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    中考英语完形填空热点话题分类训练(中考模拟真题+名校最新真题)专题18 科学家专题练习(含答案)

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    中考英语完形填空热点话题分类训练(中考模拟真题+名校最新真题)专题18 科学家专题练习(含答案)

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    这是一份中考英语完形填空热点话题分类训练(中考模拟真题+名校最新真题)专题18 科学家专题练习(含答案),共25页。
    (2022·黑龙江·肇东市第十一中学校三模)Yuan Lngping, a Chinese scientist and educatr, died at the age f 91 in Hunan last mnth. He was called the “Father f Hybrid Rice(杂交水稻)” and he helped ___1___ peple arund the wrld.
    Yuan Lngping was the first persn t develp a kind f hybrid rice which helped fight __2__ in China. Fd was a big prblem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin, but nly 7 percent f its ___3___. In the 1960s, Chinese peple had a difficult time. Millins f peple died because they had n fd. As an agrnmy teacher, Yuan was very ___4___ t see this. “Hw can I help them have enugh fd?” he thught. He decided t wrk n a kind f hybrid rice. It has a high utput(产量).
    At that time, ther scientists didn’t think hybrid rice was wrth ___5___. But Yuan and his team wrked n it every day. They tk very gd care f their rice seeds.
    At last, in 1973, they grew a new kind f hybrid rice. This seed is ___6___. Farmers can grw it in many different kinds f farmland and in bad ___7___. It can als fight disease. Its utput was much ___8___ than cmmn kinds f rice. With the new kind, abut 70,000,000 peple culd have fd every year!
    Yuan slved the fd prblem in China. But he was ___9___ wrking n rice when he was very ld. Befre he retired, he hped t grw rice in the sea!
    Yuan nce said he had tw dreams — t “enjy the ___10___ under the rice crps(庄稼) taller than men” and that hybrid rice culd be grwn all ver the wrld t help slve the glbal fd prblem.
    1.A.supprtB.guardC.feed
    2.A.fldB.hungerC.earthquake
    3.A.farmlandB.muntainsC.grassland
    4.A.angryB.interestedC.sad
    5.A.discussingB.studyingC.eating
    6.A.expensiveB.newC.strng
    7.A.seaB.villagesC.weather
    8.A.greaterB.smallerC.less
    9.A.stillB.againC.hardly
    10.A.heatB.clC.wealth
    (2022·安徽合肥·二模)Once, Einstein finished a speech in a university, where the large classrm was full f teachers and students. ____11____ his speech, the listeners started t ask questins.
    A girl ____12____ and asked, “Yu’re knwn as a giant (巨人) f science. D yu think yu’re a giant? ”
    Einstein said with a smile, “A giant is a persn wh is ____13____ in height. Yu see I’m s small, hw can I be a giant? Maybe I see a bit ____14____, nly because I stand higher! ”
    Then a by asked, “Yu said yu stand higher than thers. It makes me think f a lng ____15____ yu had with a lady n the peak (山峰) f the Alps. I dn’t want t ask what yu talked, but I want t knw whether yu realized yu have been a peak in the histry f ____16____ when yu std n the peak. ”
    Lking at the by ____17____, Einstein answered, “My height can’t be a peak, and there is n peak that we can’t reach ____18____! ”
    Then, he tk up a piece f chalk and ____19____ n the blackbard, “Standing n the peak, yu are nt tall.”
    He then ____20____ the listeners and said, “Finally, I can tell yu a sentence that I tld the lady n the peak f the Alps: Any peak can be reached.”
    11.A.BefreB.AfterC.DuringD.In
    12.A.cut inB.shwed ffC.gt upD.lay dwn
    13.A.strngB.weakC.tallD.shrt
    14.A.deeperB.fartherC.higherD.faster
    15.A.histryB.wayC.talkD.jurney
    16.A.artB.languageC.businessD.science
    17.A.carefullyB.impatientlyC.strictlyD.angrily
    18.A.treeB.stepC.tpD.twer
    19.A.drewB.wrteC.knckedD.recrded
    20.A.thankedB.warnedC.facedD.helped
    (2022·江苏泰州·三模)
    Einstein was nt nly the utstanding scientist f the 20th century, but als a gifted and enthusiastic musician. He nce said that if he hadn’t been a scientist, he wuld have been a ____21____. “Life withut playing music is unthinkable fr me,” he said. “I get mst____22____ in life ut f music.”
    Einstein’s mther was a talented pianist wh____23____ music t life in the family hme. Einstein began t learn the ____24____at the age f six, hwever, he wrked hard until he____25____ the jys f Mzart’s snatas at the age f 13. Frm that____26____ n, althugh he had n further lessns, his vilin ____27____ his cmpanin.
    When Einstein mved t Aarau in Switzerland in 1895 t cmplete his schling, he seemed t have ____28____much f his time t music. Just befre his 17th birthday, Einstein played at the music ____29____ in the schl, the examiner reprted that “a student called Einstein shne in the ____30____felt perfrmance f ne f the Beethven snatas”. In additin t his great ____31____ in playing the vilin, he als played the pian and, ____32____, lved t imprvise(即兴创作).
    In late life, Einstein’s reputatin(声誉) as a physicist ften led t ____33____ t perfrm at benefit cncerts, which he generally accepted happily. Prbably the____34____ f the vilinist Einstein that cmes nearest t the mark cmes frm his friend Jans Plesch,wh wrte “There are many musicians with much____35____ skills, but nne, I believe, wh ever played with mre sincerity r deeper feeling.”
