北京市中国人民大学附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期11月统练英语试题

这是一份北京市中国人民大学附属中学2024-2025学年高二上学期11月统练英语试题，共9页。试卷主要包含了完形填空，阅读理解，语法填空，阅读与表达等内容，欢迎下载使用。
考试时间：60分钟满分：100分
注意：请将Ⅱ卷答案写在答题纸上，请将Ⅰ卷答案填涂到机读卡上。
Ⅰ卷
一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
When I was three, I had a very gd friend named Gemma. She was fearless where I was anxius, 1 where I was cnservative and skillful where I was clumsy. She was als entirely imaginary.
I can’t remember when r hw I “met” Gemma, and, perhaps sadder still, I dn’t remember the last time I “saw” her. Even thugh my brain created her, she 2 me t g n adventures I wuld nt have had the cnfidence t embark upn withut her. S it saddened me t see the results f a recent survey shwing 72% f nursery wrkers believed children have fewer 3 friends than they did five years ag, with 63% believing this t be a result f increased screen time.
It’s thught that 40% f us had imaginary friends during ur 4 . In an essay, the researchers fund that81% f thse surveyed had “lst” their imaginary friends after they turned 10, but mst f these friendships ended 5 . Perhaps imaginary friends simply stay with us fr as lng as we need them, mving n when ur lives becme t full and laded fr ur brains t make space t generate their wn 6 .
If yu’ve enjyed an imaginary friendship, I’d guess that yu did nt cnsciusly sit dwn t create a perfect pal - they prbably arrived 7 . as an indicatin f thughts and ideas yu never knew yu had. Our imaginary friends prmpt us t explre and hnur ur curisity. It is very hard t make the time and the space t d this as an adult. In rder t be a gd 8 t an imaginary friend, yu need t be able t make “what if?” int an exciting plan. When we grw up, we’re t quick t finish the sentence with, “what if it ges wrng?”
As an adult, we might nt still need imaginary friends, but maybe we need t be reminded that a little bit f 9 is gd fr us, and that ur brains can cnjure up（想起）the best ideas when they are left t their wn devices. If there are fewer imaginary friends ppulating the wrlds that ur children live in, that might lead t a future with fewer artists, writers and prblem-slvers, which is a real cause fr 10 .
1. A. adaptableB. rebelliusC. emtinalD. cnsiderate
2. A. adjustedB. retrainedC. innvatedD. inspired
3. A. imaginaryB. intimateC. decentD. intelligent
4. A. adulthdB. adlescenceC. childhdD. babyhd
5. A. evidentlyB. naturallyC. ccasinallyD. suddenly
6. A. assciatinB. educatinC. ccupatinD. creatin
7. A. unheardB. unaskedC. untuchedD. untld
8. A. cmpaninB. instructrC. studentD. assistant
9. A. freedmB. wisdmC. bredmD. randm
10. A. imaginatinB. cncernC. limitatinD. failure
二、阅读理解（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）
A
It is ur missin t help busy but curius hme cks make the best purchase decisins. Nw cmpile ur infrmative lists belw.
Kitchn
If yu’re dedicated t learning the ins and uts f cking and want a full prgram, Kitchn Cking Schl ffers an nline curse that includes 20 lessns ver 20 days fr nly $30 each class.
Each day, a new tpic is cvered, starting with knife skills and ending with hw t plan, ck and thrw a dinner party. Mst imprtantly, the instructrs value the jy in cking. The tne f Kitchn is light, playful, and fun, but still prfessinal and very infrmative.
Udemy
With ver 183,000 nline curses available, Udemy ffers a variety f cking curses taught by instructrs arund the cuntry.
Many vides cme with bnus material that includes suggestins n kitchen tls and equipment. Udemy ffers great deals with large sales n classes, as well as a selectin f free cntent. Curses cme with full, lifetime access when purchased and a 30-day, mney-back guarantee. Prices generally range frm $10 t $30.
Ruxbe
Widely recgnized as the leading nline cking schl amng industry prfessinals, Ruxbe ffers a wide array f individual lessns, plus their prfessinal certificate prgrams.
Membership csts arund $15 per mnth r $99 per year, but Ruxbe ften ffers discunts n their annual membership, as well as a 30-day free trial. S, if yu’ve been struggling t cme up with recipes t ck at hme, Ruxbe is a fantastic resurce that prvides simple, quality prfessinal guidance.
NYT
NYT is recgnized fr its fd sectin and ffers a large selectin f instructinal cking vides nline fr all skill levels.
