备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE（Word版附解析）

这是一份备战2025年高考英语精品教案 第一部分 过透教材 选择性必修第三册 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE（Word版附解析），共22页。
Ⅰ.核心单词——写其形
1. wage n.工资
2. bitter adj.严寒的；味苦的
3. abard adv.& prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）
4. sink vi.（过去式 sank/sunk ；过去分词 sunk ） 沉没；下沉；下降 vt.使下沉；使沉没
5. blanket n.毯子
6. decent adj.相当不错的；正派的；得体的
7. genuine adj.真正的；真诚的
8. thrugh adj.深入的；彻底的；细致的
9. bark vi.& n.（狗）吠叫；吠叫声
10. bat n.球拍；蝙蝠vi.& vt.用球板击球；拍打
11. recreatin n.娱乐；消遣；游戏
12. candidate n.候选人；应试者
Ⅱ.拓展单词——通其变
1. qualify vt.（使）合格；（使）具备资格→ qualified adj.符合资格；具备……的知识（或技能、学历等）→ qualificatin n.资格；资历
2. enthusiasm n.热情；热心→ enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→ enthusiastically adv.热情地
3. assign vt.分派；布置；分配→ assignment n.（工作等的）分派；布置
4. envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌→ envius adj.嫉妒的→enviable adj.令人羡慕的；引起忌妒的
5. abandn vt.放弃；舍弃；抛弃→ abandned adj.被遗弃的；放纵的
6. belng vi.适应；属于→ belngings n.[pl.]财物；动产
7. self n.自身；本性；自我→ selfish adj.自私的→ selfless adj.无私的
8. persevere vi.坚持；孜孜以求→ perseverance n.毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
9. reslve vi.& vt.决定；决心；解决（问题或困难） n.决心；坚定的信念→ reslutin n.决议；解决；坚定
10. frtunate adj.幸运的→ frtunately adv.幸运地→ unfrtunate adj.不幸的→ unfrtunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地→ frtune n.大笔钱；运气
11. guide vt.指导 n.向导；指南→ guidance n.指导；引导；导航
12. advertise vt.& vi.公布；宣传；做广告→ advertisement n.广告；宣传→advertising n.广告活动；广告业
13. lyal adj.忠诚的；忠实的→ lyalty n.忠诚；忠实
14. cmmit vt.犯（罪）；承诺→ cmmitted adj.忠诚的；坚定的→ cmmitment n.承诺；保证；奉献
15.mtive n.动机；原因；目的→ mtivate vt.成为……的动机；激发；激励→ mtivatin n.动力；诱因
Ⅲ.阅读单词——晓其意
1.adversity n. 困境；逆境
2.expeditin n. 探险；远征；探险队
3.endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力
4.cupbard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
5.vyage n.& vi. 航海；航行
6.navy n. 海军；海军部队
7.cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的
8.furniture n. 家具
9.damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的
10.nephew n. 侄子；外甥
11.crprate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的
12.mtr n. 发动机；马达 adj. 有引擎的；机动车的
Ⅳ.核心短语——明搭配
1. at the age f 在……岁时
2. turn sb. dwn 拒绝（某人）
3. be enthusiastic abut 热衷于
4. set ff 出发
5. keep ne’s spirits up 振作精神
6. frm bad t wrse 每况愈下
7. make it 获得成功
8. cheer sb.up 使某人振作起来
9. make fire 生火
10. give ff 放出（热、 光、气味或气体）
Ⅴ.经典句式——会运用
1.Well， it s happened that ne mrning I bught a newspaper and read the advertisement abut the Antarctic expeditin.（It happened that...）
好吧，碰巧有一天早上我买了份报纸，看到了这则有关南极探险的广告。
2.We are nw camped n the ice and we have been managing t survive ， but spring is cming， and the ice will sn begin t melt.（现在完成进行时）
我们现在在冰上扎营，我们一直设法生存下来，但春天要来了，冰很快就会开始融化。
3.Sn after we vyage was t dangerus and difficult fr all f us t make it in ur small bats.（）
我们到了不久之后……这次航行对我们所有人来说太危险、太困难，以至于我们无法用小船去完成。
4.Hw culd I becme as selfish and bad-tempered as Thmas Orde-Lees！ （）
我怎么会变得像托马斯·奥德利斯那样自私又脾气暴躁呢！
5. If it weren’t fr sea animals ， we wuld all starve.（if引导的虚拟条件句）
如果没有海洋动物，我们都会饿死。
语境自测
Ⅰ.单词拼写（用本单元词汇）
1.Snw frced many drivers t abandn their vehicles and walk.
2.We have given the whle classrm a thrugh clean and it lks neat and tidy nw.
3.The wheels started t sink int the mud.
4.Amy was chsen fr the jb because she ranked first amng candidates .
5. Genuine friends dare t tell yu the truth， even if it is hard.
6.D nt leave behind any persnal belngings when getting ff the bus.
7.Fr the Smiths， Saturday afternn is fr recreatin and utings.
