2024安徽六校开学测试]This 3-mile stretch f sand and tide pls beneath a frtress f 80-ft bluffs is a Califrnia turism pster if there ever was ne. Nthing disturbs the perfect， sunny view， except — nce yu ntice them — micrplastic particles. But yu have t lk clse — n-yur-hands-and-knees clse — t see ne. And nce yu d， yu see anther and anther — s many that yu may nt think f this， r any beach， in the same way again. These tiny preprductin plastic balls that manufacturers melt dwn t frm everything have been escaping factries， cntainer ships， trains， trucks and public ntice fr decades.
The 2-t 3-millimeter multiclred balls are a subset（子集） f micrplastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size. Micrplastic particles accumulate where water takes them， and they’ve been fund n shrelines f every cntinent.
Mark McReynlds is an envirnmental scientist wh’s nw jined a glbal mvement studying their trail int the envirnment. Establishing a baseline cunt f the presence f micrplastic particles — and， mre bradly， any micrplastics — is the fcus f Dr McReynlds’ scientific study here. Charting the cunt and nting tide， current and weather cnditins will shw if amunts are increasing， and perhaps at what rate and why. That knwledge， he says， can infrm slutins t plastic pllutin such as regulatin f their use.
"What are yu ding？ Picking up trash？" asks a steady stream f beach walkers whenever Dr McReynlds’ crew walks nt the beach and sets up equipment. These are teachable mments fr Dr McReynlds.
One recent mrning he tld sme beach walkers hw micrplastic particles are believed t absrb txic chemicals， and — because they resemble fish eggs — are eaten by fish and birds and enter the fd chain. Almst right n time， a seagull hpped up t a plastic-cated pht f micrplastic particles and hungrily pecked（啄食） at it.
Will his wrk help save the wrld？ Dr McReynlds waves a finger at that idea， "I wn’t ever use that wrd —I wn’t save the wrld frm this pllutin prblem. Prtect it， yes. We want t take care f it."
微塑料颗粒因为体积小，很久以来一直被人类忽视，但其实它们对地球生物有着极其可怕的影响。为了更好地保护地球，环境科学家McReynlds以及他的团队正在进行一项研究。
【词语积累】 particle n.颗粒 melt dwn熔化
accumulate v.堆积，积聚，积累 establish v.确定，建立
resemble v.看起来像
【熟词生义】 1.escape 常用义：v. 逃跑 文中义：v. 被忽视
2.chart 常用义：n. 图表 文中义：v. 记录，跟踪
1. What can we knw abut micrplastic particles frm paragraph 1？
A. They are t small t be seen.
B. They are prducts f plastic balls.
C. They have been ignred fr lng.
D. They can be made int almst nthing.
解析 C 细节理解题。由第一段中的"These tiny preprductin plastic been ntice fr decades"可知，本题选C项。
2. What des Dr McReynlds fcus n in his study？
A. Classifying plastic particles int subsets.
B. Finding slutins t plastic pllutin.
C. Charting the tides and currents f ceans.
D. Getting t knw the basic amunts f micrplastics.
解析 D 细节理解题。由第三段的"Establishing a baseline McReynlds’ scientific study here"可知，本题选D项。
3. What des a seagull’s pecking at the picture prve？
A. The interesting teachable mments.
B. The harmful effect f micrplastic particles.
C. The spread f pisnus chemicals.
D. The beauty f the pht f micrplastic particles.
解析 B 推理判断题。由倒数第二段的"hw micrplastic particles are pecked（啄食） at it"可知，微塑料颗粒会吸收有毒的化学物质，且因为它们看上去像鱼卵，它们会被鱼类和鸟类吃掉，从而进入食物链。结合以上信息不难推知，海鸥的举动正好说明了微塑料颗粒的危害，故选B项。
4. What des Dr McReynlds expect f his wrk？
A. T inspire the public.
B. T test slutins.
C. T preserve the earth.
D. T save the wrld.
解析 C 细节理解题。由最后一段的"I wn’t save the wrld frm this pllutin prblem. Prtect it， yes. We want t take care f it"可知，本题选C项。
二、完形填空
[2024福建福州一测]The amunt and scale（规模） f envirnmental issues may seem t much fr rdinary peple. But with hard wrk and determinatin， anyne can 1 great things.