Fr thse with specific dietary preferences, yu can easily find what yu’re lking fr by selecting categries like dairy-free, lw-carb, high fiber and mre. Membership fee is arund $5 per mnth r $40 annually fr unlimited access. And, nt t wrry: Yu can cancel at any time.
11. Which ne is mst likely t attract vegetarians?
A. Kitchn.B. NYT.C. Ruxbe.D. Udemy.
12. What can we knw frm the passage?
A. Ruxbe is highly thught f by industry prfessinals.
B. Kitchn is recgnized fr its prfessinal and infrmative style.
C. NYT targets peple with specific dietary preferences.
D. Udemy ffers rich cking curses by wrldwide instructrs.
13. What is the purpse f the passage?
A. T intrduce cking.B. T cmpare the cking methds.
C. T prmte hme cking skills.D. T recmmend cking schls.
B
Jkes and humr are ften thught f as unimprtant things. If the lawyer defending yu in curt culdn’t stp jking, yu’d be understandably alarmed.
Hwever, regarding humur as insignificance is a mistake. Humur, jkes and laughter, have a vital rle t play in human behaviur and interactin. They are a pwerful part f scial bnding and are genuinely beneficial fr health via their stress-relieving prperties.
Why d we respnd, in such pwerful and rewarding ways, t things that bjectively make little sense? A substantial amunt f data has been generated regarding hw humur wrks in the brain and n the varius types f recgnizable jkes that trigger it.
Verbal puns, the mst familiar type f jke, invlve wrds that cnvey tw meanings at nce. Fr example, “Why did the glfer wear tw pairs f trusers? In case he gt a hle in ne.” Here “hle in ne” has tw pssible interpretatins. Their simplicity and familiarity mean mst peple recgnize the humur in puns. S, the brain’s humur prcesses are still engaged.
But where des humur arise frm in the brain? Cnsiderable research pints twards a specific system in the brain fr recgnizing humur. This system seemingly detects and reslves incngruity（不和谐）. Our brains knw hw things, like language and behavirs, shuld wrk. But, in the real wrld, many things dn’t match ur expectatins. It seems ur brains have evlved a system t recgnize when this happens.
If nrmality is subverted, it means we dn’t knw what’s ging t happen, which creates cgnitive（认知）tensin. Hwever, the system that recgnizes incngruity seemingly als reslves it, by prviding an explanatin, r at least a cnfirmatin that the incngruity has n negative cnsequences. This remves the uncertainty, relieving the tensin. S, we experience a rewarding feeling. If the incngruity is nt reslved, hwever, humur is absent. If the answer t “Why did the glfer wear tw pairs f trusers?” is “in case the metal wl that lives in his gld bag attacks him”, that’s nt funny. There’s unreslved incngruity.
Humur is essentially ur brain ging, “This isn’t hw things usually wrk, but I’m kay with it!”
14. What des the authr say abut humr in the first tw paragraphs?
A. It mainly serves t entertain and amuse.
B. It is essential fr prfessinal cmmunicatin.
C. Its harmful effects shuldn’t be ignred.
D. Its psitive rle is ften underrated.
15. Why des the authr mentin the “hle in ne” example in paragraph 4?
A. T prve a thery.B. T draw a cnclusin.
C. T make a cmparisn.D. T illustrate a cncept.
16. What des the underlined wrd “subverted” in paragraph 6 prbably mean?
A. Overturned.B. Repeated.C. Established.D. Detected.
17. What is the best title fr the text?
A. Jkes and the Brain’s Reward System
B. Using Humr t Bst Brain Pwer
C. Unlcking Brain Secrets Behind Humr
D. Hw Jkes Affect Brain Structures
C
Lia Thmas, a student at the University f Pennsylvania, is an excellent swimmer. She ften beats her rivals by tens f secnds, breaking recrds. Her success is based n three things. One is natural talent. Anther is persistent training. And the third is bilgy.
Fr althugh she identifies as a wman, Ms Thmas was brn male. Since humans cannt change their sex（unlike their self-identified gender）, she remains that way. On the eve f her biggest cmpetitin, Ms Thmas finds herself at the centre f the bad-tempered debate abut whether trans wmen— males wh identify as wmen— shuld cmpete in wmen’s sprts. That, in turn, is part f a brader argument: shuld brute（纯粹的）bilgical facts smetimes verride peple’s deeply held feelings abut their identities?