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.She has been qualified fr teaching since she gt the qualificatin last year.（qualify）
2.I am enthusiastic abut histrical fictin. Wherever I am， I can read stries abut thse histrical figures full f enthusiasm . （enthusiastic）
3.Mr Wang is a cmmitted member f the team， wh has cmmitted large amunts f time t the training. Such cmmitment encurages us a lt.（cmmit）
4.Cigarette advertising has been banned. That means yu will see n mre relative advertisements ， because advertising cigarettes may lead t mre smkers.（advertise）
5.Success is ften the result f perseverance . As lng as yu can persevere despite difficulties， yu can succeed. （persevere）
6. Selfless peple are always ready t help thers， while selfish peple nly care abut themselves.（self）
Ⅲ.用方框内短语的适当形式完成句子
g frm bad t wrseturn dwngive ff
ahead f cheer up
1.It is the custm fr guests t cme ahead f time instead f n time in sme cuntries.
2.She turned dwn my applicatin because she thught I lacked experience.
3.The reprt pints that many husehld prducts tend t give ff harmful fumes.
4.We hpe fr an imprvement but things g frm bad t wrse .
5. Cheer up ！ When yu smile in frnt f it， it will als smile at yu.
Ⅳ.句式仿写
1.她打电话时，那家人碰巧出去度假了。（It happened that ...）
It happened that the family was ut fr vacatin when she called.
2.赢得第一名之后，他晚上激动得睡不着觉。（）
After winning the first prize， he was t excited t fall asleep at night .
3.时间过得真快！ 我们互相寄明信片已经有六年了。（现在完成进行时）
Hw time flies！ We have been sending pstcards t each ther fr six years .
4.这棵树是那个人的五倍高，但他只是脱下外套，毫不犹豫地开始爬了起来。（）
The tree was five times as tall as the man ， but he just tk ff his cat and began t climb withut hesitatin.
5.多谢了！要是没有你及时的指导，我不可能在这么短的时间里完成这个艰巨的任务。（if引导的虚拟条件句）
Thanks a lt！ If it hadn’t been fr yur timely guidance ， I culdn’t have finished the tugh task in such a shrt time.
I happened t read abut the Antarctic expeditin in an advertisement. As I was enthusiastic and full f vigur， I applied t jin it. Hwever， Shackletn turned me dwn because he thught I was nt qualified. I secretly went abard， hiding in a cupbard but was discvered later in the vyage. Shackleln assigned me a task. I began t imagine hw I wuld be envied by my friends after returning. What a naive mtive！ The jurney was nt easy. Unfrtunately， ur ship was crushed by the ice and sank thrughly. Having abandned the ship， the crew camped n a miserable island， carrying nly the essential supplies like fd， stves， clthes and blankets withut any persnal belngings. Shackletn left us t find help. There， struggling t stay alive， we used animal fat t make fire. The burning fat gave ff black smke. I was inspired by their genuine cncern fr and lyalty t thers. Faith in Shackletn’s cmmitment t save us had helped us persevere in staying alive. Under the guidance f Shackletn， we were rescued at last and free t enjy decent fd and csy bedrms again.
1 abard adv.& prep.上（船、飞机、公共汽车等）；在（船、飞机、公共汽车等）上
1.abard abrad brad
①I used t travel abrad a lt with my parents when I was a little child.
②After reaching the finish line， he waved t his classmates with a brad smile.
③The plane crashed， killing all 157 passengers abard .
2.她一登上飞机，就意识到她忘了带给姑姑的礼物。
→①The mment she went abard （the plane） ， she realized that she frgt t bring the gift fr her aunt. （abard）
→②The mment she barded the plane/she went n bard ， she realized that she frgt t bring the gift fr her aunt.（bard）
2 envy n.& vt.羡慕；妒忌
1.All f the students envied him winning （win） the first prize and sent their cngratulatins.
2.She saw the envius （envy） lk in the ther peple’s eyes when she was assigned t the mst decent jb.
3.They lked with envy at her latest purchase， a precius ld bk.
with envy相当于副词enviusly。类似的还有with happiness/jy/kindness等。
4.妈妈是我的榜样。我羡慕她在逆境中的决心和毅力。（人物塑造）
→① My mther is my rle mdel. I envy her reslutin and perseverance even in the face f adversity.（envy）
→② My mther is my rle mdel. I am envius f her reslutin and perseverance even in the face f adversity.（envius）
3 abandn vt.舍弃，离开（leave）；放弃，停止；抛弃，遗弃；沉湎于
1.At the party， we sang， danced， and laughed with wild abandn， frgetting all the trubles in ur lives.（读后续写之情感描写）
2.When walking in the frest in the bitter cld， they came acrss an ld abandned （abandn） cttage.
3.史蒂文沉湎于丢失了他的猫的悲伤中，禁不住哭了起来。（读后续写之情绪描写）
→ Abandning himself t the srrw f lsing his cat ，Steven just culdn’t help crying.（分词短语作状语）
4 reslve vi.决定，决心；表决 vt.解决（问题或困难） n.决心；坚定的信念
1.The gvernment restated its reslve t carry （carry） ut a thrugh investigatin and uncver the truth.
空前的reslve位于代词its之后，是名词。
2.We have reslved n making （make） an early start t g abard.
3. [人教选必③－4]Fr the whle mrning， the bard f directrs has been discussing the reslutin （reslve） t increase wages in the cming year.
4.为了解决冲突，首先你应该积极地在父母和你之间架起沟通的桥梁。（建议信）
In rder t reslve the cnflict ， yu ught t actively build a bridge f cmmunicatin between yur parents and yu at first.