    21.A.physicianB.musicianC.pliticianD.reprter
    22.A.jyB.mneyC.ideaD.energy
    23.A.playedB.sentC.createD.brught
    24.A.vilinB.pianC.knwledgeD.game
    25.A.lvedB.trackedC.discveredD.cnfirmed
    26.A.lcatinB.spaceC.accessD.pint
    27.A.turnedB.remainedC.appearedD.seemed
    28.A.devtedB.spentC.lstD.wasted
    29.A.perfrmanceB.presentatinC.exhibitinD.examinatin
    30.A.hardlyB.deeplyC.carelesslyD.hnestly
    31.A.skillB.patienceC.careD.curage
    32.A.after allB.in particularC.in generalD.by accident
    33.A.cntributinsB.applicatinsC.invitatinsD.prizes
    34.A.reactinB.resultsC.cnclusinD.instructin
    35.A.braderB.funnierC.wilderD.better
    (2022·江苏苏州·二模)Imagine yurself under the cl shade f an apple tree. Yur mind and bdy relax as yu sit quietly, thinking. ____36____, an apple falls frm the tree, narrwly (勉强地) missing yur head. Mst f us wuld be ____37____ that the apple did nt hit us. And that wuld be the ____38____ f it. But smetimes, an rdinary happening can lead t extrardinary (不同寻常的) results. Such was the case in the 17th century. Isaac Newtn spent his life wrking ut many laws f physics. He wanted t ____39____ hw things wrked. Fr him, the wrld was his labratry in thse early days f ____40____. One lucky day, as he was sitting in his study at his mther’s cuntry hme, he lked ut ___41___ the yard. The apple trees there were filled with red apples. ____42____ he sat there thinking, he nticed an apple falling frm the tree. When he watched the apple hit the grund, he asked himself sme ____43____ questins: Why did that apple fall straight dwn? Why did it nt fall sideways? Why did it nt fall up, twards the sky?
    With these simple questins, Newtn discvered gravity. Mre crrectly, he discvered ____44____ gravity wrks.Scientists culd understand why the mn was held in rbit (轨道) arund the earth. Gravity _____45_____ why peple did nt fall ff the face f the earth.
    Imagine if Newtn had watched that apple falling, and thught nthing mre than,“Oh yes, just anther apple falling frm a tree!”
    36.A.LuckilyB.SuddenlyC.SadlyD.Quietly
    37.A.carefulB.hpefulC.dubtfulD.thankful
    38.A.endB.beginningC.resultD.truth
    39.A.put utB.take utC.find utD.carry ut
    40.A.scienceB.artC.literatureD.language
    41.A.ffB.verC.frmD.dwn
    42.A.BefreB.AfterC.AsD.Until
    43.A.strangeB.difficultC.simpleD.silly
    44.A.hwB.whatC.whenD.where
    45.A.expressedB.expectedC.explredD.explained
    (2022·江苏·苏州市平江中学校二模)
    Yu culd see muntains, craters and valleys if yu lked at the Mn thrugh a telescpe(望远镜). Galile was the first persn t see these things thrugh a telescpe. He is ____46____ as the farther f mdern science. Galile was great nt nly fr his ____47____, but fr the scientific methds he develped.
    Galile did nt invent the telescpe. It was first made by a Dutchman in 1608 and later Galile ____48____ the design. S he was able t study the stars and planets ____49____. Sme peple call him the first astrnmer(天文学家). His telescpe made things appear larger by much mre times.
    As he studied the sky, Galile ____50____ that the planets circle arund the sun. He was nt the first persn t believe this, but he was the first t prve details f this fact. Peple f that time believed that the Earth was the ____51____ f the universe(宇宙)and everything in space mved arund the Earth. Galile gt int truble with the gvernment fr saying that what they believed was ____52____. He had t take back what he said, r he wuld be in prisn.
    Galile’s wrk went ____53____ an astrnmer. He was an inventr as well. He made the first thermmeter(温度计). His thermmeter didn’t tell the temperatures exactly, ____54____ it culd shw if a temperature was higher r lwer r the same as anther temperature.
    Galile thught abut the wrld in a ____55____ way. Befre Galile, peple did nt run experiments r test ut their ideas. He is ne f the first real scientists.
    46.A.realizedB.designedC.cnsideredD.encuraged
    47.A.dreamsB.intrductinsC.discveriesD.instructins
    48.A.recrdedB.imprvedC.presentedD.translated
    49.A.calmlyB.clselyC.nearlyD.gently
    50.A.prvedB.hpedC.prmisedD.imagined
    51.A.partB.crnerC.surfaceD.centre
    52.A.trueB.usefulC.wrngD.cmmn
    53.A.afterB.acrssC.thrughD.beynd
    54.A.sB.andC.butD.since
    55.A.newB.usualC.narrwD.difficult
    (2022·广东·中山一中一模)When Einstein was yung, he failed in several exams because he ften played with sme bad kids. On a Sunday mrning, Einstein wanted t g fishing with ____56____ kids. His father stpped him and said, “Einstein, yu were spending t much time ____57____. I’m wrried abut yur future.”
    “What are yu wrrying abut? Jack and Rbert als failed in the exam; ____58____ they went fishing as usual.”
    “My by, I have ____59____ stry fr yu. I hpe yu can listen t it carefully.”
    “There ____60____ tw cats n the rf. Suddenly, they fell int the chimney (烟囱). ____61____ they climbed ut f the chimney; ne cat’s face was dirty while the ther cat’s face was clean. Seeing the dirty-faced cat, the clean-faced ne thught its wn face was ____62____ dirty, s it quickly ran t the riverside and washed its face. The dirty-faced cat saw the clean-faced ne, thinking its wn face was clean as well, s it walked ____63____ in the street. Yu can imagine what happened later.”
