所属成套资源:2024+2025学年八年级数学上学期第三次月考试卷(多版本多地区)含答案
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八年级数学第三次月考卷02(北师大版,八上第1~5章)2024+2025学年初中上学期第三次月考
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这是一份八年级数学第三次月考卷02(北师大版,八上第1~5章)2024+2025学年初中上学期第三次月考,文件包含八年级数学第三次月考卷02全解全析docx、八年级数学第三次月考卷02参考答案docx、八年级数学第三次月考卷02考试版A4docx、八年级数学第三次月考卷02答题卡A3docx、八年级数学第三次月考卷02考试版A3docx、八年级数学第三次月考卷02答题卡A3PDF版pdf等6份试卷配套教学资源,其中试卷共38页, 欢迎下载使用。
选择题(本大题共10小题,每小题3分,共30分,在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的)
二、填空题(本大题共6小题,每小题3分,共18分)
11.x≥﹣212.-213.114.34
15.416.72
三、解答题(本大题共7小题,满分52分.解答应写出文字说明,证明过程或演算步骤)
17.(12分)
【解答】解:(1)原式=32-32+22·····································(2分)
==22;································································(3分)
(2)原式==4-3-2×32-1···········································(5分)
==-3.·····················································(6分)
解:(1)x-2y=1①3x+4y=23②,
①×2+②得:5x=25,解得:x=5,···········································(8分)
把x=5代入①,
可得:5﹣2y=1,
﹣2y=1﹣5,
解得:y=2,
故方程组的解为:x=5y=2;···········································(9分)
(2)将方程组变形可得:3x-y=8①3x-5y=-20②,
①﹣②得:4y=28,解得:y=7,···········································(10分)
将y=7代入①,
可得:3x﹣7=8,
3x=15,
解得:x=5,
故方程组的解为:x=5y=7.·········································(12分)
18.(5分)
【解答】解:(1)如图所示:△ABC的面积:3×4-12×1×2-12×2×4-12×2×3=4;
故答案为:4;·
·····················································(2分)
(2)点D与点C关于原点对称,则点D的坐标为:(﹣4,﹣3);
故答案为:(﹣4,﹣3);································································(3分)
(3)∵P为x轴上一点,△ABP的面积为4,
∴BP=8,
∴点P的横坐标为:2+8=10或2﹣8=﹣6,
故P点坐标为:(10,0)或(﹣6,0).·················································(5分)
19.(5分)
【解答】解:(1)∵a+1的算术平方根是1,
∴a+1=1,
解得a=0;························································(1分)
∵﹣27的立方根是b﹣12,
∴b﹣12=﹣3,
∴b=9;··········································································(2分)
∵c﹣3的平方根是±2,
∴c﹣3=4,
∴c=7.····································································(3分)
(2)由(1)知,a=0,b=9,c=7,
∴a+b+c=0+9+7=16,
∴a+b+c的平方根是±4;··················································(4分)
∴a+b+c的立方根是316.·················································(5分)
20.(5分)
【解答】解:如图,连接BD,···················································(1分)
在Rt△ABD中,∠A=90°,AB=3m,DA=4m,
∴BD=AB2+DA2=32+42=5(m),··········································(2分)
∵CD=13m,BC=12m,52+122=132,
∴BD2+BC2=CD2,
∴△BCD是直角三角形,且∠CBD=90°,········································(4分)
∴S四边形ABCD=S△ABD+S△DBC=12×3×4+12×5×12÷2=36(m2).······················(5分)
21(6分)
【解答】解:(1)∵一次函数y=kx+b(k≠0)的图象由函数y=2x的图象平移得到,
∴k=2,·········································(1分)
∵一次函数y=2x+b经过点(﹣1,3),
∴﹣2+b=3,
∴b=5;··········································(2分)
(2)由(1)知一次函数解析式为y=2x+5,
如图,
∵P(x,y)是该一次函数图象上一点,
∴P(x,2x+5),
∴12×3×|2x+5|=6,·······································(3分)
解得:x=-12或x=-92,
当x=-12时,y=4,
当x=-92时,y=﹣4,
∴点P的坐标为(-12,4)或(-92,-4).·········································(5分)
22.(7分)
【解答】解:(1)设第一次购买x顶帽子,y副手套,
由题意得:x+y=28850x=22y,·····························(1分)
解得:x=88y=200,·····································(3分)
所以第一学年购买帽子88件,手套200件,
答:第一学年购买帽子88件,手套200件;
(2)设第二次购买了m顶帽子,n副手套,
由题意得:由题意得:m+n=375100×50+80%×50(m-100)=50×22+(22-2)(n-50),·········(4分)
解得:m=110n=265,································································(6分)
∴学校需要准备资金:100×50+80%×50(110﹣100)+50×22+(22﹣2)(265﹣50)=10800(元).
··········································································(7分)
答:该学年第二次需准备10800元资金用来购买手套和帽子.
23.(12分)
【解答】解:(1)把y=0代入y=2x﹣8,解得x=4,
∴点A的坐标为(4,0),
把x=0代入y=2x﹣8,解得y=﹣8,
∴点B的坐标为(0,﹣8),
故答案为:A(4,0),B(0,﹣8);··················································(2分)
(2)过点C作CE⊥y轴,垂足为E,
∵△PBC的面积为6,
∴12⋅PB⋅CE=6,即12⋅PB⋅2=6,
解得PB=6,
∵点B(0,﹣8),PB=6,
∴点P的坐标为(0,﹣2)或(0,﹣14);······························(6分)
(3)存在以B,C,Q为顶点的三角形是等腰直角三角形,
①当BC=CQ,∠BCQ=90°时,过点C作MN⊥y轴,垂足为M,交直线l于点N,
∵MN⊥y轴,直线l⊥x轴,
∴MN⊥直线l,
∴∠BMC=∠CNQ=∠BCQ=90°,
∵∠MBC+∠BCM=90°,∠NCQ+∠BCM=90°,
∴∠MBC=∠NCQ,
∵∠BMC=∠CNQ,BC=CQ,
∴△BCM≌△CQN(AAS),
∴BM=CN,
∵B(0,﹣8),C(2,﹣4),
∴BM=CN=4,CM=2,
∴MN=CM+CN=2+4=6,
∴m=6,·······································································(8分)
②当BC=BQ,∠CBQ=90°时,过点C作CM⊥y轴,垂足为M,过点Q作QN⊥y轴,垂足为N,
同理易证△BCM≌△QBN(AAS),
∴QN=BM,
∵B(0,﹣8),C(2,﹣4),
∴BM=QN=4,
∴m=4,···································································(10分)
③当CQ=BQ,∠BQC=90°时,过点C作CM⊥直线l,垂足为M,过点B作BN⊥直线l,垂足为N,
同理易证△BNQ≌△QMC(AAS),
∴CM=QN,QM=BN,
设CM=QN=t,
∵B(0,﹣8),C(2,﹣4),
∴MN=4,
∴MQ=MN﹣QN=4﹣t,BN=2+t,
∴m=4-t2+t=m,解得m=3t=1,
∴m=3,
综上所述,若以B,C,Q为顶点的三角形是等腰直角三角形,m=6或4或3.······································································(12分)
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