5.我已决心追随她的脚步，致力于年轻人的教育。
→①I have reslved t fllw in her ftsteps and devte my life t the educatin f yung men. （reslve v.）
→②I have made a reslutin t fllw in her ftsteps and devte my life t the educatin f yung men. （reslutin）
表示"决心/决定做某事"的还有：decide t d sth.，make up ne’s mind t d sth.，determine t d sth.。
5 unfrtunately adv.不幸地；遗憾地
1.[人教必修③－3]Over 300，000 peple came frm all ver the wrld t seek their frtune （frtunate）， and San Francisc quickly became a big city.
2.[外研选必②－6] Frtunately （frtunate）， I have shelter， because the landing capsule prtects me frm the deadly radiatin utside.
3.Recently， I have been busy preparing fr the cllege entrance examinatin， but unfrtunately I find it quite hard t cncentrate n my study （但不幸的是，我发现集中精力学习很困难）.
4.我很幸运，和父母一起参观了全国各地的许多博物馆。
→① I was frtunate t visit many museums acrss the cuntry with my parents.（不定式）
→② It was frtunate fr me that I visited many museums acrss the cuntry with my parents.（it作形式主语）
6 cmmitment n.承诺，保证；已承诺的事；奉献，忠诚；花费
1.[人教选必①－1]Tu Yuyu， a cmmitted （cmmit） and patient scientist， was brn in Ningb， China， n 30 December 1930...
2.[人教选必③－4]They als had t have a strng reslutin t finish what they had started n matter hw hard it was， great persnal discipline， and a firm cmmitment （cmmit） t the ther members f the team.
3.[北师选必①－2]Hwever， Lang Ping’s cmmitment t Chinese vlleyball brught her back hme.
4.如果我能成为你们中的一员，我将承诺尽我所能做好我的工作。（申请信）
→①If I can be a member f yur grup， I will make a cmmitment t d my jb t the best f my ability. （cmmitment）
→②If I can be a member f yur grup， I will be cmmitted t （ding） my jb t the best f my ability. （cmmitted）
7 turn dwn拒绝（提议、建议或提议人）（refuse/reject/decline）；把……调低，关小
1.I began t break dwn in tears （开始情不自禁地哭起来） and hugged my father tightly.（读后续写之情绪描写）
2.他喝咖啡和吸烟都比以前少了，饮食也均衡了。
He cut dwn n cffee and cigarettes ， and ate a balanced diet.
3.书籍是贮存人类代代相传的智慧的珍宝。
Bks are treasures string wisdm passed dwn frm generatin t generatin .
4.他跪下来，低下头，以细看那株植物。（读后续写之动作描写）
He gt dwn n his knees and bent his head t get a clser lk at the plant.
8 give ff放出（热、光、气味或气体）
1.[北师选必①－2]Whenever he had mre than tw thusand dllars， he wuld give away small bank ntes t hmeless peple in the streets f lcal areas.
2.Any brrwed bk shuld be given back within a mnth.
3.His wages have given ut just because he bught tw pieces f furniture.
4.The pain was s sharp that I thught maybe I shuld stp and walk fr a minute， but I said t myself， "Stick t yur gal and never give up ！"
5.I pressed my parents until they finally gave in and permitted me t g abrad with my friend during the summer vacatin.
6.篝火发出温暖的光芒，他们平静下来开始欣赏星空。（读后续写之场景描写）
With the campfire giving ff/ut a warm glw/light ， they settled dwn and started t appreciate the starry sky.
表示"发出"的还有：send ut发出（信号、声音、光、热等）。
9 if引导的虚拟条件句
1.[人教必修③－2]Hw wuld the Cnfucian idea f fairness change sciety arund yu if everybdy started （start） practising fairness in everything？
2.If my cach had been there， everything wuld have been （be） all right then.
3.If the candidate were t recver tmrrw， the interview certainly wuld nt be cancelled （cancel）.
4.如果没有这次经历，她就不会意识到她应该花更多的时间和家人在一起。
If it hadn’t been fr this experience ， she wuldn’t have realized that she shuld spend mre time with her family.
If it had nt been fr... "如果当时没有……，要不是……"，fr后接名词，表示与过去事实相反的假设；If it were nt fr... "如果没有……"，表示与现在事实相反的假设。
否定词缀
本单元： un-（不）＋frtunately（幸运地）→unfrtunately不幸地
拓展：常见的否定词缀及其构成单词如下：
1.[外研选必④－5]Amng the many unslved mysteries abut dinsaurs， what really interests me is their disappearance （appear）.
2.[外研必修③－5]Althugh the 300 kg adult males can lk a bit scary — dn’t wrry， they’re harmless （harm）！— the yung seals will delight yu with their curisity...
3.[人教必修③－4]Befre the mid-20th century， mst peple felt travelling int space was an impssible （pssible） dream.
4.[2020浙江] First， remember that nte-taking shuld be 75％ listening and nly 25％ what is unimprtant （imprtant） and write in phrases， nt cmplete sentences.
Ⅰ.语法填空——词形转换、固定搭配
1.[2022新高考Ⅱ]The secnd grup did high-intensity aerbic exercise under the guidance （guide） f a trainer fr fur r mre days a week.