    “Einstein, it is pssible ____64____ anybdy t be yur mirrr (镜子). Sme kids are nt strict with _____65_____. Yu may becme stupid if yu take them as yur mirrr.” Hearing this, Einstein put dwn his fishing net and returned t his rm.
    1,000 peple have 1,000 kinds f wishes in life. Yu can learn frm ther peple, but yu _____66_____ nt fllw them ttally. Yu must see yurself clearly and knw _____67_____ yu want t get. In this way yu can achieve yur success.
    56.A.antherB.the thersC.thersD.ther
    57.A.t playB.playC.playingD.played
    58.A.sB.butC.becauseD.r
    59.A.aB.anC.theD./
    60.A.wereB.areC.hadD.have
    61.A.WhenB.UnlessC.AlthughD.Befre
    62.A.tB.eitherC.neitherD.als
    63.A.happyB.happierC.happilyD.happiness
    64.A.byB.frC.tD.with
    65.A.theyB.themC.themselvesD.theirs
    66.A.mustB.dareC.shuldD.may
    67.A.whyB.whatC.thatD.when
    (2021·广东·珠海市拱北中学一模)Newtn was nce praised fr discvering the Thery f Gravity (万有引力). He said he succeeded because he “std n the shulders f giants”. In ther wrds, his wrk was built n the effrts f ____68____ wh have lived befre him. This is true fr science. In fact, it is als true fr sciety. All prgress ____69____ frm the new generatins (一代人), building n the effrts f the lder peple.
    New China was funded 70 years ag because f the effrts f many giants. Ma Zedng, Deng Xiaping and many thers built the basic. And each generatin that fllwed these giants has cntinued t ____70____ the cuntry. Hwever, the past success desn’t mean the future success. It is ging t be up t yur generatin t make sure that China keeps ____71____. If yu are ____72____, China will be strng. If yu are great, China will be great. And if yu wrk hard t win, China will win ____73____!
    Luckily, yu have many rle mdels ____74____ t learn frm. As fr me, I admire Sng Qingling mst. She was ____75____ in America and spke perfect English. She lived a rich life there, but she decided t return t China and devted her life t help ____76____, wh called her “Mum” in return. There is a shw abut her life nw at Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibitin Center. Yu can visit it until Octber 15. Sng Qingling was truly a giant. Yu can stand n her _____77_____ t help the children and build a better future.
    68.A.speakersB.scientistsC.dctrsD.engineers
    69.A.learnsB.gesC.cmesD.belngs
    70.A.lveB.celebrateC.createD.build
    71.A.lking arundB.mving frwardC.putting dwnD.making up
    72.A.yungB.lvelyC.strngD.quick
    73.A.differentlyB.surelyC.hardlyD.bravely
    74.A.in the pastB.at presentC.in the futureD.all the time
    75.A.studiedB.stayedC.grwnD.educated
    76.A.the prB.the richC.the yungD.the ld
    77.A.feetB.handsC.shuldersD.head
    (2022·广东·秀全中学九年级期中)As the saying ges, “A her is knwn in the time f misfrtune (不幸)”. Zhng Nanshan is a her like this. He is a dctr in Guangdng, wh ___78___ many peple’s lives in 2003.
    In 2003, SARS ___79___ in Guangdng. Later, it spread acrss China and ther parts f the wrld. Patients cughed a lt and gt fevers. Hundreds f ___80___ even died frm the disease.
    Even many dctrs and nurses gt SARS when they treated patients, s everyne was afraid f it. But Zhng was ___81___ enugh t fight against the disease. Zhng spent days and nights finding the cause f the ___82___. And with his way f treating, many patients began t get better. Zhng finally wn peple’s trust.
    In early 2020, the Nvel Crnavirus (新型冠状病毒) hit Wuhan. It spread ___83___ arund the cuntry. Tens f thusands f Chinese peple were infected (感染). Zhng, 84, led his team t Wuhan t fight against the illness. Zhng’s team tk many measures t ___84___ the patients infected by the Nvel Crnavirus. He advised peple t wear masks, ___85___ hands mre ften, stay at hme and nt t g t crwed places.
    Zhng likes sprts very much. ___86___ he was 67, he culd still play basketball. Nw at the age f 84, Zhng still treats patients in the hspital and ___87___ yung dctrs. “I am just a dctr.” Zhng says. But we think he is a her and a fighter.