This newspaper believes it is almst always unfair t allw transgender wmen t cmpete in wmen’s sprts. The advantages bestwed by male puberty（青春期）are s big that n amunt f training r talent can enable female athletes t vercme them. Flrence Griffith Jyner’s 100-metres wrld sprinting recrd has std fr three decades. A male matching it wuld nt even make it t the Olympics, let alne the final. In 2016, at an American event fr high-schlers, fur f the eight bys in the 100-metres final ran faster.
Much f the male advantage is granted by teststerne（睾丸素）, a ptent anablic sterid whse levels rise sharply in male puberty. Fr many years, many sprting bdies, fllwing the lead f the Internatinal Olympic Cmmittee, hped t deal with the issue by allwing trans wmen t cmpete in wmen’s events prvided they tk teststerne-suppressing drugs. But the science suggests this des nt level the playing field. Suppressing teststerne in adults, it seems, des little t und the advantages granted by a male adlescence.
Sprts must therefre chse between inclusin and fairness; and they shuld chse fair play. That des nt mean, as is smetimes claimed, that trans wmen wuld be barred frm all sprt. One way t make that clear wuld be t replace the “men’s” and “wmen’s” categries with “pen” and “female” nes. The first wuld be pen t all cmers. The secnd wuld be restricted n the basis f bilgy.
Sprt is public, and results can be measured bjectively. That means the argument that the material facts f bilgy shuld smetimes utrank a persn’s subjective sense f identity is easier t make. But bias exists, as a Republican bill in Flrida t restrict “instructin” in schls abut gender identity r sexual rientatin makes plain. That shuld be resisted.
Mst f the time, it csts little r nthing t respect peple’s chices abut hw they wish t present themselves. In the rare cases where rights clash（不相容）, sciety must weigh the balance sensitively and with pen eyes.
18. The authr mentins Jyner’s 100-metres wrld sprinting recrd t shw that ________.
A. mst female athletes can’t rival trans wmen athletes
B. male puberty is the best time fr sprts cmpetitin
C. it is unfair fr Ms Thmas t cmpete in wmen’s sprts
D. this recrd can’t make a male reach the threshld f the Olympics
19. What des the underlined wrd “that” in the passage refer t?
A. billB. instructinC. biasD. identity
20. What is the authr’s attitude twards trans peple in sprts cmpetitin?
A. disagreeableB. pen-mindedC. sym patheticD. cnservative
21. Which might be the best title fr the passage?
A. Inclusin and FairnessB. Respect Peple’s Chices
C. “Open” and “Female” in SprtsD. Bilgy Matters A Great Deal
D
The Imprtance f Listening
Gd cmmunicatrs knw the value f listening. They will tell yu that in cmmunicatin listening is mre imprtant than even speaking. Yu learn it early in yur educatin. If yu d nt listen t yur teacher in the classrm and fllw his lecture, yu may make mistakes in yur respnses r will have t spend mre time studying and understanding the same. 22
Effective listening has several advantages. Speaking exhausts yu, whereas listening enriches yu. A speaker betrays bth his knwledge and ignrance, while a listener remains mysterius and eludes thers’ judgment. When yu listen attentively, yu increase yur knwledge f peple and situatins and yur chances f becming likable, friendly, and agreeable. Peple prefer being in the cmpany f sympathetic listeners rather than garrulus speakers. 23 Hence, they readily pen their minds and hearts t thse wh are willing t listen t them.
Thus, active listening is the fundatin f any gd cnversatin. If yu want t be friendly with thers and increase yur zne f influence, yu must listen t them mst f the time and speak nly when necessary. Thse wh always speak run the risk f attracting unwanted public attentin and even ridicule, whereas gd listeners quietly mingle with strangers and find new friends. 24 It helps yu in teamwrk, leadership, cnflict reslutin, negtiatins, team building, and prblem slving.
25 It nly means yu have t pay attentin, shw respect and listen with cncentratin. By listening actively and paying attentin, yu can change the tne and tenr f any cnversatin. When yu listen attentively, thers feel cmfrtable in yur presence and pen their hearts and minds.
Gd listeners are enablers. They empwer peple. 26 When yu listen attentively, yu can bserve and understand thers and develp a better insight int their behavir. When yu speak yur mind will be preccupied with what yu want t say next, whereas when yu listen yu have a better pprtunity t relax, bserve and stay with the mment.