句意：第二组在教练的指导下每周进行四天或更多高强度有氧运动。guide本身也可以作名词，意为"导游；指南"，此处语境表示的是"指导"，故填guidance。
2.[2022北京]I decided t cmmit t cmpleting the applicatins， and sn I was a part f a grwing glbal team f yung peple wrking t prtect nature.
cmmit t sb./sth. 忠于（某个人、机构等）；cmmit t （ding） sth. 全心全意投入（工作、活动等）。
3.[2021北京]This means that reslving an argument can feel like yu have reached a state f reslutin （reslve） — and yu are less likely t be annyed.
reslutin在此表示"（问题、分歧等的）解决，消除"。
4.[北京高考]Mre is enthusiastic abut the candy she created， and she’s als psitive abut what the future might bring.
5.[全国Ⅲ]The study f traditins shuld be cmbined with practice. Otherwise， the recreatin （recreate） f traditins wuld be artificial and empty， he said.
句意：他说，对传统的研究应该与实践相结合。否则，对传统的再创造就是虚假且空洞的。recreatin"重现，重建；娱乐，消遣"。
6.[全国Ⅰ]Lckers are available t stre any belngings （belng） during yur visit.
belnging"稳定关系， 归属感"，尤用于短语a sense f belnging中。本题空处表示"所有物，（随身）财物"，要加-s。
7.[全国Ⅱ]I realized this a day later， when I saw newspaper advertisements （advertise） fr the set at seventy-five dllars less than I had paid.
advertisement作"广告"讲时为可数名词，空前没有限定词，故填advertisement的复数形式。句中的set指"电视机"。
Ⅱ.阅读理解—— 一词多义、熟词生义
1.
A. 布置（任务）B. 指定，指派
C. 确定时间D. 分配
①[2023新高考Ⅱ]Fr example， ne participant’s experience f "We sat and listened t the waves at the beach fr a while" was assigned the categries "sitting at beach" and "listening t waves." D
②[2022新高考Ⅰ]All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date thrugh Blackbard， ur nline learning and curse management system. C
③[2022新高考Ⅰ]Additinally， frm time t time I will assign grup wrk t be cmpleted in class... A
④[2022浙江]Abve all， I hped he wuldn’t assign me t wrk with the fiercely cmpetitive and extremely serius fellw wh always wre dark clthes and apparently had a persnality t match. B
2.A. n.洗碗槽 B. v.（心情）变得沉重 C. v.沉没
①[2021新高考Ⅰ]The pan was t ht and the bread turned black within secnds. Jenna threw the burnt piece int the sink and put in the ther slice f bread. A
②[2020新高考Ⅱ]In this bk， he includes the lss f the space shuttles（航天飞机）Challenger and Clumbia， and the sinking f the Titanic. C
③[江苏高考]Nami put a small recrder near the pian. Starts and stps and mistakes. Lng pauses， heart sinking. B
本句中的heart通常还可以改为spirits，表示"（情绪）变低落"。
sink作动词时，还有"下沉；降低；坐下"等意思。如：
☆The pund has sunk t its lwest recrded level against the dllar.英镑对美元的比价降到了有记录以来的最低水平。
☆She sank back int her seat， exhausted.她筋疲力尽，又坐回椅子上。
3.[2022北京]This was the very dr I carefully guided the children thrugh t ensure their safety frm the bitter cld. adj.严寒的
bitter cld "严寒"，bitter作形容词，cld作名词意为"寒冷"。高考读后续写中描写寒冷时还可用freezing cld等。
Ⅲ.写作——基础写作、读后续写
写作一 基础写作——志愿者申请
[全国Ⅰ]假定你是李华，暑期在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展览。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.个人优势；
3.能做的事情。
◎写作要点
1.从贵馆的广告得知，下个月将在画廊举办中国画展览，我写信申请成为一名志愿者。（advertisement）
Knwing frm yur advertisement that an exhibitin f Chinese paintings will be held at the gallery next mnth， I am writing t apply t becme a vlunteer.
2.在坚持学习了10年之后，我的英语说得很流利，这使我能够毫无困难地与参观者交流。（persevere）
I speak English fluently after persevering in learning it fr 10 years， which allws me t cmmunicate with visitrs withut difficulty.
3.作为一名中国画的狂热爱好者，我对这种艺术形式有着透彻的了解。（enthusiastic， thrugh）
As an enthusiastic Chinese painting lver， I have a thrugh knwledge f this art frm.
4.如果我被贵馆接纳，我将承诺向参观者介绍中国画技巧，这可以帮他们更多地了解中国文化。（cmmit）
If accepted， I will be cmmitted t intrducing Chinese painting skills t visitrs， which can help them knw mre abut Chinese culture.
5.我认为我有资格成为一名志愿者。请给我一个机会。（qualified）
I think I am qualified t be a vlunteer. Please give me a chance.
◎连句成篇
请运用恰当的连接词将以上写作要点串联成一篇语意连贯的短文。
Dear Sir r Madam，
I am Li Hua， a student frm China， wh is studying in Lndn during the summer hliday. Knwing frm yur advertisement that an exhibitin f Chinese paintings will be held at the gallery next mnth， I am writing t apply t becme a vlunteer.
I have the fllwing advantages. First f all， I speak English fluently after persevering in learning it fr 10 years， which allws me t cmmunicate with visitrs withut difficulty. Besides， as an enthusiastic Chinese painting lver， I have a thrugh knwledge f this art frm. If accepted， I will be cmmitted t intrducing Chinese painting skills t visitrs， which can help them knw mre abut Chinese culture.