    78.A.helpedB.savedC.likedD.influenced
    79.A.tk utB.fund utC.gave utD.brke ut
    80.A.patientsB.dctrsC.animalsD.plants
    81.A.kindB.prC.braveD.silent
    82.A.patientB.fldC.diseaseD.pllutin
    83.A.quicklyB.slwlyC.safelyD.luckily
    84.A.prtectB.saveC.warnD.harm
    85.A.waveB.plluteC.shakeD.wash
    86.A.WhenB.AlthughC.UnlessD.Because
    87.A.requiresB.trustsC.teachesD.asks
    参考答案:
    1.C
    2.B
    3.A
    4.C
    5.B
    6.C
    7.C
    8.A
    9.A
    10.B
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要介绍了“杂交水稻之父”——袁隆平在农业上对国家和人民做出的贡献。
    1.句意:他被称为“杂交水稻之父”,他帮助养活了世界各地的人们。supprt支持;guard守卫;feed喂养;根据常识,他发明的杂交水稻,养活了许多人,避免了饥饿的问题,故选C。
    2.句意:袁隆平是第一个培育杂交水稻的人,这种杂交水稻帮助中国对抗饥饿。fld洪水;hunger饥饿;earthquake地震;根据“develp a kind f hybrid rice”可知,这种食物是可以抵抗饥饿,故选B。
    3.句意:但只有7%的农田。farmland农田;muntains山;grassland草原;根据“Fd was a big prblem in China in the past. This was because China had 22 percent f the wrld’s ppulatin”可知,在过去中国食物是一个大问题,人口多,农田少,故选A。
    4.句意:作为一名农学教师,袁隆平看到这一幕非常难过。angry生气的;interested感兴趣的;sad难过的;根据“Millins f peple died because they had n fd”可知,看到这么多人死于饥饿,他感到难过,故选C。
    5.句意:当时,其他科学家认为杂交水稻不值得研究。discussing讨论;studying研究;eating吃;根据“But Yuan and his team wrked n it every day.”可知,其他人觉得不值得研究,而袁隆平每天和团队每天都在研究,故选B。
    6.句意:这颗种子很强壮。expensive昂贵的;new新的;strng坚强的;根据“Farmers can grw it in many different kinds f farmland”可知,这种水稻生命力很顽强,故选C。
    7.句意:农民可以在许多不同种类的农田和恶劣的天气中种植它。sea大海;villages村庄;weather天气;根据“This seed can grw it in many different kinds f farmland and in bad”以及“It can als fight disease.”可知,此处指在恶劣的天气中,故选C。
    8.句意:它的产量远远高于普通品种的水稻。greater更大的;smaller更小的;less更少的;根据“With the new kind, abut 70,000,000 peple culd have fd every year!”可知,它的产量比普通的水稻要大的多,故选A。
    9.句意:但当他很老的时候,他还在从事研究水稻的工作。still仍然;again再;hardly几乎不;根据“Yuan slved the fd prblem in China.”及“But”可知,虽然他已经解决了食物问题,但他还仍然在做研究水稻的工作,故选A。
    10.句意:袁隆平曾有两个梦想——享受比人高的稻谷下的清凉。heat高温;cl凉快;wealth财富;根据“under the rice crps(庄稼) taller than men”可知,在高高的稻谷下享受清凉,故选B。
    11.B
    12.C
    13.C
    14.B
    15.C
    16.D
    17.A
    18.C
    19.B
    20.C
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文是篇记叙文。主要讲爱因斯塔在一所大学演讲后,回答学生问题时与学生间的对话。
    11.
    句意:在演讲之后,听众开始提问。
    Befre在……之前;After 在……之后;During在……期间;In在……时间内,在……里面。根据后文“the listeners started t ask questins.”可知,是在演讲后听众提问。故选B。
    12.
    句意:有个女孩起身问:“你被誉为科学巨人,你认为你是巨人吗?”
    cut in插嘴,插入;shwed ff炫耀;gt up 起立,起床;lay dwn躺下。根据后面的“ask”可知,她在提问,所以应该是“起立,起身”。故选C。
    13.
    句意:巨人是身高很高的人。
    strng强壮的;weak弱的;tall高的;shrt短的,矮的。根据“A giant is a persn wh is…in height.”可知,这里是在解释“巨人”的意思,巨人是身高很高的。故选C。
    14.
    句意:可能是我看得比较远,仅仅因为我站得高。
    deeper更深;farther更远;higher更高;faster更快。根据后文“nly because I stand higher!”可知,这里说“站得高”,根据常识可知,前面“看得”就会“更远”。故选B。
    15.
    句意:这让我想到你和一个妇人在阿尔卑斯山山峰的漫长对话。
    histry历史;way方式,道路;talk谈话;jurney旅程,旅行。根据后文“ I dn’t want t ask what yu talked…”可知,可判断男孩在前文想到的就是爱因斯坦与一个妇人在阿尔卑斯山山峰的“谈话”。故选C。
    16.
    句意:我不想问谈话的内容,但我想知道当你站在山顶,你是否意识到你已经在科学史的顶峰。
    art艺术;language语言;business商业;science科学。根据前文“Yu’re knwn as a giant (巨人) f science. ”可知,爱因斯坦是科学界的巨人,因此这里说的是“科学历史上的顶峰”。故选D。
    17.
    句意:爱因斯坦认真看着男孩,回答道:“我的身高不可能是顶峰,而且没有我们不能到达的顶峰。”
    carefully认真地;impatiently不耐烦地;strictly严格地;angrily生气地。根据后文描述“My height can’t be a peak, and there is n peak that we can’t reach...”可知,爱因斯坦说得是科学道理。因此他是很“认真地”看着男孩然后回答的。故选A。
    18.
    句意:爱因斯坦认真看着男孩,回答道:“我的身高不可能是顶峰,而且没有我们不能到达的顶峰。”
    tree树;step台阶;tp顶;twer塔。根据后文“Any peak can be reached”可知,任何顶峰我们都能到。所以这里是没有顶峰到不了的,故选C。
    19.
    句意:然后,他拿起一支粉笔在黑板上写到。
    drew画;wrte写;kncked敲;recrded记录。根据前面的“he tk up a piece f chalk”及后文“Standing n the peak, yu are nt tall”可知,他是用粉笔写在黑板上。故选B。
    20.
    句意:然后他面向听众说:“最后,我可以告诉你们我在阿尔卑斯山顶和妇人说的话是“任何顶峰我们都能到达。”
    thanked感谢;warned提醒;faced面对;helped帮助。根据前文“Then, he tk up a piece f chalk and wrte n the blackbard, “Standing n the peak, yu are nt tall.”可知,黑板写的时候是背对着听众的,最后说的时候应该是面对听众。故选C。
    21.
    22.
    23.B
    24.A
    25.D
    26.A
    27.C
    28.D
    29.B
    30.A
    31.D
    32.B
    33.A
    34.B
    35.C
    【小题16】C
    【小题17】D
    【解析】
    【导语】
    这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名物理学家爱因斯坦对音乐的热爱与投入。
    21.