A. They want t be heard and understd, rather than lectured and dminated.
B. Listening helps yu t knw thers, gather infrmatin and build relatinships.
C. They facilitate cnversatin, prmte understanding and diffuse tense situatins.
D. Actively listening can greatly imprve the quality f yur relatinships and cmmunicatin.
E. Listening des nt mean yu have t agree with everything r submit t everyne’s pinin.
F. Yur listening habits are a part f yur persnality and a reflectin f yur beliefs and attitude.
G. Unfrtunately, mst f us d nt remember this simple virtue later in life and are carried away by the charms f speech.
Ⅱ卷
一、补全短文（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
阅读下面的短文，从A—J中选择适当的短语补全意思并写在答题纸上。
What is yur recvery rate? Hw lng des it take yu 1 that upset yu? Minutes? Hurs? Days? Weeks? The lnger it takes yu t recver, the mre influence that incident has n yur actins, and 2 . The perfect example is fund with prfessinal sprtspeple. They knw that the faster they can frget an incident r missed pprtunity and 3 , the better their perfrmance.
Imagine yurself t be an actr in a play n the stage. Yur aim is 4 . Yu have been given a script and at the end f each sentence is a full stp. Each time yu get t the end f the sentence, yu start a new ne and althugh the next sentence is related t the last, 5 . Yur jb is 6 .
Dn’t live yur life in the past! Learn t live in the present, 7 . Stp the past frm influencing yur daily life. Dn’t allw thughts f the past t 8 . Stp the past frm 9 . Learn t recver quickly.
The way frward? Live in the present. Nt 10
二、单词填空（共15题，每小题1分，共15分）
请根据中文或首字母提示用单词适当形式填空，并将完整单词写在答题纸上。
11. The cmpany’s i ________（创新的）apprach t renewable energy has set them apart in the industry.
12. The new prject discussed at the last meeting i________（涉及）several departments and require clse cllabratin.
13. His a________（气恼）was evident when the meeting kept getting delayed fr n reasn.
14. Mre generally, there exists a strng a________（强烈欲望）fr wrk in rder t buy gds and t get ahead.
15. He felt e________（尴尬的）when he tripped in frnt f the whle class.
16. The decisin t ban plastic bags will have f________（深远的）cnsequences fr the envirnment.
17. Traveling necessities like fd, r________（可重复充填的）water bttles, bks, scks and electrnics shuld always be packed frm hme s yu can avid inflated airprt prices.
18. I a________（偶然地）brke my phne while I was walking dwn the stairs.
19. The a________（氛围）at the party was lively, with music and laughter filling the air.
20. T e________（增强）yur writing skills, it’s imprtant t read a wide range f texts.
21. He felt a great deal f a________（焦虑）befre his final exams, unable t cncentrate.
22. The new technlgy culd p________（潜在地）revlutinize the way we travel in the future.
23. She radiates an i________（有感染力的）enthusiasm fr everything she des.
24. As he pushed her, she s________（摇摆，摆动）higher and higher, enjying the warm afternn breeze.
25. Sme f the mst efficient refrigeratrs e________（消耗）70 percent less electricity than traditinal mdels.
三、语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题纸指定区域作答。
A
A famus art cllectr 26________（walk）thrugh the city when he nticed a dirty cat 27. ________（lap）milk frm a saucer in the drway f a stre. He nticed that the saucer was an antique and very 28. ________（value）, s he walked 29. ________（casual）int the stre and ffered t buy the cat fr20 dllars. The stre wner replied, “I’m srry, but the cat isn’t 30. ________ sale.”
B
Clning is the prcess f making an exact cpy f a plant r animal and develping it either naturally r artificially. Natural clning 31. ________（g）n fr generatins, such as identical twins. Fr years, there had been attempts t clne animals artificially. The first successfully clned animal was a sheep named Dlly in 1996, wh32. ________（live）fr six and half years. In 2018, the clning f Zhng Zhng and Hua Hua, tw lng-tailed mnkeys, 33. ________（annunce）by Chinese scientists. They were the first-ever primates t have been clned. The successful clning f primates 34. ________（lead）t wrldwide praise 35. ________ it is a huge breakthrugh in cures fr diseases and clues n preventin f the aging prcess.
四、阅读与表达（共3小题：第36、37题各2分，第38题4分，共8分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
Nature is turning n us
In the last few years, we have seen envirnmental disasters n a grand scale, and experts are predicting wrse t cme. Jin Li reprts n ur Earth’s changeable weather patterns.