I think I am qualified t be a vlunteer. Please give me a chance.
Yurs，
Li Hua
写作二 读后续写——动作描写之各种"哭"
一、阅读理解
A
[2024福建福州一测]Jill Wheatley was a PE teacher in Germany. On the weekend she cmpeted in marathns arund Eurpe. But life threw her a near deadly blw. While teaching a PE class， she was hit n the head with a baseball. The impact was s great that it left her with a brain injury and 70 percent visin lss， permanently blinding her in ne eye. She spent 26 mnths in seven different hspitals， at times wishing it wuld just all end.
Desperately， Wheatley set ut t find cmfrt and healing（治疗） in nature. She travelled t Nepal where a friend cnvinced her t run in the Annapurna 100 with him. The pwer frm that race changed her life and eventually had her lk up at the tps f the muntains. Prject Visin 8000 was brn. And she began her missin t stand n the tp f the wrld’s 14 highest muntains， twering 8，000 meters abve sea level， t shw herself and thers the pwer f the chice and pssibility.
Clrs and tuch help guide her n the muntain and she has never nce felt t tired t carry n. "The nly cnstant thing is change， s when the weather gets really bad r a strm is cming in， I knw it is ging t pass." S far， she’s had few prblems standing amng giants， but she admits she cntinues t struggle with vercming the "muntains f her mind". Having already stared death in the face， Wheatley has great respect fr the muntains and the missin she is n. But she’s nt scared. The experience almst claimed her life， but it is nw the driving frce and fuel behind her success. At every icy peak， she smiles and takes a quick vide with a breathless "S very thankful" whispered int the thin air.
本文主要讲述了德国的一名体育教师Wheatley在经历一次意外事故打击之后，重塑积极人生态度的故事。
【词语积累】 cmpete v.参加比赛 deadly adj.致命的
impact n.影响 permanently adv.永久地
set ut t d sth.开始做某事 cnstant adj.不变的，固定的
claim v.夺走，夺去（生命）
【熟词生义】 twer 常用义：n.塔楼，塔 文中义：v.高耸，屹立
1. What happened t Wheatley accrding t paragraph 1？
A. She came last in a race.
B. She suffered a head injury.
C. She lst her sight cmpletely.
D. She was attacked n purpse in a class.
解析 B 细节理解题。由第一段的"While teaching a PE class， she was hit n the head with a her in ne eye"可知，本题选B项。
2.What drve Wheatley t launch Prject Visin 8000？
A. Her explratin f nature.
B. Her friend’s timely suggestins.
C. Her strng lve fr sprts.
D. Her participatin in the Annapurna 100.
解析 D 细节理解题。由第二段的"She travelled t Nepal where a friend cnvinced Visin 8000 was brn"可知，她到尼泊尔旅行，在那里一个朋友说服她与他一起参加Annapurna 100比赛，来自比赛的力量改变了她的生活，最终让她屹立在群山之巅眺望，这促使了Wheatley创立Prject Visin 8000，故选D项。
3.What can we learn abut Wheatley frm the last paragraph？
A. Her attitude tward adversity was reshaped.
B. She was used t pr weather cnditins.
C. She ignred the muntains f her mind.
D. Her nature helped her vercme fear.
解析 A 推理判断题。由第三段中的"The nly cnstant t pass"， "Having already stared ’s nt scared"和"but it is nw the driving frce and fuel behind her success"可推知，Wheatley对待逆境的态度已经发生了改变，故选A项。
4. What culd be the best title fr the text？
A. Every peak is within reach
B. Lse sight t gain visin
C. Actins speak luder than wrds
D. Nature will take its curse
解析 B 标题归纳题。B项指明了Wheatley的不幸遭遇，同时也指明了其在不幸遭遇后的收获，适合做文章标题。
B
[2024广东东莞10月月考]A sng called Lnely Warrir（《孤勇者》）is always ringing in my ears. Six years ag， after hsting an annual ceremny fr my schl， I fund that my left leg was a little swllen， and very sn I culd barely walk. In fact， the swllen part became a fist-sized meatball that was s painful that I culd barely sleep. Of curse， I went t a lcal hspital， where I was given very bleak（不乐观的）news — stesarcma， which means bne cancer.
I underwent chemtherapy（化疗） fr the next tw years， and it was the wrst time f my life. Physically， I felt that the side effects f chemtherapy were killing me. I lst all f the hair n my bdy and became ttally bald. I culd barely eat anything， even if I felt hungry. I n lnger needed an alarm clck t wake up in the mrning. Instead， what wke me up was my bdy telling me that I needed t vmit（呕吐）.
I had n idea where all this treatment wuld leave me， and the dreams I had nce nursed（怀有） abut the future were entirely wiped ut. I wanted t feel the wrld and experience mre， s I stuck t the curse f treatment. As time went by， hwever， I became weaker and weaker. The side effects nw were far wrse than they had been earlier.
I eventually suggested that the leg be chpped ff， and the dctr said that might be the best thing t d， as lng as I culd cpe with the psychlgical and scial pressures afterward. I made my decisin very calmly， because I knew things culd nt be wrse than they were at that mment， and I was determined that this was just ne mre battle I wuld win.