    句意:他有一次说过,如果他没有成为科学家他将会成为一名音乐家。
    physician医生;musician音乐家;plitician政客;reprter记者。根据“but als a gifted and enthusiastic musician.”可知,他也是一个很有天赋的音乐家,所以他不做科学家就会做音乐家,故选B。
    22.
    句意:我生活中最大的乐趣来自音乐。
    jy快乐;mney钱;idea灵感;energy能量。根据“Life withut playing music is unthinkable fr me”和“the jys f Mzart’s snatas”可知,音乐给他的生活带来了最大的乐趣,故选A。
    23.
    句意:爱因斯坦的母亲是一位才华横溢的钢琴家,她把音乐带入了家中。
    played玩耍;sent发送;create创造;brught带来。根据“Einstein’s mther was a talented pianist”可知,爱因斯坦的母音是位钢琴家把音乐带入了他们的家,故选D。
    24.
    句意:爱因斯坦6岁时开始学小提琴。
    vilin小提琴;pian钢琴;knwledge知识;game游戏。根据“his vilin”可知,爱因斯坦6岁就开始学习小提琴,故选A。
    25.
    句意:但是,他在13岁时才发现了莫扎特奏鸣曲的乐趣。
    lved爱;tracked追踪;discvered发现;cnfirmed证实。根据“the jys f Mzart’s snatas”可知,结合语境,应该是发现了音乐中的乐趣,故选C。
    26.
    句意:从那时起,尽管他没有再上什么课,他的小提琴仍然是他的伙伴。
    lcatin位置;space空间;access访问;pint点。根据“at the age f 13”可知,应该是从13岁爱因斯坦发现音乐的乐趣那一刻起,故选D。
    27.
    句意:从那时起,尽管他没有再上什么课,他的小提琴仍然是他的伙伴。
    turned转身;remained仍然;appeared出现;seemed似乎。根据“althugh he had n further lessns”可知,两句之间是转折关系,尽管他不上课了,但是小提琴仍然是他的伙伴。故选B。
    28.
    句意:1895年,爱因斯坦搬到瑞士的阿劳完成学业,他似乎把大量的时间都花在了音乐上。
    devted投入;spent花费;lst丢失;wasted浪费。根据“much f his time t music.”可知,该句表示“把大量时间投入到音乐上”,devte t“把……投入……”故选A。
    29.
    句意:就在他17岁生日之前,爱因斯坦在学校的一次音乐考试中演奏,考官报告说:“一位名叫爱因斯坦的学生在贝多芬奏鸣曲的深情演奏中光芒四射。
    perfrmance表现;presentatin展示;exhibitin展览;examinatin考试。根据“the examiner”可知,有考官在场,所以应该是在一场音乐考试中表演,故选D。
    30.
    句意:就在他17岁生日之前,爱因斯坦在学校的一次音乐考试中演奏,考官报告说:“一位名叫爱因斯坦的学生在贝多芬奏鸣曲的深情演奏中光芒四射。
    hardly几乎没有;deeply深情地;carelessly马虎地;hnestly诚实地。根据“shne”可知,爱因斯坦在表演中光芒四射,所以演奏的应该是很深情,故选B。
    31.
    句意:除了高超的小提琴演奏技巧外,他还会弹钢琴,尤其喜欢即兴演奏。
    skill技能;patience练习;care关心;curage勇气。根据“a student called Einstein shne in a deeply felt perfrmance f ne f the Beethven snatas”可知,爱因斯坦演奏的很好,所以说明他有很高超的小提琴演奏技巧,故选A。
    32.
    句意:除了高超的小提琴演奏技巧外,他还会弹钢琴,尤其喜欢即兴演奏。
    after all毕竟;in particular尤其;in general一般来说;by accident偶然。根据“In additin t his great skill in playing the vilin, he als played the pian”可知,该句表达除了演奏小提琴,还会弹钢琴,尤其是喜欢即兴演奏,三者之间比较,空处表达“尤其”的意思,故选B。
    33.
    句意:在后来的生活中,爱因斯坦作为物理学家的声誉经常让他受邀在慈善音乐会中表演,他通常都很高兴地接受了邀请。
    cntributins贡献;applicatins程序;invitatins邀请;prizes奖项。根据“t perfrm at benefit cncerts”可知,在慈善音乐会上表演应该是一种邀请,故选C。
    34.
    句意:也许爱因斯坦这位小提琴家最接近这个目标的总结来自他的朋友雅诺斯·普列施,他写道:“有许多音乐家拥有更好的技巧,但我相信没有一个人演奏得比他更真诚或更有感情。”
    reactin反应;results结果;cnclusin结论;instructin指导。根据“There are many musicians…played with mre sincerity r deeper feeling.”可知,这是对爱因斯坦的总结、评论,故选C。
    35.
    句意:也许爱因斯坦这位小提琴家最接近这个目标的总结来自他的朋友雅诺斯·普列施,他写道:“有许多音乐家拥有更好的技巧,但我相信没有一个人演奏得比他更真诚或更有感情。”
    brader更广泛的;funnier更有趣的;wilder更荒凉的;better更好的。根据“but nne, I believe, wh ever played with mre sincerity r deeper feeling”可知,前后两句之间是转折关系,没有人比他演奏的更真诚,证明空处表达的是“尽管其他音乐家拥有更好的技巧”,故选D。
    36.B
    37.D
    38.A
    39.C
    40.A
    41.B
    42.C
    43.C
    44.A
    45.D
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文讲述了牛顿通过树上的苹果掉落,发现万有引力的故事。
    36.
    句意:突然,一个苹果从树上掉下来,差点砸到你的头。
    Luckily幸运地;Suddenly突然;Sadly伤心地;Quietly安静地。根据“…an apple falls frm the tree, narrwly (勉强地) missing yur head.”可知,苹果是突然砸到头上的。故选B。
    37.