Thunderstrms, flds, earthquakes, typhns, vlcanic eruptins, tsunamis and frest fires have becme increasingly cmmn. There has been terrible flding in Asia, Africa, America and Oceania. Strms have been getting wrse everywhere t, with mre hurricanes hitting the US, and Central America. In 2016, there were three vlcanic eruptins at almst the same time in Indnesia. Reduced rainfall has affected large areas f Africa fr years leaving irrigatin canals dry and many ther znes are becming drier. A number f natins have already been in armed cnflict ver water, and reduced rainfall in the west f the US has resulted in huge frest fires.
S why is nature beginning t turn n us? One answer is verppulatin. The ppulatin f the wrld is grwing at the disturbing rate f 10,000 peple an hur, nearly 90 millin a year, with mst f the grwth in the develping wrld. Pr peple in agricultural areas, withut any means t earn their living, mve t the cities, and then cnstruct shabby hmes frm whatever materials they can find n pr clay sil. These hmes can easily fall dwn in earthquakes r slip and slide dwnhill in landslides, especially after heavy rain. On tp f that, there is the added aspect f glbal warming. This has mainly been caused by the huge amunts f carbn dixide prduced by factries and vehicles. The destructin f the wrld’s frests plays a part, t. As a result, a htter cean causes strnger winds. Atlantic hurricanes are 40% strnger nw than they were 30 years ag.
Landslides and earthquakes are even mre dangerus nw than in the past because arund half f the wrld’s ppulatin nw live in the cities. Many peple in cities and twn in Suth America and Asia are at risk frm landslides. In April 2017, the city f Mca in Clmbia was hit by a landslide, leaving many dead and injured. A great number f peple live at risk frm earthquakes t. These have claimed mre than 1.6 millin lives in the last hundred years.
Mst disaster experts believe that things culd get a lt wrse. Prfessr Hu Ming, f Beijing University studies vlcanes and he warns that the wrld has nt seen the wrst nature can d. The wrst eruptin in human histry was prbably Mt Tambra in 1815, in Indnesia. Dust frm the vlcan rlled acrss the Earth’s skies and pretty much cancelled the fllwing summer in Eurpe and America. But evidence shws that 73,000 years ag there was a much greater eruptin. “It reduced temperatures by maybe 6℃ in sme places and the whle planet was sent int winter fr years. And there are abut tw f these events every 100,000 years …”
36. List tw examples t shw nature is turning n us.
37. Accrding t the authr, why is nature turning n us?
38. Is Prfessr Hu Ming’s attitude psitive r negative twards future? Find evidence frm the text.
参考答案
Ⅰ卷（47分）
一、完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
1-5 BDACB 6-10 DBAAB
二、阅读理解（共16小题；每小题2分，共32分）
A篇 BAD B篇 DDAC C篇 ACBC 七选五 GABEC
Ⅱ卷（53分）
一、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）
1-5 FJEAG 6-10 HDBIC
二、单词填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
11. innvative 12. invlved 13. annyance
14. appetite 15. embarrassed 16. far-reaching
17. refillable 18. accidentally 19. atmsphere
20. enhance 21. anxiety 22. ptentially
23. infectius 24. swung 25. cnsume
三、语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分，共20分）
26. was walking 27. lapping 28. valuable 29. casually 30. fr
31. has been ging/ has gne 32. lived 33. was annunced
34. has led/ leads 35. as/ because
四、阅表（共3题；第36、37题各2分，第38题4分，共8分）
36. The vlcanic eruptins and flds can be the examples t shw that nature is turning n us.
评分标准：1.从第一段中任意选择两个例子即可给分。
2.有语法错误、拼写错误扣一分。
37. The reasn why nature is turning n us is verppulatin and glbal warming.
评分标准：1.两个要点 verppulatin and glbal warming 缺一扣一分
2.有语法错误、拼写错误扣一分。
38. Negative. He has warned peple that the wrld has nt seen the wrst nature can d and listed examples f natural disasters with serius results, which shws his cncern fr the future f the envirnment.
评分标准: 1+3
1.要回答 negative/ psitive, 否则扣一分。
2.之后的解释要用完整句子作答, 要答到 examples f natural disaster或者类似表达。否则扣2分A. t play yur part t the best f yur ability
B. reduce yur persnal best
C. in the precedent
D. t vercme the past
E. get n with the game
F. t recver frm actins and behavirs
G. it is nt affected by it
H. t deliver each sentence t the best f yur ability
I. interfering with yur life
J. the less able yu are t perfrm t yur persnal best