Nw， six years later， I have weathered all these difficulties. I have been s lucky t be able t find the strength t deal with all f this， and what I have t tell anyne still struggling with difficulties is this： Have faith in yurself， and d nt let bad mments drag yu dwn. Just hang n and yu will cme thrugh.
本文主要讲述了作者与骨癌作斗争的经历。随着病情的恶化，作者决定顶住心理压力和社会压力，让医生截掉了一条腿。6年过去了，作者经受住了所有的磨难。最后作者鼓励仍在与困难作斗争的人要对自己有信心。
1.What can we learn abut the side effects f chemtherapy？
A. They made the authr suffer a lt.
B. They destryed the authr’s faith.
C. They were relieved after treatment.
D. They were mre bvius in the daytime.
解析 A 细节理解题。由第二段的描述可知，化疗使作者痛苦不堪，作者的头发掉光了，他几乎吃不进任何东西，夜间睡眠也受到了很大影响。由此可知，化疗的副作用让作者受了很大的苦，故A项正确。
2.What was the authr’s decisin t deal with his cnditin？
A. Chpping ff his leg.
B. Turning dwn the dctr’s advice.
C. Giving in t the cancer.
D. Seeking psychlgical assistance.
解析 A 细节理解题。由第四段首句"I eventually suggested that the leg be chpped ff"可知，A项正确。
3.What des the underlined wrd "weathered" in the last paragraph mean？
A. Resisted.B. Survived.
C. Escaped.D. Prduced.
解析 B 词义猜测题。由第五段中的"I have been s lucky t be able t find the strength t deal with all f this"可知，作者克服了所有困难。由此可推知，画线词所在句表达的应是六年后作者最终战胜了所有困难。综上可知，B项正确。
4.What des the authr want t cnvey in the text？
A. A light heart lives lng.
B. A gd medicine tastes bitter.
C. Time wrks wnders.
D. One with faith braves any hardship.
解析 D 推理判断题。由最后一段中的"what I have t tell anyne still struggling with difficulties is this： Have faith in yurself， and d nt let bad mments drag yu dwn. Just hang n and yu will cme thrugh"可推知，作者在本文中想传达的是有信心的人可以经受住任何困难，故D项正确。
二、完形填空
[2023湖北省新高考信息卷二]A craftsman living with a disability wh makes clay figurines（泥雕） has recently made netizens amazed acrss the cuntry.
In 2003， Mi Zhu lst his hands in an accident. Unwilling t 1 t fate， he gradually learned t eat and get dressed in the year that fllwed the unexpected 2 . After seeing a craftsman making figurines n the street， Mi was attracted t the craft and withut 3 decided t learn frm him. "The craftsman said he culdn’t 4 me when he saw that I had n fingers. I 5 and finally wre him dwn，" Mi said.
The learning prcess was 6 . In the beginning he culd nly make tw rses in an afternn. And his arms were ften painful after the practice. Hwever， because f his 7 fr the craft and his eagerness t earn a living， he never thught abut 8 .
Mi has been making these clay figurines fr 15 years. It nw 9 him nly several minutes t make a figurine. After 10 clay int a ball with his elbws， Mi hlds the ball between his arms t put it n a stick， and then adds smaller parts and 11 t the ball.
Mi is nt nly able t make a living by making clay figurines as he had hped， but he feels 12 abut what he des. He desn’t set prices fr his figurines. Instead f asking peple t give a certain amunt f mney fr the prducts， he allws them t 13 as they like. In this way， each figurine is sld at abut 20 yuan n average， which is cheaper cmpared t 14 prducts sld elsewhere.
Mi’s stry tells us that we may have 15 n cntrl ver what happens t us， but we can cntrl hw we respnd. If we chse the right attitude， we can rise abve whatever challenges we face.
米周在2003年的一次意外中失去了双手。有一次在街上看到一位泥雕艺人做泥雕，他一下就喜欢上了这门手艺，并决心拜师学艺。现如今，米周可以用自己的手艺养活自己，他也过得非常开心。
1. A. bwB. turn
C. smileD. agree
解析 A 由下文中的"he gradually learned t eat and get dressed"可知，米周不愿意向命运低头（bw）。
2. A. visitB. matter
C. peratin D. accident
解析 D 此处表示米周在意想不到的事故（accident）发生之后的那一年，逐渐学习吃饭和穿衣服。
3. A. success B. delay
C. argument D. permissin
解析 B 此处说的是"米周马上（withut delay）决定向他学习"。
4. A. cheat B. mtivate
C. instruct D. advcate
解析 C 那位手艺人看到米周没手指后便说他没有办法教（instruct）米周，故选C项。