    句意:我们大多数人都会庆幸苹果没有砸到我们。
    careful小心的;hpeful满怀希望的;dubtful怀疑的;thankful感谢的。根据“Mst f us wuld be … that the apple did nt hit us.”可知,我们大多数人没有被苹果砸到会感到庆幸。故选D。
    38.
    句意:这样就结束了。
    end结束;beginning开始;result结果;truth真相。根据“Mst f us wuld be … that the apple did nt hit us. And that wuld be the …f it.”可知,我们大多数人都会庆幸苹果没有砸到我们,事情到这里就结束了。故选A。
    39.
    句意:他想知道事物是如何运作的。
    put ut熄灭;take ut取出;find ut找出,查明;carry ut实行。根据“Isaac Newtn spent his life wrking ut many laws f physics.”牛顿一生致力于研究许多物理定律可推知,他想知道万事万物是如何运作的。故选C。
    40.
    句意:对他来说,在那些科学的早期,世界就是他的实验室。
    science科学;art艺术;literature文学;language语言。根据常识可知,牛顿研究的是自然科学领域,因此在科学发展的早期,世界就是牛顿的实验室。故选A。
    41.
    句意:他朝院子里望去。
    ff离开;ver在……上面;frm从……;dwn向下。根据“he lked ut … the yard.”可知,他向院子里看去;ver符合语境。故选B。
    42.
    句意:当他坐在那里思考时,他注意到一个苹果从树上掉下来。
    Befre在……之前;After在……之后;As当;Until直到。根据“an apple falling frm the tree.”可知,当牛顿坐在那里思考的时候,他注意到一个苹果从树上掉下来。故选C。
    43.
    句意:当他看着苹果落地时,他问自己一些简单的问题。
    strange奇怪的;difficult困难的;simple简单的;silly愚蠢的。根据下文“With these simple questins”可知,牛顿问了自己一些简单的问题。故选C。
    44.
    句意:更正确的说法是,他发现了重力的工作原理。
    hw如何;what什么;when何时;where在哪里。根据“Mre crrectly, he discvered …gravity wrks.”可知,牛顿发现了重力是如何起作用的。故选A。
    45.
    句意:重力解释了为什么人类没有从地球表面掉下来。
    expressed表达;expected期望;explred探索;explained解释。根据“why peple did nt fall ff the face f the earth”可知,重力应该是解释了为什么人类没有从地球表面掉下来。故选D。
    46.C
    47.C
    48.B
    49.B
    50.A
    51.D
    52.C
    53.D
    54.C
    55.A
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要介绍了伽利略,他被认为是现代科学的奠基人。伽利略不仅因为他的发现而伟大,而且因为他发展的科学方法而伟大。
    46.
    句意:他被认为是现代科学的奠基人。
    realized意识到;designed设计;cnsidered考虑;encuraged鼓励。根据“Galile was the first persn t see these things thrugh a telescpe. He the farther f mdern science”可知此处是指伽利略被认为是现代科学的奠基人,be cnsidered as“被认为是”,故选C。
    47.
    句意:伽利略不仅因为他的发现而伟大,而且因为他发展的科学方法而伟大。
    dreams梦想;intrductins介绍;discveries发现;instructins说明书。根据“Galile was the first persn t see these things thrugh a telescpe”可知此处是指伽利略的发现,故选C。
    48.
    句意:1608年,一个荷兰人首先制造了它,后来伽利略改进了它的设计。
    recrded记录;imprved改进;presented呈现;translated翻译。根据“Galile did nt invent the telescpe”可知伽利略没有制造出望远镜,而是改进了,故选B。
    49.
    句意:所以他能够近距离地研究恒星和行星。
    calmly沉着地;clsely接近地;nearly几乎;gently温和地。根据“His telescpe made things appear larger by much mre times.”可知有了望远镜,就可以近距离地的研究恒星和行星,故选B。
    50.
    句意:当伽利略研究天空时,他证明了行星围绕太阳运行。
    prved 证明;hped希望;prmised承诺;imagined想象。根据“He was nt the first persn t believe this, but he was the first t prve details f this fact”可知伽利略证明了行星围绕太阳运行,故选A。
    51.
    句意:那个时代的人相信地球是宇宙的中心,太空中的一切都围绕着地球运动。
    part部分;crner角落;surface表面;centre中心。根据“everything in space mved arund the Earth.”太空中的一切都围绕着地球运动,可知人们认为地球是宇宙的中央,故选D。
    52.
    句意:伽利略因为说他们所相信的是错误的而惹上麻烦。
    true真实的;useful有用的;wrng错误的;cmmn普通的。根据“the planets circle arund the sun”以及“everything in space mved arund the Earth.”可知伽利略证明了行星围绕太阳运行,而那时的人们都认为地球是宇宙的中央,所以伽利略证明了他们的认知是错误的,故选C。
    53.
    句意:伽利略的工作超越了天文学家的范畴。
    after在……之后;acrss穿过;thrugh穿过;beynd超过。根据“He was an inventr as well”可知他不仅是天文学家,又是发明家,所以beynd在此符合语境,故选D。
    54.
    句意:他的温度计不能准确地显示温度,但它可以显示一个温度更高、更低或与另一个温度相同。
    s所以;and和;but但是;since自从。根据“His thermmeter didn’t tell the temperatures culd shw if a temperature was higher r lwer r the same as anther temperature.”可知句子前后是转折关系,应用but连接,故选C。
    55.