One such persn is Yin Yuzhen. At a yung age， Yin mved t Inner Mnglia t live with her husband in the desert. She felt 2 . T cheer herself up and imprve the 3 envirnment， Yin began planting trees t take 4 back frm the desert. "I wuld rather die f 5 frm fighting the sand than be buried by it！" she said. The cuple had t travel n ft， ding 6 by hand. At first， many trees did nt survive， 7 ver the years， she learnt frm her 8 ，discvering the best plants and methds t use t successfully plant a 9 in the desert. Over mre than three decades， they have planted ver 300，000 trees. It has been said f Yin： "She is a symbl f curage， patience， and 10 . Her wrk in greening the desert deserves universal 11 ."
It is withut any dubt 12 t see a clear example f hw the prblem f desertificatin can be dealt with. 13 may seem small and insignificant， yet ver time they 14 tgether t becme great achievements. A jurney f 1，000 miles begins with a single step and the will t 15 . Take yur first step. Plant yur first tree.
殷玉珍年轻的时候前往内蒙古和丈夫在沙漠生活，为了振奋精神、改善艰苦环境，她和丈夫开始种树。虽然刚开始树的成活率不高，但他们逐渐取得了成功。30多年来，他们总共种了30多万棵树。
1. A. turnB. stre
C. achieveD. prmise
解析 C 结合下文讲述的事迹和常识可知，此处说的是"只要努力、有决心，任何人都可以实现（achieve）伟大的事业"，故选C项。
2. A. lnelyB. nervus
C. freeD. well
解析 A 由空前的"At a yung age， Yin mved t Inner Mnglia t live with her husband in the desert"和常识可知，一个年轻姑娘孤身前往内蒙古和丈夫在沙漠生活，应该会感到孤独（lnely）。
3. A. friendlyB. changing
C. quietD. tugh
解析 D 由常识和殷玉珍夫妇种树的举动可知，殷玉珍想改变沙漠里艰苦的（tugh）环境。
4. A. airB. land
C. fdD. energy
解析 B 由常识可知，在沙漠里种树是为了从沙漠那里夺回土地（land）。
5. A. sicknessB. emptiness
C. tirednessD. sadness
解析 C 殷玉珍宁可种树累死（die f tiredness）也不愿被沙土掩埋。
6. A. everythingB. smething
C. nthingD. anything
解析 A 殷玉珍夫妇出行靠走，一切事情（everything）都要靠手去做。
7. A. rB. and
C. sD. but
解析 D 所填词表示转折关系，故用but。
8. A. failureB. feelings
C. determinatinD. dreams
解析 A 殷玉珍从失败（failure）中吸取了经验。
9. A. gardenB. frest
C. seedD. crp
解析 B 由"they have planted ver 300，000 trees"可知，她用最好的植物和方法成功地在沙漠里种出了一片森林（frest）。
10. A. frtuneB. hnesty
C. harmnyD. perseverance
解析 D 结合殷玉珍所做的事可知，本题选D，perseverance表示"毅力，不屈不挠的精神"。frtune命运，机会；hnesty诚实，正直；harmny融洽，和睦。
11. A. rganizatinB. truth
C. respectD. methd
解析 C 由常识可知，30多年来靠双手在沙漠中种出一片森林是值得大家尊重（respect）的。
12. A. interestingB. challenging
C. relaxingD. inspiring
解析 D 由上文中讲到的殷玉珍种树的故事可以看出，这样的努力是很激励人心的（inspiring）。interesting有趣的；challenging有挑战性的；relaxing令人放松的，轻松的。
13. A. ActinsB. Chices
C. PrmisesD. Events
解析 A 行动（Actins）可能看起来微不足道，无关紧要，但随着时间的推移，它们结合（jin）在一起，那就是伟大的成就。
14. A. standB. jin
C. getD. put
解析 B 参见上题解析。
15. A. argueB. survive
C. cntinueD. believe
解析 C 此处指的是"继续（cntinue）下去的意志"。
三、语法填空
[生态环保/2024天星原创]In Guatemala， envirnmental wrkers have set up a steel net 1 a dirty river t try t trap plastics and ther pllutants. The tw ends f the net 2 （fix） n the tw sides f the river. The Ocean Cleanup， a nn-prfit grup 3 （base） in the Netherlands， is leading the effrt n the Las Vacas River in Guatemala City. The envirnmental grup uses the 4 （equip） specially made t catch and remve pllutants frm the water， 5 aim is t stp the flw f plastics and ther pllutin befre they enter the cean.