5. A. prmised B. accepted
C. insisted D. aplgized
解析 C 在米周的一再坚持（insisted）下，米周终于让手艺人同意教他了。
6. A. smth B. pleasant
C. vilent D. challenging
解析 D 由下文中的"In the beginning he culd nly make tw rses in an afternn"和段落中的描述可以推测，学习过程很有挑战性（challenging）。
7. A. apprval B. curisity
C. perfrmance D. enthusiasm
解析 D 由上文中的"Mi was attracted t the craft and withut delay decided t learn frm him"可以看出，米周对这门技艺有热情（enthusiasm）。apprval赞成，同意；curisity好奇心；perfrmance表演，表现。
8. A. hlding up B. giving up
C. pulling up D. lking up
解析 B 由语境可知，米周对这门技艺有热情，又渴望通过这门手艺谋生，因此，他从来没有想过放弃（giving up）。hld up举起，耽搁，支撑；pull up（使车）停下；lk up查阅，好转。
9. A. takes B. wastes
C. spares D. requires
解析 A 由上文中的"Mi has been making these clay figurines fr 15 years"可以推测，他现在已经很熟练了，只需花（takes）几分钟就可以做出一个泥雕。
10. A. dividing B. shaping
C. cutting D. sticking
解析 B 结合语境和常识可知，米周需要首先把泥揉成球的形状。此处shape作动词，意为"使成为……形状（或样子）"。
11. A. brands B. price lists
C. instructins D. decratins
解析 D 由常识可知，把泥揉成球状之后，米周会把泥球放到棍上，然后再把较小的部分和装饰（decratins）加上去。
12. A. free B. jyful
C. curius D. particular
解析 B 由上文可知，米周对泥雕有热情，且能靠泥雕谋生，他应该会感到很快乐（jyful）。
13. A. pick B. pay
C. catch D. cllect
解析 B 由语境可知，他没有设置固定的价格，所以顾客可以按自己的意愿去付款（pay）。
14. A. similar B. familiar
C. standard D. traditinal
解析 A 由常识可知，此处对米周做的泥雕和别的地方的相似（similar）产品的价格进行了比较。
15. A. merelyB. calmly
C. abslutely D. reasnably
解析 C 此处说的是"或许我们完全无法控制发生在我们身上的事情，但是我们可以控制我们如何回应"。abslutely与n连用表示"绝对不，完全没有"。
三、语法填空
[2024陕西榆林第一次月考]Backlight 226 is a rare bkstre in Shanghai， as in this bkstre visually impaired peple ffer bks t thse with visual impairments. Lcated in the city’s leafy Nanchang Street， the stre has been a fixture in the area since 2022， prviding much-needed reading materials t 1 blind cmmunity.
"Peple may nly knw abut Helen Keller， but there are famus blind Chinese 2 （writer） as well，" said Han Ying， manager f Backlight 226， referring t the American authr and activist 3 lst her sight and hearing at an early age.
Han partially lst her visin after an accident and 4 （becme） cmpletely blind five years later. She said she had t give up 5 （teach） calligraphy， and the way she read was als affected.
Nw， aged 43， she relies 6 special apps designed fr the visually impaired and spends mst f her time at the bkstre. There， she prmtes reading amng visually impaired peple and the bkstre 7 （equip） with facilities that allw the visually impaired 8 （read） mre cmfrtably.
"Backlight 226 is a start，" Han said. "There will 9 （definite） be mre like it acrss the cuntry s that we can make the public knw mre abut the special grups and 10 （they） wrld."
本文是一篇说明文。"逆光226"是上海一家残疾人友好书店，视障人群可以在此感受阅读的快乐。店长韩颖是一位后天失明者，她鼓舞身处逆境的人向光而行。
1.the 考查冠词。此处应该用定冠词the表示特指。
2.writers 考查名词的数。由前边的there are可知，此处用所给名词的复数形式writers。
3.wh/that 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词是the American authr and activist，故此处用关系代词wh或者that。
4.became 考查动词的时态。此处陈述的是过去的情况，且becme为系动词，故填became。
5.teaching 考查非谓语动词。give up ding sth.意为"放弃做某事"，为固定用法。
6.n/upn 考查介词。rely n/upn sth.意为"依靠某物"，为固定搭配，故填n或者upn。
7.is equipped/has been equipped 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。结合she prmtes reading可知，此处可用一般现在时，且动词equip与the bkstre是动宾关系，故填is equipped。而且此处也可用现在完成时表动作已完成。综上可知，空格处填is equipped或者has been equipped。
8.t read 考查非谓语动词。allw sb. t d sth.意为"允许某人做某事"，为固定用法，故填t read。
9.definitely 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词修饰动词，故应用副词，所以填definitely。
10.their 考查代词。此处应该用形容词性物主代词their作定语。★g/be abard （the plane）登机/在飞机上
★bard vi.& vt.上（船、火车、飞机、公共汽车等） vi.寄宿 n.木板；膳食；董事会
n bard在船上（或飞机上、火车上）
★brad adj.宽阔的；广泛的；概括的
★abrad adv.在国外；到国外
at hme and abrad在国内外
★envy sb. （ding） sth.羡慕某人（做）某事
★green with envy 眼红的
with envy羡慕地，妒忌地