    句意:伽利略用一种新的方式思考世界。
    new新的;usual通常的;narrw狭窄的;difficult困难的。根据“Befre Galile, peple did nt run experiments r test ut their ideas. He is ne f the first real scientists.”在伽利略之前,人们没有进行实验,也没有验证自己的想法。他是第一批真正的科学家之一。可知是因为伽利略用了新的方式思考,才使得他是第一批真正的科学家之一,故选A。
    56.D
    57.C
    58.B
    59.A
    60.A
    61.A
    62.D
    63.C
    64.B
    65.C
    66.C
    67.B
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文主要介绍了爱因斯坦小时候,因为经常和一些坏孩子一起玩,几次考试都不及格。他爸爸通过给他讲故事使他觉悟,从此爱因斯坦严格要求自己,最终获得了成功。
    56.
    句意:在一个星期天的早晨,爱因斯坦想和其他孩子一起去钓鱼。
    anther指三者或三者以上中的另一个;the thers表示在一个范围内的其他全部;thers是ther的复数形式,泛指“其他人”或“其他物”,不能作定语;ther别的、另外的,一般只能和复数名词连用。根据上文“he ften played with sme bad kids.”他经常和一些坏孩子玩。结合“Einstein wanted t g fishing with … kids.”及选项,可知爱因斯坦是想和其他的孩子一起去钓鱼,因此ther符合题意,故选D。
    57.
    句意: 他的父亲阻止他说:“爱因斯坦,你花太多时间玩。 我担心你的未来。”
    t play动词不定式;play玩,动词原形;playing动名词/现在分词;played过去式或过去分词。根据“yu were spending t much time ….”可知此处考查固定搭配spend time ding sth“花费时间做某事”,故选C。
    58.
    句意:杰克和罗伯特也没有通过考试,但他们还是像往常一样去钓鱼了。
    s因此;but但是;because因为;r或者。根据“Jack and Rbert als failed in the exam; … they went fishing as usual.”可知他们没有通过考试,可还是照常去钓鱼,因此此处表示的应是转折关系,所以用but连接,故选B。
    59.
    句意:孩子,我给你讲个故事。
    a不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以辅音音素开头的单词前;an不定冠词,表示泛指,用于以元音音素开头的单词前;the定冠词,表示特指;/不填。根据“I have … stry fr yu.”结合语境,可知此处表示的是泛指,且stry的发音是以辅音音素开头的,因此用a来修饰,故选A。
    60.
    句意:屋顶上有两只猫。
    were是,一般过去时;are是,一般现在时;had有,一般过去时,have有,一般现在时。根据“There … tw cats n the rf.”可知本句为there be结构,结合语境可知句子时态是一般过去时,故选A。
    61.
    句意:当他们从烟囱里爬出来的时候; 一只猫的脸很脏,而另一只猫的脸很干净。
    When当……时候;Unless除非;Althugh虽然;Befre在……之前。根据“… they climbed ut f the chimney; ne cat’s face was dirty while the ther cat’s face was clean.”结合语境及选项,可知是当他们从烟囱里爬出来的时候,故选A。
    62.
    句意:看到那只脏脸的猫,脸干净的那只认为自己的脸也脏了。
    t也、用于肯定句,通常位于句末;either也,一般用于否定句句末;neither表示“二者都不”,一般同“nr”连用,表示“既不……也不”;als也,常用于肯定句或疑问句,一般位于句中。根据“Seeing the dirty-faced cat, the clean-faced ne thught its wn face was … dirty,”结合语境及选项,可知本句为肯定句,且设空处位于句中,因此应用als,故选D。
    63.
    句意:脸脏的猫看见脸干净的那只猫,以为自己的脸也很干净,就高高兴兴地走在街上。
    happy高兴的、幸福的,形容词;happier更高兴的;happily高兴地、幸福地,副词;happiness幸福、快乐,名词。根据“s it walked … in the street.”可知设空处修饰前面的谓语动词,因此应用副词happily,故选C。
    64.
    句意:爱因斯坦,任何人都有可能成为你的镜子。
    by被、由;fr为了;t到、朝;with和……一起。根据“it is pssible … anybdy t be yur mirrr (镜子).”可知本句为固定句型:It is+形容词+fr sb+t d sth,意为“对某人来说做某事怎么样”,故选B。
    65.
    句意:有些孩子对自己要求不严格。
    they他们,主格;them他们,宾格;themselves他们自己,反身代词;theirs他们的,名词性的物主代词。根据“Sme kids are nt strict with … .”结合语境可知是一些孩子对自己要求不严格,因此应用反身代词,故选C。
    66.
    句意:你可以向别人学习,但不应该完全跟随他们。
    must必须;dare敢于;shuld应该;may可以。根据“Yu can learn frm ther peple, but yu … nt fllw them ttally.”由转折词but,可知是不应该完全跟随他们,shuld nt“不应该”,故选C。
    67.
    句意:你必须看清自己,知道自己想要什么。
    why为什么;what什么;that那、那个;when什么时候。根据“Yu must see yurself clearly and knw … yu want t get.”可知此处缺少宾语,因此应用what,故选B。
    68.B
    69.C
    70.D
    71.B
    72.C
    73.B
    74.A
    75.C
    76.C
    77.C
    【解析】
    【分析】
    文章大意:短文主要讲了现在人类社会取得的很多进步,都是基于老一辈所做出的努力,文章还介绍了一些为人类社会做出极大贡献的人物。
    68.
    句意:换句话说,他的工作是建立在前人科学家的努力之上的。
    speakers演讲者;scientists科学家;dctrs医生;engineers工程师。根据上文“He said he succeeded because he “std n the shulders f giants”.”他说他成功了是因为他“站在巨人的肩膀上”。换句话说,应是他的工作是建立在前人科学家的努力之上的,故选B。
    69.