The 6 （rain） seasn in Guatemala begins in May and lasts fr several mnths. Levels f pllutin in the river are relatively 7 （high） during the rains. And The Ocean Cleanup is sparing n effrt 8 （blck） much f the pllutin. The net has caught s many pllutants that ne part f it lks bent. The next step in 9 prcess is t clear the pllutants frm the net. The envirnmentalists 10 （test） t find the best way t set up and use the barrier at the mment. "We will cntinue t evaluate variables（变量） such as net height， net size， and fundatin security during this pilt perid in Guatemala，" the grup said.
在危地马拉，环保工作者利用钢丝网截留河流中的污染物。
1.acrss 考查介词。由下文中的"The tw ends f the sides f the river"可知，此处应填acrss（从……的一边到另一边）。
2.are fixed 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时；fix与主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；主语是复数，谓语动词也应用复数，故填are fixed。
3.based 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处填非谓语动词。base在此为及物动词，意为"把（总部等）设在"，与a nn-prfit grup是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填based。
4.equipment 考查名词。由空前的"uses the"可知，此处应用不可数名词equipment。
5.whse 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作定语，表示所属关系，故填whse。
6.rainy 考查形容词。空处应用形容词作定语，故填rainy。the rainy seasn表示"雨季"。
7.higher 考查形容词的比较级。此处暗含两个时期的比较（雨季与非雨季相比），应用比较级，故填higher。
8.t blck 考查非谓语动词。spare n effrt t d sth.为固定搭配，故填t blck。
9.the 考查冠词。此处特指拦截并清理水中的污染物整个过程，故填定冠词the。
10.are testing 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。此处表示当前正在进行的主动动作，且主语表示复数意义，故填are testing。★将……限定在……内
restrict neself/sb. t （ding） sth.限制自己/某人只做某事
★restricted adj.有限的；保密的
be restricted t...限于……
★restrictin n.限制规定；限制法规；约束
withut restrictin 不受限制
a restrictin n sth.对……的限制
★seize a chance/an pprtunity抓住机会
seize sb.by the arm/seize ne’s arm 抓住某人的胳膊
表情感的名词＋seize sb.＝sb. be seized with/by＋表情感的名词，表示"某人突然感到……"
★submit sth. t...向……提交某物
submit （neself） t（ding） sth.屈服/顺从于（做）某事
★submissin n.提交，呈递；屈服
★be sensitive t/abut对……敏感，忌讳……
be sensitive t对……体贴/易过敏/灵敏
★sensible adj.明智的；合理的
★tlerate/put up with（ding） sth.忍受（做）某事
can’t tlerate/bear/stand（ding） sth.不能忍受（做）某事
★tlerant adj.容忍的；宽容的
be tlerant f/twards...容忍/宽容……
★n behalf f sb./n ne’s behalf代表（代替）某人；为了某人；为帮助某人
★其他表示"代表"的词汇：
represent v.代表，作为……的代言人；象征；相当于
stand fr代表，表示；支持，主张
★dzen n.（一）打，十二个；[pl.]许多
★dzen前有表示数字意义的词修饰时，不加-s，其后不用f。
a dzen＋可数名词复数 一打/十二个……；十来个……
基数词/several/many＋dzen＋可数名词复数 几十个……
★There is little/n dubt that...中，that引导同位语从句，用于解释说明dubt的内容。
★dubt n.怀疑，不确定 ＋ 同位语从句
dubt whether...（一般不用if）
n dubt that...