★envius adj.羡慕的，妒忌的
be envius f羡慕的，妒忌的
★abandn ne’s hpe/plan/idea 放弃某人的希望/计划/想法
abandn neself t 沉湎于（某种情感），陷入
★with abandn放纵地，放任地
★abandned adj.被遗弃的；废弃的；放纵的
★reslve （nt） t d sth. 决定（不）做某事
reslve n （ding） sth. 决定（做）某事
reslve an issue/a dispute/a cnflict解决问题/争端/冲突
★reslutin n.决议；解决；决心
make a reslutin t d sth.决定做某事
★unfrtunate adj.不幸的
★frtunate adj.幸运的
be frtunate t d有幸做
It is frtunate （fr sb.） that...（某人）有幸……
★frtune n.机会；运气；大笔的钱
seek ne’s frtune外出寻找发财机会
★misfrtune n.不幸；不幸的事故
frtunately adv.幸运地
★make a cmmitment t sb.向某人承诺
make a cmmitment t d 保证/承诺做
cmmitment t...对……的奉献/投入/忠诚
★cmmit vt.犯（罪）；承诺；花（钱或时间） vi.忠于
cmmit a crime犯罪
cmmit mney/time t sth.花钱或时间在某事上
be cmmitted t（ding） sth.承诺做某事
★cmmitted adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的
★cut dwn减少使用；砍倒（树木）
bring dwn击落，击倒；使垮台
pass dwn使世代相传
break dwn出故障；（关系）破裂；感情失控；分解；拆除；消除（障碍或偏见）
put dwn写下；镇压；贬低
get dwn写下；俯身；使沮丧
★give ut放出，发出（气体、热量、光或气味）；分发；用完，耗尽；停止运转
give in （t...）（向……）屈服/让步/投降
give back归还
give up放弃；认输；辞去（工作）
give away泄露（秘密）；赠送
★虚拟条件句表示不可能或不太可能发生的假设。句中谓语动词所用形式如下（以d为例）：
条件状语
从句
主句
与过去事实相反
had dne
wuld/culd/
shuld/might
have dne
与现在事实相反
did （be动
词用were）
wuld/culd/
shuld/might d
与将来事实相反
did/were t d/
shuld d
wuld/culd/
shuld/might d
否定词缀
原词或表肯定的单词
加上否定词缀的单词
un-
happy开心 cmfrtable舒服的
fair公平的 grateful感激的
lck锁上 pack打包 fld折叠
unhappy不开心 uncmfrtable不舒服的
unfair不公平的 ungrateful忘恩负义的
unlck解锁 unpack打开包裹 unfld展开
in-/im-/il-/ir-
cnvenient方便的 pssible可能的
legal合法的 respnsible负责任的
incnvenient不方便的 impssible不可能的
illegal不合法的 irrespnsible不负责任的
dis-
hnest诚实的 agree同意 appear出现
like喜欢 apprve同意
dishnest不诚实的 disagree不同意
disappear消失 dislike 不喜欢
disapprve不同意
mis-
frtune运气 understand理解
lead引导 read读
misfrtune不幸 misunderstand误解
mislead误导 misread误读
nn-
smke抽烟 stp停止
renewable可再生的
nn-smking禁止抽烟的 nn-stp直达的
nn-renewable不可再生的
ab-
nrmal正常的
abnrmal反常的
anti-
war战争
antiwar反战的
-less
harmful有害的 selfish自私的
breath呼吸 hme家
careful小心的 hpeful满怀希望的
harmless无害的 selfless无私的
breathless喘不上气的 hmeless无家可归的
careless粗心的 hpeless无望的
-free
care引起烦恼的事 tax税
carefree无忧无虑的 tax-free免税的
-prf
water水
waterprf防水的
积累背诵
仿写运用
单
词
cry， weep 哭泣， sb 啜泣； tearful 含泪的， watery泪水汪汪的， misty泪眼模糊的
根据左栏素材完成下列各句
1.她热泪盈眶，对陌生人真诚的帮助表示衷心的感谢。
Tears filling her eyes/Tears welling up in her eyes ，she ffered her heartfelt gratitude t the strangers fr their sincere help. （独立主格结构）
2.当在机场看到失散多年的弟弟时，她流下了喜悦的泪水。
When she saw her lng-lst brther at the airprt， she cried/shed/wept tears f jy .
3.当她用指尖慢慢地滑动屏幕，阅读每一条评论时，她感动得泪流满面。
While slwly scrlling the screen with her fingertip and reading each cmment， she was s mved/tuched that tears pured dwn her face . （）
4.她的手在发抖。她快要哭了，但保罗没有意识到这一点。
Her hands were shaking. She was clse t tears/n the verge f tears but Paul didn’t realize that.
5.他远离家乡已经一年有余。母亲寄过来的照片让他泣不成声。
He had been away frm hme fr mre than a year. The phts Mther sent him made him chked with sbs .
6.她突然哭了起来，然后一句话也没说，气呼呼地跑了。
She burst int tears/burst ut crying and strmed ff withut saying a wrd.
词
组
1.cry/shed/weep tears流泪
2.burst int tears/burst ut crying突然哭起来
3.sb/cry in silence无声地哭
4.cry ne’s eyes ut哭得很伤心
5.tears pur dwn ne’s face泪流满面
6.tears f excitement/jy well up in/fill ne’s eyes激动/高兴得热泪盈眶
7.be clse t tears/be n the verge f tears快要哭了
8.cry neself t sleep哭到睡着
9.be blurred with tears＝be dimmed by tears泪眼模糊
10.be chked with sbs泣不成声
11.be in flds f tears泪如泉涌
佳
句
1.I felt s sad that I fund myself crying uncnsciusly， unable t hld back my tears.我感到非常难过，以至于我发现自己不知不觉地哭了，无法抑制住眼泪。
2.All thse present t listen t her sad stry were mved/tuched t tears.凡在场听到她悲惨经历的人无不潸然泪下。
3.Watching her sn disappearing in the distance， she frze fr a lng while， with her eyes filled with tears.看着儿子消失在远方，她愣了很久，双眸满是泪水。