    句意:所有的进步都是在老一辈人的努力基础上,来自于新一代。
    learns学会;ges去;cmes来自;belngs属于。根据“All prgress … frm the new generatins (一代人),”结合语境,可知此处考查固定词组cme frm,意为“来自”,故选C。
    70.
    句意:这些巨人之后的每一代都在继续建设这个国家。
    lve爱;celebrate庆祝;create创造;build建立、建设。根据上文“Ma Zedng, Deng Xiaping and many thers built the basic.”毛泽东、邓小平和其他许多人建立了基础。可知这些巨人之后的每一代都在继续建设这个国家,故选D。
    71.
    句意:确保中国继续前进的重任将落在你们这一代身上。
    lking arund环顾四周;mving frward向前发展;putting dwn放下;making up构成、编造。根据上文这些巨人之后的每一代都在继续建设这个国家,结合“It is ging t be up t yur generatin t make sure that China keeps ….”可知是中国继续前进的重任将落在你们这一代身上,故选B。
    72.
    句意:如果你们强壮,中国就强壮。
    yung年轻的;lvely可爱的;strng强壮的;quick快的。根据下文“If yu are great, China will be great.”如果你们伟大,中国也将伟大。可知是如果你们强壮,中国就强壮,故选C。
    73.
    句意:如果你们为赢而努力,中国就一定会赢!
    differently不同地;surely一定;hardly几乎不;bravely勇敢地。根据上文语境,你们强,中国就强。你们伟大,中国也将伟大。因此如果你们为赢而努力,中国就一定会赢,故选B。
    74.
    句意:幸运的是,你过去有很多榜样可以学习。
    in the past在过去;at present目前、现在;in the future在将来;all the time一直。根据下文“As fr me, I admire Sng Qingling mst.”就我而言,我最佩服宋庆龄。可知是过去有很多榜样可以学习,故选A。
    75.
    句意:她在美国长大,说一口流利的英语。
    studied学习;stayed停留;grwn长大的;educated受过教育的。根据下文“She lived a rich life there,”她在那里过着富裕的生活,可知她是在美国长大的,故选C。
    76.
    句意:但她决定回到中国,并将她的一生奉献给帮助年轻人。
    the pr穷人;the rich富人;the yung年轻人;the ld老人。根据下文“called her “Mum” in return”叫她“妈妈”作为报答,可知她回国帮助的是年轻人,故选C。
    77.
    句意:你可以站在她的肩膀上帮助孩子们,建设一个更美好的未来。
    feet脚;hands手;shulders肩膀;head头。根据上文“He said he succeeded because he “std n the shulders f giants”.”他说他成功了是因为他“站在巨人的肩膀上”。可知此处指的是说站在她的肩膀上帮助孩子们,建设一个更美好的未来,故选C。
    78.B
    79.D
    80.A
    81.C
    82.C
    83.A
    84.B
    85.D
    86.B
    87.C
    【解析】
    【导语】
    本文介绍了钟南山院士为抗击疫情做出的突出贡献,不管是2003年的非典,还是2020年初的新冠状病毒,他都奋战在疫情抗争的第一线,他既是一名医生,也是一名战士。
    78.
    句意:他是广东的一名医生,2003年挽救了许多人的生命。
    helped帮助;saved拯救;liked喜欢;influenced影响;根据句意理解及前句“He is a dctr in Guangdng”可知,这里表达的是“挽救人的生命”,所以应该用saved,故选B。
    79.
    句意:2003年,广东爆发非典。
    tk ut取出;fund ut调查;gave ut分发;brke ut爆发;根据“ Guangdng”可知,这里表达的是“爆发”,故选D。
    80.
    句意:数百名病人甚至死于这种疾病。
    patients病人;dctrs医生;animals动物;plants植物;根据“died frm the disease”可知,这里指的是“病人”,故选A。
    81.
    句意:但钟南山勇敢地与疾病作斗争。
    kind善良的;pr贫穷的;brave勇敢的;silent沉默的;根据“s everyne was afraid f it”和but可知,这里表达的是相反的意思,也就是钟南山并没有害怕,所以这里表达的是“勇敢的”,故选C。
    82.
    句意:钟日夜寻找病因。
    patient病人;fld洪水;disease疾病;pllutin污染;根据“Zhng spent days and nights finding the cause f the...”可知,这里表达的是“疾病的原因”,所以这里应该用disease,故选C。
    83.
    句意:它在全国迅速蔓延。
    quickly快速地;slwly慢慢地;safely安全地;luckily幸运地;根据“Tens f thusands f Chinese peple were infected (感染).”可知,这里表达的是“迅速地蔓延”,所以应该填quickly,故选A。
    84.
    句意:钟的团队采取了许多措施来拯救被新型冠状病毒感染的病人。
    prtect保护;save拯救;warn警告;harm伤害;根据“the patients infected by the Nvel Crnavirus”可知,采取了许多措施来拯救被新型冠状病毒感染的病人,故选B。
    85.
    句意:他建议人们戴口罩,勤洗手,待在家里,不要去人多的地方。
    wave挥舞;pllute污染;shake摇晃;wash洗;根据“ mre ften”可知,这里表达的是“洗手”,英语是wash hands,故选D。
    86.
    句意:虽然他67岁了,但他仍然可以打篮球。
    When当……时;Althugh虽然;Unless除非;Because因为;根据“he culd still play basketball”可知,这里表达的是“虽然”,是althugh引导的让步状语从句,故选B。
    87.
    句意:如今,84岁的钟仍在医院治疗病人,教年轻医生。
    requires需要;trusts信任;teaches教;asks问;根据“Zhng still treats patients in the hspital”可知,这里表达的是“教年轻医生”,所以这里应该填teach,故选C。

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