withut dubt 毫无疑问，的确
★dubt v.怀疑，不确定 ＋ 宾语从句
dubt whether/if...
nt dubt （that）...
★dubtful adj.怀疑；未必；悬而未定
undubtedly adv.无疑
★withut ＋ n./prn.可以引起虚拟语气，句子谓语动词（以d为例）如下：
wuld/might/culd/shuld d（与现在或将来事实相反的假设）
wuld/might/culd/shuld have dne（与过去事实相反的假设）
★有类似用法的还有：with，but fr，if nly，therwise，r等。
积累背诵
仿写运用
单
词
watch， glance瞥， ntice注意，bserve观察， spt发现， scan扫视， peek偷看
根据左栏素材完成下列各句
1.托尼·雷德蒙怒视着他，脸都变了形，气得刷白。
Tny Redmnd was glaring at him， and his face cntrted， white with rage.
2.我们都聚在电视机前，希望能看一眼他的脸。
We all gathered in frnt f the televisin， hping t catch a glimpse f his face.
3.听到门把手转动的声音，他向门看去。原来他的妈妈提前下班回来了。他兴奋地从座位上跳了起来。
He turned his eyes t the dr when he heard the handle turning. It turned ut that his mther returned frm wrk early. He leaped frm his seat with great excitement.
4.詹娜和父亲交换了一下眼色，然后都忍不住偷偷地笑了。
Jenna exchanged glances with her father and they culdn’t help but smile secretly.
5.爱丽丝从眼角的余光看到汤姆走过，但是她没有抬头打招呼。她还在为他前一天做的事生气。
Alice sptted Tm walking by ut f the crner f her eye but she didn’t raise her eyes t say hell. She was still mad at him fr what he had dne the day befre.
6.约翰使劲冲玛丽眨眼，用口型不出声地对她说了些什么。玛丽立马心领神会，起身朝厨房走去。
Jhn blinked/winked wildly at Mary and silently muthed smething. Mary gt him immediately and std up heading fr the kitchen.
词
组
1.glare at 怒目而视
2.see sth. ut f the crner f ne’s eye偶然瞟见
3.blink/wink at 朝……眨眼
4.catch a glimpse f看一眼
5.catch sight f 看见
6.take a quick/clse lk at快速浏览/仔细看
7.exchange glances 交换眼色
8.narrw ne’s eyes 眯起眼
9.turn ne’s eyes t 朝……看
10.lk sb. in the eye 直视某人
11.eye sb. up and dwn上下打量某人
12.fix/fcus ne’s eyes n注视
佳
句
1.I glanced back ver my shulder t make sure that n ne was fllwing me. 我回头看了一眼以确保没有人跟踪我。
2.He dare nt lk me straight in the eye， but instead his eyes drpped t his feet.他不敢直视我的眼睛，反而垂下眼睛看着自己的脚。
3.While ding my hmewrk， I lifted my eyes accidentally and saw Mm sitting there staring at me with a gentle smile n her lips.我在写作业时，不经意抬头看见妈妈坐在那里目不转睛地看着我，嘴角挂着一抹温柔的微笑。
4.Thugh her eyes were full f tears， she kept an eye n her father’s expressin.她眼中噙满泪水，却留意着她父亲的神情。